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<main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Haplogroup K (mtDNA)</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a></li> <li class="minerva__tab "><a class="minerva__tab-text" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Talk:Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a></li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" 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href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> This article is about the human mtDNA haplogroup. For the human Y-DNA haplogroup, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K-M9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup K-M9">Haplogroup K-M9</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style> Haplogroup K, formerly Haplogroup UK, is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup">human mitochondrial DNA</a> (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is defined by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hypervariable_region?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Mitochondrial" title="Hypervariable region">HVR1</a> mutations 16224C and 16311C. It is now known that K is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Subclade?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Subclade">subclade</a> of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_U_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Haplogroup_U8" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup U (mtDNA)">U8</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <table class="infobox"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Haplogroup K</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Possible time of origin</th> <td class="infobox-data">26,700 ± 4,300 years ago<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Possible place of origin</th> <td class="infobox-data">Possibly <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Asia">West Asia</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ancestor</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_U8_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup U8 (mtDNA)">U8b'K</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Descendants</th> <td class="infobox-data">K1, K2</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defining mutations</th> <td class="infobox-data">3480 10550 11299 14798 16224 16311<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-vanOven-2">[2]</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Origin">1 Origin</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Distribution">2 Distribution</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ancient_DNA">3 Ancient DNA</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Subclades">4 Subclades</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tree">4.1 Tree</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Genetic_traits">5 Genetic traits</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#In_popular_culture">6 In popular culture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also">7 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References">8 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links">9 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Origin" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> Haplogroup K is believed to have originated in the mid-<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Upper_Paleolithic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Upper Paleolithic">Upper Paleolithic</a>, between about 30,000 and 22,000 years ago. It is the most common subclade of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_U_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Haplogroup_U8" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup U (mtDNA)">haplogroup U8b</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4">[4]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Distribution" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png/220px-Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="645" data-file-height="472"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 161px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png/220px-Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png" data-width="220" data-height="161" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png/330px-Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png/440px-Frequency_distribution_maps_for_mtDNA_haplogroups_K.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Projected spatial frequency distribution for haplogroup K. </figcaption> </figure> Haplogroup K appears in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central_Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Southern_Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Southern Europe">Southern Europe</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northern_Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Northern Europe">Northern Europe</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/North_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="North Africa">North Africa</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Horn_of_Africa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/South_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/West_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="West Asia">West Asia</a> and in populations with such an ancestry. Overall the mtDNA haplogroup K is found in about 6% of the population of Europe and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Near_East?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Near East">Near East</a>, but it is more common in certain populations. In Europe, K appears to be most common in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morbihan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morbihan">Morbihan</a> (17.5%) and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9rigord?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Périgord">Périgord</a>-<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limousin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limousin">Limousin</a> (15.3%) regions of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>, and in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Norway?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Norway">Norway</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bulgaria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (13.3%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The level is 12.5% in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belgium?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, 11% in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georgia_(country)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> and 10% in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austria">Austria</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Great_Britain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lucia_Simoni_2000_pp._262-6">[6]</a> Some specific subclades of K among Europeans are K1a1b2b in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finland">Finland</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7">[7]</a> K1a3a1 in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sardinia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8">[8]</a> K1a19 in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hungary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9">[9]</a> K1b1b1a in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Greeks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10">[10]</a> K1b1c in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Serbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slovakia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12">[12]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poland">Poland</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13">[13]</a> K1c2 in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irish_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irish people">Irish</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14">[14]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germans">Germans</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15">[15]</a> and in Hungary,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16">[16]</a> and K2a9a in Sardinia.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17">[17]</a> A 2013 study had suggested that K1a1b1a, K1a9, and K2a2a1 could have originated from Western Europe.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Approximately 16% of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Druze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Druze">Druze</a> of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lebanon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Israel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Israel">Israel</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jordan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, belong to haplogroup K.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nature.com-19">[19]</a> Examples of Druze branches of K are K1a5a<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20">[20]</a> and K1a17a.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21">[21]</a> It is also found among 8% of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palestinians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palestinians">Palestinians</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> Additionally, K reaches a level of 17% in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kurdistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Lucia_Simoni_2000_pp._262-6">[6]</a> Approximately 32% of people with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jewish?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazi Jewish">Ashkenazi Jewish</a> ancestry are in haplogroup K, with about 21% in K1a1b1a alone. This high percentage points to a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Population_bottleneck?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Population bottleneck">genetic bottleneck</a> occurring around the years 800-1000<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23">[23]</a> under which K1a1b1a was particularly affected since K1a1b1a carriers' proportions of founder alleles and pathogenic variants were higher than in carriers of other haplogroups, and the K1a1b1a carriers had longer total lengths for runs of homozygosity compared to carriers of other haplogroups.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Ashkenazi mtDNA K clusters into six subclades: K1a1b1*, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K1a1b1a_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup K1a1b1a (mtDNA)">K1a1b1a</a>, K1a4a, K1a9, K2a*, and K2a2a1.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Haplogroup K is also found among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gurage_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gurage people">Gurage</a> (10%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syrian_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian people">Syrians</a> (9.1%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Afar_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Afar people">Afar</a> (6.3%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zenata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zenata">Zenata</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berbers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berbers">Berbers</a> (4.11%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Bekada2015-26">[26]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reguibat_tribe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reguibat tribe">Reguibate</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sahrawi_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahrawi people">Sahrawi</a> (3.70%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Bekada2015-26">[26]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oromo_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oromo people">Oromo</a> (3.3%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iraqis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iraqis">Iraqis</a> (2.4%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saudis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saudis">Saudis</a> (0%-10.5%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yemen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yemen">Yemenis</a> (0%-9.8%),<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Non-22">[22]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Algeria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Algeria">Algerians</a> (0%-4.3%).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Bekada2015-26">[26]</a> Derenko et al. (2007) found haplogroup K in many samples of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iranian_languages?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iranian languages">Iranic</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Turkic_languages?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Turkic languages">Turkic</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mongolic_languages?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mongolic languages">Mongolic</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tungusic_languages?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tungusic languages">Tungusic</a> peoples of central Eurasia, including 6.8% (3/44) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tajiks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tajiks">Tajiks</a>, 6.7% (6/90) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altai_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altai people">Altai Kizhi</a>, 3.7% (3/82) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persians?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Persians">Persians</a>, 2.7% (2/73) of a sample of West <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evenks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenks">Evenks</a> from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Krasnoyarsk_Krai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Krasnoyarsk Krai">the Krasnoyarsk region</a>, 2.7% (3/110) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kalmyks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kalmyks">Kalmyks</a>, 2.1% (1/47) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mongolia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mongolia">Mongolians</a>, 2.0% (2/99) of a sample of Khamnigans, 1.9% (1/53) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teleuts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teleuts">Teleuts</a>, 1.4% (4/295) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buryats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buryats">Buryats</a>, and 1.2% (1/82) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shors?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shors">Shors</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Derenko2007-27">[27]</a> Min-Sheng Peng et al. found haplogroup K1 in 10.3% (7/68) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kyrgyz_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kyrgyz people">Kyrgyz</a> from Taxkorgan, 7.6% (5/66) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wakhi_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wakhi people">Wakhi</a> from Taxkorgan, 5.8% (5/86) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sarikoli_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sarikoli language">Sarikoli</a> from Taxkorgan, 3.7% (1/27) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uyghurs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uyghurs">Uyghur</a> from Artux, and 2.0% (1/50) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pamiri_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pamiri people">Pamiri</a> from Gorno-Badakhshan. In eastern <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="China">China</a>, mtDNA haplogroup K has been found in 1.3% (1/149 K1a13, 1/149 K2a5) of a sample of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barga_Mongols?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barga Mongols">Barga Mongols</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hulunbuir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hulunbuir">Hulunbuir</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Derenko2012-28">[28]</a> and in 0.9% of a sample of Beijing Han.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pmid28178941-29">[29]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Ancient_DNA">Ancient DNA</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Ancient DNA" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> The more ancient evidence of Haplogroup K has been found in the remains of three individuals from Upper Palaeolithic Magdalenian of Spain 11,950 years ago<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30">[30]</a>[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:UGC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:UGC">user-generated source</a>] and in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic B">Pre-Pottery Neolithic B</a> site of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tell_Ramad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tell Ramad">Tell Ramad</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syria">Syria</a>, dating from c. 6000 BC.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31">[31]</a> The clade was also discovered in skeletons of early farmers in Central Europe dated to around 5500–5300 BC, at percentages that were nearly double the percentage present in modern Europe. Some techniques of farming, together with associated plant and animal breeds, spread into Europe from the Near East. The evidence from ancient DNA suggests that the Neolithic culture spread by human migration.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Analysis of the mtDNA of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%96tzi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ötzi">Ötzi</a>, the frozen mummy from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/34th_century_BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="34th century BC">3300 BC</a> found on the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Italy_border?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austria–Italy border">Austria–Italy border</a>, has shown that Ötzi belongs to the K1 subclade. It cannot be categorized into any of the three modern branches of that subclade (K1a, K1b or K1c). The new subclade has provisionally been named K1ö for Ötzi.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Multiplex assay study was able to confirm that the Iceman's mtDNA belongs to a new European mtDNA clade with a very limited distribution amongst modern data sets.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36">[36]</a> A woman buried some time between 2650 and 2450 BC in a presumed <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amorites?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amorites">Amorite</a> tomb at Terqa (Tell Ashara), Middle Euphrates Valley, Syria carried Haplogroup K.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37">[37]</a> A lock of hair kept at a reliquary at Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte Baume basilica, France, which local tradition holds belonged to the biblical figure <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mary_Magdalene?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a>, was also assigned to haplogroup K. Ancient DNA sequencing of a capillary bulb bore the K1a1b1a subclade and according to the highly controversial researcher <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rard_Lucotte&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gérard Lucotte (page does not exist)">Gérard Lucotte</a> [<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C3%25A9rard_Lucotte" class="extiw" title="fr:Gérard Lucotte">fr</a>], who claims to have discovered the DNA of Jesus Christ,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38">[38]</a> it would indicate that she would have been of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pharisees?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pharisees">Pharisian</a> maternal origin.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Haplogroup K1 has likewise been observed among specimens at the mainland cemetery in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kulubnarti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kulubnarti">Kulubnarti</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sudan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, which date from the Early Christian period (AD 550-800).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40">[40]</a> In 2016, researchers extracted the DNA from the tibia of two individuals separately dated to 7288–6771 BCE and 7605–7529 BCE buried in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Theopetra_cave?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Theopetra cave">Theopetra cave</a>, Greece, the oldest known human-made structure, and both individuals were found to belong to mtDNA Haplogroup K1c.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Hofmanov%C3%A1Kreutzer2016-41">[41]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yuya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yuya">Yuya</a>, a powerful ancient Egyptian courtier during the 18th Dynasty of Egypt (circa 1390 BC) and his wife <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thuya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thuya">Thuya</a>, an Egyptian noblewoman associated with the royal family, both belonged to the maternal haplogroup K, as did their descendants: <ul> <li>Queen <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiye?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiye">Tiye</a></li> <li>Pharaoh <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akhenaten?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Younger_Lady?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Younger Lady">The Younger Lady</a> (KV35YL)</li> <li>Pharoah <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tutankhamun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li> </ul> The remains of 3 Haplogroup K carriers were among <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ancient_Egypt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egyptian</a> mummies excavated at the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abusir_el-Meleq?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abusir el-Meleq">Abusir el-Meleq</a> archaeological site in Middle Egypt as follows beginning with their sample number, followed by clade and date: <ul> <li>JK2139 K1a AD 54-124</li> <li>JK2150 K1a4 BC 650-551</li> <li>JK2895 K 16T AD AD 25-111<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43">[43]</a></li> </ul> Fossils excavated at the Late Neolithic site of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kelif_el_Boroud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelif el Boroud">Kelif el Boroud</a> in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morocco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, which have been dated to around 3,000 BCE, have likewise been observed to carry the K1 subclade.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44">[44]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Subclades">Subclades</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Subclades" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tree">Tree</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Tree" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup K subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-vanOven-2">[2]</a> and subsequent published research. <table class="talk collapsed collapsible"> <tbody> <tr> <th>mtDNA HG "K" p-tree</th> </tr> <tr style="text-align: left;"> <th> <ul> <li>U8b'K <ul> <li>U8b</li> <li>K <ul> <li>K1 <ul> <li>K1a <ul> <li>K1a1 <ul> <li>K1a1a <ul> <li>K1a1a1</li> </ul></li> <li>K1a1b <ul> <li>K1a1b1 <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K1a1b1a_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup K1a1b1a (mtDNA)">K1a1b1a</a></li> <li>K1a1b1b</li> </ul></li> <li>K1a1b2 <ul> <li>K1a1b2a</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K1a2 <ul> <li>K1a2a <ul> <li>K1a2a1</li> <li>K1a2a2</li> </ul></li> <li>K1a2b</li> <li>K1a2c</li> </ul></li> <li>K1a3 <ul> <li>K1a3a <ul> <li>K1a3a1 <ul> <li>K1a3a1a</li> <li>K1a3a1b</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K1a4 <ul> <li>K1a4a <ul> <li>K1a4a1 <ul> <li>K1a4a1a</li> <li>K1a4a1b</li> <li>K1a4a1c</li> <li>K1a4a1d</li> <li>K1a4a1e</li> <li>K1a4a1f</li> <li>K1a4a1g</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K1a4b <ul> <li>K1a4b1</li> </ul></li> <li>K1a4c</li> <li>K1a4d</li> </ul></li> <li>K1a5</li> <li>K1a6</li> <li>K1a7'8 <ul> <li>K1a7</li> <li>K1a8 <ul> <li>K1a8a</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K1a9</li> <li>K1a10</li> <li>K1a11</li> <li>K1a12 <ul> <li>K1a12a</li> </ul></li> <li>K1a17</li> <li>K1a18</li> <li>K1a19</li> <li>K1a23</li> <li>K1a27</li> <li>K1a28</li> <li>K1a29 <ul> <li>K1a29a</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K1b <ul> <li>K1b1 <ul> <li>K1b1a <ul> <li>K1b1a1</li> </ul></li> <li>K1b1b</li> <li>K1b1c</li> </ul></li> <li>K1b2 <ul> <li>K1b2a</li> <li>K1b2b</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K1c <ul> <li>K1c1 <ul> <li>K1c1a</li> <li>K1c1b</li> </ul></li> <li>K1c2</li> </ul></li> <li>K1ö</li> </ul></li> <li>K2 <ul> <li>K2a <ul> <li>K2a1 <ul> <li>K2a1a</li> </ul></li> <li>K2a2 <ul> <li>K2a2a <ul> <li>K2a2a1</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K2a3 <ul> <li>K2a3a <ul> <li>K2a3a1</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K2a4</li> <li>K2a5 <ul> <li>K2a5a <ul> <li>K2a5a1</li> </ul></li> <li>K2a5b</li> </ul></li> <li>K2a6</li> <li>K2a7</li> <li>K2a8</li> <li>K2a9</li> <li>K2a10</li> <li>K2a11</li> </ul></li> <li>K2b <ul> <li>K2b1 <ul> <li>K2b1a</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>K2c</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></th> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Genetic_traits">Genetic traits</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Genetic traits" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> A study involving Caucasian patients showed that individuals classified as <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup J (mtDNA)">haplogroup J</a> or K demonstrated a significant decrease in risk of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parkinson's disease">Parkinson's disease</a> versus individuals carrying <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup H (mtDNA)">the most common haplogroup, H</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-van_der_WaltNicodemus2003-45">[45]</a> Additionally, a study from 2020 found that the presence of haplogroup K served as a protective agent against <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">ADHD</a>, with a significant value ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P=0.0105}"><semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi> P </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 0.0105 </mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> {\displaystyle P=0.0105} </annotation> </semantics> </math> <noscript> <img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/10eea2c3f1bbeeed3ceccae775b1fec311eb7b57" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:11.303ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P=0.0105}"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11.303ex;height: 2.176ex;vertical-align: -0.338ex;" data-src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/10eea2c3f1bbeeed3ceccae775b1fec311eb7b57" data-alt="{\displaystyle P=0.0105}" data-class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert"> ).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> Used in conjunction with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_U_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup U (mtDNA)">haplogroup U</a>, the precursor to haplogroup K, was shown to have an even more significant effect in protecting against ADHD in the participants ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P=2.46\times 10^{-3}}"><semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi> P </mi> <mo> = </mo> <mn> 2.46 </mn> <mo> × </mo> <msup> <mn> 10 </mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo> − </mo> <mn> 3 </mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> {\displaystyle P=2.46\times 10^{-3}} </annotation> </semantics> </math> <noscript> <img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/39902bf3bfc88bba8feb1eb938620e28d25ac312" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:16.476ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P=2.46\times 10^{-3}}"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16.476ex;height: 2.676ex;vertical-align: -0.338ex;" data-src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/39902bf3bfc88bba8feb1eb938620e28d25ac312" data-alt="{\displaystyle P=2.46\times 10^{-3}}" data-class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert"> ).<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-46">[46]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: In popular culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> See also: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List_of_haplogroups_of_historic_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="List of haplogroups of historic people">List of haplogroups of historic people</a> </div> In his popular book <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Seven_Daughters_of_Eve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Seven Daughters of Eve">The Seven Daughters of Eve</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bryan_Sykes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bryan Sykes">Bryan Sykes</a> named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Katrine. On an 18 November 2005 broadcast of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Today_(U.S._TV_program)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Today (U.S. TV program)">Today Show</a>, during an interview with Dr. Spencer Wells of The National Geographic Genographic Project, host <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katie_Couric?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Katie Couric">Katie Couric</a> was revealed to belong to haplogroup K.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48">[48]</a> On 14 August 2007, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stephen_Colbert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stephen Colbert">Stephen Colbert</a> was told by geneticist <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spencer_Wells?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spencer Wells">Spencer Wells</a> that he is a member of this haplogroup during a segment on <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Colbert_Report?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Colbert Report">The Colbert Report</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates_Jr.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry Louis Gates Jr.">Henry Louis Gates Jr.</a> states that <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meryl_Streep?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> belongs to Haplogroup K in his book <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Faces_of_America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Faces of America">Faces of America</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mayim_Bialik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mayim Bialik">Mayim Bialik</a> belongs to the subclade K1a9,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50">[50]</a> as does <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Larry_David?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Larry David">Larry David</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Notable carriers of subclade K2a2a have included <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Steven_Pinker?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Steven Pinker">Steven Pinker</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Moment_p43-52">[52]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nadine_Epstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nadine Epstein">Nadine Epstein</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Moment_p43-52">[52]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mike_Nichols?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mike Nichols">Mike Nichols</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53">[53]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amy_Harmon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amy Harmon">Amy Harmon</a>.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54">[54]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"> Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Haplogroup K (mtDNA)">Haplogroup K (mtDNA)</a>. </div> </div> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Genealogical DNA test">Genealogical DNA test</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Genetic_genealogy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Genetic genealogy">Genetic genealogy</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K1a1b1a_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup K1a1b1a (mtDNA)">Haplogroup K1a1b1a (mtDNA)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_genetics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human mitochondrial genetics">Human mitochondrial genetics</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Population_genetics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Population genetics">Population genetics</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup">Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup</a></li> </ul> <table width="620" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:1em auto; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #111 solid; font-size: 100%; text-align:center"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="background:#ccf; border-bottom: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center;" colspan="40">Phylogenetic tree of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_DNA_haplogroup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup">human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10" rowspan="8"> </td> <td width="170" colspan="16" style="font-size:90%"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mitochondrial_Eve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mitochondrial Eve">Mitochondrial Eve</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Macro-haplogroup_L_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Macro-haplogroup L (mtDNA)">L</a>)</td> <td width="430" colspan="22"> </td> <td width="10" rowspan="8"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25" rowspan="7" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup L0">L0</a></td> <td width="300" colspan="14" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right">L1–6</td> <td width="275" colspan="23"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L1_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L1 (mtDNA)">L1</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L2_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L2 (mtDNA)">L2</a></td> <td width="46" colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid;"> </td> <td width="140" colspan="13" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L3_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L3 (mtDNA)">L3</a></td> <td width="290" colspan="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left"> </td> <td width="10" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left"> </td> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L4_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L4 (mtDNA)">L4</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L5_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L5 (mtDNA)">L5</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_L6_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup L6 (mtDNA)">L6</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="120" colspan="7" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_M_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup M (mtDNA)">M</a></td> <td width="120" colspan="6" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_N_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup N (mtDNA)">N</a></td> <td width="180" colspan="15"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_CZ_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup CZ (mtDNA)">CZ</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_D_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup D (mtDNA)">D</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_E_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup E (mtDNA)">E</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_G_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup G (mtDNA)">G</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_Q_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup Q (mtDNA)">Q</a></td> <td width="30" rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td width="25" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_O_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup O (mtDNA)">O</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_A_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup A (mtDNA)">A</a></td> <td width="25" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_S_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup S (mtDNA)">S</a></td> <td width="100" colspan="13" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_R_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup R (mtDNA)">R</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid;"> </td> <td width="10" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_I_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup I (mtDNA)">I</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_W_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup W (mtDNA)">W</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_X_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup X (mtDNA)">X</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="4" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_Y_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup Y (mtDNA)">Y</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="15" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_C_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup C (mtDNA)">C</a></td> <td width="15" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_Z?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup Z">Z</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_B_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup B (mtDNA)">B</a></td> <td width="20" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_F_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup F (mtDNA)">F</a></td> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_R0_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup R0 (mtDNA)">R0</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"> </td> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; white-space: nowrap"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_pre-JT?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup pre-JT">pre-JT</a></td> <td width="10" colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"> </td> <td width="20" colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_P_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup P (mtDNA)">P</a></td> <td width="10" rowspan="3" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"> </td> <td width="10" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_U_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup U (mtDNA)">U</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_HV_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup HV (mtDNA)">HV</a></td> <td width="30" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_JT_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Haplogroup JT (mtDNA)">JT</a></td> <td width="15" rowspan="2" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup H (mtDNA)">H</a></td> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_V_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup V (mtDNA)">V</a></td> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup J (mtDNA)">J</a></td> <td width="15" style="border-top: 1px #111 solid; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_T_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haplogroup T (mtDNA)">T</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a> Behar et al. 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Cell. 185 (25): Supplemental Data S1, p. 48. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.cell.2022.11.002">10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.002</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9793425">9793425</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36455558">36455558</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=Genome-wide+data+from+medieval+German+Jews+show+that+the+Ashkenazi+founder+event+pre-dated+the+14th+century&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=25&rft.pages=Supplemental+Data+S1%2C+p.+48&rft.date=2022-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9793425%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36455558&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.cell.2022.11.002&rft.aulast=Waldman&rft.aufirst=Shamam&rft.au=Backenroth%2C+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9793425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+K+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldmanBackenroth2022" class="citation journal cs1">Waldman, Shamam; Backenroth, Daniel; et al. 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NYU Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780814732649/page/49">49</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-3265-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-3265-6"><bdi>978-0-8147-3265-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Faces+of+America%3A+How+12+Extraordinary+People+Discovered+their+Pasts&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-3265-6&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=Henry+Louis+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780814732649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+K+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNadine_Epstein2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Nadine Epstein (September–October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://momentmag.com/the-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment/">"The Moment Magazine Great DNA Experiment"</a>. Moment Magazine. p. 42. Retrieved 2024-03-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Moment+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Moment+Magazine+Great+DNA+Experiment&rft.pages=42&rft.date=2012-09%2F2012-10&rft.au=Nadine+Epstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmomentmag.com%2Fthe-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+K+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">Finding Your Roots. Season 4. Episode 1. 2017-10-03. PBS.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finding+Your+Roots&rft.series=Season+4.+Episode+1&rft.date=2017-10-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+K+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-Moment_p43-52">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Moment_p43_52-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Moment_p43_52-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNadine_Epstein2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Nadine Epstein (September–October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://momentmag.com/the-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment/">"The Moment Magazine Great DNA Experiment"</a>. 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Retrieved 2024-03-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Moment+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Moment+Magazine+Great+DNA+Experiment&rft.pages=43&rft.date=2012-09%2F2012-10&rft.au=Nadine+Epstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmomentmag.com%2Fthe-moment-magazine-great-dna-experiment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+K+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGates2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates_Jr.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry Louis Gates Jr.">Gates, Henry Louis Jr.</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780814732649">Faces of America: How 12 Extraordinary People Discovered their Pasts</a>. 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Am J Hum Genet. 90 (4): 675–684. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1016%252Fj.ajhg.2012.03.002">10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.03.002</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322232">3322232</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22482806">22482806</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am+J+Hum+Genet&rft.atitle=A+%22Copernican%22+reassessment+of+the+human+mitochondrial+DNA+tree+from+its+root&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=675-684&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3322232%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22482806&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ajhg.2012.03.002&rft.aulast=Behar&rft.aufirst=DM&rft.au=van+Owen%2C+M&rft.au=Rosset&rft.au=Metspalu%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3322232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+K+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoaresErminiThomsonMormina2009" class="citation journal cs1">Soares, P; Ermini, L; Thomson, N; Mormina, M; Rito, T; Röhl, A; Salas, A; Oppenheimer, S; et al. 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19500773">19500773</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Human+Genetics&rft.atitle=Correcting+for+Purifying+Selection%3A+An+Improved+Human+Mitochondrial+Molecular+Clock&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=740-59&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2694979%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19500773&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ajhg.2009.05.001&rft.aulast=Soares&rft.aufirst=P&rft.au=Ermini%2C+L&rft.au=Thomson%2C+N&rft.au=Mormina%2C+M&rft.au=Rito%2C+T&rft.au=R%C3%B6hl%2C+A&rft.au=Salas%2C+A&rft.au=Oppenheimer%2C+S&rft.au=MacAulay%2C+V&rft.au=Richards%2C+Martin+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2694979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaplogroup+K+%28mtDNA%29" class="Z3988"></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li>General <ul> <li>Mannis van Oven's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.phylotree.org">Phylotree</a></li> <li>Ian Logan's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ianlogan.co.uk/sequences_by_group/haplogroup_select.htm">Mitochondrial DNA Site</a></li> </ul></li> <li>Haplogroup K <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060320195815/https://www3.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html?card%3Dmm021">Spread of Haplogroup K</a>, from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_K_mtDNA.shtml">Eupedia Haplogroup K page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.familytreedna.com/public/mtDNA_K/">mtDNA Haplogroup K Project</a> at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Familytreedna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Familytreedna">Family Tree DNA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://dgmweb.net/genealogy/DNA/DK/DanishDemes-mtDNA-results-HgK.shtml">Danish Demes Regional DNA Project: mtDNA Haplogroup K</a>[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li>MITOMAP's <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mitomap.org/cgi-bin/haplo_distribution?hg%3DK">Haplogroup K</a></li> </ul></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploskupina_K_(mtDNA)" title="Haploskupina K (mtDNA) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Haploskupina K (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogruppe_K_(mtDNA)" title="Haplogruppe K (mtDNA) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Haplogruppe K (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogrupo_K_(ADNmt)" title="Haplogrupo K (ADNmt) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Haplogrupo K (ADNmt)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroupe_K_(ADNmt)" title="Haplogroupe K (ADNmt) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Haplogroupe K (ADNmt)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%2583%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25B6_%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2582%25E0%25A4%25B9_%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%2587" title="मातृवंश समूह के – 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data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0_K_(%25D0%25BC%25D1%2582%25D0%2594%25D0%259D%25D0%259A)" title="Гаплогруппа K (мтДНК) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гаплогруппа K (мтДНК)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploryhm%25C3%25A4_K_(mtDNA)" title="Haploryhmä K (mtDNA) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Haploryhmä K (mtDNA)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" 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