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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Boshqa tildagi maqolaga oʻting. 39 ta tilda mavjud" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemies_(epidemiologie)" title="Endemies (epidemiologie) – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Endemies (epidemiologie)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AF" title="مرض وافد – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرض وافد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97" title="স্থানিক রোগ – bengal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্থানিক রোগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/End%C3%A8mia" title="Endèmia – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Endèmia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemie" title="Endemie – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Endemie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemie" title="Endemie – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Endemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemic_(epidemiology)" title="Endemic (epidemiology) – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Endemic (epidemiology)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemia" title="Endemia – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Endemia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endeemia" title="Endeemia – estoncha" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Endeemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoncha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemia" title="Endemia – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Endemia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="بیماری بومی – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیماری بومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/End%C3%A9mie" title="Endémie – fransuzcha" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Endémie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransuzcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="אנדמיה – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנדמיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="स्थानिक रोग – hind" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्थानिक रोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hind" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemija" title="Endemija – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Endemija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maladi_andemik" title="Maladi andemik – gaityan" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Maladi andemik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="gaityan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemi_(epidemiologi)" title="Endemi (epidemiologi) – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Endemi (epidemiologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemio" title="Endemio – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Endemio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemia" title="Endemia – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Endemia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E7%97%85" title="風土病 – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="風土病" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" title="Жергілікті ауру – qozoqcha" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жергілікті ауру" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qozoqcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%92%8D%ED%86%A0%EB%B3%91" title="풍토병 – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="풍토병" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эндемия – qirgʻizcha" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эндемия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="qirgʻizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemie_(genaesk%C3%B3nde)" title="Endemie (genaeskónde) – limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Endemie (genaeskónde)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemik_(epidemiologi)" title="Endemik (epidemiologi) – malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Endemik (epidemiologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemie_(geneeskunde)" title="Endemie (geneeskunde) – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Endemie (geneeskunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemi" title="Endemi – norveg-nyunorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Endemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveg-nyunorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemi" title="Endemi – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Endemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemia" title="Endemia – polyakcha" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Endemia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemia" title="Endemia – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Endemia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эндемические заболевания – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эндемические заболевания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemija" title="Endemija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Endemija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemic_(epidemiology)" title="Endemic (epidemiology) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Endemic (epidemiology)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Ендем – serbcha" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ендем" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemi" title="Endemi – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Endemi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemik_(t%C4%B1p)" title="Endemik (tıp) – turk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Endemik (tıp)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ендемія – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ендемія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85" title="地方性流行病 – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地方性流行病" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E5%9C%9F%E7%97%85" title="風土病 – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="風土病" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q506680#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomfazolar"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)" title="Sahifani ko‘rish [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Maqola</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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Koʻpincha atrof-muhitdagi har qanday <a href="/wiki/Kimyoviy_unsur" title="Kimyoviy unsur">kimyoviy element</a> tarkibining keskin yetishmasligi yoki ortiqcha boʻlishi bilan bogʻliq. <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBsimliklar" title="Oʻsimliklar">Oʻsimliklarda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hayvonlar" title="Hayvonlar">hayvonlarda</a> va <a href="/wiki/Odam" title="Odam">odamlarda</a> rivojlanishi mumkin. Masalan, oziq-ovqatda <a href="/wiki/Yod" title="Yod">yod</a> tanqisligi bilan hayvonlar va odamlarda oddiy boʻqoq (endemik zob) paydo boʻladi, <a href="/wiki/Ftor" title="Ftor">ftor</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tish_chirishi" title="Tish chirishi">karies</a>, uning ortiqcha boʻlishi bilan – floroz, tuproqda selenning koʻpligi bilan – zaharli <a href="/wiki/Selen" title="Selen">selen</a> florasining paydo boʻlishi va boshqa koʻplab endemiklar. </p><p>Bundan tashqari, <a href="/wiki/Infeksion_kasalliklar" title="Infeksion kasalliklar">infektsiyalar</a> endemik boʻlishi mumkin, ularning patogenlari doimiy ravishda maʼlum bir hududda yashaydi (saqlanadi) – masalan, <a href="/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston" title="Qozogʻiston">Qozogʻistonda</a> <a href="/wiki/Kemiruvchilar" title="Kemiruvchilar">kemiruvchilar</a> orasida vabo <a href="/wiki/Enzootiya" title="Enzootiya">enzootikasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindiston" title="Hindiston">Hindistonda</a> <a href="/wiki/Vabo" title="Vabo">vabo</a> endemiyasi yoki subtropik <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrikadagi</a> <a href="/wiki/Bezgak" title="Bezgak">bezgak</a>. Kasalliklarning endemikligini yuqumli kasalliklarning oʻxshash, ammo har xil tabiiy oʻchoqlari bilan aralashtirib yubormaslik kerak, maʼlum bir hududda yuqumli qoʻzgʻatuvchining mavjudligining turlararo yoki abiotik mexanizmining evolyutsion kelib chiqishi bilan bogʻliq<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Shvetsiyalik narkolog Niels Bejeruth individual moddalarga qaramlikning tarqalishi bilan bogʻliq endemiyalar haqida gapirdi. Bunday endemiklarga misollar <a href="/wiki/Alkogolizm" title="Alkogolizm">alkogolizm</a> yoki chekish qaramligi boʻlib, u maʼlum mamlakatlar yoki joylarda aholining muhim qismiga taʼsir qiladi. </p><p><b>Endemiklar</b> yoki <b>endemlar</b> (yunoncha ἔndēmos – mahalliy) – har qanday flora, faunaning oʻziga xos tarkibiy qismi. Endemiklarga hayvonlar va oʻsimliklarning turlari, avlodlari, oilalari yoki boshqa taksonlari kiradi, ularning vakillari kichik geografik hudud bilan ifodalangan nisbatan cheklangan hududda yashaydilar [1]. Oʻsimliklar va hayvonlarning endemik turlari cheklanganligi va shuning uchun sonining cheklanganligi sababli koʻpincha Qizil kitoblarga noyob yoki yoʻqolib ketish xavfi ostidagi turlar sifatida kiritilgan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yana_qarang">Yana qarang</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Yana qarang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Yana qarang"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Endemik (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Endemik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropik_kasalliklar" title="Tropik kasalliklar">Tropik kasalliklar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andoza:Epidemiologiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andoza:Epidemiologiya (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Andoza:Epidemiologiya</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Odamlar" class="mw-redirect" title="Odamlar">-demiya</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xayvonlar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xayvonlar (sahifa yaratilmagan)">-zootiya</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBsimliklar" title="Oʻsimliklar">-fitotiya</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>En- </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemik_kasalliklar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Endemik kasalliklar (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Endemiya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enzootiya" title="Enzootiya">Enzootiya</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enfitotiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enfitotiya (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Enfitotiya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Epi- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epidemiya" title="Epidemiya">Epidemiya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epizootiya" title="Epizootiya">Epizootiya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epifitotiya" title="Epifitotiya">Epifitotiya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pan- </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandemiya" title="Pandemiya">Pandemiya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Panzootiya" title="Panzootiya">Panzootiya</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panfitotiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panfitotiya (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Panfitotiya</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biogeokimyo" title="Biogeokimyo">Biogeokimyo</a></li> <li>Biogeotsenologiya</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Endemiya (Endemik kasalliklar)</i> in the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Soviet Encyclopedia (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Great Soviet Encyclopedia</a></i>, 1969–1978 (Russian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnshb.ru/AKDiL/0006/base/RP/001906.shtm">Prirodnaya ochagovost</a> // <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ветеринарный энциклопедический словарь (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Ветеринарный энциклопедический словарь</a> – M.: Sovetskaya ensiklopediya, 1981. – 640 s.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adabiyotlar">Adabiyotlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Adabiyotlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Adabiyotlar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Endemiya // Shervud – Yaya. – M. : Bolshaya rossiyskaya ensiklopediya, 2017. – S. 383. – (Bolshaya rossiyskaya ensiklopediya : [v 35 t.] / gl. red. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, t. 35). – ISBN 978-5-85270-373-6. (Endemiya // Bolshaya rossiyskaya ensiklopediya [Elektronniy resurs]. – 2020.).</li> <li>Endemiya / Sumarokov A. A. // Bolshaya meditsinskaya ensiklopediya : v 30 t. / gl. red. B. V. Petrovskiy. – 3-e izd. – M. : Sovetskaya ensiklopediya, 1986. – T. 28 : Ekonomo – Yaщur. – 544 s. : il.</li> <li>Geoximicheskaya ekologiya / Kovalskiy V. V. // Bolshaya meditsinskaya ensiklopediya : v 30 t. / gl. red. B. V. Petrovskiy. – 3-e izd. – M. : Sovetskaya ensiklopediya, 1977. – T. 5 : Gambuziya – Gipotiazid. – 568 s. : il.</li> <li>Biogeoximicheskoe rayonirovanie / Kovalskiy V. V. // Bolshaya meditsinskaya ensiklopediya : v 30 t. / gl. red. B. V. Petrovskiy. – 3-e izd. – M. : Sovetskaya ensiklopediya, 1976. – T. 3 : Beklemishev – Validol. – 584 s. : il.</li> <li><i>Endemiya (Endemik kasalliklar)</i> in the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Soviet Encyclopedia (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Great Soviet Encyclopedia</a></i>, 1969–1978 (Russian)</li> <li><i>Endemiya (Endemik kasalliklar)</i> in the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Soviet Encyclopedia (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Great Soviet Encyclopedia</a></i>, 1969–1978 (Russian)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnshb.ru/AKDiL/0006/base/R3/000048.shtm">Endemicheskie bolezni</a> // Veterinarniy ensiklopedicheskiy slovar – M.: Sovetskaya ensiklopediya, 1981. – 640 s.</li> <li>Frumer A. L. Epidemicheskie i endemicheskie bolezni // Ensiklopedicheskiy slovar Brokgauza i Yefrona : v 86 t. (82 t. i 4 dop.). – SPb., 1890—1907.</li> <li>Endemiya // Elokvensiya – Yaya. – M. : Sovetskaya ensiklopediya, 1957. – S. 57. – (Bolshaya sovetskaya ensiklopediya : [v 51 t.] / gl. red. B. A. Vvedenskiy ; 1949—1958, t. 49).</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""><pre>"<a dir="ltr" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&oldid=5121555">https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&oldid=5121555</a>" dan olindi </pre></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:Categories" title="Maxsus:Categories">Turkum</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:Biogeografiya" title="Turkum:Biogeografiya">Biogeografiya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:Epidemiologiya" title="Turkum:Epidemiologiya">Epidemiologiya</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Bu sahifa oxirgi marta 2024-yil 6-sentyabr, 19:11 da tahrir qilingan.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Matn <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike litsenziyasi</a> boʻyicha ommalashtirilmoqda, alohida holatlarda qoʻshimcha shartlar amal qilishi mumkin (<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">batafsil</a>).</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Maxfiylik siyosati</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Haqida">Vikipediya haqida</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Mas%CA%BCuliyatdan_voz_kechish">Masʼuliyatdan voz kechish</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Dasturchilar</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/uz.wikipedia.org">Statistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie bayonoti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//uz.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobil versiya</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-9dtxv","wgBackendResponseTime":134,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.024","walltime":"0.036","ppvisitednodes":{"value":88,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":413,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":4,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":945,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 9.856 1 -total"," 68.79% 6.780 3 Andoza:GSEn"," 0.80% 0.079 1 Andoza:Epidemiologiya"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-745f94f9f8-c9ld7","timestamp":"20241120062019","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Endemiya (Endemik kasalliklar)","url":"https:\/\/uz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Endemiya_(Endemik_kasalliklar)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q506680","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q506680","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2022-06-11T17:39:20Z","dateModified":"2024-09-06T19:11:08Z"}</script> </body> </html>