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پانگولي - ويکيپېډيا

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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ننوتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%DA%89%DB%90" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ونډې</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>خبرې 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مالومات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">پیل</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-د_کلمې_ریښه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_کلمې_ریښه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>د کلمې ریښه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_کلمې_ریښه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-تاریخچه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#تاریخچه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۲</span> <span>تاریخچه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-تاریخچه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-عرضه_او_تقاضا" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#عرضه_او_تقاضا"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳</span> <span>عرضه او تقاضا</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-عرضه_او_تقاضا-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-د_دولت_رول" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_دولت_رول"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴</span> <span>د دولت رول</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_دولت_رول-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ډولونه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ډولونه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۵</span> <span>ډولونه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ډولونه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-د_معاصرې_پانگوالی_ځانگړنې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_معاصرې_پانگوالی_ځانگړنې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۶</span> <span>د معاصرې پانگوالی ځانگړنې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_معاصرې_پانگوالی_ځانگړنې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-انحصاري_پانگوالي_يا_امپرياليزم" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#انحصاري_پانگوالي_يا_امپرياليزم"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۷</span> <span>انحصاري پانگوالي يا امپرياليزم</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-انحصاري_پانگوالي_يا_امپرياليزم-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-دولتي_انحصاري_سرمايه_داري" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#دولتي_انحصاري_سرمايه_داري"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۸</span> <span>دولتي انحصاري سرمايه داري</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-دولتي_انحصاري_سرمايه_داري-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-دولتي_پانگوالي" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#دولتي_پانگوالي"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۹</span> <span>دولتي پانگوالي</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-دولتي_پانگوالي-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-تر_انحصار_دمخه_پانگوالي" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#تر_انحصار_دمخه_پانگوالي"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱۰</span> <span>تر انحصار دمخه پانگوالي</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-تر_انحصار_دمخه_پانگوالي-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مالومات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">پانگولي</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ليکنه په بله ژبه کي وګورئ. دا ليکنه په ۱۵۳ ژبو کې شتون لري." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-153" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۱۵۳ ژبې</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – افریکانسي" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="افریکانسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismus" title="Kapitalismus – سویس جرمن" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kapitalismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="سویس جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismo" title="Capitalismo – اراگونېسي" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Capitalismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="اراگونېسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C7%A2htwealdes_endebyrdness" title="Ǣhtwealdes endebyrdness – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ǣhtwealdes endebyrdness" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رأسمالية – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رأسمالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%AB%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܪܝܫܡܠܘܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܪܝܫܡܠܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="راسمالية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="راسمالية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87" title="راسماليه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="راسماليه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="পুঁজিবাদ – اسامي" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পুঁজিবাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="اسامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismu" title="Capitalismu – استورياني" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Capitalismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="استورياني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm – اذربایجاني" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kapitalizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="اذربایجاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="کاپیتالیسم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کاپیتالیسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – باشکير" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="باشکير" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap%C4%97tal%C4%97zmos" title="Kapėtalėzmos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kapėtalėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капіталізм – بېلاروسي" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Капіталізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بېلاروسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капіталізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Капіталізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepuncian" title="Kepuncian – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kepuncian" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Капитализъм – بلغاري" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Капитализъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="पूँजीवाद – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पूँजीवाद" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="পুঁজিবাদ – بنگالي" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পুঁজিবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevalaouriezh" title="Kevalaouriezh – برېتون" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kevalaouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="برېتون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizam" title="Kapitalizam – بوسني" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kapitalizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Хүрэнгэтэ журам – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хүрэнгэтэ журам" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalisme" title="Capitalisme – کټلاني" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Capitalisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کټلاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%B9%B3%CC%86-bu%C5%8Dng-ci%C5%8D-ngi%C3%AA" title="Cṳ̆-buōng-ciō-ngiê – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cṳ̆-buōng-ciō-ngiê" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – چيچني" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="چيچني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="سەرمایەداری – منځنۍ کوردي" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەرمایەداری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="منځنۍ کوردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismus" title="Kapitalismus – چېکي" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kapitalismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kapitalizm" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfalafiaeth" title="Cyfalafiaeth – ويلشي" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfalafiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ويلشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – ډنمارکي" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ډنمارکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismus" title="Kapitalismus – الماني" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kapitalismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kapitalizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Καπιταλισμός – یوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καπιταλισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism – انګليسي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Capitalism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انګليسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – اسپرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="اسپرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismo" title="Capitalismo – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Capitalismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalism" title="Kapitalism – حبشي" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kapitalism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="حبشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – باسکي" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismu" title="Capitalismu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Capitalismu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="سرمایه‌داری – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرمایه‌داری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismi" title="Kapitalismi – فینلنډي" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kapitalismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalism" title="Kapitalism – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kapitalism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisma" title="Kapitalisma – فاروئې" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kapitalisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="فاروئې" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalisme" title="Capitalisme – فرانسوي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Capitalisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalisim" title="Capitalisim – فرائیلیین" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Capitalisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="فرائیلیین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – لوېديځ فريشي" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="لوېديځ فريشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caipitleachas" title="Caipitleachas – ائيرلېنډي" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Caipitleachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ائيرلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="資本主義 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="資本主義" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalism" title="Kapitalism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kapitalism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calpachas" title="Calpachas – سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Calpachas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismo" title="Capitalismo – ګلېشيايي" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Capitalismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ګلېشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismo" title="Capitalismo – ګوراني" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Capitalismo" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="ګوراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="મૂડીવાદ – ګجراتي" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મૂડીવાદ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="ګجراتي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jari-hujja" title="Jari-hujja – هوسا" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jari-hujja" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="هوسا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%B9%B3%CC%82-p%C3%BAn_ch%C3%BA-ngi" title="Chṳ̂-pún chú-ngi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chṳ̂-pún chú-ngi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="קפיטליזם – عبراني" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קפיטליזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="पूंजीवाद – هندي" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पूंजीवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هندي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjiwaad" title="Punjiwaad – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Punjiwaad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizam" title="Kapitalizam – کروايشيايي" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kapitalizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کروايشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizmus" title="Kapitalizmus – هنګري" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kapitalizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هنګري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Կապիտալիզմ – آرمينيايي" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կապիտալիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمينيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – انډونېزي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انډونېزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – الوکو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="الوکو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – اڊو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="اڊو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap%C3%ADtalismi" title="Kapítalismi – ايسلنډي" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kapítalismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ايسلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismo" title="Capitalismo – ایټالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Capitalismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایټالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="資本主義 – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="資本主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiapitalizam" title="Kiapitalizam – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kiapitalizam" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – جاوايي" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="جاوايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="კაპიტალიზმი – جورجيائي" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კაპიტალიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جورجيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitaalism" title="Kapitaalism – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kapitaalism" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – قازق" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قازق" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF" title="ಬಂಡವಾಳಶಾಹಿ – کناډا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಂಡವಾಳಶಾಹಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="کناډا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%B3%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="자본주의 – کوریایی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자본주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – کراچی بالکر" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="کراچی بالکر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap%C3%AEtal%C3%AEzm" title="Kapîtalîzm – کردي" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kapîtalîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="کردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – کرغيزي" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="کرغيزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismus" title="Capitalismus – لاتیني" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Capitalismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismus" title="Kapitalismus – لوګزامبورګي" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kapitalismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="لوګزامبورګي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalisme" title="Capitalisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Capitalisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – لمبرگیانی" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="لمبرگیانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism – لومبارډ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Capitalism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="لومبارډ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalism%C9%9B" title="Kapitalismɛ – لنګالا" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kapitalismɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="لنګالا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B6%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1" title="ລັດທິທຶນນິຍົມ – لاو" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລັດທິທຶນນິຍົມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="لاو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizmas" title="Kapitalizmas – ليتواني" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kapitalizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليتواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapit%C4%81lisms" title="Kapitālisms – لېټواني" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kapitālisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لېټواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisma" title="Kapitalisma – ملغاسي" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kapitalisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ملغاسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – مينيگاباو" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="مينيگاباو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Капитализам – مقدوني" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Капитализам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="മുതലാളിത്തം – مالايالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മുതലാളിത്തം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالايالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – منګولیایی" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="منګولیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="भांडवलशाही – مراټهي" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भांडवलशाही" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراټهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – ملایا" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ملایا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismo" title="Capitalismo – مرانديز" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Capitalismo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="مرانديز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%92" title="အရင်းရှင်ဝါဒ – برمایی" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အရင်းရှင်ဝါဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="برمایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismus" title="Kapitalismus – کښته آلماني" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kapitalismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="کښته آلماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="पूँजीवाद – نېپالي" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पूँजीवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نېپالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="पूँजीवाद – نيواري" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पूँजीवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="نيواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – هالېنډي" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هالېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme" title="Kapitalisme – ناروېئي (بوکمال)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kapitalisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (بوکمال)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalisme" title="Capitalisme – اوکسيټاني" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Capitalisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="اوکسيټاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilbeetummaa" title="Dilbeetummaa – اورومو" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Dilbeetummaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="اورومو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%82%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਪੂੰਜੀਵਾਦ – پنجابي" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੂੰਜੀਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="پنجابي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – پاپيامينتو" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="پاپيامينتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm – پولنډي" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kapitalizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Capitalism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="سرمایہ داری نظام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سرمایہ داری نظام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismo" title="Capitalismo – پورتګالي" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Capitalismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتګالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismu" title="Kapitalismu – کېچوا" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kapitalismu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="کېچوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism – رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Capitalism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капіталізм – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Капіталізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – سخا" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="سخا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%BD" title="ᱯᱩᱸᱡᱤᱵᱟᱫᱽ – سنتالي" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱯᱩᱸᱡᱤᱵᱟᱫᱽ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="سنتالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismu" title="Capitalismu – سیلیسي" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Capitalismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیلیسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caipitalism" title="Caipitalism – سکاټس" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Caipitalism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="سکاټس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="سرمائيدارانہ نظام – سندهي" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سرمائيدارانہ نظام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="سندهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizam" title="Kapitalizam – سرب-کروشيايي" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kapitalizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سرب-کروشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="ධනවාදය – سينهالي" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ධනවාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="سينهالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Capitalism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizmus" title="Kapitalizmus – سلوواکي" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kapitalizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizem" title="Kapitalizem – سلوواني" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kapitalizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلوواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanteynta" title="Hanteynta – سومالي" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hanteynta" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="سومالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizmi" title="Kapitalizmi – الباني" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kapitalizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الباني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Капитализам – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Капитализам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalism" title="Kapitalism – سویډنی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kapitalism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویډنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubepari" title="Ubepari – سواهېلي" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ubepari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواهېلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="முதலாளித்துவம் – تامل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதலாளித்துவம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="పెట్టుబడిదారీ విధానం – تېليګو" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పెట్టుబడిదారీ విధానం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="تېليګو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – تاجکي" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="تاجکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ทุนนิยม – تايلېنډي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทุนนิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm – ترکي" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kapitalizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капитализм – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Капитализм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Капіталізм – اوکرايني" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Капіталізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="اوکرايني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="سرمایہ داری نظام – اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سرمایہ داری نظام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm – اوزبکي" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kapitalizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="اوزبکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capita%C5%82ixmo" title="Capitałixmo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Capitałixmo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kapitalizm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_t%C6%B0_b%E1%BA%A3n" title="Chủ nghĩa tư bản – وېتنامي" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa tư bản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="وېتنامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalismo" title="Kapitalismo – وارۍ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kapitalismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="وارۍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="資本主義 – وو چینایی" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="資本主義" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چینایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="კაპიტალიზმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კაპიტალიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="קאפיטאליזם – يديش" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאפיטאליזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="يديش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="资本主义 – چیني" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="资本主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu-p%C3%BAn-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Chu-pún-chú-gī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chu-pún-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="資本主義 – کانټوني" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="資本主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کانټوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuhlohlesakhe" title="Ubuhlohlesakhe – زولو" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ubuhlohlesakhe" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="زولو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6206#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="د ژبو خپلمنځي تړنې سمول" class="wbc-editpage">تړنې سمول</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A&amp;oldid=307327" title="د دې مخ د همدې بڼې تلپاتې تړنه"><span>تلپاتې تړنه</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A&amp;action=info" title="د دې مخ اړونده نور مالومات"><span>د مخ مالومات</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%A9&amp;page=%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A&amp;id=307327&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="دې مخ ته د اخځ مالومات"><span>د دې مخ اخځ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fps.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DA%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D9%258A"><span>لنډ URL ترلاسه کړئ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fps.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DA%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D9%258A"><span>د QR کوډ يې ډاونلوډ کړئ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> چاپول/صادرول </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:Book&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A"><span>يو کتاب جوړول</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>د PDF په بڼه ښکته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-print" 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style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:right;background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87" title="ټولنه">ټولنې</a> او سازمانونه</div><div class="NavContent hlist" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7_%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="افريقا ليبرال شبکه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">افريقا ليبرال شبکه</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Alliance of Liberals<br />and Democrats for Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_for_Europe_Party&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for 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title="Liberalism in Albania (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Armenia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Armenia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Australia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Australia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Austria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Austria (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Belgium&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Belgium (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Bolivia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Bolivia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Brazil&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Brazil (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Bulgaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Bulgaria (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Canada&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Canada (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_China&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in China (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Chile&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Chile (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Colombia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Colombia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Colombia</a></li> <li><a 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radicalism in Ecuador (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Egypt&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Egypt (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_centrism_in_Estonia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and centrism in Estonia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_centrism_in_Finland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and centrism in Finland (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and radicalism in France (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Georgia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Georgia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Germany&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Germany (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Greece&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Greece (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venizelism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Venizelism (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Venizelism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Honduras&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Honduras (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Hong_Kong&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Hong Kong (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Hungary&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Hungary (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_centrism_in_Iceland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and centrism in Iceland (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_India&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in India (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="لیبرالیسم در ایران (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">لیبرالیسم در ایران</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Israel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Israel (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Italy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Italy (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Japan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Japan (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Latvia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Latvia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Lithuania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Lithuania (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Luxembourg&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Luxembourg (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in the Republic of Macedonia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Mexico&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Mexico (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Moldova&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Moldova (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Montenegro&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Montenegro (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_the_Netherlands&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in the Netherlands (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historic_liberalism_in_New_Zealand&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Historic liberalism in New Zealand (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Nicaragua&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Nicaragua (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a 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class="new" title="Liberalism in Senegal (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Serbia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Serbia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Slovakia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Slovakia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Slovenia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Slovenia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Spain&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Spain (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_South_Africa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in South Africa (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_South_Korea&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in South Korea (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_centrism_in_Sweden&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and centrism in Sweden (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_Switzerland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism and radicalism in Switzerland (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Thailand&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Thailand (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Tunisia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Tunisia (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Turkey&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Turkey (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Ukraine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Ukraine (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_the_United_Kingdom&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in the United Kingdom (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobdenism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cobdenism (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Cobdenism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladstonian_liberalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gladstonian liberalism (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Gladstonian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manchester_Liberalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Manchester Liberalism (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whiggism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Whiggism (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Whiggism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_the_United_States&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in the United States (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoclassical_liberalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Neoclassical liberalism (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Arizona School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="لیبرترینیسم در ایالات متحده آمریکا (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">لیبرترینیسم در ایالات متحده آمریکا</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="دموکراسی جفرسونی (تر 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/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>کپیټلېزم</b> یا پانګواله یو اقتصادي نظام دی چې د تولید د وسیلو د شخصي مالکیت یا څښتنولۍ او د ګټې لپاره د دوی د فعالیت پر بنسټ ولاړ دی. د کپیټلېزم یا پانګوالۍ په اصلي ځانګړتیاوو کې د پانګې جمع کول، رقابتي بازارونه، د نرخ سیستم، شخصي ملکیت یا شتمني او د ملکیت یا شتمنۍ د حق په رسمیت پېژندل، داوطلبانه تبادله او اجرتي کار شامل دي. د پانګوال بازار په اقتصاد کې، پرېکړه کول یا تصمیم نیونه او پانګه اچونه د شتمنۍ، ملکیت، د پانګې د چلولو وړتیا لرونکو یا په پانګې او مالي بازارونو کې د تولید وړتیا لرونکو مالکینو لخوا ټاکل کېږي – په داسې حال کې چې نرخونه او د توکو او خدماتو وېش تر ډېره د توکو او خدماتو د سیالۍ په بازارونو کې ټاکل کېږي.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>اقتصادپوهانو، تاریخپوهانو، سیاسي اقتصادپوهانو او ټولنپوهانو د پانګوالۍ یا کپیټلېزم په اړه په خپلو تحلیلونو کې بېلابېل نظرونه وړاندې کړي او عملا یې د هغه بېلابېل ډولونه تشخیص کړي یا پېژندلي دي، چې په کې لایزیز فیر (<i>laissez-faire</i>) یا د ازاد بازار پانګوال نظام، دولتي پانګوال نظام، او سوکاله پانګوال نظام شامل دي. د پانګوالۍ بېلابېل ډولونه د ازادو بازارونو، عامه مالکیت یا څښتنولۍ، د ازادې سیالۍ پر وړاندې شته خنډونو او د دولت له لوري منل شوو ټولنیزو پالیسیو بېلابېلې درجې او کچې لري. په بازارونو کې د سیالۍ کچه او د مداخلې او مقرراتو رول او همدارنګه د دولت د مالکیت ساحه د پانګوالیزم په بېلابېلو ماډلونو کې توپیر لري. د هغې کچې ټاکل چې پکې بېلابېل مارکېټونه ازاد دي او همدا راز د شخصي ملکيت یا شتمنۍ د ټاکلو اصول د سياست او پالیسۍ مسئله ده. زیاتره موجوده پانګوال اقتصادونه مخلوط اقتصادونه دي چې پکې د ازاد بازار عناصر له دولتي مداخلې او په ځینو مواردو کې له اقتصادي پلان جوړونې سره را یوځای کېږي.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Modern_Economics_1986,_p._54_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Modern_Economics_1986,_p._54-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stilwell_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stilwell-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>بازاري اقتصادونه د حکومت په ډېری ډولونو او بېلاېلو وختونو، ځایونو او کلتورونو کې شته وو. عصري پانګوالو ټولنو په لویدیځه اروپا کې په یوه داسې بهیر کې وده وکړه چې د صنعتي انقلاب لامل شو. پانګوال نظامونه د مستقیمې دولتي مداخلې له بېلابېلو کچو سره له هماغه وخت راهیسې په لوېدیځه نړۍ کې واکمن شوي او د خپرېدو په حال کې دي. اقتصادي وده د پانګوالو اقتصادونو یوه ځانګړنه ده.<sup id="cite_ref-joff_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joff-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۲<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="د_کلمې_ریښه"><span id=".D8.AF_.DA.A9.D9.84.D9.85.DB.90_.D8.B1.DB.8C.DA.9A.D9.87"></span>د کلمې ریښه</h2></div> <p>د "پانګوال" (capitalist) اصطلاح، چې معنا یې د پانګې مالک یا څښتن دی، د "پانګوالۍ" (capitalism) تر اصطلاح وړاندې څرګنده شوې او د ۱۷مې پېړۍ منځنیو وختونو ته رسېږي. "پانګوالي" له پانګې (<i>capital</i>) څخه اخیستل شوې، چې ریښه یې یوه وروستۍ لاتیني کلمه <i>capitale</i> ده او هغه بیا له کپوټ (<i>caput</i>) څخه راغلې چې د "سر" معنا لري – چې د منقول ملکیت یا شتمنۍ په معنا کې د "chattel" یا شخصي شتمنۍ او "cattle" یا غواګانو ریښه هم پکې ده. سرمایه یا<i>Capitale</i> کلمه د ۱۲مې او ۱۳مې پېړۍ ترمنځ وختونو راڅرګنده شوې او د فنډونو، د سوداګریزو توکو زېرمې، د پیسو مجموعې یا د ګټې وړ پیسو لپاره کارول شوې. تر ۱۲۸۳ کال پورې دا د سوداګریز شرکت د پانګیزې شتمنۍ په معنا کارېده او ډېری وختونه د نورو کلمو– لکه بډاینه، پیسې، فنډونه، توکي، شتمنۍ، ملکیت او داسې نورو پر ځای هم کارول شوې ده.<sup id="cite_ref-Braudel-1979_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Braudel-1979-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۳<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="تاریخچه"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.A7.D8.B1.DB.8C.D8.AE.DA.86.D9.87"></span>تاریخچه</h2></div> <p>کپیټلېزم یا پانګوالي د هغې په عصري بڼه د کرنیز پانګوالیزم او د رینسانس په لومړیو کې د مرکینټلېزم ظهور ته، لکه د فلورېنس په څېر ښاري ایالتونو کې، رسول کېدای شي. پانګه په ابتدايي ډول په کوچنۍ پیمانه له پېړیو پېړیو راهیسې د سوداګرۍ، کرایه کولو او پور ورکولو اړوند فعالیتونو او کله ناکله له یو څه اجرتي کار سره د کوچنیو صنعتونو په بڼه موندل شوې. د اجناسو ساده تبادله او په پایله کې یې د اجناسو ساده تولید، چې له سوداګرۍ څخه د پانګې د ودې لومړنی بنسټ جوړوي، خورا اوږد تاریخ لري. عربانو پانګوال اقتصادي سیاستونه لکه ازاده سوداګري او بانکداري پیل کړل. د هندي-عربي عددونو کارولو د حسابدارۍ (bookkeeping) اسانتیا برابره کړه. دا نوښتونه اروپا ته د سوداګریزو شریکانو یا ونډوالو له لارې د وینس او پیسا په څېر ښارونو ته ولېږدول شول. اېټالوي ریاضي پوه فیبوناکي (Fibonacci) مدیترانې ته سفر وکړ او هلته له عرب سوداګرو سره تر خبرو وروسته په اروپا کې د هندي-عربي عددونو د کارونې د دودولو لپاره راستون شو.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۴<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OED-93_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-93-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۵<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۶<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۷<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۸<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="عرضه_او_تقاضا"><span id=".D8.B9.D8.B1.D8.B6.D9.87_.D8.A7.D9.88_.D8.AA.D9.82.D8.A7.D8.B6.D8.A7"></span>عرضه او تقاضا</h2></div> <p>په پانګوالي اقتصادي جوړښتونو کې عرضه او تقاضا په بازار کې د نرخ ټاکلو یو اقتصادي ماډل دی. په دغه ماډل کې داسې انګېرل کېږي چې په یوه بشپړ رقابتي بازار کې به د یوه ځانګړي توکي د یوه واحد بیه تر هغه پورې توپیر مومي، ترڅو یوې داسې نقطې ته ورسېږي چې پکې د مصرفوونکو له لوري غوښتل شوی مقدار (په اوسني نرخ) د تولیدوونکو له لوري له چمتو شوي مقدار سره (په اوسني نرخ) مساوي شي، چې په پایله کې یې د بیې او مقدار لپاره اقتصادي انډول رامنځته کېږي. </p><p>د عرضې او تقاضا "بنسټیز قوانین"، لکه څنګه چې د ډیویډ بیسانکو او رونالډ بریوټګیم لخوا تشریح شوي، لاندې څلور دي:<sup id="cite_ref-besanko-and-braeutigam-2010_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-besanko-and-braeutigam-2010-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۱۹<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>که تقاضا یا غوښتنه زیاتېږي (د تقاضا کږلیکه یا منحني ښي لوري ته بدلون ومومي) او عرضه په خپل ځای پاتې وي، نو د توکو کمښت رامنځته کېږي او د لوړ انډولیز یا تعادلي نرخ لامل کېږي.</li> <li>که چېرې تقاضا کمه شي (د غوښتنې کږلیکه کیڼ لوري ته بدلون ومومي) او عرضه په خپل ځای پاتې وي، نو بیا پرېماني (surplus) رامنځته کېږي، چې د ټیټ انډولیز نرخ لامل کېږي.</li> <li>که تقاضا پر خپل ځای وي او عرضه زیاته شي (د عرضې منحني یا کږلیکه ښي لوري ته بدلون ومومي)، نو بیا هم پرېماني (surplus) رامنځته کېږي، چې د ټیټ انډولیز نرخ لامل کېږي.</li> <li>که تقاضا پر خپل ځای وي او عرضه کمه شي (د عرضې منحني کیڼ اړخ ته بدلون ومومي)، نو په دې صورت کې بیا هم د توکو کمښت رامنځته کېږي، چې د لوړ انډولیز نرخ لامل کېږي.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="د_دولت_رول"><span id=".D8.AF_.D8.AF.D9.88.D9.84.D8.AA_.D8.B1.D9.88.D9.84"></span>د دولت رول</h2></div> <p>په پانګوال نظام کې دولت د شخصي ملکیت ساتنه کوي او د وګړو دا حق تضمینوي چې خپله دنده په خپله غوره کړي. په ډېری مواردو کې، حکومت یا دولت د اجرې یا مزد په ټاکلو او د خپلو محصولاتو لپاره د نرخونو په ټاکلو کې د شرکتونو مخه نه نیسي. که څه هم ډېری هېوادونه د تر ټولو کم معاش قوانین او د خوندیتوب تر ټولو ټیټ معیارونه لري. </p><p>د پانګوالۍ په ځینو نسخو یا بڼو کې بیا حکومت یو شمېر اقتصادي دندې ترسره کوي، لکه د پیسو صادرول، د عامه خدماتو څارنه، او د خصوصي قراردادونو پلي کول. ګڼ هېوادونه بیا د سیالۍ یا رقابت داسې قوانین لري چې انحصار او کارټلونه (cartels) منع کوي. له انحصار ضد قوانینو سره سره، لوی شرکتونه کولی شي په ځینو صنعتونو کې تقریبا انحصار وکړي. دا ډول شرکتونه کولی شي په لنډمهاله توګه نرخونه راټیټ کړي او زیانونه ومني ترڅو بازار ته د سیالۍ یا رقابت د ننوتلو مخه ونیسي او بیا کله چې د سیالۍ ګواښ کم شي، نرخونه بېرته لوړ کړي. په ډېری هېوادونو کې، عامه اسانتیاوو لکه برېښنا، تودوخه تولیدوونکو سوندتوکو، او مخابراتو ته اجازه ورکول کېږي چې د حکومت له لوري تنظیم شوي انحصار په توګه کار وکړي ترڅو د پراخو زیربناوو د نصب او ساتنې اړوند خنډونه راکم کړي. </p><p>دولتي ادارې په ډېری صنعتونو، لکه هوایي شرکتونو او نشراتو، کې د خدماتو معیارونه تنظیموي او دغه راز د ګڼ شمېر پروګرامونو مالي ملاتړ هم کوي. پر دې سربېره، حکومت د پانګې جریان تنظیموي او ځینې مالي وسایل، لکه د ګټې کچه، کاروي ترڅو د انفلاسیون او بېکارۍ په څېر عوامل کنټرول کړي.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>۲۰<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ډولونه"><span id=".DA.89.D9.88.D9.84.D9.88.D9.86.D9.87"></span>ډولونه</h2></div> <p>د پانګوالۍ یا کپیټلېزم ګڼ ډولونه شته دي، چې د هر هېواد او سیمې له مخې توپیر لري. د پانګوالۍ د ټولو مختلفو بڼو ترمنځ مشترکه ځانګړنه دا ده چې دوی په ټولیزه توګه د تولید د وسیلو د شخصي مالکیت یا څښتنولۍ او د ګټې لپاره د توکو او خدماتو د تولید پر بنسټ ولاړ دي او همدا راز د بازار پر بنسټ د سرچینو پر تخصیص او د پانګې پر راټولولو راڅرخي. </p><p>په دغو ډولونو کې پرمختللې پانګوالي یا کپیټلېزم، کارپورېټ کپیټلېزم، مالیاتي کپیټلېزم، د ازاد بازار کپیټلېزم، سوداګریز کپیټلېزم، ټولنیز کپیټلېزم، دولتي کپيټلېزم او د سوکالۍ او رفاه کپیټلېزم شاملېږي. د پانګوالۍ یا کپیټلېزم نور ډولونه هم انارکو-کپیټلېزم، د ټولنې کپیټلېزم، بشري یا انساني کپیټلېزم، نوی کپیټلېزم، د دولت انحصاري کپیټلېزم او تېکنو-کپیټلېزم دي. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="د_معاصرې_پانگوالی_ځانگړنې"><span id=".D8.AF_.D9.85.D8.B9.D8.A7.D8.B5.D8.B1.DB.90_.D9.BE.D8.A7.D9.86.DA.AF.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.DB.8C_.DA.81.D8.A7.D9.86.DA.AF.DA.93.D9.86.DB.90"></span>د معاصرې پانگوالی ځانگړنې</h2></div> <ol><li>د دولتي انحصاري سرمايه دارۍ پراختيا</li> <li>مشترک يازار غوندې مونوپوليسټي (انتگراسيون) يا د نړيوالو اتحادونو پراختيا</li> <li>دخلکو په استعمارولو کې د پخواني اسلوب تغير</li> <li>د امپرياليسټي مټروپولو نو او ددغه راز ټولنو په دننه کې سختي او شديدې مبارزي</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="انحصاري_پانگوالي_يا_امپرياليزم"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.86.D8.AD.D8.B5.D8.A7.D8.B1.D9.8A_.D9.BE.D8.A7.D9.86.DA.AF.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.8A_.D9.8A.D8.A7_.D8.A7.D9.85.D9.BE.D8.B1.D9.8A.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.8A.D8.B2.D9.85"></span>انحصاري پانگوالي يا امپرياليزم</h2></div> <p>د پانگوالی هغه مرحله چې ازاد رقابت په کې محدودېږي او په عمده توگه د انحصار د څښتنانو تر منځ دغه رقابت پاتې وي </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="دولتي_انحصاري_سرمايه_داري"><span id=".D8.AF.D9.88.D9.84.D8.AA.D9.8A_.D8.A7.D9.86.D8.AD.D8.B5.D8.A7.D8.B1.D9.8A_.D8.B3.D8.B1.D9.85.D8.A7.D9.8A.D9.87_.D8.AF.D8.A7.D8.B1.D9.8A"></span>دولتي انحصاري سرمايه داري</h2></div> <p>په دې مرحله کې دولت او انحصارات يو له بله ځوښ خوري او لاسونه سره ورکوي، کارگري غورځنگونه ټکول کېږي او په اصطلاح د ملي ازادي بخښونکو مبارزو مخ ته خنډونه ايجادېږي </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="دولتي_پانگوالي"><span id=".D8.AF.D9.88.D9.84.D8.AA.D9.8A_.D9.BE.D8.A7.D9.86.DA.AF.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.8A"></span>دولتي پانگوالي</h2></div> <p>د مناسباتو هغه سيسټم چې د پانگوال اقتصاد او پانگوال دولت تر منځ برقراره کېږي او د توليدي وسايلو يوه برخه د دولت په لاس کې متمرکزه کېږي. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="تر_انحصار_دمخه_پانگوالي"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.B1_.D8.A7.D9.86.D8.AD.D8.B5.D8.A7.D8.B1_.D8.AF.D9.85.D8.AE.D9.87_.D9.BE.D8.A7.D9.86.DA.AF.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.8A"></span>تر انحصار دمخه پانگوالي</h2></div> <p>هغه پانگوالي چې د سرمايه دارانو ترمنځ پر ازاد رقابت ولاړه ده، په دې دوره کې پانگوالان منځنی سود ترلاسه کوي </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r262776">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFZimbalist,_Sherman_and_Brown1988" class="citation book cs1">Zimbalist, Sherman and Brown, Andrew, Howard J. and Stuart (October 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6/page/6"><i>Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach</i></a>. Harcourt College Pub. pp.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6/page/6">6–7</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-15-512403-5" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-15-512403-5 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-15-512403-5</bdi></a>. <q>Pure capitalism is defined as a system wherein all of the means of production (physical capital) are privately owned and run by the capitalist class for a profit, while most other people are workers who work for a salary or wage (and who do not own the capital or the product).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Comparing+Economic+Systems%3A+A+Political-Economic+Approach&amp;rft.pages=6-7&amp;rft.pub=Harcourt+College+Pub&amp;rft.date=1988-10&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-15-512403-5&amp;rft.aulast=Zimbalist%2C+Sherman+and+Brown&amp;rft.aufirst=Andrew%2C+Howard+J.+and+Stuart&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcomparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6%2Fpage%2F6&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFRosserRosser2003" class="citation book cs1">Rosser, Mariana V.; Rosser, J Barkley (23 July 2003). <i>Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy</i>. MIT Press. p.&#160;7. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-262-18234-8" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-262-18234-8 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-262-18234-8</bdi></a>. <q>In capitalist economies, land and produced means of production (the capital stock) are owned by private individuals or groups of private individuals organized as firms.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Comparative+Economics+in+a+Transforming+World+Economy&amp;rft.pages=7&amp;rft.pub=MIT+Press&amp;rft.date=2003-07-23&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-262-18234-8&amp;rft.aulast=Rosser&amp;rft.aufirst=Mariana+V.&amp;rft.au=Rosser%2C+J+Barkley&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chris Jenks. <i>Core Sociological Dichotomies</i>. "Capitalism, as a mode of production, is an economic system of manufacture and exchange which is geared toward the production and sale of commodities within a market for profit, where the manufacture of commodities consists of the use of the formally free labor of workers in exchange for a wage to create commodities in which the manufacturer extracts surplus value from the labor of the workers in terms of the difference between the wages paid to the worker and the value of the commodity produced by him/her to generate that profit." London; Thousand Oaks, CA; New Delhi. Sage. p. 383.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFGilpin2018" class="citation book cs1">Gilpin, Robert (5 June 2018). <i>The Challenge of Global Capitalism&#160;: The World Economy in the 21st Century</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-691-18647-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-691-18647-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-691-18647-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A_(%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="او سي اېل سي (پېژند) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1076397003">1076397003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Challenge+of+Global+Capitalism+%3A+The+World+Economy+in+the+21st+Century&amp;rft.date=2018-06-05&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1076397003&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-691-18647-4&amp;rft.aulast=Gilpin&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heilbroner, Robert L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000053">"Capitalism"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171028232506/http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000053">Archived</a> 28 October 2017 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Wayback Machine</a>.. Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume, eds. <i>The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics</i>. 2nd <abbr title="edition">ed.</abbr> (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008) <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:DOI&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="کينډۍ:DOI (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کينډۍ:DOI</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Louis Hyman and Edward E. Baptist (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.simonandschuster.com/American-Capitalism/Louis-Hyman/9781476784311"><i>American Capitalism: A Reader</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150522065957/http://books.simonandschuster.com/American-Capitalism/Louis-Hyman/9781476784311">Archived</a> 22 May 2015 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Wayback Machine</a>.. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_%26_Schuster&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon &amp; Schuster (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Simon &amp; Schuster</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4767-8431-1" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4767-8431-1">978-1-4767-8431-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFGregoryStuart2013" class="citation book cs1">Gregory, Paul; Stuart, Robert (2013). <i>The Global Economy and its Economic Systems</i>. South-Western College Pub. p.&#160;41. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-285-05535-0" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-285-05535-0 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-285-05535-0</bdi></a>. <q>Capitalism is characterized by private ownership of the factors of production. Decision making is decentralized and rests with the owners of the factors of production. Their decision making is coordinated by the market, which provides the necessary information. Material incentives are used to motivate participants.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Global+Economy+and+its+Economic+Systems&amp;rft.pages=41&amp;rft.pub=South-Western+College+Pub&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-285-05535-0&amp;rft.aulast=Gregory&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul&amp;rft.au=Stuart%2C+Robert&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFGregory_and_Stuart2013" class="citation book cs1">Gregory and Stuart, Paul and Robert (28 February 2013). <i>The Global Economy and its Economic Systems</i>. South-Western College Pub. p.&#160;107. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-285-05535-0" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-285-05535-0 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-285-05535-0</bdi></a>. <q>Real-world capitalist systems are mixed, some having higher shares of public ownership than others. The mix changes when privatization or nationalization occurs. Privatization is when property that had been state-owned is transferred to private owners. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nationalization&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nationalization (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Nationalization</a> occurs when privately owned property becomes publicly owned.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Global+Economy+and+its+Economic+Systems&amp;rft.pages=107&amp;rft.pub=South-Western+College+Pub&amp;rft.date=2013-02-28&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-285-05535-0&amp;rft.aulast=Gregory+and+Stuart&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul+and+Robert&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Modern_Economics_1986,_p._54-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Modern_Economics_1986,_p._54_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Macmillan Dictionary of Modern Economics</i>, 3rd Ed., 1986, p. 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFBronk2000" class="citation magazine cs1">Bronk, Richard (Summer 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oecdobserver.org/news/archivestory.php/aid/345/Which_model_of_capitalism_.html">"Which model of capitalism?"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=OECD_Observer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="OECD Observer (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">OECD Observer</a></i>. Vol.&#160;1999, no.&#160;221–22. OECD. pp.&#160;12–15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180406200423/http://oecdobserver.org/news/archivestory.php/aid/345/Which_model_of_capitalism_.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=OECD+Observer&amp;rft.atitle=Which+model+of+capitalism%3F&amp;rft.ssn=summer&amp;rft.volume=1999&amp;rft.issue=221%E2%80%9322&amp;rft.pages=12-15&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.aulast=Bronk&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foecdobserver.org%2Fnews%2Farchivestory.php%2Faid%2F345%2FWhich_model_of_capitalism_.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stilwell-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Stilwell_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stilwell, Frank. "Political Economy: the Contest of Economic Ideas". First Edition. Oxford University Press. Melbourne, Australia. 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-joff-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-joff_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Joff2011" class="citation journal cs1">Michael Joff (2011). "The root cause of economic growth under capitalism". <i>Cambridge Journal of Economics</i>. <b>35</b> (5): 873–896. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fcje%2Fbeq054">10.1093/cje/beq054</a>. <q>The tendency for capitalist economies to grow is one of their most characteristic properties.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Cambridge+Journal+of+Economics&amp;rft.atitle=The+root+cause+of+economic+growth+under+capitalism&amp;rft.volume=35&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.pages=873-896&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fcje%2Fbeq054&amp;rft.au=Michael+Joff&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Braudel-1979-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Braudel-1979_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Braudel, Fernand. The Wheels of Commerce: Civilization and Capitalism 15th–18th Century, Harper and Row, 1979</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">E.g., "L'Angleterre a-t-elle l'heureux privilège de n'avoir ni Agioteurs, ni Banquiers, ni Faiseurs de services, ni Capitalistes&#160;?" in [Étienne Clavier] (1788) <i>De la foi publique envers les créanciers de l'état&#160;: lettres à M. Linguet sur le n° CXVI de ses annales</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ESMVAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA19">p. 19</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319071130/http://books.google.com/books?id=ESMVAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA19">Archived</a> 19 March 2015 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OED-93-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-OED-93_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">James Augustus Henry Murray. "Capital". <a href="//archive.org/details/oedvol02" class="extiw" title="iarchive:oedvol02">A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles</a>. <i>Oxford English Press</i>. <abbr title="Volume">Vol.</abbr> 2. p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arthur Young. <a href="//archive.org/details/travelsduringye03youngoog" class="extiw" title="iarchive:travelsduringye03youngoog"><i>Travels in France</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ricardo, David. Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. 1821. John Murray Publisher, 3rd edition.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Samuel Taylor Coleridge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-4W-XiGkIC">Tabel <i>The Complete Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200223123202/https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-4W-XiGkIC">Archived</a> 23 February 2020 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Wayback Machine</a>.. p. 267.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-besanko-and-braeutigam-2010-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-besanko-and-braeutigam-2010_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFBesankoBraeutigam2010" class="citation book cs1">Besanko, David; Braeutigam, Ronald (2010). <i>Microeconomics</i> (4th&#160;ed.). Wiley.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Microeconomics&amp;rft.edition=4th&amp;rft.pub=Wiley&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.aulast=Besanko&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft.au=Braeutigam%2C+Ronald&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Capitalism." World Book Encyclopedia. 1988. p. 194.</span> </li> </ol> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐55fb8d7f4f‐46lp2 Cached time: 20241110135353 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc, vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.368 seconds Real time usage: 0.534 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 853/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 66100/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 247/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 29429/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.207/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4208315/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 355.997 1 -total 44.69% 159.090 6 کينډۍ:Cite_book 19.85% 70.663 1 کينډۍ:ليبراليزم_څنګپټه 18.92% 67.344 1 کينډۍ:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists 7.99% 28.458 1 کينډۍ:Cite_journal 5.25% 18.705 1 کينډۍ:ISBN 5.09% 18.123 1 کينډۍ:Cite_magazine 4.51% 16.071 2 کينډۍ:Portal-inline 2.53% 8.993 4 کينډۍ:Webarchive 2.34% 8.324 1 کينډۍ:Catalog_lookup_link --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key pswiki:pcache:idhash:14492-0!canonical and timestamp 20241110135353 and revision id 307327. 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