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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><i><span class="summary">Of Thee I Sing</span></i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Of-Thee-I-Sing-FE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/32/Of-Thee-I-Sing-FE.jpg/220px-Of-Thee-I-Sing-FE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/32/Of-Thee-I-Sing-FE.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="236" data-file-height="350" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">First edition 1932</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Music</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lyrics</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ira_Gershwin" title="Ira Gershwin">Ira Gershwin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Book_(musical_theatre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Book (musical theatre)">Book</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_S._Kaufman" title="George S. Kaufman">George S. Kaufman</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Morrie_Ryskind" title="Morrie Ryskind">Morrie Ryskind</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Productions</th><td class="infobox-data">1931 <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> <br /> 1933 <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> <a href="/wiki/Revival_(theatre)" title="Revival (theatre)">revival</a> <br />1952 Broadway revival <br /> 1972 Television <br /> 2006 <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Center" title="New York City Center">City Center</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Encores!" title="Encores!">Encores!</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Drama" title="Pulitzer Prize for Drama">Pulitzer Prize for Drama</a> (1932)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Of Thee I Sing</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Musical_theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical theater">musical</a> with a score by <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a>, lyrics by <a href="/wiki/Ira_Gershwin" title="Ira Gershwin">Ira Gershwin</a> and a book by <a href="/wiki/George_S._Kaufman" title="George S. Kaufman">George S. Kaufman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Morrie_Ryskind" title="Morrie Ryskind">Morrie Ryskind</a>. The musical lampoons American politics; the story concerns John P. Wintergreen, who runs for President of the United States on the "love" platform. When he falls in love with the sensible Mary Turner instead of Diana Devereaux, the beautiful pageant winner selected for him, he gets into political hot water.<sup id="cite_ref-Dietz_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dietz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> production, directed by Kaufman, opened in 1931 and ran for 441 performances, gaining critical and box office success. It has been revived twice on Broadway and in concert stagings in the U.S. and in London. In 1932, <i>Of Thee I Sing</i> was the first musical to win the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Drama" title="Pulitzer Prize for Drama">Pulitzer Prize for Drama</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dietz_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dietz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Gershwins and <a href="/wiki/George_S._Kaufman" title="George S. Kaufman">George S. Kaufman</a> had collaborated on the satirical 1927 musical <i><a href="/wiki/Strike_up_the_Band_(musical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strike up the Band (musical)">Strike up the Band</a>,</i> which played in Philadelphia. The show concerned a cheese manufacturer who sponsors a war against Switzerland because it will be named after him.<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later that year, Kaufman and Ryskind conceived a new musical focusing on <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satire</a> about rival political parties battling over a new national anthem. The Gershwin brothers agreed to write the score, although they were scheduled to be in Hollywood writing songs for the film <i>Delicious</i>. Kaufman and Ryskind soon realized that their concept did not provide sufficient plot for a musical. They crafted a libretto inspired by the timeless battle of political idealism with corruption and incompetency, creating the first American musical with a consistently satiric tone.<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The writers and the cast were unsure of what the public's reception would be, prompting Kaufman's now-famous retort: "Satire is what closes on Saturday night."<sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Act_I">Act I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Act I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the U.S. in the 1930s, a campaign parade is taking place to support "Wintergreen for President". John P. Wintergreen has been nominated for President and Alexander Throttlebottom has been nominated for Vice President, but he is of such little importance no one can remember who he is. Politicians meet in a hotel room to devise a campaign platform, and when they ask the chambermaid what she cares about, she first says "money," then "love" when pressed further. The men decide that Wintergreen's platform will be "love"; they'll have a pageant to select the most beautiful girl in the United States, and Wintergreen will fall in love and marry her. </p><p>The pageant begins in <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey" title="Atlantic City, New Jersey">Atlantic City, New Jersey</a>, and the contestants wonder, "Who Is the Lucky Girl to Be?" The photographers assure them that even if they do not win, they will surely be loved ("The Dimple on My Knee"). Wintergreen is getting nervous about marrying a girl he doesn't know. While the girls are at the final judging, he confides in Mary Turner, the sensible young woman running the pageant. He does not want to marry a girl just because she's beautiful; he wants a wife who will make a good home for him and his future children. Mary shares her corn muffin with him. Wintergreen tells Mary that he'd rather marry her than any of the girls in the contest. He kisses her, and she agrees to marry him. The judges of the pageant announce that Diana Devereaux, a beautiful southern girl, has won the contest, but Wintergreen declares that he loves Mary Turner. When he gives some of Mary's extraordinary corn muffins to the judges, they agree that John and Mary are meant to wed ("Because, Because"). </p><p>Outside <a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a> in New York City, at a rally for Wintergreen, the campaigners declare that "<a href="/wiki/Love_Is_Sweeping_the_Country" title="Love Is Sweeping the Country">Love Is Sweeping the Country</a>". Inside, where politicians are speaking in favor of Wintergreen, a wrestling match is going on just below the speakers' platform as Alexander Throttlebottom tries to explain to the organizers that he's the candidate for Vice-President. Wintergreen proposes to Mary onstage, as he has in forty-seven states before. She accepts again, and Wintergreen sings the campaign song to her, "Of Thee I Sing". </p><p>On election night, Wintergreen wins by a landslide. Inauguration Day arrives, which is also Wintergreen's wedding day. As his inaugural address, Wintergreen bids goodbye to the girls he used to know ("Here's a Kiss for Cinderella"). The <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice</a> presides over the wedding ceremony, and just after he has pronounced John and Mary man and wife, Diana Devereaux interrupts the proceedings. She is serving Wintergreen with a summons for <a href="/wiki/Breach_of_promise" title="Breach of promise">breach of promise</a>. She insists she is the one he should have married ("I Was the Most Beautiful Blossom"). The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a> rules that Mary's corn muffins are more important than justice in this matter, and Diana angrily leaves to tell her story across the nation. Wintergreen leads the Supreme Court and spectators in a chorus of "Of Thee I Sing". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Act_II">Act II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Act II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>John and Mary settle down to business in the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>. Her "desk," back-to-back with his, is a fully loaded tea-table. Their secretaries greet each other "Hello, Good Morning". Alexander Throttlebottom, now Vice-President, sneaks into the White House with a tour group. When a guide tells him that the Vice-President's job is to preside over the <a href="/wiki/U._S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U. S. Senate">U. S. Senate</a>, Throttlebottom eagerly dashes off to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol" title="United States Capitol">Capitol</a>. Wintergreen's fellow party members inform him that Diana Devereaux is gaining support across the nation. Wintergreen holds a press conference and tells the reporters that his love for Mary is the only thing that matters ("Who Cares?"). The French ambassador unexpectedly arrives ("Garçon, S'il Vous Plaît"). He has a surprise for Mr. Wintergreen: Diana is "'The Illegitimate Daughter' of an illegitimate son of an illegitimate nephew of Napoleon." He insists that Wintergreen annul his marriage and marry Diana to right his grievous offense against France. Everyone agrees that Wintergreen should be impeached for breach of promise ("We'll Impeach Him"), but John and Mary do not care, since they have each other ("Who Cares?" (Reprise)). </p><p>Throttlebottom has found the Senate, and the party members inform him that he will soon be President. He is very excited and goes into the Senate Chamber to preside, beginning by taking "The Roll Call." The resolution on the impeachment of the President is brought up, and the French Ambassador and Diana mournfully insist that she was "Jilted." Mary saves the day when she announces that she is pregnant ("Who Could Ask for Anything More?"). The senators refuse to impeach an expectant father, and Wintergreen declares that "Posterity" is just around the corner. The French Ambassador informs Wintergreen that by not marrying Diana, he has contributed to France's declining birth rate. He demands the Wintergreens' baby as a replacement for the one they have "taken" from France. John refuses, and the ambassador walks out. </p><p>In the Yellow Room of the White House, guests are arriving bearing gifts for the baby ("Trumpeter, Blow Your Horn"). Wintergreen is nervously awaiting the baby's birth when the French Ambassador arrives with a final message from France: surrender the baby or France will sever diplomatic relations with the U.S. The Supreme Court justices, who have the duty to determine the sex of the baby, announce that twins have been born, a boy and a girl. The French ambassador is even more wounded by this proclamation: France has lost two babies instead of one! Diana mournfully joins him, and Alexander Throttlebottom arrives bearing sweaters for the babies. The French Ambassador is about to declare war when Wintergreen has a brilliant idea: according to Article Twelve of the Constitution, when the President of the United States is unable to fulfill his duties, his obligations are assumed by the Vice-President! The ambassador calls Wintergreen a genius, and Throttlebottom is ecstatic as they pass Diana over to him. Servants wheel a large bed into the room, where Mary sits with the babies. Wintergreen leads everyone in proclaiming, "Of Thee I Sing." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Casts">Casts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Casts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" border="1"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>Original Broadway (1931)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>National Tour (1932)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Broadway Revival (1933)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Broadway Revival (1952)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>New York Concert (1987)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Encores! Production (2006)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>John P. Wintergreen</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Gaxton" title="William Gaxton">William Gaxton</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Shaw" title="Oscar Shaw">Oscar Shaw</a> </td> <td>William Gaxton </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Carson" title="Jack Carson">Jack Carson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Larry_Kert" title="Larry Kert">Larry Kert</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Victor_Garber" title="Victor Garber">Victor Garber</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Mary Turner</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lois_Moran" title="Lois Moran">Lois Moran</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Harriette_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Harriette Lake">Harriette Lake</a> </td> <td>Betty Oakes </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maureen_McGovern" title="Maureen McGovern">Maureen McGovern</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Laura_Thompson" title="Jennifer Laura Thompson">Jennifer Laura Thompson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Diana Devereaux</b> </td> <td>Grace Brinkley </td> <td>Roberta Robinson </td> <td>Betty Allen </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lenore_Lonergan" title="Lenore Lonergan">Lenore Lonergan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paige_O%27Hara" title="Paige O'Hara">Paige O'Hara</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Powers" title="Jenny Powers">Jenny Powers</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Alexander Throttlebottom</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Victor_Moore" title="Victor Moore">Victor Moore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Meek" title="Donald Meek">Donald Meek</a> </td> <td>Victor Moore </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hartman" title="Paul Hartman">Paul Hartman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Gilford" title="Jack Gilford">Jack Gilford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Mays" title="Jefferson Mays">Jefferson Mays</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Senator Robert F. Lyons</b> </td> <td>George E. Mack </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francis_Pierlot" title="Francis Pierlot">Francis Pierlot</a> </td> <td>George E. Mack </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Foster_(actor)" title="Donald Foster (actor)">Donald Foster</a> </td> <td>Walter Hook </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Freeman_(actor)" title="Jonathan Freeman (actor)">Jonathan Freeman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Senator Carver Jones</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Robins" title="Edward H. Robins">Edward H. Robins</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Edward H. Robins </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Howard_Freeman" title="Howard Freeman">Howard Freeman</a> </td> <td>Mark Zimmerman </td> <td>Erick Devine </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Matthew Arnold Fulton</b> </td> <td>Dudley Clements </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Lean" title="Cecil Lean">Cecil Lean</a> </td> <td>Dudley Clements </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Loring_Smith" title="Loring Smith">Loring Smith</a> </td> <td>Raymond Thorne </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mulheren" title="Michael Mulheren">Michael Mulheren</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Louis Lippman</b> </td> <td>Sam Mann </td> <td colspan="2">Abe Reynolds </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Simon" title="Robert F. Simon">Robert F. Simon</a> </td> <td>Merwin Goldsmith </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lewis_J._Stadlen" title="Lewis J. Stadlen">Lewis J. Stalden</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>The French Ambassador</b> </td> <td>Florenz Ames </td> <td>Adrian Rosley </td> <td colspan="2">Florenz Ames </td> <td>Jack Dabdoub </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Pittu" title="David Pittu">David Pittu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Francis X. Gilhooney</b> </td> <td>Harold Moffet </td> <td>Willam J. Pringle </td> <td>Harold Moffet </td> <td><a href="/wiki/J._Pat_O%27Malley" title="J. Pat O'Malley">J. Pat O'Malley</a> </td> <td>Frank Kopyc </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Duvall" title="Wayne Duvall">Wayne Duvall</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Sam Jenkins</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">George Murphy</a> </td> <td>Al Sexton </td> <td>George Murphy </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Lucas" title="Jonathan Lucas">Jonathan Lucas</a> </td> <td>George Dvorsky </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeffry_Denman" title="Jeffry Denman">Jeffry Denman</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Songs">Songs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Songs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>Act I</dt></dl> <ul><li>Wintergreen for President* – Ensemble</li> <li>Who is the Lucky Girl to Be? – Diana Devereaux and Ensemble</li> <li>The Dimple on My Knee – Diana, Sam Jenkins and Ensemble</li> <li>Because, Because – Diana, Sam and Ensemble</li> <li>As the Chairman of the Committee – Matthew Arnold Fulton and Company</li> <li>How Beautiful – Company</li> <li>Never Was There a Girl So Fair – Company</li> <li>Some Girls Can Bake a Pie – John P. Wintergreen, Mary Turner and Company</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_is_Sweeping_the_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Love is Sweeping the Country">Love is Sweeping the Country</a> – Sam, Emily Benson and Ensemble</li> <li>Of Thee I Sing – Wintergreen, Mary and Company</li> <li>Here's a Kiss for Cinderella – Wintergreen and Ensemble</li> <li>I Was the Most Beautiful Blossom – Diana</li> <li>Some Girls Can Bake a Pie (Reprise) – Wintergreen, Diana, Judges and Ensemble</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td class="col-break"> <dl><dt>Act II</dt></dl> <ul><li>Hello, Good Morning – Sam, Emily and Secretaries</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Who_Cares%3F_(Gershwin_song)" title="Who Cares? (Gershwin song)">Who Cares?</a> – Wintergreen, Mary and Reporters</li> <li>Garçon, S'il Vous Plaît** – French Soldiers</li> <li>The Illegitimate Daughter – The French Ambassador and Ensemble</li> <li>We'll Impeach Him – Senator Robert E. Lyons, Francis X. Gilhooley and Ensemble</li> <li>Who Cares? (Reprise) – Wintergreen and Mary</li> <li>The (Senatorial) Roll Call – Alexander Throttlebottom and Ensemble</li> <li>Jilted – Diana and Company</li> <li>Who Could Ask for Anything More? – Mary and Company</li> <li>Posterity – Wintergreen and Company</li> <li>Trumpeter, Blow Your Horn – Ensemble</li> <li>Finale – Company</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <dl><dd>*The campaign song "Wintergreen for President" includes parts of folk and patriotic songs such as Sousa's "<a href="/wiki/Stars_and_Stripes_Forever" class="mw-redirect" title="Stars and Stripes Forever">Stars and Stripes Forever</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Hail,_Hail,_the_Gang%27s_All_Here" title="Hail, Hail, the Gang's All Here">Hail, Hail, the Gang's All Here</a>". The song has been adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Band" title="Harvard University Band">Harvard University Band</a> as a pep song, and it is traditionally played at Harvard football games.</dd> <dd>**The music introducing the French and their ambassador includes the opening bars of Gershwin's own "<a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris" title="An American in Paris">An American in Paris</a>".</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musical_and_dramatic_analysis">Musical and dramatic analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Musical and dramatic analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Of Thee I Sing</i> was the most musically sophisticated of the Gershwin shows up to then, inspired by the works of <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_and_Sullivan" title="Gilbert and Sullivan">Gilbert and Sullivan</a><sup id="cite_ref-NYGASP_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYGASP-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and boasting a varied score including extensive recitative, choral commentary, marches, <a href="/wiki/Pastiche" title="Pastiche">pastiches</a>, elaborate contrapuntal passages, and ballads.<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most songs were lengthy and included a large ensemble. As an integrated song-and-story production it produced fewer hit songs than many of the Gershwins' musicals.<sup id="cite_ref-Ish_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ish-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ira Gershwin explained, "In the show there are no verse-and-chorus songs; there is a sort of recitative running along, and lots of finales and finalettos."<sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ira Gershwin recalled that the title song, inspired by the final phrase of "<a href="/wiki/My_Country,_%27Tis_of_Thee" title="My Country, 'Tis of Thee">My Country, 'Tis of Thee</a>", was somewhat controversial among the production staff. "When we first played this sentimental political campaign song... there were objectors who thought that juxtaposing the dignified 'of thee I sing' with a slangy 'baby' was going a bit too far. Our response was that, naturally, we'd replace it with something else if the paying audience didn't take to it. Opening night, and even weeks later, one could hear a continuous 'Of thee I sing, baby!' in the lobby at intermission time."<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The music was "employed throughout in what was unquestionably the most closely integrated manner of any Broadway show to that time... Almost everything...was created with a skill that had rarely been equaled in the musical comedy theatre."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Of Thee I Sing</i> was the first American musical with a consistently satirical tone.<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Congress, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a>, the presidency, and the democratic process itself were all targets of this satire, prompting original stars William Gaxton and Victor Moore to wonder if they would face government repercussions for their portrayals of President Wintergreen and Vice President Throttlebottom.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specific political parties are not identified in the musical, as Kaufman and Ryskind believed that absurdity was bipartisan in Depression-era politics.<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Productions">Productions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Productions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> production, directed by Kaufman, opened at the <a href="/wiki/Music_Box_Theatre" title="Music Box Theatre">Music Box Theatre</a> on December 26, 1931, and ran for 441 performances.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cast included <a href="/wiki/William_Gaxton" title="William Gaxton">William Gaxton</a> as John P. Wintergreen, <a href="/wiki/Lois_Moran" title="Lois Moran">Lois Moran</a> as Mary Turner, Grace Brinkley as Diana Devereaux, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Moore" title="Victor Moore">Victor Moore</a> as Alexander Throttlebottom, and <a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">George Murphy</a> as Sam Jenkins. It was produced by <a href="/wiki/Sam_H._Harris" title="Sam H. Harris">Sam H. Harris</a>. Sets were designed by <a href="/wiki/Jo_Mielziner" title="Jo Mielziner">Jo Mielziner</a>, costumes by Carles LeMaire, and dances staged by Georgie Hale.<sup id="cite_ref-Richards_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richards-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was Gaxton and Moore's first comedic pairing; they would collaborate on six more Broadway musicals, including <i><a href="/wiki/Anything_Goes" title="Anything Goes">Anything Goes</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The orchestrations were by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Russell_Bennett" title="Robert Russell Bennett">Robert Russell Bennett</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Merrigan_Daly" title="William Merrigan Daly">William Daly</a> (including the "Overture"), and Gershwin ("Hello, Good Morning"). <i>Of Thee I Sing</i> was the longest-running Gershwin show during George Gershwin's lifetime. </p><p>There were Broadway revivals in 1933 at the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Theatre_(Broadway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Theatre (Broadway)">Imperial Theatre</a> and in 1952 at the <a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1927)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1927)">Ziegfeld Theatre</a>, both directed by Kaufman. A concert production of <i>Of Thee I Sing</i> was mounted by Ian Marshall Fisher's <a href="/wiki/Lost_Musicals" title="Lost Musicals">Lost Musicals</a> series at the <a href="/wiki/Barbican_Centre" title="Barbican Centre">Barbican Centre</a> in London in August 1996. Fisher's series examines the Gershwins' lesser known works (as well as others) and has been based at London's <a href="/wiki/Royal_Opera_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Opera House">Royal Opera House</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sadler%27s_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadler's Wells">Sadler's Wells</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The musical was presented in 1990 by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Gilbert_and_Sullivan_Players" title="New York Gilbert and Sullivan Players">New York Gilbert and Sullivan Players</a><sup id="cite_ref-NYGASP_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYGASP-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in May 2006 as part of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Center" title="New York City Center">New York City Center</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Encores!" title="Encores!">Encores!</a></i> staged concert series. Directed by <a href="/wiki/John_Rando" title="John Rando">John Rando</a> and choreographed by <a href="/wiki/Randy_Skinner" title="Randy Skinner">Randy Skinner</a>, the cast starred <a href="/wiki/Victor_Garber" title="Victor Garber">Victor Garber</a> as Wintergreen, <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Mays" title="Jefferson Mays">Jefferson Mays</a> as Throttlebottom, and <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Laura_Thompson" title="Jennifer Laura Thompson">Jennifer Laura Thompson</a> as First Lady.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was revived in July 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Festival_Hall" title="Royal Festival Hall">Royal Festival Hall</a>, London, by producer Ollie Rosenblatt as a full musical with orchestra. Devereaux was played by <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Waddingham" title="Hannah Waddingham">Hannah Waddingham</a>, Wintergreen by <a href="/wiki/Hadley_Fraser" title="Hadley Fraser">Hadley Fraser</a>, and Throttlebottom by Tom Edden. The Royal Philharmonic Concert Orchestra provided a new orchestration for the piece.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In September 2015 the Sqabbalogic theatre company and <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Philharmonia_Choirs" title="Sydney Philharmonia Choirs">Sydney Philharmonia Choirs</a> presented the musical in the Concert Hall, <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Opera_House" title="Sydney Opera House">Sydney Opera House</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adaptations">Adaptations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A television version was produced in 1972 by <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, mostly starring actors then appearing in CBS series, including <a href="/wiki/Carroll_O%27Connor" title="Carroll O'Connor">Carroll O'Connor</a> as President Wintergreen.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/National_Radio_Theater" title="National Radio Theater">National Radio Theater</a> version starring <a href="/wiki/John_Cullum" title="John Cullum">John Cullum</a> was broadcast by <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> in 1984 and the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> in 1984 and 1992.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the 1930s, the <a href="/wiki/Marx_Brothers" title="Marx Brothers">Marx Brothers</a> had intended to produce a film adaptation of the musical, but they decided to make <i><a href="/wiki/Duck_Soup_(1933_film)" title="Duck Soup (1933 film)">Duck Soup</a></i> instead. Many scholars draw parallels between <i>Of Thee I Sing</i> and <i>Duck Soup</i>, suggesting that the musical helped provide inspiration for that Marx Brothers classic.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A musical sequel to <i>Of Thee I Sing</i> was written by the same team: <i><a href="/wiki/Let_%27Em_Eat_Cake" title="Let 'Em Eat Cake">Let 'Em Eat Cake</a></i> was produced on Broadway in 1933, reusing some of the music from its predecessor. However, the sequel was a critical and box-office failure.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <i>Let 'Em Eat Cake</i> marked the last Broadway musical written by the Gershwins (counting <i><a href="/wiki/Porgy_and_Bess" title="Porgy and Bess">Porgy and Bess</a></i> as an opera rather than a musical). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_reception">Critical reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Critical reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Brooks_Atkinson" title="Brooks Atkinson">Brooks Atkinson</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i> called the musical "a brisk musical comedy", writing that "There is dancing, both routine and inventive. There are lyrics done in Ira Gershwin's neatest style...Best of all, there is Mr. Gershwin's score. Whether it is satire, wit, doggerel or fantasy, Mr. Gershwin pours music out in full measure and in many voices. Although the book is lively, Mr. Gershwin is exuberant."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1932, <i>Of Thee I Sing</i> became the first musical to win the Pulitzer Prize for drama.<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1932 Pulitzer Prize Committee stated, "<i>Of Thee I Sing</i> is not only coherent and well-knit enough to class as a play, but it is a biting and true satire on American politics and the public attitude towards them.... The play is genuine and it is felt the Pulitzer Prize could not serve a better purpose than to recognize such work.<sup id="cite_ref-Kantor_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prize was awarded only to Kaufman, Ryskind and Ira Gershwin; George Gershwin received no recognition, since the Pulitzer Prize was considered a literary award. In 1998, at the centennial of his birth, he was posthumously awarded an honorary Pulitzer.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloom_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his <i>New York Times</i> review of the 2006 concert revival, Charles Isherwood called <i>Of Thee I Sing</i> "a trenchant little musical satire... the laughter that greets the show today is tinged with surprise at how eerily some of its jokes seem to take precise aim, from decades back, at current affairs. A chorus of reporters sings to the new president of the '17 vacations you have had since you've been here.' A politician dismisses <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>'s pronouncement about not being able to fool all of the people all the time by remarking: 'It's different nowadays. People are bigger suckers.' ...it serves as a sigh-inducing argument for the enduring follies of American politics."<sup id="cite_ref-Ish_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ish-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Dietz-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dietz_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dietz_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDan_Dietz2018" class="citation book cs1">Dan Dietz (2018). "Of Thee I Sing". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L0hNDwAAQBAJ&q=The+Complete+Book+of+1930s+Broadway+Musicals"><i>The Complete Book of 1930s Broadway Musicals</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. pp. 180–182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781538102770" title="Special:BookSources/9781538102770"><bdi>9781538102770</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Of+Thee+I+Sing&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Book+of+1930s+Broadway+Musicals&rft.pages=180-182&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781538102770&rft.au=Dan+Dietz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL0hNDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DThe%2BComplete%2BBook%2Bof%2B1930s%2BBroadway%2BMusicals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kantor-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantor_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kantor and Maslon, pp. 139-41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bloom-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloom_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bloom and Vlastnik, pp. 228-29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovrtur.com/production/2881373/credits">"Credits for Of Thee I Sing (Original Broadway Production, 1931) | Ovrtur"</a>. <i>ovrtur.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ovrtur.com&rft.atitle=Credits+for+Of+Thee+I+Sing+%28Original+Broadway+Production%2C+1931%29+%7C+Ovrtur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fovrtur.com%2Fproduction%2F2881373%2Fcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovrtur.com/production/2900428/credits">"Credits for Of Thee I Sing (National Tour, 1932) | Ovrtur"</a>. <i>ovrtur.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ovrtur.com&rft.atitle=Credits+for+Of+Thee+I+Sing+%28National+Tour%2C+1932%29+%7C+Ovrtur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fovrtur.com%2Fproduction%2F2900428%2Fcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovrtur.com/production/2892829/credits">"Credits for Of Thee I Sing (Broadway Return Engagement, 1933) | Ovrtur"</a>. <i>ovrtur.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ovrtur.com&rft.atitle=Credits+for+Of+Thee+I+Sing+%28Broadway+Return+Engagement%2C+1933%29+%7C+Ovrtur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fovrtur.com%2Fproduction%2F2892829%2Fcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovrtur.com/production/2883657/credits">"Credits for Of Thee I Sing (Broadway Revival, 1952) | Ovrtur"</a>. <i>ovrtur.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ovrtur.com&rft.atitle=Credits+for+Of+Thee+I+Sing+%28Broadway+Revival%2C+1952%29+%7C+Ovrtur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fovrtur.com%2Fproduction%2F2883657%2Fcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovrtur.com/production/2883660/credits">"Credits for Of Thee I Sing (New York Concert, 1987) | Ovrtur"</a>. <i>ovrtur.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ovrtur.com&rft.atitle=Credits+for+Of+Thee+I+Sing+%28New+York+Concert%2C+1987%29+%7C+Ovrtur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fovrtur.com%2Fproduction%2F2883660%2Fcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovrtur.com/production/2897226/credits">"Credits for Of Thee I Sing (Encores! Concert, 2006) | Ovrtur"</a>. <i>ovrtur.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ovrtur.com&rft.atitle=Credits+for+Of+Thee+I+Sing+%28Encores%21+Concert%2C+2006%29+%7C+Ovrtur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fovrtur.com%2Fproduction%2F2897226%2Fcredits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYGASP-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYGASP_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYGASP_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Holden, Stephen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/03/theater/reviews-music-gilbert-and-sullivan-yield-to-gershwin-and-ryskind.html?n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fT%2fTheater">"Reviews/Music; Gilbert and Sullivan Yield to Gershwin and Ryskind"</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, April 3, 1990, accessed December 26, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ish-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ish_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ish_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Isherwood, Charles. "City Center's Encores! Presents <i>Of Thee I Sing</i>", <i>The New York Times</i>, 13 May 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green, Stanley. "The World of Musical Comedy" (1984). Da Capo Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-306-80207-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-306-80207-4">0-306-80207-4</a>, p. 95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Richards-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Richards_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richards, p. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lostmusicals.org/">History and Past Productions of "Lost Musicals"</a> lostmusicals.org, retrieved January 1, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Simonson,_Robert" class="mw-redirect" title="Simonson, Robert">Simonson, Robert</a>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbill.com/news/article/99627-Love-Is-Sweeping-the-Country-Encores!-Of-Thee-I-Sing-With-Victor-Garber-Plays-City-Center-May-11-15.html">"Love Is Sweeping the Country: Encores! <i>Of Thee I Sing</i>, With Victor Garber, Plays City Center May 11–15"</a>, <i>Playbill</i>, May 11, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0218483/">"Of Thee I Sing"</a> – via www.imdb.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Of+Thee+I+Sing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0218483%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bader, Robert S. "Four of the Three Musketeers" (2016). Northwestern University Press. p. 367-370, 373, 382</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Atkinson, Brooks. "The Play", <i>The New York Times</i>, December 28, 1931, p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Pulitzered 'Succeed' Is 2d Musical In 3 Seasons To Clean-Sweep Awards". <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i>. May 9, 1962. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Pulitzered+%27Succeed%27+Is+2d+Musical+In+3+Seasons+To+Clean-Sweep+Awards&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1962-05-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOf+Thee+I+Sing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bloom, Ken and Vlastnik, Frank. <i>Broadway Musicals: The 101 Greatest Shows of all Time</i>. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57912-390-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-57912-390-2">1-57912-390-2</a></li> <li>Kantor, Michael and <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Maslon" title="Laurence Maslon">Maslon, Laurence</a>. Broadway: The American Musical. New York:Bullfinch Press, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8212-2905-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8212-2905-2">0-8212-2905-2</a></li> <li>Richards, Stanley. <i>Ten Great Musicals of the American Theatre</i>. Radnor, Pennsylvania: Chilton Book Company, 1973.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Of_Thee_I_Sing&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-show/6662"><i>Of Thee I Sing</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.concordtheatricals.com/p/2743/of-thee-i-sing">Of Thee I Sing</a></i> at the <a href="/wiki/Concord_(entertainment_company)" title="Concord (entertainment company)">Concord Theatricals</a> website</li> <li><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Of_Thee_I_Sing_(Gershwin,_George)" class="extiw" title="scores:Of Thee I Sing (Gershwin, George)">Of Thee I Sing</a>: Scores at the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project" title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ovrtur.com/show/120491">Ovrtur.com Page</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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<li><i><a href="/wiki/Hell-Bent_Fer_Heaven" title="Hell-Bent Fer Heaven">Hell-Bent Fer Heaven</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/They_Knew_What_They_Wanted_(play)" title="They Knew What They Wanted (play)">They Knew What They Wanted</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Craig%27s_Wife" title="Craig's Wife">Craig's Wife</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Abraham%27s_Bosom" title="In Abraham's Bosom">In Abraham's Bosom</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strange_Interlude" title="Strange Interlude">Strange Interlude</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Street_Scene_(play)" title="Street Scene (play)">Street Scene</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Pastures" title="The Green Pastures">The Green Pastures</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alison%27s_House" title="Alison's House">Alison's House</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Of Thee I Sing</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Both_Your_Houses" title="Both Your Houses">Both Your Houses</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_in_White_(play)" title="Men in White (play)">Men in White</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Maid_(play)" title="The Old Maid (play)">The Old Maid</a></i> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idiot%27s_Delight_(play)" title="Idiot's Delight (play)">Idiot's Delight</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Can%27t_Take_It_with_You_(play)" title="You Can't Take It with You (play)">You Can't Take It with You</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Town" title="Our Town">Our Town</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abe_Lincoln_in_Illinois_(play)" title="Abe Lincoln in Illinois (play)">Abe Lincoln in Illinois</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Time_of_Your_Life" title="The Time of Your Life">The Time of Your Life</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/There_Shall_Be_No_Night" title="There Shall Be No Night">There Shall Be No Night</a></i> (1941)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Skin_of_Our_Teeth" title="The Skin of Our Teeth">The Skin of Our Teeth</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvey_(play)" title="Harvey (play)">Harvey</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union_(play)" title="State of the Union (play)">State of the Union</a></i> (1946)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Streetcar_Named_Desire" title="A Streetcar Named Desire">A Streetcar Named Desire</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman" title="Death of a Salesman">Death of a Salesman</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_(musical)" title="South Pacific (musical)">South Pacific</a></i> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png/60px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png/90px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png/120px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png 2x" data-file-width="1114" data-file-height="1110" /></a></span><br /><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png/60px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png/90px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png/120px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png 2x" data-file-width="1115" data-file-height="1101" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrike_(play)" title="The Shrike (play)">The Shrike</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picnic_(play)" title="Picnic (play)">Picnic</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Teahouse_of_the_August_Moon_(play)" title="The Teahouse of the August Moon (play)">The Teahouse of the August Moon</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cat_on_a_Hot_Tin_Roof" title="Cat on a Hot Tin Roof">Cat on a Hot Tin Roof</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frank_(play)" title="The Diary of Anne Frank (play)">The Diary of Anne Frank</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Long_Day%27s_Journey_into_Night" title="Long Day's Journey into Night">Long Day's Journey into Night</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Look_Homeward,_Angel_(play)" title="Look Homeward, Angel (play)">Look Homeward, Angel</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J.B._(play)" title="J.B. (play)">J.B.</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiorello!" title="Fiorello!">Fiorello!</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Way_Home_(play)" title="All the Way Home (play)">All the Way Home</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Succeed_in_Business_Without_Really_Trying_(musical)" title="How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (musical)">How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Subject_Was_Roses" title="The Subject Was Roses">The Subject Was Roses</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Delicate_Balance_(play)" title="A Delicate Balance (play)">A Delicate Balance</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_White_Hope" title="The Great White Hope">The Great White Hope</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Place_to_Be_Somebody" title="No Place to Be Somebody">No Place to Be Somebody</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Effect_of_Gamma_Rays_on_Man-in-the-Moon_Marigolds" title="The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds">The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/That_Championship_Season" title="That Championship Season">That Championship Season</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seascape_(play)" title="Seascape (play)">Seascape</a></i> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Chorus_Line" title="A Chorus Line">A Chorus Line</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_Box" title="The Shadow Box">The Shadow Box</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gin_Game" title="The Gin Game">The Gin Game</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buried_Child" title="Buried Child">Buried Child</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Talley%27s_Folly" title="Talley's Folly">Talley's Folly</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Heart" title="Crimes of the Heart">Crimes of the Heart</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Soldier%27s_Play" title="A Soldier's Play">A Soldier's Play</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%27night,_Mother" title="'night, Mother">'night, Mother</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glengarry_Glen_Ross" title="Glengarry Glen Ross">Glengarry Glen Ross</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_in_the_Park_with_George" title="Sunday in the Park with George">Sunday in the Park with George</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fences_(play)" title="Fences (play)">Fences</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Driving_Miss_Daisy_(play)" title="Driving Miss Daisy (play)">Driving Miss Daisy</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Heidi_Chronicles" title="The Heidi Chronicles">The Heidi Chronicles</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Piano_Lesson" title="The Piano Lesson">The Piano Lesson</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lost_in_Yonkers" title="Lost in Yonkers">Lost in Yonkers</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kentucky_Cycle" title="The Kentucky Cycle">The Kentucky Cycle</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_America" title="Angels in America">Angels in America: Millennium Approaches</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Tall_Women" title="Three Tall Women">Three Tall Women</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Man_from_Atlanta" title="The Young Man from Atlanta">The Young Man from Atlanta</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rent_(musical)" title="Rent (musical)">Rent</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_I_Learned_to_Drive" title="How I Learned to Drive">How I Learned to Drive</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wit_(play)" title="Wit (play)">Wit</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dinner_with_Friends" title="Dinner with Friends">Dinner with Friends</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–2025</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Proof_(play)" title="Proof (play)">Proof</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Topdog/Underdog" title="Topdog/Underdog">Topdog/Underdog</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anna_in_the_Tropics" title="Anna in the Tropics">Anna in the Tropics</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_My_Own_Wife" title="I Am My Own Wife">I Am My Own Wife</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doubt:_A_Parable" title="Doubt: A Parable">Doubt: A Parable</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_Hole_(play)" title="Rabbit Hole (play)">Rabbit Hole</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/August:_Osage_County" title="August: Osage County">August: Osage County</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ruined_(play)" title="Ruined (play)">Ruined</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Next_to_Normal" title="Next to Normal">Next to Normal</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clybourne_Park" title="Clybourne Park">Clybourne Park</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Water_by_the_Spoonful" title="Water by the Spoonful">Water by the Spoonful</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Disgraced" title="Disgraced">Disgraced</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Flick" title="The Flick">The Flick</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Between_Riverside_and_Crazy" title="Between Riverside and Crazy">Between Riverside and Crazy</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweat_(play)" title="Sweat (play)">Sweat</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cost_of_Living_(play)" title="Cost of Living (play)">Cost of Living</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fairview_(play)" title="Fairview (play)">Fairview</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Strange_Loop" title="A Strange Loop">A Strange Loop</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hot_Wing_King" title="The Hot Wing King">The Hot Wing King</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fat_Ham" title="Fat Ham">Fat Ham</a></i> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/English_(play)" title="English (play)">English</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Primary_Trust" title="Primary Trust">Primary Trust</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="George_and_Ira_Gershwin_musicals,_operas_and_films" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gershwins" title="Template:Gershwins"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gershwins" title="Template talk:Gershwins"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gershwins" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gershwins"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="George_and_Ira_Gershwin_musicals,_operas_and_films" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ira_Gershwin" title="Ira Gershwin">Ira Gershwin</a> <a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">musicals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">operas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">films</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Together</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Maid" title="A Dangerous Maid">A Dangerous Maid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Primrose_(musical)" title="Primrose (musical)">Primrose</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady,_Be_Good_(musical)" title="Lady, Be Good (musical)">Lady, Be Good!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tell_Me_More_(musical)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tell Me More (musical) (page does not exist)">Tell Me More</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tip-Toes" title="Tip-Toes">Tip-Toes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oh,_Kay!" title="Oh, Kay!">Oh, Kay!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strike_Up_the_Band_(musical)" title="Strike Up the Band (musical)">Strike Up the Band</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Funny_Face_(musical)" title="Funny Face (musical)">Funny Face</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosalie_(musical)" title="Rosalie (musical)">Rosalie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Girl" title="Treasure Girl">Treasure Girl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Show_Girl_(1929_musical)" title="Show Girl (1929 musical)">Show Girl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Girl_Crazy" title="Girl Crazy">Girl Crazy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Delicious_(1931_film)" title="Delicious (1931 film)">Delicious</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Of Thee I Sing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pardon_My_English" title="Pardon My English">Pardon My English</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Let_%27Em_Eat_Cake" title="Let 'Em Eat Cake">Let 'Em Eat Cake</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Porgy_and_Bess" title="Porgy and Bess">Porgy and Bess</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shall_We_Dance_(1937_film)" title="Shall We Dance (1937 film)">Shall We Dance</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Damsel_in_Distress_(1937_film)" title="A Damsel in Distress (1937 film)">A Damsel in Distress</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Goldwyn_Follies" title="The Goldwyn Follies">The Goldwyn Follies</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shocking_Miss_Pilgrim" title="The Shocking Miss Pilgrim">The Shocking Miss Pilgrim</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">George</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/La_La_Lucille" title="La La Lucille">La La Lucille</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morris_Gest_Midnight_Whirl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morris Gest Midnight Whirl (page does not exist)">Morris Gest Midnight Whirl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_White%27s_Scandals" title="George White's Scandals">George White's Scandals</a> (1920–1924, including <a href="/wiki/Blue_Monday_(opera)" title="Blue Monday (opera)">Blue Monday</a>)</i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Our_Nell_(Gershwin)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Our Nell (Gershwin) (page does not exist)">Our Nell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Rainbow_(musical)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Rainbow (musical) (page does not exist)">The Rainbow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sweet_Little_Devil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sweet Little Devil (page does not exist)">Sweet Little Devil</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Song_of_the_Flame" title="Song of the Flame">Song of the Flame</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ira</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Two_Little_Girls_in_Blue" title="Two Little Girls in Blue">Two Little Girls in Blue</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Be_Yourself_(musical)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Be Yourself (musical) (page does not exist)">Be Yourself</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_a_Good_Girl" title="That's a Good Girl">That's a Good Girl</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Life_Begins_at_8:40" title="Life Begins at 8:40">Life Begins at 8:40</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Follies_of_1936" title="Ziegfeld Follies of 1936">Ziegfeld Follies of 1936</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_in_the_Dark" title="Lady in the Dark">Lady in the Dark</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_North_Star_(1943_film)" title="The North Star (1943 film)">The North Star</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cover_Girl_(film)" title="Cover Girl (film)">Cover Girl</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Firebrand_of_Florence" title="The Firebrand of Florence">The Firebrand of Florence</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Where_Do_We_Go_from_Here%3F_(1945_film)" title="Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film)">Where Do We Go from Here?</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_(musical)" title="Park Avenue (musical)">Park Avenue</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Barkleys_of_Broadway" title="The Barkleys of Broadway">The Barkleys of Broadway</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Star_Is_Born_(1954_film)" title="A Star Is Born (1954 film)">A Star Is Born</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Country_Girl_(1954_film)" title="The Country Girl (1954 film)">The Country Girl</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">repurposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_in_Blue_(film)" title="Rhapsody in Blue (film)">Rhapsody in Blue</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(film)" title="An American in Paris (film)">An American in Paris</a></i> <small>(film)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_One_and_Only_(musical)" title="My One and Only (musical)">My One and Only</a></i> <small>(musical)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crazy_for_You_(musical)" title="Crazy for You (musical)">Crazy for You</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nice_Work_If_You_Can_Get_It_(musical)" title="Nice Work If You Can Get It (musical)">Nice Work If You Can Get It</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_American_in_Paris_(musical)" title="An American in Paris (musical)">An American in Paris</a></i> <small>(musical)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Damsel_in_Distress_(musical)" title="A Damsel in Distress (musical)">A Damsel in Distress</a></i> <small>(musical)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="George_S._Kaufman" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:George_Kaufman" title="Template:George Kaufman"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:George_Kaufman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:George Kaufman (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:George_Kaufman" title="Special:EditPage/Template:George Kaufman"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="George_S._Kaufman" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/George_S._Kaufman" title="George S. Kaufman">George S. Kaufman</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays and musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Some_One_in_the_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Some One in the House">Some One in the House</a></i> (1918)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dulcy_(play)" title="Dulcy (play)">Dulcy</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_the_Ladies_(play)" title="To the Ladies (play)">To the Ladies</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_%2749ers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The '49ers (page does not exist)">The '49ers</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merton_of_the_Movies_(play)" title="Merton of the Movies (play)">Merton of the Movies</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helen_of_Troy,_New_York&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helen of Troy, New York (page does not exist)">Helen of Troy, New York</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Deep_Tangled_Wildwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Deep Tangled Wildwood (page does not exist)">The Deep Tangled Wildwood</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beggar_on_Horseback" title="Beggar on Horseback">Beggar on Horseback</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Be_Yourself_(play)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Be Yourself (play) (page does not exist)">Be Yourself</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minick" title="Minick">Minick</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Butter_and_Egg_Man" title="The Butter and Egg Man">The Butter and Egg Man</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cocoanuts_(musical)" title="The Cocoanuts (musical)">The Cocoanuts</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Good_Fellow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Good Fellow (page does not exist)">The Good Fellow</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Family_(play)" title="The Royal Family (play)">The Royal Family</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Animal_Crackers_(musical)" title="Animal Crackers (musical)">Animal Crackers</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/June_Moon" title="June Moon">June Moon</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Channel_Road&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Channel Road (page does not exist)">The Channel Road</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_in_a_Lifetime_(play)" title="Once in a Lifetime (play)">Once in a Lifetime</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Band_Wagon_(musical)" title="The Band Wagon (musical)">The Band Wagon</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Of Thee I Sing</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dinner_at_Eight_(play)" title="Dinner at Eight (play)">Dinner at Eight</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Let_%27Em_Eat_Cake" title="Let 'Em Eat Cake">Let 'Em Eat Cake</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Tower_(play)" title="The Dark Tower (play)">The Dark Tower</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merrily_We_Roll_Along_(play)" title="Merrily We Roll Along (play)">Merrily We Roll Along</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_(play)" title="First Lady (play)">First Lady</a></i> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stage_Door_(play)" title="Stage Door (play)">Stage Door</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Can%27t_Take_It_with_You_(play)" title="You Can't Take It with You (play)">You Can't Take It with You</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I%27d_Rather_Be_Right" title="I'd Rather Be Right">I'd Rather Be Right</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Invalid" title="The Fabulous Invalid">The Fabulous Invalid</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Way_(play)" title="The American Way (play)">The American Way</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Came_to_Dinner" title="The Man Who Came to Dinner">The Man Who Came to Dinner</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Washington_Slept_Here_(play)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Washington Slept Here (play) (page does not exist)">George Washington Slept Here</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Land_Is_Bright" title="The Land Is Bright">The Land Is Bright</a></i> (1941)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Late_George_Apley_(play)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Late George Apley (play) (page does not exist)">The Late George Apley</a></i> (1944)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Lively_Arts_(play)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seven Lively Arts (play) (page does not exist)">Seven Lively Arts</a></i> (1944)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Pinafore" title="Hollywood Pinafore">Hollywood Pinafore</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bravo!_(play)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bravo! (play) (page does not exist)">Bravo!</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Small_Hours&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Small Hours (page does not exist)">The Small Hours</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fancy_Meeting_You_Again&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fancy Meeting You Again (page does not exist)">Fancy Meeting You Again</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Solid_Gold_Cadillac_(play)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Solid Gold Cadillac (play) (page does not exist)">The Solid Gold Cadillac</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silk_Stockings" title="Silk Stockings">Silk Stockings</a></i> (1955)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicals based on his plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sherry!" title="Sherry!">Sherry!</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merrily_We_Roll_Along_(musical)" title="Merrily We Roll Along (musical)">Merrily We Roll Along</a></i> (1981)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Someone_Must_Pay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Someone Must Pay (page does not exist)">Someone Must Pay</a></i> (1919)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Someone_in_the_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Someone in the House (page does not exist)">Someone in the House</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dulcy_(1923_film)" title="Dulcy (1923 film)">Dulcy</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_the_Ladies_(film)" title="To the Ladies (film)">To the Ladies</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merton_of_the_Movies_(1924_film)" title="Merton of the Movies (1924 film)">Merton of the Movies</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Welcome_Home_(1925_film)" title="Welcome Home (1925 film)">Welcome Home</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beggar_on_Horseback_(film)" title="Beggar on Horseback (film)">Beggar on Horseback</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Butter_and_Egg_Man_(1928_film)" title="The Butter and Egg Man (1928 film)">The Butter and Egg Man</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cocoanuts" title="The Cocoanuts">The Cocoanuts</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Not_So_Dumb" title="Not So Dumb">Not So Dumb</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Animal_Crackers_(1930_film)" title="Animal Crackers (1930 film)">Animal Crackers</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Family_of_Broadway" title="The Royal Family of Broadway">The Royal Family of Broadway</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/June_Moon" title="June Moon">June Moon</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Expert_(1932_film)" title="The Expert (1932 film)">The Expert</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tenderfoot_(film)" title="The Tenderfoot (film)">The Tenderfoot</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Make_Me_a_Star_(film)" title="Make Me a Star (film)">Make Me a Star</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_in_a_Lifetime_(1932_film)" title="Once in a Lifetime (1932 film)">Once in a Lifetime</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dinner_at_Eight_(1933_film)" title="Dinner at Eight (1933 film)">Dinner at Eight</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Scandals" title="Roman Scandals">Roman Scandals</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_with_Two_Faces_(1934_film)" title="The Man with Two Faces (1934 film)">The Man with Two Faces</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Can%27t_Take_It_with_You_(film)" title="You Can't Take It with You (film)">You Can't Take It with You</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Came_to_Dinner_(1942_film)" title="The Man Who Came to Dinner (1942 film)">The Man Who Came to Dinner</a></i> (1942)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films as a director</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Senator_Was_Indiscreet" title="The Senator Was Indiscreet">The Senator Was Indiscreet</a></i> (1947)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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works</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pulitzer_Prize_for_Drama%E2%80%93winning_musicals" title="Category:Pulitzer Prize for Drama–winning musicals">Pulitzer Prize for Drama–winning musicals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Plays_by_George_S._Kaufman" title="Category:Plays by George S. 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