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id="toc-Foundation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foundation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Foundation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foundation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armed_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armed_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Armed campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armed_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hunger_strike" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hunger_strike"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Hunger strike </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hunger_strike-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dominic_McGlinchey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dominic_McGlinchey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Dominic McGlinchey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dominic_McGlinchey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supergrass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supergrass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 Supergrass </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supergrass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feuds_and_splits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feuds_and_splits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 Feuds and splits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feuds_and_splits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Killing_of_Billy_Wright" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Killing_of_Billy_Wright"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8 Killing of Billy Wright </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Killing_of_Billy_Wright-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ceasefire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceasefire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.9 Ceasefire </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceasefire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-ceasefire_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-ceasefire_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.10 Post-ceasefire activities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-ceasefire_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-End_of_armed_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#End_of_armed_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.11 End of armed campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-End_of_armed_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chiefs_of_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chiefs_of_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Chiefs of staff </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chiefs_of_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Finance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arms_importation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms_importation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Arms importation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms_importation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timeline_of_Irish_National_Liberation_Army_actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline_of_Irish_National_Liberation_Army_actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline_of_Irish_National_Liberation_Army_actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths_as_a_result_of_activity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths_as_a_result_of_activity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Deaths as a result of activity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths_as_a_result_of_activity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Irish National Liberation Army</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" > 31 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arme_Dieubidigezh_Vroadel_Iwerzhonat" title="Arme Dieubidigezh Vroadel Iwerzhonat – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Arme Dieubidigezh Vroadel Iwerzhonat" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C4%9B_osvobozeneck%C3%A1_arm%C3%A1da" title="Irská národně osvobozenecká armáda – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Irská národně osvobozenecká armáda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/INLA" title="INLA – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="INLA" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%81%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ιρλανδικός Εθνικός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιρλανδικός Εθνικός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito_Irland%C3%A9s_de_Liberaci%C3%B3n_Nacional" title="Ejército Irlandés de Liberación Nacional – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ejército Irlandés de Liberación Nacional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda_Naciliberiga_Armeo" title="Irlanda Naciliberiga Armeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Irlanda Naciliberiga Armeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandako_Nazio_Askapenerako_Armada" title="Irlandako Nazio Askapenerako Armada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Irlandako Nazio Askapenerako Armada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ارتش آزادی‌بخش ملی ایرلند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ارتش آزادی‌بخش ملی ایرلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arm_Saoirse_N%C3%A1isi%C3%BAnta_na_h%C3%89ireann" title="Arm Saoirse Náisiúnta na hÉireann – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Arm Saoirse Náisiúnta na hÉireann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%BC%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C_%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC%ED%95%B4%EB%B0%A9%EA%B5%B0" title="아일랜드 국민해방군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아일랜드 국민해방군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80" title="आयरिश नेशनल लिबरेशन आर्मी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आयरिश नेशनल लिबरेशन आर्मी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ირლანდიის ეროვნული განმათავისუფლებელი არმია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ირლანდიის ეროვნული განმათავისუფლებელი არმია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89" title="جيش التحرير الوطنى الايرلندى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيش التحرير الوطنى الايرلندى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E8%BB%8D" title="アイルランド民族解放軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイルランド民族解放軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex%C3%A9rcito_Irland%C3%AAs_de_Liberta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional" title="Exército Irlandês de Libertação Nacional – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Exército Irlandês de Libertação Nacional" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ирландская национальная освободительная армия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ирландская национальная освободительная армия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Drska_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%A1_oslobodzovacia_arm%C3%A1da" title="Írska národná oslobodzovacia armáda – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Írska národná oslobodzovacia armáda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irska_narodna_osvobodilna_vojska" title="Irska narodna osvobodilna vojska – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Irska narodna osvobodilna vojska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irska_nacionalnooslobodila%C4%8Dka_armija" title="Irska nacionalnooslobodilačka armija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Irska nacionalnooslobodilačka armija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Irish National Liberation Army" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0rlanda_Ulusal_Kurtulu%C5%9F_Ordusu" title="İrlanda Ulusal Kurtuluş Ordusu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İrlanda Ulusal Kurtuluş Ordusu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Irish republican paramilitary group formed in 1974</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #DEDFDE;">Irish National Liberation Army</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Arm Saoirse Náisiúnta na hÉireann</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><a href="/wiki/File:INLALogo123.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo of the INLA"><img alt="Logo of the INLA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/INLALogo123.png/300px-INLALogo123.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4e/INLALogo123.png 1.5x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="254" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">An INLA logo consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Starry_Plough_(flag)" title="Starry Plough (flag)">Starry Plough</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ireland" title="Flag of Ireland">Flag of Ireland</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Red_star" title="Red star">red star</a> and a fist holding an <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a>-derivative rifle.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leaders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Costello" title="Seamus Costello">Seamus Costello</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Bunting" title="Ronnie Bunting">Ronnie Bunting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_McGlinchey" title="Dominic McGlinchey">Dominic McGlinchey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Torney_(Irish_republican)" title="Hugh Torney (Irish republican)">Hugh Torney</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gino_Gallagher" title="Gino Gallagher">Gino Gallagher</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dates of operation</th><td class="infobox-data">8 December 1974 – 11 October 2009 (on ceasefire since 1998, formally ended armed campaign in 2009)<a href="#cite_note-BBCOver-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">Official Irish Republican Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Active regions</th><td class="infobox-data label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a></li></ul></div> <a href="/wiki/Continental_Europe" title="Continental Europe">Continental Europe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Marxism-Leninism" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxism-Leninism">Marxism-Leninism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republicanism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics" title="Far-left politics">Far-left</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Slogan</th><td class="infobox-data">Saoirse go deo ('Freedom forever')</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">Unknown, at least 80 members at first meeting in December 1974 Estimated to have 100 active members in June 1983<a href="#cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allies</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestine Liberation Organisation">Palestine Liberation Organisation</a> (PLO) <a href="/wiki/Action_directe_(armed_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Action directe (armed group)">Action directe</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opponents</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="406" /> <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Force_Standard_of_the_RUC.png/23px-Force_Standard_of_the_RUC.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Force_Standard_of_the_RUC.png/35px-Force_Standard_of_the_RUC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Force_Standard_of_the_RUC.png/46px-Force_Standard_of_the_RUC.png 2x" data-file-width="1418" data-file-height="851" /> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a></li></ul> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Garda Síochána</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism#Paramilitary_and_vigilante_groups" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalist paramilitaries</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles and wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organization(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IRSP" class="mw-redirect" title="IRSP">IRSP</a> (political wing)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#169B62; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:150%; font-weight:bold; color:black; line-height:1em;"><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republicanism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Irish_Republic_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Irish_Republic_Flag.svg/122px-Irish_Republic_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="122" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Irish_Republic_Flag.svg/183px-Irish_Republic_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Irish_Republic_Flag.svg/244px-Irish_Republic_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstentionism" title="Abstentionism">Abstentionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armalite_and_ballot_box_strategy" title="Armalite and ballot box strategy">Armalite and ballot box strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissident_republican" title="Dissident republican">Dissident republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ire_Nua" title="Éire Nua">Éire Nua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republican_legitimism" title="Irish republican legitimism">Irish republican legitimism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Departure_(Ireland)" title="New Departure (Ireland)">New Departure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_radicalism" title="Classical radicalism">Radicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">United Ireland</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">Irish Rebellion of 1798</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Acts of Union 1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_rebellion_of_1803" title="Irish rebellion of 1803">Irish rebellion of 1803</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Ireland_rebellion" title="Young Ireland rebellion">Young Ireland rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Rising" title="Fenian Rising">Fenian Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_raids" title="Fenian raids">Fenian raids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_dynamite_campaign" title="Fenian dynamite campaign">Fenian dynamite campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Ireland" title="1918 United Kingdom general election in Ireland">1918 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_revolutionary_period" title="Irish revolutionary period">Irish revolutionary period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence" title="Irish War of Independence">Irish War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Civil_War" title="Irish Civil War">Irish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Irish_general_election" title="1932 Irish general election">1932 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-Plan" title="S-Plan">S-Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army)" title="Border campaign (Irish Republican Army)">Border Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arms_Crisis" title="Arms Crisis">Arms Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">1981 Irish hunger strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissident_Irish_republican_campaign" title="Dissident Irish republican campaign">Dissident Irish republican campaign</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathal_Brugha" title="Cathal Brugha">Cathal Brugha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Blaney" title="Neil Blaney">Neil Blaney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Clarke_(Irish_republican)" title="Tom Clarke (Irish republican)">Tom Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">James Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Costello" title="Seamus Costello">Seamus Costello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera" title="Éamon de Valera">Éamon de Valera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Emmet" title="Robert Emmet">Robert Emmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathal_Goulding" title="Cathal Goulding">Cathal Goulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Kelly_(Irish_nationalist)" title="Thomas J. Kelly (Irish nationalist)">Thomas J. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Mac_St%C3%ADof%C3%A1in" title="Seán Mac Stíofáin">Seán Mac Stíofáin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_MacBride" title="Seán MacBride">Seán MacBride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_MacSwiney" title="Terence MacSwiney">Terence MacSwiney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Markievicz" title="Constance Markievicz">Constance Markievicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Devlin_McAliskey" title="Bernadette Devlin McAliskey">Bernadette Devlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McGuinness" title="Martin McGuinness">Martin McGuinness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruair%C3%AD_%C3%93_Br%C3%A1daigh" title="Ruairí Ó Brádaigh">Ruairí Ó Brádaigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1ith%C3%AD_%C3%93_Conaill" title="Dáithí Ó Conaill">Dáithí Ó Conaill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peadar_O%27Donnell" title="Peadar O'Donnell">Peadar O'Donnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Mahony" title="John O'Mahony">John O'Mahony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Pearse" title="Patrick Pearse">Patrick Pearse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Russell" title="Seán Russell">Seán Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Sands" title="Bobby Sands">Bobby Sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stephens_(Fenian)" title="James Stephens (Fenian)">James Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfe_Tone" title="Wolfe Tone">Wolfe Tone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moss_Twomey" title="Moss Twomey">Moss Twomey</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Active parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aont%C3%BA" title="Aontú">Aontú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ir%C3%ADg%C3%AD" title="Éirígí">Éirígí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">Irish Republican Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Network_for_Unity" title="Republican Network for Unity">Republican Network for Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Republican Sinn Féin">Republican Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saoradh" title="Saoradh">Saoradh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Defunct parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Ireland_Anti-Partition_League" title="All Ireland Anti-Partition League">All Ireland Anti-Partition League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti_H-Block" title="Anti H-Block">Anti H-Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aontacht_%C3%89ireann" title="Aontacht Éireann">Aontacht Éireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clann_na_Poblachta" title="Clann na Poblachta">Clann na Poblachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clann_%C3%89ireann" title="Clann Éireann">Clann Éireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ireland_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)">Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3ras_na_Poblachta" title="Córas na Poblachta">Córas na Poblachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumann_na_Poblachta" title="Cumann na Poblachta">Cumann na Poblachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumann_Poblachta_na_h%C3%89ireann" title="Cumann Poblachta na hÉireann">Cumann Poblachta na hÉireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fianna_Uladh" title="Fianna Uladh">Fianna Uladh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Independent Fianna Fáil">Independent Fianna Fáil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Anti-Partition_League" title="Irish Anti-Partition League">Irish Anti-Partition League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Independence_Party" title="Irish Independence Party">Irish Independence Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Socialist_Republican_Party" title="Irish Socialist Republican Party">Irish Socialist Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Workers%27_Group_(1976)" title="Irish Workers' Group (1976)">Irish Workers' Group (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Corporate_Party" title="National Corporate Party">National Corporate Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Council_for_Unity" title="Northern Council for Unity">Northern Council for Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Congress" title="Republican Congress">Republican Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Labour_Party" title="Republican Labour Party">Republican Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Socialist_Collective" title="Republican Socialist Collective">Republican Socialist Collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saor_%C3%89ire" title="Saor Éire">Saor Éire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sligo%E2%80%93Leitrim_Independent_Socialist_Organisation" title="Sligo–Leitrim Independent Socialist Organisation">SLISO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republican_Party_(Ireland)" title="Socialist Republican Party (Ireland)">Socialist Republican Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Militant groups</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist">Active <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arm_na_Poblachta" title="Arm na Poblachta">Arm na Poblachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Continuity Irish Republican Army">Continuity IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumann_na_mBan" title="Cumann na mBan">Cumann na mBan‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fianna_%C3%89ireann" title="Fianna Éireann">Fianna Éireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Liberation_Army" title="Irish Republican Liberation Army">Irish Republican Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Republican Movement">Irish Republican Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Irish_Republican_Army" title="New Irish Republican Army">New IRA</a></li></ul> Inactive <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Irish National Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93glaigh_na_h%C3%89ireann_(Real_IRA_splinter_group)" title="Óglaigh na hÉireann (Real IRA splinter group)">Óglaigh na hÉireann (Real IRA splinter group)</a></li></ul> Defunct <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connolly_Column" title="Connolly Column">Connolly Column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Brigade_(World_War_I)" title="Irish Brigade (World War I)">Irish Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Citizen_Army" title="Irish Citizen Army">Irish Citizen Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_National_Invincibles" title="Irish National Invincibles">Irish National Invincibles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_People%27s_Liberation_Organisation" title="Irish People's Liberation Organisation">Irish People's Liberation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Irish Republican Army (1919–1922)">Irish Republican Army (1919–1922)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army_(1922%E2%80%931969)" title="Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)">Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Brotherhood" title="Irish Republican Brotherhood">Irish Republican Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Revolutionary_Forces" title="Irish Revolutionary Forces">Irish Revolutionary Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Volunteers" title="Irish Volunteers">Irish Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">Official IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Real Irish Republican Army">Real IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Action_Against_Drugs" title="Republican Action Against Drugs">Republican Action Against Drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Defence_Army" title="Republican Defence Army">Republican Defence Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saor_%C3%89ire_(1967%E2%80%931975)" title="Saor Éire (1967–1975)">Saor Éire (1967–1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saor_Uladh" title="Saor Uladh">Saor Uladh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_United_Irishmen" title="Society of United Irishmen">Society of United Irishmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Armagh_Republican_Action_Force" title="South Armagh Republican Action Force">South Armagh Republican Action Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Ireland" title="Young Ireland">Young Ireland</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;;color: var(--color-base)">Active Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/32_County_Sovereignty_Movement" title="32 County Sovereignty Movement">32 County Sovereignty Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Imperialist_Action_Ireland" title="Anti-Imperialist Action Ireland">Anti-Imperialist Action Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabhair" title="Cabhair">Cabhair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connolly_Association" title="Connolly Association">Connolly Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connolly_Youth_Movement" title="Connolly Youth Movement">Connolly Youth Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRPWA" title="IRPWA">IRPWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_National_Congress" title="Irish National Congress">Irish National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Committees_of_North_America" title="Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America">IRSCNA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORAID" title="NORAID">NORAID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Graves_Association" title="National Graves Association">National Graves Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Graves_Association,_Belfast" title="National Graves Association, Belfast">National Graves Association, Belfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93gra_Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Ógra Fianna Fáil">Ógra Fianna Fáil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93gra_Shinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Ógra Shinn Féin">Ógra Shinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Housing_League" title="Revolutionary Housing League">Revolutionary Housing 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Tones</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li> <li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/16px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/24px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/32px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1320" data-file-height="680" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ireland" title="Portal:Ireland">Ireland portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Irish_republicanism" title="Template:Irish republicanism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Irish_republicanism" title="Template talk:Irish republicanism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Irish_republicanism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Irish republicanism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The Irish National Liberation Army (INLA, <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: Arm Saoirse Náisiúnta na hÉireann)<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republican</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialist</a> <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a> group formed on 8 December 1974, during the 30-year period of conflict known as "<a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">the Troubles</a>". The group seeks to remove <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and create a <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">socialist republic</a> encompassing <a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">all of Ireland</a>. With membership estimated at 80–100 at their peak, it is the paramilitary wing of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">Irish Republican Socialist Party</a> (IRSP). The INLA was founded by former members of the <a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">Official Irish Republican Army</a> who opposed that group's ceasefire. It was initially known as the People's Liberation Army. The INLA <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_National_Liberation_Army_actions" title="Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions">waged a paramilitary campaign</a> against the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a> (RUC) in Northern Ireland. It was also active to a lesser extent in the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a> and mainland Europe.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> High-profile attacks carried out by the INLA include the <a href="/wiki/Droppin_Well_bombing" title="Droppin Well bombing">Droppin Well bombing</a>, the <a href="/wiki/1994_Shankill_Road_killings" title="1994 Shankill Road killings">1994 Shankill Road killings</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Airey_Neave" title="Assassination of Airey Neave">assassinations of Airey Neave in 1979</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wright_(loyalist)" title="Billy Wright (loyalist)">Billy Wright in 1997</a>. However, it was smaller and less active than the main republican paramilitary group, the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional IRA</a>. It was also weakened by feuds and internal tensions. Members of the group used the cover names People's Liberation Army, People's Republican Army,<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Reaction_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Reaction Force">Catholic Reaction Force</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> for attacks its volunteers carried out but the INLA did not want to claim responsibility for.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The INLA became a proscribed group in the United Kingdom on 3 July 1979 under the <a href="/wiki/Prevention_of_Terrorism_Acts" title="Prevention of Terrorism Acts">1974 Prevention of Terrorism Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> After a 24-year armed campaign, the INLA declared a <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a> on 22 August 1998.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In August 1999, it stated that "There is no political or moral argument to justify a resumption of the campaign".<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> In October 2009, the INLA formally vowed to pursue its aims through peaceful political means<a href="#cite_note-BBCOver-1">[1]</a> and began <a href="/wiki/Decommissioning_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Decommissioning in Northern Ireland">decommissioning</a> its weapons. The IRSP supports a "No First Strike" policy, that is allowing people to see the perceived failure of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">peace process</a> for themselves without military actions.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The INLA is a proscribed organisation in the United Kingdom under the <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_Act_2000" title="Terrorism Act 2000">Terrorism Act 2000</a> and an illegal organisation in the Republic of Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins">edit</a>]</div> During the 1960s, the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army" title="Irish Republican Army">Irish Republican Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Cathal_Goulding" title="Cathal Goulding">Cathal Goulding</a>, radically re-assessed their ideology and tactics after the dismal failure of the IRA's <a href="/wiki/Border_Campaign_(IRA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Campaign (IRA)">Border Campaign</a> in the years 1956–62. They were heavily influenced by <a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">popular front</a> ideology and drew close to <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a> thinking. A key intermediary body was the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist Party of Great Britain</a>'s organisation for Irish exiles, the <a href="/wiki/Connolly_Association" title="Connolly Association">Connolly Association</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Marxist_analysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist analysis">Marxist analysis</a> was that the conflict in Northern Ireland was a "<a href="/wiki/Bourgeoisie" title="Bourgeoisie">bourgeois</a> nationalist" one between the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Protestant">Ulster Protestant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Catholic">Irish Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Working_class" title="Working class">working classes</a>, fomented and continued by the <a href="/wiki/Ruling_class" title="Ruling class">ruling class</a>. Its effect was to depress wages, since worker could be set against worker. They concluded that the first step on the road to a <a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Ireland" title="Counties of Ireland">32-county</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist republic">socialist republic</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> was the "democratisation" of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> (i.e., the removal of discrimination against Catholics) and radicalisation of the southern working class. This would allow "class politics" to develop, eventually resulting in a challenge to the hegemony of both what they termed "<a href="/wiki/British_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="British imperialism">British imperialism</a>" and the respective <a href="/wiki/Irish_unionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish unionism">unionist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish nationalist</a> establishments north and south of the Irish border.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In August 1969 there was a major outbreak of intercommunal violence in Northern Ireland, with eight deaths, six of them Catholics. On 14–15 August loyalists burned out several Catholic streets in Belfast in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_riots_of_August_1969" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ireland riots of August 1969">Northern Ireland riots of August 1969</a>. IRA units offered resistance, however very few weapons were available for the defence of Catholic areas.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> These events and the dissatisfaction of more traditional and militant <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">republicans</a> with the political direction taken by the leadership, particularly their moves to end <a href="/wiki/Abstentionism" title="Abstentionism">Abstentionism</a>, led to a split and the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA" class="mw-redirect" title="Provisional IRA">Provisional IRA</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The "Official" IRA units who remained loyal to the Goulding leadership occasionally fought the British Army and the RUC throughout 1970 (as well as the Provisional IRA during a 1970 feud). In August 1971, after the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Demetrius" title="Operation Demetrius">internment without trial</a>, OIRA units fought numerous gun battles with British troops who were deployed to arrest suspected republicans. However, the OIRA declared a <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a> in 1972.<a href="#cite_note-bbc2973759-18">[18]</a> The ceasefire, on 30 May,<a href="#cite_note-bbc2973759-18">[18]</a> followed a number of armed actions which had been politically damaging. The organisation <a href="/wiki/1972_Aldershot_Bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="1972 Aldershot Bombing">bombed the headquarters</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Parachute_Regiment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)">Parachute Regiment</a> (the main perpetrators of <a href="/wiki/Bloody_Sunday_(1972)" title="Bloody Sunday (1972)">Bloody Sunday</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Aldershot" title="Aldershot">Aldershot</a>, but killed only five female cleaners, a gardener and an army <a href="/wiki/Chaplain" title="Chaplain">chaplain</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> After the killing of William Best, a Catholic British soldier home on leave in Derry, the OIRA declared a ceasefire. In addition, the death of several militant OIRA figures such as <a href="/wiki/Joe_McCann" title="Joe McCann">Joe McCann</a> in confrontations with British soldiers, enabled the Goulding leadership to call off their armed campaign, which it had never supported wholeheartedly. As time passed discontent with the ceasefire in the movement grew and <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Costello" title="Seamus Costello">Seamus Costello</a>, IRA veteran, operations officer for "general headquarters staff" (GHQ) and an elected representative on both <a href="/wiki/Bray_Urban_District_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Bray Urban District Council">Bray Urban District Council</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wicklow_County_Council" title="Wicklow County Council">Wicklow County Council</a>, became the figurehead of those within the Official movement opposed to it. In 1972 an Official IRA army convention voted to endorse Costello's position of continued support for armed struggle in Northern Ireland. However, supporters of Costello did not have the numbers on the Army Council to enable what was voted for at the convention. At Official Sinn Féin <a href="/wiki/Ardfheis" title="Ardfheis">Ardfheis</a> in 1972 and 1973 Costello's policy was accepted by the rank and file but blocked by the party executive. A smear campaign was initiated against Costello and he was marginalised within the movement and some of his prominent associates were expelled. Costello himself was dismissed from Sinn Féin after ignoring an order not to stand in local elections or attend meetings of the two local authorities of which he was a member. In Spring 1974 Costello was also court-martialled by the Official IRA. Meanwhile, Costello's emerging anti-ceasefire faction, amongst them several Belfast men (including <a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Bunting" title="Ronnie Bunting">Ronnie Bunting</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Protestant_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant nationalist">Protestant nationalist</a>), carried out a series of robberies in the Republic to pay for arms. At the Sinn Féin Ardfheis in Dublin on 1 December 1974, a Costello sympathiser proposed a motion overturning his dismissal. However, many of Costello's supporters had been blocked from entering, including the most articulate who would have been able to sway the members gathered. The motion was defeated by 197 votes to 15 and a split was now inevitable. Local branches of Official Sinn Féin throughout the island of Ireland announced they were resigning from the party and on 8 December the dissidents met in the Spa Hotel in <a href="/wiki/Lucan,_Dublin" title="Lucan, Dublin">Lucan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation">Foundation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Foundation">edit</a>]</div> The Irish Republican Socialist Party was founded on 8 December 1974 in the Spa Hotel in Lucan, Dublin and the movement's military wing, the Irish National Liberation Army, was founded later the same day. The IRSP's foundation was made public but the INLA's was kept a secret until the group could operate effectively. One delegate suggested the armed wing be named the Irish Citizen Army after <a href="/wiki/Irish_Citizen_Army" title="Irish Citizen Army">the paramilitary group founded by</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">James Connolly</a> that participated in the <a href="/wiki/1916_Easter_Rising" class="mw-redirect" title="1916 Easter Rising">1916 Easter Rising</a> but this was rejected by Costello because of sectarian attacks carried out in Northern Ireland by another group using the same name. Costello advocated the name "National Liberation Army" and this appeared in some subsequent claims of responsibility for attacks, although delegates settled on "Irish National Liberation Army".<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Unlike the Provisional IRA, and the Official IRA who also saw themselves as inheritors of the tradition, by no longer claiming to be the "Irish Republican Army" the INLA abandoned a <a href="/wiki/Irish_republican_legitimatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish republican legitimatism">series of perceived political inheritances</a> which constructed a legal continuity from the <a href="/wiki/Second_D%C3%A1il" title="Second Dáil">Second Dáil</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Jack_Holland_pp.35-36-23">[23]</a> At a press conference five days later Costello read a statement outlining how the IRSP would seek to build a "broad front" on the basis of demanding a British declaration of intent to withdraw from Northern Ireland, the release of all internees and sentenced "political prisoners", abolish all repressive legislation, outlaw discrimination of all kinds, and "agree to compensate the Irish People for the exploitation which has already occurred." In the statement, Costello summarised the "broad front" strategy: <blockquote>It shall be the policy of the Irish Republican Socialist Party to seek an active working alliance of all radical forces within the context of the Broad Front in order to ensure the ultimate success of the Irish Working Class in their struggle for Socialism.</blockquote> The IRSP also called for an end to sectarian murders "on the basis of united action by Catholic and Protestant working class against British Imperialism in Ireland", opposition to Ireland joining the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a>, nationalisation of natural resources, and the "formation of people's organisations to combat rising prices an unemployment". Costello explained that the IRSP did not practice abstentionism and would consider contesting an election depending on a "thorough analysis of the conditions prevailing at the time". Prominent republican activist <a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Devlin_McAliskey" title="Bernadette Devlin McAliskey">Bernadette Devlin McAliskey</a> attended the press conference as <a href="/wiki/County_Tyrone" title="County Tyrone">County Tyrone's</a> representative on the party's executive, giving the new organisation republican credibility.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StarryPlough-darkblue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/StarryPlough-darkblue.svg/220px-StarryPlough-darkblue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/StarryPlough-darkblue.svg/330px-StarryPlough-darkblue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/StarryPlough-darkblue.svg/440px-StarryPlough-darkblue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Starry_Plough_(flag)" title="Starry Plough (flag)">Starry Plough</a> is often used to represent the IRSP and INLA</figcaption></figure> Shortly after it was founded, the INLA/IRSP came under attack from their former comrades in the Official IRA, who wanted to destroy the new grouping before it could get off the ground. On 20 February 1975, Hugh Ferguson, an INLA member and an <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">Irish Republican Socialist Party</a> (IRSP) branch chairperson, was the first person to be killed in the feud. One of the first military operations of the INLA was the shooting of OIRA leader <a href="/wiki/Sean_Garland" class="mw-redirect" title="Sean Garland">Sean Garland</a> in Dublin on 1 March. Although shot six times, he survived. After several more shootings (according to the RUC the feud had claimed two lives and wounded nineteen others up to this point) a truce was arranged, but fighting started again. The most prominent victim of the restarted feud was <a href="/wiki/Billy_McMillen" title="Billy McMillen">Billy McMillen</a>, the commander of the OIRA in Belfast, shot by INLA member <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Steenson" title="Gerard Steenson">Gerard Steenson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> His murder was unauthorised and was condemned by Costello.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> This was followed by several more assassinations on both sides, the most prominent victim being Seamus Costello, who was shot dead on the <a href="/wiki/North_Strand_Road" title="North Strand Road">North Strand Road</a> in Dublin on 5 October 1977. Costello's death was a severe blow to the INLA, as he was their most able political and military leader. The Official and Provisional IRAs both denied responsibility and Sinn Féin/The Workers' Party issued a statement condemning the killing. Members of an opposing INLA faction in Belfast also denied the killing. However, the INLA eventually deemed Official IRA member Jim Flynn the person responsible, and he was shot dead in June 1982 in the North Strand, Dublin, very close to the spot where Costello died.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> It has been claimed by some in the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Socialist_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Socialist Movement">Republican Socialist Movement</a> that one of their members killed in 1975, Brendan McNamee (who was involved in the killing of Billy McMillen), was actually killed by Provisional IRA members. The Officials had denied involvement at the time of the killing and had instead blamed it on the Provisionals, who also denied involvement.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> The inter-republican violence had a negative effect on the growth of the fledgling IRSP; its first Ardfheis, scheduled for the end of March, had to be cancelled. Bernadette McAliskey and others left the IRSP in late 1975 after a dispute over a number of issues, most urgent being the question of whether the armed wing should be subordinate to the IRSP's political leadership.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> It was later reported McAliskey had attempted to initiate a discussion to clarify the status of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), what would later become the INLA, but the motion was defeated by majority vote and Costello insisted the PLA was a separate organisation from the IRSP and discussing its affairs was improper.<a href="#cite_note-ii6oc77-30">[30]</a> After her resignation McAliskey accused the IRSP of "being objectively indistinguishable from either wing of the republican movement and possibly combining the worst elements of both". At the end of its first year in existence the IRSP had not progressed as Costello had hoped; ten members of the Ard-Chomhairle had resigned, the organisation in Derry had lost many members, Belfast was at odds with the leadership, and recruitment overall had been hurt by the bloody feud with the Official IRA. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armed_campaign">Armed campaign</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Armed campaign">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:INLA_members_posing_with_weapons_in_South_Armagh_(1986).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f6/INLA_members_posing_with_weapons_in_South_Armagh_%281986%29.jpg/220px-INLA_members_posing_with_weapons_in_South_Armagh_%281986%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f6/INLA_members_posing_with_weapons_in_South_Armagh_%281986%29.jpg/330px-INLA_members_posing_with_weapons_in_South_Armagh_%281986%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f6/INLA_members_posing_with_weapons_in_South_Armagh_%281986%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="389" data-file-height="256" /></a><figcaption>An INLA <a href="/wiki/Active_service_unit" title="Active service unit">active service unit</a> posing with weapons in <a href="/wiki/County_Armagh" title="County Armagh">South Armagh</a>, 11 November 1986</figcaption></figure> The National Liberation Army (NLA) announced its existence and claimed responsibility for several attacks on British security forces in a press release published in November 1975, sent to newspapers<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> and diplomatic missions in London,<a href="#cite_note-ciardp88-32">[32]</a> although the statement was issued too late to be included in the December issue of The Starry Plough. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">We wish to issue the following press statement on behalf of the Army Council of the National Liberation Army. The NLA was recently formed with the aim of ending British Imperialist rule in Ireland and creating a 32 county Democratic Socialist Republic. As revolutionaries, we recognise the paramount necessity for the existence of an armed Anti-Imperialist organisation, which will play an effective role in the current struggle. We totally reject the right of Britain to interfere in Irish affairs and we are determined to resist any British-imposed solution, through the use of armed force against British Occupation Forces and their allies in Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></blockquote> In February 1976 a statement was issued declaring that the "National Liberation Army" and "People's Liberation Army" (the <a href="/wiki/Nom_de_guerre" class="mw-redirect" title="Nom de guerre">nom de guerre</a> employed by the INLA during its feud with the Official IRA) had merged to form a single organisation.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Reportedly the People's Liberation Army name was chosen without the oversight of the group's Dublin-based leadership, although apparently throughout 1976 the INLA in Derry was still known to its own members and outsiders as the PLA.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In July 1976 the PLA in Derry issued a lengthy statement concurring with a recent IRSP statement on recovering from the November split, and stressed the necessity of the PLA as a socialist alternative to the Provisional IRA in the fight against British imperialism.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Journalists had already deduced the Irish National Liberation Army was the military wing of the IRSP following their November 1975 release, although the IRSP would only admit that they had accepted "protection" from "armed groups" in their feud with the Official IRA.<a href="#cite_note-ciardp88-32">[32]</a> The INLA from its inception adopted a republican-paramilitary structure similar to the IRA. Under a chief of staff was an eight-man <a href="/wiki/IRA_Army_Council" title="IRA Army Council">army council</a>, the ultimate decision-making body of the organisation. All major operations were supposed to be sanctioned by the army council. Under the army council was "general headquarters staff" (GHQ). They acted as couriers, supplying INLA units with what they dubbed "gear" or "logistics" - weapons and explosives. In return, GHQ received information on potential targets and proceeds from robberies. Next came the "brigades", which were generally much smaller than those of the Provisional IRA. The INLA did not re-organise its brigades into smaller cells as the Provisional IRA did in the late-Seventies, which proved extremely damaging during the <a href="/wiki/Supergrass_(informant)" title="Supergrass (informant)">supergrass trials</a> of the mid-Eighties. The INLA leadership later admitted that their failure to do this was a serious weakness, but argued to maintain recruitment and pursue its political ambitions it had to stay in touch with the "civilian" population. In January 1983 the INLA leadership said they hoped to implement a more cellular system throughout the year but it's unlikely this plan to come to fruition in the wake of damaging police penetration.<a href="#cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">[2]</a> However, interviewed in late 1983, then INLA leader Dominic McGlinchey asserted the cell system had been introduced throughout the organisation.<a href="#cite_note-itdya-37">[37]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Divis_Flats_Belfast_July_1992.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Divis_Flats_Belfast_July_1992.jpg/220px-Divis_Flats_Belfast_July_1992.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Divis_Flats_Belfast_July_1992.jpg/330px-Divis_Flats_Belfast_July_1992.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Divis_Flats_Belfast_July_1992.jpg/440px-Divis_Flats_Belfast_July_1992.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2262" data-file-height="1544" /></a><figcaption>Divis Flats, Belfast</figcaption></figure> In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the INLA developed into a modest organisation in Northern Ireland, operating primarily from the <a href="/wiki/Divis_Flats" class="mw-redirect" title="Divis Flats">Divis Flats</a> in west <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>, which, as a result, became colloquially known as "the planet of the Irps" (a reference to the IRSP and the film <a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(1968_film)" title="Planet of the Apes (1968 film)">Planet of the Apes</a>).<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> They also had a large presence in <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a> and the surrounding area, and all three of the INLA prisoners who died in the <a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">1981 Irish hunger strike</a> were from <a href="/wiki/County_Londonderry" title="County Londonderry">County Londonderry</a>. Northern County Armagh reportedly had a significant INLA/IRSP presence also.<a href="#cite_note-Jack_Holland_pp.35-36-23">[23]</a> In the Republic of Ireland the INLA/IRSP was primarily based in Dublin and <a href="/wiki/Munster" title="Munster">Munster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Vincent_Browne-39">[39]</a> From 1982 onwards the INLA also established units in <a href="/wiki/Newry" title="Newry">Newry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Downpatrick" title="Downpatrick">Downpatrick</a> and several rural border areas.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> The first member of the security forces to be killed by the INLA was an RUC officer, Noel Davis, killed on 24 May 1975 by a <a href="/wiki/Booby_trap" title="Booby trap">booby trap</a> bomb left in a car in Ballinahone, near <a href="/wiki/Maghera" title="Maghera">Maghera, County Londonderry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> During this period, the INLA competed with the Provisional IRA for members, with both groups in conflict with the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a>. The INLA leader in Belfast, Ronnie Bunting, called in claims of responsibility to the media by the code name "Captain Green". The first action to bring the INLA to international notice was its assassination on 30 March 1979 of <a href="/wiki/Airey_Neave" title="Airey Neave">Airey Neave</a>, the <a href="/wiki/British_Conservative_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="British Conservative Party">British Conservative Party</a>'s spokesman on Northern Ireland and one of <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>'s closest political supporters. Through the 1970s Neave, an influential <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Tory</a> Member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons" title="House of Commons">House of Commons</a>, had been advocating within British political circles for an abandonment of the <a href="/wiki/British_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="British Government">British Government</a>'s strategy of a containment of Irish paramilitary violence in Northern Ireland against the British State, and for the adoption of a strategy of waging a military offensive against it seeking its martial defeat. This brought him to the attention of both the Provisional IRA and the INLA as a potential threat to their organisations and activities.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> A political source in Westminster hostile to Neave's statements on the security situation in Northern Ireland is believed to have passed on information to the INLA which gave it the means to carry out the assassination attack upon him within the precincts of the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a>. The information it had received gave it a means of access to the House of Commons' car park, and INLA decided to use a bomb with a <a href="/wiki/Mercury_switch" title="Mercury switch">mercury-tilt switch</a> detonator which would explode when the device was at a certain acute angle on the House of Commons' car park ramp, as it lacked information on Neave's movements with the car to allow the effective use of a <a href="/wiki/Time_bomb" title="Time bomb">time bomb</a> device.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The INLA issued a statement regarding the attack in the August 1979 edition of its publication <a href="/wiki/The_Starry_Plough_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Starry Plough (newspaper)">The Starry Plough</a>:<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">In March, retired terrorist and supporter of capital punishment, Airey Neave, got a taste of his own medicine when an INLA unit pulled off the operation of the decade and blew him to bits inside the 'impregnable' Palace of Westminster. The nauseous Margaret Thatcher snivelled on television that he was an 'incalculable loss' – and so he was – to the British ruling class.</blockquote> The attention the INLA received following the death of Airey Neave led to it being declared an illegal organisation in Britain and Northern Ireland. However, despite the "success" of the 30 March action, the INLA was facing internal turmoil. IRSP chairperson <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Daly" title="Miriam Daly">Miriam Daly</a> threatened to resign over policy disagreements and perceived failings of the IRSP to raise funds, run in elections, and enact policy. Senior IRSP member Michael Plunkett was arrested after <a href="/wiki/Garda%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Gardaí">gardaí</a> found bomb-making equipment in his flat in Dublin and later jumped bail and fled to Paris. A series of botched Middle East arms importation attempts precipitated tensions between Belfast and Dublin representatives to the INLA GHQ and <a href="/wiki/Dessie_Grew" title="Dessie Grew">Dessie Grew</a> considered assassinating the leader of the Belfast faction opposed to the INLA chief of staff. Before the conflict broke out there were attempts to recruit veteran Provisional IRA leader <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Mac_St%C3%ADof%C3%A1in" title="Seán Mac Stíofáin">Seán Mac Stíofáin</a> as INLA chief of staff in the hope he would help stabilise the organisation. He was interested and met with INLA Army Council representatives on several occasions between 1978 and 1979 but nothing materialised. The unauthorised kidnapping of a Dublin bank manager from his home in January 1980 led to further internal anger and an operation in England was planned to demonstrate that the INLA was still capable of carrying on its war. An INLA <a href="/wiki/Active_service_unit" title="Active service unit">Active service unit</a> planted two 10 lb bombs at <a href="/wiki/Netheravon" title="Netheravon">Netheravon</a> British Army camp in the <a href="/wiki/Salisbury_Plain_Training_Area" title="Salisbury Plain Training Area">Salisbury Plain Training Area</a>. Although only one bomb detonated & caused damage starting a fire, and injuring two soldiers, this action helped bind the organisation together.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> The INLA lost another of its founding leadership in 1980, when Ronnie Bunting was assassinated at his home.<a href="#cite_note-dead-47">[47]</a> Noel Lyttle, another Protestant member of the IRSP, was killed in the same incident. The <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Association" title="Ulster Defence Association">Ulster Defence Association</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Loyalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Loyalism">Ulster loyalist</a> paramilitary, claimed responsibility for both killings. Miriam Daly, who had resigned from the IRSP four months earlier, was killed by loyalist assassins in the same year. Although no group claimed responsibility, the INLA claimed that the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> (SAS) was involved in the killings of Bunting and Little. All three were strongly identified with the <a href="/wiki/Anti_H-Block" title="Anti H-Block">campaign against criminalisation</a> of republican paramilitary prisoners.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-exa2-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hunger_strike">Hunger strike</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hunger strike">edit</a>]</div> IRA and INLA prisoners convicted after March 1976 did not have <a href="/wiki/Special_Category_Status" title="Special Category Status">Special Category Status</a> applied in prison. Defending paramilitary prisoners' right to special category status, i.e. political status was an issue the IRSP and INLA advocated for from the outset, both within the prisons and on outside, when others, including the Provisional IRA and Sinn Féin, seemed reluctant to do so. This could be partly attributed to IRSP/INLA prisoners being immediately forced into confrontation with prison staff as soon as the movement was formed. Because IRSP prisoners were not members of the Official IRA or Provisional IRA they were denied political status while it was still granted and in summer 1975 twenty IRSP prisoners went on hunger strike for the right to wear their own clothes, to associate freely, refuse to do prison work, and to elect their own spokesmen. These would later become the core of the five demands of the H-Block protest and the 1981 hunger strike was fought. As the 1 March 1976 deadline for the removal of special category status approached the Northern Ireland Office met with a council of representing all paramilitary organisations, loyalist and republican, inside Long Kesh prison. The British offered concessions in return for the removal of special category status. Only the IRSP would go on to flatly refuse the offer. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maze_Prison_-_geograph_-_341034.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Maze_Prison_-_geograph_-_341034.jpg/220px-Maze_Prison_-_geograph_-_341034.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Maze_Prison_-_geograph_-_341034.jpg/330px-Maze_Prison_-_geograph_-_341034.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Maze_Prison_-_geograph_-_341034.jpg/440px-Maze_Prison_-_geograph_-_341034.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Maze" title="HM Prison Maze">Maze prison</a> near Belfast, site of the prisoners' protests and hunger strike</figcaption></figure> On 14 November the first IRSP/INLA prisoner, James Connolly Brady of Derry, joined the <a href="/wiki/Blanket_protest" title="Blanket protest">blanket protest</a>. Both the INLA and IRA attacked prison staff outside the prison. However, unlike Sinn Féin, the IRSP engaged in popular agitation on the streets in Dublin, Belfast, Cork, and elsewhere. Behind the public rhetoric, there was deep concern within the IRSP about the commitment of the IRA/Sinn Féin to the H-Block protest; Sinn Féin had voted at its Ard Chomhairle to prohibit cooperation with the IRSP in protest activities in the South and in June 1978 Sinn Féin protests stopped as it emerged the IRA were in secret negotiations with mediators. According to Holland and McDonald, "as conditions inside the H-Blocks deteriorated, so did relations between the IRSP and the Provisionals." The Sinn Féin Ard-Chomhairle put out a directive in September 1978 banning any IRSP speaker from sharing a Provisional speaker, and at a meeting held in <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Hall" title="Liberty Hall">Liberty Hall</a> to discuss the prison crisis all the Provisionals walked out when Mick Plunkett stood up to speak. The IRA regarded the prisons campaign as a distraction from the armed struggle and were reluctant to get too involved in any protest movement they could not control. However, hunger strike publicity events in continental Europe received an enthusiastic reception.<a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994_256-261-50">[50]</a> On 27 October 1980, republican prisoners in HM Prison Maze began a hunger strike. One hundred and forty-eight prisoners volunteered to be part of the strike, but a total of seven were selected to match the number of men who signed the Easter 1916 Proclamation of the Republic. The group consisted of IRA members Brendan Hughes, Tommy McKearney, Raymond McCartney, Tom McFeeley, Sean McKenna, Leo Green, and INLA member John Nixon. This hunger strike ended a week before Christmas. In January 1981, it became clear that the prisoners' demands had not been conceded. Prison authorities began to supply the prisoners with officially issued civilian clothing, whereas the prisoners demanded the right to wear their own clothing. In addition, the militancy of INLA blanket men, who were refusing to withdraw from the protest, was causing problems. On 27 January INLA prisoners rioted because the INLA Officer Commanding <a href="/wiki/Patsy_O%27Hara" title="Patsy O'Hara">Patsy O'Hara</a> was not permitted by the authorities to see his own men. The stage was set for another confrontation and in March the 1981 Irish hunger strike began. Three INLA members died during the latter hunger strike – Patsy O'Hara, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Lynch_(hunger_striker)" title="Kevin Lynch (hunger striker)">Kevin Lynch</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Devine_(hunger_striker)" title="Michael Devine (hunger striker)">Michael Devine</a>, along with seven Provisional IRA members. The hunger strike leader <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Sands" title="Bobby Sands">Bobby Sands</a> and Anti H-Block activist <a href="/wiki/Owen_Carron" title="Owen Carron">Owen Carron</a> were elected to the <a href="/wiki/British_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="British Parliament">British Parliament</a>, and two other protesting prisoners were elected to the <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il" class="mw-redirect" title="Dáil">Dáil</a>. In addition, there were work stoppages and large demonstrations all over Ireland in sympathy with the hunger strikers. It was reported the turnout for Patsy O'Hara's funeral was equal to that of Bloody Sunday. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:25th_commemoration_of_1981_Irish_hunger_strike.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/25th_commemoration_of_1981_Irish_hunger_strike.JPG/220px-25th_commemoration_of_1981_Irish_hunger_strike.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/25th_commemoration_of_1981_Irish_hunger_strike.JPG/330px-25th_commemoration_of_1981_Irish_hunger_strike.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/25th_commemoration_of_1981_Irish_hunger_strike.JPG/440px-25th_commemoration_of_1981_Irish_hunger_strike.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A commemoration on the 25th anniversary of the hunger strike</figcaption></figure> <div 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Troublesin_Ireland" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Northern_Ireland_Troubles" title="Template:Campaignbox Northern Ireland Troubles"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Northern_Ireland_Troubles" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Northern Ireland Troubles"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Northern_Ireland_Troubles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Northern Ireland Troubles"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Troublesin_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">1960s and 1970s <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bogside" title="Battle of the Bogside">Battle of the Bogside</a>/<a href="/wiki/1969_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1969 Northern Ireland riots">1969 riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_Studio_bombing" title="RTÉ Studio bombing">RTÉ bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St_Matthew%27s" title="Battle of St Matthew's">Battle of St Matthew's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falls_Curfew" title="Falls Curfew">Falls Curfew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Crossmaglen_bombing" title="1970 Crossmaglen bombing">Crossmaglen bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Scottish_soldiers%27_killings" title="1971 Scottish soldiers' killings">Scottish soldiers' killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Demetrius" title="Operation Demetrius">Operation Demetrius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballymurphy_massacre" title="Ballymurphy massacre">Ballymurphy massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Newry_killings" title="1971 Newry killings">Newry killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Lion_Pub_bombing" title="Red Lion Pub bombing">Red Lion Pub bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGurk%27s_Bar_bombing" title="McGurk's Bar bombing">McGurk's Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Balmoral_Furniture_Company_bombing" title="1971 Balmoral Furniture Company bombing">Balmoral showroom bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Sunday_(1972)" title="Bloody Sunday (1972)">Bloody Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abercorn_Restaurant_bombing" title="Abercorn Restaurant bombing">Abercorn Restaurant bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donegall_Street_bombing" title="Donegall Street bombing">Donegall St bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Springmartin" title="Battle at Springmartin">Battle at Springmartin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungiven_landmine_and_gun_attack" title="Dungiven landmine and gun attack">Dungiven ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lenadoon" title="Battle of Lenadoon">Battle of Lenadoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springhill_massacre" title="Springhill massacre">Springhill massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Friday_(1972)" title="Bloody Friday (1972)">Bloody Friday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Motorman" title="Operation Motorman">Operation Motorman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudy_bombing" title="Claudy bombing">Claudy bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newry_customs_bombing" title="Newry customs bombing">Newry customs bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanaghanroe_landmine_attack" title="Sanaghanroe landmine attack">Sanaghanroe attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny%27s_Bar_bombing" title="Benny's Bar bombing">Benny's Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_Hill_bar_shooting" title="Top of the Hill bar shooting">Annie's Bar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belturbet_bombing" title="Belturbet bombing">Belturbet bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_and_1973_Dublin_bombings" title="1972 and 1973 Dublin bombings">Dublin bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Lodge_Six_shooting" title="New Lodge Six shooting">New Lodge Six shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Coleraine_bombings" title="1973 Coleraine bombings">Coleraine bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_%26_Crown_Bar_bombing" title="Rose & Crown Bar bombing">Rose & Crown Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_UDR_Clogher_barracks" title="Attack on UDR Clogher barracks">Clogher barracks attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin_and_Monaghan_bombings" title="Dublin and Monaghan bombings">Dublin & Monaghan bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountainview_Tavern_attack" title="Mountainview Tavern attack">Mountainview Tavern attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleary_Darts_Club_shooting" title="Bleary Darts Club shooting">Bleary Darts Club shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand_Bar_bombing" title="Strand Bar bombing">Strand Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forkhill_beer_keg_bombing" title="Forkhill beer keg bombing">Forkhill beer keg bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Showband_killings" title="Miami Showband killings">Miami Showband killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayardo_Bar_attack" title="Bayardo Bar attack">Bayardo Bar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullyvallen_massacre" title="Tullyvallen massacre">Tullyvallen massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1975_Northern_Ireland_attacks" title="October 1975 Northern Ireland attacks">October 1975 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drummuckavall_ambush" title="Drummuckavall ambush">Drummuckavall ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin_Airport_bombing" title="Dublin Airport bombing">Dublin Airport bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donnelly%27s_Bar_and_Kay%27s_Tavern_attacks" title="Donnelly's Bar and Kay's Tavern attacks">Dundalk & Silverbridge attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bar_bombing" title="Central Bar bombing">Central Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reavey_and_O%27Dowd_killings" title="Reavey and O'Dowd killings">Reavey and O'Dowd killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsmill_massacre" title="Kingsmill massacre">Kingsmill massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castleblayney_bombing" title="Castleblayney bombing">Castleblayney bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillcrest_Bar_bombing" title="Hillcrest Bar bombing">Hillcrest Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagstaff_Hill_incident" title="Flagstaff Hill incident">Flagstaff Hill incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemont_pub_attacks" title="Charlemont pub attacks">Charlemont pub attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Store_Bar_shooting" title="The Store Bar shooting">Store Bar shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorane_Bar_attack" title="Chlorane Bar attack">Chlorane Bar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramble_Inn_attack" title="Ramble Inn attack">Ramble Inn attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_Inn_attack" title="Stag Inn attack">Stag Inn attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Andersonstown_incident" title="1976 Andersonstown incident">Andersonstown incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garryhinch_ambush" title="Garryhinch ambush">Garryhinch ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Balmoral_Furniture_Company_bombing" title="1976 Balmoral Furniture Company bombing">1976 Balmoral bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_British_Army_Gazelle_downing" title="1978 British Army Gazelle downing">Jonesborough Gazelle shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mon_restaurant_bombing" title="La Mon restaurant bombing">La Mon restaurant bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrenpoint_ambush" title="Warrenpoint ambush">Warrenpoint ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungannon_land_mine_attack" title="Dungannon land mine attack">Dungannon land mine attack</a></li></ul> <hr /> 1980s <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunmurry_train_bombing" title="Dunmurry train bombing">Dunmurry train bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_shipping_in_Lough_Foyle_(1981%E2%80%9382)" title="Attacks on shipping in Lough Foyle (1981–82)">Lough Foyle attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altnaveigh_landmine_attack" title="Altnaveigh landmine attack">Altnaveigh landmine attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasdrumman_ambush" title="Glasdrumman ambush">Glasdrumman ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Divis_Flats_bombing" title="1982 Divis Flats bombing">Divis Flats bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droppin_Well_bombing" title="Droppin Well bombing">Droppin Well bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballygawley_land_mine_attack" title="Ballygawley land mine attack">Ballygawley land mine attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkley_killings" title="Darkley killings">Darkley killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesh_ambush" title="Kesh ambush">Kesh ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strabane_ambush" title="Strabane ambush">Strabane ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Newry_mortar_attack" title="1985 Newry mortar attack">Newry mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Ballygawley_barracks" title="Attack on Ballygawley barracks">Ballygawley barracks attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_RUC_Birches_barracks" title="Attack on RUC Birches barracks">Birches barracks attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clontibret_invasion" title="Clontibret invasion">Clontibret invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughgall_ambush" title="Loughgall ambush">Loughgall ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remembrance_Day_bombing" title="Remembrance Day bombing">Remembrance Day bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milltown_Cemetery_attack" title="Milltown Cemetery attack">Milltown Cemetery attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporals_killings" title="Corporals killings">Corporals killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Bar_shooting" title="Avenue Bar shooting">Avenue Bar shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisburn_van_bombing" title="Lisburn van bombing">Lisburn van bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_British_Army_Lynx_shootdown" title="1988 British Army Lynx shootdown">Aughanduff Lynx shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballygawley_bus_bombing" title="Ballygawley bus bombing">Ballygawley bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambush_at_Drumnakilly" title="Ambush at Drumnakilly">Drumnakilly ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Jonesborough_ambush" title="1989 Jonesborough ambush">Jonesborough ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Derryard_checkpoint" title="Attack on Derryard checkpoint">Derryard checkpoint attack</a></li></ul> <hr /> 1990s <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_British_Army_Gazelle_shootdown" title="1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown">Derrygorry Gazelle shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downpatrick_landmine_attack" title="Downpatrick landmine attack">Downpatrick landmine attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Conservation" title="Operation Conservation">Operation Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Armagh_City_roadside_bomb" title="1990 Armagh City roadside bomb">Armagh City roadside bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFA_Fort_Victoria_bombing" title="RFA Fort Victoria bombing">Fort Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxy_bomb#October_1990_proxy_bombings" title="Proxy bomb">Proxy bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Lough_Neagh_ambush" title="1990 Lough Neagh ambush">Lough Neagh ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_British_Army_Lynx_shootdown" title="1991 British Army Lynx shootdown">Silverbridge Lynx shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullacreevie_ambush" title="Mullacreevie ambush">Mullacreevie ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Cappagh_killings" title="1991 Cappagh killings">Cappagh killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigavon_mobile_shop_killings" title="Craigavon mobile shop killings">Craigavon mobile shop killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenanne_barracks_bombing" title="Glenanne barracks bombing">Glenanne barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coagh_ambush" title="Coagh ambush">Coagh ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musgrave_Park_Hospital_bombing" title="Musgrave Park Hospital bombing">Musgrave Park Hospital bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Craigavon_killings" title="1991 Craigavon killings">Craigavon Hyster killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teebane_bombing" title="Teebane bombing">Teebane bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Sinn_F%C3%A9in_Headquarters_shooting" title="1992 Sinn Féin Headquarters shooting"> Sinn Féin Headquarters shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Graham_bookmakers%27_shooting" title="Sean Graham bookmakers' shooting">Sean Graham bookmakers' shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clonoe_ambush" title="Clonoe ambush">Clonoe ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Cloghoge_checkpoint" title="Attack on Cloghoge checkpoint">Cloghoge checkpoint attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Coalisland_riots" title="1992 Coalisland riots">Coalisland riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Armagh_Sniper_(1990%E2%80%931997)" title="South Armagh Sniper (1990–1997)">South Armagh sniper campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forensic_Science_Laboratory_bombing" title="Forensic Science Laboratory bombing">Forensic Lab bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_James_Murray%27s_bookmakers" title="Attack on James Murray's bookmakers">James Murray's bookmakers attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Castlerock_killings" title="1993 Castlerock killings">Castlerock killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Cullaville" title="Occupation of Cullaville">Cullaville occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Newry_Road" title="Battle of Newry Road">Battle of Newry Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankill_Road_bombing" title="Shankill Road bombing">Shankill Road bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greysteel_massacre" title="Greysteel massacre">Greysteel massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Fivemiletown_ambush" title="1993 Fivemiletown ambush">Fivemiletown ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_British_Army_Lynx_shootdown" title="1994 British Army Lynx shootdown">Crossmaglen Lynx shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Shankill_Road_killings" title="1994 Shankill Road killings">1994 Shankill Road killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughinisland_massacre" title="Loughinisland massacre">Loughinisland massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killeeshil_ambush" title="Killeeshil ambush">Killeeshil ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drumcree_conflict" title="Drumcree conflict">Drumcree conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiepval_barracks_bombing" title="Thiepval barracks bombing">Thiepval barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Coalisland_attack" title="1997 Coalisland attack">Coalisland attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1997 Northern Ireland riots">1997 riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinn_brothers%27_killings" title="Quinn brothers' killings">Quinn brothers' killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Banbridge_bombing" title="1998 Banbridge bombing">Banbridge bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omagh_bombing" title="Omagh bombing">Omagh bombing</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_The_Troubles_in_Britain_and_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Campaignbox The Troubles in Britain and Europe">The Troubles in Britain & Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_assassinations_Northern_Ireland_Troubles" title="Template:Campaignbox assassinations Northern Ireland Troubles">Assassinations during the Troubles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_feud" title="Loyalist feud">Loyalist feud</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> There was a bitter clash over the IRSP's share of money raised in an American fund-raising tour undertaken by three of the hunger-strikers' relatives, Liz O'Hara, Malachy McCreesh, and Seán Sands. The tour had been organised by <a href="/wiki/Noraid" class="mw-redirect" title="Noraid">Noraid</a>, the Provisional IRA's support group in the United States. Noraid had objected to O'Hara being on the tour because her brother Patsy was a "communist" and would sully the image republicans had in the United States. However, the other relatives refused to go unless she accompanied them. There were disputes over the exact amount of money raised but the only certainty is INLA prisoners received none of it. IRSP member Seán Flynn travelled to New York where he met <a href="/wiki/Martin_Galvin" title="Martin Galvin">Martin Galvin</a> a leading Noraid spokesman. The meeting devolved into a shouting match with Galvin denouncing Flynn as a communist and having him thrown out of the house. Flynn toured the United States as a representative of the H-Block committee but Noraid was told to stay away from any meeting he was speaking at. A wealthy Noraid supporter who did attend a meeting was so disgusted by Flynn's sympathy for <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/African-Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="African-Americans">African-Americans</a> that he tore up a previously promised cheque for $10,000. He allegedly told Flynn "I don't like niggers".<a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> The INLA unit which operated in the Lower Falls area of Belfast, led by Gerard Steenson, were particularly active at this time. However, the Belfast INLA was increasingly at odds with the Dublin leadership for personal and political reasons. By the beginning of 1982, this faction had shot and wounded the INLA's northern organiser Jackie Goodman, IRSP Belfast city councillor Sean Flynn and Flynn's brother Harry Flynn, hiding out in Dublin after escaping from the Maze prison in 1976. Steenson's faction claimed they were the true INLA. In response, the old Dublin INLA leadership declared they be shot on sight.<a href="#cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dominic_McGlinchey">Dominic McGlinchey</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Dominic McGlinchey">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Gabriel_Radar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Mount_Gabriel_Radar.jpg/220px-Mount_Gabriel_Radar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Mount_Gabriel_Radar.jpg/330px-Mount_Gabriel_Radar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Mount_Gabriel_Radar.jpg/440px-Mount_Gabriel_Radar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4404" data-file-height="2931" /></a><figcaption>The radar station at Mount Gabriel was bombed by the INLA in September 1982, who claimed it was providing assistance to NATO</figcaption></figure> In summer 1982 in a "rare moment of tactical expediency" what was left of the INLA's Belfast leadership, a group with close contacts with the Lower Falls gang, patched up their differences with the old INLA leadership and agreed on the composition of a new army council, chief of staff and Belfast commander.<a href="#cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">[2]</a> In early 1982 IRA veteran <a href="/wiki/Dominic_McGlinchey" title="Dominic McGlinchey">Dominic McGlinchey</a> was released from <a href="/wiki/Portlaoise_Prison" title="Portlaoise Prison">Portlaoise Prison</a> having served five years. McGlinchey had defected to the INLA in prison and after he was freed quickly rose up the ranks to become director of operations. He made an immediate impact, ruthlessly putting an end to dissent within the organisation and recruiting new members. Based in the Dundalk area, McGlinchey began to organise the INLA in Armagh, Newry, Tyrone, South Londonderry, and South West Antrim.<a href="#cite_note-itdya-37">[37]</a> His release coincided with the theft of 1,000 lb (450 kg) of <a href="/wiki/Frangex" class="mw-redirect" title="Frangex">Frangex</a> commercial explosives from the Tara mines in <a href="/wiki/County_Tipperary" title="County Tipperary">County Tipperary</a>, enabling the organisation to carry out an "intensive" bombing campaign. Throughout 1982 the INLA stepped up its attacks on <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Unionist</a> leaders with a swathe of bomb attacks on their homes and offices.<a href="#cite_note-Jack_Holland_pp.212-215-53">[53]</a> Attacks against British security forces continued also, but a number of operations killed Catholic children, with three dying in Belfast as a result of INLA explosions in a five-month period. These were propaganda disasters for the INLA, and, say authors Holland and McDonald, "gave the INLA a reputation for recklessness".<a href="#cite_note-Jack_Holland_pp.212-215-53">[53]</a> Other offensive INLA actions at this time included the bombing of the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Gabriel" title="Mount Gabriel">Mount Gabriel</a> radar station in <a href="/wiki/County_Cork" title="County Cork">County Cork</a>, which the INLA believed was providing assistance to the <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organisation</a> in violation of <a href="/wiki/Irish_neutrality" title="Irish neutrality">Irish neutrality</a>, although this was disputed by the Irish government.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Their deadliest attack came on 6 December 1982 – the <a href="/wiki/Ballykelly_disco_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballykelly disco bombing">Ballykelly disco bombing</a> of the Droppin' Well Bar in <a href="/wiki/Ballykelly,_County_Londonderry" title="Ballykelly, County Londonderry">Ballykelly</a>, County Londonderry, which catered to British military personnel, in which 11 soldiers on leave and 6 civilians were killed. Shortly afterwards, the INLA issued a statement of responsibility: <blockquote> We believe that it is only attacks of such a nature that bring it home to people in Britain and the British establishment. The shooting of an individual soldier, for the people of Britain, has very little effect in terms of the media or in terms of the British administration.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Irish_National_Liberation_Army_(INLA)_Brigades_flag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Irish_National_Liberation_Army_%28INLA%29_Brigades_flag.png/220px-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_%28INLA%29_Brigades_flag.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Irish_National_Liberation_Army_%28INLA%29_Brigades_flag.png/330px-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_%28INLA%29_Brigades_flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Irish_National_Liberation_Army_%28INLA%29_Brigades_flag.png/440px-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_%28INLA%29_Brigades_flag.png 2x" data-file-width="2835" data-file-height="1701" /></a><figcaption>Flag several regional brigades of the INLA began using during the 1980s</figcaption></figure> On 20 November 1983, three members of the congregation in the Mountain Lodge <a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a> Church, <a href="/wiki/Darkley" title="Darkley">Darkley</a>, (near <a href="/wiki/Keady" title="Keady">Keady</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Armagh" title="County Armagh">County Armagh</a>) were shot dead during a Sunday service. The attack was claimed by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Reaction_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Reaction Force">Catholic Reaction Force</a>, a cover name for a small group of people, including one member of the INLA. The weapon used came from an INLA arms dump, but <a href="/wiki/Tim_Pat_Coogan" title="Tim Pat Coogan">Tim Pat Coogan</a> claims in his book The IRA that the weapon had been given to the INLA member to assassinate a known loyalist and the attack on the church was not sanctioned. The INLA's then-chief of staff, Dominic McGlinchey, came out of hiding to condemn the attack. On 17 March 1984, Dominic McGlinchey and three other INLA members were surrounded by armed Garda detectives at a safe house in <a href="/wiki/Newmarket-on-Fergus" title="Newmarket-on-Fergus">Newmarket-on-Fergus</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Clare" title="County Clare">County Clare</a>. Over one hundred bullets were exchanged in a shootout before Gardai of the Special Branch task force made their way into the farmhouse, subsequently causing McGlinchey to call for a priest in surrender.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> On going into jail McGlinchey handed over his position as Chief of Staff to a <a href="/wiki/Newry" title="Newry">Newry</a> ally; the INLA Army Council was not consulted on this decision.<a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supergrass">Supergrass</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Supergrass">edit</a>]</div> In the mid-1980s, the INLA was greatly weakened by splits and criminality within its own ranks, as well as the conviction of many of its members under the <a href="/wiki/Supergrass_(informer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supergrass (informer)">supergrass scheme</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harry_Kirkpatrick" title="Harry Kirkpatrick">Harry Kirkpatrick</a>, an INLA volunteer, was arrested in February 1983 on charges of five murders and subsequently agreed to give evidence against other INLA members.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The INLA kidnapped Kirkpatrick's wife Elizabeth,<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> and later kidnapped his sister and his stepfather too. All were released physically unharmed. INLA Chief of Staff Dominic McGlinchey is alleged to have killed Kirkpatrick's lifelong friend Gerard 'Sparky' Barkley because he may have revealed the whereabouts of the Kirkpatrick family members to the police.<a href="#cite_note-LL-59">[59]</a> In May 1983, 10 men were charged with various offences on the basis of evidence from Kirkpatrick. Those charged included IRSP vice-chairman Kevin McQuillan and former councillor Sean Flynn. IRSP chairman and INLA member <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Brown_(Irish_nationalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jimmy Brown (Irish nationalist)">James Brown</a> was charged with the murder of a police officer.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Others escaped; Jim Barr, an IRSP member named by Kirkpatrick as part of the INLA, fled to the US where, having spent 17 months in jail, he won <a href="/wiki/Political_asylum" class="mw-redirect" title="Political asylum">political asylum</a> in 1993.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In December 1985, 27 people were convicted on the basis of Kirkpatrick's statements. By December 1986, 24 of those convictions had been overturned. Gerard Steenson was given five life sentences for the deaths of the same five people that Kirkpatrick himself had been convicted of, these included <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Regiment" title="Ulster Defence Regiment">Ulster Defence Regiment</a> soldier Colin Quinn, shot in Belfast in December 1980.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Holland and McDonald summarise the impact the supergrass trials had on the INLA: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">The impact on the INLA had been devastating. Though many of its most active volunteers were incarcerated for several years, this proved not to be the most serious impact the supergrass trials and their aftermath had on the organisation. For more important was the suspicion and bitterness within the organisation that was planted during those years. It would soon grow to deadly proportions.<a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feuds_and_splits">Feuds and splits</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Feuds and splits">edit</a>]</div> Holland and McDonald argue the "frenzy of activity generated under the rule of Dominic McGlinchey" had "masked the seriousness of the situation facing the IRSP and INLA. By 1984 the movement had "degenerated into a loosely knit group of often mutually suspicious fiefdoms." The IRSP took a more rigidly Marxist/Leninist line than that ever previously adopted by the movement in an attempt to delineate the IRSP/INLA more clearly from the Sinn Féin and the Provisional IRA. The adoption of this rigid line meant the effective abandonment of the broad front strategy as initially conceived by Seamus Costello. Widespread criminality and ruthless <a href="/wiki/Racketeering" title="Racketeering">racketeering</a> by the INLA in Belfast after the imprisonment of key activists following the supergrass trials brought the movement into further disrepute and the INLA leadership moved against the new Officer Commanding (OC) of the Belfast INLA. The INLA carried out a number of bomb attacks in 1985 but the INLA was more concerned with the internal battle for control of the disintegrating organisation. John O'Reilly, former OC of the Markets area of Belfast, emerged as the winner and usurped the Dundalk man McGlinchey had appointed to become chief of staff. John O'Reilly was regarded with suspicion by some within the INLA, he was dismissed from the organisation by Ronnie Bunting in the late 1970s after an internal inquiry into allegations of O'Reilly being a police informant. In jail, the INLA began to break up into warring factions. By late 1984 they could be divided into three broad groupings; one centred around Gerard Steenson, a second that opposed him, and a third that associated with Tom McAllister. Steenson's men, who included Jimmy Brown, were angry and disillusioned at the way the INLA had developed since their arrest. Incidents such as the Darkley killings and the police penetration and corruption in Belfast convinced them that the INLA was beyond reform. Those opposed to Steenson were the de facto INLA leadership including <a href="/wiki/Ta_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta Power">Ta Power</a> and John O'Reilly. Their priority was to preserve the INLA as an organisation. McAllister at first leaned towards O'Reilly but later veered towards those opposed to him. O'Reilly saw the remnants of the original INLA organisation based in Dublin and Munster as a threat to his legitimacy as chief of staff. Harry Flynn and Gerry Roche were released from Portlaoise Prison in 1984 and set about trying to reconstruct the organisation founded by Costello. Gerry Roche won an agreement by a very narrow majority, on the Ard Comhairle of the lRSP to publish a newspaper. He wanted to call the paper "The Broad Front" and although permission was not granted he went ahead anyway, calling the paper "Freedom Struggle". In the editorial in the first and only issue, Flynn made reference to the tradition of Connolly, Mellowes and Costello but no mention was made of Marx, Engels or Lenin; this was viewed as a reflection of his disagreement with the new Marxist/Leninist line. In response, the O'Reilly faction tried to assassinate both Flynn and Roche. The old arms links were re-activated by the Dublin-Munster grouping as part of an effort to either create a new republican socialist movement or reform the existing INLA; between 1984 and late 1986 they held meetings with Al-Fatah and other Arab sympathisers in Prague, East Berlin, Warsaw, and Tunisia. In 1984 guns started coming into Ireland in modest amounts; Škorpion machine pistols, VZOR pistols, and grenades were smuggled, as well as some "remotes" for bomb detonators. Seamus Ruddy from Newry joined the INLA in Dublin in the 1970s. He was arrested in 1978 for smuggling arms but was acquitted. After dissension among local members, Ruddy drifted away from the main organisation and in 1983 went to <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> where he taught <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. He disappeared in late May 1985, after a meeting with three leading members of the INLA, one of them being John O'Reilly. The three were searching for arms and believed that Ruddy knew where they could be found. At the time, the INLA denied that it was involved with his disappearance and resisted pressure from the Ruddy family to help it locate his whereabouts. In late 1993, a former high-ranking member of the INLA, Peter Stewart, finally admitted that the INLA had killed Ruddy in Paris. Ruddy's remains were found there in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Vincent_Browne-39">[39]</a> In 1987, the INLA and its political wing, the IRSP came under attack from the <a href="/wiki/Irish_People%27s_Liberation_Organisation" title="Irish People's Liberation Organisation">Irish People's Liberation Organisation</a> (IPLO), an organisation founded by disaffected INLA members centred around Tom McAllister, Gerard Steenson, Jimmy Brown and <a href="/wiki/Martin_%22Rook%22_O%27Prey" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin "Rook" O'Prey">Martin "Rook" O'Prey</a> who had resigned or been expelled from the INLA.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The IPLO's initial aim was to destroy the INLA and replace it with their organisation. Five members of the INLA were killed by the IPLO, including leaders Ta Power and John O'Reilly. The INLA retaliated with several killings of their own. After the INLA killed the IPLO's leader, Gerard Steenson in 1987, a truce was reached. Although severely damaged by the IPLO's attacks, the INLA continued to exist. The IPLO, which was heavily involved in drug dealing, was forcibly disbanded by the Provisional IRA in a <a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives_(1992)" class="mw-redirect" title="Night of the Long Knives (1992)">large-scale operation in 1992</a>. Directly after the feud in October 1987, the INLA received more damaging publicity when <a href="/wiki/Dessie_O%27Hare" title="Dessie O'Hare">Dessie O'Hare</a>, an erstwhile INLA volunteer, set up his own group called the "Irish Revolutionary Brigade" and kidnapped a Dublin dentist named John O'Grady. O'Hare cut off two of O'Grady's fingers and sent them to his family in order to secure a <a href="/wiki/Ransom" title="Ransom">ransom</a>. O'Grady was eventually rescued and O'Hare's group arrested after several shootouts with armed <a href="/wiki/Garda%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Gardaí">Gardaí</a>. The INLA disassociated itself from the action, issuing a statement saying O'Hare "is not a member of the INLA".<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> O'Hare later rejoined the INLA while in prison. Following the feud the IRSP embraced a more explicitly left-wing ideological stance; declaring in the December 1987 issue of the Starry Plough the necessity to "break away from Left Republicanism and embrance the scientific socialism of <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a> in order to analyse and thus formulate a political programme for the Irish revolution" and move beyond "republicanism/militarism." The politically minded faction within the movement hoped to build a left-republican alternative to <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a>. However, militarist elements within the INLA were intent on a renewed armed campaign against British security forces and loyalists. A protracted internal power struggle ensued and in 1992 the main political spokespersons for the IRSP departed. In the early 1990s the INLA, particularly in Belfast, effectively became a proxy force for the Provisional IRA, carrying out attacks on loyalist paramilitaries using IRA intelligence. Many shootings were perceived as openly sectarian attacks on Protestants.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> On 14 April 1992, the INLA carried out its first killing in England after the death of Airey Neave, when they shot dead a recruiting army sergeant in <a href="/wiki/Derby" title="Derby">Derby</a> while he was leaving a British Army recruiting office.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> In June 2010, Declan Duffy was charged with the killing,<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> although he was released in March 2013, under the terms of the 1998 <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Dominic McGlinchey was killed in 1994 by unknown assailants after being released from prison the previous year. On 16 June 1994 the <a href="/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army_Belfast_Brigade" title="Irish National Liberation Army Belfast Brigade">INLA's Belfast Brigade</a> <a href="/wiki/1994_Shankill_Road_killings" title="1994 Shankill Road killings">shot dead three</a> members of the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Volunteer_Force" title="Ulster Volunteer Force">Ulster Volunteer Force</a> (UVF); high-ranking UVF Belfast Brigade figure Trevor King and two other UVF members, on the Shankill Road in west Belfast, close to the Belfast headquarters of the UVF.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> In 1995, four members of the INLA, including chief of staff <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Torney_(Irish_republican)" title="Hugh Torney (Irish republican)">Hugh Torney</a>, were arrested by Gardaí in <a href="/wiki/Balbriggan" title="Balbriggan">Balbriggan</a> while trying to smuggle weapons from Dublin to Belfast. Torney, with the support of two of his co-accused, called a ceasefire in exchange for favourable treatment by the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Government">Irish Government</a>. Since Torney, who was chief of staff, under the INLA's rules lacked the authority to call a ceasefire (because he was incarcerated), he and the two men who supported him were expelled from the INLA. Torney and one of those men, Dessie McCleery, as well as founder-member John Fennell, did not wish to surrender the leadership of the organisation. Their faction, known as the INLA/GHQ, assassinated the new INLA chief of staff, <a href="/wiki/Gino_Gallagher" title="Gino Gallagher">Gino Gallagher</a>. After the INLA killed both McCleery and Torney in 1996, the rest of Torney's faction quietly disbanded.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] INLA gunmen opened fire on British soldiers in the <a href="/wiki/Ardoyne" title="Ardoyne">Ardoyne</a> area of North Belfast on 7 July 1997, when the <a href="/wiki/Drumcree_conflict" title="Drumcree conflict">Drumcree conflict</a> triggered <a href="/wiki/1997_nationalist_riots_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 nationalist riots in Northern Ireland">six days of fierce riots and widespread violence</a> in several nationalist areas of Northern Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Killing_of_Billy_Wright">Killing of Billy Wright</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Killing of Billy Wright">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wright_(loyalist)" title="Billy Wright (loyalist)">Billy Wright (loyalist)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEG_PA-63_(parabellum_pl).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/FEG_PA-63_%28parabellum_pl%29.jpg/200px-FEG_PA-63_%28parabellum_pl%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/FEG_PA-63_%28parabellum_pl%29.jpg/300px-FEG_PA-63_%28parabellum_pl%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/FEG_PA-63_%28parabellum_pl%29.jpg/400px-FEG_PA-63_%28parabellum_pl%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>A FEG PA-63 the type of gun used to kill Wright</figcaption></figure> Billy Wright was the founder and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_Volunteer_Force" title="Loyalist Volunteer Force">Loyalist Volunteer Force</a> (LVF). Since July 1996, the group had launched a string of attacks on Catholic civilians, killing at least five. In April 1997, Wright was sentenced to eight years in the <a href="/wiki/Maze_(HM_Prison)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maze (HM Prison)">Maze Prison</a>. On the morning of 27 December 1997, he was assassinated by three INLA prisoners – <a href="/wiki/Christopher_%22Crip%22_McWilliams" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher "Crip" McWilliams">Christopher "Crip" McWilliams</a>, John "Sonny" Glennon and John Kennaway – who were armed with two <a href="/wiki/Pistol" title="Pistol">pistols</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Starry_Plough-75">[75]</a> He was shot as he travelled in a prison van (alongside another LVF prisoner, Norman Green and one prison officer) from one part of the prison to another.<a href="#cite_note-Starry_Plough-75">[75]</a> Kennaway held the driver hostage and Glennon gave cover with a .22 Derringer pistol while McWilliams opened the side door and fired seven shots at Wright with his <a href="/wiki/FEG_PA-63" title="FEG PA-63">PA63 semi-automatic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Starry_Plough-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBConthisday-76">[76]</a> After killing Wright, the three volunteers handed themselves over to prison guards.<a href="#cite_note-Starry_Plough-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBConthisday-76">[76]</a> They also handed over a statement, which read: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">"Billy Wright was executed for one reason and one reason only, and that was for directing and waging his campaign of terror against the nationalist people from his prison cell in Long Kesh.<a href="#cite_note-Starry_Plough-75">[75]</a></blockquote> That night, LVF gunmen opened fire on a <a href="/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">disco</a> in a mainly nationalist area of <a href="/wiki/Dungannon" title="Dungannon">Dungannon</a>. Four civilians were wounded and a former Provisional IRA volunteer was killed in the attack.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The nature of Wright's killing led to speculation that prison authorities colluded with the INLA to have him killed, as he was a danger to the peace process. The INLA strongly denied these rumours, and published a detailed account of the assassination in the March/April 1999 issue of The Starry Plough newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-Starry_Plough-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ceasefire">Ceasefire</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ceasefire">edit</a>]</div> The INLA opposed the 1998 Good Friday Agreement and continued to carry out attacks during the talks process that preceded the agreement and the confirmatory referendum that followed. The INLA claimed responsibility for a car bomb which exploded on 24 June in the Armagh border village of Newtownhamilton.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> The bombing was interpreted as a "protest attack" as it happened the day before the election for the new <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a> that took place on 25 June 1998.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> The RUC believed the Real IRA supplied the INLA with <a href="/wiki/Semtex" title="Semtex">semtex</a> commercial explosive which was thought to have been used as a component in making the bomb.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> INLA members assisted the <a href="/wiki/Dissident_Irish_republican_campaign" title="Dissident Irish republican campaign">bombing campaign</a> being carried out by the <a href="/wiki/Dissident_republican" title="Dissident republican">dissident republican</a> groups the <a href="/wiki/Continuity_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Continuity Irish Republican Army">Continuity Irish Republican Army</a> (CIRA) and <a href="/wiki/Real_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Real Irish Republican Army">Real Irish Republican Army</a> (RIRA) by providing stolen cars that could be transformed into <a href="/wiki/Car_bomb" title="Car bomb">car bombs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> On 15 August 1998 the RIRA exploded a car bomb in the centre of <a href="/wiki/Omagh" title="Omagh">Omagh</a>, County Tyrone killing 29 people and injuring 220 others, in what became the deadliest attack of the Troubles inside Northern Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The INLA declared a ceasefire on 22 August 1998. When calling its ceasefire, the INLA acknowledged the "faults and grievous errors in our prosecution of the war". The INLA admitted that innocent people had been killed and injured "and at times our actions as a liberation army fell far short of what they should have been". The INLA went on to accept the large vote in favour of the Good Friday Agreement – which it had opposed during the 1998 referendums – by the people of both parts of Ireland. It said "The will of the Irish people is clear. It is now time to silence the guns and allow the working classes the time and the opportunity to advance their demands and their needs."<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Although the INLA does not support the Good Friday Agreement, it does not call for a return to armed struggle on behalf of republicans either. An INLA statement released in 1999 declared, "we do not see a return to armed struggle as a viable option at the present time".<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-ceasefire_activities">Post-ceasefire activities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post-ceasefire activities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CW._Derry,_IRSP-INLA_m%C3%B6te.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/CW._Derry%2C_IRSP-INLA_m%C3%B6te.JPG/250px-CW._Derry%2C_IRSP-INLA_m%C3%B6te.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/CW._Derry%2C_IRSP-INLA_m%C3%B6te.JPG/375px-CW._Derry%2C_IRSP-INLA_m%C3%B6te.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/CW._Derry%2C_IRSP-INLA_m%C3%B6te.JPG/500px-CW._Derry%2C_IRSP-INLA_m%C3%B6te.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1468" data-file-height="1668" /></a><figcaption>INLA volunteers carrying a <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ireland" title="Flag of Ireland">flag of Ireland</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(politics)" title="Red flag (politics)">red flag</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Starry_Plough_(flag)" title="Starry Plough (flag)">Starry Plough flag</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bogside" title="Bogside">Bogside</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a> (2005)</figcaption></figure> The INLA maintains a presence in parts of Northern Ireland and has carried out punishment beatings on alleged petty criminals.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Independent_Monitoring_Commission" title="Independent Monitoring Commission">Independent Monitoring Commission</a> (IMC), which monitored paramilitary activity in Northern Ireland, stated in a November 2004 report that the INLA was heavily involved in criminality. In 1997, an INLA man named John Morris was shot dead by <a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Garda Síochána</a> (the Republic's police force) in Dublin during the attempted robbery of a newspaper distributor's depot in <a href="/wiki/Inchicore" title="Inchicore">Inchicore</a>. Three other INLA members were arrested in the incident. In 1999, the INLA in Dublin became involved in a feud with a criminal gang in the city.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-feud-87">[87]</a> After a young INLA man named <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Campbell_(INLA_member)" title="Patrick Campbell (INLA member)">Patrick Campbell</a> was killed by drug dealers, the INLA carried out several shootings in reprisal, including at least one killing.<a href="#cite_note-feud-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> Journalist <a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(media_personality)" title="Paul Williams (media personality)">Paul Williams</a> has also stated the INLA, especially in Dublin, is now primarily a front for organised crime. The IRSP and INLA deny these allegations, arguing that no one has been simultaneously convicted of membership in the INLA and of drug offences. The IRSP and the INLA have both strongly denied any involvement with <a href="/wiki/Drug_dealing" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug dealing">drug dealing</a>, stating that the INLA has threatened criminals who it stated have falsely used its name. The October 2006 IMC report stated that the INLA "was not capable of undertaking a sustained campaign [against the United Kingdom], nor does it aspire to".<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> In December 2007, disturbances broke out at an INLA parade in the <a href="/wiki/Bogside" title="Bogside">Bogside</a> in Derry between spectators and <a href="/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland">Police Service of Northern Ireland</a> (PSNI) officers attempting to arrest four of the marchers.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> In the Seventeenth and Eighteenth IMC reports the INLA was said to remain a threat, with a desire to mount attacks that could well be more dangerous in the future, but was characterized as being largely a <a href="/wiki/Criminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal">criminal</a> <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">enterprise</a> at that time. The INLA killed Brian McGlynn on 3 June 2007 during the span of the first of these reports. This killing was said to have occurred because the victim used the INLA name in the <a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade" title="Illegal drug trade">drug trade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> On 24 June 2008, the INLA was said to have murdered Emmett Shiels, although the IMC report did indicate the investigation was continuing. It was also said to be partaking in "serious crimes" such as drug dealing, <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">extortion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robbery" title="Robbery">robbery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fuel_laundering" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel laundering">fuel laundering</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smuggling" title="Smuggling">smuggling</a>.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Furthermore, the INLA and <a href="/wiki/Continuity_IRA" class="mw-redirect" title="Continuity IRA">Continuity IRA</a> were stated to have co-operated. On 15 February 2009 the INLA claimed responsibility for the shooting death of Derry drug dealer Jim McConnell.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:INLA_milltown2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/INLA_milltown2.jpg/250px-INLA_milltown2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/INLA_milltown2.jpg/375px-INLA_milltown2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/INLA_milltown2.jpg/500px-INLA_milltown2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3488" data-file-height="2616" /></a><figcaption>An INLA memorial in <a href="/wiki/Milltown_Cemetery" title="Milltown Cemetery">Milltown Cemetery</a>, Belfast</figcaption></figure> In March 2009 it was reported that the INLA had stood down its Dublin Brigade in order to allow its army council to carry out an internal investigation into allegations of drug dealing and criminality. The INLA denied it as an organisation was involved in drug dealing and went on to say that "As a result of evidence presented to us, we are investigating the activities of people associated with us in [Dublin]. Pending that outcome, we have stood down several people."<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> A short time later the INLA's Dublin Commander, <a href="/wiki/Declan_Duffy" title="Declan Duffy">Declan "Whacker" Duffy</a>, publicly disassociated himself from the organisation. Duffy criticized the INLA leadership stating that "You would imagine if there was a thorough investigation being carried out by the INLA they would have at least came and spoke to me." He went on to state that: "I can't deny that I'm disappointed with the way the INLA has handled things but at the same time I'm not going to get into a sniping match with them."<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> On 19 August 2009, the INLA shot and wounded a man in Derry. The INLA claimed that the man was involved in drug dealing although the injured man and his family denied the allegation.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> However, in a newspaper article on 28 August the victim retracted his previous statement and admitted that he had been involved in small scale drug dealing but has since ceased these activities.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In October 2015 the <a href="/wiki/Assessment_on_Paramilitary_Groups_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Assessment on Paramilitary Groups in Northern Ireland">Assessment on Paramilitary Groups in Northern Ireland</a>, commissioned by the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland on the structure, role and purpose of paramilitary organisations reported the structures of the INLA remain in existence but there is little indication of centralised control from the leadership. Some members are active in politics through the IRSP however INLA members are "heavily involved" in criminal activity including extortion, drug dealing, distribution of stolen goods, and fraud. The INLA also continues to carry out punishment attacks. Although the INLA's leadership recognises the futility of a return to armed struggle, there is cooperation between INLA members and <a href="/wiki/Dissident_republicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissident republicans">dissident republicans</a>, including the provision of weaponry and "paramilitary-style assaults."<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In July 2024, A Belfast Councillor for the <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">TUV</a> accused the INLA of attacking the Welcome Organisation, a homeless charity in West Belfast, following graffiti painted nearby stating any workmen repairing the centre would be shot.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-101">[101]</a> It is unknown how true this claim is, as local residents have been vocal about their demands for the centre to be relocated due to <a href="/wiki/Anti-social_behaviour" title="Anti-social behaviour">anti-social behaviour</a> (primarily street fights, <a href="/wiki/Substance_abuse" title="Substance abuse">drug abuse</a> and sexual acts in public). Following the attack, the IRSP reiterated calls for its relocation to a more suitable location.<a href="#cite_note-:1-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="End_of_armed_campaign">End of armed campaign</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: End of armed campaign">edit</a>]</div> On 11 October 2009, speaking at the graveside of its founder Seamus Costello in <a href="/wiki/Bray,_County_Wicklow" title="Bray, County Wicklow">Bray</a>, the INLA formally announced an end to its armed campaign, stating the current political framework allowed for the pursuit of its goals through peaceful, democratic means.<a href="#cite_note-BBCOver-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_renounces_violence_in_N._Ireland-103">[103]</a> Martin McMonagle from Derry said: "The Republican Socialist Movement has been informed by the INLA that following a process of serious debate ... it has concluded that the armed struggle is over. The objective of a 32-county socialist republic will be best achieved through exclusively peaceful political struggle".<a href="#cite_note-Irish_paramilitary_group_renounces_armed_struggle-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-INLA-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-INLA_ends_campaign_of_violence-106">[106]</a> The governments of Britain and Ireland were informed before the announcement.<a href="#cite_note-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_to_disband_and_give_up_weapons-107">[107]</a> Sinn Féin's <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a> was doubtful but added: "However, if it is followed by the actions that are necessary, this is a welcome development".<a href="#cite_note-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_renounces_violence-108">[108]</a> On 6 February 2010, days before the <a href="/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_on_Decommissioning" title="Independent International Commission on Decommissioning">Independent International Commission on Decommissioning</a> (IICD) was due to disband, the INLA revealed that it had decommissioned its weapons over the preceding few weeks.<a href="#cite_note-Decommissioning-109">[109]</a> Had the INLA retained its weapons beyond 9 February, the date on which the legislation under which the IICD operated ended, then they would have been treated as belonging to common criminals rather than remnants from the Troubles.<a href="#cite_note-Decommissioning-109">[109]</a> The decommissioning was confirmed by General <a href="/wiki/John_de_Chastelain" title="John de Chastelain">John de Chastelain</a> of the IICD on 8 February 2010.<a href="#cite_note-BBCdecom-110">[110]</a> On the same day INLA spokesman Martin McMonagle said that the INLA made "no apology for [its] part in the conflict" but they believed in the "primacy of politics" to "advance the working class struggle in Ireland".<a href="#cite_note-BBCdecom-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chiefs_of_staff">Chiefs of staff</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Chiefs of staff">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Assumed position </th> <th>Left position </th> <th>Source </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Costello" title="Seamus Costello">Seamus Costello</a> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>July 1976 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>John "Eddy" McNichol </td> <td>July 1976 </td> <td>1977 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Frank Gallagher </td> <td>1977 </td> <td>1978 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>John O'Doherty </td> <td>1978 </td> <td>1980 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Unnamed associate of Seamus Costello </td> <td>1980 </td> <td>? </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Unnamed agreed chief of staff </td> <td>1982 </td> <td>June 1983 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominic_McGlinchey" title="Dominic McGlinchey">Dominic McGlinchey</a> </td> <td>June 1983 </td> <td>1984 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-irishtimes.com-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>"Jap" </td> <td>1984 </td> <td>1985 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>John O'Reilly </td> <td>1985 </td> <td>20 January 1987 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Torney_(Irish_republican)" title="Hugh Torney (Irish republican)">Hugh Torney</a> </td> <td>1987 <a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> </td> <td>1995 <a href="#cite_note-:0-115">[115]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gino_Gallagher" title="Gino Gallagher">Gino Gallagher</a> </td> <td>1995 <a href="#cite_note-:0-115">[115]</a> </td> <td>1996 <a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-irishtimes.com-113">[113]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finance">Finance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Finance">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_finances_in_the_Troubles" title="Paramilitary finances in the Troubles">Paramilitary finances in the Troubles</a></div> In 2002, the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Affairs_Select_Committee" title="Northern Ireland Affairs Select Committee">Northern Ireland Affairs Select Committee</a> estimated the INLA's annual running costs at £25-30,000 against an annual fundraising capability of £500,000.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arms_importation">Arms importation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Arms importation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_used_by_the_Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="List of weapons used by the Irish National Liberation Army">List of weapons used by the Irish National Liberation Army</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AK47.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/AK47.jpg/220px-AK47.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/AK47.jpg/330px-AK47.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/AK47.jpg/440px-AK47.jpg 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="195" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a></figcaption></figure> Obtaining arms was one of the greatest difficulties faced by the INLA in its early years. Their avowed Marxism made them beyond help from Catholic Irish-America, who had traditionally been a lifeline for funds and weapons for Irish republicans engaged in armed struggle against British rule in Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">[2]</a> Lack of weapons in the mid-Seventies led to numerous internal rows, and Costello himself was even threatened by INLA members for his failure to provide guns. At a time when the IRA seemed replete with <a href="/wiki/ArmaLite" title="ArmaLite">Armalites</a>, the INLA was mainly armed with shotguns, which the rank and file wryly took to calling "Costello-ites" after their leader. The INLA's main source of arms early on was from sympathizers in the Middle East, from where they imported a contingent of AK-pattern rifles in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">[2]</a> An arms smuggling network was later established where guns would be channelled from a Palestinian source based in <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> via West Germany (and later Switzerland) to a left-wing sympathiser in France and then to Ireland. The first shipment arrived in July 1979 consisting of six FN pistols, 35 automatic pistols, and 4 <a href="/wiki/Uzi" title="Uzi">Uzi</a> submachine guns. In later years Palestinian sources would provide the INLA with hundreds of Czechoslovak <a href="/wiki/Vz._50" title="Vz. 50">VZOR pistols</a> as well as Chinese-made <a href="/wiki/SKS" title="SKS">SKS</a> rifles, Rhodesian submachine-guns and Browning pistols. The INLA also acquired <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0korpion" title="Škorpion">Škorpion</a> machine pistols from <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a> free of charge. The INLA also acquired Soviet-made plastic explosives, which were used in the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Airey_Neave" title="Assassination of Airey Neave">assassination of Airey Neave</a>. Later smaller-scale arms smuggling was carried out through a new conduit linked to the French far-left terrorist group <a href="/wiki/Action_directe_(armed_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Action directe (armed group)">Action directe</a>. This new network was established by the INLA faction loyal to Gerard Steenson, the original Middle East arms route remained in the hands of the older Dublin-based leadership.<a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">[2]</a> In July 1983 INLA member <a href="/wiki/Colm_Murphy" title="Colm Murphy">Colm Murphy</a> was arrested in the US after attempting to buy a consignment of <a href="/wiki/M60_machine_gun" title="M60 machine gun">M60 machine guns</a> to be shipped to Ireland.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Testifying in court, informer Harry Kirkpatrick later recounted how the INLA faction in Belfast under the leadership of Gerard Steenson had during the 1981 Hunger Strike independently purchased arms in the United States, using money acquired from an armed robbery.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> By the mid-1980s, separate INLA factions were trying to acquire arms. The old arms links were re-activated by remnants of the original INLA organisation based in Dublin and Munster as part of an effort to either create a new republican socialist movement or reform the existing INLA. Between 1984 and late 1986 they held meetings with Fatah and other Arab sympathisers in Prague, East Berlin, Warsaw, and Tunisia. In 1984, a modest amount of arms started flowing into Ireland again, including, Škorpion machine pistols and VZOR pistols; grenades were smuggled as well, as were remotes for bomb detonators. The <a href="/wiki/1986_United_States_bombing_of_Libya" title="1986 United States bombing of Libya">1986 United States bombing of Libya</a> generated an anti-Western mood in the Arab world that led to a breakthrough for INLA arms procurement efforts. A large arms haul was secured through a <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organization" title="Palestine Liberation Organization">Palestine Liberation Organization</a> contact in Prague which included a hundred man-portable anti-tank weapons, forty AK-47 rifles, three 12.7mm heavy machine guns, and two 80mm mortars. However, four INLA members (amongst them Harry Flynn) were arrested in France as they prepared to receive the shipment. The judge at their trial was sympathetic and recognised they were acting on political motives. By 1988 though the weapons were still available for import neither the INLA nor the IPLO splinter group had the means to do so. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Submachine_gun_vz61.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Submachine_gun_vz61.jpg/220px-Submachine_gun_vz61.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Submachine_gun_vz61.jpg/330px-Submachine_gun_vz61.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Submachine_gun_vz61.jpg/440px-Submachine_gun_vz61.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="193" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0korpion" title="Škorpion">Škorpion vz. 61</a></figcaption></figure> Between 1977 and 1983 the INLA received weaponry from a sympathiser in Australia. The network had been activated by Seamus Costello and consisted of shipments of rifles of several types; <a href="/wiki/Ruger_Mini-14" title="Ruger Mini-14">Ruger Mini-14s</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Springfield_Armory_M1A" title="Springfield Armory M1A">Springfield Armory M1A</a>, M1 Garands, Egyptian <a href="/wiki/Mauser" title="Mauser">Mauser</a> rifles and SKS rifles. In late 1983, however, the Australian network was exposed after Gardaí found Seamus Ruddy in possession of a document that led to the discovery of the fourth (and last) Australian guns shipment which contained five <a href="/wiki/M14_rifle" title="M14 rifle">M14</a>-type rifles, one <a href="/wiki/M1_Garand" title="M1 Garand">M1 Garand</a>, three Mini-14's, an SKS, and over 1,700 rounds of ammunition.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> An Irish immigrant who had lived in Australia since 1968 and had become an Australian citizen in 1973 was arrested and convicted of arms running in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-Holland,_Jack_1994-51">[51]</a> In the summer of 1994 the INLA smuggled a quantity of explosives from <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, hidden in tea chests.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline_of_Irish_National_Liberation_Army_actions">Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_National_Liberation_Army_actions" title="Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions">Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths_as_a_result_of_activity">Deaths as a result of activity</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Deaths as a result of activity">edit</a>]</div> According to Malcolm Sutton's Index of Deaths from the Conflict in Ireland, part of the <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a> (CAIN), the INLA was responsible for at least 120 killings during the Troubles, between 1975 and 2001. This includes those claimed by the "People's Liberation Army" and "People's Republican Army".<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> According to the book Lost Lives (2006 edition), the INLA was responsible for 127 killings.<a href="#cite_note-lostlives-stats-123">[123]</a> Of those killed by the INLA:<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <ul><li>48 (~38%) were members or former members of the British security forces, including: <ul><li>26 <a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">British military</a> personnel and 2 former soldiers</li> <li>14 <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a> officers and 4 former officers</li> <li>2 <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Prison_Service" title="Northern Ireland Prison Service">Northern Ireland Prison Service</a> officers</li></ul></li> <li>44 (~36%) were civilians – including politicians, alleged informers and alleged criminals</li> <li>20 (~16%) were members or former members of republican paramilitary groups</li> <li>8 (~6%) were members or former members of loyalist paramilitary groups</li> <li>2 were members of the Irish security forces</li></ul> The CAIN database says there were 39 INLA members killed during the conflict,<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> while Lost Lives says there were 44 killed.<a href="#cite_note-lostlives-stats-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BBCOver-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBCOver_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCOver_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCOver_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/8301241.stm">"'Armed struggle is over' – INLA"</a>. BBC News. 11 October 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923134512/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/8301241.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%27Armed+struggle+is+over%27+%E2%80%93+INLA&rft.date=2009-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F8301241.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fortnight_Publications_1983-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fortnight_Publications_1983_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fortnight_Publications_1983_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fortnight_Publications_1983_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fortnight_Publications_1983_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fortnight_Publications_1983_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fortnight_Publications_1983_2-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fortnight_Publications_1983_2-6">g</a> <a href="/wiki/Fortnight_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortnight Magazine">Fortnight Magazine</a>, Issue 195, p. 7-8. Fortnight Publications, 1983. </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> Jack Holland & Henry McDonald, INLA – Deadly Divisions, 1994, p.203 </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/victims/memorials/static/photos/1476.html">INLA memorial (Carlton Court, Strabane)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121018145948/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/victims/memorials/static/photos/1476.html">Archived</a> 18 October 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearlstein2009" class="citation book cs1">Pearlstein, Richard M. (3 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xQzUAAAAQBAJ&q=3+November+1979%3A+The+British+consulate+in+Antwerp+is+bombed&pg=PT25">Fatal Future?: Transnational Terrorism and the New Global Disorder</a>. University of Texas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780292774179" title="Special:BookSources/9780292774179"><bdi>9780292774179</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511124527/https://books.google.com/books?id=xQzUAAAAQBAJ&q=3+November+1979:+The+British+consulate+in+Antwerp+is+bombed&pg=PT25">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2020 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fatal+Future%3F%3A+Transnational+Terrorism+and+the+New+Global+Disorder&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2009-06-03&rft.isbn=9780292774179&rft.aulast=Pearlstein&rft.aufirst=Richard+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxQzUAAAAQBAJ%26q%3D3%2BNovember%2B1979%253A%2BThe%2BBritish%2Bconsulate%2Bin%2BAntwerp%2Bis%2Bbombed%26pg%3DPT25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSutton" class="citation web cs1">Sutton, Malcolm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/cgi-bin/dyndeaths.pl?querytype=date&day=31&month=12&year=1975">"CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths"</a>. cain.ulst.ac.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180601153643/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/cgi-bin/dyndeaths.pl?querytype=date&day=31&month=12&year=1975">Archived</a> from the original on 1 June 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cain.ulst.ac.uk&rft.atitle=CAIN%3A+Sutton+Index+of+Deaths&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fdyndeaths.pl%3Fquerytype%3Ddate%26day%3D31%26month%3D12%26year%3D1975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch83.htm#201183">"CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1983"</a>. cain.ulst.ac.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110301160826/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch83.htm#201183">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cain.ulst.ac.uk&rft.atitle=CAIN%3A+Chronology+of+the+Conflict+1983&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fothelem%2Fchron%2Fch83.htm%23201183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fas.org/irp/world/para/inla.htm">"Irish National Liberation Army (INLA)"</a>. fas.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909001727/http://fas.org/irp/world/para/inla.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fas.org&rft.atitle=Irish+National+Liberation+Army+%28INLA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Firp%2Fworld%2Fpara%2Finla.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> Ruan O'Donnell – Special Category: The IRA in English Prisons: Vol. 2: 1978–1985 p. 83 </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/events/northern_ireland/latest_news/156435.stm">"UK and Ireland welcome INLA ceasefire"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021031173106/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/events/northern_ireland/latest_news/156435.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2002. Retrieved 30 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=UK+and+Ireland+welcome+INLA+ceasefire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fevents%2Fnorthern_ireland%2Flatest_news%2F156435.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/414555.stm">"INLA 'declares war is over'"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030228181627/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/414555.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2003. Retrieved 30 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=INLA+%27declares+war+is+over%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk%2F414555.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110630224345/http://www.irsp.ie/Background/history/whatis.html">"What is Irish Republican Socialism?"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irsp.ie/Background/history/whatis.html">the original</a> on 30 June 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+Irish+Republican+Socialism%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irsp.ie%2FBackground%2Fhistory%2Fwhatis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/11/schedule/2">"Schedule 2: Proscribed Organisations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_Act_2000" title="Terrorism Act 2000">Terrorism Act 2000</a>. UK Public General Acts. Vol. 2000 c. 11. 20 July 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130121085241/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/11/schedule/2">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Terrorism+Act+2000&rft.series=UK+Public+General+Acts&rft.date=2000-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fukpga%2F2000%2F11%2Fschedule%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.justice.ie/en/JELR/hederman%20report.pdf/Files/hederman%20report.pdf">"THE OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE ACTS, 1939–1998"</a> (PDF). 7 October 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080911062112/http://www.justice.ie/en/JELR/hederman%20report.pdf/Files/hederman%20report.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 11 September 2008. Retrieved 5 August 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=THE+OFFENCES+AGAINST+THE+STATE+ACTS%2C+1939%E2%80%931998&rft.date=2002-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.justice.ie%2Fen%2FJELR%2Fhederman%2520report.pdf%2FFiles%2Fhederman%2520report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> The Lost Revolution: The Story of the Official IRA and the Workers Party, Brian Hanley and Scott Millar, pp. 22–70, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84488-120-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-84488-120-2">1-84488-120-2</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> The Lost Revolution: The Story of the Official IRA and the Workers Party, Brian Hanley and Scott Millar, p. 33 </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Eamon Mallie, Patrick Bishop, Provisional IRA, p.144 </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc2973759-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc2973759_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc2973759_18-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/30/newsid_2973000/2973759.stm">"30 May 1972: Official IRA declares ceasefire"</a>. On this day. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a>. 30 May 1972. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080102225127/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/30/newsid_2973000/2973759.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=On+this+day&rft.atitle=30+May+1972%3A+Official+IRA+declares+ceasefire&rft.date=1972-05-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fmay%2F30%2Fnewsid_2973000%2F2973759.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoloney2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Moloney" title="Ed Moloney">Moloney, Ed</a> (2002). 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Oral Answers. – Shanwick Air Radio"</a>. Houses of the Oireachtas. 17 June 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150715230715/http://debates.oireachtas.ie/dail/1986/06/17/00011.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ceisteanna%E2%80%94Questions.+Oral+Answers.+%E2%80%93+Shanwick+Air+Radio.&rft.pub=Houses+of+the+Oireachtas&rft.date=1986-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdebates.oireachtas.ie%2Fdail%2F1986%2F06%2F17%2F00011.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuzhound.com/articles/irish_news/arts2002/dec4_dropping_well__Editorial.php">"Emotional reminder of Droppin' Well bombing"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126053951/http://www.nuzhound.com/articles/irish_news/arts2002/dec4_dropping_well__Editorial.php">Archived</a> 26 January 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/Irish_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish News">Irish News</a>. 5 December 2002. 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Retrieved 20 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Man+charged+over+1992+murder+of+soldier+in+Derby&rft.date=2010-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2F10465407&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130624223448/http://www.thisisderbyshire.co.uk/Justice-totally-wrong-free-killer-Declan-Duffy/story-18554412-detail/story.html%23axzz2VMJ4LCV6">Justice system 'totally wrong' to free killer Declan Duffy, says victim's ex-wife</a> by Aly Walsh, Derby Telegraph, 29 March 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch94.htm">"CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1994"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190102135434/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch94.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2019. 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Pages 10–11. </li> <li id="cite_note-BBConthisday-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBConthisday_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBConthisday_76-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/27/newsid_2546000/2546009.stm">"1997: Loyalist leader murdered in prison"</a>. BBC News. 27 December 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080307133101/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/27/newsid_2546000/2546009.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 5 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=1997%3A+Loyalist+leader+murdered+in+prison&rft.date=1997-12-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Fdecember%2F27%2Fnewsid_2546000%2F2546009.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/1997/12/29/ihead.htm">Provos in crisis talks to try to restrain hardliners</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081001230124/http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/1997/12/29/ihead.htm">Archived</a> 1 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Irish News, 29 December 1997 </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreen" class="citation news cs1">Breen, Suzanne. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/bomb-damage-in-village-put-at-2m-1.166950">"Bomb damage in village put at £2m"</a>. The Irish Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210717132839/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/bomb-damage-in-village-put-at-2m-1.166950">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Bomb+damage+in+village+put+at+%C2%A32m&rft.aulast=Breen&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fbomb-damage-in-village-put-at-2m-1.166950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelaugh" class="citation web cs1">Melaugh, Dr Martin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/politics/election/ra1998.htm">"CAIN: Issue: Politics: Elections: Assembly Election (NI) Thursday 25 June 1998"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070528212932/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/politics/election/ra1998.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2007. 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Maverick House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780954294595" title="Special:BookSources/9780954294595"><bdi>9780954294595</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923134512/https://books.google.com/books?id=VSLuPQAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021. 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Retrieved 28 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Omagh+Bomb+%E2%80%93+Main+Events&rft.pub=CAIN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fevents%2Fomagh%2Fevents.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/Northern_Ireland/Story/0,,200299,00.html">"Terrorists reach the crossroads"</a>. The Guardian. London. 17 October 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923134510/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/oct/17/northernireland.theobserver">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Terrorists+reach+the+crossroads&rft.date=1999-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2FNorthern_Ireland%2FStory%2F0%2C%2C200299%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071006181947/http://www.irsm.org/statements/inla/030822.html">"This site is temporarily unavailable"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irsm.org/statements/inla/030822.html">the original</a> on 6 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=This+site+is+temporarily+unavailable&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irsm.org%2Fstatements%2Finla%2F030822.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171651/http://irsm.org/statements/inla/040113.html">"Action Taken Against Ardoyne Thug Necessary – INLA"</a>. irsm.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://irsm.org/statements/inla/040113.html">the original</a> on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=irsm.org&rft.atitle=Action+Taken+Against+Ardoyne+Thug+Necessary+%E2%80%93+INLA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Firsm.org%2Fstatements%2Finla%2F040113.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/1999/1011/inla.html">"Gardaí warn that INLA feud could escalate"</a>. RTÉ.ie. 11 October 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024160916/http://www.rte.ie/news/1999/1011/inla.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89.ie&rft.atitle=Garda%C3%AD+warn+that+INLA+feud+could+escalate&rft.date=1999-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2F1999%2F1011%2Finla.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-feud-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-feud_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-feud_87-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/national-news/feud-death-adds-one-more-to-body-count-of-10year-bloodbath-1475227.html">"Feud death adds one more to body count of 10-year bloodbath"</a>. Independent.ie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023025332/http://www.independent.ie/national-news/feud-death-adds-one-more-to-body-count-of-10year-bloodbath-1475227.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent.ie&rft.atitle=Feud+death+adds+one+more+to+body+count+of+10-year+bloodbath&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Fnational-news%2Ffeud-death-adds-one-more-to-body-count-of-10year-bloodbath-1475227.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/national-news/the-inla-hasnt-gone-away-either-you-know-1047202.html">"The INLA hasn't gone away either, you know . . "</a>. Independent.ie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023025352/http://www.independent.ie/national-news/the-inla-hasnt-gone-away-either-you-know-1047202.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent.ie&rft.atitle=The+INLA+hasn%27t+gone+away+either%2C+you+know+.+.+.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Fnational-news%2Fthe-inla-hasnt-gone-away-either-you-know-1047202.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305153334/http://independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/imc%2012th%20report%20pdf.pdf">"PremiumSale.com Premium Domains"</a> (PDF). independentmonitoringcommission.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/IMC%2012th%20Report%20pdf.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 5 March 2016. 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Retrieved 10 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Police+attacked+during+INLA+march&rft.date=2007-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnewspaper%2Fbreaking%2F2007%2F1209%2Fbreaking46.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910135800/http://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/18.%20Eighteenth%20Report.pdf">"Eighteenth Report of the Independent Monitoring Commission"</a> (PDF). Independent Monitoring Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/18.%20Eighteenth%20Report.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 10 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent+Monitoring+Commission&rft.atitle=Eighteenth+Report+of+the+Independent+Monitoring+Commission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independentmonitoringcommission.org%2Fdocuments%2Fuploads%2F18.%2520Eighteenth%2520Report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080227081924/http://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/17th_IMC.pdf">"Eighteenth Report of the Independent Monitoring Commission"</a> (PDF). Independent Monitoring Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/17th_IMC.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 27 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent+Monitoring+Commission&rft.atitle=Eighteenth+Report+of+the+Independent+Monitoring+Commission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independentmonitoringcommission.org%2Fdocuments%2Fuploads%2F17th_IMC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081218015532/http://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/Twentieth%20Report.pdf">Twentieth Report of the Independent Monitoring Commission</a> Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed on 10 November 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribune.ie/news/home-news/article/2009/feb/15/inla-claims-responsibility-for-murder-of-derry-dru/">INLA claims responsibility for murder of Derry drug dealer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306133837/http://www.tribune.ie/news/home-news/article/2009/feb/15/inla-claims-responsibility-for-murder-of-derry-dru/">Archived</a> 6 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved: 26 May 2009 </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latestnews24.com/news.asp?ID=655">"INLA Stand Down Dublin Brigade"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishnews.com/articles/540/5860/2009/5/19/617902_381802880605FormerINL.html">the original</a> on 17 November 2015. 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Ireland"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 12 October 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-10/12/content_12213433.htm">the original</a> on 18 October 2009. Retrieved 12 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Irish+National+Liberation+Army+renounces+violence+in+N.+Ireland&rft.pub=Xinhua+News+Agency&rft.date=2009-10-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2009-10%2F12%2Fcontent_12213433.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Irish_paramilitary_group_renounces_armed_struggle-104"><a href="#cite_ref-Irish_paramilitary_group_renounces_armed_struggle_104-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/10/12/2711061.htm?section=world">"Irish paramilitary group renounces armed struggle"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News (Australia)</a>. 12 October 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923134522/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-10-12/irish-paramilitary-group-renounces-armed-struggle/1099824">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Irish+paramilitary+group+renounces+armed+struggle&rft.pub=ABC+News+%28Australia%29&rft.date=2009-10-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F2009%2F10%2F12%2F2711061.htm%3Fsection%3Dworld&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-INLA-105"><a href="#cite_ref-INLA_105-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_O'ReganGerry_Moriarty2009" class="citation news cs1">Michael O'Regan; Gerry Moriarty (12 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2009/1012/1224256436391.html">"INLA 'has ended armed struggle' says statement from organisation"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111101121901/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2009/1012/1224256436391.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2011. Retrieved 12 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=INLA+%27has+ended+armed+struggle%27+says+statement+from+organisation&rft.date=2009-10-12&rft.au=Michael+O%27Regan&rft.au=Gerry+Moriarty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnewspaper%2Fireland%2F2009%2F1012%2F1224256436391.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-INLA_ends_campaign_of_violence-106"><a href="#cite_ref-INLA_ends_campaign_of_violence_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/2009/1011/inla.html">"INLA ends campaign of violence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89" title="RTÉ">RTÉ</a>. 11 October 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091014070349/http://www.rte.ie/news/2009/1011/inla.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2009. Retrieved 11 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=INLA+ends+campaign+of+violence&rft.pub=RT%C3%89&rft.date=2009-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2F2009%2F1011%2Finla.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_to_disband_and_give_up_weapons-107"><a href="#cite_ref-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_to_disband_and_give_up_weapons_107-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_McDonald2009" class="citation news cs1">Henry McDonald (12 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2009/oct/11/northern-ireland-republican-group-disband">"Irish National Liberation Army to disband and give up weapons"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130908050121/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2009/oct/11/northern-ireland-republican-group-disband">Archived</a> from the original on 8 September 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Irish+National+Liberation+Army+to+disband+and+give+up+weapons&rft.date=2009-10-12&rft.au=Henry+McDonald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2009%2Foct%2F11%2Fnorthern-ireland-republican-group-disband&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_renounces_violence-108"><a href="#cite_ref-Irish_National_Liberation_Army_renounces_violence_108-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/irish-national-liberation-army-renounces-violence-1.854676">"Irish National Liberation Army renounces violence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a>. 11 October 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120201026/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/irish-national-liberation-army-renounces-violence-1.854676">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Irish+National+Liberation+Army+renounces+violence&rft.date=2009-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Firish-national-liberation-army-renounces-violence-1.854676&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Decommissioning-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Decommissioning_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Decommissioning_109-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincent_Kearney2010" class="citation news cs1">Vincent Kearney (6 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/8501929.stm">"Northern Ireland INLA paramilitaries dump terror cache"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181028023151/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/8501929.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Northern+Ireland+INLA+paramilitaries+dump+terror+cache&rft.date=2010-02-06&rft.au=Vincent+Kearney&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F8501929.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCdecom-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBCdecom_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBCdecom_110-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/8504932.stm">"PM praises Northern Ireland decommissioning moves"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 8 February 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923134505/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/8504932.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=PM+praises+Northern+Ireland+decommissioning+moves&rft.date=2010-02-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F8504932.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://irsp.ie/notes-on-ta-power-educational-piece/">"Notes on Ta Power – Educational Piece 2"</a>. 28 October 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190102052712/https://irsp.ie/notes-on-ta-power-educational-piece/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notes+on+Ta+Power+%E2%80%93+Educational+Piece+2&rft.date=2014-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firsp.ie%2Fnotes-on-ta-power-educational-piece%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dib.ie/">"Dictionary of Irish Biography | Dictionary of Irish Biography"</a>. www.dib.ie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210717132849/https://www.dib.ie/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dib.ie&rft.atitle=Dictionary+of+Irish+Biography+%26%23124%3B+Dictionary+of+Irish+Biography&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dib.ie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-irishtimes.com-113">^ <a href="#cite_ref-irishtimes.com_113-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-irishtimes.com_113-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/inla-halt-was-on-cards-for-months-1.185844">"INLA halt was on cards for months"</a>. The Irish Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210717132838/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/inla-halt-was-on-cards-for-months-1.185844">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=INLA+halt+was+on+cards+for+months&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Finla-halt-was-on-cards-for-months-1.185844&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/torney-s-death-ends-present-inla-feud-1.82792">"Torney's death ends present INLA feud"</a>. The Irish Times. Retrieved 15 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Torney%27s+death+ends+present+INLA+feud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Ftorney-s-death-ends-present-inla-feud-1.82792&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonaldHolland2010" class="citation book cs1">McDonald, Henry; Holland, Jack (2010). INLA: Deadly Divisions. 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Retrieved 15 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Gallagher+murder+%27an+unbelievably+clean+killing%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fgallagher-murder-an-unbelievably-clean-killing-1.27900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmniaf/978/97806.htm">Select Committee on Northern Ireland Affairs - Part One: The continuing threat from paramilitary organisations</a>. UK Parliament (Report). 26 June 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Select+Committee+on+Northern+Ireland+Affairs+-+Part+One%3A+The+continuing+threat+from+paramilitary+organisations&rft.date=2002-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm200102%2Fcmselect%2Fcmniaf%2F978%2F97806.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosie_Cowan2002" class="citation web cs1">Rosie Cowan (23 January 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/jan/23/northernireland.ireland1">"Hardliner who could not say no to the cause"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TheGuardian.com" class="mw-redirect" title="TheGuardian.com">TheGuardian.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190403093341/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/jan/23/northernireland.ireland1">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=Hardliner+who+could+not+say+no+to+the+cause&rft.date=2002-01-23&rft.au=Rosie+Cowan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2002%2Fjan%2F23%2Fnorthernireland.ireland1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> Belfast Telegraph, 29 April 1985. </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> Belfast Telegraph. 12 November 1983. </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> Belfast Telegraph, 24 April 1995. </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Organisation_Responsible.html">"Sutton Index of Deaths: Organisation responsible for the death"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a> (CAIN). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709035408/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Organisation_Responsible.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sutton+Index+of+Deaths%3A+Organisation+responsible+for+the+death&rft.pub=Conflict+Archive+on+the+Internet+%28CAIN%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fsutton%2Ftables%2FOrganisation_Responsible.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lostlives-stats-123">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lostlives-stats_123-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lostlives-stats_123-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/David_McKittrick" title="David McKittrick">David McKittrick</a> et al. Lost Lives: The Stories of the Men, Women and Children who Died as a Result of the Northern Ireland Troubles. Random House, 2006. pp. 1551–54 </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/crosstabs.html">"Sutton Index of Deaths: Crosstabulations (two-way tables)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a> (CAIN). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160324044004/http://www.cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/crosstabs.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sutton+Index+of+Deaths%3A+Crosstabulations+%28two-way+tables%29&rft.pub=Conflict+Archive+on+the+Internet+%28CAIN%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fsutton%2Fcrosstabs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> (choose "organization" and "status"/"status summary" as the variables) </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <a href="/wiki/David_McKittrick" title="David McKittrick">David McKittrick</a> et al. Lost Lives: The Stories of the Men, Women and Children who Died as a Result of the Northern Ireland Troubles. Random House, 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Status.html">"Sutton Index of Deaths: Status of the person killed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a> (CAIN). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514142516/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Status.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sutton+Index+of+Deaths%3A+Status+of+the+person+killed&rft.pub=Conflict+Archive+on+the+Internet+%28CAIN%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fsutton%2Ftables%2FStatus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIrish+National+Liberation+Army" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Jack Holland, Henry McDonald, INLA – Deadly Divisions'</li> <li>The Lost Revolution: The Story of the Official IRA and the Workers' Party, Brian Hanley and Scott Millar, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84488-120-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-84488-120-2">1-84488-120-2</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/crosstabs.html">CAIN project </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160324044004/http://www.cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/crosstabs.html">Archived</a> 24 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Coogan, Tim Pat, The IRA, Fontana Books, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-636943-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-636943-X">0-00-636943-X</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051029034614/http://irsm.org/irsp/starryplough/">The Starry Plough – IRSP newspaper</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irelandsown.net/sunlife.html">Interview with INLA in 2002</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160312205731/http://irsm.org/statements/inla.html">Archive of INLA statements</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Irish_National_Liberation_Army" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Irish National Liberation Army">Irish National Liberation Army</a>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="INLA_and_the_IRSP" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:INLA/IRSP" title="Template:INLA/IRSP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:INLA/IRSP" title="Template talk:INLA/IRSP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:INLA/IRSP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:INLA/IRSP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="INLA_and_the_IRSP" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">INLA</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">IRSP</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">Official Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">Official IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Movement" title="Irish Republican Socialist Movement">Irish Republican Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Starry_Plough_(magazine)" title="The Starry Plough (magazine)">The Starry Plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_protest" title="Blanket protest">Blanket protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirty_protest" title="Dirty protest">Dirty protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Maze" title="HM Prison Maze">HM Prison Maze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti_H-Block" title="Anti H-Block">Anti H-Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">1981 Irish hunger strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1997 Northern Ireland riots">July 1997 riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Northern Ireland peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army_Belfast_Brigade" title="Irish National Liberation Army Belfast Brigade">INLA Belfast Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_National_Liberation_Army_actions" title="Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions">Attacks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bar_bombing" title="Central Bar bombing">Central Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Airey_Neave" title="Assassination of Airey Neave">Assassination of Airey Neave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Divis_Flats_bombing" title="1982 Divis Flats bombing">1982 Divis Flats bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droppin_Well_bombing" title="Droppin Well bombing">Droppin Well bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkley_killings" title="Darkley killings">Darkley killings</a> (denied)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Shankill_Road_killings" title="1994 Shankill Road killings">1994 Shankill Road killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtownhamilton_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Newtownhamilton bombing">Newtownhamilton bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Brown_(Irish_republican)" title="Jimmy Brown (Irish republican)">Jimmy Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Bunting" title="Ronnie Bunting">Ronnie Bunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Campbell_(INLA_member)" title="Patrick Campbell (INLA member)">Patrick Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Costello" title="Seamus Costello">Seamus Costello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Daly" title="Miriam Daly">Miriam Daly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Devine_(hunger_striker)" title="Michael Devine (hunger striker)">Mickey Devine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Devlin_McAliskey" title="Bernadette Devlin McAliskey">Bernadette Devlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gino_Gallagher" title="Gino Gallagher">Gino Gallagher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Gilmour" title="Raymond Gilmour">Raymond Gilmour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gregory" title="Tony Gregory">Tony Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessie_Grew" title="Dessie Grew">Dessie Grew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Grew" title="Seamus Grew">Seamus Grew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_of_Vincennes" title="Irish of Vincennes">Stephen King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Kirkpatrick" title="Harry Kirkpatrick">Harry Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Lynch_(hunger_striker)" title="Kevin Lynch (hunger striker)">Kevin Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_McGlinchey" title="Dominic McGlinchey">Dominic McGlinchey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_%22Crip%22_McWilliams" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher "Crip" McWilliams">Christopher "Crip" McWilliams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colm_Murphy" title="Colm Murphy">Colm Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_O%27Hara" title="Patsy O'Hara">Patsy O'Hara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessie_O%27Hare" title="Dessie O'Hare">Dessie O'Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_%22Rook%22_O%27Prey" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin "Rook" O'Prey">Martin "Rook" O'Prey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_of_Vincennes" title="Irish of Vincennes">Michael Plunkett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_%22Ta%22_Power" title="Thomas "Ta" Power">Thomas "Ta" Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_of_Vincennes" title="Irish of Vincennes">Mary Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Steenson" title="Gerard Steenson">Gerard Steenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Torney_(Irish_republican)" title="Hugh Torney (Irish republican)">Hugh Torney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Ward" title="Sammy Ward">Sammy Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_White" title="Johnnie White">Johnnie White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Committees_of_North_America" title="Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America">Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Socialist_Party_(Ireland)" title="Independent Socialist Party (Ireland)">Independent Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_People%27s_Liberation_Organisation" title="Irish People's Liberation Organisation">Irish People's Liberation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Socialist_Collective" title="Republican Socialist Collective">Republican Socialist Collective</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prominent killings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billy_McMillen" title="Billy McMillen">Billy McMillen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Henry_Byrne_and_John_Morley" title="Murder of Henry Byrne and John Morley">Henry Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Henry_Byrne_and_John_Morley" title="Murder of Henry Byrne and John Morley">John Morley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McCullough_(loyalist)" title="William McCullough (loyalist)">William McCullough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McKeague" title="John McKeague">John McKeague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Joseph_Morrissey" title="Patrick Joseph Morrissey">Patrick Joseph Morrissey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevor_King" title="Trevor King">Trevor King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wright_(loyalist)" title="Billy Wright (loyalist)">Billy Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Official_IRA_and_the_Workers&#039;_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:OIRA/WP" title="Template:OIRA/WP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:OIRA/WP" title="Template talk:OIRA/WP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:OIRA/WP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:OIRA/WP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Official_IRA_and_the_Workers&#039;_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">Official IRA</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">Workers' Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army_(1922%E2%80%931969)" title="Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)">Anti-Treaty IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Troubles_and_peace_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Northern Ireland Troubles and peace process">Timeline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">Popular front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-stage_theory" title="Two-stage theory">Two-stage theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarianism" title="Sectarianism">Anti-sectarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Officials-Provisionals split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Derry" title="Free Derry">Free Derry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Irishman_(1948_newspaper)" title="United Irishman (1948 newspaper)">United Irishman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_People" title="The Irish People">The Irish People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_IRA_Belfast_Brigade" title="Official IRA Belfast Brigade">Official IRA Belfast Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Actions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Official_Irish_Republican_Army_actions" title="Timeline of Official Irish Republican Army actions">Timeline of Official Irish Republican Army actions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1969 Northern Ireland riots">1969 Northern Ireland riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falls_Curfew" title="Falls Curfew">Falls curfew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Aldershot_bombing" title="1972 Aldershot bombing">Aldershot bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Irish_Republican_Army" title="List of members of the Irish Republican Army">Personalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cathal_Goulding" title="Cathal Goulding">Cathal Goulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Garland" title="Seán Garland">Seán Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Johnston" title="Roy Johnston">Roy Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Desmond_Greaves" title="C. Desmond Greaves">C. Desmond Greaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_McCann" title="Joe McCann">Joe McCann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Bunting" title="Ronnie Bunting">Ronnie Bunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_%22Ta%22_Power" title="Thomas "Ta" Power">Thomas "Ta" Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_O%27Hagan" title="Des O'Hagan">Des O'Hagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Martin_(Irish_republican)" title="Leo Martin (Irish republican)">Leo Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachy_McGurran" title="Malachy McGurran">Malachy McGurran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_McMillen" title="Billy McMillen">Billy McMillen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Sullivan_(Irish_republican)" title="Jim Sullivan (Irish republican)">Jim Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Littlejohn" title="Kenneth Littlejohn">Kenneth Littlejohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Costello" title="Seamus Costello">Seamus Costello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eoin_%C3%93_Murch%C3%BA" title="Eoin Ó Murchú">Eoin Ó Murchú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Mac_Giolla" title="Tomás Mac Giolla">Tomás Mac Giolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Hughes" title="Francis Hughes">Francis Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_O%27Callaghan" title="Paddy O'Callaghan">Paddy O'Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Devine_(hunger_striker)" title="Michael Devine (hunger striker)">Mickey Devine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gaughan_(Irish_republican)" title="Michael Gaughan (Irish republican)">Michael Gaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_McDonald_(writer)" title="Henry McDonald (writer)">Henry McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_White" title="Johnnie White">Johnnie White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Cionnaith" title="Seán Ó Cionnaith">Seán Ó Cionnaith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ir%C3%ADn_de_Burca" title="Máirín de Burca">Máirín de Burca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Torney_(Irish_republican)" title="Hugh Torney (Irish republican)">Hugh Torney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Behan" title="Dominic Behan">Dominic Behan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Hagan" title="Martin O'Hagan">Martin O'Hagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eoghan_Harris" title="Eoghan Harris">Eoghan Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eamonn_Melaugh" title="Eamonn Melaugh">Eamonn Melaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proinsias_De_Rossa" title="Proinsias De Rossa">Proinsias De Rossa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Byrne" title="Eric Byrne">Eric Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_McCartan" title="Pat McCartan">Pat McCartan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Sherlock" title="Joe Sherlock">Joe Sherlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_McManus" title="Liz McManus">Liz McManus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Rabbitte" title="Pat Rabbitte">Pat Rabbitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Lynch" title="Seamus Lynch">Seamus Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Enright_(politician)" title="Michael Enright (politician)">Michael Enright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eamon_Gilmore" title="Eamon Gilmore">Eamon Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Murphy_(politician)" title="Catherine Murphy (politician)">Catherine Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Donnelly" title="Marian Donnelly">Marian Donnelly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francie_Donnelly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francie Donnelly (page does not exist)">Francie Donnelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_French_(politician)" title="Tom French (politician)">Tom French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Gallagher_(politician)" title="Patrick Gallagher (politician)">Patrick Gallagher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Halligan_(politician)" title="John Halligan (politician)">John Halligan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Kavanagh" title="Linda Kavanagh">Linda Kavanagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Lynch_(politician)" title="Kathleen Lynch (politician)">Kathleen Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Geraghty" title="Des Geraghty">Des Geraghty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Finnegan" title="Mick Finnegan">Mick Finnegan</a></li> <li>Ted Tynan</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Donnelly_(educator)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Donnelly (educator) (page does not exist)">Michael Donnelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lowry_(Irish_politician)" title="John Lowry (Irish politician)">John Lowry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerry_Grainger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerry Grainger (page does not exist)">Gerry Grainger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Civil_Rights_Association" title="Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association">Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connolly_Association" title="Connolly Association">Connolly Association</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist Party of Great Britain</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Train_Organisation" title="Peace Train Organisation">Peace Train Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Meeting_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties">IMCWP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties">INITIATIVE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clann_na_h%C3%89ireann" title="Clann na hÉireann">Clann na hÉireann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Irish National Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">Irish Republican Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_(Ireland)" title="Democratic Left (Ireland)">Democratic Left</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Official_Republican_Movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Official Republican Movement (page does not exist)">Official Republican Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prominent killings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_Costello" title="Seamus Costello">Seamus Costello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barnhill_(politician)" title="John Barnhill (politician)">John Barnhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Weston" title="Gerard Weston">Gerard Weston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Troubles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Troubles" title="Template:The Troubles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Troubles" title="Template talk:The Troubles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Troubles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Troubles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Troubles" class="hlist wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">Participants</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">State security forces</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">United Kingdom</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Regiment" title="Ulster Defence Regiment">Ulster Defence Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_Research_Unit" title="Force Research Unit">Force Research Unit</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ulster_Special_Constabulary" title="Ulster Special Constabulary">Ulster Special Constabulary</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">Ireland</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Forces_(Ireland)" title="Defence Forces (Ireland)">Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Garda Síochána</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;"><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism#Republicanism_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republican paramilitaries</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">Official IRA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">INLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_People%27s_Liberation_Organisation" title="Irish People's Liberation Organisation">Irish People's Liberation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Continuity Irish Republican Army">Continuity IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Real Irish Republican Army">Real IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Armagh_Republican_Action_Force" title="South Armagh Republican Action Force">Republican Action Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saor_%C3%89ire_(1967%E2%80%9375)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saor Éire (1967–75)">Saor Éire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessie_O%27Hare#Kidnapping_and_second_imprisonment" title="Dessie O'Hare">Irish Revolutionary Brigade</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">Vigilantes</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Against_Drugs" title="Direct Action Against Drugs">Direct Action Against Drugs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism#Paramilitary_and_vigilante_groups" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalist paramilitaries</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Volunteer_Force" title="Ulster Volunteer Force">Ulster Volunteer Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Association" title="Ulster Defence Association">Ulster Defence Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hand_Commando" title="Red Hand Commando">Red Hand Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Resistance" title="Ulster Resistance">Ulster Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_Volunteer_Force" title="Loyalist Volunteer Force">Loyalist Volunteer Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant_Volunteers" title="Ulster Protestant Volunteers">Ulster Protestant Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Force_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Third Force (Northern Ireland)">Ulster Third Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Volunteer_Service_Corps" title="Ulster Volunteer Service Corps">Ulster Volunteer Service Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_Orange_Welfare" title="Down Orange Welfare">Down Orange Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Action_Force" title="Protestant Action Force">Protestant Action Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodvale_Defence_Association" title="Woodvale Defence Association">Woodvale Defence Association</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">Vigilantes</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant_Action" title="Ulster Protestant Action">Ulster Protestant Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Service_Corps" title="Ulster Service Corps">Ulster Service Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Volunteers_(1972)" title="Orange Volunteers (1972)">Orange Volunteers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Troubles" title="Timeline of the Troubles">Major events</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1967–1972</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_civil_rights_movement" title="Northern Ireland civil rights movement">Northern Ireland civil rights movement</a></li> <li>1969</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1969 Northern Ireland riots">NI riots</a></li> <li>1970</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falls_Curfew" title="Falls Curfew">Falls Curfew</a></li> <li>1971</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Demetrius" title="Operation Demetrius">Operation Demetrius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballymurphy_massacre" title="Ballymurphy massacre">Ballymurphy massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGurk%27s_Bar_bombing" title="McGurk's Bar bombing">McGurk's Bar bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Balmoral_Furniture_Company_bombing" title="1971 Balmoral Furniture Company bombing">Balmoral showroom bombing</a></li> <li>1972</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Sunday_(1972)" title="Bloody Sunday (1972)">Bloody Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abercorn_Restaurant_bombing" title="Abercorn Restaurant bombing">Abercorn Restaurant bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donegall_Street_bombing" title="Donegall Street bombing">Donegall Street bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_rule_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Direct rule (Northern Ireland)">Beginning of direct rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Friday_(1972)" title="Bloody Friday (1972)">Bloody Friday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Motorman" title="Operation Motorman">Operation Motorman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Old_Bailey_bombing" title="1973 Old Bailey bombing">Old Bailey bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunningdale_Agreement" title="Sunningdale Agreement">Sunningdale Agreement</a></li> <li>1974</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M62_coach_bombing" title="M62 coach bombing">M62 coach bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Workers%27_Council_strike" title="Ulster Workers' Council strike">Ulster Workers' Council strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin_and_Monaghan_bombings" title="Dublin and Monaghan bombings">Dublin & Monaghan bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guildford_pub_bombings" title="Guildford pub bombings">Guildford pub bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_pub_bombings" title="Birmingham pub bombings">Birmingham pub bombings</a></li> <li>1975</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Showband_killings" title="Miami Showband killings">Miami Showband killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayardo_Bar_attack" title="Bayardo Bar attack">Bayardo Bar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullyvallen_massacre" title="Tullyvallen massacre">Tullyvallen massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balcombe_Street_siege" title="Balcombe Street siege">Balcombe Street siege</a></li> <li>1976</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reavey_and_O%27Dowd_killings" title="Reavey and O'Dowd killings">Reavey and O'Dowd killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsmill_massacre" title="Kingsmill massacre">Kingsmill massacre</a></li> <li>1978</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mon_restaurant_bombing" title="La Mon restaurant bombing">La Mon restaurant bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_British_Army_Gazelle_downing" title="1978 British Army Gazelle downing">Jonesborough Gazelle downing</a></li> <li>1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrenpoint_ambush" title="Warrenpoint ambush">Warrenpoint ambush</a></li> <li>1981</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">Republican hunger strike</a></li> <li>1982</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droppin_Well_bombing" title="Droppin Well bombing">Droppin Well bombing</a></li> <li>1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maze_Prison_escape" title="Maze Prison escape">Maze Prison escape</a></li> <li>1984</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_hotel_bombing" title="Brighton hotel bombing">Brighton hotel bombing</a></li> <li>1985</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Newry_mortar_attack" title="1985 Newry mortar attack">Newry mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Agreement" title="Anglo-Irish Agreement">Anglo-Irish Agreement</a></li> <li>1987</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughgall_ambush" title="Loughgall ambush">Loughgall ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remembrance_Day_bombing" title="Remembrance Day bombing">Remembrance Day bombing</a></li> <li>1988</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Start of peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flavius" title="Operation Flavius">Operation Flavius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milltown_Cemetery_attack" title="Milltown Cemetery attack">Milltown Cemetery attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporals_killings" title="Corporals killings">Corporals killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_IRA_attacks_in_the_Netherlands" title="1988 IRA attacks in the Netherlands">IRA attacks in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_British_Army_Lynx_shootdown" title="1988 British Army Lynx shootdown">Aughanduff Lynx shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballygawley_bus_bombing" title="Ballygawley bus bombing">Ballygawley bus bombing</a></li> <li>1989</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deal_barracks_bombing" title="Deal barracks bombing">Deal barracks bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Derryard_checkpoint" title="Attack on Derryard checkpoint">Attack on Derryard checkpoint</a></li> <li>1990–1997</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Armagh_Sniper_(1990%E2%80%931997)" title="South Armagh Sniper (1990–1997)">South Armagh sniper campaign</a></li> <li>1990</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_British_Army_Gazelle_shootdown" title="1990 British Army Gazelle shootdown">Augher Lynx shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxy_bomb#October_1990_proxy_bombings" title="Proxy bomb">Proxy bombings</a></li> <li>1991</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downing_Street_mortar_attack" title="Downing Street mortar attack">Downing Street mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Cappagh_killings" title="1991 Cappagh killings">Cappagh killings</a></li> <li>1992</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teebane_bombing" title="Teebane bombing">Teebane bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Falls_Road_Office_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Falls Road Office shooting"> Sinn Féin Headquarters shooting</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Graham_bookmakers%27_shooting" title="Sean Graham bookmakers' shooting">Sean Graham bookmakers' shooting</a></li> <li>1993</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrington_bombings" title="Warrington bombings">Warrington bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Bishopsgate_bombing" title="1993 Bishopsgate bombing">Bishopsgate bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankill_Road_bombing" title="Shankill Road bombing">Shankill Road bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greysteel_massacre" title="Greysteel massacre">Greysteel massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downing_Street_Declaration" title="Downing Street Declaration">Downing Street Declaration</a></li> <li>1994</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_British_Army_Lynx_shootdown" title="1994 British Army Lynx shootdown">Crossmaglen Lynx downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughinisland_massacre" title="Loughinisland massacre">Loughinisland massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles#First_ceasefire" title="The Troubles">Ceasefires of the Provisional IRA, UVF, UDA and RHC</a></li> <li>1996</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Docklands_bombing" title="1996 Docklands bombing">Docklands bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Manchester_bombing" title="1996 Manchester bombing">Manchester bombing</a></li> <li>1997</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="1997 Northern Ireland riots">NI riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles#Second_ceasefire" title="The Troubles">Second IRA ceasefire</a></li> <li>1998</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omagh_bombing" title="Omagh bombing">Omagh bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">Political parties</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;"><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism#Political_parties" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republican parties</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">Official Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Republican Sinn Féin">Republican Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">Irish Republican Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ireland" title="Communist Party of Ireland">Communist Party of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Independence_Party" title="Irish Independence Party">Irish Independence Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Socialist_Collective" title="Republican Socialist Collective">Republican Socialist Collective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Unity (Northern Ireland)">Unity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism#Political_parties" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalist parties</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Unionist_Party" title="Progressive Unionist Party">Progressive Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Unionist_Progressive_Party" title="Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party">Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Unionist_Party" title="UK Unionist Party">UK Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Democratic_Party" title="Ulster Democratic Party">Ulster Democratic Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="float:left;">Other parties</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Segregation_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Segregation in Northern Ireland">Segregation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Peace_lines" title="Peace lines">peace lines</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Irish republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">United Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Derry" title="Free Derry">Free Derry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Troubles_films" title="List of The Troubles films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_flags_issue" title="Northern Ireland flags issue">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murals_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Murals in Northern Ireland">Murals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parades_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Parades in Northern Ireland">Parades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_punishment_attacks_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Paramilitary punishment attacks in Northern Ireland">Punishment attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_finances_in_the_Troubles" title="Paramilitary finances in the Troubles">Finances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Category_Status" title="Special Category Status">Special Category Status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot-to-kill_policy_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Shoot-to-kill policy in Northern Ireland">Shoot-to-kill policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Maze" title="HM Prison Maze">HM Prison Maze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_techniques" title="Five techniques">Five techniques</a></li></ul> <hr /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:The_Troubles_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Category:The Troubles (Northern Ireland)">Category</a> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Armed_Republican_groups_in_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IRAs" title="Template:IRAs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IRAs" title="Template talk:IRAs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IRAs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IRAs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Armed_Republican_groups_in_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Armed <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Republican</a> groups in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;width:33%;"><div> Earlier organisations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_United_Irishmen" title="Society of United Irishmen">Society of United Irishmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Ireland" title="Young Ireland">Young Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Brotherhood" title="Irish Republican Brotherhood">Irish Republican Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Brotherhood" title="Fenian Brotherhood">Fenian Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clan_na_Gael" title="Clan na Gael">Clan na Gael</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fianna_%C3%89ireann" title="Fianna Éireann">Fianna Éireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Citizen_Army" title="Irish Citizen Army">Irish Citizen Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Volunteers" title="Irish Volunteers">Irish Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumann_na_mBan" title="Cumann na mBan">Cumann na mBan</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence" title="Irish War of Independence">Irish War of Independence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Irish Republican Army (1919–1922)">Irish Republican Army</a> (Army of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republic" title="Irish Republic">Irish Republic</a>)</li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Irish_Civil_War" title="Irish Civil War">Irish Civil War</a> <ul><li>Anti-treaty <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army_(1922%E2%80%931969)" title="Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)">Irish Republican Army</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Revolutionary_Forces" title="Irish Revolutionary Forces">Irish Revolutionary Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saor_%C3%89ire_(1967%E2%80%931975)" title="Saor Éire (1967–1975)">Saor Éire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">Official IRA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Irish National Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Armagh_Republican_Action_Force" title="South Armagh Republican Action Force">South Armagh Republican Action Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_People%27s_Liberation_Organisation" title="Irish People's Liberation Organisation">Irish People's Liberation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Continuity Irish Republican Army">Continuity IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessie_O%27Hare#Kidnapping_and_second_imprisonment" title="Dessie O'Hare">Irish Revolutionary Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;width:33%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Dissident_Irish_republican_campaign" title="Dissident Irish republican campaign">Dissident Campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Real Irish Republican Army">Real IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_Irish_Republican_Army#Internal_tension_and_splits" title="Continuity Irish Republican Army">Óglaigh na hÉireann (Continuity IRA splinter group)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Liberation_Army" title="Irish Republican Liberation Army">Irish Republican Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93glaigh_na_h%C3%89ireann_(Real_IRA_splinter_group)" title="Óglaigh na hÉireann (Real IRA splinter group)">Óglaigh na hÉireann (Real IRA splinter group)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Irish_Republican_Army" title="New Irish Republican Army">New IRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arm_na_Poblachta" title="Arm na Poblachta">Arm na Poblachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Republican Movement">Irish Republican Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146230#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146230#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146230#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/151378723">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4265973-5">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88165021">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007604991805171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&oldid=1260197687">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irish_National_Liberation_Army&oldid=1260197687</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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