Cos'è Linux?

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stroke="black"/></svg><li class="rh-navigation-link-container"> Cos'è Linux? </li></ul>  <div class="rh-band-header--component" ><h1 class="rh-band-header-hero-headline" >Cos'è Linux?</h1> </div>  <div class="rh-front-matter--component"><div class="rh-front-matter-wrapper" data-rh-layout="inline-horizontal"><div class="rh-front-matter-metadata"><span class="rh-front-matter-metadata-publish-date">Aggiornato 20 marzo 2024 </span><span class="rh-front-matter-metadata-separator">•</span><pfe-readtime class="rh-front-matter-metadata-readtime" for="article-contents" hidden data-rh-hidden="sm">%t minuti (tempo di lettura)</pfe-readtime></div><pfe-clipboard class="rh-front-matter-share" role="button" tabindex="0"><span slot="text">Copia URL</span></pfe-clipboard></div></div>  <div class="rh-card--layout rh-promo-article" data-rh-promo=inline data-rh-border-radius=none data-rh-background="gray" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="fit-content-33" data-rh-border="top-bottom"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" ><p></p><section><div class="dx-container dx-relative"><div class="dx-row dx-justify-center dx-items-center "><div class="dx-col-12 sm:dx-col-7 md:dx-col-10 rhpb-region dx-flex" style="flex-direction:column"><div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-theme="desaturated" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked"><div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left"><header data-rh-layout="stacked" data-rh-theme><div><h1>2024: I trend globali della tecnologia</h1></div></header><p dir="ltr" id="docs-internal-guid-f830d03f-7fff-e5ee-6e5b-985cdaf05c0e"><style type="text/css"></style>Il settore delle tecnologie ha subito una rapida trasformazione, richiedendo alle organizzazioni di rivedere le proprie priorità per le aree di business più importanti. Come negli scorsi 10 anni, continuiamo a condividere le novità del settore. Nel rapporto Global Tech Trends per il 2024, abbiamo evidenziato le 6 priorità di investimento in ambito tecnologico e non tecnologico e 3 ostacoli al progresso.</p></div></div></div><div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-group-footer"><div class="rh-group--layout"><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="buttons-flex-left-end"><span class="rh-cta--component" data-rh-cta-type="primary"><a class="rh-cta-link" href="/it/resources/2024-global-tech-trends-overview?intcmp=7015Y000003szwGQAQ" title="Resoconto analitico: I trend globali della tecnologia, 2024" target="_self" data-analytics-linktype="cta" data-analytics-text="Leggi il resoconto analitico">Leggi il resoconto analitico</a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></div></div></div> </header></section></div> </div> <div class="rh-band--layout" data-rh-content='long-form-article'data-rh-band-collapse='top' data-rh-unique-id="9922751" data-rh-background="white"> <div class="rh-band-container"data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" ><section class="rh-band-main" data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" ><div class="rh-band-content" data-rh-layout="2 8 2" > <pfe-jump-links-nav id="article-nav" autobuild offset="120" sr-text="Vai al paragrafo" ></pfe-jump-links-nav>  <div class="rh-group--layout" id=article-contents data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" > <div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" >  <pfe-jump-links-panel scrolltarget="article-nav" data-rh-layout=tall-stacked data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" >  <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-content-size=xl data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><header class="rh-standard-header--component" ><div class="rh-standard-header-container"><h2 class="rh-standard-header-headline-medium pfe-jump-links-panel__section" id="panoramica" nav-label="Panoramica" >Panoramica</h2></div></header><div class="rh-generic--component" ><p>Linux® è un <a href="/it/topics/open-source/what-is-open-source-1">sistema operativo open source</a>, Il <a href="/it/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux">sistema operativo</a> è il software che gestisce direttamente l'hardware e le risorse di un sistema, come CPU, memoria e <a href="/it/topics/data-storage/software-defined-storage">storage</a>. È il tramite fra le applicazioni e l'hardware e stabilisce tutte le connessioni necessarie fra i vari componenti software e le risorse fisiche che svolgono l'operazione:</p></div></div><div class="rh-group-footer" ><div class="rh-group--layout" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="buttons-flex-left-end" ><span class="rh-cta--component" data-rh-cta-type="primary" ><a class="rh-cta-link" href="/it/services/training/rh024-red-hat-linux-technical-overview" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux Technical Overview" data-analytics-linkType="cta" >Scopri i concetti base di Linux</a></span></div></div></div></div>  <div class="mboxDefault" data-rh-mbox="inline-promo"></div> <script> window.appEventData = window.appEventData || []; window.appEventData.push({ event: "Inline Mbox Rendered", targetInlineMbox: { latest_inline_mbox: { name: "inline-promo-mbox", selector: "[data-rh-mbox='inline-promo']", }, }, __adobe: { target: { "lang": document.documentElement.lang, "taxonomyTopic": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomyTopic), "taxonomyProduct": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomyProduct), "taxonomyPrimaryProduct": document.querySelector('meta[name="taxonomy-primary-product-tid"]')?.content || '', "taxonomySubType": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomySubType), "taxonomyChallenge": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomyChallenge) } } }); </script>  <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-content-size=xl data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><header class="rh-standard-header--component" ><div class="rh-standard-header-container"><h2 class="rh-standard-header-headline-medium pfe-jump-links-panel__section" id="come-funziona" nav-label="Come funziona?" >Come funziona?</h2></div></header><div class="rh-generic--component" ><p>di fatto può essere paragonato al motore di un'automobile. Un motore può funzionare anche da solo, ma diventa un'automobile funzionante solo quando viene connesso alla trasmissione, agli assali e alle ruote. Se il motore non funziona correttamente, lo stesso succede anche per il resto dell'automobile.</p><p><a href="/it/topics/linux">Linux</a> presenta una struttura simile a quella di UNIX, ma si è evoluto in modo da poter essere eseguito su varie tipologie di hardware, dai telefoni ai <a href="/it/blog/red-hat-enterprise-linux-builds-foundation-worlds-fastest-supercomputers">supercomputer</a>. Ogni sistema operativo basato su Linux include il <a href="/it/topics/linux/what-is-the-linux-kernel">kernel Linux</a>, responsabile di gestire le risorse hardware, e una serie di pacchetti software che formano il resto del sistema operativo. Le organizzazioni possono anche scegliere di eseguire il loro sistema operativo Linux su un <a href="/it/topics/linux/linux-server">server Linux</a>.</p><p>Il sistema operativo include alcuni componenti di base comuni, come gli <a href="https://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.en.html">strumenti GNU</a>, che permettono all'utente di <a href="/en/engage/why-linux-management-s-202011190256">gestire le risorse</a> fornite dal kernel, installare software aggiuntivo, configurare le impostazioni relative a prestazioni e sicurezza e molto altro ancora. Tutti questi strumenti si integrano per formare un sistema operativo funzionante. poiché Linux è open source, le combinazioni di componenti software possono variare da una distribuzione di Linux all'altra.</p></div></div><div class="rh-group-footer" ><div class="rh-group--layout" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><span class="rh-cta--component" data-rh-cta-type="secondary" ><a class="rh-cta-link" href="/it/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux" data-analytics-linkType="cta" >Scopri i vantaggi dell'ultima versione di Linux<span aria-hidden="true"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><title>Icon-Red_Hat-Directional-A-Black-RGB</title><path d="M29.74 17.95v-.1a.9.9 0 0 0-.03-.086c-.01-.025-.016-.05-.027-.075a.72.72 0 0 0-.148-.223l-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5a.75.75 0 1 0-1.06 1.06l2.86 2.86 2.86 2.86H7a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h20.19l-2.22 2.223-3.5 3.5a.75.75 0 1 0 1.06 1.06l3.5-3.5 3.5-3.5c.007-.007.01-.016.016-.023a.738.738 0 0 0 .147-.22l.005-.02a.76.76 0 0 0 .045-.236.23.23 0 0 0 .007-.03c0-.017-.008-.032-.01-.05z"/></svg></span></a></span></div></div></div></div>  <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-content-size=xl data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><header class="rh-standard-header--component" ><div class="rh-standard-header-container"><h2 class="rh-standard-header-headline-medium pfe-jump-links-panel__section" id="cosè-la-riga-di-comando" nav-label="Cos'è la riga di comando?" >Cos'è la riga di comando?</h2></div></header><div class="rh-generic--component" ><p>La riga di comando è un accesso diretto al computer, che permette di chiedere al software di effettuare operazioni hardware non eseguibili utilizzando le interfacce utente grafiche (GUI) controllate tramite mouse. </p><p>La riga di comando è disponibile in vari sistemi operativi, sia proprietari che open source, ma in genere è associata a Linux perché, insieme, riga di comando e software open source garantiscono un accesso illimitato al computer.</p><p>Rispetto alle versioni precedenti, l'ultima versione di <a href="/it/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux">Red Hat® Enterprise Linux</a> include molte più funzioni integrate utilizzabili dalla riga di comando. Offre anche console che aggregano tali funzioni in alcuni moduli intuitivi, disponibili all'esterno della riga di comando.</p></div></div><div class="rh-group-footer" ><div class="rh-group--layout" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><span class="rh-cta--component" data-rh-cta-type="secondary" ><a class="rh-cta-link" href="/it/enterprise-linux-8" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - Panoramica" data-analytics-linkType="cta" >Scopri le funzionalità dell'ultima versione<span aria-hidden="true"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><title>Icon-Red_Hat-Directional-A-Black-RGB</title><path d="M29.74 17.95v-.1a.9.9 0 0 0-.03-.086c-.01-.025-.016-.05-.027-.075a.72.72 0 0 0-.148-.223l-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5a.75.75 0 1 0-1.06 1.06l2.86 2.86 2.86 2.86H7a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h20.19l-2.22 2.223-3.5 3.5a.75.75 0 1 0 1.06 1.06l3.5-3.5 3.5-3.5c.007-.007.01-.016.016-.023a.738.738 0 0 0 .147-.22l.005-.02a.76.76 0 0 0 .045-.236.23.23 0 0 0 .007-.03c0-.017-.008-.032-.01-.05z"/></svg></span></a></span></div></div></div></div>   <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-layout="stacked" > <div class="rh-group-header" >  <header class="rh-standard-header--component" > <div class="rh-standard-header-container"> <h3 class="rh-standard-header-headline-small" >Componenti inclusi in Linux</h3> </div> </header> </div> <div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="card-gallery" >   <div class="rh-card--layout " data-rh-content-item data-rh-background="white" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" >    <div class="rh-card-header--component" data-rh-align="left" ><h4 class="rh-card-header-subhead" id="rh-3jy05">Kernel</h4></div>  <div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" > <p>È il componente di base del sistema operativo, senza il quale il sistema operativo non può funzionare. Il kernel gestisce le risorse del sistema e comunica con l'hardware. È responsabile di gestire memoria, processi e file.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="rh-card-footer" >  </footer> </div>   <div class="rh-card--layout " data-rh-content-item data-rh-background="white" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" >    <div class="rh-card-header--component" data-rh-align="left" ><h4 class="rh-card-header-subhead" id="rh-zh88c">Spazio utente di sistema</h4></div>  <div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" > <p>È il livello amministrativo per le attività di sistema, come la configurazione e l'installazione del software. Include la shell, o <a href="/it/command-line-heroes/season-4">riga di comando</a>, i daemon, i processi eseguiti in background e l'ambiente desktop, ovvero l'interfaccia con cui interagisce l'utente.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="rh-card-footer" >  </footer> </div>   <div class="rh-card--layout " data-rh-content-item data-rh-background="white" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" >    <div class="rh-card-header--component" data-rh-align="left" ><h4 class="rh-card-header-subhead" id="rh-8lrm0">Applicazioni</h4></div>  <div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" > <p>Tipo di software che consente di eseguire attività specifiche. Questa categoria include svariati componenti, dagli strumenti desktop ai linguaggi di programmazione, fino alle suite aziendali multiutente. 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Grazie alle funzionalità, all'affidabilità e alla sicurezza costantemente migliorate dagli ingegneri Red Hat, la tua infrastruttura sarà sempre stabile, a prescindere dallo scenario di utilizzo e dal carico di lavoro.</p><p><a href="/it/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a> offre un ambiente operativo standard per tutti i processi dell'azienda in qualsiasi ambito. Permette di eseguire le applicazioni indispensabili per il tuo business in qualsiasi infrastruttura: bare-metal, <a href="/it/topics/virtualization">virtuale</a> e <a href="/it/topics/containers-v1-old">containerizzata</a>, e nel cloud <a href="/it/topics/cloud-computing/what-is-private-cloud-1">pubblico</a> e <a href="/it/topics/cloud-computing/what-is-public-cloud">privato</a>. 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