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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1"/><title>Strong's Hebrew: 340. אָיַב (ayab) -- To be hostile to, to be an enemy, to oppose</title></title><link rel="canonical" href="http://biblehub.com/hebrew/340.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/strongsnew2.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/interlinear/vmenus/exodus/23-22.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmstrongs/hebrew/340.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's</a> > <a href="/englishmans_hebrew.htm">Hebrew</a> > 340</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../hebrew/339.htm" title="339">◄</a> 340. ayab <a href="../hebrew/341.htm" title="341">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading">Strong's Lexicon</div><div align="left"><span class="toptitle2">ayab: To be hostile to, to be an enemy, to oppose</span></div><p><span class="tophdg">Original Word: </span><span class="hebrew">אָיַב</span><br><span class="tophdg">Part of Speech: </span>Verb<br><span class="tophdg">Transliteration: </span>ayab<br><span class="tophdg">Pronunciation: </span>ah-yav'<br><span class="tophdg">Phonetic Spelling: </span>(aw-yab')<br><span class="tophdg">Definition: </span>To be hostile to, to be an enemy, to oppose<br><span class="tophdg">Meaning: </span>to hate<p><span class="tophdg">Word Origin: </span>A primitive root<p><span class="tophdg">Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: </span> - <b>G2190 (echthros):</b> Often translated as "enemy" in the New Testament, reflecting a similar concept of hostility or opposition.<p><span class="tophdg">Usage: </span>The Hebrew verb "ayab" primarily denotes the act of being an enemy or showing hostility. It is used to describe the state of enmity or opposition between individuals, groups, or nations. In the biblical context, it often refers to the adversarial relationship between Israel and its surrounding nations, as well as the spiritual enmity between God’s people and their foes.<p><span class="tophdg">Cultural and Historical Background: </span>In ancient Near Eastern culture, enmity was a common aspect of inter-tribal and international relations. Hostility could arise from territorial disputes, religious differences, or breaches of covenant agreements. The concept of enmity also extends to the spiritual realm, where the people of God are often depicted as being in conflict with forces opposed to God's will and purposes.<div class="vheading2">NAS Exhaustive Concordance</div><span class="hdg">Word Origin</span><br>a prim. root<br><span class="hdg">Definition</span><br>to be hostile to<br><span class="hdg">NASB Translation</span><br>enemies (196), enemies' (2), enemy (79), enemy to your enemies (1), enemy's (1), foes (2).<p><div align="center"><span class="smalltext"><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/nasec.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe></span></div><div class="vheading2">Brown-Driver-Briggs</div> [<font class="hebrew2">אָיַב</font>]<sup>283</sup> <font size="+1" color="#552200"><b>verb</b></font> <font size="+1"><b>be hostile to</b></font> (Assyrian <i><em>aibu</em></i> (see Dl<sup>w</sup>), <em>enemy</em> = <font class="hebrew2">אֹיֵב</font>) — <p><font size="+1" color="#552200"><b>Qal</b></font> <em>Perfect</em> <font class="hebrew2">וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י</font> <a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-22.htm">Exodus 23:22</a>; <em>Participle</em> <font class="hebrew2">אוֺיֵב</font> (<font class="hebrew2">אֹיֵב</font>) <a href="/interlinear/exodus/15-6.htm">Exodus 15:6</a> +; suffix <font class="hebrew2">(אוֺיְבִי)אֹיְבִי</font>) <a href="/interlinear/2_samuel/22-18.htm">2 Samuel 22:18</a> = <a href="/interlinear/psalms/18-18.htm">Psalm 18:18</a> +; feminine suffix <font class="hebrew2">אֹיַבְתִּי</font> <a href="/interlinear/micah/7-8.htm">Micah 7:8,10</a>; <font class="hebrew2">אֹיִבְךָ</font> <a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-4.htm">Exodus 23:4</a> +, etc.; plural <font class="hebrew2">אֹויְבִים</font> <a href="/interlinear/psalms/68-24.htm">Psalm 68:24</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/127-5.htm">Psalm 127:5</a>; <font class="hebrew2">אֹיְבִים</font> <a href="/interlinear/psalms/139-22.htm">Psalm 139:22</a>, etc.; — <em>be hostile to, treat as enemy</em> <a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-22.htm">Exodus 23:22</a> (E, Cov't code) <font class="hebrew2">וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י אֶתאֹֿיְבֶיךָ וְצַרְתִּ֫י אֶתצֹֿרְרֶיךָ</font> (subject <font class="hebrew2">׳</font><font class="hebrew2">י</font>); elsewhere <em>Participle</em> <a href="/interlinear/1_samuel/18-29.htm">1 Samuel 18:29</a> <font class="hebrew2">וַיְהִי שָׁאוּל אֹיֵב אֶתדָּֿוִד</font>; usually as substantive & mostly suffix; <em>enemy</em>, of personal foe <a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-4.htm">Exodus 23:4</a> (E "" <font class="hebrew2">שׂנֵא</font> <a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-5.htm">Exodus 23:5</a>) <a href="/interlinear/numbers/35-23.htm">Numbers 35:23</a> (P) <a href="/interlinear/1_samuel/19-17.htm">1 Samuel 19:17</a> (compare <a href="/interlinear/1_samuel/18-29.htm">1 Samuel 18:29</a>) <a href="/interlinear/1_samuel/24-5.htm">1 Samuel 24:5</a>; <a href="/interlinear/1_samuel/24-20.htm">1 Samuel 24:20</a>; <a href="/interlinear/2_samuel/4-8.htm">2 Samuel 4:8</a>; <a href="/interlinear/1_kings/21-20.htm">1 Kings 21:20</a>; <a href="/interlinear/job/27-7.htm">Job 27:7</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/54-9.htm">Psalm 54:9</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/55-13.htm">Psalm 55:13</a> ("" <font class="hebrew2">מְשַׂנֵּא</font>; opposed to <font class="hebrew2">אַלּוּף</font>, <font class="hebrew2">מְיֻדָּע</font> <a href="/interlinear/psalms/55-14.htm">Psalm 55:14</a>) <a href="/interlinear/micah/2-8.htm">Micah 2:8</a>; <a href="/interlinear/proverbs/16-7.htm">Proverbs 16:7</a>; <a href="/interlinear/proverbs/24-17.htm">Proverbs 24:17</a> +; in simile <a href="/interlinear/jeremiah/30-14.htm">Jeremiah 30:14</a> (<font class="hebrew2">מַכַּת אוֺיֵב</font>); of public national enemy, singular <a href="/interlinear/judges/16-23.htm">Judges 16:23,24</a>; collective <a href="/interlinear/exodus/15-6.htm">Exodus 15:6,9</a>; <a href="/interlinear/deuteronomy/33-27.htm">Deuteronomy 33:27</a>; <a href="/interlinear/nahum/3-11.htm">Nahum 3:11</a>; 2Chronicles 6:24 +; personified <a href="/interlinear/micah/7-8.htm">Micah 7:8,10</a>; more often plural <a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-22.htm">Exodus 23:22</a> (E) <a href="/interlinear/leviticus/26-7.htm">Leviticus 26:7</a> f (H) <a href="/interlinear/numbers/10-9.htm">Numbers 10:9</a> (P) <a href="/interlinear/deuteronomy/1-42.htm">Deuteronomy 1:42</a>; <a href="/interlinear/deuteronomy/6-19.htm">Deuteronomy 6:19</a>; <a href="/interlinear/jeremiah/15-9.htm">Jeremiah 15:9</a>; <a href="/interlinear/jeremiah/34-20.htm">Jeremiah 34:20</a>,21 +; of enemies of God, as protector of his people <a href="/interlinear/numbers/10-35.htm">Numbers 10:35</a> (J) <a href="/interlinear/judges/5-31.htm">Judges 5:31</a>; <a href="/interlinear/1_samuel/30-26.htm">1 Samuel 30:26</a>; <a href="/interlinear/2_samuel/18-19.htm">2 Samuel 18:19</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/66-3.htm">Psalm 66:3</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/68-1.htm">Psalm 68:1</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/68-22.htm">Psalm 68:22</a>; <a href="/interlinear/nahum/1-2.htm">Nahum 1:2,8</a>; <a href="/interlinear/isaiah/66-6.htm">Isaiah 66:6</a> +; as morally supreme <a href="/interlinear/job/13-24.htm">Job 13:24</a>; <a href="/interlinear/job/33-10.htm">Job 33:10</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/37-20.htm">Psalm 37:20</a>; <a href="/interlinear/psalms/92-10.htm">Psalm 92:10</a> (twice in verse) +; of God as enemy of rebellious people <a href="/interlinear/isaiah/63-10.htm">Isaiah 63:10</a>, in simile <a href="/interlinear/lamentations/2-4.htm">Lamentations 2:4</a>,5. <br><br><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/bsoft2.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">Strong's Exhaustive Concordance</div>be an enemy <p>A primitive root; to hate (as one of an opposite tribe or party); hence to be hostile -- be an enemy. <div class="vheading2">Forms and Transliterations</div>אֹ֣יְבֶ֔יךָ איביך ’ō·yə·ḇe·ḵā ’ōyəḇeḵā oyeVeicha<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/matthew/1-1.htm">Interlinear Greek</a> • <a href="/interlinear/genesis/1-1.htm">Interlinear Hebrew</a> • <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's Numbers</a> • <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Englishman's Greek Concordance</a> • <a href="/englishmans_hebrew.htm">Englishman's Hebrew Concordance</a> • <a href="/texts/matthew/1-1.htm">Parallel Texts</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="vheading">Englishman's Concordance</div><b><a href="/text/exodus/23-22.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Exodus 23:22</a> </b><br><a href="/interlinear/exodus/23.htm" title="Hebrew">HEB:</a> <span class="hebrew3">וְאָֽיַבְתִּי֙ אֶת־ <b> אֹ֣יְבֶ֔יךָ </b> וְצַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/exodus/23.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> that I say, <span class="itali">then I will be an enemy to your enemies</span> and an adversary<br><a href="/kjvs/exodus/23.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> all that I speak; <span class="itali">then I will be an enemy</span> unto thine enemies,<br><a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-22.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> say enemies <span class="itali">will be an enemy</span> and an adversary to your adversaries<p><i><a href="/hebrew/strongs_340.htm">1 Occurrence</a></i><br /><br /><b><a href="/hebrew/strongs_340.htm">Strong's Hebrew 340<br>1 Occurrence</a></b><br><br><a href="/hebrew/oyeveicha_340.htm">’ō·yə·ḇe·ḵā — 1 Occ.</a><br></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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