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class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Anastasia Spanou" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/208159130/68226201/56604537/s200_anastasia.spanou.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Anastasia Spanou</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Anastasia" data-follow-user-id="208159130" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span 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active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Anastasia Spanou</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234590"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234590/Design_approaches_for_upgrading_historically_significant_architecture_toward_zero_energy_The_Republic_of_Cyprus_Presidential_Palace"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Design approaches for upgrading historically significant architecture toward zero-energy: The Republic of Cyprus Presidential Palace" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234590/Design_approaches_for_upgrading_historically_significant_architecture_toward_zero_energy_The_Republic_of_Cyprus_Presidential_Palace">Design approaches for upgrading historically significant architecture toward zero-energy: The Republic of Cyprus Presidential Palace</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234590"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" 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new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234590, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234590]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234590,"title":"Design approaches for upgrading historically significant architecture toward zero-energy: The Republic of Cyprus Presidential 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Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234589"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234589/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Discomfort Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128102/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234589/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece">Discomfort Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and humid weather conditions, which are infl...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and humid weather conditions, which are influenced by synoptic circulation patterns. There is no absolute definition of a heat wave; the term varies by region. Extreme events such as heat waves attract scientific attention because of their socio-economical and human health effects. Heat wave studies usually examine thermal conditions and assess human thermal environment using discomfort indices that combine more than two meteorological parameters. Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The hottest day of the summer of 2007 was 26 th June when the maximum temperature recorded in some measuring sites exceeded 45°C. In July heat wave daily maximum temperature was repeatedly recorded above 40°C. During both heat waves the National Health's Operational Centre declared a state of national alert while preventive measures to avoid heat related illnesses were presented through mass media. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index for the greater region of Greece, including Aegean and Ionian Sea regions as well as mainland Greece. One of the thermal indices well suited to characterize human discomfort and widely used is Thom's Discomfort Index (DI). In order to calculate the values of the Discomfort Index (DI) meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and 22-30 July, 2007. The results revealed high values of DI during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity and constant high values of air temperature. During July the calculated DI values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3c9fa9a2f4ed614f89fc8054910d2700" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128102,"asset_id":67234589,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128102/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234589"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234589"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234589; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234589]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234589]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234589; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234589']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234589, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3c9fa9a2f4ed614f89fc8054910d2700" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234589]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234589,"title":"Discomfort Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and humid weather conditions, which are influenced by synoptic circulation patterns. 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The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index for the greater region of Greece, including Aegean and Ionian Sea regions as well as mainland Greece. One of the thermal indices well suited to characterize human discomfort and widely used is Thom's Discomfort Index (DI). In order to calculate the values of the Discomfort Index (DI) meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and 22-30 July, 2007. The results revealed high values of DI during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity and constant high values of air temperature. 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The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index for the greater region of Greece, including Aegean and Ionian Sea regions as well as mainland Greece. One of the thermal indices well suited to characterize human discomfort and widely used is Thom's Discomfort Index (DI). In order to calculate the values of the Discomfort Index (DI) meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and 22-30 July, 2007. The results revealed high values of DI during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity and constant high values of air temperature. During July the calculated DI values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[{"id":78128102,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128102/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_20220105-11110-1mddvz.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128102/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128102/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_20220105-11110-1mddvz.pdf?1641395286=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiscomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913628\u0026Signature=fWY172ENF6-Yw57Zoy9yKiNYdyVBdWFNJWOOxAlbwyTbFgpyjCnSp0pcphpTRVUW3lDRSSdi3GNjHXFDRJF6SI9MlIRYrYaxp9VcfMO~G6aNMQs9BSK3WxEd141mZ88ORk0vkL5eBfGxjVyez8LH5N3KttXsD9e2tm8JqoqCgcPADSrLSv~Yc04u2cPEo6PETxNzWcySGx~sZYRgUMu3jZEJHu0k~QDPSbHqmXQdVFEGQlhmON2yoWf8tOprb~LO2j7nqXICJ4i4~CPmJctAbA~iyjQAOOMngwuglhmZ2W2-4npchgthE6iBuXrskeXFsuFhxd9tEpT5EiKf3RO7XQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234588"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234588/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synoptic conditions during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128107/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234588/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece">Synoptic conditions during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. A key ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. A key feature was the extremely high temperatures and a very large number of devastating forest fires. The entire region experienced four heat wave episodes. Two episodes occurred in June and July, both characterised by long duration and intensity and two others occurred in August. In this paper we attempt to describe the synoptic conditions that prevailed during the two major heat wave episodes. For this purpose we used reanalysis data and model output data obtained from NCEP/NCAR, backtrajectory caclulations performed from ARL, as well as radiosondes data from HNMS. The results reveal the existence of two very strong systems in the upper atmosphere, a low pressure over Great Britain region and a high pressure system over the eastern Mediterranean. The combination of these two systems and the meteorological parameters associated with them has resulted in intense heat wave events in the area of southeastern Europe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="76644eb1ab5d01e4bf0716b3cb148e66" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128107,"asset_id":67234588,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128107/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234588"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234588"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234588; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234588]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234588]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234588; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234588']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234588, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "76644eb1ab5d01e4bf0716b3cb148e66" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234588]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234588,"title":"Synoptic conditions during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. A key feature was the extremely high temperatures and a very large number of devastating forest fires. The entire region experienced four heat wave episodes. Two episodes occurred in June and July, both characterised by long duration and intensity and two others occurred in August. In this paper we attempt to describe the synoptic conditions that prevailed during the two major heat wave episodes. For this purpose we used reanalysis data and model output data obtained from NCEP/NCAR, backtrajectory caclulations performed from ARL, as well as radiosondes data from HNMS. The results reveal the existence of two very strong systems in the upper atmosphere, a low pressure over Great Britain region and a high pressure system over the eastern Mediterranean. The combination of these two systems and the meteorological parameters associated with them has resulted in intense heat wave events in the area of southeastern Europe.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78128107},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234588/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:10.087-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128107,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128107/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave20220105-11110-o78jv1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128107/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128107/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave20220105-11110-o78jv1.pdf?1641395287=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913628\u0026Signature=Of2GpgJYDxT6IzQsvxSDQLWtocbk5AYFnkn8AQbrcUx87Fx0IY2v4ZGIFnqrlTKDcBPVW9qKxCR4FPm2BArsfDks9IVdr1PxOY9EVjaBfM55MjxQ8T1Mkh7c-kXTF8SHQDo2RW6si~VDpwVVThGuZQA3VxGrJY4lYtUHWj8cNIH6jA-LFmnEqH8aVyF-RBes1Hsq-344CNTWvHd0g1d5ubUMYMWKNRBM7GjvNNIM6UM2WXeB8TVi85oxm0JNLlZEihX3xtZMsxHR2vSND-6QR6W5u308f0YThaXsWWHHskwC3nne9ZChWjGSlCG57wR22Vqe6k-R181J5~sBVlHiOg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"el","content_type":"Work","summary":"Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. A key feature was the extremely high temperatures and a very large number of devastating forest fires. The entire region experienced four heat wave episodes. Two episodes occurred in June and July, both characterised by long duration and intensity and two others occurred in August. In this paper we attempt to describe the synoptic conditions that prevailed during the two major heat wave episodes. For this purpose we used reanalysis data and model output data obtained from NCEP/NCAR, backtrajectory caclulations performed from ARL, as well as radiosondes data from HNMS. The results reveal the existence of two very strong systems in the upper atmosphere, a low pressure over Great Britain region and a high pressure system over the eastern Mediterranean. The combination of these two systems and the meteorological parameters associated with them has resulted in intense heat wave events in the area of southeastern Europe.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[{"id":78128107,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128107/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave20220105-11110-o78jv1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128107/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128107/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave20220105-11110-o78jv1.pdf?1641395287=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913628\u0026Signature=Of2GpgJYDxT6IzQsvxSDQLWtocbk5AYFnkn8AQbrcUx87Fx0IY2v4ZGIFnqrlTKDcBPVW9qKxCR4FPm2BArsfDks9IVdr1PxOY9EVjaBfM55MjxQ8T1Mkh7c-kXTF8SHQDo2RW6si~VDpwVVThGuZQA3VxGrJY4lYtUHWj8cNIH6jA-LFmnEqH8aVyF-RBes1Hsq-344CNTWvHd0g1d5ubUMYMWKNRBM7GjvNNIM6UM2WXeB8TVi85oxm0JNLlZEihX3xtZMsxHR2vSND-6QR6W5u308f0YThaXsWWHHskwC3nne9ZChWjGSlCG57wR22Vqe6k-R181J5~sBVlHiOg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234587"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234587/Indoor_air_quality_in_a_metropolitan_area_metro_using_fuzzy_logic_assessment_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Indoor air quality in a metropolitan area metro using fuzzy logic assessment system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234587/Indoor_air_quality_in_a_metropolitan_area_metro_using_fuzzy_logic_assessment_system">Indoor air quality in a metropolitan area metro using fuzzy logic assessment system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in different environmental conditions. The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234587"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234587"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234587; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234587]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234587]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234587; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234587']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234587, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234587]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234587,"title":"Indoor air quality in a metropolitan area metro using fuzzy logic assessment system","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in different environmental conditions. The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS."},"translated_abstract":"According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in different environmental conditions. The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234587/Indoor_air_quality_in_a_metropolitan_area_metro_using_fuzzy_logic_assessment_system","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:10.018-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Indoor_air_quality_in_a_metropolitan_area_metro_using_fuzzy_logic_assessment_system","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in different environmental conditions. The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":4165,"name":"Fuzzy Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fuzzy_Logic"},{"id":22772,"name":"Urban Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Health"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":48044,"name":"Greece","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greece"},{"id":295244,"name":"Indoor air pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_air_pollution"},{"id":649451,"name":"Seasons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasons"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234586"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234586/Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Greece_synoptic_conditions_bioclimatological_assessment_air_quality_levels_and_health_effects_Environ_Res"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat waves observed in 2007 in Athens, Greece: synoptic conditions, bioclimatological assessment, air quality levels and health effects. Environ Res" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128193/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234586/Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Greece_synoptic_conditions_bioclimatological_assessment_air_quality_levels_and_health_effects_Environ_Res">Heat waves observed in 2007 in Athens, Greece: synoptic conditions, bioclimatological assessment, air quality levels and health effects. Environ Res</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Research</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Heat waves are considered to be increasing in frequency and intensity whereas they comprise a sig...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Heat waves are considered to be increasing in frequency and intensity whereas they comprise a significant weather-related cause of deaths in several countries. Two heat waves occurred in Greece in summer 2007. These severe heat waves are assessed by analyzing the prevailing synoptic conditions, evaluating human thermal discomfort, through the Heat Load Index (HL), as well as investigating its interrelation of air pollutant concentrations, and the daily air quality stress index (AQSI), in the greater region of Athens (Attica), Greece. Furthermore, the relation of HL values and the number of heatstroke and heat exhaustion events recorded in public hospitals operating within the Greek National Health System is examined. Data included radiosonde measurements from the Athens airport station (LGAT), NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in order to obtain the position of the Subtropical Jet Stream (STJ), GDAS meteorological data for back-trajectory calculation, 10-min meteorological data from 10 Hydro-Meteorological stations and mean hourly values of nitric dioxide (NO 2), sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and ozone (O 3) concentrations, measured at 7 different sites, for the last 10-day period of June and July 2007. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to observe any possible correlation between HL values and air pollutant concentrations, and AQSI values. The results demonstrated different synoptic characteristics for the heat waves of June and July. In the heat wave of June, higher ambient temperatures were recorded and greater HL values were calculated. Extreme discomfort conditions were identified in both heat waves during both daytime and night-time hours. The air pollution analysis showed poor air quality conditions for the heat wave of July, while a significant correlation was found between HL values and average hourly concentrations of O 3 , NO 2 and SO 2. The number of heataffected patients reported during the June heat wave was larger.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f7ad83cd9f747beda01da328398b808" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128193,"asset_id":67234586,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128193/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234586"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234586; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234586]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234586]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234586; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234586']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234586, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6f7ad83cd9f747beda01da328398b808" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234586]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234586,"title":"Heat waves observed in 2007 in Athens, Greece: synoptic conditions, bioclimatological assessment, air quality levels and health effects. 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Greece Int J Biometerol" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128228/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234585/Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assessment_in_an_industrialized_area_of_eastern_Mediterranean_the_Thriassion_Plain_Greece_Int_J_Biometerol">Biometeorological and air quality assessment in an industrialized area of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain. Greece Int J Biometerol</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Biometeorology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Evidence that heat wave events are associated with poor air quality conditions and health hazards...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Evidence that heat wave events are associated with poor air quality conditions and health hazards has become stronger in recent years. In this study, the impact of two heat wave episodes on human thermal discomfort and air quality is examined during summer 2007, in an industrial plain of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain, Greece. For this purpose, two biometeorological indices-Discomfort Index (DI) and Heat Load (HL)-as well as an air quality index-Air Quality Stress Index (AQSI)-were calculated using data from seven measuring sites. A land-use map was procured in order to examine the effect of different land cover types on human thermal comfort. The results indicated high level of thermal discomfort and increased air pollution levels, while a significant correlation between the DI and the AQSI was identified.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a08e449019aec62a94861d97d97761f6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128228,"asset_id":67234585,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128228/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234585"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234585"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234585; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234585]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234585]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234585; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234585']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234585, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a08e449019aec62a94861d97d97761f6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234585]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234585,"title":"Biometeorological and air quality assessment in an industrialized area of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain. Greece Int J Biometerol","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Evidence that heat wave events are associated with poor air quality conditions and health hazards has become stronger in recent years. In this study, the impact of two heat wave episodes on human thermal discomfort and air quality is examined during summer 2007, in an industrial plain of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain, Greece. For this purpose, two biometeorological indices-Discomfort Index (DI) and Heat Load (HL)-as well as an air quality index-Air Quality Stress Index (AQSI)-were calculated using data from seven measuring sites. A land-use map was procured in order to examine the effect of different land cover types on human thermal comfort. 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The results indicated high level of thermal discomfort and increased air pollution levels, while a significant correlation between the DI and the AQSI was identified.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234585/Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assessment_in_an_industrialized_area_of_eastern_Mediterranean_the_Thriassion_Plain_Greece_Int_J_Biometerol","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:09.828-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128228,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128228/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assess20220105-27178-8g2h1m.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128228/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assess.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128228/Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assess20220105-27178-8g2h1m.pdf?1641395349=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBiometeorological_and_air_quality_assess.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=KrlDpOwbHJw2BYbHaPs6MCN2ysgIMciBq1kQBZEgmNhBZVDZQhhTruJtaXmFZiWFDfE~M-MIeT8BWxBMlyz3vNxkq0ydca~iyl5uRqspph-mwkjZdDauAZ7g7d9wCd127GJ7w-vZ7bfrVdTG1Zv5roC3tONePlQ2kej7pO7gbNFff29WwS-HKzUNlk~nPz6yrE8LPVsIu7iZHAqrKn0HmbxehVxbCa-VgfogaXUSPHD7CCnQCKBsyHs5JMifqoTLJ7r1XDIsU~3uIDyJcRLYVSQpdJ6BpQUDNmOK9qHzKQLOl8eJEuStOl4v8GAVG4ypyaA-cCWcFvmNnx-nSo9zqg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assessment_in_an_industrialized_area_of_eastern_Mediterranean_the_Thriassion_Plain_Greece_Int_J_Biometerol","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Evidence that heat wave events are associated with poor air quality conditions and health hazards has become stronger in recent years. In this study, the impact of two heat wave episodes on human thermal discomfort and air quality is examined during summer 2007, in an industrial plain of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain, Greece. For this purpose, two biometeorological indices-Discomfort Index (DI) and Heat Load (HL)-as well as an air quality index-Air Quality Stress Index (AQSI)-were calculated using data from seven measuring sites. A land-use map was procured in order to examine the effect of different land cover types on human thermal comfort. The results indicated high level of thermal discomfort and increased air pollution levels, while a significant correlation between the DI and the AQSI was identified.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[{"id":78128228,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128228/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assess20220105-27178-8g2h1m.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128228/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assess.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128228/Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assess20220105-27178-8g2h1m.pdf?1641395349=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBiometeorological_and_air_quality_assess.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=KrlDpOwbHJw2BYbHaPs6MCN2ysgIMciBq1kQBZEgmNhBZVDZQhhTruJtaXmFZiWFDfE~M-MIeT8BWxBMlyz3vNxkq0ydca~iyl5uRqspph-mwkjZdDauAZ7g7d9wCd127GJ7w-vZ7bfrVdTG1Zv5roC3tONePlQ2kej7pO7gbNFff29WwS-HKzUNlk~nPz6yrE8LPVsIu7iZHAqrKn0HmbxehVxbCa-VgfogaXUSPHD7CCnQCKBsyHs5JMifqoTLJ7r1XDIsU~3uIDyJcRLYVSQpdJ6BpQUDNmOK9qHzKQLOl8eJEuStOl4v8GAVG4ypyaA-cCWcFvmNnx-nSo9zqg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":896,"name":"Air Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Quality"},{"id":11801,"name":"Environmental Monitoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Monitoring"},{"id":11976,"name":"Air pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_pollution"},{"id":18605,"name":"Biometeorology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biometeorology"},{"id":48044,"name":"Greece","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greece"},{"id":60285,"name":"Atmospheric sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atmospheric_sciences"},{"id":79495,"name":"Land Cover","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Cover"},{"id":85280,"name":"Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industry"},{"id":109291,"name":"Land Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use"},{"id":154596,"name":"Thermal comfort","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_comfort"},{"id":380824,"name":"Ozone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ozone"},{"id":444369,"name":"Humidity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humidity"},{"id":518609,"name":"Particulate Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particulate_Matter"},{"id":549044,"name":"Eastern Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_Mediterranean"},{"id":681573,"name":"Heat Wave","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Wave"},{"id":749302,"name":"Indexation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexation"},{"id":1014147,"name":"Nitrogen Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_Dioxide"},{"id":1327853,"name":"Sulfur Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sulfur_Dioxide"},{"id":1656539,"name":"Air Pollutants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Pollutants"},{"id":2138512,"name":"Air Quality Index","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Quality_Index"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234584"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234584/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat Load Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128106/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234584/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece">Heat Load Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 res...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index (Heat Load-HL) for the entire region of Greece. In order to calculate the values of HL meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and July. The results revealed high values of HL during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity during night-time and constant high values of air temperature during daytime. During July the calculated HL values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7b915575009ca1c9fb6ee5b22a67ae4f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128106,"asset_id":67234584,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128106/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234584"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234584"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234584; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234584]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234584; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234584']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234584, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7b915575009ca1c9fb6ee5b22a67ae4f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234584]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234584,"title":"Heat Load Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index (Heat Load-HL) for the entire region of Greece. In order to calculate the values of HL meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and July. The results revealed high values of HL during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity during night-time and constant high values of air temperature during daytime. During July the calculated HL values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78128106},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234584/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:09.752-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128106,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128106/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w20220105-5645-p9chuw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128106/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128106/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w20220105-5645-p9chuw.pdf?1641395287=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=epuq3jB2Iq23ZsZ7o-ekE57wVS0C4jw6tXrxD1cY8IiIfimKlrIrpfHjaMr7nt2oknIqKcU2cKHsXqZBgIxHTGblABQ3xQwAJVd~fRy~8kAJ0yyMi4RDh3YbtWC4y2ldwxQckRvAhPhds~8xt0F~O~8WDfc18fVbDJrF8ogrqr22nD78Dq91M8qnVAK8vl6MdZOD8JWM4VfnMPWR~FVrbXILuqD3BlP66Q3pWZFXE48hyaCVciR-feq8Iqtrlaga-YeYhs46ByVx-tpM1sgDxvArar~u~~QmkwcdgwZPCj3beLjgt5fusxh3ejwkXEYSu4jNyjZU8O5LkNQy4ZlTxA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index (Heat Load-HL) for the entire region of Greece. In order to calculate the values of HL meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and July. The results revealed high values of HL during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity during night-time and constant high values of air temperature during daytime. During July the calculated HL values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[{"id":78128106,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128106/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w20220105-5645-p9chuw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128106/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128106/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w20220105-5645-p9chuw.pdf?1641395287=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=epuq3jB2Iq23ZsZ7o-ekE57wVS0C4jw6tXrxD1cY8IiIfimKlrIrpfHjaMr7nt2oknIqKcU2cKHsXqZBgIxHTGblABQ3xQwAJVd~fRy~8kAJ0yyMi4RDh3YbtWC4y2ldwxQckRvAhPhds~8xt0F~O~8WDfc18fVbDJrF8ogrqr22nD78Dq91M8qnVAK8vl6MdZOD8JWM4VfnMPWR~FVrbXILuqD3BlP66Q3pWZFXE48hyaCVciR-feq8Iqtrlaga-YeYhs46ByVx-tpM1sgDxvArar~u~~QmkwcdgwZPCj3beLjgt5fusxh3ejwkXEYSu4jNyjZU8O5LkNQy4ZlTxA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234583"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234583/Using_cool_paving_materials_to_improve_microclimate_of_urban_areas_Design_realization_and_results_of_the_flisvos_project"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Using cool paving materials to improve microclimate of urban areas – Design realization and results of the flisvos project" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128089/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234583/Using_cool_paving_materials_to_improve_microclimate_of_urban_areas_Design_realization_and_results_of_the_flisvos_project">Using cool paving materials to improve microclimate of urban areas – Design realization and results of the flisvos project</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The present paper deals with the application of 4500 m2 of reflective pavements in an urban park ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The present paper deals with the application of 4500 m2 of reflective pavements in an urban park in the greater Athens area. The aim was to improve thermal comfort conditions, reduce the intensity of heat island and improve the global environmental quality in the considered area. To our knowledge, this has been the largest application of cool pavements in urban areas in the world. To evaluate the thermal impact of cool paving materials, specific and detailed measurements of the climatic conditions in the park have been performed before and after the installation of the new materials. Validated computerized fluid dynamics techniques have been used to homogenize the boundary conditions occurring during the two experiments and to perform direct comparisons of the climatic quality in the park. It was estimated that the use of cool paving materials contributes to the reduction of the peak ambient temperature during a typical summer day, by up to 1.9 K. At the same time, the surface tempe...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f447480b1d39ab1a9ddbbb7974d9bab4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128089,"asset_id":67234583,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128089/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234583"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234583"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234583; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234583]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234583]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234583; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234583']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234583, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f447480b1d39ab1a9ddbbb7974d9bab4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234583]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234583,"title":"Using cool paving materials to improve microclimate of urban areas – Design realization and results of the flisvos project","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present paper deals with the application of 4500 m2 of reflective pavements in an urban park in the greater Athens area. The aim was to improve thermal comfort conditions, reduce the intensity of heat island and improve the global environmental quality in the considered area. To our knowledge, this has been the largest application of cool pavements in urban areas in the world. To evaluate the thermal impact of cool paving materials, specific and detailed measurements of the climatic conditions in the park have been performed before and after the installation of the new materials. Validated computerized fluid dynamics techniques have been used to homogenize the boundary conditions occurring during the two experiments and to perform direct comparisons of the climatic quality in the park. It was estimated that the use of cool paving materials contributes to the reduction of the peak ambient temperature during a typical summer day, by up to 1.9 K. At the same time, the surface tempe...","ai_title_tag":"Impact of Cool Paving on Urban Microclimate: Flisvos Project Results"},"translated_abstract":"The present paper deals with the application of 4500 m2 of reflective pavements in an urban park in the greater Athens area. The aim was to improve thermal comfort conditions, reduce the intensity of heat island and improve the global environmental quality in the considered area. To our knowledge, this has been the largest application of cool pavements in urban areas in the world. To evaluate the thermal impact of cool paving materials, specific and detailed measurements of the climatic conditions in the park have been performed before and after the installation of the new materials. Validated computerized fluid dynamics techniques have been used to homogenize the boundary conditions occurring during the two experiments and to perform direct comparisons of the climatic quality in the park. It was estimated that the use of cool paving materials contributes to the reduction of the peak ambient temperature during a typical summer day, by up to 1.9 K. 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Measurements of PM 1 and PM 2.5 were made in the outdoor and indoor environment of each NC. The average indoor PM 1 and PM 2.5 ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234582"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234582"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234582; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234582]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234582]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234582; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234582']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234582, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234582]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234582,"title":"Exposure to fine particulate matter in ten night clubs in Athens Greece: Studying the effect of ventilation, cigarette smoking and resuspension","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The aim of the present work is to study the occupants\u0026#x27; exposure to fine particulate concentrations in ten nightclubs (NCs) in Athens, Greece. 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This paper presents a study of a major open area in a densely built and populated area in the centre of Athens that was part of a Municipality of Athens program to improve thermal comfort conditions in open spaces. The bioclimatic rehabilitation design process was based on a specific strategy involving detailed monitoring of the thermal characteristics and climatic conditions in the area, extensive analysis of the results in order to define the problem, design and use of efficient passive cooling techniques (cool materials, green spaces, solar control and earth to air heat exchangers), and the use of advanced simulation tools to evaluate and optimise the planed microclimatic improvements. The results indicate that the proposed measures contribute to a decrease in local temperatures of up to 28C for summer conditions. Practical application: The knowledge on perceptions of microclimate in outdoor space can serve as a basis for urban spatial design. To evaluate the application of cool materials in public urban squares. Strategies to improve local microclimate with monitoring and modelling the design features.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1848471b24159ccf9e12c3c490b5a286" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78127940,"asset_id":67234432,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78127940/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234432"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234432"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234432; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234432]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234432]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234432; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234432']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234432, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1848471b24159ccf9e12c3c490b5a286" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234432]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234432,"title":"Improving the microclimate in urban areas: a case study in the centre of Athens","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"bse.sagepub.com","ai_title_tag":"Urban Microclimate Improvement: A Case Study in Athens","grobid_abstract":"The urban heat island effect and its consequences is one of the most important problems cities worldwide have to face in an effort to become more sustainable. 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This paper presents a study of a major open area in a densely built and populated area in the centre of Athens that was part of a Municipality of Athens program to improve thermal comfort conditions in open spaces. The bioclimatic rehabilitation design process was based on a specific strategy involving detailed monitoring of the thermal characteristics and climatic conditions in the area, extensive analysis of the results in order to define the problem, design and use of efficient passive cooling techniques (cool materials, green spaces, solar control and earth to air heat exchangers), and the use of advanced simulation tools to evaluate and optimise the planed microclimatic improvements. The results indicate that the proposed measures contribute to a decrease in local temperatures of up to 28C for summer conditions. Practical application: The knowledge on perceptions of microclimate in outdoor space can serve as a basis for urban spatial design. To evaluate the application of cool materials in public urban squares. Strategies to improve local microclimate with monitoring and modelling the design features.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[{"id":78127940,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78127940/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0143624410394518.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78127940/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Improving_the_microclimate_in_urban_area.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78127940/0143624410394518-libre.pdf?1641396348=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImproving_the_microclimate_in_urban_area.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=czq6OYcHuF7BETjVM2y8zOmB4VvIjjA5FAWzb2wAsT7vZpZjg2wbsa6PE4Ikg0h9CSyJ8xBTqZg5YyGtZ9LdA5dhyGFPU6Z94pXC5LEOArfpoD1k5bDcMWXMhI~hgg0MLznPts3jlEVXtXniXjwrQDiDs6Y~nH2JnQjd1LDo9Ox5nhy~qvUtfOJriaxpmAmO-9GiP9psaH~OI9AI1HWcj1xtf9f92uoao7e78kKOJUcyQgejhhZMQ7wwdKl38vJIrSoY8AS~DNAklqlHJxjyyxsmP64dq7ie~vW-PlRW~rktjfWXA9QmhQkicW2r7YwUncsDmZHiKzCJgNiDMmsgSw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":12001,"name":"Bioclimatic Urban Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioclimatic_Urban_Design"},{"id":19517,"name":"Heat Exchanger","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Exchanger"},{"id":71358,"name":"Design process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_process"},{"id":88226,"name":"Microclimate urban design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microclimate_urban_design"},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study"},{"id":101782,"name":"Building","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building"},{"id":123866,"name":"Urban heat island","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_heat_island"},{"id":146642,"name":"Passive Cooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Passive_Cooling"},{"id":154596,"name":"Thermal comfort","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_comfort"},{"id":232629,"name":"Open Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Open_Space"},{"id":254824,"name":"Building Services","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_Services"},{"id":366098,"name":"Green Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Space"},{"id":1181607,"name":"Simulation Tool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Simulation_Tool"},{"id":1984794,"name":"Urban Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Area"},{"id":3617396,"name":"Climatic condition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climatic_condition"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="13612705" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234590"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234590/Design_approaches_for_upgrading_historically_significant_architecture_toward_zero_energy_The_Republic_of_Cyprus_Presidential_Palace"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Design approaches for upgrading historically significant architecture toward zero-energy: The Republic of Cyprus Presidential Palace" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234590/Design_approaches_for_upgrading_historically_significant_architecture_toward_zero_energy_The_Republic_of_Cyprus_Presidential_Palace">Design approaches for upgrading historically significant architecture toward zero-energy: The Republic of Cyprus Presidential Palace</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234590"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234590"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234590; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234590]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234590]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234590; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234590']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234590, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234589"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234589/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Discomfort Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128102/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234589/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece">Discomfort Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and humid weather conditions, which are infl...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and humid weather conditions, which are influenced by synoptic circulation patterns. There is no absolute definition of a heat wave; the term varies by region. Extreme events such as heat waves attract scientific attention because of their socio-economical and human health effects. Heat wave studies usually examine thermal conditions and assess human thermal environment using discomfort indices that combine more than two meteorological parameters. Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The hottest day of the summer of 2007 was 26 th June when the maximum temperature recorded in some measuring sites exceeded 45°C. In July heat wave daily maximum temperature was repeatedly recorded above 40°C. During both heat waves the National Health's Operational Centre declared a state of national alert while preventive measures to avoid heat related illnesses were presented through mass media. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index for the greater region of Greece, including Aegean and Ionian Sea regions as well as mainland Greece. One of the thermal indices well suited to characterize human discomfort and widely used is Thom's Discomfort Index (DI). In order to calculate the values of the Discomfort Index (DI) meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and 22-30 July, 2007. The results revealed high values of DI during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity and constant high values of air temperature. During July the calculated DI values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3c9fa9a2f4ed614f89fc8054910d2700" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128102,"asset_id":67234589,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128102/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234589"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234589"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234589; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234589]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234589]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234589; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234589']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234589, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3c9fa9a2f4ed614f89fc8054910d2700" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234589]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234589,"title":"Discomfort Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and humid weather conditions, which are influenced by synoptic circulation patterns. There is no absolute definition of a heat wave; the term varies by region. Extreme events such as heat waves attract scientific attention because of their socio-economical and human health effects. Heat wave studies usually examine thermal conditions and assess human thermal environment using discomfort indices that combine more than two meteorological parameters. Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The hottest day of the summer of 2007 was 26 th June when the maximum temperature recorded in some measuring sites exceeded 45°C. In July heat wave daily maximum temperature was repeatedly recorded above 40°C. During both heat waves the National Health's Operational Centre declared a state of national alert while preventive measures to avoid heat related illnesses were presented through mass media. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index for the greater region of Greece, including Aegean and Ionian Sea regions as well as mainland Greece. One of the thermal indices well suited to characterize human discomfort and widely used is Thom's Discomfort Index (DI). In order to calculate the values of the Discomfort Index (DI) meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and 22-30 July, 2007. The results revealed high values of DI during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity and constant high values of air temperature. During July the calculated DI values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78128102},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234589/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:10.150-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128102,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128102/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_20220105-11110-1mddvz.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128102/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128102/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_20220105-11110-1mddvz.pdf?1641395286=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiscomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913628\u0026Signature=fWY172ENF6-Yw57Zoy9yKiNYdyVBdWFNJWOOxAlbwyTbFgpyjCnSp0pcphpTRVUW3lDRSSdi3GNjHXFDRJF6SI9MlIRYrYaxp9VcfMO~G6aNMQs9BSK3WxEd141mZ88ORk0vkL5eBfGxjVyez8LH5N3KttXsD9e2tm8JqoqCgcPADSrLSv~Yc04u2cPEo6PETxNzWcySGx~sZYRgUMu3jZEJHu0k~QDPSbHqmXQdVFEGQlhmON2yoWf8tOprb~LO2j7nqXICJ4i4~CPmJctAbA~iyjQAOOMngwuglhmZ2W2-4npchgthE6iBuXrskeXFsuFhxd9tEpT5EiKf3RO7XQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_slug":"","page_count":7,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and humid weather conditions, which are influenced by synoptic circulation patterns. There is no absolute definition of a heat wave; the term varies by region. Extreme events such as heat waves attract scientific attention because of their socio-economical and human health effects. Heat wave studies usually examine thermal conditions and assess human thermal environment using discomfort indices that combine more than two meteorological parameters. Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The hottest day of the summer of 2007 was 26 th June when the maximum temperature recorded in some measuring sites exceeded 45°C. In July heat wave daily maximum temperature was repeatedly recorded above 40°C. During both heat waves the National Health's Operational Centre declared a state of national alert while preventive measures to avoid heat related illnesses were presented through mass media. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index for the greater region of Greece, including Aegean and Ionian Sea regions as well as mainland Greece. One of the thermal indices well suited to characterize human discomfort and widely used is Thom's Discomfort Index (DI). In order to calculate the values of the Discomfort Index (DI) meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and 22-30 July, 2007. The results revealed high values of DI during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity and constant high values of air temperature. During July the calculated DI values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[{"id":78128102,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128102/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_20220105-11110-1mddvz.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128102/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128102/Discomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat_20220105-11110-1mddvz.pdf?1641395286=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDiscomfort_Index_levels_during_the_heat.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913628\u0026Signature=fWY172ENF6-Yw57Zoy9yKiNYdyVBdWFNJWOOxAlbwyTbFgpyjCnSp0pcphpTRVUW3lDRSSdi3GNjHXFDRJF6SI9MlIRYrYaxp9VcfMO~G6aNMQs9BSK3WxEd141mZ88ORk0vkL5eBfGxjVyez8LH5N3KttXsD9e2tm8JqoqCgcPADSrLSv~Yc04u2cPEo6PETxNzWcySGx~sZYRgUMu3jZEJHu0k~QDPSbHqmXQdVFEGQlhmON2yoWf8tOprb~LO2j7nqXICJ4i4~CPmJctAbA~iyjQAOOMngwuglhmZ2W2-4npchgthE6iBuXrskeXFsuFhxd9tEpT5EiKf3RO7XQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234588"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234588/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Synoptic conditions during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128107/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234588/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece">Synoptic conditions during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. A key ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. A key feature was the extremely high temperatures and a very large number of devastating forest fires. The entire region experienced four heat wave episodes. Two episodes occurred in June and July, both characterised by long duration and intensity and two others occurred in August. In this paper we attempt to describe the synoptic conditions that prevailed during the two major heat wave episodes. For this purpose we used reanalysis data and model output data obtained from NCEP/NCAR, backtrajectory caclulations performed from ARL, as well as radiosondes data from HNMS. The results reveal the existence of two very strong systems in the upper atmosphere, a low pressure over Great Britain region and a high pressure system over the eastern Mediterranean. The combination of these two systems and the meteorological parameters associated with them has resulted in intense heat wave events in the area of southeastern Europe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="76644eb1ab5d01e4bf0716b3cb148e66" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128107,"asset_id":67234588,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128107/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234588"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234588"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234588; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234588]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234588]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234588; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234588']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234588, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "76644eb1ab5d01e4bf0716b3cb148e66" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234588]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234588,"title":"Synoptic conditions during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. 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The combination of these two systems and the meteorological parameters associated with them has resulted in intense heat wave events in the area of southeastern Europe.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78128107},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234588/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:10.087-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128107,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128107/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave20220105-11110-o78jv1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128107/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128107/Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave20220105-11110-o78jv1.pdf?1641395287=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSynoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_wave.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913628\u0026Signature=Of2GpgJYDxT6IzQsvxSDQLWtocbk5AYFnkn8AQbrcUx87Fx0IY2v4ZGIFnqrlTKDcBPVW9qKxCR4FPm2BArsfDks9IVdr1PxOY9EVjaBfM55MjxQ8T1Mkh7c-kXTF8SHQDo2RW6si~VDpwVVThGuZQA3VxGrJY4lYtUHWj8cNIH6jA-LFmnEqH8aVyF-RBes1Hsq-344CNTWvHd0g1d5ubUMYMWKNRBM7GjvNNIM6UM2WXeB8TVi85oxm0JNLlZEihX3xtZMsxHR2vSND-6QR6W5u308f0YThaXsWWHHskwC3nne9ZChWjGSlCG57wR22Vqe6k-R181J5~sBVlHiOg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Synoptic_conditions_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"el","content_type":"Work","summary":"Σhe summer of 2007 was a very difficult summer for the entire area of Southeastern Europe. A key feature was the extremely high temperatures and a very large number of devastating forest fires. The entire region experienced four heat wave episodes. Two episodes occurred in June and July, both characterised by long duration and intensity and two others occurred in August. In this paper we attempt to describe the synoptic conditions that prevailed during the two major heat wave episodes. For this purpose we used reanalysis data and model output data obtained from NCEP/NCAR, backtrajectory caclulations performed from ARL, as well as radiosondes data from HNMS. The results reveal the existence of two very strong systems in the upper atmosphere, a low pressure over Great Britain region and a high pressure system over the eastern Mediterranean. 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The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234587"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234587"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234587; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234587]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234587]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234587; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234587']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234587, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234587]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234587,"title":"Indoor air quality in a metropolitan area metro using fuzzy logic assessment system","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in different environmental conditions. The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS."},"translated_abstract":"According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in different environmental conditions. The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234587/Indoor_air_quality_in_a_metropolitan_area_metro_using_fuzzy_logic_assessment_system","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:10.018-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Indoor_air_quality_in_a_metropolitan_area_metro_using_fuzzy_logic_assessment_system","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"According to past experience, the concentration of air pollutants indoor varies significantly in different environmental conditions. The present study focuses on the investigation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the underground trains in Athens, Greece. The investigation was performed in both major lines of the ATTIKO METRO. Monitoring was performed in order to determine the concentration of pollutants and particulate matter, specifically TVOCs, PM10, ΡΜ2.5, ΡΜ1 as well as temperature and relative humidity in the coaches of the trains. In the present study, a methodology based on fuzzy inference systems to assess air quality is proposed. A fuzzy logic assessment system (FLAS) is developed incorporating rules stem collected from real data, human experience and intuition. The results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the FLAS.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":4165,"name":"Fuzzy Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fuzzy_Logic"},{"id":22772,"name":"Urban Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Health"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":48044,"name":"Greece","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greece"},{"id":295244,"name":"Indoor air pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_air_pollution"},{"id":649451,"name":"Seasons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasons"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234586"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234586/Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Greece_synoptic_conditions_bioclimatological_assessment_air_quality_levels_and_health_effects_Environ_Res"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat waves observed in 2007 in Athens, Greece: synoptic conditions, bioclimatological assessment, air quality levels and health effects. Environ Res" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128193/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234586/Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Greece_synoptic_conditions_bioclimatological_assessment_air_quality_levels_and_health_effects_Environ_Res">Heat waves observed in 2007 in Athens, Greece: synoptic conditions, bioclimatological assessment, air quality levels and health effects. Environ Res</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Environmental Research</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Heat waves are considered to be increasing in frequency and intensity whereas they comprise a sig...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Heat waves are considered to be increasing in frequency and intensity whereas they comprise a significant weather-related cause of deaths in several countries. Two heat waves occurred in Greece in summer 2007. These severe heat waves are assessed by analyzing the prevailing synoptic conditions, evaluating human thermal discomfort, through the Heat Load Index (HL), as well as investigating its interrelation of air pollutant concentrations, and the daily air quality stress index (AQSI), in the greater region of Athens (Attica), Greece. Furthermore, the relation of HL values and the number of heatstroke and heat exhaustion events recorded in public hospitals operating within the Greek National Health System is examined. Data included radiosonde measurements from the Athens airport station (LGAT), NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in order to obtain the position of the Subtropical Jet Stream (STJ), GDAS meteorological data for back-trajectory calculation, 10-min meteorological data from 10 Hydro-Meteorological stations and mean hourly values of nitric dioxide (NO 2), sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and ozone (O 3) concentrations, measured at 7 different sites, for the last 10-day period of June and July 2007. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to observe any possible correlation between HL values and air pollutant concentrations, and AQSI values. The results demonstrated different synoptic characteristics for the heat waves of June and July. In the heat wave of June, higher ambient temperatures were recorded and greater HL values were calculated. Extreme discomfort conditions were identified in both heat waves during both daytime and night-time hours. The air pollution analysis showed poor air quality conditions for the heat wave of July, while a significant correlation was found between HL values and average hourly concentrations of O 3 , NO 2 and SO 2. The number of heataffected patients reported during the June heat wave was larger.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f7ad83cd9f747beda01da328398b808" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128193,"asset_id":67234586,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128193/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234586"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234586; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234586]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234586]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234586; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234586']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234586, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6f7ad83cd9f747beda01da328398b808" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234586]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234586,"title":"Heat waves observed in 2007 in Athens, Greece: synoptic conditions, bioclimatological assessment, air quality levels and health effects. Environ Res","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Heat waves are considered to be increasing in frequency and intensity whereas they comprise a significant weather-related cause of deaths in several countries. Two heat waves occurred in Greece in summer 2007. These severe heat waves are assessed by analyzing the prevailing synoptic conditions, evaluating human thermal discomfort, through the Heat Load Index (HL), as well as investigating its interrelation of air pollutant concentrations, and the daily air quality stress index (AQSI), in the greater region of Athens (Attica), Greece. Furthermore, the relation of HL values and the number of heatstroke and heat exhaustion events recorded in public hospitals operating within the Greek National Health System is examined. Data included radiosonde measurements from the Athens airport station (LGAT), NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in order to obtain the position of the Subtropical Jet Stream (STJ), GDAS meteorological data for back-trajectory calculation, 10-min meteorological data from 10 Hydro-Meteorological stations and mean hourly values of nitric dioxide (NO 2), sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and ozone (O 3) concentrations, measured at 7 different sites, for the last 10-day period of June and July 2007. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to observe any possible correlation between HL values and air pollutant concentrations, and AQSI values. The results demonstrated different synoptic characteristics for the heat waves of June and July. In the heat wave of June, higher ambient temperatures were recorded and greater HL values were calculated. Extreme discomfort conditions were identified in both heat waves during both daytime and night-time hours. The air pollution analysis showed poor air quality conditions for the heat wave of July, while a significant correlation was found between HL values and average hourly concentrations of O 3 , NO 2 and SO 2. The number of heataffected patients reported during the June heat wave was larger.","publication_name":"Environmental Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78128193},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234586/Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Greece_synoptic_conditions_bioclimatological_assessment_air_quality_levels_and_health_effects_Environ_Res","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:09.932-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128193,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128193/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Theoharatos2010-1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128193/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Gr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128193/Theoharatos2010-1-libre.pdf?1641396332=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Gr.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913628\u0026Signature=VZOfTOVRgaPP2x0I4Z0~haf0-7lJcuPR78XRBUa7xhx6KwbgThdSTef~Yvwi~8Uy7eyB~HfIEY39A4NBmTiCY54~lOvReCkNoo-iC37nb2s1TimnNmIqTqb-rmqnWMGGDx1OaUtOT~DndZ0tpchd6tMtVfEXEwUxx4CODx~ofvMkQTDXfh~3qJlhWWegSQ6CzOjlOcNEscSuxZluj-OpbG56caE2eQT7CT0GoZHu1qAe3XT-eyxhg0RbpdXZCghMTObQE3pIOuZ6eIRw7rHTx6caf6HWCZdtnxCRVkkCbKeuAL-RGHO6DY3zX0xTQsk7XzCD6DcQ4KwYanYBX8IEYA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Greece_synoptic_conditions_bioclimatological_assessment_air_quality_levels_and_health_effects_Environ_Res","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Heat waves are considered to be increasing in frequency and intensity whereas they comprise a significant weather-related cause of deaths in several countries. Two heat waves occurred in Greece in summer 2007. These severe heat waves are assessed by analyzing the prevailing synoptic conditions, evaluating human thermal discomfort, through the Heat Load Index (HL), as well as investigating its interrelation of air pollutant concentrations, and the daily air quality stress index (AQSI), in the greater region of Athens (Attica), Greece. Furthermore, the relation of HL values and the number of heatstroke and heat exhaustion events recorded in public hospitals operating within the Greek National Health System is examined. Data included radiosonde measurements from the Athens airport station (LGAT), NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in order to obtain the position of the Subtropical Jet Stream (STJ), GDAS meteorological data for back-trajectory calculation, 10-min meteorological data from 10 Hydro-Meteorological stations and mean hourly values of nitric dioxide (NO 2), sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and ozone (O 3) concentrations, measured at 7 different sites, for the last 10-day period of June and July 2007. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to observe any possible correlation between HL values and air pollutant concentrations, and AQSI values. The results demonstrated different synoptic characteristics for the heat waves of June and July. In the heat wave of June, higher ambient temperatures were recorded and greater HL values were calculated. Extreme discomfort conditions were identified in both heat waves during both daytime and night-time hours. The air pollution analysis showed poor air quality conditions for the heat wave of July, while a significant correlation was found between HL values and average hourly concentrations of O 3 , NO 2 and SO 2. The number of heataffected patients reported during the June heat wave was larger.","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[{"id":78128193,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128193/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Theoharatos2010-1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128193/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Gr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128193/Theoharatos2010-1-libre.pdf?1641396332=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_waves_observed_in_2007_in_Athens_Gr.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=U7ea4-k8e5FCDXd~DzzmeXtv70rEgFooq58T04MHJ94MZtTyvJo~FW3G0GTqA0Q-fpxFMg4cNUeZb4cI9wdUgS-fDw6-C9jaBjcLF7I1hSZ5fvO8tJcSSJgcmUvcNEqEaEPU5dAlDVsk~pta4I3Uftu3eXfp75l8u7x12zbaV08pCfmxWZoHriJtsFo9BHM4ckceqhMVlLG6zgSWpQgzDcD4Kp~XZbD~7t6s-E7UU4Rv8CUreqWb7tLJbhlSDy7b3Xr8k49sRah6GIt6ui4gSxoNlwXdHAXPymQkZ~NwuceqdBKbbrFVRjbhIgtfQc-kwFFO8LC6ILlCLn2ZzU7VMw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science"},{"id":11976,"name":"Air pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_pollution"},{"id":18605,"name":"Biometeorology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biometeorology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":48044,"name":"Greece","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greece"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences"},{"id":146042,"name":"Weather","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Weather"},{"id":154596,"name":"Thermal comfort","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_comfort"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES"},{"id":380824,"name":"Ozone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ozone"},{"id":1014147,"name":"Nitrogen Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen_Dioxide"},{"id":1133132,"name":"Environmental","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental"},{"id":1327853,"name":"Sulfur Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sulfur_Dioxide"},{"id":1656539,"name":"Air Pollutants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Pollutants"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234585"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234585/Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assessment_in_an_industrialized_area_of_eastern_Mediterranean_the_Thriassion_Plain_Greece_Int_J_Biometerol"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Biometeorological and air quality assessment in an industrialized area of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain. Greece Int J Biometerol" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128228/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234585/Biometeorological_and_air_quality_assessment_in_an_industrialized_area_of_eastern_Mediterranean_the_Thriassion_Plain_Greece_Int_J_Biometerol">Biometeorological and air quality assessment in an industrialized area of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain. Greece Int J Biometerol</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Biometeorology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Evidence that heat wave events are associated with poor air quality conditions and health hazards...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Evidence that heat wave events are associated with poor air quality conditions and health hazards has become stronger in recent years. In this study, the impact of two heat wave episodes on human thermal discomfort and air quality is examined during summer 2007, in an industrial plain of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain, Greece. For this purpose, two biometeorological indices-Discomfort Index (DI) and Heat Load (HL)-as well as an air quality index-Air Quality Stress Index (AQSI)-were calculated using data from seven measuring sites. A land-use map was procured in order to examine the effect of different land cover types on human thermal comfort. The results indicated high level of thermal discomfort and increased air pollution levels, while a significant correlation between the DI and the AQSI was identified.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a08e449019aec62a94861d97d97761f6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128228,"asset_id":67234585,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128228/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234585"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234585"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234585; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234585]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234585]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234585; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234585']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234585, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a08e449019aec62a94861d97d97761f6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234585]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234585,"title":"Biometeorological and air quality assessment in an industrialized area of eastern Mediterranean: the Thriassion Plain. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234584"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234584/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Heat Load Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128106/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234584/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece">Heat Load Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 res...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index (Heat Load-HL) for the entire region of Greece. In order to calculate the values of HL meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and July. The results revealed high values of HL during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity during night-time and constant high values of air temperature during daytime. During July the calculated HL values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7b915575009ca1c9fb6ee5b22a67ae4f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128106,"asset_id":67234584,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128106/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234584"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234584"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234584; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234584]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234584; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234584']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234584, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7b915575009ca1c9fb6ee5b22a67ae4f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234584]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234584,"title":"Heat Load Index levels during the heat waves of June and July 2007 in Greece","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. 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During July the calculated HL values showed lower intensity of the heat wave resulting from the low values of relative humidity while high values of the index were calculated over the Greek mainland.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78128106},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234584/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:09.752-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128106,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128106/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w20220105-5645-p9chuw.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128106/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128106/Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w20220105-5645-p9chuw.pdf?1641395287=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHeat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_w.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=epuq3jB2Iq23ZsZ7o-ekE57wVS0C4jw6tXrxD1cY8IiIfimKlrIrpfHjaMr7nt2oknIqKcU2cKHsXqZBgIxHTGblABQ3xQwAJVd~fRy~8kAJ0yyMi4RDh3YbtWC4y2ldwxQckRvAhPhds~8xt0F~O~8WDfc18fVbDJrF8ogrqr22nD78Dq91M8qnVAK8vl6MdZOD8JWM4VfnMPWR~FVrbXILuqD3BlP66Q3pWZFXE48hyaCVciR-feq8Iqtrlaga-YeYhs46ByVx-tpM1sgDxvArar~u~~QmkwcdgwZPCj3beLjgt5fusxh3ejwkXEYSu4jNyjZU8O5LkNQy4ZlTxA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Heat_Load_Index_levels_during_the_heat_waves_of_June_and_July_2007_in_Greece","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Two severe heat waves observed in Greece during the last ten-day period of June and July 2007 respectively. The main target of this paper is to evaluate human thermal comfort through a discomfort index (Heat Load-HL) for the entire region of Greece. In order to calculate the values of HL meteorological data from 31 Greek meteorological stations, operated by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service were used. All data used (hourly values) were obtained from University of Wyoming website and from United States Navy European Meteorology and Oceanography (NEMOC) website, for the time periods 22-30 June and July. The results revealed high values of HL during daytime and night-time hours in June heat wave, mainly across Aegean Sea region, caused by high values of relative humidity during night-time and constant high values of air temperature during daytime. 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The aim was to improve thermal comfort conditions, reduce the intensity of heat island and improve the global environmental quality in the considered area. To our knowledge, this has been the largest application of cool pavements in urban areas in the world. To evaluate the thermal impact of cool paving materials, specific and detailed measurements of the climatic conditions in the park have been performed before and after the installation of the new materials. Validated computerized fluid dynamics techniques have been used to homogenize the boundary conditions occurring during the two experiments and to perform direct comparisons of the climatic quality in the park. It was estimated that the use of cool paving materials contributes to the reduction of the peak ambient temperature during a typical summer day, by up to 1.9 K. At the same time, the surface tempe...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f447480b1d39ab1a9ddbbb7974d9bab4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78128089,"asset_id":67234583,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128089/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234583"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234583"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234583; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234583]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234583]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234583; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234583']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234583, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f447480b1d39ab1a9ddbbb7974d9bab4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234583]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234583,"title":"Using cool paving materials to improve microclimate of urban areas – Design realization and results of the flisvos project","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present paper deals with the application of 4500 m2 of reflective pavements in an urban park in the greater Athens area. The aim was to improve thermal comfort conditions, reduce the intensity of heat island and improve the global environmental quality in the considered area. To our knowledge, this has been the largest application of cool pavements in urban areas in the world. To evaluate the thermal impact of cool paving materials, specific and detailed measurements of the climatic conditions in the park have been performed before and after the installation of the new materials. Validated computerized fluid dynamics techniques have been used to homogenize the boundary conditions occurring during the two experiments and to perform direct comparisons of the climatic quality in the park. It was estimated that the use of cool paving materials contributes to the reduction of the peak ambient temperature during a typical summer day, by up to 1.9 K. 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At the same time, the surface tempe...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234583/Using_cool_paving_materials_to_improve_microclimate_of_urban_areas_Design_realization_and_results_of_the_flisvos_project","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:09.597-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78128089,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78128089/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"3492_flisvos.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78128089/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Using_cool_paving_materials_to_improve_m.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78128089/3492_flisvos-libre.pdf?1641396340=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUsing_cool_paving_materials_to_improve_m.pdf\u0026Expires=1733913629\u0026Signature=TLp8k2uRZ1zJHeVCDhKiN1FlcKqkPvIDNhvJCT5u8NpwS3fl0lr6wCUT8rWYhLkrsEgoJFOYkmG3Yn76ao9fjVh7BKUd-y30PNkK5wODw4FWToylwDCl0KG1Aph5o2QRQTfMchmg8Ou2wVtFmZxm~2Sv8VLZvwq0lT5711G10M2aHlR8mnI4Kg3N5VC4IDmoQRdvfrCYgXp4opMllRjrmHzK9FRprsmNLqwv5ypzR97p4HzkwI2THI9amsZXzyJqiq-ExWZ~1rb2UZFYLFr9OLLrejmi5ihnY4YBvIvo3c65iJSTqEcvM95vZfrsDOGoRxniKZq~SNGtmE91u6GUxg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Using_cool_paving_materials_to_improve_microclimate_of_urban_areas_Design_realization_and_results_of_the_flisvos_project","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The present paper deals with the application of 4500 m2 of reflective pavements in an urban park in the greater Athens area. 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Measurements of PM 1 and PM 2.5 were made in the outdoor and indoor environment of each NC. The average indoor PM 1 and PM 2.5 ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234582"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234582"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234582; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234582]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234582]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234582; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234582']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234582, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234582]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234582,"title":"Exposure to fine particulate matter in ten night clubs in Athens Greece: Studying the effect of ventilation, cigarette smoking and resuspension","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The aim of the present work is to study the occupants\u0026#x27; exposure to fine particulate concentrations in ten nightclubs (NCs) in Athens, Greece. 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The average indoor PM 1 and PM 2.5 ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67234582/Exposure_to_fine_particulate_matter_in_ten_night_clubs_in_Athens_Greece_Studying_the_effect_of_ventilation_cigarette_smoking_and_resuspension","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-05T07:07:09.474-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":208159130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Exposure_to_fine_particulate_matter_in_ten_night_clubs_in_Athens_Greece_Studying_the_effect_of_ventilation_cigarette_smoking_and_resuspension","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The aim of the present work is to study the occupants\u0026#x27; exposure to fine particulate concentrations in ten nightclubs (NCs) in Athens, Greece. Measurements of PM 1 and PM 2.5 were made in the outdoor and indoor environment of each NC. The average indoor PM 1 and PM 2.5 ...","owner":{"id":208159130,"first_name":"Anastasia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Spanou","page_name":"AnastasiaSpanou4","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2021-11-12T02:07:53.900-08:00","display_name":"Anastasia Spanou","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnastasiaSpanou4"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":4592,"name":"Indoor Air Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_Air_Quality"},{"id":9109,"name":"Tobacco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tobacco"},{"id":22772,"name":"Urban Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Health"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":36763,"name":"Aerosols","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerosols"},{"id":48044,"name":"Greece","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greece"},{"id":75318,"name":"Smoking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smoking"},{"id":95108,"name":"RECREATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RECREATION"},{"id":224578,"name":"Multiple Regression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiple_Regression"},{"id":295244,"name":"Indoor air pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_air_pollution"},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size"},{"id":678913,"name":"Ventilation Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventilation_Rate"},{"id":892171,"name":"Indoor Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_Environment"},{"id":1312021,"name":"Environmental Exposure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Exposure"},{"id":1944714,"name":"Fine Particulate Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fine_Particulate_Matter"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67234432"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234432/Improving_the_microclimate_in_urban_areas_a_case_study_in_the_centre_of_Athens"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improving the microclimate in urban areas: a case study in the centre of Athens" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78127940/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67234432/Improving_the_microclimate_in_urban_areas_a_case_study_in_the_centre_of_Athens">Improving the microclimate in urban areas: a case study in the centre of Athens</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Building Services …</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The urban heat island effect and its consequences is one of the most important problems cities wo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The urban heat island effect and its consequences is one of the most important problems cities worldwide have to face in an effort to become more sustainable. This paper presents a study of a major open area in a densely built and populated area in the centre of Athens that was part of a Municipality of Athens program to improve thermal comfort conditions in open spaces. The bioclimatic rehabilitation design process was based on a specific strategy involving detailed monitoring of the thermal characteristics and climatic conditions in the area, extensive analysis of the results in order to define the problem, design and use of efficient passive cooling techniques (cool materials, green spaces, solar control and earth to air heat exchangers), and the use of advanced simulation tools to evaluate and optimise the planed microclimatic improvements. The results indicate that the proposed measures contribute to a decrease in local temperatures of up to 28C for summer conditions. Practical application: The knowledge on perceptions of microclimate in outdoor space can serve as a basis for urban spatial design. To evaluate the application of cool materials in public urban squares. Strategies to improve local microclimate with monitoring and modelling the design features.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1848471b24159ccf9e12c3c490b5a286" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78127940,"asset_id":67234432,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78127940/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMzkxMDAyOSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67234432"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67234432"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234432; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234432]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67234432]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67234432; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67234432']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67234432, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1848471b24159ccf9e12c3c490b5a286" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67234432]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67234432,"title":"Improving the microclimate in urban areas: a case study in the centre of Athens","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"bse.sagepub.com","ai_title_tag":"Urban Microclimate Improvement: A Case Study in Athens","grobid_abstract":"The urban heat island effect and its consequences is one of the most important problems cities worldwide have to face in an effort to become more sustainable. 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This paper presents a study of a major open area in a densely built and populated area in the centre of Athens that was part of a Municipality of Athens program to improve thermal comfort conditions in open spaces. The bioclimatic rehabilitation design process was based on a specific strategy involving detailed monitoring of the thermal characteristics and climatic conditions in the area, extensive analysis of the results in order to define the problem, design and use of efficient passive cooling techniques (cool materials, green spaces, solar control and earth to air heat exchangers), and the use of advanced simulation tools to evaluate and optimise the planed microclimatic improvements. The results indicate that the proposed measures contribute to a decrease in local temperatures of up to 28C for summer conditions. Practical application: The knowledge on perceptions of microclimate in outdoor space can serve as a basis for urban spatial design. To evaluate the application of cool materials in public urban squares. 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