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Ethmoidal infundibulum - Wikipedia

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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:dimgray; color: white">Ethmoidal infundibulum</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray856.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Gray856.png/250px-Gray856.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Gray856.png/375px-Gray856.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Gray856.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="482" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Lateral wall of <a href="/wiki/Nasal_cavity" title="Nasal cavity">nasal cavity</a>; the three <a href="/wiki/Nasal_conchae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasal conchae">nasal conchae</a> have been removed (infundibulum labeled at center top)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>infundibulum ethmoidale</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/06.1.02.027%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A06.1.02.027</a><br /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/02.1.07.017%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A02.1.07.017</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=738">738</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&amp;conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma75769">75769</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">Anatomical terminology</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">&#91;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5404132" class="extiw" title="d:Q5404132">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>ethmoidal infundibulum</b> is a funnel-shaped<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>/slit-like<sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 690">&#58;&#8202;690&#8202;</span></sup>/curved<b><sup id="cite_ref-:022_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></b> opening<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>/passage<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>/space<sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 690">&#58;&#8202;690&#8202;</span></sup>/cleft<b><sup id="cite_ref-:022_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></b> upon the anterosuperior portion of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_nasal_meatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle nasal meatus">middle nasal meatus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (and thus of the lateral wall of<sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Nasal_cavity" title="Nasal cavity">nasal cavity</a><sup id="cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>) at the <a href="/wiki/Hiatus_semilunaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiatus semilunaris">hiatus semilunaris</a><b><sup id="cite_ref-:022_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2244_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2244-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></b> (which represents the medial extremity of the infundibulum<sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>). The <a href="/wiki/Anterior_ethmoidal_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior ethmoidal cells">anterior ethmoidal air cells</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><b><sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 612">&#58;&#8202;612&#8202;</span></sup></b> and (usually<sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 612, 690">&#58;&#8202;612, 690&#8202;</span></sup>) the <a href="/wiki/Frontonasal_duct" title="Frontonasal duct">frontonasal duct</a> (which drains the <a href="/wiki/Frontal_sinus" title="Frontal sinus">frontal sinus</a><sup id="cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 690">&#58;&#8202;690&#8202;</span></sup> open into the ethmoidal infundibulum.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The ethmoidal infundibulum extends anterosuperiorly from its opening into the nasal cavity.<b><sup id="cite_ref-:022_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 612">&#58;&#8202;612&#8202;</span></sup></b> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anatomy">Anatomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethmoidal_infundibulum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Anatomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ethmoidal infundibulum is bordered medially by the <a href="/wiki/Uncinate_process_of_the_ethmoid_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncinate process of the ethmoid bone">uncinate process of the ethmoid bone</a>, and laterally by the orbital plate of the ethmoid bone.<b><sup id="cite_ref-:022_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></b> </p><p>The ethmoid infundibulum leads towards the <a href="/wiki/Maxillary_ostium" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxillary ostium">maxillary hiatus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 690">&#58;&#8202;690&#8202;</span></sup>The <a href="/wiki/Anterior_ethmoidal_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior ethmoidal cells">anterior ethmoidal cells</a> open into the anterior part of the infundibulum.<b><sup id="cite_ref-:02_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></b> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variation">Variation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethmoidal_infundibulum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Variation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The frontonasal duct may or may not drain into the ethmoidal infundibulum - this is determined by the place of attachment of the <a href="/wiki/Uncinate_process_of_the_ethmoid_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncinate process of the ethmoid bone">uncinate process of the ethmoid bone</a>: if the uncinate process is attached to the lateral nasal wall, the frontonasal duct will open directly into the middle nasal meatus; if otherwise, it will drain into the infundibulum.<sup id="cite_ref-:2243_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 690">&#58;&#8202;690&#8202;</span></sup> In slightly over 50% of subjects, it is directly continuous with the frontonasal duct. When the anterior end of the uncinate process fuses with the anterior part of the bulla, however, this continuity is interrupted and the frontonasal duct then drains directly into the anterior end of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_meatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle meatus">middle meatus</a>.<b><sup id="cite_ref-:02_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></b> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethmoidal_infundibulum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Moore-20112-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore-20112_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMooreDalleyAgur2017" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Keith L.; Dalley, Arthur F.; Agur, Anne M. R. (2017). <i>Essential Clinical Anatomy</i> (6th&#160;ed.). Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins. pp.&#160;966–967. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1496347213" title="Special:BookSources/978-1496347213"><bdi>978-1496347213</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Essential+Clinical+Anatomy&amp;rft.pages=966-967&amp;rft.edition=6th&amp;rft.pub=Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-1496347213&amp;rft.aulast=Moore&amp;rft.aufirst=Keith+L.&amp;rft.au=Dalley%2C+Arthur+F.&amp;rft.au=Agur%2C+Anne+M.+R.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEthmoidal+infundibulum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2243-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2243_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStandring2020" class="citation book cs1">Standring, Susan (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1201341621"><i>Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice</i></a> (42nd&#160;ed.). New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-7707-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-7707-4"><bdi>978-0-7020-7707-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1201341621">1201341621</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Gray%27s+Anatomy%3A+The+Anatomical+Basis+of+Clinical+Practice&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.edition=42nd&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1201341621&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7020-7707-4&amp;rft.aulast=Standring&amp;rft.aufirst=Susan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1201341621&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEthmoidal+infundibulum" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:022-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:022_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:022_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:022_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:022_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:022_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinnatamby2011" class="citation book cs1">Sinnatamby, Chummy S. (2011). <i>Last's Anatomy</i> (12th&#160;ed.). Elsevier Australia. p.&#160;374. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7295-3752-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7295-3752-0"><bdi>978-0-7295-3752-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Last%27s+Anatomy&amp;rft.pages=374&amp;rft.edition=12th&amp;rft.pub=Elsevier+Australia&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7295-3752-0&amp;rft.aulast=Sinnatamby&amp;rft.aufirst=Chummy+S.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEthmoidal+infundibulum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infundibulum+ethmoidale">"infundibulum ethmoidale"</a>. <i>TheFreeDictionary.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=TheFreeDictionary.com&amp;rft.atitle=infundibulum+ethmoidale&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com%2Finfundibulum%2Bethmoidale&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEthmoidal+infundibulum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2244-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2244_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStandring2020" class="citation book cs1">Standring, Susan (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1201341621"><i>Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice</i></a> (42th&#160;ed.). New York. p.&#160;683. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-7707-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-7707-4"><bdi>978-0-7020-7707-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1201341621">1201341621</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Gray%27s+Anatomy%3A+The+Anatomical+Basis+of+Clinical+Practice&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=683&amp;rft.edition=42th&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1201341621&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7020-7707-4&amp;rft.aulast=Standring&amp;rft.aufirst=Susan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1201341621&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEthmoidal+infundibulum" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGray1918" class="citation book cs1">Gray, Henry (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anatomyofhumanbo1918gray/page/659/mode/2up?view=theater"><i>Gray's Anatomy</i></a> (20th&#160;ed.). p.&#160;995.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Gray%27s+Anatomy&amp;rft.pages=995&amp;rft.edition=20th&amp;rft.date=1918&amp;rft.aulast=Gray&amp;rft.aufirst=Henry&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanatomyofhumanbo1918gray%2Fpage%2F659%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fview%3Dtheater&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEthmoidal+infundibulum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethmoidal_infundibulum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/atlas/rsa2p6.html">Atlas image: rsa2p6</a> at the University of Michigan Health System</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anatomy_of_the_human_nose" title="Template:Anatomy of the human nose"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anatomy_of_the_human_nose" title="Template talk:Anatomy of the human nose"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anatomy_of_the_human_nose" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anatomy of the human nose"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anatomy_of_the_human_nose" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Human_nose" title="Human nose">Anatomy of the human nose</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External nose</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ala_of_nose" class="mw-redirect" title="Ala of nose">Ala of nose</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nasal_cartilages" title="Nasal cartilages">nasal cartilages</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Septal_nasal_cartilage" title="Septal nasal cartilage">Septal nasal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_nasal_cartilage" title="Lateral nasal cartilage">Lateral nasal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_alar_cartilage" title="Major alar cartilage">Major alar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_alar_cartilage" title="Minor alar cartilage">Minor alar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vomeronasal_cartilage" title="Vomeronasal cartilage">Vomeronasal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_cavity" title="Nasal cavity">Nasal cavity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Openings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasal_vestibule" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasal vestibule">Nasal vestibule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostril" title="Nostril">Nostril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choana" title="Choana">Choana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lateral wall</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasal_concha" title="Nasal concha">Nasal conchae</a>: <a href="/wiki/Supreme_nasal_concha" title="Supreme nasal concha">Supreme nasal concha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_nasal_concha" title="Superior nasal concha">Superior nasal concha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_nasal_concha" title="Middle nasal concha">Middle nasal concha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_nasal_concha" title="Inferior nasal concha">Inferior nasal concha</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasal_meatus" title="Nasal meatus">Nasal meatus</a>: (Supreme</li> <li>superior</li> <li>middle</li> <li>inferior)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sphenoethmoidal_recess" title="Sphenoethmoidal recess">Sphenoethmoidal recess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethmoid_bulla" title="Ethmoid bulla">Ethmoid bulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agger_nasi" title="Agger nasi">Agger nasi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ethmoidal infundibulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semilunar_hiatus" title="Semilunar hiatus">Semilunar hiatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxillary_hiatus" title="Maxillary hiatus">Maxillary hiatus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medial wall</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasal_septum" title="Nasal septum">Nasal septum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vomeronasal_organ" title="Vomeronasal organ">Vomeronasal organ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_mucosa" title="Nasal mucosa">Nasal mucosa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olfactory_mucosa" title="Olfactory mucosa">Olfactory mucosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paranasal_sinuses" title="Paranasal sinuses">Paranasal sinuses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxillary_sinus" title="Maxillary sinus">Maxillary sinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphenoidal_sinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sphenoidal sinus">Sphenoidal sinuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontal_sinus" title="Frontal sinus">Frontal sinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethmoid_sinus" title="Ethmoid sinus">Ethmoid sinus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nasopharynx" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasopharynx">Naso</a>-<a href="/wiki/Pharynx" title="Pharynx">pharynx</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pharyngeal_opening_of_auditory_tube" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube">Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube</a> <ul><li><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg/12px-Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="12" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg/18px-Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg/24px-Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Anatomy" title="Portal:Anatomy">Anatomy</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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