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<li id="toc-Medieval_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Medieval period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_ruling_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_ruling_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>British ruling period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_ruling_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_and_significance" 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>In India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>In Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repertoire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repertoire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Repertoire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repertoire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Costumes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Costumes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Costumes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Costumes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Costumes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Costumes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Female_garments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Female_garments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Female garments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Female_garments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Male_garments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Male_garments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Male garments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Male_garments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_and_instruments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_and_instruments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Music and instruments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_and_instruments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Styles_and_categories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Styles_and_categories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Styles and categories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Styles_and_categories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>International recognition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_recognition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International recognition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_Armenia-India_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Armenia-India_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>In Armenia-India relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Armenia-India_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_international_cultural_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_international_cultural_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>In international cultural events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_international_cultural_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reflection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reflection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Reflection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reflection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Manipuri dance</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="মণিপুৰী নৃত্য – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মণিপুৰী নৃত্য" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="মণিপুরি নৃত্য – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মণিপুরি নৃত্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipuri_(Tanz)" title="Manipuri (Tanz) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Manipuri (Tanz)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipuri" title="Manipuri – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Manipuri" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipuri_(danse)" title="Manipuri (danse) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Manipuri (danse)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A3%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF" title="મણિપુરી નૃત્ય – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મણિપુરી નૃત્ય" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="मणिपुरी नृत्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मणिपुरी नृत्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%83%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF" title="ಮಣಿಪುರಿ ನೃತ್ಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಣಿಪುರಿ ನೃತ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="മണിപ്പൂരി നൃത്തം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മണിപ്പൂരി നൃത്തം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="मणिपुरी नृत्य – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मणिपुरी नृत्य" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%89" title="مانيبورى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مانيبورى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7" title="مانیپوری سما – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مانیپوری سما" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4_%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%81_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A5_%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%8F" title="ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯔꯥꯁ ꯂꯤꯂꯥ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯔꯥꯁ ꯂꯤꯂꯥ ꯖꯒꯣꯏ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="मणिपुरी नृत्य – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मणिपुरी नृत्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8B%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA" title="マニプリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マニプリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A3%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%80_%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%83%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F" title="ମଣିପୁରୀ ନୃତ୍ୟ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମଣିପୁରୀ ନୃତ୍ୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9A" title="ਮਣੀਪੁਰੀ ਨਾਚ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਣੀਪੁਰੀ ਨਾਚ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taniec_Manipuri" title="Taniec Manipuri – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Taniec Manipuri" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipuri" title="Manipuri – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Manipuri" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8_(%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86)" title="Манипури (танец) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Манипури (танец)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="मणिपुरीनृत्यम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मणिपुरीनृत्यम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A1" title="ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipuri_dance" title="Manipuri dance – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Manipuri dance" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipuri" title="Manipuri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Manipuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="மணிப்புரி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மணிப்புரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Classical dance of India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a classical dance form of <a href="/wiki/Meitei_culture" title="Meitei culture">Meitei culture</a>, officially recognised by the <a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi">Sangeet Natak Akademi</a>. For the other officially unrecognized classical dance forms, see <a href="/wiki/Classicism_in_Meitei_dances" class="mw-redirect" title="Classicism in Meitei dances">Classicism in Meitei dances</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Manipuri classical dance" redirects here. For diverse dance styles of Manipur, see <a href="/wiki/Dances_of_Manipur" title="Dances of Manipur">Dances of Manipur</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Manipuri Raas Leela <br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni-Latn">Jagoi Raas/Raas Jagoi</i>)</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Stamp_of_Armenia_-_2018_-_Colnect_806145_-_Indian_Dance_Manipuri.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Stamp_of_Armenia_-_2018_-_Colnect_806145_-_Indian_Dance_Manipuri.jpeg/220px-Stamp_of_Armenia_-_2018_-_Colnect_806145_-_Indian_Dance_Manipuri.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Stamp_of_Armenia_-_2018_-_Colnect_806145_-_Indian_Dance_Manipuri.jpeg/330px-Stamp_of_Armenia_-_2018_-_Colnect_806145_-_Indian_Dance_Manipuri.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Stamp_of_Armenia_-_2018_-_Colnect_806145_-_Indian_Dance_Manipuri.jpeg/440px-Stamp_of_Armenia_-_2018_-_Colnect_806145_-_Indian_Dance_Manipuri.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="583" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An illustration of the <i>Manipuri Raas Leela</i> dance, being depicted in a stamp from <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nickname"><a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni">Jagoi Raas, Raas Jagoi</i><sup id="cite_ref-Banerjee_2006_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banerjee_2006-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sruti_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sruti-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Derek_2006_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Derek_2006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagoi" title="Jagoi">Jagoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Indian classical dance</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inventor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rajarshi_Bhagyachandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajarshi Bhagyachandra">Rajarshi Bhagyachandra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Ching-Thang_Khomba" title="Ching-Thang Khomba">Ching-Thang Khomba</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kulasrestha_2006_257_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kulasrestha_2006_257-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Balasubramanian_30_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Balasubramanian_30-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Manipur.svg/23px-Flag_of_Manipur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Manipur.svg/35px-Flag_of_Manipur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Manipur.svg/45px-Flag_of_Manipur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="434" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Manipur_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipur kingdom">Manipur kingdom</a> (historical)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kanglasa.svg/12px-Kanglasa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kanglasa.svg/19px-Kanglasa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kanglasa.svg/24px-Kanglasa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1840" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> (current)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Hinduism" title="Category:Hinduism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.2em;background:#FFC569;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/90px-1_Om.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/135px-1_Om.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/1_Om.svg/180px-1_Om.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">Origins</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"><b>Historical</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hinduism" title="History of Hinduism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion of the Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Hinduism">Vedic Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_folk_religion" title="Dravidian folk religion">Dravidian folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arama%E1%B9%87a" title="Śramaṇa">Śramaṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_religions_in_India" title="Tribal religions in India">Tribal religions in India</a></li></ul> <p><b>Traditional</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasa-Purana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_royal_genealogies" title="Epic-Puranic royal genealogies">Epic-Puranic royal genealogies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic-Puranic_chronology" title="Epic-Puranic chronology">Epic-Puranic chronology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Major Sampradaya (Traditions)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupata_Shaivism" title="Pashupata Shaivism">Pashupata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratyabhijna" title="Pratyabhijna">Pratyabhijña</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smartism</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><i><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">Other Sampradaya (Traditions)</a></i></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Absolute Reality / Unifying Force</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other major <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devis</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Vedic Deities:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Tridasha">Tridasha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adityas" title="Adityas">Adityas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudras" title="Rudras">Rudras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasus">Vasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashvins" title="Ashvins">Ashvins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi" title="Mahadevi">Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigvedic_deities" title="Rigvedic deities">Other Vedic Deities</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Post-Vedic:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navadurga" title="Navadurga">Navadurga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishvakarma" title="Vishvakarma">Vishvakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubera" title="Kubera">Kubera</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Concepts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Worldview</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_cosmology" title="Hindu cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_mythology" title="Hindu mythology">Mythology</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ontology</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tattva" title="Tattva">Tattvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanmatras" title="Tanmatras">Subtle elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchikarana" title="Panchikarana">Panchikarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Bhuta" title="Pancha Bhuta">Gross elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%E1%B9%87a" title="Guṇa">Guṇas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purusha" title="Purusha">Purusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prak%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Prakṛti">Prakṛti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Para_Brahman" title="Para Brahman">Supreme reality</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nirguna_brahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirguna brahman">Nirguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguna_brahman" title="Saguna brahman">Saguna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saccid%C4%81nanda" title="Saccidānanda">Saccidānanda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">God</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Devas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devata" title="Devata">Devatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">God in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_and_gender_in_Hinduism" title="God and gender in Hinduism">God and gender</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārtha (Meaning of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C4%80%C5%9Brama_(stage)" title="Āśrama (stage)">Āśrama (Stages of life)</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%E1%B9%9Bhastha" title="Gṛhastha">Gṛhastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81naprastha" title="Vānaprastha">Vānaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Three_Yogas" title="Three Yogas">Three paths to liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Liberation</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Mokṣa-related topics:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramatman" title="Paramatman">Paramātman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Mind</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Ātman (self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C4%81tman_(Hinduism)" title="Anātman (Hinduism)">Anātman (non-self)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_bodies_doctrine" title="Three bodies doctrine">Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antahkarana" title="Antahkarana">Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81_(Hinduism)" title="Prajñā (Hinduism)">Prajña (wisdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80nanda_(Hindu_philosophy)" title="Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)">Ānanda (happiness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viveka" title="Viveka">Viveka (discernment)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vairagya" title="Vairagya">Vairagya (dispassion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samatva" title="Samatva">Sama (equanimity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Dama (temperance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uparati" title="Uparati">Uparati (self-settledness)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titiksha" title="Titiksha">Titiksha (forbearance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Hinduism" title="Faith in Hinduism">Shraddha (faith)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samadhana (concentration)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arishadvargas" title="Arishadvargas">Arishadvargas (six enemies)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahamkara" title="Ahamkara">Ahamkara (attachment)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Ethics</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti śastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niyama" title="Niyama">Niyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Achourya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjava" title="Arjava">Arjava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosha" title="Santosha">Santosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya" title="Svādhyāya">Svādhyāya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaucha" title="Shaucha">Shaucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources of dharma</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Epistemology</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pratyaksha" title="Pratyaksha">Pratyakṣa (perception)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anumāṇa" title="Pramana">Anumāṇa (inference)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upam%C4%81%E1%B9%87a" class="mw-redirect" title="Upamāṇa">Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Arthāpatti" title="Pramana">Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramana#Anupalabdi" title="Pramana">Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabda" title="Shabda">Śabda (word, testimony)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a>, sacrifice, and charity</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arti_(Hinduism)" title="Arti (Hinduism)">Ārtī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_Hinduism" title="Prayer in Hinduism">Prarthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kīrtana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarpana" title="Tarpana">Tarpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%81ya%C5%9Bcitta" title="Prāyaścitta">Prāyaścitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirtha_(Hinduism)" title="Tirtha (Hinduism)">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthadana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Matha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Nritta-Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sev%C4%81" title="Sevā">Sevā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Meditation</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">Dhyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81dh%C4%81na" title="Samādhāna">Samādhāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nididhy%C4%81sana" title="Nididhyāsana">Nididhyāsana</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">Sadhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogini" title="Yogini">Yogini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">Asana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81dhan%C4%81" title="Sādhanā">Sādhanā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnana_yoga" title="Jnana yoga">Jnana yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_yoga" title="Karma yoga">Karma yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81ja_yoga" title="Rāja yoga">Rāja yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalini_yoga" title="Kundalini yoga">Kundalini yoga</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Arts</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathak" title="Kathak">Kathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattriya" title="Sattriya">Sattriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Mela" title="Bhagavata Mela">Bhagavata Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandiya_Raas" title="Dandiya Raas">Dandiya Raas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnatic_music" title="Carnatic music">Carnatic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandav_Lila" title="Pandav Lila">Pandav Lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silambam" title="Silambam">Silambam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimurai" title="Adimurai">Adimurai</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Samskara_(rite_of_passage)" title="Samskara (rite of passage)">Rites of passage</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Pumsavana Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simantonnayana" title="Simantonnayana">Simantonnayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Nāmakaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyāraṃbhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_wedding" title="Hindu wedding">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyesti</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijayadashami-Dussehra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongal_(festival)" title="Pongal (festival)">Pongal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihu" title="Bihu">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthandu" title="Puthandu">Puthandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Yatra</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Philosophical schools</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Astika" class="mw-redirect" title="Astika">Six Astika schools</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_(philosophy)" title="Yoga (philosophy)">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Shuddhadvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svabhavika_Bhedabheda" title="Svabhavika Bhedabheda">Svabhavika Bhedabheda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other schools</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80j%C4%ABvika" title="Ājīvika">Ājīvika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_gurus_and_sants" title="List of Hindu gurus and sants">Gurus, Rishi, Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient India">Ancient</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saptarshi" title="Saptarshi">Saptarshi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vashistha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vashistha">Vashistha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashyapa" title="Kashyapa">Kashyapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atri" title="Atri">Atri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamadagni" title="Jamadagni">Jamadagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya_Sutras" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaya Sutras">Gotama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishvamitra" title="Vishvamitra">Vishvamitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharadwaja" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharadwaja">Bharadwaja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Agastya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angiras" title="Angiras">Angiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruni">Aruni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtavakra" title="Ashtavakra">Ashtavakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaimini" title="Jaimini">Jaimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanada_(philosopher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanada (philosopher)">Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila" title="Kapila">Kapila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini" title="Pāṇini">Pāṇini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashastapada" title="Prashastapada">Prashastapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raikva" title="Raikva">Raikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyakama_Jabala" class="mw-redirect" title="Satyakama Jabala">Satyakama Jabala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajnavalkya" title="Yajnavalkya">Yajnavalkya</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">Medieval</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinavagupta" title="Abhinavagupta">Abhinavagupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akka_Mahadevi" title="Akka Mahadevi">Akka Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allama_Prabhu" title="Allama Prabhu">Allama Prabhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvars" title="Alvars">Alvars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basava" title="Basava">Basava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramdas_Kathiababa" title="Ramdas Kathiababa">Ramdas Kathiababa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changdev" class="mw-redirect" title="Changdev">Chāngadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eknath" title="Eknath">Eknath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangesha_Upadhyaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Gangesha Upadhyaya">Gangesha Upadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudapada" title="Gaudapada">Gaudapada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorakshanath" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorakshanath">Gorakshanatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa_Thakur" title="Haridasa Thakur">Haridasa Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Dasa_(Odia_poet)" title="Jagannatha Dasa (Odia poet)">Jagannatha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanta_Bhatta" title="Jayanta Bhatta">Jayanta Bhatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B1%C4%81ne%C5%9Bvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jñāneśvar">Jñāneśvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanaka_Dasa" title="Kanaka Dasa">Kanaka Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81rila_Bha%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADa" title="Kumārila Bhaṭṭa">Kumārila Bhaṭṭa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhus%C5%ABdana_Sarasvat%C4%AB" title="Madhusūdana Sarasvatī">Madhusūdana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyendranath" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsyendranath">Matsyendranatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morya_Gosavi" title="Morya Gosavi">Morya Gosavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundraj" title="Mukundraj">Mukundarāja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narahari_Tirtha" title="Narahari Tirtha">Narahari Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha_Saraswati" title="Narasimha Saraswati">Narasimha Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayanars" title="Nayanars">Nayanars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarkacharya" title="Nimbarkacharya">Nimbarkacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabh%C4%81kara" title="Prabhākara">Prabhākara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Swami" class="mw-redirect" title="Raghavendra Swami">Raghavendra Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_Siromani" title="Raghunatha Siromani">Raghunatha Siromani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramprasad_Sen" title="Ramprasad Sen">Ramprasad Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupa_Goswami" title="Rupa Goswami">Rupa Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddheshwar" title="Siddheshwar">Siddheshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripada_Srivallabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sripada Srivallabha">Sripada Srivallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdas" title="Surdas">Surdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syama_Sastri" title="Syama Sastri">Śyāma Śastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyagaraja" title="Tyagaraja">Tyagaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81caspati_Mi%C5%9Bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vācaspati Miśra">Vācaspati Miśra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalluvar" title="Thiruvalluvar">Valluvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyaranya" title="Vidyaranya">Vidyaranya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasaraja" class="mw-redirect" title="Vyasaraja">Vyasaraja</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Modern</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati" title="Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati">Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivinoda_Thakur" title="Bhaktivinoda Thakur">Bhaktivinoda Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrashekarendra_Saraswati" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandrashekarendra Saraswati">Chandrashekarendra Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinmayananda">Chinmayananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggi_Vasudev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaggi Vasudev">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnananda_Saraswati" title="Krishnananda Saraswati">Krishnananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavatar_Babaji" title="Mahavatar Babaji">Mahavatar Babaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigamananda_Paramahansa" title="Nigamananda Paramahansa">Nigamananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisargadatta_Maharaj" title="Nisargadatta Maharaj">Nisargadatta Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">Prabhupada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Radhakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramachandra_Dattatrya_Ranade" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramachandra Dattatrya Ranade">R. D. Ranade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama_Tirtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Rama Tirtha">Rama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi" title="Ramana Maharshi">Ramana Maharshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Ramdas" title="Swami Ramdas">Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Samarth" title="Swami Samarth">Samarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sai_Baba_of_Shirdi" title="Sai Baba of Shirdi">Shirdi Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Shraddhanand" title="Swami Shraddhanand">Shraddhanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddharameshwar_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siddharameshwar Maharaj">Siddharameshwar Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailanga" title="Trailanga">Trailanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._G._Krishnamurti" title="U. G. Krishnamurti">U. G. Krishnamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upasni_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Upasni Maharaj">Upasni Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vethathiri_Maharishi" title="Vethathiri Maharishi">Vethathiri Maharishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Yogananda</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C4%81stra_pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87am_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Śāstra pramāṇam in Hinduism">Sources and classification of scripture</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80c%C4%81ra" title="Ācāra">Ācāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmatusti" title="Atmatusti">Ātmatuṣṭi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hindu_texts" title="Timeline of Hindu texts">Timeline of Hindu texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Divisions</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samhitapatha" class="mw-redirect" title="Samhitapatha">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></div></dt></dl> <dl><dd><i>Rigveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Yajurveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitri</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Samaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Atharvaveda:</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedangas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedangas">Vedangas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_metre" title="Vedic metre">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hindu scriptures">Other scriptures</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)"><i>Agama</i>s (Hinduism)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devi_Bhagavata_Purana" title="Devi Bhagavata Purana">Devi Bhagavata Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vamana_Purana" title="Vamana Purana">Vāmana Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matsya_Purana" title="Matsya Purana">Matsya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Purana" title="Brahma Purana">Brahma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmanda_Purana" title="Brahmanda Purana">Brahmanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Vaivarta_Purana" title="Brahma Vaivarta Purana">Brahma Vaivarta Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhavishya_Purana" title="Bhavishya Purana">Bhavishya Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Purana" title="Shiva Purana">Shiva Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linga_Purana" title="Linga Purana">Linga Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kurma_Purana" title="Kurma Purana">Kūrma Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skanda_Purana" title="Skanda Purana">Skanda Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Varaha_Purana" title="Varaha Purana">Varaha Purana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Markandeya_Purana" title="Markandeya Purana">Markandeya Purana</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Vedas#Upaveda" title="Vedas">Upavedas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhanurveda" title="Dhanurveda">Dhanurveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gandharvaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandharvaveda">Gandharvaveda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sthapatyaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sthapatyaveda">Sthapatyaveda</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Shastra" title="Shastra">Shastras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">sutras</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samhita" title="Samhita">samhitas</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharma Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Artha Śastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kama_Sutra" title="Kama Sutra">Kama Sutra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sutras" title="Brahma Sutras">Brahma Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samkhya_Pravachana_Sutra" title="Samkhya Pravachana Sutra">Samkhya Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purva_Mimamsa_Sutras" title="Purva Mimamsa Sutras">Mimamsa Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny%C4%81ya_S%C5%ABtras" title="Nyāya Sūtras">Nyāya Sūtras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vai%C5%9Be%E1%B9%A3ika_S%C5%ABtra" title="Vaiśeṣika Sūtra">Vaiśeṣika Sūtra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pramana" title="Pramana">Pramana Sutras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charaka_Samhita" title="Charaka Samhita">Charaka Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sushruta_Samhita" title="Sushruta Samhita">Sushruta Samhita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchatantra" title="Panchatantra">Panchatantra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramcharitmanas" title="Ramcharitmanas">Ramcharitmanas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Swarodaya" title="Shiva Swarodaya">Swara yoga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Panchadasi" title="Panchadasi">Panchadasi</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotras</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_suktas_and_stutis" title="List of suktas and stutis">stutis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhashya" title="Bhashya">Bhashya</a> </div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kanakadhara_Stotra" title="Kanakadhara Stotra">Kanakadhara Stotra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shiva_Stuti" title="Shiva Stuti">Shiva Stuti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vayu_Stuti" title="Vayu Stuti">Vayu Stuti</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_literature" title="Tamil literature">Tamil literature</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naalayira_Divya_Prabandham" title="Naalayira Divya Prabandham">Naalayira Divya Prabandham</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tirumuruk%C4%81%E1%B9%9F%E1%B9%9Fuppa%E1%B9%ADai" title="Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai">Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiruppukal" title="Tiruppukal">Tiruppukal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kural" title="Kural">Kural</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Great_Epics" title="Five Great Epics">Five Great Epics</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Greater_Texts" title="Eighteen Greater Texts">Eighteen Greater Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Lesser_Texts" title="Eighteen Lesser Texts">Eighteen Lesser Texts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Athichudi" title="Athichudi">Athichudi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iraiyanar_Akapporul" title="Iraiyanar Akapporul">Iraiyanar Akapporul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abirami_Antati" title="Abirami Antati">Abirami Antati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thiruvilaiyadal_Puranam" title="Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam">Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vinayagar_Agaval" title="Vinayagar Agaval">Vinayagar Agaval</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed; border-bottom:1px dotted"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">Other texts</a></div></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Hindu Culture & Society</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Society</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%81ti" title="Jāti">Jāti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotra" title="Gotra">Gotra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Art</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_art" title="Hindu art">Hindu art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_iconography" title="Hindu iconography">Hindu iconography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilpa_Shastras" title="Shilpa Shastras">Shilpa Shastras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_aesthetics" title="Indian aesthetics">Indian aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantra" title="Yantra">Yantra</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Architecture</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_architecture" title="Hindu architecture">Hindu architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Hindu temple architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastu_shastra" title="Vastu shastra">Vastu shastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talamana" title="Talamana">Talamana</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Music</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_music" title="Hindu music">Hindu music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shruti_(music)" title="Shruti (music)">Shruti (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svara" title="Svara">Svara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alank%C4%81ra" title="Alankāra">Alankāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tala_(music)" title="Tala (music)">Tala (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raga" title="Raga">Raga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Rasa (aesthetics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangita" title="Sangita">Sangita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadya" title="Vadya">Vadya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Food & Diet Customs</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Diet in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattvic_diet" title="Sattvic diet">Sattvic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitahara" title="Mitahara">Mitahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhatka" title="Jhatka">Jhatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrata" title="Vrata">Vrata</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Time Keeping Practices</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_units_of_time" title="Hindu units of time">Hindu units of time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchangam" title="Panchangam">Panchangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaka_era" title="Shaka era">Shaka era</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hindu Pilgrimage</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Pilgrimage sites</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Other society-related topics:</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hindu_sentiment" title="Anti-Hindu sentiment">Discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_organisations" title="List of Hindu organisations">Organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_reform_movements" title="Hindu reform movements">Reform movements</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border:1px solid #FFC569;background:#FFC569;padding-top:0.1em;padding-left:3em; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Other topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:#FDE7B9; border:2px solid #FDE7B9"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_by_country" title="Hinduism by country">Hinduism by country</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Greater India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">Balinese Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Shaktism" title="Caribbean Shaktism">Caribbean Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_scriptures_and_texts" title="Template:Hindu scriptures and texts">Template:Hindu scriptures and texts</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ffd6ad; border-top:0px dashed">Hinduism & Other Religions</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Jainism" title="Hinduism and Jainism">Hinduism and Jainism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Hinduism" title="Buddhism and Hinduism">and Buddhism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">and Sikhism</a> / <a 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Shaktism</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms" title="Glossary of Hinduism terms">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Hinduism" title="Outline of Hinduism">Outline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/16px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/23px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/31px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Hinduism portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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hlist" style="border-width:2px;border-style:double;border-color:#FFA500;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_India" title="Category:Culture of India">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:145%;font-weight:heavy;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_India" title="Culture of India">Culture</a> of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-bottom:1.0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Culture of India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ashoka_Chakra.svg/80px-Ashoka_Chakra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ashoka_Chakra.svg/120px-Ashoka_Chakra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ashoka_Chakra.svg/160px-Ashoka_Chakra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" 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style="border-top:1px solid #3E7C32;border-bottom:1px solid #3E7C32;font-size:95%;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/16px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/24px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_India" title="Template:Culture of India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_India" title="Template talk:Culture of India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Manipuri dance</b>, also referred to as the <b>Manipuri Raas Leela</b> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni-Latn">Jagoi Raas/Raas Jagoi</i><sup id="cite_ref-Banerjee_2006_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Banerjee_2006-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sruti_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sruti-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Derek_2006_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Derek_2006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), is a <a href="/wiki/Jagoi" title="Jagoi">jagoi</a> and is one of the major <a href="/wiki/Classical_Indian_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Indian dance">Indian classical dance</a> forms, originating from the state of <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200483–84,_the_other_major_classical_Indian_dances_are:_Bharatanatyam,_Kathak,_Odissi,_Kathakali,_Kuchipudi,_Cchau,_Satriya,_Yaksagana_and_Bhagavata_Mela_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200483–84,_the_other_major_classical_Indian_dances_are:_Bharatanatyam,_Kathak,_Odissi,_Kathakali,_Kuchipudi,_Cchau,_Satriya,_Yaksagana_and_Bhagavata_Mela-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the greatest <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">cultural</a> achievements of the <a href="/wiki/Manipuri_Vaishnavism" title="Manipuri Vaishnavism">traditional Vaishnavism</a> adhering <a href="/wiki/Meitei_people" title="Meitei people">Meitei people</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-indiaculture.gov.in_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiaculture.gov.in-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Owing to the <a href="/wiki/Meitei_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Meitei civilization">Meitei civilization</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the classical dance form, first formally developed by <a href="/wiki/List_of_Meitei_kings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Meitei kings">Meitei Hindu king</a> <span title="Meitei-language text"><i lang="mni"><a href="/wiki/Ching_Thang_Khomba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ching Thang Khomba">Ching Thang Khomba</a></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a> for '<a href="/wiki/Rajarshi_Bhagyachandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajarshi Bhagyachandra">Rajarshi Bhagyachandra</a>') of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Manipur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Manipur">Kingdom of Manipur</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kulasrestha_2006_257_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kulasrestha_2006_257-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Balasubramanian_30_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Balasubramanian_30-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is considered to be the highest spiritual expression of the worship of Hindu deity <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sarwal_25_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sarwal_25-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Owing to its huge influences on the diverse cultural heritages across the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, it is recognised by the <a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi">Sangeet Natak Akademi</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(India)" title="Ministry of Culture (India)">Ministry of Culture</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> as one of the few primary classical dance forms of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of India">Republic of India</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-indiaculture.gov.in_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiaculture.gov.in-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is honoured with the <a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Award#Manipuri" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi Award">Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Manipuri</a> annually.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is referred to as the "national dance" during the Armenia-India joint issue of postage stamps, as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Armenia-India_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenia-India relations">Armenia-India international relations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-panarmenian.net_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-panarmenian.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lragir.am_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lragir.am-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newsinfo.am_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsinfo.am-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is imbued with the devotional themes of <a href="/wiki/Rasa_(aesthetics)" title="Rasa (aesthetics)">Madhura Raas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Radha_Krishna" title="Radha Krishna">Radha-Krishna</a> and characterised by <i>gentle</i> eyes and <i>soft peaceful</i> body movements. The facial expressions are <i>peaceful</i> mostly expressing Bhakti Rasa or the emotion of devotion, no matter if a dancer is Hindu or not. The dance form is based on Hindu scriptures of <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> and is exclusively attached to the worship of <a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>. It is a portrayal of the dance of divine love of Krishna with goddess Radha and the cowherd damsels of Vrindavan, famously known as the <a href="/wiki/Raslila" title="Raslila">Raas Leela</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lochtefeld420_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lochtefeld420-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004177_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004177-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990175–180_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990175–180-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The roots of the <i>Manipuri Raas Leela</i> dance, as with all classical Indian dances, is the ancient <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> Sanskrit text <i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i>, with influences and the culture fusion between various local folk dance forms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xv–xviii_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xv–xviii-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With evidence of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu_temples" class="mw-redirect" title="Vishnu temples">Vishnu temples</a> in the medieval era, this dance form has been passed down verbally from generation to generation as an <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral tradition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989ix–xii,_5–6_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989ix–xii,_5–6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004179_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004179-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a time when other Indian classical dances were struggling to shake off the stigma of decadent crudity and disrepute, the Manipuri classical dance was a top favorite with girls of 'respectable' families. </p><p>This Manipuri dance drama is, for most part is entirely religious and is considered to be a purely spiritual experience.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is accompanied with devotional music created with many instruments, with the beat set by <a href="/wiki/Cymbal" title="Cymbal">cymbals</a> (kartal or <a href="/wiki/Manjira" class="mw-redirect" title="Manjira">manjira</a>) and double-headed drum (pung or Manipuri <a href="/wiki/Mrdanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Mrdanga">mrdanga</a>) of <a href="/wiki/Sankirtan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sankirtan">sankirtan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi198978–84_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi198978–84-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dance drama choreography shares the plays and stories of <i>Vaishnavite Padavalis</i>, that also inspired the major Gaudiya Vaishnava-related performance arts found in Assam and West Bengal.<sup id="cite_ref-lochtefeld420_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lochtefeld420-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though the term <i> Manipuri Dance</i> is associated with the <i>Raas Leela</i>, Manipuri dance consists of <i>jagoi</i>, <i>cholom</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Huyen_langlon" class="mw-redirect" title="Huyen langlon">huyen langlon</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first reliably dated written texts describing the art of Manipuri dance are from the early 18th-century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004179_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004179-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_period">Medieval period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Medieval period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Historical texts of Manipur have not survived into the modern era, and reliable records trace to early 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004178–180_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004178–180-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Theories about the antiquity of Manipuri Raas Leela dance rely on the oral tradition, archaeological discoveries and references about Manipur in Asian manuscripts whose date can be better established.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004178–180_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004178–180-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei language</a> text <i>Bamon Khunthok</i>, which literally means "Brahmin migration", states that Vaishnavism practices were adopted by the king of Manipur in the 15th century CE, arriving from Shan <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pong" title="Kingdom of Pong">Kingdom of Pong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ayyappappanikkar1997-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further waves of Buddhists and Hindus arrived from <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, after mid 16th-century during Hindu-Muslim wars of <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a>, and were welcomed in Manipur. In 1704, the Meitei King <a href="/wiki/Pitambar_Charairongba" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitambar Charairongba">Pitambar Charairongba</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni">Charairongba</i>) adopted Vaishnavism, and declared it to be the state religion.<sup id="cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ayyappappanikkar1997-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1717, the Meitei King <a href="/wiki/Gharib_Nawaz_(Manipur)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)">Gareeb Niwaz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni">Pamheiba</i>) converted to <a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a> style devotional Vaishnavism, which emphasized singing, dancing and religious performance arts centered around Hindu god Krishna.<sup id="cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ayyappappanikkar1997-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1734, devotional dance drama centered around Hindu god Rama expanded Manipuri dance tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ayyappappanikkar1997-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pung_cholom_performer,_Manipur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Pung_cholom_performer%2C_Manipur.jpg/160px-Pung_cholom_performer%2C_Manipur.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Pung_cholom_performer%2C_Manipur.jpg/240px-Pung_cholom_performer%2C_Manipur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Pung_cholom_performer%2C_Manipur.jpg/320px-Pung_cholom_performer%2C_Manipur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1907" data-file-height="2307" /></a><figcaption>A Manipuri dance musician playing <i>pung cholom</i>. The 19th century musician and Hindu Meitei king <a href="/wiki/Chandrakirti_Singh" title="Chandrakirti Singh">Chandra Kirti</a> wrote sixty four drum dances.<sup id="cite_ref-narayan57_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narayan57-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Meitei King <a href="/wiki/Rajarshi_Bhagyachandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajarshi Bhagyachandra">Rajarshi Bhagyachandra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni">Ching-Thang Khomba</i>) (r. 1759–1798 CE) of <a href="/wiki/Manipur_(princely_state)" title="Manipur (princely state)">Manipur State</a> adopted Gaudiya Vaishnavism (Krishna oriented),<sup id="cite_ref-narayan57_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narayan57-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004181–184_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004181–184-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> documented and codified the Manipuri dance style, launching the golden era of its development and refinement.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184–186_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184–186-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He composed three of the five types of <a href="/wiki/Ras_Lila" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras Lila">Raas Leelas</a>, the <i>Maha Raas</i>, the <i>Basanta Raas</i> and the <i>Kunja Raas</i>, performed at the Sri Sri Govindaji temple in <a href="/wiki/Imphal" title="Imphal">Imphal</a> during his reign and also the <i>Achouba Bhangi Pareng</i> dance. He designed an elaborate costume known as <i>Kumil</i> (the cylindrical long mini-mirror-embellished stiff skirt costume, that makes the dancer appear to be floating).<sup id="cite_ref-narayan57_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narayan57-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Govinda Sangeet Lila Vilasa</i>, an important text detailing the fundamentals of the dance, is also attributed to him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184–186_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184–186-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-narayan57_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narayan57-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rajarshi Bhagyachandra is also credited with starting public performances of Raas Leela and Manipuri dances in Hindu temples.<sup id="cite_ref-narayan57_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narayan57-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colorful_cultural_performance_by_artistes,_on_the_occasion_of_the_12th_South_Asian_Games-2016,_at_Indira_Gandhi_Athletics_Stadium,_in_Guwahati,_Assam_on_February_05,_2016_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Colorful_cultural_performance_by_artistes%2C_on_the_occasion_of_the_12th_South_Asian_Games-2016%2C_at_Indira_Gandhi_Athletics_Stadium%2C_in_Guwahati%2C_Assam_on_February_05%2C_2016_%281%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Colorful_cultural_performance_by_artistes%2C_on_the_occasion_of_the_12th_South_Asian_Games-2016%2C_at_Indira_Gandhi_Athletics_Stadium%2C_in_Guwahati%2C_Assam_on_February_05%2C_2016_%281%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Colorful_cultural_performance_by_artistes%2C_on_the_occasion_of_the_12th_South_Asian_Games-2016%2C_at_Indira_Gandhi_Athletics_Stadium%2C_in_Guwahati%2C_Assam_on_February_05%2C_2016_%281%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1480" /></a><figcaption>Pung Cholom performance in 2016</figcaption></figure> <p>Meitei King <a href="/wiki/Gambhir_Singh" title="Gambhir Singh">Gambhir Singh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a>: <i lang="mni">Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba</i>) (r. 1825–1834 CE) composed two <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">parengs</i></span> of the <a href="/wiki/Tandava" title="Tandava">tandava</a> type, the <i>Goshtha Bhangi Pareng</i> and the <i>Goshtha Vrindaban Pareng</i>. King <a href="/wiki/Chandrakirti_Singh" title="Chandrakirti Singh">Chandrakirti Singh</a> (r. 1849–1886 CE), a gifted drummer, composed at least 64 <a href="/wiki/Pung_cholom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pung cholom">Pung choloms</a> (drum dances) and two <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">parengs</i></span> of the <i>Lasya</i> type, the <i>Vrindaban Bhangi Pareng</i> and <i>Khrumba Bhangi Pareng</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-narayan57_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narayan57-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The composition of the <i>Nitya Raas</i> is also attributed to these kings.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_ruling_period">British ruling period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: British ruling period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1891, the British colonial government annexed <a href="/wiki/Manipur_(princely_state)" title="Manipur (princely state)">Manipur</a> into its Empire, marking an end to its golden era of creative systematization and expansion of Manipuri dance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Manipuri Raas Leela</i> dance was thereafter ridiculed as immoral, ignorant and old-fashioned, like all other classical Hindu performance arts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dance and artists survived only in temples, such as in <a href="/wiki/Imphal" title="Imphal">Imphal</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Shree_Govindajee_Temple" title="Shree Govindajee Temple">Shree Govindajee Temple</a>. The cultural discrimination was resisted and the dance revived by <a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a> activists and scholars.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The classical <i>Manipuri Raas Leela dance</i> genre got a second life through the efforts of the Noble Laureate <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004186–187_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004186–187-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1919, he was impressed after seeing a dance composition of <i>Goshtha Lila</i> in <a href="/wiki/Sylhet" title="Sylhet">Sylhet</a> (in present-day <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>). He invited Guru Budhimantra Singh who had trained in <i>Manipuri Raas Leela dance</i>, as faculty to the Indian culture and studies center named <a href="/wiki/Shantiniketan" title="Shantiniketan">Shantiniketan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1926, Guru Naba Kumar joined the faculty to teach the <i>Raas Leela</i>. Other celebrated Gurus, Senarik Singh Rajkumar, Nileshwar Mukherji and Atomba Singh were also invited to teach there and assisted Tagore with the choreography of several of his dance-dramas.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status_and_significance">Status and significance <span class="anchor" id="Status"></span><span class="anchor" id="Significance"></span><span class="anchor" id="Importance"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Status and significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="#International_recognition">§ International recognition</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rasa_Lila_in_Manipuri_dance_style.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Rasa_Lila_in_Manipuri_dance_style.jpg/220px-Rasa_Lila_in_Manipuri_dance_style.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Rasa_Lila_in_Manipuri_dance_style.jpg/330px-Rasa_Lila_in_Manipuri_dance_style.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Rasa_Lila_in_Manipuri_dance_style.jpg/440px-Rasa_Lila_in_Manipuri_dance_style.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2919" data-file-height="1665" /></a><figcaption>Manipuri Raas Leela dancers in traditional costumes.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Hindu_world">In Hindu world</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In Hindu world"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Manipuri classical dance form, which is a masterpiece of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Meitei_kings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Meitei kings">Meitei Hindu king</a> <span title="Meitei-language text"><i lang="mni"><a href="/wiki/Ching_Thang_Khomba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ching Thang Khomba">Ching Thang Khomba</a></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a> for '<a href="/wiki/Rajarshi_Bhagyachandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajarshi Bhagyachandra">Rajarshi Bhagyachandra</a>') of the historical <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Manipur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Manipur">Kingdom of Manipur</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kulasrestha_2006_257_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kulasrestha_2006_257-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Balasubramanian_30_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Balasubramanian_30-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is regarded as the highest spiritual expression of the worship of Hindu deity <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sarwal_25_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sarwal_25-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_India">In India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Native to the <a href="/wiki/Meitei_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Meitei civilization">Meitei civilization</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manipur,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipur, India">Manipur, India</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> having significant cultural influences on the different civilizations across the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, the Manipuri classical dance is recognised by the <a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi">Sangeet Natak Akademi</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(India)" title="Ministry of Culture (India)">Ministry of Culture</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> as one of the few primary classical dance forms of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of India">Republic of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, it is annually honoured with the <a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Award#Manipuri" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi Award">Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Manipuri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Bangladesh">In Bangladesh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Meitei_people_in_Bangladesh#Culture" title="Meitei people in Bangladesh">Meitei culture in Bangladesh</a></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia</a>, the national encyclopedia of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, the importance of Manipuri classical dance in <a href="/wiki/Meitei_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Meitei civilization">Meitei civilization</a> is described as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-Manipuri,_The_-_Banglapedia_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manipuri,_The_-_Banglapedia-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>“Dance and music play a vital role in the life span of <a href="/wiki/Manipuri_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipuri people">Manipuri people</a>. The most flourishing branch of <a href="/wiki/Meitei_culture" title="Meitei culture">Manipuri culture</a> is dance. The <a href="/wiki/Manipuri_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipuri language">Manipuri</a> synonym of dance is <a href="/wiki/Jagoi" title="Jagoi">jagoi</a> and in this dance, body movements create either circle or ellipse. Rasa dance is the finest product of Manipuri culture. <a href="/wiki/Maharaj_Bhagyachandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharaj Bhagyachandra">Maharaj Bhagyachandra</a> innovated it and it was first performed in Manipur in 1779 in the <a href="/wiki/Fullmoon_of_Kartik" class="mw-redirect" title="Fullmoon of Kartik">fullmoon of Kartik</a>.”</i></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Manipuri,_The_-_Banglapedia_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manipuri,_The_-_Banglapedia-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Repertoire">Repertoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Repertoire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manippuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Manippuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur.jpg/220px-Manippuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Manippuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur.jpg/330px-Manippuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Manippuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur.jpg/440px-Manippuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3702" data-file-height="5566" /></a><figcaption>Kaaliyamardana</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Chali</i> or <i>Chari</i> is the basic dance movement in Manipuri <i>Raas</i> dances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The repertoire and underlying play depends on the season. The dances are celebrated on full moon nights, three times in autumn (August through November) and once again in spring (March or April).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Basanta Raas</i> is timed with the Hindu festival of colors called <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a>, while others are timed with post-harvest festivals of <a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a> and others. The plays and songs recited during the dance performance center around the love and frolics between Radha and Krishna, in the presence of <i>Gopis</i> named Lalita, Vishakha, Chitra, Champaklata, Tungavidya, Indurekha, Rangadevi and Sudevi.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990179_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990179-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a composition and dance sequence for each Gopi, and the words have two layers of meanings, one literal and other spiritual. The longest piece of the play focusses on Radha and Krishna.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dancer playing Krishna expresses emotions, while the body language and hand gestures of the Gopi display their feelings such as longing, dejection or cheer.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rhythmic depiction form of <i>abhinaya</i>[acting] is to show the <i>ashtanayika</i> [eight shades of a heroine] in every <i>nayika</i>, which are colored by the scenes of the season in which the "abhisarika" expresses her love for Krishna; so that a <i>kuaasha abhisarika</i> who dances in the foggy winter is very different to the <i>varsha abhisarika</i> who faces the thunderous downpouring rain.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In other plays, the Manipuri dancers are more forceful, acrobatic and their costumes adjust to the need of the dance. Dozens of boys synchronously dance the <i>Gopa Ras</i>, where they enact the chores of daily life such as feeding the cows. In <i>Uddhata Akanba</i>, states Ragini Devi, the dance is full of vigor (jumps, squats, spins), energy and elegance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Costumes">Costumes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Costumes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manipuri_Dance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Manipuri_Dance.jpg/220px-Manipuri_Dance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Manipuri_Dance.jpg/330px-Manipuri_Dance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Manipuri_Dance.jpg/440px-Manipuri_Dance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="834" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption>Female dancers in potloi costumes — <a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a> is in green coloured potloi while the other gopis wear red.</figcaption></figure> <p>The classical Manipuri dance features unique costumes. The women characters are dressed, in doll-like <i>Potloi</i> costumes.<sup id="cite_ref-Devi2010p642_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Devi2010p642-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The brilliant design of the Potloi was conceived in a dream by Vaishnavite Meitei King Rajarshi Bhagyachandra, in which he saw his daughter dancing in a Potloi. The Potloi costumes for women are tailored such that it is avoids <a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">arousal</a> of any unhealthy stimulus in the audience. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Female_garments">Female garments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Female garments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Kumin</i> is an elaborately decorated barrel shaped long skirt stiffened at the bottom and close to the top. The decorations on the barrel include gold and silver embroidery, small pieces of mirrors, and border prints of lotus, <a href="/wiki/Vanda_coerulea" title="Vanda coerulea">Kwaklei orchid</a>, and other items in nature.<sup id="cite_ref-Devi2010p642_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Devi2010p642-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dancers do not wear bells on ankles but do wear anklets and foot ornaments. Manipuri dance artists wear <i>kolu</i> necklaces on the neck and adorn the face, back, waist, hands and legs with round jewellery ornaments or flower garlands that flow with the dress symmetry.<sup id="cite_ref-narayanmanicos_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narayanmanicos-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The face is decorated with the sacred Gaudiya Vaishnava Tilak on the forehead and Gopi dots made of sandalwood above the eyebrows. The symmetrical translucent dress, states Reginald Massey, makes <i><b>"</b>the dancers appear to float on the stage, as if from another world"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Koknam</i> (gauze oveerhead, embossed with silver zari), <i>Koktombi</i> (cap covering the head) and <i>Meikhumbi</i> (a transparent thin veil) thrown over the head to symbolically mark elusiveness. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Male_garments">Male garments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Male garments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sudip_kumar_ghosh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sudip_kumar_ghosh.jpg/220px-Sudip_kumar_ghosh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sudip_kumar_ghosh.jpg/330px-Sudip_kumar_ghosh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sudip_kumar_ghosh.jpg/440px-Sudip_kumar_ghosh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="6016" /></a><figcaption>A male performer as Krishna</figcaption></figure> <p>Men wear <i><a href="/wiki/Kajenglei" title="Kajenglei">Leittreng (Kajenglei)</a></i> (golden headdress around the head) and <i>Chura</i> (made of peacock feathers, wired on top of the head). </p><p>The male characters dress in a <i><a href="/wiki/Dhoti" title="Dhoti">dhoti</a></i> (also called <i><span title="Kannada-language romanization"><i lang="kn-Latn">dhotra</i></span></i> or <i>dhora</i>) – a brilliantly colored broadcloth pleated, wrapped and tied at waist and allowing complete freedom of movement for the legs. Dancers wear a bright yellow-orange dhoti while playing Krishna and a green/blue dhoti while playing Balaram. A crown decorated with peacock feather adorns the dancer's head, who portrays Krishna. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Pung_Cholom" title="Pung Cholom">Pung Cholom</a></i> dancers wear white dhoti that covers the lower part of body from waist and a snow-white turban on the head. A shawl neatly folded adorns their left shoulders while the drum strap falls on their right shoulders. </p><p>The costume tradition of the Manipuri dance celebrates its more ancient artistic local traditions, fused with the spiritual themes of <i>prema</i> <a href="/wiki/Bhava" title="Bhava">bhava</a> of Radha-Krishna found in the tenth book of the <a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Devi2010p642_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Devi2010p642-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Huyen langlon</i> dancers, however, typically wear costumes of Manipuri warriors. The costume varies depending on their gender. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music_and_instruments">Music and instruments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Music and instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The musical accompaniment for Manipuri dance comes from a percussion instrument called the <a href="/wiki/Pung_cholom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pung cholom">Pung</a> (a barrel drum<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), a singer, small <i><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">kartals</i></span></i> (<a href="/wiki/Cymbal" title="Cymbal">cymbals</a>), <i>sembong</i>, harmonium, and wind instrument such as a <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">flute</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_group_of_musicians_and_instruments_at_Jagoi,_the_Manipuri_dance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/A_group_of_musicians_and_instruments_at_Jagoi%2C_the_Manipuri_dance.jpg/220px-A_group_of_musicians_and_instruments_at_Jagoi%2C_the_Manipuri_dance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/A_group_of_musicians_and_instruments_at_Jagoi%2C_the_Manipuri_dance.jpg/330px-A_group_of_musicians_and_instruments_at_Jagoi%2C_the_Manipuri_dance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/A_group_of_musicians_and_instruments_at_Jagoi%2C_the_Manipuri_dance.jpg/440px-A_group_of_musicians_and_instruments_at_Jagoi%2C_the_Manipuri_dance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Musical instruments at Jagoi.</figcaption></figure> <p>The drummers are male artistes and, after learning to play the pung, students train to dance with it while drumming. This dance is celebrated, states Massey, with the dancer wearing white turbans, white <i>dhotis</i> (for Hindu dummers) or <i>kurtas</i> (for Muslim dummers), a folded shawl over the left shoulder, and the drum strap worn over the right shoulder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is known as <a href="/wiki/Pung_cholom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pung cholom">Pung cholom</a>, and the dancer plays the drum and performs the dance jumps and other movements.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another dance called <i>Kartal cholom</i>, is similar to <i>Pung cholom</i>, but the dancers carry and dance to the rhythm created with cymbals.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198–199_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198–199-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is a group dance, where dancers form a circle, move in the same direction while making music and dancing to the rhythm.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Women dance too as groups, such as in the Manipuri dance called <i>Mandilla cholom</i>, and these usually go with devotional songs and playing colorful tassels-string tied cymbals where one side represents Krishna and the other Radha.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shaiva (tandava) dances are choreographed as <i>Duff cholom</i> and <i>Dhol cholom</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The songs in <i><a href="/wiki/Huyen_langlon" class="mw-redirect" title="Huyen langlon">Huyen langlon</a></i> can be played with any Meitei instruments such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Pena_(musical_instrument)" title="Pena (musical instrument)">pena</a></i> and are usually aggressive sounding but they contain no lyrics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Styles_and_categories">Styles and categories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Styles and categories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manipuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Manipuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur_01.jpg/220px-Manipuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Manipuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur_01.jpg/330px-Manipuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Manipuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur_01.jpg/440px-Manipuri_dance_of_India_by_Shagil_Kannur_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5531" data-file-height="3680" /></a><figcaption>Manipuri dance</figcaption></figure> <p>The traditional Manipuri Raas Lila is performed in three styles – <i>Tal Rasak</i>, <i>Danda Rasak</i> and <i>Mandal Rasak</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Tal Rasak is accompanied with clapping, while Danda Rasak is performed by synchronous beat of two sticks but the dancers position it differently to create geometric patterns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gopis dance in a circle around the Krishna character in the center.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Manipuri dance comes in two categories - <i><a href="/wiki/Tandava#Association_with_other_deities" title="Tandava">tandav</a></i> (vigorous dance for the dancer who plays Krishna) and <i><a href="/wiki/Lasya" title="Lasya">lasya</a></i> (delicate<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dance for the dancers who play Radha and Gopis).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193–194_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193–194-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xvi–xviii,_44–45_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xvi–xviii,_44–45-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Manipuri Raas Leela dance style embodies dreamy wavelike movements where one movement dissolves into another like the waves of an ocean. The dance features rounded soft movements of women, and occasional fast movements by male characters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the other classical dance forms of India, the Manipuri dance artists do not wear anklet bells and the footwork is subdued and gentle in the Manipuri style. The stage movements is part of a composite movement of the whole body.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are five types of accepted Ras Leela, they are Maharas, Basantaras, Kunjaras, Nityaras and Dibaras.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Maharas Leela is the most prominent. This dance is performed in the month of Kartik (around November) on a full moon night.<sup id="cite_ref-Himalayan_Bridge_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Himalayan_Bridge-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a story of the Gopis sorrow after the disappearance of Krishna. After seeing the Gopis disheartened, Krishna then reappears and multiplies himself so that he is dancing with each Gopi.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Basantaras is celebrated on Chaitra (around April) on a full moon night welcoming the spring season.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time Holi is also celebrated where participants throw colored water or powder at each other.<sup id="cite_ref-Massey_2004_195_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massey_2004_195-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story of Basantaras is based on Jaidev's Gita Govinda and the Brahma Vavairta Purana.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kunjaras is celebrated on Ashwin (October) in Autumn on a full moon night.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nityaras is celebrated any night of the year except for the previous three raas (Maharas, Basantaras and Kunjaras).<sup id="cite_ref-Himalayan_Bridge_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Himalayan_Bridge-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story is of the divine union of Radha and Krishna after Radha surrenders herself to Krishna.<sup id="cite_ref-Massey_2004_195_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massey_2004_195-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dibaras is celebrated any time of the year during the day besides the periods of Maharas, Basantaras and Kunjaras.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The performance comes from the chapters in the <i>Shri Krishnaras- Sangeet Samgraha</i>, <i>Govinda Leelamritya, Shrimad Bhagavata</i> and <i>Sangitamahava.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:1_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_recognition">International recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: International recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Armenia-India_relations">In Armenia-India relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: In Armenia-India relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Manipuri classical dance is illustrated in a postage stamp issued by <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> in 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-lragir.am_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lragir.am-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where it is referred to as the "National Dances" (of India and Armenia respectively), along with the Armenian <a href="/wiki/Armenian_dance" title="Armenian dance">Hov Arek</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Armenia–India relations">Armenia-India</a> joint issue of postage stamps.<sup id="cite_ref-panarmenian.net_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-panarmenian.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lragir.am_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lragir.am-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newsinfo.am_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsinfo.am-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_international_cultural_events">In international cultural events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In international cultural events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Manipuri classical dance is recognised as well as honoured in numerous international platforms, including but not limited to the <i>International Classical Manipuri Dance Festival</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i><a href="/wiki/International_Dance_Day" title="International Dance Day">International Dance Day</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>International Dance Festival-Silicon Valley</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>Samarpan, an international classical Manipuri dance festival</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>International Indian Classical Dance festival (INDICLAD)</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i>International Folk-Lore Festival</i>, the <i>Opening Ceremony of <a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, 1986 as well as the <i>5th International Theatre Festival</i>, London, 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_and_culture_of_Manipur" class="mw-redirect" title="Art and culture of Manipur">Art and culture of Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajkumar_Singhajit_Singh" title="Rajkumar Singhajit Singh">Rajkumar Singhajit Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darshana_Jhaveri" title="Darshana Jhaveri">Darshana Jhaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_Sankirtana" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipuri Sankirtana">Manipuri Sankirtana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_classical_language_movement" title="Meitei classical language movement">Meitei classical language movement</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reflection">Reflection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Reflection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Banerjee_2006-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Banerjee_2006_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Banerjee_2006_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBanerjee2006" class="citation book cs1">Banerjee, Utpal Kumar (2006). <i>Indian Performing Arts: A Mosaic</i>. Harman Publishing House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-86622-75-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-86622-75-9"><bdi>978-81-86622-75-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Performing+Arts%3A+A+Mosaic&rft.pub=Harman+Publishing+House&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-81-86622-75-9&rft.aulast=Banerjee&rft.aufirst=Utpal+Kumar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sruti-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sruti_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sruti_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Sruti</i>. P.N. Sundaresan. 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sruti&rft.pub=P.N.+Sundaresan&rft.date=2006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Derek_2006-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Derek_2006_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Derek_2006_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDerek2006" class="citation book cs1">Derek, O' Brien (2006). <i>Knowledge Trek 7, 2/E</i>. Pearson Education India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7758-055-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7758-055-6"><bdi>978-81-7758-055-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Knowledge+Trek+7%2C+2%2FE&rft.pub=Pearson+Education+India&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-81-7758-055-6&rft.aulast=Derek&rft.aufirst=O%27+Brien&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Cultural_Heritage_of_Manipur_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeiteiChaudhuriArunkumar2020" class="citation book cs1">Meitei, Sanjenbam Yaiphaba; Chaudhuri, Sarit K.; Arunkumar, M. C. (25 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FhUHEAAAQBAJ&dq=bhagyachandra+classical+dance&pg=PA55"><i>The Cultural Heritage of Manipur</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-29629-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-29629-7"><bdi>978-1-000-29629-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cultural+Heritage+of+Manipur&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020-11-25&rft.isbn=978-1-000-29629-7&rft.aulast=Meitei&rft.aufirst=Sanjenbam+Yaiphaba&rft.au=Chaudhuri%2C+Sarit+K.&rft.au=Arunkumar%2C+M.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFhUHEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dbhagyachandra%2Bclassical%2Bdance%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kulasrestha_2006_257-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kulasrestha_2006_257_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kulasrestha_2006_257_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kulasrestha_2006_257_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKulasrestha2006" class="citation book cs1">Kulasrestha, Mahendra (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MKQznGABS_cC&dq=bhagyachandra+classical+dance&pg=PA257"><i>Culture India</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotus Press">Lotus Press</a>. p. 257. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8382-013-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8382-013-4"><bdi>978-81-8382-013-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+India&rft.pages=257&rft.pub=Lotus+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-81-8382-013-4&rft.aulast=Kulasrestha&rft.aufirst=Mahendra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMKQznGABS_cC%26dq%3Dbhagyachandra%2Bclassical%2Bdance%26pg%3DPA257&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Balasubramanian_30-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Balasubramanian_30_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Balasubramanian_30_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Balasubramanian_30_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalasubramanian" class="citation book cs1">Balasubramanian, G. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tSqMi1h7dVcC&dq=bhagyachandra+classical+dance&pg=PA30"><i>A beautiful life: Value education & life skills</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Pearson_Education_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearson Education India">Pearson Education India</a>. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-317-6644-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-317-6644-6"><bdi>978-81-317-6644-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+beautiful+life%3A+Value+education+%26+life+skills&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Pearson+Education+India&rft.isbn=978-81-317-6644-6&rft.aulast=Balasubramanian&rft.aufirst=G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtSqMi1h7dVcC%26dq%3Dbhagyachandra%2Bclassical%2Bdance%26pg%3DPA30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/list/6-classical-dances-of-india">"6 Classical Dances of India | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=6+Classical+Dances+of+India+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Flist%2F6-classical-dances-of-india&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200483–84,_the_other_major_classical_Indian_dances_are:_Bharatanatyam,_Kathak,_Odissi,_Kathakali,_Kuchipudi,_Cchau,_Satriya,_Yaksagana_and_Bhagavata_Mela-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200483–84,_the_other_major_classical_Indian_dances_are:_Bharatanatyam,_Kathak,_Odissi,_Kathakali,_Kuchipudi,_Cchau,_Satriya,_Yaksagana_and_Bhagavata_Mela_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2004">Williams 2004</a>, pp. 83–84, the other major classical Indian dances are: Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Odissi, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Cchau, Satriya, Yaksagana and Bhagavata Mela.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indiaculture.gov.in-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-indiaculture.gov.in_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indiaculture.gov.in_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiaculture.gov.in/dance">"Dance | Ministry of Culture, Government of India"</a>. <i>www.indiaculture.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.indiaculture.gov.in&rft.atitle=Dance+%7C+Ministry+of+Culture%2C+Government+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiaculture.gov.in%2Fdance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiaculture.gov.in/dance">"Dance | Ministry of Culture, Government of India"</a>. <i>www.indiaculture.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.indiaculture.gov.in&rft.atitle=Dance+%7C+Ministry+of+Culture%2C+Government+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiaculture.gov.in%2Fdance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sarwal_25-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sarwal_25_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sarwal_25_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarwal2022" class="citation book cs1">Sarwal, Amit (15 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCVuEAAAQBAJ&dq=ching+thang+khomba+classical+dance&pg=PT25"><i>The Celestial Dancers: Manipuri Dance on Australian Stage</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-62550-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-62550-9"><bdi>978-1-000-62550-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Celestial+Dancers%3A+Manipuri+Dance+on+Australian+Stage&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2022-05-15&rft.isbn=978-1-000-62550-9&rft.aulast=Sarwal&rft.aufirst=Amit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZCVuEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dching%2Bthang%2Bkhomba%2Bclassical%2Bdance%26pg%3DPT25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216050006/http://www.sangeetnatak.com/sna/awardeeslist.htm">"Sangeet Natak Akademi Puraskar (Akademi Awards)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi">Sangeet Natak Akademi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(India)" title="Ministry of Culture (India)">Ministry of Culture</a>, Government of India</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sangeetnatak.com/sna/awardeeslist.htm">the original</a> on 16 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sangeet+Natak+Akademi%2C+Ministry+of+Culture%2C+Government+of+India&rft.atitle=Sangeet+Natak+Akademi+Puraskar+%28Akademi+Awards%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sangeetnatak.com%2Fsna%2Fawardeeslist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-panarmenian.net-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-panarmenian.net_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-panarmenian.net_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://panarmenian.net/m/eng/news/259456">"Two new postage stamps celebrate Armenian, Indian national dances"</a>. <i>panarmenian.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=panarmenian.net&rft.atitle=Two+new+postage+stamps+celebrate+Armenian%2C+Indian+national+dances&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpanarmenian.net%2Fm%2Feng%2Fnews%2F259456&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lragir.am-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lragir.am_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lragir.am_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lragir.am_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lragir.am/en/2018/08/29/69092">"Two new postage stamps dedicated to "Armenia-India joint issue. National dances" theme"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Two+new+postage+stamps+dedicated+to+%22Armenia-India+joint+issue.+National+dances%22+theme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lragir.am%2Fen%2F2018%2F08%2F29%2F69092&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newsinfo.am-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newsinfo.am_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsinfo.am_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsinfo.am/eng/article/view/EkDbYf9yDr">"Two new postage stamps celebrate Armenian, Indian national dances"</a>. <i>www.newsinfo.am</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.newsinfo.am&rft.atitle=Two+new+postage+stamps+celebrate+Armenian%2C+Indian+national+dances&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsinfo.am%2Feng%2Farticle%2Fview%2FEkDbYf9yDr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lochtefeld420-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lochtefeld420_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lochtefeld420_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_G._Lochtefeld2002" class="citation book cs1">James G. Lochtefeld (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5kl0DYIjUPgC&pg=PA376"><i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M</i></a>. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 420–421. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-3179-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-3179-8"><bdi>978-0-8239-3179-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism%3A+A-M&rft.pages=420-421&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8239-3179-8&rft.au=James+G.+Lochtefeld&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5kl0DYIjUPgC%26pg%3DPA376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004177-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004177_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, p. 177.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990175–180-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990175–180_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRagini_Devi1990">Ragini Devi 1990</a>, pp. 175–180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xv–xviii-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xv–xviii_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaryu_Doshi1989">Saryu Doshi 1989</a>, pp. xv–xviii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989ix–xii,_5–6-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989ix–xii,_5–6_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaryu_Doshi1989">Saryu Doshi 1989</a>, pp. ix–xii, 5–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004179-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004179_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004179_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, p. 179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993174–175_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993">Farley P. Richmond, Darius L. Swann & Phillip B. Zarrilli 1993</a>, pp. 174–175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990176_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRagini_Devi1990">Ragini Devi 1990</a>, p. 176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi198978–84-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi198978–84_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaryu_Doshi1989">Saryu Doshi 1989</a>, pp. 78–84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChowdhurie2014" class="citation news cs1">Chowdhurie, Tapati (2 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/dance/gem-of-a-journey/article5530221.ece">"Gem of a journey"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Gem+of+a+journey&rft.date=2014-01-02&rft.aulast=Chowdhurie&rft.aufirst=Tapati&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Ffeatures%2Ffriday-review%2Fdance%2Fgem-of-a-journey%2Farticle5530221.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.esamskriti.com/essays/pdf/14-dec-manipuri-dance-a-journey.pdf">https://www.esamskriti.com/essays/pdf/14-dec-manipuri-dance-a-journey.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-the-arts/story/19790815-manipuri-dance-elbowed-out-by-bharat-natyam-odissi-kathak-822668-2014-02-22">"Manipuri dance elbowed out by Bharat Natyam, Odissi, Kathak"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Manipuri+dance+elbowed+out+by+Bharat+Natyam%2C+Odissi%2C+Kathak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Fmagazine%2Fsociety-the-arts%2Fstory%2F19790815-manipuri-dance-elbowed-out-by-bharat-natyam-odissi-kathak-822668-2014-02-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004178–180-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004178–180_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004178–180_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, pp. 178–180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ayyappappanikkar1997-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ayyappappanikkar1997_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFK_Ayyappap_Panikkar1997" class="citation book cs1">K Ayyappap Panikkar (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KYLpvaKJIMEC&pg=PA327"><i>Medieval Indian Literature: Surveys and selections</i></a>. Sahitya Akademi. pp. 325–329. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-260-0365-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-260-0365-5"><bdi>978-81-260-0365-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Indian+Literature%3A+Surveys+and+selections&rft.pages=325-329&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-81-260-0365-5&rft.au=K+Ayyappap+Panikkar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKYLpvaKJIMEC%26pg%3DPA327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-narayan57-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-narayan57_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-narayan57_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-narayan57_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-narayan57_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-narayan57_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-narayan57_30-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShovana_Narayan2011" class="citation book cs1">Shovana Narayan (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zLOiaGDLYOAC"><i>The Sterling Book of Indian Classical Dance</i></a>. Sterling Publishers. pp. 55–58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-207-9078-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-207-9078-0"><bdi>978-81-207-9078-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sterling+Book+of+Indian+Classical+Dance&rft.pages=55-58&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishers&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-81-207-9078-0&rft.au=Shovana+Narayan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzLOiaGDLYOAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004181–184-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004181–184_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, pp. 181–184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184–186-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184–186_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184–186_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, pp. 184–186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Singha, R. and Massey R. (1967) <i>Indian Dances, Their History and Growth</i>, Faber and Faber, London, pp.175–77</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004185–186_34-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, pp. 185–186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004186–187-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004186–187_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, pp. 186–187.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaorem_Sanajaoba1988" class="citation book cs1">Naorem Sanajaoba (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-CzSQKVmveUC&pg=PA131"><i>Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization</i></a>. Mittal Publications. p. 131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7099-853-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7099-853-2"><bdi>978-81-7099-853-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manipur%2C+Past+and+Present%3A+The+Heritage+and+Ordeals+of+a+Civilization&rft.pages=131&rft.pub=Mittal+Publications&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-81-7099-853-2&rft.au=Naorem+Sanajaoba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-CzSQKVmveUC%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Singha, R. and Massey R. (1967) <i>Indian Dances, Their History and Growth</i>, Faber and Faber, London</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiaculture.gov.in/dance">"Dance | Ministry of Culture, Government of India"</a>. <i>www.indiaculture.gov.in</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.indiaculture.gov.in&rft.atitle=Dance+%7C+Ministry+of+Culture%2C+Government+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiaculture.gov.in%2Fdance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216050006/http://www.sangeetnatak.com/sna/awardeeslist.htm">"Sangeet Natak Akademi Puraskar (Akademi Awards)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi">Sangeet Natak Akademi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(India)" title="Ministry of Culture (India)">Ministry of Culture</a>, Government of India</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sangeetnatak.com/sna/awardeeslist.htm">the original</a> on 16 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sangeet+Natak+Akademi%2C+Ministry+of+Culture%2C+Government+of+India&rft.atitle=Sangeet+Natak+Akademi+Puraskar+%28Akademi+Awards%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sangeetnatak.com%2Fsna%2Fawardeeslist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Manipuri,_The_-_Banglapedia-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Manipuri,_The_-_Banglapedia_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manipuri,_The_-_Banglapedia_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-location-test"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Manipuri,_The">"Manipuri, The - Banglapedia"</a>. <i>en.banglapedia.org</i>. Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2023</span>. <q>... Dance and music play a vital role in the life span of Manipuri people. The most flourishing branch of Manipuri culture is dance. The Manipuri synonym of dance is jagoi and in this dance, body movements create either circle or ellipse. Rasa dance is the finest product of Manipuri culture. Maharaj Bhagyachandra innovated it and it was first performed in Manipur in 1779 in the fullmoon of Kartik. ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.banglapedia.org&rft.atitle=Manipuri%2C+The+-+Banglapedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%2FManipuri%2C_The&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990177–179_41-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRagini_Devi1990">Ragini Devi 1990</a>, pp. 177–179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990179-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERagini_Devi1990179_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRagini_Devi1990">Ragini Devi 1990</a>, p. 179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShovana_Narayan2011" class="citation book cs1">Shovana Narayan (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zLOiaGDLYOAC"><i>The Sterling Book of Indian Classical Dance</i></a>. Sterling Publishers. pp. 58–59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-207-9078-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-207-9078-0"><bdi>978-81-207-9078-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sterling+Book+of+Indian+Classical+Dance&rft.pages=58-59&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishers&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-81-207-9078-0&rft.au=Shovana+Narayan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzLOiaGDLYOAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.firstpost.com/art-and-culture/know-your-classical-dances-manipuri-raas-leela-and-its-exploration-of-love-both-romantic-and-spiritual-10438021.html">Manipuri Raas Leela</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Devi2010p642-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Devi2010p642_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Devi2010p642_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Devi2010p642_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamini_Devi2010" class="citation book cs1">Jamini Devi (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wLzDLsEYZGQC&pg=PA63"><i>Cultural History of Manipur: Sija Laioibi and the Maharas</i></a>. Mittal Publications. pp. 61–69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8324-342-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8324-342-1"><bdi>978-81-8324-342-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cultural+History+of+Manipur%3A+Sija+Laioibi+and+the+Maharas&rft.pages=61-69&rft.pub=Mittal+Publications&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-81-8324-342-1&rft.au=Jamini+Devi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwLzDLsEYZGQC%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-narayanmanicos-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-narayanmanicos_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShovana_Narayan2011" class="citation book cs1">Shovana Narayan (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zLOiaGDLYOAC"><i>The Sterling Book of Indian Classical Dance</i></a>. Sterling Publishers. pp. 57–58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-207-9078-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-207-9078-0"><bdi>978-81-207-9078-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sterling+Book+of+Indian+Classical+Dance&rft.pages=57-58&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishers&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-81-207-9078-0&rft.au=Shovana+Narayan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzLOiaGDLYOAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004184_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_J._ClausSarah_DiamondMargaret_Ann_Mills2003" class="citation book cs1">Peter J. Claus; Sarah Diamond; Margaret Ann Mills (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ienxrTPHzzwC"><i>South Asian Folklore: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Routledge. p. 514. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-93919-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-93919-5"><bdi>978-0-415-93919-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Asian+Folklore%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=514&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-93919-5&rft.au=Peter+J.+Claus&rft.au=Sarah+Diamond&rft.au=Margaret+Ann+Mills&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DienxrTPHzzwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, p. 198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS_Prajnanananda1981" class="citation book cs1">S Prajnanananda (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=guXibgtWsNwC"><i>A historical study of Indian music</i></a>. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 223. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788121501774" title="Special:BookSources/9788121501774"><bdi>9788121501774</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+historical+study+of+Indian+music&rft.pages=223&rft.pub=Munshiram+Manoharlal&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=9788121501774&rft.au=S+Prajnanananda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DguXibgtWsNwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198–199-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004198–199_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, pp. 198–199.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004199_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, p. 199.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193_53-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, p. 193.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVimalakānta_Rôya_Caudhurī2000" class="citation book cs1">Vimalakānta Rôya Caudhurī (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofhind00roya"><i>The Dictionary of Hindustani Classical Music</i></a></span>. Motilal Banarsidass. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofhind00roya/page/80">80</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1708-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1708-1"><bdi>978-81-208-1708-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dictionary+of+Hindustani+Classical+Music&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1708-1&rft.au=Vimalak%C4%81nta+R%C3%B4ya+Caudhur%C4%AB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofhind00roya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193–194-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReginald_Massey2004193–194_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReginald_Massey2004">Reginald Massey 2004</a>, pp. 193–194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xvi–xviii,_44–45-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaryu_Doshi1989xvi–xviii,_44–45_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaryu_Doshi1989">Saryu Doshi 1989</a>, pp. xvi–xviii, 44–45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManna2020" class="citation web cs1">Manna, Subhendu (July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343246570">"The Emergence of Gaudiya Vaishnavism in Manipur and its Impact on Nat Sankirtana"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Emergence+of+Gaudiya+Vaishnavism+in+Manipur+and+its+Impact+on+Nat+Sankirtana&rft.date=2020-07&rft.aulast=Manna&rft.aufirst=Subhendu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F343246570&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Himalayan_Bridge-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Himalayan_Bridge_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Himalayan_Bridge_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumarDriemStobdan2020" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Niraj; Driem, George van; Stobdan, Phunchok (18 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f-TzDwAAQBAJ&dq=maha+ras+manipuri&pg=PT306"><i>Himalayan Bridge</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-21551-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-21551-9"><bdi>978-1-000-21551-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Himalayan+Bridge&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020-11-18&rft.isbn=978-1-000-21551-9&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Niraj&rft.au=Driem%2C+George+van&rft.au=Stobdan%2C+Phunchok&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df-TzDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dmaha%2Bras%2Bmanipuri%26pg%3DPT306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDevi2018" class="citation journal cs1">Devi, Elangbam Radharani (June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339290023">"Maharas Leela of Manipur"</a>. <i>Spectrum</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 104–105.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spectrum&rft.atitle=Maharas+Leela+of+Manipur&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=104-105&rft.date=2018-06&rft.aulast=Devi&rft.aufirst=Elangbam+Radharani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F339290023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumarDriemStobdan2020" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Niraj; Driem, George van; Stobdan, Phunchok (18 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f-TzDwAAQBAJ&q=basantaras&pg=PT306"><i>Himalayan Bridge</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-21551-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-21551-9"><bdi>978-1-000-21551-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Himalayan+Bridge&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020-11-18&rft.isbn=978-1-000-21551-9&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Niraj&rft.au=Driem%2C+George+van&rft.au=Stobdan%2C+Phunchok&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df-TzDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dbasantaras%26pg%3DPT306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Massey_2004_195-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Massey_2004_195_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massey_2004_195_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassey2004" class="citation book cs1">Massey, Reginald (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t6MJ8jbHqIwC&q=tandav+and+lasya&pg=PA5"><i>India's Dances: Their History, Technique, and Repertoire</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. p. 195. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-434-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-434-9"><bdi>978-81-7017-434-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%27s+Dances%3A+Their+History%2C+Technique%2C+and+Repertoire&rft.pages=195&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-434-9&rft.aulast=Massey&rft.aufirst=Reginald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt6MJ8jbHqIwC%26q%3Dtandav%2Band%2Blasya%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDevi2019" class="citation journal cs1">Devi, Dr. Pukhrambam Lilabati (8 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.researchdirections.org/Management/articleupload/article855.pdf">"A Performance Study of the Raas Leela in Manipur"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Research Directions</i>. <b>6</b> (8): 27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Research+Directions&rft.atitle=A+Performance+Study+of+the+Raas+Leela+in+Manipur&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=27&rft.date=2019-01-08&rft.aulast=Devi&rft.aufirst=Dr.+Pukhrambam+Lilabati&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchdirections.org%2FManagement%2Farticleupload%2Farticle855.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumarDriemStobdan2020" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Niraj; Driem, George van; Stobdan, Phunchok (18 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f-TzDwAAQBAJ&q=tandav&pg=PT306"><i>Himalayan Bridge</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thesangaiexpress.com&rft.atitle=Intl+dance+fest+today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesangaiexpress.com%2FEncyc%2F2019%2F10%2F19%2FIMPHAL-Oct-19-Samarpan-an-international-classical-Manipuri-dance-festival-participated-by-several-Manipuri-classical-dancers-from-Bangladesh-will-be-held-tomorrow-at-the-auditorium-of-Jawaharlal-.amp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iskconnews.org/iskcon-manipur-to-host-international-dance-festival/">"ISKCON Manipur to Host International Dance Festival"</a>. <i>ISKCON News</i>. 7 February 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ISKCON+News&rft.atitle=ISKCON+Manipur+to+Host+International+Dance+Festival&rft.date=2010-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiskconnews.org%2Fiskcon-manipur-to-host-international-dance-festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.mygov.in/artiste-of-the-yesteryears-akham-lakshmi-devi/">"Artiste of the Yesteryears: Akham Lakshmi Devi"</a>. <i>mygov.in</i>. Government of India<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mygov.in&rft.atitle=Artiste+of+the+Yesteryears%3A+Akham+Lakshmi+Devi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.mygov.in%2Fartiste-of-the-yesteryears-akham-lakshmi-devi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Meetei Mayek" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Meetei_Mayek_letter_I.svg/34px-Meetei_Mayek_letter_I.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Meetei_Mayek_letter_I.svg/50px-Meetei_Mayek_letter_I.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Meetei_Mayek_letter_I.svg/67px-Meetei_Mayek_letter_I.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="581" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Meitei_script" title="Meitei script">the Meitei alphabet</a>.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Meitei_script_display_help" title="Wikipedia:Meitei script display help">rendering support</a>, you may see errors in display.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaryu_Doshi1989" class="citation book cs1">Saryu Doshi (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xRbkAAAAMAAJ"><i>Dances of Manipur: The Classical Tradition</i></a>. Marg Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-85026-09-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-85026-09-1"><bdi>978-81-85026-09-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dances+of+Manipur%3A+The+Classical+Tradition&rft.pub=Marg+Publications&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-81-85026-09-1&rft.au=Saryu+Doshi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxRbkAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Manipuri</i> by R K Singhajit Singh, <i>Dances of India</i> series, Wisdom Tree, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-86685-15-4" title="Special:BookSources/81-86685-15-4">81-86685-15-4</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDevi2014" class="citation book cs1">Devi, Pukhrambam Lilabati (2014). <i>Pedagogic Perspectives in Indian Classical Dance: The Manipuri and The Bharatanatyam</i>. Ruby Press & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9382395393" title="Special:BookSources/978-9382395393"><bdi>978-9382395393</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pedagogic+Perspectives+in+Indian+Classical+Dance%3A+The+Manipuri+and+The+Bharatanatyam&rft.pub=Ruby+Press+%26+Company&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-9382395393&rft.aulast=Devi&rft.aufirst=Pukhrambam+Lilabati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRagini_Devi1990" class="citation book cs1">Ragini Devi (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dancedialectsofi0000ragi"><i>Dance Dialects of India</i></a></span>. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0674-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0674-0"><bdi>978-81-208-0674-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dance+Dialects+of+India&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0674-0&rft.au=Ragini+Devi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdancedialectsofi0000ragi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNatalia_Lidova2014" class="citation book cs1">Natalia Lidova (2014). <i>Natyashastra</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fobo%2F9780195399318-0071">10.1093/obo/9780195399318-0071</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Natyashastra&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fobo%2F9780195399318-0071&rft.au=Natalia+Lidova&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNatalia_Lidova1994" class="citation book cs1">Natalia Lidova (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3TKarwqJJP0C"><i>Drama and Ritual of Early Hinduism</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1234-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1234-5"><bdi>978-81-208-1234-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Drama+and+Ritual+of+Early+Hinduism&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1234-5&rft.au=Natalia+Lidova&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3TKarwqJJP0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2004" class="citation journal cs1">Williams, Drid (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304121105/http://jashm.press.illinois.edu/12.3/12-3IntheShadow_Williams78-99.pdf">"In the Shadow of Hollywood Orientalism: Authentic East Indian Dancing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Visual Anthropology</i>. <b>17</b> (1). Routledge: 69–98. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F08949460490274013">10.1080/08949460490274013</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:29065670">29065670</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jashm.press.illinois.edu/12.3/12-3IntheShadow_Williams78-99.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Visual+Anthropology&rft.atitle=In+the+Shadow+of+Hollywood+Orientalism%3A+Authentic+East+Indian+Dancing&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=69-98&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F08949460490274013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A29065670%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Drid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjashm.press.illinois.edu%2F12.3%2F12-3IntheShadow_Williams78-99.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarla_Mehta1995" class="citation book cs1">Tarla Mehta (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l7naMj1UxIkC"><i>Sanskrit Play Production in Ancient India</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1057-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1057-0"><bdi>978-81-208-1057-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sanskrit+Play+Production+in+Ancient+India&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1057-0&rft.au=Tarla+Mehta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl7naMj1UxIkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReginald_Massey2004" class="citation book cs1">Reginald Massey (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t6MJ8jbHqIwC"><i>India's Dances: Their History, Technique, and Repertoire</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-434-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-434-9"><bdi>978-81-7017-434-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%27s+Dances%3A+Their+History%2C+Technique%2C+and+Repertoire&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-434-9&rft.au=Reginald+Massey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt6MJ8jbHqIwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmmie_Te_Nijenhuis1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Emmie_te_Nijenhuis" title="Emmie te Nijenhuis">Emmie Te Nijenhuis</a> (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NrgfAAAAIAAJ"><i>Indian Music: History and Structure</i></a>. BRILL Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-03978-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-03978-3"><bdi>90-04-03978-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Music%3A+History+and+Structure&rft.pub=BRILL+Academic&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=90-04-03978-3&rft.au=Emmie+Te+Nijenhuis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNrgfAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapila_Vatsyayan2001" class="citation book cs1">Kapila Vatsyayan (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zKW1PAAACAAJ"><i>Bharata, the Nāṭyaśāstra</i></a>. Sahitya Akademi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1220-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-260-1220-6"><bdi>978-81-260-1220-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bharata%2C+the+N%C4%81%E1%B9%ADya%C5%9B%C4%81stra&rft.pub=Sahitya+Akademi&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-81-260-1220-6&rft.au=Kapila+Vatsyayan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzKW1PAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapila_Vatsyayan1977" class="citation book cs1">Kapila Vatsyayan (1977). <i>Classical Indian dance in literature and the arts</i>. Sangeet Natak Akademi. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/233639306">233639306</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Classical+Indian+dance+in+literature+and+the+arts&rft.pub=Sangeet+Natak+Akademi&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F233639306&rft.au=Kapila+Vatsyayan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.mpib-berlin.mpg.de/toc/z2008_2719.pdf">Table of Contents</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapila_Vatsyayan1974" class="citation book cs1">Kapila Vatsyayan (1974). <i>Indian classical dance</i>. Sangeet Natak Akademi. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2238067">2238067</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+classical+dance&rft.pub=Sangeet+Natak+Akademi&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2238067&rft.au=Kapila+Vatsyayan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapila_Vatsyayan2008" class="citation book cs1">Kapila Vatsyayan (2008). <i>Aesthetic theories and forms in Indian tradition</i>. Munshiram Manoharlal. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8187586357" title="Special:BookSources/978-8187586357"><bdi>978-8187586357</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/286469807">286469807</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aesthetic+theories+and+forms+in+Indian+tradition&rft.pub=Munshiram+Manoharlal&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F286469807&rft.isbn=978-8187586357&rft.au=Kapila+Vatsyayan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapila_Vatsyayan" class="citation book cs1">Kapila Vatsyayan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=58fUibaZdGYC"><i>Dance In Indian Painting</i></a>. Abhinav Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-153-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7017-153-9"><bdi>978-81-7017-153-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dance+In+Indian+Painting&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-153-9&rft.au=Kapila+Vatsyayan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D58fUibaZdGYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallace_Dace1963" class="citation journal cs1">Wallace Dace (1963). "The Concept of "Rasa" in Sanskrit Dramatic Theory". <i>Educational Theatre Journal</i>. <b>15</b> (3): 249–254. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3204783">10.2307/3204783</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3204783">3204783</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Educational+Theatre+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Concept+of+%22Rasa%22+in+Sanskrit+Dramatic+Theory&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=249-254&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3204783&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3204783%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Wallace+Dace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarley_P._RichmondDarius_L._SwannPhillip_B._Zarrilli1993" class="citation book cs1">Farley P. Richmond; Darius L. Swann; Phillip B. Zarrilli (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OroCOEqkVg4C"><i>Indian Theatre: Traditions of Performance</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0981-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0981-9"><bdi>978-81-208-0981-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Theatre%3A+Traditions+of+Performance&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0981-9&rft.au=Farley+P.+Richmond&rft.au=Darius+L.+Swann&rft.au=Phillip+B.+Zarrilli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOroCOEqkVg4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManipuri+dance" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manipuri_dance&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Classical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recognised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathak" title="Kathak">Kathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchipudi" title="Kuchipudi">Kuchipudi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odissi" title="Odissi">Odissi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattriya" title="Sattriya">Sattriya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Natyam" title="Andhra Natyam">Andhra Natyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_dance" title="Chhau dance">Chhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deknni" title="Deknni">Deknni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Nritya" title="Gaudiya Nritya">Gaudiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotipua" title="Gotipua">Gotipua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahari_dance" title="Mahari dance">Mahari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divine forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja" title="Nataraja">Nataraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandava" title="Tandava">Tandava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasa_lila" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasa lila">Rasa lila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasya" title="Lasya">Lasya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_folk_dances" title="List of Indian folk dances">Folk</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_folk_dances" title="List of Indian folk dances">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkap" title="Alkap">Alkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baagh_Naach" class="mw-redirect" title="Baagh Naach">Baagh Naach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagurumba" title="Bagurumba">Bagurumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardo_Chham" title="Bardo Chham">Bardo Chham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardwi_Sikhla" title="Bardwi Sikhla">Bardwi Sikhla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedara_Vesha" title="Bedara Vesha">Bedara Vesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhangra_(dance)" title="Bhangra (dance)">Bhangra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihu_dance" title="Bihu dance">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bommalattam" title="Bommalattam">Bommalattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakyar_koothu" title="Chakyar koothu">Chakyar koothu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang_dance" title="Chang dance">Chang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang_Lo" title="Chang Lo">Chang Lo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheraw_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheraw dance">Cheraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chheih_Lam" title="Chheih Lam">Chheih Lam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chholiya" title="Chholiya">Chholiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corridinho" title="Corridinho">Corridinho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalkhai" title="Dalkhai">Dalkhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandiya_Raas" title="Dandiya Raas">Dandiya Raas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalo" title="Dhalo">Dhalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhunuchi_Nritya" title="Dhunuchi Nritya">Dhunachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollu_Kunitha" title="Dollu Kunitha">Dollu Kunitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domkach" title="Domkach">Domkach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domni" title="Domni">Domni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffmuttu" title="Duffmuttu">Duffmuttu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumhal" title="Dumhal">Dumhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fugdi" title="Fugdi">Fugdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garadi" title="Garadi">Garadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garba_(dance)" title="Garba (dance)">Garba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giddha" title="Giddha">Giddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghoomar" title="Ghoomar">Ghoomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghumura_dance" title="Ghumura dance">Ghumura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombhira" title="Gombhira">Gombhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grida_dance" title="Grida dance">Grida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hojagiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Hojagiri">Hojagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulivesha" class="mw-redirect" title="Hulivesha">Hulivesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhijhiya" title="Jhijhiya">Jhijhiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhumar" title="Jhumar">Jhumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhumair" title="Jhumair">Jhumair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachchhi_Ghodi_dance" title="Kachchhi Ghodi dance">Kachhi Ghodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalbelia" title="Kalbelia">Kalbelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakattam" title="Karakattam">Karakattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma_Naach" title="Karma Naach">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisabadi" title="Keisabadi">Keisabadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khual_Lam" title="Khual Lam">Khual Lam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikkli" title="Kikkli">Kikkli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolattam" title="Kolattam">Kolattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kummi" title="Kummi">Kummi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavani" title="Lavani">Lavani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahasua" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahasua">Lahasua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezim" title="Lezim">Lezim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maach" title="Maach">Maach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malwai_Giddha" title="Malwai Giddha">Malwai Giddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardana_Jhumair" class="mw-redirect" title="Mardana Jhumair">Mardana Jhumair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matki_Dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Matki Dance">Matki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayilattam" title="Mayilattam">Mayilattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mussoll" title="Mussoll">Mussoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacn%C4%AB" title="Nacnī">Nacnī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nati_(dance)" title="Nati (dance)">Nati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppana" title="Oppana">Oppana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyilattam" title="Oyilattam">Oyilattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paampu_attam" title="Paampu attam">Paampattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padayani" title="Padayani">Padayani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavri_Nach" title="Pavri Nach">Pavri Nach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phulpati_dance" title="Phulpati dance">Phulpati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poikkaal_Kuthirai_Aattam" title="Poikkaal Kuthirai Aattam">Poikkal Kuthiraiattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puli_Kali" title="Puli Kali">Puli Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puliyattam" title="Puliyattam">Puliyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasiya" title="Rasiya">Rasiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raut_Nacha" title="Raut Nacha">Raut Nacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saang" title="Saang">Saang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singhi_Chham" title="Singhi Chham">Singhi Chham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_dance" title="Sword dance">Sword dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertali" title="Tertali">Tertali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirayattam" title="Thirayattam">Thirayattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thitambu_Nritham" class="mw-redirect" title="Thitambu Nritham">Thitambu Nritham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tippani" title="Tippani">Tippani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeragase" title="Veeragase">Veeragase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakshagana" title="Yakshagana">Yakshagana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_cinema#Song_and_dance" title="Hindi cinema">Hindi cinema song and dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_dance_music" title="Hindi dance music">Hindi dance songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautch" title="Nautch">Nautch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natya Shastra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abhinavabharati" title="Abhinavabharati">Abhinavabharati</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mudras_(dance)" title="List of mudras (dance)">Mudras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dance_forms_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Dance forms of Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dances_of_Assam" title="Folk dances of Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_dances_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Traditional dances of Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dance_forms_of_Odisha" title="Folk dance forms of Odisha">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dances_of_Punjab" title="Folk dances of Punjab">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_forms_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Dance forms of Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dances_of_Tripura" title="Dances of Tripura">Tripura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accessories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghungroo" title="Ghungroo">Ghungroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silambu" title="Silambu">Silambu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="15px&#124;link=Aum_Hinduism_14px_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindudharma" title="Template:Hindudharma"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hindudharma" title="Template talk:Hindudharma"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hindudharma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hindudharma"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="15px&#124;link=Aum_Hinduism_14px_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aum" title="Aum"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/15px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/23px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Aum_Om_red.svg/30px-Aum_Om_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="367" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HinduSwastika.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HinduSwastika.svg/14px-HinduSwastika.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HinduSwastika.svg/21px-HinduSwastika.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/HinduSwastika.svg/28px-HinduSwastika.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="145" /></a></span> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;;font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms" title="Glossary of Hinduism terms">Glossary</a></li> <li>Index</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Hinduism">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms" title="Glossary of Hinduism terms">Concepts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)" title="Ātman (Hinduism)">Atman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(religion)" title="Maya (religion)">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rtha" title="Puruṣārtha">Puruṣārthas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_in_religion#Hindu_ethics" title="Ethics in religion">Niti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Asteya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aparigraha" class="mw-redirect" title="Aparigraha">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)#Hinduism" title="Temperance (virtue)">Damah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion#Hinduism" title="Compassion">Dayā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_philosophy" title="Hindu philosophy">Schools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80stika_and_n%C4%81stika" title="Āstika and nāstika">Āstika</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81" title="Mīmāṃsā">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dvaita_Vedanta" title="Dvaita Vedanta">Dvaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80stika_and_n%C4%81stika" title="Āstika and nāstika">Nāstika</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charvaka" title="Charvaka">Charvaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hindu "Om" symbol"><img alt="Hindu "Om" symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/100px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/150px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg/200px-Aum_Om_navy_blue_circle_hollow_coral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="507" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aruti" title="Śruti">Śruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Smṛti">Smṛti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajurveda" title="Yajurveda">Yajurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_chant" title="Vedic chant">Samhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">Aranyaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Upanishad" title="Aitareya Upanishad">Aitareya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaushitaki_Upanishad" title="Kaushitaki Upanishad">Kaushitaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brihadaranyaka_Upanishad" title="Brihadaranyaka Upanishad">Brihadaranyaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isha_Upanishad" title="Isha Upanishad">Isha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taittiriya_Upanishad" title="Taittiriya Upanishad">Taittiriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katha_Upanishad" title="Katha Upanishad">Katha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitrayaniya_Upanishad" title="Maitrayaniya Upanishad">Maitrayaniya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shvetashvatara_Upanishad" title="Shvetashvatara Upanishad">Shvetashvatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandogya_Upanishad" title="Chandogya Upanishad">Chandogya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kena_Upanishad" title="Kena Upanishad">Kena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundaka_Upanishad" title="Mundaka Upanishad">Mundaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandukya_Upanishad" title="Mandukya Upanishad">Mandukya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashna_Upanishad" title="Prashna Upanishad">Prashna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Upaveda" class="mw-redirect" title="Upaveda">Upavedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_martial_arts" title="Indian martial arts">Dhanurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya_Shastra" title="Natya Shastra">Natyaveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Sthapatyaveda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vedanga" title="Vedanga">Vedanga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shiksha" title="Shiksha">Shiksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_prosody" title="Sanskrit prosody">Chandas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vy%C4%81kara%E1%B9%87a" title="Vyākaraṇa">Vyākaraṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_(Vedanga)" title="Kalpa (Vedanga)">Kalpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jyotisha">Jyotisha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_texts" title="List of Hindu texts">Other</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)">Agamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itihasa-Purana" title="Itihasa-Purana">Itihasas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads#Classification" title="Upanishads">Minor Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Arthashastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitisara" title="Nitisara">Nitisara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra" title="Dharmaśāstra">Dharmaśāstra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manusmriti" title="Manusmriti">Manusmriti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81radasm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Nāradasmṛti">Nāradasmṛti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%81j%C3%B1avalkya_Sm%E1%B9%9Bti" title="Yājñavalkya Smṛti">Yājñavalkya Smṛti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">Sutras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stotra" title="Stotra">Stotras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhashita" title="Subhashita">Subhashita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantras_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantras (Hinduism)">Tantras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Vasistha" title="Yoga Vasistha">Yoga Vasistha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali">Yoga Sutras of Patanjali</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sangam_literature" title="Sangam literature">Sangam literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tirumurai" title="Tirumurai">Tirumurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divya_Prabandham" class="mw-redirect" title="Divya Prabandham">Divya Prabandham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirumuruk%C4%81%E1%B9%9F%E1%B9%9Fuppa%E1%B9%ADai" title="Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai">Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruppugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruppugal">Thiruppugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirukkural" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirukkural">Thirukkural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_Ramayanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamba Ramayanam">Kamba Ramayanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Great_Epics" title="Five Great Epics">Five Great Epics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Greater_Texts" title="Eighteen Greater Texts">Eighteen Greater Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteen_Lesser_Texts" title="Eighteen Lesser Texts">Eighteen Lesser Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athichudi" title="Athichudi">Athichudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraiyanar_Akapporul" title="Iraiyanar Akapporul">Iraiyanar Akapporul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhirami_Antati" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhirami Antati">Abhirami Antati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvilaiyadal_Puranam" title="Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam">Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayagar_Agaval" title="Vinayagar Agaval">Vinayagar Agaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedarthasamgraha" title="Vedarthasamgraha">Vedarthasamgraha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Gods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni" title="Agni">Agni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dattatreya" title="Dattatreya">Dattatreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra" title="Indra">Indra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartikeya" title="Kartikeya">Kartikeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayu" title="Vayu">Vayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_gods" title="Category:Hindu gods"><i>more</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Devi" title="Devi">Goddesses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_(goddess)" title="Bhumi (goddess)">Bhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavidya" title="Mahavidya">Mahavidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrika" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrika">Matrika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(Hindu_goddess)" title="Sati (Hindu goddess)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashthi" title="Shashthi">Shashthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_goddesses" title="Category:Hindu goddesses"><i>more</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Worship_in_Hinduism" title="Worship in Hinduism">Worship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naivedhya" class="mw-redirect" title="Naivedhya">Naivedhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">Yajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homa_(ritual)" title="Homa (ritual)">Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Indian_religions)" title="Tapas (Indian religions)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhy%C4%81na_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhyāna in Hinduism">Dhyāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">Tirthatana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sanskara_(rite_of_passage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskara (rite of passage)">Sanskaras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbhadhana" title="Garbhadhana">Garbhadhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana" title="Pumsavana">Pumsavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumsavana_Simantonayana" title="Pumsavana Simantonayana">Simantonayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatakarma" title="Jatakarma">Jatakarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81makara%E1%B9%87a" title="Nāmakaraṇa">Namakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishkramana" title="Nishkramana">Nishkramana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annaprashana" title="Annaprashana">Annaprashana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chudakarana" title="Chudakarana">Chudakarana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnavedha" title="Karnavedha">Karnavedha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidy%C4%81ra%E1%B9%83bha%E1%B9%83" title="Vidyāraṃbhaṃ">Vidyarambha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanayana" title="Upanayana">Upanayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshanta" title="Keshanta">Keshanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritu_Kala_Samskaram" title="Ritu Kala Samskaram">Ritushuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavartanam" title="Samavartanam">Samavartanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivaah" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivaah">Vivaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyesti" title="Antyesti">Antyeshti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Varnashrama</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kshatriya" title="Kshatriya">Kshatriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudra" title="Shudra">Shudra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashrama_(stage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashrama (stage)">Ashrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacarya" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacarya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grihastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Grihastha">Grihastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanaprastha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanaprastha">Vanaprastha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">Sannyasa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Hindu festivals">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramlila" title="Ramlila">Ramlila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijayadashami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongal_(festival)" title="Pongal (festival)">Pongal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li>New Year <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihu" title="Bihu">Bihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudi_Padwa" title="Gudi Padwa">Gudi Padwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahela_Baishakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahela Baishakh">Pahela Baishakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthandu" title="Puthandu">Puthandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Ugadi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haridwar_Kumbh_Mela" title="Haridwar Kumbh Mela">Haridwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashik-Trimbakeshwar_Simhastha" title="Nashik-Trimbakeshwar Simhastha">Nashik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayag_Kumbh_Mela" title="Prayag Kumbh Mela">Prayag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ujjain_Simhastha" title="Ujjain Simhastha">Ujjain</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra_(Puri)" title="Ratha Yatra (Puri)">Ratha Yatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teej" title="Teej">Teej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_festivals" title="Template:Hindu festivals">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C4%81dhy%C4%81ya" title="Svādhyāya">Svādhyāya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaste" title="Namaste">Namaste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindi_(decoration)" title="Bindi (decoration)">Bindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilaka" title="Tilaka">Tilaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC569;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Related</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a> <ul><li><a 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nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Pilgrimage sites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites_in_India" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites in India">India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_other_religions" title="Hinduism and other religions">Relations with other religions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_and_Hinduism" title="Baháʼí Faith and Hinduism">Baháʼí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Hinduism" title="Buddhism and Hinduism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Islamic_relations" title="Hindu–Islamic relations">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism and Hinduism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Judaism" title="Hinduism and Judaism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Theosophy" title="Hinduism and Theosophy">Theosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Hinduism_terms" title="Glossary of Hinduism terms">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_by_country" title="Hinduism by country">Hinduism by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temples" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu temples">Hindu temples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_temples" title="List of Hindu temples">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Architecture</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#FFC569;;font-weight:bold;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" 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