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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kear%C3%A0" title="Kearà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kearà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plato_del_S%C3%A9der" title="Plato del Séder – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Plato del Séder" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kear%C3%A1" title="Keará – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Keará" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piatto_del_Seder_di_Pesach" title="Piatto del Seder di Pesach – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Piatto del Seder di Pesach" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8" title="קערת ליל הסדר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קערת ליל הסדר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sederfat" title="Sederfat – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sederfat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk 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href="/wiki/File:Gastronomie_juive_en_%C3%89gypte_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gastronomie_juive_en_%C3%89gypte_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Gastronomie_juive_en_%C3%89gypte_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gastronomie_juive_en_%C3%89gypte_%28cropped%29.jpg/375px-Gastronomie_juive_en_%C3%89gypte_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gastronomie_juive_en_%C3%89gypte_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Gastronomie_juive_en_%C3%89gypte_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2944" data-file-height="2208" /></a><figcaption>Passover Seder plate</figcaption></figure> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Plate of symbolic food for Passover</div> <p>The <b>Passover Seder plate</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">קערה</span>, <i>ke'ara</i>) is a special <a href="/wiki/Plate_(dishware)" title="Plate (dishware)">plate</a> containing symbolic foods eaten or displayed at the <a href="/wiki/Passover_Seder" title="Passover Seder">Passover Seder</a>. It is used to show all the symbolic foods that are used for the Passover Seder.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbolic_foods">Symbolic foods</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Symbolic foods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each of the six items arranged on the plate has special significance to the retelling of the story of <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a>—<a href="/wiki/The_exodus" class="mw-redirect" title="The exodus">the exodus</a> from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egypt</a>—which is the focus of this ritual meal. A seventh symbolic item used during the meal—the three <a href="/wiki/Matzah" title="Matzah">matzos</a>—is not considered part of the seder plate proper. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Passover_Seder_plate,_numbered.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Passover_Seder_plate%2C_numbered.jpg/220px-Passover_Seder_plate%2C_numbered.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Passover_Seder_plate%2C_numbered.jpg/330px-Passover_Seder_plate%2C_numbered.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Passover_Seder_plate%2C_numbered.jpg/440px-Passover_Seder_plate%2C_numbered.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4014" data-file-height="2883" /></a><figcaption><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Passover Seder plate</a>. Categories (with imaged examples in brackets): <span class="noprint plainlinks" title="Edit Template:Seder plate"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Seder_plate&action=edit">edit</a></span><br />1. <i><a href="/wiki/Zeroa" title="Zeroa">Zeroa</a></i> (shankbone)<br />2. <i><a href="/wiki/Beitza" title="Beitza">Beitza</a></i> (roasted hard-boiled egg)<br />3. <i><a href="/wiki/Maror" title="Maror">Maror</a></i>/<i>Chazeret</i> (horseradish)<br />4. <i><a href="/wiki/Maror" title="Maror">Maror</a></i>/<i>Chazeret</i> (onion)<br />5. <i><a href="/wiki/Charoset" title="Charoset">Charoset</a></i><br />6. <i><a href="/wiki/Karpas" title="Karpas">Karpas</a></i> (parsley)</figcaption></figure> <p>The six traditional items on the Seder Plate are as follows: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maror_and_Chazeret">Maror and Chazeret</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Maror and Chazeret"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Maror" title="Maror">Maror</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Chazeret" class="mw-redirect" title="Chazeret">Chazeret</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> – Bitter herbs symbolizing the bitterness and harshness of the slavery that the Hebrews endured in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egypt</a>. In Ashkenazi tradition, fresh romaine lettuce or endives (both representing the bitterness of the Roman invasions) or <a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">horseradish</a> may be eaten as <a href="/wiki/Maror" title="Maror">Maror</a> in the fulfilment of the <a href="/wiki/Mitzvah" title="Mitzvah">mitzvah</a> of eating bitter herbs during the Seder. <a href="/wiki/Chazeret" class="mw-redirect" title="Chazeret">Chazeret</a> are additional bitter herbs, usually romaine lettuce, that are used in the <a href="/wiki/Korech" class="mw-redirect" title="Korech">korech</a> sandwich.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charoset">Charoset</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Charoset"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Charoset" title="Charoset">Charoset</a></i> – A sweet, brown mixture representing the mortar and brick used by the Hebrew slaves to build the structures of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egypt</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazi">Ashkenazi</a> <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jewish</a> homes, Charoset is traditionally made from chopped nuts, grated apples, <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>, and sweet red wine.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Karpas">Karpas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Karpas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Karpas" title="Karpas">Karpas</a></i> – A vegetable other than bitter herbs representing hope and renewal, which is dipped into salt water at the beginning of the Seder. Parsley or another green vegetable.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_copyediting" title="Wikipedia:Basic copyediting"><span title="The text preceding this tag may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. (October 2024)">needs copy edit</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some substitute parsley to slice of green onion (representing the bitterness of slavery in Egypt) or potato (representing the bitterness of the ghetto in Germany and in other European countries), both commonly used. Participants dip a simple vegetable into salt water. Water then drips off the vegetables visually representing tears and is a symbolic reminder of the pain felt by the Hebrew slaves in Egypt. Usually, in a <a href="/wiki/Shabbat" title="Shabbat">Shabbat</a> or <a href="/wiki/Jewish_holiday" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish holiday">holiday</a> meal, the first thing to be eaten after the <a href="/wiki/Kiddush" title="Kiddush">kiddush</a> over wine is bread. At the Seder table, however, the first thing to be eaten after the kiddush is a vegetable. This leads immediately to the recital of the famous question, <i>Ma Nishtana</i>—"Why is this night different from all other nights?" It also symbolizes the springtime, because Jews celebrate Passover in the spring.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zeroah">Zeroah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Zeroah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Zeroa" title="Zeroa">Zeroa</a></i> – Also transliterated <i>Z'roa</i>, this is typically a roasted lamb shank bone. It is special as it is the only element of meat on the Seder Plate, symbolizing the Korban Pesach (<a href="/wiki/Passover_sacrifice" title="Passover sacrifice">Passover sacrifice</a>), or Pascal Lamb. It symbolizes the sacrifice of a lamb whose blood was painted on the doorway of Israelite slaves' houses so that the <a href="/wiki/Destroying_angel_(Bible)" title="Destroying angel (Bible)">angel of death</a> would pass over that house during the tenth plague.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beitza">Beitza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Beitza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Beitza" title="Beitza">Beitza</a></i> – A roasted egg, symbolizing the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korban_chagigah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korban chagigah (page does not exist)">korban chagigah</a></i> (festival sacrifice) that was offered at the <a href="/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem" title="Temple in Jerusalem">Temple in Jerusalem</a>, is then roasted and eaten as part of the meal on Seder night. Although both the Pesach sacrifice and the <i><a href="/wiki/Chagigah" class="mw-redirect" title="Chagigah">chagigah</a></i> were meat offerings, the <i>chagigah</i> is commemorated by an egg, a symbol of mourning (as eggs are the first thing served to mourners after a funeral), evoking the idea of mourning over the destruction of the Temple and the inability to offer the biblically mandated sacrifices for the Pesach holiday. The use of an egg in the seder is first attested in the 16th-century <a href="/wiki/Shulchan_Aruch" title="Shulchan Aruch">Shulchan Aruch</a> commentary of Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Moses_Isserles" title="Moses Isserles">Moses Isserles</a>, and it is not known when the custom began.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not used during the formal part of the seder. Some people eat a regular hard-boiled egg dipped in salt water or vinegar as part of the first course of the meal, or as an appetizer. The egg also represents the circle of life: birth, reproduction, and death.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SederPlate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/SederPlate.jpg/220px-SederPlate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/SederPlate.jpg/330px-SederPlate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/SederPlate.jpg/440px-SederPlate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>Sterling silver seder plate</figcaption></figure> <p>Many decorative and artistic Seder plates sold in <a href="/wiki/Judaica" class="mw-redirect" title="Judaica">Judaica</a> stores have pre-formed spaces for inserting the various symbolic foods. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seder_Table.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Seder_Table.jpg/300px-Seder_Table.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Seder_Table.jpg/450px-Seder_Table.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Seder_Table.jpg/600px-Seder_Table.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1740" data-file-height="1132" /></a><figcaption>Table set for the seder with a seder plate, salt water, matza, kosher wine and a copy of the <a href="/wiki/Haggadah" title="Haggadah">Haggadah</a> for each guest</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Three_Matzot">Three Matzot</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Three Matzot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sixth symbolic item on the Seder table is a plate of three whole <a href="/wiki/Matzah" title="Matzah">matzot</a>, which are stacked and separated from each other by cloths or napkins. The middle matzah will be broken and half of it put aside for the <i><a href="/wiki/Afikoman" title="Afikoman">afikoman</a></i>. The top and another half of the middle matzot will be used for the <i>hamotzi</i> (blessing over bread), and the bottom matzah will be used for the <i>korech</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hillel_the_Elder#Hillel_Sandwich" title="Hillel the Elder">Hillel sandwich</a>). </p><p>According to one common interpretation, the three matzot represent "Kohen, Levi and Yisrael" (i.e., the priests, the tribe of Levi, and all other Jewish people).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salt_water">Salt water</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Salt water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A bowl of salt water, which is used for the first "dipping" of the Seder, is not traditionally part of the Seder Plate but is sometimes placed beside the plate or used as one of the six items, omitting chazeret. The salt water represents the tears of the Israelites when they were enslaved. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_or_alternative_items">Additional or alternative items</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Additional or alternative items"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Passover_Seder_plate_with_wine_and_matzot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Passover_Seder_plate_with_wine_and_matzot.jpg/260px-Passover_Seder_plate_with_wine_and_matzot.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Passover_Seder_plate_with_wine_and_matzot.jpg/390px-Passover_Seder_plate_with_wine_and_matzot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Passover_Seder_plate_with_wine_and_matzot.jpg/520px-Passover_Seder_plate_with_wine_and_matzot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Passover Seder plate including an orange.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">Vinegar</a> – German and Persian Jews traditionally include vinegar on the seder plate, closest to the leader next to the <i>karpas</i>. The <i>karpas</i> was dipped in the vinegar rather than in salt water during the seder.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">Orange</a> – Some Jews include an orange on the Seder plate.<sup id="cite_ref-MyJewishLearning_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MyJewishLearning-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The orange represents the fruitfulness for all Jews when marginalized Jews, particularly women and gay people, are allowed to become active and contribute to the Jewish community. When <a href="/wiki/Susannah_Heschel" title="Susannah Heschel">Susannah Heschel</a> spoke at <a href="/wiki/Hillel:_The_Foundation_for_Jewish_Campus_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillel: The Foundation for Jewish Campus Life">Hillel</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College" title="Oberlin College">Oberlin College</a>, where she saw an early feminist <a href="/wiki/Haggadah" title="Haggadah">haggadah</a> that included Susan Fielding's short story about a young Jewish lesbian told by her Hasidic <a href="/wiki/Rebbe" title="Rebbe">rebbe</a> that "there is as much place for a lesbian in Judaism as there is for hametz at the seder table."<sup id="cite_ref-ritualwell_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ritualwell-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heschel felt, as did those women at Oberlin, that putting bread on the Seder plate would mean accepting the idea that lesbian and gay Jews are as incompatible with Judaism as <i><a href="/wiki/Chametz" title="Chametz">chametz</a></i> is with <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a>. At her next Seder, she used an orange as a symbol of inclusion for lesbians, gays, and others who are marginalized by the Jewish community. Participants eat a segment of the orange, spitting out the seeds as a symbol of rejecting homophobia.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a> – An olive to express solidarity with Palestinians has been added to some seder plates. This ritual was created by Elliott batTzedek in Philadelphia in 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ritual gave to rise to a play, "An Olive on the Seder Plate," directed by Deb Shoval, that began touring to progressive synagogues and college campuses in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 2008, a <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Voice_for_Peace" title="Jewish Voice for Peace">Jewish Voice for Peace</a> haggadah supplement further publicised this with a call to add an olive to symbolise olive trees that have been uprooted in <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian territories">Palestine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adding an olive as a call for peace between Israel and Palestine<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a well acknowledged<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> addition for some Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Watermelon" title="Watermelon">Watermelon</a> – In addition to the olive, after the events of October 7, 2023 and the war in Gaza, some have suggested incorporating a slice of watermelon on the Seder plate as a show of solidarity for the people of Palestine.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The slice of watermelon has been intermittenly used a symbol for Palestine as the red, white, black and green colors of the fruit could be seen as a representation of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Palestine" title="Flag of Palestine">flag of Palestine</a>, the display of which in some contexts has been repressed.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_ceremonial_art" title="Jewish ceremonial art">Jewish ceremonial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haft-sin" title="Haft-sin">Haft-sin</a>, a similar display for <a href="/wiki/Nowruz" title="Nowruz">Nowruz</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iranian</a> new year</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-dish_Christmas_Eve_supper" title="Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper">Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=yahadut.org&rft.atitle=Seder+Preparations+-+Jewish+Tradition&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyahadut.org%2Fen%2Fshabbat-and-festivals%2Fthe-seder%2Fseder-preparations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thus explained in Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Hai_Gaon" class="mw-redirect" title="Hai Gaon">Hai Gaon</a>'s Commentary on Mishnah <i>Uktzin</i> 1:2 [3]; <i>Sefer Arukh</i>, s.v. חזרת; Mishnah Commentary of <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Nathan,_President_of_the_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabbi Nathan, President of the Academy">Rabbi Nathan, President of the Academy</a>, s.v. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.haggadot.com&rft.atitle=Olives+on+the+Seder+Plate+%7C+Passover+Haggadah+by+Susan+Walker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haggadot.com%2Fclip%2Folives-seder-plate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kveller.com/10-unique-items-to-add-to-your-seder-plate/">"10 Unique Items to Add to Your Seder Plate"</a>. <i>Kveller</i>. 2019-04-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kveller&rft.atitle=10+Unique+Items+to+Add+to+Your+Seder+Plate&rft.date=2019-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kveller.com%2F10-unique-items-to-add-to-your-seder-plate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFishkoff2011" class="citation news cs1">Fishkoff, Sue (April 12, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jta.org/2011/04/12/life-religion/from-oranges-to-artichokes-chocolate-and-olives-using-seder-plate-as-a-call-to-action">"From oranges to artichokes, chocolate and olives, using seder plate as a call to action"</a>. Jewish Telegraphic Agency.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=From+oranges+to+artichokes%2C+chocolate+and+olives%2C+using+seder+plate+as+a+call+to+action&rft.date=2011-04-12&rft.aulast=Fishkoff&rft.aufirst=Sue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jta.org%2F2011%2F04%2F12%2Flife-religion%2Ffrom-oranges-to-artichokes-chocolate-and-olives-using-seder-plate-as-a-call-to-action&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/the-seder-plate/">"The Seder Plate"</a>. <i>My Jewish Learning</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=My+Jewish+Learning&rft.atitle=The+Seder+Plate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.myjewishlearning.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-seder-plate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFink" class="citation web cs1">Fink, Rachel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/2024-04-19/ty-article-magazine/.premium/this-years-alternative-passover-seder-plate-has-shades-of-october-7/0000018e-f206-d620-abaf-f26677410000">"This year's alternative Passover seder plate has shades of October 7"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=This+year%27s+alternative+Passover+seder+plate+has+shades+of+October+7&rft.aulast=Fink&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fjewish%2F2024-04-19%2Fty-article-magazine%2F.premium%2Fthis-years-alternative-passover-seder-plate-has-shades-of-october-7%2F0000018e-f206-d620-abaf-f26677410000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOttermanFawcettCruz2024" class="citation web cs1">Otterman, Sharon; Fawcett, Eliza; Cruz, Liset (23 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/22/us/campus-protest-seders.html">"A Night Different from Others as Campus Protests Break for Seder"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Night+Different+from+Others+as+Campus+Protests+Break+for+Seder&rft.date=2024-04-23&rft.aulast=Otterman&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.au=Fawcett%2C+Eliza&rft.au=Cruz%2C+Liset&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F04%2F22%2Fus%2Fcampus-protest-seders.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejc.com/news/features/how-did-the-watermelon-become-a-symbol-of-palestinian-protest-qr9xe81i">"How did the watermelon become a symbol of Palestinian protest?"</a>. 8 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+did+the+watermelon+become+a+symbol+of+Palestinian+protest%3F&rft.date=2024-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fnews%2Ffeatures%2Fhow-did-the-watermelon-become-a-symbol-of-palestinian-protest-qr9xe81i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APassover+Seder+plate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passover_Seder_plate&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chabad.org/holidays/passover/pesach_cdo/aid/116902/jewish/the-seder-plate.htm/">Chabad.org: The Seder Plate</a></li> <li>Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Eliezer_Melamed" title="Eliezer Melamed">Eliezer Melamed</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ph.yhb.org.il/en/04-16-03/">The Seder Plate</a> in <a href="/wiki/Peninei_Halakha" class="mw-redirect" title="Peninei Halakha">Peninei Halakha</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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href="/wiki/White_House_Passover_Seder" title="White House Passover Seder">White House Passover Seder</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Plate30" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Beitzah">Beitzah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Charoset">Charoset</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Karpas">Karpas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Maror_and_Chazeret">Maror and Chazeret</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Zeroah">Zeroah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Haggadah" title="Haggadah">Haggadah</a></th><td 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Haggadah" title="Amsterdam Haggadah">Amsterdam Haggadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birds%27_Head_Haggadah" title="Birds' Head Haggadah">Birds' Head Haggadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_House_Haggadah" title="Maxwell House Haggadah">Maxwell House Haggadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Haggadah" title="Sarajevo Haggadah">Sarajevo Haggadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szyk_Haggadah" title="Szyk Haggadah">Szyk Haggadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Haggadah" title="Washington Haggadah">Washington Haggadah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Foods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Matzah" title="Matzah">Matzah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chremslach" title="Chremslach">Chremslach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzah_ball" title="Matzah ball">Matzah ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzah_brei" title="Matzah brei">Matzah brei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzo_lasagna" title="Matzo lasagna">Matzo lasagna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzah_meal" class="mw-redirect" title="Matzah meal">Matzah meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzah_pizza" title="Matzah pizza">Matzah pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzoquiles" title="Matzoquiles">Matzoquiles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Streit%27s" title="Streit's">Streit's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manischewitz" title="Manischewitz">Manischewitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etablissements_Ren%C3%A9_Neymann" title="Etablissements René Neymann">René Neymann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Matzos" title="Yehuda Matzos">Yehuda Matzos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakusen%27s" title="Rakusen's">Rakusen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osem_(company)" title="Osem (company)">Osem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Main courses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brisket_(Jewish_dish)" title="Brisket (Jewish dish)">Brisket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb_and_mutton" title="Lamb and mutton">Lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potato_kugel" title="Potato kugel">Potato kugel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Desserts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kichel" title="Kichel">Egg kichel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flourless_chocolate_cake" title="Flourless chocolate cake">Flourless chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadji_bada" title="Hadji bada">Hadji bada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaroon" title="Macaroon">Macaroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marunchinos" title="Marunchinos">Marunchinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">Meringue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Observances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedikat_Chametz" title="Bedikat Chametz">Bedikat Chametz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_of_the_Firstborn" title="Fast of the Firstborn">Fast of the Firstborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve_of_Passover_on_Shabbat" title="Eve of Passover on Shabbat">Eve of Passover on Shabbat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passover_sacrifice" title="Passover sacrifice">Passover sacrifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chol_HaMoed" title="Chol HaMoed">Chol HaMoed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimouna" title="Mimouna">Mimouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isru_Chag" class="mw-redirect" title="Isru Chag">Isru Chag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesach_Sheni" title="Pesach Sheni">Pesach Sheni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Laws/customs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chametz" title="Chametz">Chametz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dough_offering#The_Mitzvah_in_modern_practice" title="Dough offering">Challah from Shmurah Matzah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitniyot" title="Kitniyot">Kitniyot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebrochts" title="Gebrochts">Gebrochts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Prayers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Song_of_Songs" title="Song of Songs">Song of Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yom_Tov_Torah_readings#Passover" 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