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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road_to_devolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Road to devolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road_to_devolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enhanced_powers:_The_Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enhanced_powers:_The_Government_of_Wales_Act_2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Enhanced powers: The Government of Wales Act 2006</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enhanced_powers:_The_Government_of_Wales_Act_2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reserved_powers_model:_The_Wales_Act_2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reserved_powers_model:_The_Wales_Act_2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Reserved powers model: The Wales Act 2017</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reserved_powers_model:_The_Wales_Act_2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Name_change" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name_change"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Name change</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Name_change-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Constraints_on_powers:_UK_Internal_Market_Act_2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constraints_on_powers:_UK_Internal_Market_Act_2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Constraints on powers: UK Internal Market Act 2020</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constraints_on_powers:_UK_Internal_Market_Act_2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Buildings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Buildings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Buildings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Senedd_building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senedd_building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Senedd building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senedd_building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telecasting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telecasting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Telecasting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telecasting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tŷ_Hywel_and_Pierhead_Building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tŷ_Hywel_and_Pierhead_Building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Tŷ Hywel and Pierhead Building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tŷ_Hywel_and_Pierhead_Building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Wales_Office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Wales_Office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>North Wales Office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Wales_Office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Officials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Officials</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Officials-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Officials subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Officials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elected_officials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elected_officials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Elected officials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elected_officials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Permanent_officials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Permanent_officials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Permanent officials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Permanent_officials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Powers_and_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Powers_and_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Powers and status</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Powers_and_status-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Powers and status subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Powers_and_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Powers_of_the_Senedd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Powers_of_the_Senedd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Powers of the Senedd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Powers_of_the_Senedd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Members,_constituencies,_and_electoral_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Members,_constituencies,_and_electoral_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Members, constituencies, and electoral system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Members,_constituencies,_and_electoral_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Elections</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Elections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Elections subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Last_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Last_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Last election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Last_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Overall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turnout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turnout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Turnout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turnout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Current composition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Current_composition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Current composition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Current_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Government_formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Government formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Senedd</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B2" title="برلمان ويلز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برلمان ويلز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asamblea_Nacional_de_Gales" title="Asamblea Nacional de Gales – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Asamblea Nacional de Gales" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6" title="সেনেদ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সেনেদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senedd" title="Senedd – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Senedd" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlament_gal%C2%B7l%C3%A8s" title="Parlament gal·lès – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Parlament gal·lès" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C5%A1sk%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_shrom%C3%A1%C5%BEd%C4%9Bn%C3%AD" title="Velšské národní shromáždění – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Velšské národní shromáždění" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senedd_Cymru" title="Senedd Cymru – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Senedd Cymru" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalforsamlingen_(Wales)" title="Nationalforsamlingen (Wales) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nationalforsamlingen (Wales)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walisisches_Parlament" title="Walisisches Parlament – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Walisisches Parlament" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senedd" title="Senedd – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Senedd" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_Gal%C3%A9s" title="Parlamento Galés – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Parlamento Galés" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacia_Asembleo_por_Kimrio" title="Nacia Asembleo por Kimrio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nacia Asembleo por Kimrio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galesko_Legebiltzarra" title="Galesko Legebiltzarra – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Galesko Legebiltzarra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2" title="مجلس شورای ملی ولز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مجلس شورای ملی ولز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_gallois" title="Parlement gallois – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parlement gallois" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senedd_Cymru" title="Senedd Cymru – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Senedd Cymru" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamaid_Vretyn" title="Parlamaid Vretyn – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Parlamaid Vretyn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seanadh_N%C3%A0iseanta_na_Cuimrigh" title="Seanadh Nàiseanta na Cuimrigh – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Seanadh Nàiseanta na Cuimrigh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C" title="웨일스 의회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="웨일스 의회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6" title="वेल्स की संसद – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वेल्स की संसद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlemen_Wales" title="Parlemen Wales – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Parlemen Wales" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamento_gallese" title="Parlamento gallese – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Parlamento gallese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%99" title="הפרלמנט הוולשי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הפרלמנט הוולשי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senedh_Kembra" title="Senedh Kembra – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Senedh Kembra" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walesi_parlament" title="Walesi parlament – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Walesi parlament" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlement_van_Wales" title="Parlement van Wales – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Parlement van Wales" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BA%E8%AD%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="ウェールズ議会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウェールズ議会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_walisiske_parlamentet" title="Det walisiske parlamentet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det walisiske parlamentet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasjonalforsamlinga_i_Wales" title="Nasjonalforsamlinga i Wales – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nasjonalforsamlinga i Wales" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natschonaalversammeln_vun_Wales" title="Natschonaalversammeln vun Wales – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Natschonaalversammeln vun Wales" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlament_Walijski" title="Parlament Walijski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Parlament Walijski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senedd_Cymru" title="Senedd Cymru – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Senedd Cymru" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adunarea_Na%C8%9Bional%C4%83_a_%C8%9A%C4%83rii_Galilor" title="Adunarea Națională a Țării Galilor – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Adunarea Națională a Țării Galilor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Парламент Уэльса – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парламент Уэльса" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_Parliament" title="Welsh Parliament – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Welsh Parliament" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walesin_parlamentti" title="Walesin parlamentti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Walesin parlamentti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wales_parlament" title="Wales parlament – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wales parlament" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="รัฐสภาเวลส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐสภาเวลส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galler_Ulusal_Meclisi" title="Galler Ulusal Meclisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Galler Ulusal Meclisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%83" title="Парламент Уельсу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Парламент Уельсу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="威爾斯議會 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="威爾斯議會" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q493517#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Senedd&params=51_27_55_N_3_09_37_W_source:kolossus-plwiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°27′55″N</span> <span class="longitude">3°09′37″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.46528°N 3.16028°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.46528; -3.16028</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Devolved parliament of Wales</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the devolved parliament of Wales. For the building housing it, see <a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd building</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #ededed"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org"><span title="Welsh-language text"><span lang="cy">Senedd Cymru</span></span><br />Welsh Parliament</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_6th_Senedd" title="Members of the 6th Senedd"> 6th Senedd</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1c/Senedd_logo.svg/300px-Senedd_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1c/Senedd_logo.svg/450px-Senedd_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1c/Senedd_logo.svg/600px-Senedd_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="102" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Unicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral">Unicameral</a></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">12 May 1999</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Office" title="Welsh Office">Welsh Office</a> (1965–1999)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">New session started</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6 May 2021</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">Monarch</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> <br />since 8 September 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Llywydd" class="mw-redirect" title="Llywydd">Presiding Officer</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Elin_Jones" title="Elin Jones">Elin Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> <br />since 11 May 2016 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd#List_of_(Dirprwy_Lywyddion)" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Deputy Presiding Officer</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/David_Rees_(politician)" title="David Rees (politician)">David Rees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a> <br />since 12 May 2021 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Eluned_Morgan" title="Eluned Morgan">Eluned Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a> <br />since 6 August 2024 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Trefnydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Trefnydd of the Senedd">Leader of the House</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Hutt" title="Jane Hutt">Jane Hutt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a> <br />since 21 March 2024 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_in_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Opposition in Wales">Leader of the Opposition</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Darren_Millar" title="Darren Millar">Darren Millar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Conservative</a> <br />since 5 December 2024 </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">60<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd_2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Senedd_2023.svg/250px-Senedd_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Senedd_2023.svg/500px-Senedd_2023.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="263" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Eluned_Morgan_government" title="Eluned Morgan government">Government</a> (30)</b> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E4003B; color:white;border:1px solid silver;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a> (30)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p><b>Opposition (30)</b> </p> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Conservative</a> (16)</span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#005B54; color:white;border:1px solid silver;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (12)</span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Liberal Democrats</a> (1)</span></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (1)</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Additional-member_system" title="Additional-member system">Additional-member system</a> (until 2026)<br /><a href="/wiki/Party-list_proportional_representation" title="Party-list proportional representation">Party-list proportional representation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">closed list</a>) (from 2026) <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2021_Senedd_election" title="2021 Senedd election">6 May 2021</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Next election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Next_Senedd_election" title="Next Senedd election">On or before 7 May 2026</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Y_Siambr_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Y_Siambr_2.jpg/250px-Y_Siambr_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Y_Siambr_2.jpg/500px-Y_Siambr_2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label">Siambr (debating chamber) in the <a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd building</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd,_Welsh_parliament,_Cardiff_Bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg/250px-Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg/500px-Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4886" data-file-height="3054" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://senedd.wales/">senedd<wbr />.wales</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493517#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Senedd</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ð/: 'th' in 'this'">ð</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/b6\/Senedd.ogg\/Senedd.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Senedd.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/Senedd.ogg/Senedd.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd.ogg" title="File:Senedd.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">SEN</span>-edh</i></a>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">parliament</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>  or <span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">senate</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), officially known as the <b>Welsh Parliament</b> in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <b><span title="Welsh-language text"><span lang="cy">Senedd Cymru</span></span></b> (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="cy-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Welsh" title="Help:IPA/Welsh">[ˈsɛnɛð<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈkəmrɨ]</a></span>) in <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the <a href="/wiki/Devolution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Devolution in the United Kingdom">devolved</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral">unicameral</a> <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>. A democratically elected body, it makes laws for Wales, agrees to certain taxes, and scrutinises the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-role_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-role-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a bilingual institution, with both Welsh and English being the official languages of its business.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From its creation in May 1999 until May 2020, the Senedd was officially known as the <b>National Assembly for Wales</b> (<span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru</i></span>) and was often simply called the <b>Welsh Assembly</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Senedd comprises 60 members who are known as <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">members of the Senedd</a> (<span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Aelodau o'r Senedd</i></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> abbreviated as "MS" (Welsh: <i lang="cy">AS</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2011, members are elected for a five-year <a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">term of office</a> under an <a href="/wiki/Additional-member_system" title="Additional-member system">Additional-member system</a>, in which 40 MSs represent smaller geographical divisions known as <a href="/wiki/Senedd_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Senedd constituencies and electoral regions">"constituencies"</a> and are elected by <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post voting</a>, and 20 MSs represent <a href="/wiki/Senedd_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Senedd constituencies and electoral regions">five "electoral regions"</a> using the <a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt method</a> of <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a>. Typically, the largest party in the Senedd forms the Welsh Government. </p><p>A National Assembly for Wales was created by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_1998" title="Government of Wales Act 1998">Government of Wales Act 1998</a>, following the result of the <a href="/wiki/1997_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1997 Welsh devolution referendum">1997 referendum</a>. The Assembly initially had no powers to make <a href="/wiki/Primary_legislation" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary legislation">primary legislation</a>. Limited law-making powers were gained through the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">Government of Wales Act 2006</a>. Its primary law-making powers were enhanced following a Yes vote in the <a href="/wiki/2011_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="2011 Welsh devolution referendum">referendum on 3 March 2011</a>, meaning that the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a> were no longer consulted when passing <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="Act of Senedd Cymru">acts of the National Assembly for Wales</a> related to the <a href="/wiki/Devolved,_reserved_and_excepted_matters" title="Devolved, reserved and excepted matters">20 devolved areas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These powers were further extended by the <a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2014" title="Wales Act 2014">Wales Act 2014</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2017" title="Wales Act 2017">Wales Act 2017</a>, with the latter moving the Assembly to a reserved powers model of devolution like that of the Scottish Parliament. In May 2020, the Assembly was renamed to "Senedd Cymru" or "the Welsh Parliament" when section 2 of the <a href="/wiki/Senedd_and_Elections_(Wales)_Act_2020" title="Senedd and Elections (Wales) Act 2020">Senedd and Elections (Wales) Act 2020</a> came into force. The Senedd's powers in economic matters are significantly restricted by the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Internal_Market_Act_2020" title="United Kingdom Internal Market Act 2020">UK Internal Market Act 2020</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Restrict20_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Restrict20-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a primary purpose of which is to constrain the capacity of the devolved institutions to use their regulatory autonomy.<sup id="cite_ref-DouHu22_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DouHu22-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Matters devolved to the Senedd include health, education, economic development, transport, the environment, agriculture, local government and some taxes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Wales" title="Category:Politics of Wales">a series</a> within the<br /><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Politics of the United Kingdom">Politics of the United Kingdom</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" title="Politics of Wales">Politics of Wales</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg/120px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg/250px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="1239" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">The Crown</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">The Monarch</a></b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> </p> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_British_throne" title="Succession to the British throne">Heir Apparent</a></b><br /> <a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">William, Prince of Wales</a> </p> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_prerogative_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Royal prerogative in the United Kingdom">Prerogative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_royal_family" title="British royal family">Royal family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_British_throne" title="Succession to the British throne">Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Privy Council (United Kingdom)">Privy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King-in-Parliament" title="King-in-Parliament">King-in-Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord-lieutenant" title="Lord-lieutenant">Lord-lieutenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llwynywermod" title="Llwynywermod">Llwynywermod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" title="Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Wales" title="Principality of Wales">Principality of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_republicanism" title="Welsh republicanism">Welsh republicanism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Eluned_Morgan_government" title="Eluned Morgan government">Eluned Morgan government</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_Governments" title="List of Welsh Governments">list</a>) <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_first_ministers_of_Wales" title="List of first ministers of Wales">list</a>)<br /> <small><a href="/wiki/Rt_Hon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rt Hon">Rt Hon</a></small> <a href="/wiki/Eluned_Morgan,_Baroness_Morgan_of_Ely" class="mw-redirect" title="Eluned Morgan, Baroness Morgan of Ely">Eluned Morgan</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">MS</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">L</a>) </p> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Deputy_First_Minister_of_Wales" title="Deputy First Minister of Wales">Deputy First Minister</a></b><br /> <a href="/wiki/Huw_Irranca-Davies" title="Huw Irranca-Davies">Huw Irranca-Davies</a> <small><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">MS</a></small> (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">L</a>) </p> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government#Cabinet_secretaries_and_ministers" title="Welsh Government">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government#Civil_Service" title="Welsh Government">Civil Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government#Budget" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Wales" title="Taxation in Wales">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government#Directorates" title="Welsh Government">Directorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government_sponsored_body" title="Welsh Government sponsored body">Sponsored bodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_the_United_Kingdom#Welsh_Government" title="State-owned enterprises of the United Kingdom">State-owned enterprises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Buildings,_Cathays_Park" title="Crown Buildings, Cathays Park">Crown Buildings, Cathays Park</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/Counsel_General_for_Wales" title="Counsel General for Wales">Counsel General-designate</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Jones" title="Elisabeth Jones">Elisabeth Jones</a> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip_(Wales)" title="Chief Whip (Wales)">Chief Whip</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trefnydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Trefnydd of the Senedd">Trefnydd</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jane_Hutt" title="Jane Hutt">Jane Hutt</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">MS</a></span> (L) <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Secretary_of_the_Welsh_Government" title="Permanent Secretary of the Welsh Government">Permanent Secretary</a> </p> <hr /> <div class="hlist"><a href="/wiki/International_relations_of_Wales" title="International relations of Wales">International relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_relations_of_Wales#Welsh_international_offices" title="International relations of Wales">Welsh Government international offices</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Senedd</a></b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_6th_Senedd" title="Members of the 6th Senedd">Sixth Senedd</a> </p> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Llywydd (Presiding Officer)</a></b><br /> <a href="/wiki/Elin_Jones" title="Elin Jones">Elin Jones</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">MS</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">PC</a>) </p> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Wales)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Wales)">Leader of the Opposition</a></b><br /> <a href="/wiki/Darren_Millar" title="Darren Millar">Darren Millar</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">MS</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">C</a>) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Wales" title="Shadow Cabinet of Wales">Shadow Cabinet</a> </p> <hr /> <div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Welsh law</a> <ul><li>Primary (<div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="Act of Senedd Cymru">Acts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Measure_of_the_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Measure of the National Assembly for Wales">Measures</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_and_measures_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="List of acts and measures of Senedd Cymru">list</a></li></ul></div>)</li> <li>Secondary (<div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_statutory_instrument" title="Welsh statutory instrument">Statutory instruments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_statutory_instruments" title="List of Welsh statutory instruments">list</a></li></ul></div>)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">Members (MSs)</a> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_6th_Senedd" title="Members of the 6th Senedd">Current members</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Senedd_elections" title="List of Senedd elections">Elections</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_by-elections_to_the_Senedd" title="List of by-elections to the Senedd">by-elections</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Senedd_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Senedd constituencies and electoral regions">Constituencies and electoral regions</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Minister%27s_Questions#Senedd" title="First Minister's Questions">First Minister's Questions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_Commissioner_for_Standards" title="Senedd Commissioner for Standards">Senedd Commissioner for Standards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1997 Welsh devolution referendum">Devolution referendum</a> (<a href="/wiki/2011_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="2011 Welsh devolution referendum">2011 referendum</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_1998" title="Government of Wales Act 1998">Government of Wales Act 1998</a> <ul><li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">2006 Act</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2014" title="Wales Act 2014">2014 Act</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2017" title="Wales Act 2017">2017 Act</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Buildings">Senedd estate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Bay" title="Cardiff Bay">Cardiff Bay</a> <ul><li><div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd building</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%B7_Hywel" title="Tŷ Hywel">Tŷ Hywel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pierhead_Building" title="Pierhead Building">Pierhead Building</a>)</li></ul></div></li></ul></li></ul> </li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Wales and the United Kingdom</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">HM Government</a></b></div> <div class="center"><a href="/wiki/Starmer_ministry" title="Starmer ministry">Starmer ministry</a></div> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a></b><br /> <small><a href="/wiki/Rt_Hon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rt Hon">Rt Hon</a></small> <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">MP</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">L</a>) </p> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a></b><br /> <small><a href="/wiki/Rt_Hon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rt Hon">Rt Hon</a></small> <a href="/wiki/Jo_Stevens" title="Jo Stevens">Jo Stevens</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">MP</a></span> (L) </p> <hr /> <div class="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></b></div> <div class="center"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Wales_(2024%E2%80%93present)" title="List of MPs for constituencies in Wales (2024–present)">59th Parliament</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></li></ul></div></div> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Office" title="Wales Office">Wales Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Wales">Under-Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Grand_Committee" title="Welsh Grand Committee">Welsh Grand Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Affairs_Select_Committee" title="Welsh Affairs Select Committee">Welsh Affairs Select Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interministerial_Standing_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Interministerial Standing Committee">Interministerial Standing Committee</a></li> <li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">Government of Wales Act 2006</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#UK_parliament_elections" title="Elections in Wales">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_Parliament_constituencies_in_Wales" title="List of UK Parliament constituencies in Wales">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Wales_(2024%E2%80%93present)" title="List of MPs for constituencies in Wales (2024–present)">Current Westminster MPs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnett_formula" title="Barnett formula">Barnett formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_devolved_matters_in_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="List of devolved matters in Wales">Devolved matters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserved_and_excepted_matters" class="mw-redirect" title="Reserved and excepted matters">Reserved matters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_consent_motion" title="Legislative consent motion">Legislative consent motion</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Wales" title="Unionism in Wales">Unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_independence" title="Welsh independence">Independence</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Politics of the United Kingdom">Politics of the United Kingdom</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">Law and justice</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_law" title="English law">English law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales-only_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales-only laws">Wales-only laws</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" title="Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_and_Berwick_Act_1746" title="Wales and Berwick Act 1746">Wales and Berwick Act 1746</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Wales" title="Capital of Wales">Capital of Wales</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Supreme Court of the United Kingdom">Supreme Court of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_England_and_Wales" title="Courts of England and Wales">Courts of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Welsh_Tribunals" title="President of Welsh Tribunals">President of Welsh Tribunals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_forces_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Police forces of Wales">Police forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_and_crime_commissioner" title="Police and crime commissioner">Police and crime commissioner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Police_and_crime_commissioner#Wales" title="Police and crime commissioner">list</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> </li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Wales" title="Local government in Wales">Local administration</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"><a href="/wiki/History_of_local_government_in_Wales" title="History of local government in Wales">History</a> <hr /> <div class="center"> <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Wales" title="Subdivisions of Wales">Subdivisions of Wales</a></div> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_Wales" title="Historic counties of Wales">Historic counties</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Historic_Counties_of_Wales" title="Template:Historic Counties of Wales">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preserved_counties_of_Wales" title="Preserved counties of Wales">Preserved counties</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:Wales_preserved_counties" title="Template:Wales preserved counties">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_areas_of_Wales" title="Principal areas of Wales">Principal areas</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_principal_areas" title="List of Welsh principal areas">list</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Wales" title="Districts of Wales">Former districts</a></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rural_and_urban_districts_in_Wales_in_1973" title="List of rural and urban districts in Wales in 1973">list pre-1973</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Wales#Districts_1974–1996" title="Districts of Wales">list 1974-1996</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_(Wales)" title="Community (Wales)">Communities</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_communities_in_Wales" title="List of communities in Wales">list</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Wales" title="Local government in Wales">Local government</a></div> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/Category:Local_authorities_of_Wales" title="Category:Local authorities of Wales">Principal councils</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_Welsh_councils" title="List of leaders of Welsh councils">leader list</a>) <a href="/wiki/Corporate_Joint_Committee" title="Corporate Joint Committee">Corporate Joint Committees</a> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Wales#Cities" title="Local government in Wales">Cities</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Wales" title="List of cities in Wales">list</a>)<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_in_Cardiff" title="Politics in Cardiff">Cardiff</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Cardiff" title="List of mayors of Cardiff">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Council" title="Cardiff Council">Council</a>)<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea" title="Swansea">Swansea</a> (<a href="/wiki/City_and_County_of_Swansea_Council#Mayoralty" title="City and County of Swansea Council">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/City_and_County_of_Swansea_Council" title="City and County of Swansea Council">Council</a>)<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport,_Wales" title="Newport, Wales">Newport</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Newport" title="Mayor of Newport">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Newport_City_Council" title="Newport City Council">Council</a>)<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham" title="Wrexham">Wrexham</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Wrexham" title="Mayor of Wrexham">Mayor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wrexham_County_Borough_Council" title="Wrexham County Borough Council">Council</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_council#Wales" title="Community council">Community council</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_communities_in_Wales" title="List of communities in Wales">list</a>)<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom#Wales" title="City status in the United Kingdom">Communities with city status</a></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_City_Council" title="Bangor City Council">Bangor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/St_Asaph#Governance" title="St Asaph">St Asaph</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/St_Davids#Governance" title="St Davids">St Davids</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Wales" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Wales">Local twinning</a> </p> <hr /> <p>see also: <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Wales" title="Regions of Wales">Regional terms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regional_economy_in_Wales" title="Regional economy in Wales">Regional economy</a> </p> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">Elections and referendums</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#Devolved_parliament_elections" title="Elections in Wales">Senedd elections</a></b><br /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1999_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="1999 National Assembly for Wales election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2003 National Assembly for Wales election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2007 National Assembly for Wales election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2011 National Assembly for Wales election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2016 National Assembly for Wales election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Senedd_election" title="2021 Senedd election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Senedd_election" title="Next Senedd election"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#UK_parliament_elections" title="Elections in Wales">United Kingdom Parliament elections</a></b><br /> </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom_(Wales)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="First Parliament of the United Kingdom (Wales) (page does not exist)">1801 co-option</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1802_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1802 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1802</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1806_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1806 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1806</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1807_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1807 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1807</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1812_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1812 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1812</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1818_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1818 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1818</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1820_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1820 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1826_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1826 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1826</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1830_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1830 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1830</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1831_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1831 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1831</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1832_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1832 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1835_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1835 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1835</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1837 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1837</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1841_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1841 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1841</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1847_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1847 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1847</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1852_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1852 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1857_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1857 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1857</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1859_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1859 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1859</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1865_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1865 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1865</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1868_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1868 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1874_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1874 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1880_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1880 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1885_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1885 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1885</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1886_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1886 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1886</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1892_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1892 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1895_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1895 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1900_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1900 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1906_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1906 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=January_1910_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="January 1910 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1910 (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=December_1910_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="December 1910 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1910 (Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1918 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1922_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1922 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1923_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1923 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1924_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1924 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1929_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1929 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1931_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1931 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1935_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1935 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1945_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1945 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1951_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1951 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1959_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1959 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1964_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1964 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1966_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1966 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1970_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1970 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1974 (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election in Wales (page does not exist)">1974 (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in Wales">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="1983 United Kingdom general election in Wales">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="1987 United Kingdom general election in Wales">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="1992 United Kingdom general election in Wales">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="1997 United Kingdom general election in Wales">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2001 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2005 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2010 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2015 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2017 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2019 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="2024 United Kingdom general election in Wales">2024</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#European_Parliament" title="Elections in Wales">European Parliament elections (1979–2020)</a></b><br /> </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1979 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1984 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1989 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1994 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1999 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2004 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2019</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#Local_government_elections" title="Elections in Wales">Local elections</a></b><br /> </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Welsh_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1987 Welsh local elections (page does not exist)">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1989_Welsh_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1989 Welsh local elections (page does not exist)">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Welsh_local_elections" title="1991 Welsh local elections">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Welsh_local_elections" title="1993 Welsh local elections">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Welsh_local_elections" title="1995 Welsh local elections">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Welsh_local_elections" title="1999 Welsh local elections">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Welsh_local_elections" title="2004 Welsh local elections">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Welsh_local_elections" title="2008 Welsh local elections">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Welsh_local_elections" title="2012 Welsh local elections">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Welsh_local_elections" title="2017 Welsh local elections">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Welsh_local_elections" title="2022 Welsh local elections">2022</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#Police_and_crime_commissioner_elections" title="Elections in Wales">Police and crime commissioner elections</a></b><br /> </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_England_and_Wales_police_and_crime_commissioner_elections" title="2012 England and Wales police and crime commissioner elections">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_England_and_Wales_police_and_crime_commissioner_elections" title="2016 England and Wales police and crime commissioner elections">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_England_and_Wales_police_and_crime_commissioner_elections" title="2021 England and Wales police and crime commissioner elections">2021</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Referendums in the United Kingdom">Referendums</a></b><br /> </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1975_United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum" title="1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Welsh devolution referendum">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1997 Welsh devolution referendum">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="2011 Welsh devolution referendum">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" title="2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">2016</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1915%E2%80%931916_Church_of_England_border_polls" title="1915–1916 Church of England border polls">1915–16 Anglican border polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales_mayoral_referendums" title="England and Wales mayoral referendums">2004 Ceredigion mayoral</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Senedd constituencies and electoral regions">Senedd constituencies and electoral regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_Parliament_constituencies_in_Wales" title="List of UK Parliament constituencies in Wales">UK parliamentary constituencies in Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Wales" title="List of political parties in Wales">Political parties</a></li></ul> </li></ul></div> <div class="hlist"><a href="/wiki/2021_Senedd_election" title="2021 Senedd election">Represented in the Senedd</a> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Liberal Democrats</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_think_tanks_in_Wales" title="List of think tanks in Wales">Think tanks</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Wales" title="Category:Politics of Wales">Category</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales"><img alt="Wales" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Wales" title="Portal:Wales">Wales portal</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Wales" title="Template:Politics of Wales"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Wales" title="Template talk:Politics of Wales"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Wales" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Wales"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road_to_devolution">Road to devolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Road to devolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Welsh devolution</a></div> <p>An appointed <a href="/wiki/Council_for_Wales_and_Monmouthshire" title="Council for Wales and Monmouthshire">Council for Wales and Monmouthshire</a> was established in 1949 to "ensure the government is adequately informed of the impact of government activities on the general life of the people of Wales". The council had 27 members nominated by local authorities in Wales, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales" title="University of Wales">University of Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Eisteddfod_of_Wales" title="National Eisteddfod of Wales">National Eisteddfod Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Tourist_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh Tourist Board">Welsh Tourist Board</a>. A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951 and the post of <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Office" title="Welsh Office">Welsh Office</a> were established in 1964 leading to the abolition of the Council for Wales. The establishment of the Welsh Office effectively created the basis for the territorial governance of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Commission_on_the_Constitution_(United_Kingdom)" title="Royal Commission on the Constitution (United Kingdom)">Royal Commission on the Constitution</a> (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969 by <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a>'s Labour Government to investigate the possibility of devolution for Scotland and Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-devolution_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-devolution-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its recommendations formed the basis of the 1974 <a href="/wiki/White_paper" title="White paper">White paper</a> <i>Democracy and Devolution: proposals for Scotland and Wales</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-devolution_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-devolution-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly. However, Welsh voters overwhelmingly rejected the proposals in a <a href="/wiki/1979_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Welsh devolution referendum">referendum held in 1979</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-devolution_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-devolution-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997 general election</a>, the new Labour Government argued that an Assembly would be more democratically accountable than the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Office" title="Welsh Office">Welsh Office</a>. For eleven years prior to 1997 Wales had been represented in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">Cabinet of the United Kingdom</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State</a> who did not represent a Welsh constituency at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Westminster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/1997_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1997 Welsh devolution referendum">referendum was held</a> in Wales on 18 September 1997 in which voters approved the creation of the National Assembly for Wales with a total of 559,419 votes, or 50.3% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following year the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_1998" title="Government of Wales Act 1998">Government of Wales Act</a> was passed by the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom parliament">United Kingdom parliament</a>, establishing the Assembly. On 1 July 1999 the powers of the Secretary of State for Wales were transferred to the Assembly and the Welsh Office ceased to exist.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2002, the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a> established an <a href="/wiki/Richard_Commission" title="Richard Commission">independent commission</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Ivor_Richard" title="Ivor Richard">Lord Richard</a> (former leader of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>) as chair, to review the powers and electoral arrangements of the National Assembly to ensure that it is able to operate in the best interests of the people of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-richardspage_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richardspage-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Richard Commission reported in March 2004. It recommended that the National Assembly should have powers to legislate in certain areas, whilst others would remain the preserve of Westminster.<sup id="cite_ref-richardspage_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richardspage-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also recommended changing the electoral system to the <a href="/wiki/Single_transferable_vote" title="Single transferable vote">single transferable vote</a> (STV) which would produce greater <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportionality</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-richardspage_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richardspage-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response, the British government, in its <i>Better Governance for Wales</i> White Paper, published on 15 June 2005, proposed a more permissive law-making system for the Welsh Assembly based on the use of Parliamentary Orders in Council.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In so doing, the Government rejected many of the cross party Richard Commission's recommendations. This has attracted criticism from opposition parties and others.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enhanced_powers:_The_Government_of_Wales_Act_2006">Enhanced powers: The Government of Wales Act 2006</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Enhanced powers: The Government of Wales Act 2006"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">Government of Wales Act 2006</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">Government of Wales Act 2006</a> received <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a> on 25 July 2006. It conferred on the Assembly legislative powers similar to other <a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">devolved</a> legislatures through the ability to pass <a href="/wiki/Measure_of_the_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Measure of the National Assembly for Wales">Assembly Measures</a> concerning matters that are devolved. Requests for further legislative powers made through <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Competence_Order" title="Legislative Competence Order">legislative competence</a> requests were subject to the veto of the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> or <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>. </p><p>The Act reformed the assembly to a parliamentary-type structure, establishing the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a> as an entity separate from, but accountable to the National Assembly. It enables the Assembly to legislate within its devolved fields. </p><p>The Act also reforms the Assembly's electoral system. It prevents individuals from standing as candidates in both constituency and regional seats. This aspect of the act was subject to a great deal of criticism<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, most notably from the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(United_Kingdom)" title="Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)">Electoral Commission</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, although it was supported in the Richard Commission<sup id="cite_ref-richardspage_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richardspage-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Act was heavily criticised<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a>, the Official Opposition in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2007, attacked it<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> for not delivering a fully-fledged parliament. Many commentators<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (May 2020)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> have also criticised the Labour Party's allegedly partisan attempt to alter the electoral system. By preventing regional Members from standing in constituency seats the party has been accused<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (May 2020)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> of changing the rules to protect constituency representatives. Labour had 29 members in the Assembly at the time, all of whom held constituency seats.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The changes to the Assembly's powers were commenced on 4 May 2007, after the <a href="/wiki/2007_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2007 National Assembly for Wales election">election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following a <a href="/wiki/2011_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="2011 Welsh devolution referendum">referendum on 3 March 2011</a>, the Welsh Assembly gained direct law making powers, without the need to consult Westminster. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reserved_powers_model:_The_Wales_Act_2017">Reserved powers model: The Wales Act 2017</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reserved powers model: The Wales Act 2017"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cameron%E2%80%93Clegg_coalition" title="Cameron–Clegg coalition">Conservative-Liberal coalition government</a> created the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Devolution_in_Wales" title="Commission on Devolution in Wales">Commission on Devolution in Wales</a> (also known as Silk Commission), composed of members nominated by the 4 parties represented in the Welsh Assembly and several leading legal and political experts, to "create a lasting devolution settlement for Wales". Following the first set of recommendations by the Commission, the UK government announced in November 2013 that some borrowing powers are to be devolved to the Assembly along with control of landfill tax and stamp duty. Additionally the <a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2014" title="Wales Act 2014">Wales Act 2014</a> provides for a referendum to be held on the Assembly's ability to set a degree of <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though there is a proposal for the requirement for a referendum to be removed. </p><p>Both the UK and Welsh governments supported the Silk Commission (Part 2) proposal to move to a "<a href="/wiki/Devolved,_reserved_and_excepted_matters" title="Devolved, reserved and excepted matters">reserved powers</a>" model of devolution (similar to that of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a>) where the UK government would have specific "reserved" powers and the Welsh Assembly would have control of all other matters.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This replaced the previous model where certain powers were "conferred" and all others were assumed to be powers of the UK national government. Since the passing of the <a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2017" title="Wales Act 2017">Wales Act 2017</a>, the power model in Wales has been in line with that of Scotland, being a reserved matter model.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2017" title="Wales Act 2017">Wales Act 2017</a>, based on the second set of recommendations of the Silk Commission, proposed devolving further areas of government, including some relating to water, marine affairs (ports, harbours, conservation), energy (subsidies, petroleum extraction, construction of smaller energy-generating facilities, etc.), rail franchising and road travel.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Name_change">Name change</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Name change"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2016, Assembly members unanimously agreed that the name of the Assembly should reflect its constitutional status as a national parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Senedd_Commission" title="Senedd Commission">Assembly Commission</a> ran a public consultation on the proposal, which showed that 61% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that the Assembly should change its name.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, the commission announced its intention to introduce legislation to change the name of the Assembly. Later that year, the <a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Llywydd</a> – the Assembly's presiding officer – wrote to all Assembly Members explaining that the name change proposed in the Bill would be the monolingual name "Senedd".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Senedd_and_Elections_(Wales)_Act_2020" title="Senedd and Elections (Wales) Act 2020">Senedd and Elections (Wales) Bill</a>, favouring the name "Senedd", was introduced on behalf of the Assembly Commission. Following support of a subsequent amendment to the Bill which favoured a bilingual name for the institution, the Bill was passed by the Assembly on 27 November 2019 and was given Royal Assent on 15 January 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Act changed the name of the Assembly to "Senedd Cymru" or the "Welsh Parliament". Its guidance states that the institution will be commonly known as the <i>Senedd</i> in both languages. The name change came into effect on 6 May 2020. Members of the renamed body are known as Members of the Senedd (MS), or Aelodau o'r Senedd (AS) in Welsh.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constraints_on_powers:_UK_Internal_Market_Act_2020">Constraints on powers: UK Internal Market Act 2020</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Constraints on powers: UK Internal Market Act 2020"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of the process of leaving the European Union, the Conservative Party in power in Westminster passed the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Internal_Market_Act_2020" title="United Kingdom Internal Market Act 2020">United Kingdom Internal Market Act 2020</a>. This legislation aims to prevent internal trade barriers within the UK, and to restrict the exercise of legislative powers of the devolved administrations in economic areas.<sup id="cite_ref-Restrict20_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Restrict20-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has several effects on the constitutional arrangements regarding devolved legislative powers. Principal amongst these is the effect that the market access principles will have on the practical ability of the devolved administrations to regulate economic activity.<sup id="cite_ref-Wincott21_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wincott21-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LydgateEvi20_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LydgateEvi20-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also expressly reserves the regulation of distortive or harmful subsidies to the UK Government, and gives them spending powers in numerous policymaking areas.<sup id="cite_ref-DouganMcEwen20_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DouganMcEwen20-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wincott21_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wincott21-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These powers undermine the authority of the Senedd to determine infrastructure priorities within its jurisdiction. The principles undermine devolved competences in two ways. These relate to its status as a protected enactment, and to the disproportionate market size and power of the economy under English jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-DouganMcEwen20_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DouganMcEwen20-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because the Senedd will be unable to disapply the market access principles, if they attempt to introduce new or stricter regulatory standards, they will only apply to goods produced within the devolved jurisdiction. This means that these standards will have little or no practical effect other than to disadvantage their own economy, severely restricting their ability to introduce regulatory divergence, or pursue different economic or social choices to those made in Westminster.<sup id="cite_ref-Wincott21_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wincott21-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LydgateEvi20_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LydgateEvi20-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion">Expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Senedd_Cymru_(Members_and_Elections)_Act_2024" title="Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Act 2024">Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Act 2024</a></div> <p>On 22 November 2021, <a href="/wiki/2021_Welsh_Labour%E2%80%93Plaid_Cymru_agreement" title="2021 Welsh Labour–Plaid Cymru agreement">Welsh Labour and Plaid Cymru agreed a co-operation deal</a><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that will see the implementation of 46 policies that the two parties share.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of these is the expansion of the Senedd from 60 Members to between 80 and 100 Members.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At its Conference on 12 March 2022, Welsh Labour unanimously approved increasing the size of the Senedd. "The expansion of the Senedd is essential because the journey of devolution is not yet complete," former First Minister <a href="/wiki/Alun_Michael" title="Alun Michael">Alun Michael</a> said. "There is more to come. And the capacity needs to be there for those backbenchers to do the job of holding to account that you rightly said, cannot be done by to smaller number of representatives."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two weeks later, Plaid members backed the expansion proposal as well.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 May 2022, plans to increase the number of MSs from 60 to 96 were unveiled, as well as the scrapping of <a href="/wiki/First_past_the_post" class="mw-redirect" title="First past the post">first past the post</a>, which is currently used to elect 40 of the 60 Members of the Senedd (MSs). Drakeford said these changes were required as "report after report" had demonstrated that the Senedd in its current form "cannot do the job in the way that people in Wales have a right to expect it to be done".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Welsh Lib Dem leader <a href="/wiki/Jane_Dodds" title="Jane Dodds">Jane Dodds</a> criticised these plans, claiming that they would disproportionately impact smaller parties.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 June 2022, the Senedd voted 40-14 in favour of expanding the number of MSs.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, the reform bill committee heard reforms included taking 32 new constituencies created that will be used in the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 general election</a> and pairing them to create 16 Senedd constituencies – with each returning six members in <a href="/wiki/Multi-member_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-member district">multi-member districts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Opposition to the proposed <a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">closed list</a> voting system was expressed by some Labour<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Plaid Cymru<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> representatives, while opposition to the overall expansion of the Senedd was expressed by some Labour representatives<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Conservatives.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buildings">Buildings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd,_Welsh_parliament,_Cardiff_Bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg/250px-Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg/330px-Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg/500px-Senedd%2C_Welsh_parliament%2C_Cardiff_Bay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4886" data-file-height="3054" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd building</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senedd_building">Senedd building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Senedd building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd building</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Debating_chamber" class="mw-redirect" title="Debating chamber">debating chamber</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Bay" title="Cardiff Bay">Cardiff Bay</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd</a></i> (<i>Senate</i>), was designed by the <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rogers_Partnership" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Rogers Partnership">Richard Rogers Partnership</a>, and built by <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Woodrow" title="Taylor Woodrow">Taylor Woodrow</a>, with environmental, mechanical, electrical and plumbing design by BDSP Partnership. It uses traditional Welsh materials, such as slate and <a href="/wiki/Welsh_oak_(tree)" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh oak (tree)">Welsh oak</a>, in its construction, and the design is based around the concepts of openness and transparency. The timber ceiling and centre funnel, manufactured and installed by BCL Timber Projects (sub-contracted by Taylor Woodrow) is made from Canadian sourced Western Red Cedar. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:392px;max-width:392px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:center">The Senedd building</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:194px;max-width:194px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:144px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd_Cymru_sign_at_the_Senedd_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Senedd_Cymru_sign_at_the_Senedd_building.jpg/250px-Senedd_Cymru_sign_at_the_Senedd_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Senedd_Cymru_sign_at_the_Senedd_building.jpg/330px-Senedd_Cymru_sign_at_the_Senedd_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Senedd_Cymru_sign_at_the_Senedd_building.jpg/500px-Senedd_Cymru_sign_at_the_Senedd_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Logo of the Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament on the outside of the building</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:194px;max-width:194px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:144px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_Maps_of_Wales_(constituencies).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Three_Maps_of_Wales_%28constituencies%29.jpg/250px-Three_Maps_of_Wales_%28constituencies%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Three_Maps_of_Wales_%28constituencies%29.jpg/330px-Three_Maps_of_Wales_%28constituencies%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Three_Maps_of_Wales_%28constituencies%29.jpg/500px-Three_Maps_of_Wales_%28constituencies%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">In the reception area, maps of the boundaries of the five electoral regions that elect 20 seats <i>(left)</i>, and the constituencies that elect 40 seats <i>(right)</i></div></div></div></div></div> <p>The Senedd houses the debating chamber known as the Siambr (<a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>: <i lang="cy">Y Siambr</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Committee Rooms. It was officially opened by Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> on <a href="/wiki/Saint_David%27s_Day" title="Saint David's Day">Saint David's Day</a>, 1 March 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-opening_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opening-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Senedd is designed to be environmentally friendly: it uses an Earth Heat Exchange system for heating; rainwater is collected from the roof and used for flushing toilets and cleaning windows, and the roof features a wind cowl which funnels natural light and air into the debating chamber below.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telecasting">Telecasting <span class="anchor" id="Senedd_on_television"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Telecasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd_tv_website_2022.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Senedd_tv_website_2022.png/250px-Senedd_tv_website_2022.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/67/Senedd_tv_website_2022.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="166" /></a><figcaption>Screenshot of the front page of <b>senedd.tv</b> in 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>The building houses the debating chamber and committee rooms for the Senedd. When the Senedd building opened on 1 March 2006, there was regular screening of live proceedings from the Siambr on <a href="/wiki/S4C2" class="mw-redirect" title="S4C2">S4C2</a> and also on <a href="/wiki/Internet_television" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet television">internet television</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Television_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Television-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coverage of the S4C2 screenings were on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays between 9:00 am 6:00 pm when the Senedd was sitting.<sup id="cite_ref-Internet_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Internet-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, limited screens were shown on the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two Wales</a> programme <i>"am.pm"</i>, including <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister</a>'s Questions.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were decommissioned after S4C2 switched its scheduling to children programs and because of budget cuts.<sup id="cite_ref-S4CJan142_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S4CJan142-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Internet television screenings are now shown on the Senedd's own website called Senedd.tv, which screens approximately 35 hours of content each week in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>. The service began 15 April 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-Assembly_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Assembly-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Key events such as First Minister's Questions are shown live and recorded on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Parliament" title="BBC Parliament">BBC Parliament</a> on television and on <a href="/wiki/IPlayer" class="mw-redirect" title="IPlayer">iPlayer</a>. Also on BBC Parliament some proceedings are shown as highlights of the week on the programme The Week in Parliament. </p><p>In October 2023, <a href="/wiki/GB_News" title="GB News">GB News</a> was banned from the Senedd's internal TV system, with a spokesperson for the presiding officer claiming the channel was "deliberately offensive, demeaning to public debate and contrary to our parliament's values".<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tŷ_Hywel_and_Pierhead_Building"><span id="T.C5.B7_Hywel_and_Pierhead_Building"></span>Tŷ Hywel and Pierhead Building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tŷ Hywel and Pierhead Building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:392px;max-width:392px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:193px;max-width:193px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:143px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Assembly_for_Wales.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Red brick modern six-floor building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/National_Assembly_for_Wales.jpg/250px-National_Assembly_for_Wales.jpg" decoding="async" width="191" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/National_Assembly_for_Wales.jpg/330px-National_Assembly_for_Wales.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/National_Assembly_for_Wales.jpg/500px-National_Assembly_for_Wales.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Tŷ Hywel</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:195px;max-width:195px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:143px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pierhead_building-Cardiff_Bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Victorian red brick building with clock tower to the right" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Pierhead_building-Cardiff_Bay.jpg/250px-Pierhead_building-Cardiff_Bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="193" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Pierhead_building-Cardiff_Bay.jpg/330px-Pierhead_building-Cardiff_Bay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Pierhead_building-Cardiff_Bay.jpg/500px-Pierhead_building-Cardiff_Bay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3007" data-file-height="2239" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">The Pierhead Building</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/T%C5%B7_Hywel" title="Tŷ Hywel">Tŷ Hywel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierhead_Building" title="Pierhead Building">Pierhead Building</a></div> <p>The debating chamber was initially based in <a href="/wiki/T%C5%B7_Hywel" title="Tŷ Hywel">Tŷ Hywel</a>, next to the site of the present building. The offices of Members are still in this building which is connected to the Senedd by a <a href="/wiki/Skyway" title="Skyway">skyway</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Senedd_Commission" title="Senedd Commission">Senedd Commission</a> is also responsible for the <a href="/wiki/Pierhead_Building" title="Pierhead Building">Pierhead Building</a>, which is the location of "The Assembly at the Pierhead" exhibition, and is the Visitor and Education Centre for the Senedd as well as housing a small gift shop. The exhibition, currently still in the process of being updated following the <a href="/wiki/2016_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2016 National Assembly for Wales election">2016 National Assembly for Wales election</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (September 2019)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> provides visitors with information on who's who, what's happening and how the Senedd works. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Wales_Office">North Wales Office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: North Wales Office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Welsh_Assembly_Government_(N_Wales).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Welsh_Assembly_Government_%28N_Wales%29.jpg/250px-Welsh_Assembly_Government_%28N_Wales%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Welsh_Assembly_Government_%28N_Wales%29.jpg/330px-Welsh_Assembly_Government_%28N_Wales%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Welsh_Assembly_Government_%28N_Wales%29.jpg/500px-Welsh_Assembly_Government_%28N_Wales%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Senedd North Wales Office</figcaption></figure> <p>The Senedd North Wales Office is located at Government Buildings, <a href="/wiki/Llandudno_Junction" title="Llandudno Junction">Llandudno Junction</a>. The office is open to the public to access information about the Senedd on weekdays between 10:00 and 12:00 and 14:00 and 16:00.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously the office was located at Prince's Park, <a href="/wiki/Colwyn_Bay" title="Colwyn Bay">Colwyn Bay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Officials">Officials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Officials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elected_officials">Elected officials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Elected officials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Llywydd of the Senedd</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mace_at_the_Senedd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Mace_at_the_Senedd.jpg/250px-Mace_at_the_Senedd.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Mace_at_the_Senedd.jpg/330px-Mace_at_the_Senedd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Mace_at_the_Senedd.jpg/500px-Mace_at_the_Senedd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2011" data-file-height="765" /></a><figcaption>The Senedd's <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_maces_in_the_British_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceremonial maces in the British Isles">ceremonial mace</a> sits in front of the Presiding Officer's desk in the Senedd chamber.</figcaption></figure> <p>After each election, the Senedd elects one Member of the Senedd to serve as <a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Llywydd</a> (Presiding Officer) of the Senedd, and another to serve as Deputy Presiding Officer (Dirprwy Llywydd). <a href="/wiki/Elin_Jones" title="Elin Jones">Elin Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> MS, has been Llywydd since 2016, having taken over from <a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Butler_(politician)" title="Rosemary Butler (politician)">Rosemary Butler</a>. The Llywydd also acts as Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Senedd_Commission" title="Senedd Commission">Senedd Commission</a>. Both the Llywydd and the Deputy Presiding Officer (Dirprwy Lywydd) typically don't vote in simple-majority votes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Permanent_officials">Permanent officials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Permanent officials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The permanent administrative and support staff of the Senedd are employed by the Senedd Commission. They are not civil servants, although they enjoy similar terms and conditions of service to members of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_(United_Kingdom)" title="Civil Service (United Kingdom)">UK Civil Service</a>. The most senior permanent official is the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_and_Clerk_of_the_Senedd" title="Chief Executive and Clerk of the Senedd">chief executive and clerk</a>, and the position is currently held by <a href="/wiki/Manon_Antoniazzi" title="Manon Antoniazzi">Manon Antoniazzi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Powers_and_status">Powers and status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Powers and status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2011_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="2011 Welsh devolution referendum">2011 Welsh devolution referendum</a>; <a href="/wiki/Devolved,_reserved_and_excepted_matters" title="Devolved, reserved and excepted matters">Devolved, reserved and excepted matters</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="Act of Senedd Cymru">Act of Senedd Cymru</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Badge_of_Wales_(2008-2024).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg/250px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg/330px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg/500px-Royal_Badge_of_Wales_%282008-2024%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="1239" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Badge_of_Wales" title="Royal Badge of Wales">Royal Badge of Wales</a> appears on <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Senedd_Cymru" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of Senedd Cymru">Acts of Senedd Cymru</a><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The Senedd consists of 60 elected members. They use the title <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">Member of the Senedd</a> (MS) or <i>Aelod o'r Senedd</i> (AS).<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The executive arm of the Senedd, the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a>, has been a <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a> administration since its inception in 1999. Currently it is led by First Minister, <a href="/wiki/Eluned_Morgan,_Baroness_Morgan_of_Ely" class="mw-redirect" title="Eluned Morgan, Baroness Morgan of Ely">Eluned Morgan, Baroness Morgan of Ely</a>, since August 2024. The government between 2007 and 2011, had been a coalition between <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a>, led by First Minister Carwyn Jones and <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a>, led by Deputy First Minister <a href="/wiki/Ieuan_Wyn_Jones" title="Ieuan Wyn Jones">Ieuan Wyn Jones</a>; and between 2016 and 2021, Labour had been in coalition with the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> and an independent member.<sup id="cite_ref-Cabinet_members_1_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cabinet_members_1-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-News_Wales_1_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-News_Wales_1-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2021, the government has been a Labour minority government. The executive and civil servants are mainly based in Cardiff's <a href="/wiki/Cathays_Park" title="Cathays Park">Cathays Park</a> while the MSs, the Senedd Commission and Ministerial support staff are based in <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Bay" title="Cardiff Bay">Cardiff Bay</a>, where a new £67 million building, the <a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd</a>, has been built.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One important feature of the National Assembly until 2007 was that there was no legal or constitutional separation of the legislative and executive functions, since it was a single corporate entity. Compared with other <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary systems</a>, and arrangements for devolution in other countries of the UK, this was unusual. In practice, however, there was separation of functions, and the terms "Assembly" and "Assembly Parliamentary Service" came into use to distinguish between the two arms. The Government of Wales Act 2006 regularised the separation when it came into effect following the 2007 Assembly Election. </p><p>Initially, the Assembly did not have primary legislative or fiscal powers, as these powers were reserved by <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Westminster</a>. The Assembly did have powers to pass <a href="/wiki/Secondary_legislation" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary legislation">secondary legislation</a> in devolved areas. Sometimes secondary legislation could be used to amend <a href="/wiki/Primary_legislation" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary legislation">primary legislation</a>, but the scope of this was very limited. For example, the first Government of Wales Act gave the Assembly power to amend primary legislation relating to the merger of certain public bodies. However, most secondary powers were conferred on the executive by primary legislation to give the executive (i.e. Ministers) more powers, and the Assembly had wider legislative powers than appearances might suggest. For example, the Assembly delayed local elections due to be held in 2003 for a year by use of secondary powers, so that they would not clash with Assembly elections. In 2001 the UK parliament used primary legislation to delay for one month local elections in England during the <a href="/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease" title="Foot-and-mouth disease">Foot-and-mouth disease</a> epidemic. </p><p>The Assembly gained limited primary legislative powers following the 2007 election and the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">Government of Wales Act 2006</a>. These laws are known as <a href="/wiki/Measure_of_the_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Measure of the National Assembly for Wales">Assembly Measures</a> and can be enacted in specific fields and matters within the legislative competency of the Assembly. New matters and fields can be devolved by Acts of the UK Parliament or by <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Competence_Order" title="Legislative Competence Order">LCOs</a> approved by Parliament. </p><p>Until 2015 the Assembly had no tax-varying powers, however it could influence the rate of <a href="/wiki/Council_Tax" title="Council Tax">Council Tax</a> set by <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Local government in the United Kingdom">local authorities</a>, which are part-funded by a grant from the Welsh government.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-tcfwgtfct_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-tcfwgtfct-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also has some discretion over charges for government services. Notable examples in which this discretion has been used to create significant differences from other areas in the UK are: </p> <ol><li><i>Charges for NHS prescriptions in Wales</i> – these have now been abolished.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Charges for University Tuition</i> – are different for Welsh resident students studying at Welsh Universities, compared with students from or studying elsewhere in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Charging for Residential Care</i> – In Wales there is a flat rate of contribution towards the cost of nursing care (roughly comparable to the highest level of English Contribution) for those who require residential care.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p>This means in reality that there is a wider definition of "nursing care" than in England and therefore less dependence on means testing in Wales than in England, so that more people are entitled to higher levels of state assistance. These variations in the levels of charges may be viewed as <i>de facto</i> tax varying powers. </p><p>This model of more limited legislative powers created in 1999 was partly because Wales has had the same legal system as England since 1536 (though a different court system until 1830), when it was <a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" title="Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">merged</a> with England. <a href="/wiki/Ireland#Union_with_Great_Britain" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">Scotland</a> were never merged with England, and so always retained some differences in their legal systems. The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a> both have deeper and wider powers. </p><p>The Assembly inherited the powers and budget of the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a> and most of the functions of the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Office" title="Welsh Office">Welsh Office</a>. It has power to vary laws passed by <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Westminster</a> using secondary legislation. </p><p>Following a referendum on 4 March 2011, the Welsh Assembly gained direct law-making powers (without the need to consult Westminster). On 3 July 2012, the Welsh Assembly passed its first Act, the Local Government Byelaws (Wales) Act.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Wales Act 2014 and Wales Act 2017 devolved the following taxes to the Welsh Assembly: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_rates_in_Wales" title="Business rates in Wales">Non-Domestic Rates in Wales</a> – from 1 April 2015</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Transaction_Tax" title="Land Transaction Tax">Land Transaction Tax</a> (LTT) – from 1 April 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landfill_Disposals_Tax" title="Landfill Disposals Tax">Landfill Disposals Tax</a> (LDT) – from 1 April 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Rates_of_Income_Tax" title="Welsh Rates of Income Tax">Welsh Rates of Income Tax</a> (WRIT) – from 1 April 2019</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Powers_of_the_Senedd">Powers of the Senedd</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Powers of the Senedd"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Devolved,_reserved_and_excepted_matters" title="Devolved, reserved and excepted matters">Devolved, reserved and excepted matters</a></div> <p>The Senedd has the competence to pass bills for <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="Act of Senedd Cymru">Acts of Senedd Cymru</a> in all areas which are not explicitly reserved to Westminster; these 'reserved matters' are outlined in schedule 7A of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">Government of Wales Act 2006</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This means the Senedd has powers over areas such as: </p> <ul><li>Agriculture, <a href="/wiki/Fisheries" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisheries">fisheries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">forestry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rural_development" title="Rural development">rural development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Wales" title="Culture of Wales">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Wales" title="Economy of Wales">Economic development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Wales" title="Education in Wales">Education and training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_Agency_Wales" title="Environment Agency Wales">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Wales" title="NHS Wales">Health and health services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Wales" title="Transport in Wales">Highways and transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Government_(Wales)_Act_1994" title="Local Government (Wales) Act 1994">Local government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Wales" title="Tourism in Wales">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh language</a></li></ul> <p>Reserved matters include subjects such as: </p> <ul><li>Foreign affairs</li> <li>Police and justice</li> <li>Currency</li> <li>Most benefits</li> <li>Most taxes</li> <li>Defence</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Members,_constituencies,_and_electoral_system"><span id="Members.2C_constituencies.2C_and_electoral_system"></span>Members, constituencies, and electoral system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Members, constituencies, and electoral system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chamber_(52354920165).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Chamber_%2852354920165%29.jpg/250px-Chamber_%2852354920165%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Chamber_%2852354920165%29.jpg/330px-Chamber_%2852354920165%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Chamber_%2852354920165%29.jpg/500px-Chamber_%2852354920165%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2164" data-file-height="1419" /></a><figcaption>Members of the Senedd during a <a href="/wiki/Plenary_session" title="Plenary session">plenary session</a> in the Siambr</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Senedd" title="List of members of the Senedd">List of members of the Senedd</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Senedd_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Senedd constituencies">List of Senedd constituencies</a></div> <p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Additional_Member_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Additional Member System">Additional Member System</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-erf_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-erf-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> forty of the MSs are elected from single-member constituencies on a <a href="/wiki/Plurality_voting_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Plurality voting system">plurality voting system</a> (or <i>first past the post</i>) basis, the constituencies being equivalent to those used for the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> and twenty MSs are elected from regional <a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">closed lists</a> using an alternative party vote.<sup id="cite_ref-electionbbc_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electionbbc-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are five regions: <a href="/wiki/Mid_and_West_Wales_(Senedd_electoral_region)" title="Mid and West Wales (Senedd electoral region)">Mid and West Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Wales_(Senedd_electoral_region)" title="North Wales (Senedd electoral region)">North Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Wales_Central_(Senedd_electoral_region)" title="South Wales Central (Senedd electoral region)">South Wales Central</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Wales_East_(Senedd_electoral_region)" title="South Wales East (Senedd electoral region)">South Wales East</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Wales_West_(Senedd_electoral_region)" title="South Wales West (Senedd electoral region)">South Wales West</a> (these are the same as the pre 1999 European Parliament constituencies for Wales), each of which returns four members.<sup id="cite_ref-electionbbc_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electionbbc-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The additional members produce a degree of proportionality within each region.<sup id="cite_ref-electionbbc_85-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electionbbc-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whereas voters can choose any regional party list irrespective of their party vote in the constituency election, list MSs are not elected independently of the constituency element; rather, elected constituency MSs are deemed to be pre-elected list representatives for the purposes of calculating remainders in the <a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt method</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-electionbbc_85-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electionbbc-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overall proportionality is limited by the low proportion of list members (33% of the Senedd compared with 43% in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> and 50% in the German <i><a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a></i>), the regionalisation of the list element, and the lack of <a href="/wiki/Overhang_seat" title="Overhang seat">overhang seat</a> compensation and <a href="/wiki/Leveling_seat" title="Leveling seat">leveling seats</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-richards_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richards-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consequently, the Senedd as a whole has a greater degree of proportionality (based on proportions in the list elections) than the plurality voting system used for British parliamentary elections, but still deviates somewhat from proportionality.<sup id="cite_ref-richards_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richards-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the recently passed <a href="/wiki/Senedd_Cymru_(Members_and_Elections)_Act_2024" title="Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Act 2024">Senedd Cymru (members and elections) Act 2024</a> the voting system will be changed to a <a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">closed list</a> <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> system using the <a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D’Hondt method</a> with <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">6 seat constituencies</a>. This will be enacted in 2026 and may be used for the <a href="/wiki/Next_Senedd_election" title="Next Senedd election">next election</a> if it is scheduled for after then.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2020 the Senedd became the first legislature in the UK to meet over the internet. Due to the consequences of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Wales">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, it held First Minister's Questions using <a href="/wiki/Zoom_(software)" title="Zoom (software)">Zoom</a> <a href="/wiki/Videotelephony" title="Videotelephony">videotelephony</a> software and the session was subsequently broadcast by Senedd.tv.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elections">Elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Senedd_elections" title="List of Senedd elections">List of Senedd elections</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#Devolved_parliament_elections" title="Elections in Wales">Elections in Wales § Devolved parliament elections</a></div> <table border="0" style="background:none;float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="thumbinner" style="width:570px"> <table style="background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0; width:570px" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:570px; background:white; height:120px; padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_lmfeid9y7v8svevu8dtjeorj5zmsxxn"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Percentage" coords="4,102,45,122" title="Percentage" alt="Percentage" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/2021_Senedd_election" coords="0,102,40,92" title="2021 Senedd election" alt="2021 Senedd election" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/2016_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" coords="0,86,40,76" title="2016 National Assembly for Wales election" alt="2016 National Assembly for Wales election" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/2011_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" coords="0,70,40,60" title="2011 National Assembly for Wales election" alt="2011 National Assembly for Wales election" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/2007_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" coords="0,54,40,44" title="2007 National Assembly for Wales election" alt="2007 National Assembly for Wales election" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/2003_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" coords="0,38,40,28" title="2003 National Assembly for Wales election" alt="2003 National Assembly for Wales election" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/1999_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" coords="0,21,40,11" title="1999 National Assembly for Wales election" alt="1999 National Assembly for Wales election" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_lmfeid9y7v8svevu8dtjeorj5zmsxxn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/lmfeid9y7v8svevu8dtjeorj5zmsxxn.png" /></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0;" colspan="3"><div class="thumbcaption">Percentage of seats won in each election by political group, 1999 to 2021. Left to right:<br /> <table style="background:none"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E4003B; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FAA61A; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Lib Dem</a></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#005B54; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/John_Marek_Independent_Party" title="John Marek Independent Party">John Marek</a></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Blaenau_Gwent_People%27s_Voice" title="Blaenau Gwent People's Voice">People's Voice</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6D3177; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UKIP</a></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0087DC; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Conservative</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There have been six <a href="/wiki/List_of_Senedd_elections" title="List of Senedd elections">elections to the Senedd</a>, in <a href="/wiki/1999_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="1999 National Assembly for Wales election">1999</a>, <a href="/wiki/2003_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2003 National Assembly for Wales election">2003</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2007 National Assembly for Wales election">2007</a>, <a href="/wiki/2011_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2011 National Assembly for Wales election">2011</a>, <a href="/wiki/2016_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2016 National Assembly for Wales election">2016</a> and <a href="/wiki/2021_Senedd_election" title="2021 Senedd election">2021</a>. The 2016 election was delayed from 2015 as the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">UK general election was held in 2015</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Assemblydelay_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Assemblydelay-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and following the passing of the Wales Act 2014, elections occur every five years from the 2016 election. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Next_Senedd_election" title="Next Senedd election">next Senedd election</a> is due to be held on Thursday 7 May 2026. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Summary">Summary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:text-top;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Assembly/<br />Senedd</th> <th rowspan="3">Year</th> <th rowspan="3">Turnout</th> <th colspan="6">Seats</th> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_Governments" title="List of Welsh Governments">Governments</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid<br />Cymru</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Conservative</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Lib<br />Dems</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UKIP</a></th> <th>Others </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #E4003B"> </th> <th style="background-color: #005B54"> </th> <th style="background-color: #0087DC"> </th> <th style="background-color: #FAA61A"> </th> <th style="background-color: #6D3177"> </th> <th style="background-color: #DCDCDC"> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>1997 </th> <td>50%</td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/1997_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1997 Welsh devolution referendum"><i>Devolution referendum</i></a> </td> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_1st_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Members of the 1st National Assembly for Wales">1st</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="1999 National Assembly for Wales election">1999</a> </th> <td>46%</td> <td>28</td> <td>17</td> <td>9</td> <td>6</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td> <th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael government">Michael</a> (Labour minority)<br /><a href="/wiki/Interim_Morgan_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Interim Morgan Government">Interim Morgan</a> (Labour minority)<br /><a href="/wiki/First_Rhodri_Morgan_government" title="First Rhodri Morgan government">Morgan I</a> (Labour – LD) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_2nd_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Members of the 2nd National Assembly for Wales">2nd</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/2003_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2003 National Assembly for Wales election">2003</a> </th> <td>38%</td> <td>30</td> <td>12</td> <td>11</td> <td>6</td> <td>0</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/John_Marek" title="John Marek">1</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_Marek_Independent_Party" title="John Marek Independent Party">JMIP</a>) </td> <th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Morgan_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Morgan government">Morgan II</a> (Labour majority until 2005<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), minority after 2005<sup id="cite_ref-Rhodri_Morgan_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhodri_Morgan-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_3rd_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Members of the 3rd National Assembly for Wales">3rd</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2007 National Assembly for Wales election">2007</a> </th> <td>44%</td> <td>26</td> <td>15</td> <td>12</td> <td>6</td> <td>0</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Trish_Law" title="Trish Law">1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Blaenau_Gwent_People%27s_Voice" title="Blaenau Gwent People's Voice">BGPVG</a>) </td> <th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Third_Morgan_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Morgan government">Morgan III</a> (Labour minority) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Morgan_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Morgan government">Morgan IV</a> (<a href="/wiki/One_Wales" title="One Wales">Labour – Plaid</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/First_Jones_government" title="First Jones government">Jones I</a> (Labour – Plaid) </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>2011 </th> <td>36%</td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/2011_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="2011 Welsh devolution referendum"><i>Devolution referendum</i></a> </td> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_4th_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Members of the 4th National Assembly for Wales">4th</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/2011_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2011 National Assembly for Wales election">2011</a> </th> <td>42%</td> <td>30</td> <td>11</td> <td>14</td> <td>5</td> <td>0</td> <td>– </td> <th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Jones_government" title="Second Jones government">Jones II</a> (Labour minority) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_5th_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Members of the 5th National Assembly for Wales">5th</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2016 National Assembly for Wales election">2016</a> </th> <td>45%</td> <td>29</td> <td>12</td> <td>11</td> <td>1</td> <td>7</td> <td>– </td> <th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Third_Jones_government" title="Third Jones government">Jones III</a> (Labour–LD minority, Lib Dem coalition)<br /><a href="/wiki/First_Drakeford_government" title="First Drakeford government">Drakeford I</a> (Labour–LD–IND majority) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_6th_Senedd" title="Members of the 6th Senedd">6th</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/2021_Senedd_election" title="2021 Senedd election">2021</a> </th> <td>47%</td> <td>30</td> <td>13</td> <td>16</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>– </td> <th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Drakeford_government" title="Second Drakeford government">Drakeford II</a> (Labour minority)<br /><a href="/wiki/Gething_government" title="Gething government">Gething</a> (Labour minority)<br /><a href="/wiki/Eluned_Morgan_government" title="Eluned Morgan government">Eluned Morgan</a> (Labour minority) </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rhodri_Morgan-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rhodri_Morgan_92-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With the <a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Presiding and Deputy Presiding Officer</a> both coming from the opposition Labour had 30 voting members to the oppositions collective 28. This government officially became a minority government in 2005 after Peter Law left Labour to sit as an independent on the opposition benches, giving the government 29 and the opposition (excluding the Presiding Officer and Deputy) 29.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Last_election">Last election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Last election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overall">Overall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Overall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>2021 Senedd election </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:white;" colspan="15"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senedd_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Senedd_2021.svg/360px-Senedd_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Senedd_2021.svg/540px-Senedd_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Senedd_2021.svg/720px-Senedd_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" colspan="2">Parties </th> <th colspan="10"><a href="/wiki/Additional_member_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Additional member system">Additional member system</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" colspan="5">Total seats </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Constituency </th> <th colspan="5">Region </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes</th> <th>%</th> <th>+/−</th> <th>Seats</th> <th>+/− </th> <th>Votes</th> <th>%</th> <th>+/−</th> <th>Seats</th> <th>+/− </th> <th>Total</th> <th>+/−</th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #E4003B;"> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Labour</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">443,047 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">401,770 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">50 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #0087DC;"> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Conservative</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">289,802 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">278,650 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #005B54;"> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">225,376 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">20.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">230,161 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">20.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">21.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #FAA61A;"> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Liberal Democrats</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">54,202 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">48,217 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #02A95B;"> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Wales_Green_Party" title="Wales Green Party">Green</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,817 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">48,714 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #810000;"> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Abolish_the_Welsh_Assembly_Party" title="Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party">Abolish</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18,149 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,399 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #6D3177;"> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UKIP</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,586 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 11.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/20px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/40px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,341 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 11.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/40px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turnout">Turnout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Turnout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Voter turnout at Senedd elections has been traditionally lower than UK general elections. No election since devolution began has hit 50% turnout, with the 2021 election being the highest at 46.6%.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In their 2004 paper <i>Turnout, Participation and Legitimacy in Post-Devolution Wales</i>, academics <a href="/wiki/Roger_Awan-Scully" title="Roger Awan-Scully">Roger Awan-Scully</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wyn_Jones" title="Richard Wyn Jones">Richard Wyn Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dafydd_Trystan_Davies" title="Dafydd Trystan Davies">Dafydd Trystan Davies</a> identified three potential reasons for this: antipathy to the Welsh institutions, apathy to the Welsh institutions or apathy to politics more generally. They suggested apathy – in Wales and to politics in general – is the most likely reason.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the 2021 election, Dr Jac Larner, a politics lecturer at <a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff University</a> and an investigator for the Welsh election survey, said the lower turnout figures in Wales did not necessarily reflect a lack of perceived importance in the Senedd.<sup id="cite_ref-Grey_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grey-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He told <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>: "We know from research that low voter turnout is actually a lot do to with people thinking they can't win in a devolved election, so they don't bother going to vote. That's different to a general election where, in Wales, Labour are still more likely to win a majority of seats, but at the UK level it's far more competitive."<sup id="cite_ref-Grey_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grey-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He compared turnout in Wales to turnout for <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> elections, which is significantly higher: "Scotland is in quite a unique political position at the moment, where the single most salient issue and the biggest cleavage in society – the issue of <a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence" title="Scottish independence">independence</a> – basically is going to be determined by what happens at the Holyrood elections. Part of it is this idea of interest – there has always been more interest in the idea of a Scottish Parliament, the Scottish Parliament has always been more powerful than the Senedd, even going back to 1999."<sup id="cite_ref-Grey_95-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grey-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_composition">Current composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Current composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_formation">Government formation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Government formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Welsh Labour won 30 seats out of 60 in the 2021 Senedd elections. On 9 May 2021 the First Minister, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Drakeford" title="Mark Drakeford">Mark Drakeford</a> MS said "We have demonstrated over a number of governments that you can govern successfully on 30 seats, but I'm open to working with any party where there is common ground between us."<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 November 2021, a deal between Welsh Labour and Plaid Cymru was announced. The agreement was not one which saw Plaid Cymru entering a coalition in government with Labour, with Plaid Cymru MSs remaining in opposition. However, Plaid Cymru were able to appoint special advisors to the Welsh Government in a deal which was designed to last for three years.<sup id="cite_ref-Plaid_deal_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Plaid_deal-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 17 May 2024, Plaid Cymru announced it would uniliaterally exit the agreement due to concerns with the Labour government's ethics.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="Act of Senedd Cymru">Act of Senedd Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_by-elections_to_the_Senedd" title="List of by-elections to the Senedd">List of by-elections to the Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_member_changes_to_the_Senedd" title="Regional member changes to the Senedd">Regional member changes to the Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">Member of the Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Senedd constituencies and electoral regions">Senedd constituencies and electoral regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law#Wales-only_laws" title="Welsh law">Wales-only laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Senedd_elections" title="List of Senedd elections">List of Senedd elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devolved,_reserved_and_excepted_matters#Scotland_and_Wales" title="Devolved, reserved and excepted matters">List of devolved matters in Wales</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-63557063">"Plaid Cymru Senedd member Rhys ab Owen suspended from party group"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 8 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Plaid+Cymru+Senedd+member+Rhys+ab+Owen+suspended+from+party+group&rft.date=2022-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-politics-63557063&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.wales/historic-act-strengthens-democracy-in-wales">"Historic Act strengthens democracy in Wales | GOV.WALES"</a>. 24 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Act+strengthens+democracy+in+Wales+%26%23124%3B+GOV.WALES&rft.date=2024-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.wales%2Fhistoric-act-strengthens-democracy-in-wales&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://senedd.wales/senedd-now/news/senedd-cymru-and-welsh-parliament-names-become-law/">"Senedd Cymru and Welsh Parliament names become law"</a>. <i>senedd.wales</i>. 6 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=senedd.wales&rft.atitle=Senedd+Cymru+and+Welsh+Parliament+names+become+law&rft.date=2020-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsenedd.wales%2Fsenedd-now%2Fnews%2Fsenedd-cymru-and-welsh-parliament-names-become-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-role-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-role_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608233726/https://senedd.wales/en/abthome/role-of-assembly-how-it-works/what-is-the-role-of-the-assembly/Pages/what-is-the-role-of-the-assembly.aspx">"What is the role of the Senedd?"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://senedd.wales/en/abthome/role-of-assembly-how-it-works/what-is-the-role-of-the-assembly/Pages/what-is-the-role-of-the-assembly.aspx">the original</a> on 8 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+the+role+of+the+Senedd%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsenedd.wales%2Fen%2Fabthome%2Frole-of-assembly-how-it-works%2Fwhat-is-the-role-of-the-assembly%2FPages%2Fwhat-is-the-role-of-the-assembly.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legislation.gov.uk/anaw/2012/1">National Assembly for Wales (Official Languages) Act 2012</a></i> as amended (see also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legislation.gov.uk/anaw/2012/1/enacted">enacted form</a>), from <a href="/wiki/Legislation.gov.uk" title="Legislation.gov.uk">legislation.gov.uk</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThompson2004" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Rick (25 November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u_fiOtsJL8UC&pg=PA69"><i>Writing for Broadcast Journalists</i></a>. Routledge. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-36915-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-36915-7"><bdi>978-1-134-36915-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Writing+for+Broadcast+Journalists&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004-11-25&rft.isbn=978-1-134-36915-7&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du_fiOtsJL8UC%26pg%3DPA69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/anaw/2020/1/part/2/enacted">"Senedd and Elections (Wales) Act 2020"</a>. Legislation.gov.uk. 5 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=National+Assembly+set+for+new+bilingual+name&rft.date=2019-09-30&rft.aulast=Ifan&rft.aufirst=Mared&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-49887160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wrexham.com/news/historic-act-enables-voting-for-16-and-17-year-olds-renames-assembly-to-welsh-parliament-179517.html">"Historic Act enables voting for 16 and 17-year olds – renames Assembly to "Welsh Parliament"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Wrexham.com</i>. 16 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wrexham.com&rft.atitle=Historic+Act+enables+voting+for+16+and+17-year+olds+%E2%80%93+renames+Assembly+to+%22Welsh+Parliament%22&rft.date=2020-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wrexham.com%2Fnews%2Fhistoric-act-enables-voting-for-16-and-17-year-olds-renames-assembly-to-welsh-parliament-179517.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.assembly.wales/en/abthome/about_us-commission_assembly_administration/namechange/Pages/NameChangeConsultation.aspx">"Name Change Consultation"</a>. assembly.wales.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Name+Change+Consultation&rft.pub=assembly.wales&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.assembly.wales%2Fen%2Fabthome%2Fabout_us-commission_assembly_administration%2Fnamechange%2FPages%2FNameChangeConsultation.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-politics-47212492">"Votes at 16 plan for 2021 Senedd election"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 12 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Votes+at+16+plan+for+2021+Senedd+election&rft.date=2019-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-politics-47212492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DouganMcEwen20-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DouganMcEwen20_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DouganMcEwen20_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DouganMcEwen20_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDouganHaywardHuntMcEwen2020" class="citation report cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dougan" title="Michael Dougan">Dougan, Michael</a>; <a href="/wiki/Katy_Hayward" title="Katy Hayward">Hayward, Katy</a>; Hunt, Jo; <a href="/wiki/Nicola_McEwen" title="Nicola McEwen">McEwen, Nicola</a>; McHarg, Aileen; <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Wincott" title="Daniel Wincott">Wincott, Daniel</a> (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.centreonconstitutionalchange.ac.uk/publications/uk-and-internal-market-devolution-and-union">UK and the Internal Market, Devolution and the Union</a>. Centre on Constitutional Change (Report). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a>; <a href="/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">University of Aberdeen</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">2–</span>3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=UK+and+the+Internal+Market%2C+Devolution+and+the+Union&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2-%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.pub=University+of+Edinburgh%3B+University+of+Aberdeen&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Dougan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Hayward%2C+Katy&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Jo&rft.au=McEwen%2C+Nicola&rft.au=McHarg%2C+Aileen&rft.au=Wincott%2C+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.centreonconstitutionalchange.ac.uk%2Fpublications%2Fuk-and-internal-market-devolution-and-union&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DougEvi20-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DougEvi20_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDougan2020" class="citation report cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dougan" title="Michael Dougan">Dougan, Michael</a> (23 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.scot/parliamentarybusiness/report.aspx?r=12840">Professor Michael Dougan: Evidence on the UK internal market bill</a>. Finance and Constitution Committee (Report). Edinburgh: <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliamentary_Corporate_Body" title="Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body">Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body</a>. 21st Meeting 2020, Session 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2020</span>. <q>By imposing widespread obligations of non-discrimination and, more important, mutual recognition, the bill seeks to restrict the way that devolved competences operate in practice.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Professor+Michael+Dougan%3A+Evidence+on+the+UK+internal+market+bill&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Scottish+Parliamentary+Corporate+Body&rft.date=2020-09-23&rft.aulast=Dougan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.scot%2Fparliamentarybusiness%2Freport.aspx%3Fr%3D12840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Keating21-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keating21_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKeating2021" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Keating_(political_scientist)" title="Michael Keating (political scientist)">Keating, Michael</a> (2 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501763.2021.1876156">"Taking back control? Brexit and the territorial constitution of the United Kingdom"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_European_Public_Policy" title="Journal of European Public Policy">Journal of European Public Policy</a></i>. <b>29</b> (4). Abingdon: <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>: <span class="nowrap">491–</span>509. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501763.2021.1876156">10.1080/13501763.2021.1876156</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1814%2F70296">1814/70296</a></span>. <q>The UK Internal Market Act gives ministers sweeping powers to enforce mutual recognition and non-discrimination across the four jurisdictions. Existing differences and some social and health matters are exempted but these are much less extensive than the exemptions permitted under the EU Internal Market provisions. Only after an amendment in the House of Lords, the Bill was amended to provide a weak and non-binding consent mechanism for amendments (equivalent to the Sewel Convention) to the list of exemptions. The result is that, while the devolved governments retain regulatory competences, these are undermined by the fact that goods and services originating in, or imported into, England can be marketed anywhere.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+European+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=Taking+back+control%3F+Brexit+and+the+territorial+constitution+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E491-%3C%2Fspan%3E509&rft.date=2021-02-02&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1814%2F70296&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13501763.2021.1876156&rft.aulast=Keating&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F13501763.2021.1876156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MaMu22-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MaMu22_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMastermanMurray2022" class="citation book cs1">Masterman, Roger; Murray, Colin (2022). "The United Kingdom's Devolution Arrangements". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/highereducation/books/constitutional-and-administrative-law/E1EB9FEDC43459C991E42BD945231DB5"><i>Constitutional and Administrative Law</i></a> (Third ed.). Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">471–</span>473. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2F9781009158497">10.1017/9781009158497</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781009158503" title="Special:BookSources/9781009158503"><bdi>9781009158503</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248929397">248929397</a>. <q>UK Internal Market Act 2020 imposed new restrictions on the ability of the devolved institutions to enact measures...mutual recognition and non-discrimination requirements mean that standards set by the legislatures in Wales and Scotland cannot restrict the sale of goods which are acceptable in other parts of the UK. In other words, imposing such measures would simply create competitive disadvantages for businesses in Wales and Scotland; they would not change the product standards or environmental protections applicable to all goods which can be purchased in Wales and Scotland.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+United+Kingdom%27s+Devolution+Arrangements&rft.btitle=Constitutional+and+Administrative+Law&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E471-%3C%2Fspan%3E473&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A248929397%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2F9781009158497&rft.isbn=9781009158503&rft.aulast=Masterman&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.au=Murray%2C+Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fhighereducation%2Fbooks%2Fconstitutional-and-administrative-law%2FE1EB9FEDC43459C991E42BD945231DB5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KenMcEw21-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KenMcEw21_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKennyMcEwen2021" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kenny_(political_scientist)" title="Michael Kenny (political scientist)">Kenny, Michael</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nicola_McEwen" title="Nicola McEwen">McEwen, Nicola</a> (1 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F20419058211000996">"Intergovernmental Relations and the Crisis of the Union"</a>. <i>Political Insight</i>. <b>12</b> (1). London: <a href="/wiki/SAGE_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE Publishing">SAGE Publishing</a>; <a href="/wiki/Political_Studies_Association" title="Political Studies Association">Political Studies Association</a>: <span class="nowrap">12–</span>15. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F20419058211000996">10.1177/20419058211000996</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:232050477">232050477</a>. <q>That phase of joint working was significantly damaged by the UK Internal Market Act, pushed through by the Johnson government in December 2020...the Act diminishes the authority of the devolved institutions, and was vehemently opposed by them.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Insight&rft.atitle=Intergovernmental+Relations+and+the+Crisis+of+the+Union&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E12-%3C%2Fspan%3E15&rft.date=2021-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F20419058211000996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A232050477%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Kenny&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=McEwen%2C+Nicola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F20419058211000996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WolffeDevol-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WolffeDevol_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWolffe2021" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Wolffe" title="James Wolffe">Wolffe, W James</a> (7 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/slr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/slr/hmab003/6213886">"Devolution and the Statute Book"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Statute_Law_Review" title="Statute Law Review">Statute Law Review</a></i>. <b>42</b> (2). Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>: <span class="nowrap">121–</span>136. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fslr%2Fhmab003">10.1093/slr/hmab003</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2021</span>. <q>the Internal Market Bill—a Bill that contains provisions which, if enacted, would significantly constrain, both legally and as a matter of practicality, the exercise by the devolved legislatures of their legislative competence; provisions that would be significantly more restrictive of the powers of the Scottish Parliament than either EU law or Articles 4 and 6 of the Acts of the Union...The UK Parliament passed the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 and the Internal Market Act 2020 notwithstanding that, in each case, all three of the devolved legislatures had withheld consent.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Statute+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Devolution+and+the+Statute+Book&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E121-%3C%2Fspan%3E136&rft.date=2021-04-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fslr%2Fhmab003&rft.aulast=Wolffe&rft.aufirst=W+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fslr%2Fadvance-article%2Fdoi%2F10.1093%2Fslr%2Fhmab003%2F6213886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wincott21-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wincott21_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wincott21_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wincott21_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wincott21_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWincottMurrayDavies2021" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Wincott" title="Daniel Wincott">Wincott, Daniel</a>; Murray, C. R. G.; Davies, Gregory (17 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F21622671.2021.1921613">"The Anglo-British imaginary and the rebuilding of the UK's territorial constitution after Brexit: unitary state or union state?"</a>. <i>Territory, Politics, Governance</i>. <b>10</b> (5). Abingdon/Brighton: <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>; <a href="/wiki/Regional_Studies_Association" title="Regional Studies Association">Regional Studies Association</a>: <span class="nowrap">696–</span>713. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F21622671.2021.1921613">10.1080/21622671.2021.1921613</a></span>. <q>Taken as a whole, the Internal Market Act imposes greater restrictions upon the competences of the devolved institutions than the provisions of the EU Single Market which it replaced, in spite of pledges to use common frameworks to address these issues. <a href="/wiki/David_Hope,_Baron_Hope_of_Craighead" title="David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead">Lord Hope</a>, responsible for many of the leading judgments relating to the first two decades of devolution, regarded the legislation's terms as deliberately confrontational: 'this Parliament can do what it likes, but a different approach is essential if the union is to hold together'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Territory%2C+Politics%2C+Governance&rft.atitle=The+Anglo-British+imaginary+and+the+rebuilding+of+the+UK%27s+territorial+constitution+after+Brexit%3A+unitary+state+or+union+state%3F&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E696-%3C%2Fspan%3E713&rft.date=2021-05-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F21622671.2021.1921613&rft.aulast=Wincott&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Murray%2C+C.+R.+G.&rft.au=Davies%2C+Gregory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F21622671.2021.1921613&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hor22-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hor22_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHorsley2022" class="citation journal cs1">Horsley, Thomas (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9732217">"Constitutional Reform by Legal Transplantation: The United Kingdom Internal Market Act 2020"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Journal_of_Legal_Studies" title="Oxford Journal of Legal Studies">Oxford Journal of Legal Studies</a></i>. <b>42</b> (4). Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>: <span class="nowrap">1143–</span>1169. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fojls%2Fgqac018">10.1093/ojls/gqac018</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9732217">9732217</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36518972">36518972</a>. <q>The market access principles may not preclude the devolved administrations from legislating in the same way that, for example, the Devolution Acts make it unlawful (ultra vires) for the Scottish Parliament, Welsh Senedd and Northern Ireland Assembly to enact legislation [that] is contrary to Convention rights. Nonetheless, their prospective application under the UKIMA imposes significant practical limits on their political autonomy in areas of devolved competence—limits that the dominance of the far larger English market further reinforce.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Journal+of+Legal+Studies&rft.atitle=Constitutional+Reform+by+Legal+Transplantation%3A+The+United+Kingdom+Internal+Market+Act+2020&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1143-%3C%2Fspan%3E1169&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9732217%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36518972&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fojls%2Fgqac018&rft.aulast=Horsley&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9732217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arm22-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Arm22_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong2022" class="citation journal cs1">Armstrong, Kenneth A. (May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1468-2230.12706">"The Governance of Economic Unionism after the United Kingdom Internal Market Act"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Law_Review" title="Modern Law Review">Modern Law Review</a></i>. <b>85</b> (3). Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Wiley_(publisher)" title="Wiley (publisher)">Wiley</a>: <span class="nowrap">635–</span>660. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1468-2230.12706">10.1111/1468-2230.12706</a></span>. <q>So when used to disapply relevant requirements in a destination devolved jurisdiction the effect is different from that generated by the devolution statutes when they treat rules that are outside of competence as being 'not law'. In this way, the legislative competence of each jurisdiction is formally maintained, but its exercise constrained by the extraterritorial reach of regulatory norms applicable elsewhere in the UK and by the potential for regulatory competition where local producers are subject to local rules but competing goods can enter that market in compliance with the regulatory standards from where they originate</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Law+Review&rft.atitle=The+Governance+of+Economic+Unionism+after+the+United+Kingdom+Internal+Market+Act&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E635-%3C%2Fspan%3E660&rft.date=2022-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1468-2230.12706&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252F1468-2230.12706&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LydgateEvi20-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LydgateEvi20_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LydgateEvi20_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LydgateEvi20_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLydgate2020" class="citation report cs1">Lydgate, Emily (23 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.scot/parliamentarybusiness/report.aspx?r=12840">Dr Emily Lydgate, University of Sussex: Evidence on the UK internal market bill</a>. Finance and Constitution Committee (Report). Edinburgh: <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliamentary_Corporate_Body" title="Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body">Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body</a>. 21st Meeting 2020, Session 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2020</span>. <q>In that context, even though the new powers might not be used, I expect that the UK Government wants the legislation to be in place before those statutory instruments come into force, in case the common frameworks fall apart. What we are seeing is the UK Government responding to a threat by trying to centralise power or create a system that will function in case there is a problem...For example, England might authorise a new active substance for pesticides, or a new GMO, and would then be able to freely export those products to devolved nations, even if they had controls domestically. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=senedd.wales&rft.atitle=Election+2021%3A+how+many+people+voted%3F&rft.date=2021-05-18&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Lucy&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Gareth&rft.au=Davies%2C+Owain&rft.au=Wilkes%2C+Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.senedd.wales%2Fresearch-articles%2Felection-2021-how-many-people-voted%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScullyJonesTrystan2004" class="citation journal cs1">Scully, Roger; Jones, Richard Wyn; Trystan, Dafydd (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S000712340400016X/type/journal_article">"Turnout, Participation and Legitimacy in Post-Devolution Wales"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/British_Journal_of_Political_Science" title="British Journal of Political Science">British Journal of Political Science</a></i>. <b>34</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">519–</span>537. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS000712340400016X">10.1017/S000712340400016X</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0007-1234">0007-1234</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53573311">53573311</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Political+Science&rft.atitle=Turnout%2C+Participation+and+Legitimacy+in+Post-Devolution+Wales&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E519-%3C%2Fspan%3E537&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A53573311%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0007-1234&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS000712340400016X&rft.aulast=Scully&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.au=Jones%2C+Richard+Wyn&rft.au=Trystan%2C+Dafydd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fproduct%2Fidentifier%2FS000712340400016X%2Ftype%2Fjournal_article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grey-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grey_95-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grey_95-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grey_95-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGrey2021" class="citation news cs1">Grey, Jack (16 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-politics-57085775">"Welsh election: Votes low compared to Westminster and Scotland"</a>. <i>BBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Welsh+election%3A+Votes+low+compared+to+Westminster+and+Scotland&rft.date=2021-05-16&rft.aulast=Grey&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-politics-57085775&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-57042797">"Election 2021: Mark Drakeford to form Welsh Labour government alone"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 9 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Election+2021%3A+Mark+Drakeford+to+form+Welsh+Labour+government+alone&rft.date=2021-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-57042797&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Plaid_deal-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Plaid_deal_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline-flex;--size:100%; max-width:max(15em, calc(var(--size) - 3.2em));"><ul style="display:inline-block"><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gov.wales/ambitious-deal-deliver-radical-change-and-reform">"Ambitious deal to deliver radical change and reform"</a>. <i>GOV.WALES</i>. 22 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GOV.WALES&rft.atitle=Ambitious+deal+to+deliver+radical+change+and+reform&rft.date=2021-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgov.wales%2Fambitious-deal-deliver-radical-change-and-reform&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-59371291">"Labour and Plaid Cymru deal set to last three years"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 22 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Labour+and+Plaid+Cymru+deal+set+to+last+three+years&rft.date=2021-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-59371291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/plaid-cymru-pulls-out-of-co-operation-agreement-with-welsh-labour-13137829">"Plaid Cymru pulls out of co-operation agreement with Welsh Labour"</a>. <i>Sky News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=Plaid+Cymru+pulls+out+of+co-operation+agreement+with+Welsh+Labour&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fplaid-cymru-pulls-out-of-co-operation-agreement-with-welsh-labour-13137829&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASenedd" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Includes 16 <a href="/wiki/Labour_and_Co-operative" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour and Co-operative">Labour and Co-operative</a> MSs.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">To be expanded to 96 seats in 2026.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senedd&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Senedd348" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#AFD697"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Senedd" title="Template:Senedd"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Senedd" title="Template talk:Senedd"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Senedd" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Senedd"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Senedd348" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Senedd</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#AFD697"><div>Welsh Parliament  •  <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Senedd Cymru</i></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#AFD697;width:1%">Organisation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Llywydd</a> (presiding officer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llywydd_of_the_Senedd#List_of_Deputy_Presiding_Officers_(Dirprwy_Lywyddion)" title="Llywydd of the Senedd">Deputy Presiding Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trefnydd_of_the_Senedd" title="Trefnydd of the Senedd">Trefnydd</a> (leader)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Wales)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Wales)">Leader of the Opposition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Wales" title="Shadow Cabinet of Wales">Shadow cabinet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_committees_of_the_Senedd" title="List of committees of the Senedd">Committees</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_Standards_of_Conduct_Committee" title="Senedd Standards of Conduct Committee">Senedd Standards of Conduct Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_Commission" title="Senedd Commission">Senedd Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_and_Clerk_of_the_Senedd" title="Chief Executive and Clerk of the Senedd">Chief Executive and Clerk of the Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_Commissioner_for_Standards" title="Senedd Commissioner for Standards">Senedd Commissioner for Standards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_maces_in_the_United_Kingdom#Senedd" title="Ceremonial maces in the United Kingdom">Ceremonial mace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#AFD697;width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="Act of Senedd Cymru">Act of Senedd Cymru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_and_measures_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="List of acts and measures of Senedd Cymru">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measure_of_the_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Measure of the National Assembly for Wales">former measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_statutory_instrument" title="Welsh statutory instrument">Welsh statutory instruments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_statutory_instruments" title="List of Welsh statutory instruments">Assembly list till 2013</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#AFD697;width:1%">Estate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_building" title="Senedd building">Senedd building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%B7_Hywel" title="Tŷ Hywel">Tŷ Hywel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierhead_Building" title="Pierhead Building">Pierhead Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#AFD697;width:1%">Members and constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Senedd" title="Member of the Senedd">Members</a> (60) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Senedd" title="List of members of the Senedd">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_member_changes_to_the_Senedd" title="Regional member changes to the Senedd">regional changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_members_of_the_Senedd" title="List of female members of the Senedd">female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Senedd constituencies and electoral regions">Constituencies</a> (40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_constituencies_and_electoral_regions" title="Senedd constituencies and electoral regions">Electoral regions</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_Cymru_(Members_and_Elections)_Act_2024" title="Senedd Cymru (Members and Elections) Act 2024"><i>Reform</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2026_review_of_Senedd_constituencies" title="2026 review of Senedd constituencies"><i>16 constituencies</i></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#AFD697;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Wales" title="List of political parties in Wales">Current groupings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Welsh Labour</a> (30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Welsh Conservatives</a> (16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Welsh Liberal Democrats</a> (1)</li> <li>Independent (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#AFD697;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales#Devolved_parliament_elections" title="Elections in Wales">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Senedd_elections" title="List of Senedd elections">Concurrent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1999_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="1999 National Assembly for Wales election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2003 National Assembly for Wales election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2007 National Assembly for Wales election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2011 National Assembly for Wales election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_National_Assembly_for_Wales_election" title="2016 National Assembly for Wales election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Senedd_election" title="2021 Senedd election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Senedd_election" title="Next Senedd election"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_by-elections_to_the_Senedd" title="List of by-elections to the Senedd">By-elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#AFD697;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_devolved_matters_in_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="List of devolved matters in Wales">Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Wales_Convention" title="All Wales Convention">All Wales Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yes_for_Wales" title="Yes for Wales">Yes for Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Youth_Parliament" title="Welsh Youth Parliament">Welsh Youth Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_and_Boundary_Commission_Cymru" title="Democracy and Boundary Commission Cymru">Democracy and Boundary Commission Cymru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Welsh_devolution632" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Welsh_devolution" title="Template:Welsh devolution"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Welsh_devolution" title="Template talk:Welsh devolution"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Welsh_devolution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Welsh devolution"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Welsh_devolution632" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Welsh devolution</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Devolution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Devolution in the United Kingdom">Devolution in the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Welsh devolution referendum">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1997 Welsh devolution referendum">1997</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_(Scotland_and_Wales)_Act_1997" title="Referendums (Scotland and Wales) Act 1997">Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="2011 Welsh devolution referendum">2011</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devolved bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_Governments" title="List of Welsh Governments">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_ministers_of_Wales" title="List of first ministers of Wales">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">UK Parliament commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Commission_on_the_Constitution_(United_Kingdom)" title="Royal Commission on the Constitution (United Kingdom)">Kilbrandon Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Devolution_in_Wales" title="Commission on Devolution in Wales">Silk Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_the_consequences_of_devolution_for_the_House_of_Commons" title="Commission on the consequences of devolution for the House of Commons">McKay Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senedd commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Commission" title="Richard Commission">Richard Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Commission_on_Funding_and_Finance_for_Wales" title="Independent Commission on Funding and Finance for Wales">Holtham Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Justice_in_Wales" title="Commission on Justice in Wales">Thomas Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devolution legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_1978" title="Wales Act 1978">Wales Act 1978</a> (not applied)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_1998" title="Government of Wales Act 1998">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Wales_Act_2006" title="Government of Wales Act 2006">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2014" title="Wales Act 2014">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Act_2017" title="Wales Act 2017">2017</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_David%27s_Day_Agreement" title="St David's Day Agreement">St David's Day Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devolved,_reserved_and_excepted_matters" title="Devolved, reserved and excepted matters">Devolved matters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Senedd_Cymru" title="Act of Senedd Cymru">acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measure_of_the_National_Assembly_for_Wales" title="Measure of the National Assembly for Wales">measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_statutory_instruments" title="List of Welsh statutory instruments">statutory instruments</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_consent_motion" title="Legislative consent motion">Legislative consent motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Competence_Order" title="Legislative Competence Order">Legislative Competence Order</a> (former)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Committees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Affairs_Select_Committee" title="Welsh Affairs Select Committee">Welsh Affairs Select Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Grand_Committee" title="Welsh Grand Committee">Welsh Grand Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interministerial_Standing_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Interministerial Standing Committee">Interministerial Standing Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">UK Government departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Devolution Secretariat (<a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Office" title="Cabinet Office">Cabinet Office</a>)</li> <li>Devolution Directorate-General (<a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Justice (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Justice</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Office" title="Wales Office">Wales Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Office" title="Welsh Office">Welsh Office</a> (former)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Budget</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnett_formula" title="Barnett formula">Barnett formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_grant" title="Block grant">Block grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Wales" title="Taxation in Wales">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constitution of the United Kingdom">Constitution of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_further_Welsh_devolution" title="Proposed further Welsh devolution">Proposed further Welsh devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_fiscal_autonomy_for_Scotland_and_Wales" title="Full fiscal autonomy for Scotland and Wales">Devo-max</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Welsh_justice_system" title="Proposed Welsh justice system">Justice system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd_Reform_Bill" class="mw-redirect" title="Senedd Reform Bill">Senedd expansion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution#History" title="Welsh devolution">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymru_Fydd" title="Cymru Fydd">Cymru Fydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_for_Wales_Campaign" title="Parliament for Wales Campaign">Parliament for Wales Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yes_for_Wales" title="Yes for Wales">Yes for Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution#Referendum_results_and_opinion_polling" title="Welsh devolution">Opinion polling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed alternatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Federalism in the United Kingdom">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_United_Kingdom_confederation" class="mw-redirect" title="Proposed United Kingdom confederation">Confederalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_independence" title="Welsh independence">Independence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties represented in Wales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Welsh Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Welsh Conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Welsh Liberal Democrats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/20px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/40px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/17px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/26px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/34px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wales" title="Portal:Wales">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wales_articles356" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wales_topics" title="Template:Wales topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wales_topics" title="Template talk:Wales topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wales_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wales topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wales_articles356" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Wales" title="Outline of Wales">List of topics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wales" title="History of Wales">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Welsh_history" title="Timeline of Welsh history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Welsh_history" title="Bibliography of Welsh history">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Wales" title="Prehistoric Wales">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Roman_era" title="Wales in the Roman era">Roman Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglo-Welsh_wars" title="List of Anglo-Welsh wars">Anglo-Welsh Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_early_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwynedd" title="Kingdom of Gwynedd">Kingdom of Gwynedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Powys" title="Kingdom of Powys">Kingdom of Powys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deheubarth" title="Deheubarth">Deheubarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyfraith_Hywel" title="Cyfraith Hywel">Medieval Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_invasion_of_Wales" title="Norman invasion of Wales">Norman invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Wales_by_Edward_I" title="Conquest of Wales by Edward I">Edwardian conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_late_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Rhuddlan" title="Statute of Rhuddlan">Statute of Rhuddlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glynd%C5%B5r_rebellion" title="Glyndŵr rebellion">Glyndŵr rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" title="Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_settlement_in_the_Americas" title="Welsh settlement in the Americas">Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Wales" title="Geography of Wales">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Wales" title="Biodiversity of Wales">Biodiversity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Wales" title="Fauna of Wales">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Wales" title="Flora of Wales">Flora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Wales" title="Climate of Wales">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Wales" title="Geology of Wales">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Wales" title="List of islands of Wales">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Wales" title="List of lakes of Wales">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_and_hills_in_the_British_Isles" title="Lists of mountains and hills in the British Isles">Mountains and hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Wales" title="Protected areas of Wales">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_Wales" title="National parks of Wales">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areas_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty_in_Wales" title="Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty in Wales">AONBs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Wales" title="List of rivers of Wales">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England%E2%80%93Wales_border" title="England–Wales border">Wales–England border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_Wales" title="List of waterfalls in Wales">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" title="Politics of Wales">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" title="Politics of Wales">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Wales" title="Local government in Wales">Local government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_local_government_in_Wales" title="History of local government in Wales">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Wales" title="List of cities in Wales">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayors_in_Wales" title="Mayors in Wales">Mayors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_in_Wales" title="List of rulers in Wales">Local rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_nationalism" title="Welsh nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Wales" title="List of political parties in Wales">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_republicanism" title="Welsh republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Wales" title="Unionism in Wales">Unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Office" title="Wales Office">Wales Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counsel_General_for_Wales" title="Counsel General for Wales">Counsel General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_England_and_Wales" title="Courts of England and Wales">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Modern Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_forces_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Police forces of Wales">Police forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_forces_in_Wales" title="Armed forces in Wales">British Armed Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Wales" title="Economy of Wales">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Wales" title="Agriculture in Wales">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_and_finance_in_Wales" title="Banking and finance in Wales">Banking and finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_industry_in_Wales" title="Coal industry in Wales">Coal mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Wales" title="List of companies of Wales">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Wales" title="Forestry in Wales">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_and_construction_in_Wales" title="Housing and construction in Wales">Housing and construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Wales" title="List of power stations in Wales">Power stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_industry_in_Wales" title="Slate industry in Wales">Slate quarrying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Wales" title="Tourism in Wales">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Wales" title="Transport in Wales">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Wales" title="Category:Society of Wales">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Wales" title="Culture of Wales">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_art" title="Welsh art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Wales" title="List of castles in Wales">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Wales" title="Education in Wales">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorsedd_Cymru" title="Gorsedd Cymru">Gorsedd Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh-language_literature" title="Welsh-language literature">Literature in Welsh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Welsh_literature_in_English" title="Welsh literature in English">in English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Wales" title="Media of Wales">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Wales" title="Music of Wales">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Wales" title="List of museums in Wales">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_scheduled_monuments_in_Wales" title="Lists of scheduled monuments in Wales">Scheduled monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Wales" title="Sport in Wales">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Wales" title="Theatre of Wales">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Wales" title="Demographics of Wales">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_English" title="Welsh English">Welsh English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">British Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_people" title="Welsh people">People</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people" title="List of Welsh people">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people#Actors" title="List of Welsh people">Actors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_architects" title="List of Welsh architects">Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_artists" title="List of Welsh artists">Artists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_artists_associated_with_Wales" title="List of women artists associated with Wales">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_inventors" title="List of Welsh inventors">Inventors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_musicians" title="List of Welsh musicians">Musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh-language_poets_(6th_century_to_c._1600)" title="List of Welsh-language poets (6th century to c. 1600)">Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people#Monarchs_and_princes" title="List of Welsh people">Royalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_scientists" title="List of Welsh scientists">Scientists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_women" title="List of Welsh women">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_writers" title="List of Welsh writers">Writers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh-language_authors" title="List of Welsh-language authors">in Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_women_writers" title="List of Welsh women writers">Women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_people#Welsh_emigration" title="Welsh people">Welsh Diaspora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Americans" title="Welsh Americans">Welsh Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Argentines" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh Argentines">Welsh Argentines (Y Wladfa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Canadians" title="Welsh Canadians">Welsh Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Chileans" title="Welsh Chileans">Welsh Chileans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Australians" title="Welsh Australians">Welsh Australians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_New_Zealanders" title="Welsh New Zealanders">Welsh New Zealanders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Wales" title="Health in Wales">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Wales" title="Healthcare in Wales">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Wales" title="NHS Wales">Healthcare service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_health_board" title="Local health board">Boards</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wales" title="Religion in Wales">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Wales" title="Christianity in Wales">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Catholic Church in England and Wales">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Wales" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Wales">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Wales" title="Presbyterian Church of Wales">Presbyterianism</a></li></ul></li> <li>Non-Christian belief systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Wales" title="Baháʼí Faith in Wales">Bahá'ís</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Wales" title="Buddhism in Wales">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Wales" title="Hinduism in Wales">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Wales" title="Islam in Wales">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Wales" title="History of the Jews in Wales">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druidry_(modern)" title="Druidry (modern)">Druidry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Wales" title="Sikhism in Wales">Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li>History <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David" title="Saint David">Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Methodist_revival" title="Welsh Methodist revival">Welsh Methodist revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904%E2%80%931905_Welsh_revival" title="1904–1905 Welsh revival">1904–1905 Welsh revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Church_Act_1914" title="Welsh Church Act 1914">Welsh Church Act 1914</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Wales" title="National symbols of Wales">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hen_Wlad_Fy_Nhadau" title="Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_flags" title="List of Welsh flags">Flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Wales" title="Flag of Wales">national flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers" title="Prince of Wales's feathers">Prince of Wales's feathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Badge_of_Wales" title="Royal Badge of Wales">Royal Badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">Welsh Dragon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/32px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/48px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/64px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wales" title="Portal:Wales">Wales portal</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_legislatures_in_Europe131" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parliaments_in_Europe" title="Template:Parliaments in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parliaments_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Parliaments in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_legislatures_in_Europe131" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National legislatures in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Albania" title="Parliament of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Council_(Andorra)" title="General Council (Andorra)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Armenia)" title="National Assembly (Armenia)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Azerbaijan)" title="National Assembly (Azerbaijan)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Belarus" title="National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Federal_Parliament" title="Belgian Federal Parliament">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bulgaria)" title="National Assembly (Bulgaria)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Parliament" title="Croatian Parliament">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Cyprus)" title="House of Representatives (Cyprus)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Parliament of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folketing" title="Folketing">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Finland" title="Parliament of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Parliament" title="French Parliament">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Georgia" title="Parliament of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Parliament" title="Hellenic Parliament">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="National Assembly (Hungary)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Kazakhstan" title="Parliament of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeima" title="Saeima">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landtag_of_Liechtenstein" title="Landtag of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seimas" title="Seimas">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Luxembourg)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Malta" title="Parliament of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Moldova" title="Parliament of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Monaco)" title="National Council (Monaco)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Montenegro" title="Parliament of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_North_Macedonia" title="Assembly of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storting" title="Storting">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Poland" title="Parliament of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Russia)" title="Federal Assembly (Russia)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_and_General_Council" title="Grand and General Council">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Serbia)" title="National Assembly (Serbia)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Slovakia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Council (Slovakia)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Parliament" title="Slovenian Parliament">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortes_Generales" title="Cortes Generales">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riksdag" title="Riksdag">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Assembly (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey" title="Grand National Assembly of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scotland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Assembly_of_Abkhazia" title="People's Assembly of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_of_Kosovo" title="Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Northern_Cyprus)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Ossetia" title="Parliament of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Council_(Transnistria)" title="Supreme Council (Transnistria)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_%C3%85land" title="Parliament of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B8gting" title="Løgting">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Parliament" title="Gibraltar Parliament">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_of_Guernsey" title="States of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynwald" title="Tynwald">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_Assembly" title="States Assembly">Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legislatures_of_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories630" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UK_legislatures" title="Template:UK legislatures"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UK_legislatures" title="Template talk:UK legislatures"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UK_legislatures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UK legislatures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legislatures_of_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories630" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Legislatures_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Legislatures of the United Kingdom">Legislatures of</a> the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territories</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (UK)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Devolution_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Devolution in the United Kingdom">Devolved</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scotland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory#United_Kingdom" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/States_of_Guernsey" title="States of Guernsey"><i>Bailiwick of </i>Guernsey</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> <ul><li><i>dependencies</i>: <a href="/wiki/States_of_Alderney" title="States of Alderney">Alderney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sark#Chief_Pleas" title="Sark">Sark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_Assembly" title="States Assembly">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynwald" title="Tynwald">Isle of Man</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Keys" title="House of Keys">House of Keys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Legislative Council of the Isle of Man">Legislative Council</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia#Governance" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_(Anguilla)" title="House of Assembly (Anguilla)">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Bermuda" title="Parliament of Bermuda">Bermuda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Bermuda" title="House of Assembly of Bermuda">House of Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Bermuda" title="Senate of Bermuda">Senate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory#Administration" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="Government of the British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="House of Assembly of the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="Parliament of the Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Parliament" title="Gibraltar Parliament">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Montserrat" title="Legislative Assembly of Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_Council_(Pitcairn)" title="Island Council (Pitcairn)">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Saint_Helena" title="Legislative Council of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island_Council" title="Ascension Island Council">Ascension</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha_Island_Council" title="Tristan da Cunha Island Council">Tristan da Cunha</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands#Government" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Parliament of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Parliamentary_Association" title="Commonwealth Parliamentary Association">Commonwealth Parliamentary Association</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><div><small> <p><sup><small>1</small></sup> "Bailiwick-wide" legislation passed in the States of Guernsey applies not only in <a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a>, but also in <a href="/wiki/Alderney" title="Alderney">Alderney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sark" title="Sark">Sark</a>, with the consent of their governments. <br /> <sup><small>2</small></sup> Territories without legislatures <br /> <sup><small>3</small></sup> Territories whose councils are purely advisory/consultative rather than legislative. </p> </small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493517#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1147" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493517#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1147" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493517#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000106851293">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/129190509">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2003049191">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wales. Welsh Assembly Government"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0042881&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007323512005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/fhKhTkgi">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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