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href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_JavaScript_problems">Häufige JavaScript-Probleme lösen</a></li><li><a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Web_mechanics">Webmechanik</a></li><li><a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Tools_and_setup">Tools und Einrichtung</a></li><li><a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Design_and_accessibility">Design und Barrierefreiheit</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/About">Über</a></li><li><a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators">Ressourcen für Lehrkräfte</a></li><li><a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Changelog">Änderungsprotokoll</a></li></ol></div></div><section class="place side"></section></nav></aside><div class="toc-container"><aside class="toc"><nav><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">In diesem Artikel</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#nachkommen-kombinator">Nachkommen-Kombinator</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#kind-kombinator">Kind-Kombinator</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#nächste-geschwister-kombinator">Nächste-Geschwister-Kombinator</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#darauffolgende-geschwister-kombinator">Darauffolgende-Geschwister-Kombinator</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#erstellen_komplexer_selektoren_mit_verschachtelung">Erstellen komplexer Selektoren mit Verschachtelung</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#kombinieren_von_kombinatoren_mit_selektoren">Kombinieren von Kombinatoren mit Selektoren</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#testen_sie_ihre_fähigkeiten!">Testen Sie Ihre Fähigkeiten!</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#zusammenfassung">Zusammenfassung</a></li></ul></section></div></nav></aside><section class="place side"></section></div></div><main id="content" class="main-content "><article class="main-page-content" lang="de"><header><h1>Kombinatoren</h1></header><div class="section-content"><ul class="prev-next"><li><a class="button secondary" href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements"><span class="button-wrap"> Zurück </span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics"><span class="button-wrap"> Übersicht: Grundlagen der CSS-Stilgestaltung</span></a></li><li><a class="button secondary" href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model"><span class="button-wrap"> Weiter </span></a></li></ul> <p>Die letzten Selektoren, die wir uns ansehen werden, werden Kombinatoren genannt. Kombinatoren werden verwendet, um andere Selektoren zu kombinieren, sodass wir Elemente basierend auf ihrer Position im DOM im Verhältnis zu anderen Elementen auswählen können (zum Beispiel Kind oder Geschwister).</p> <figure class="table-container"><table> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">Voraussetzungen:</th> <td> HTML-Grundlagen (studieren <a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax">Grundlegende HTML-Syntax</a>), <a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors">Grundlegende CSS-Selektoren</a><a>. </a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Lernziele:</th> <td> <ul> <li>Das grundlegende Konzept von Kombinatoren.</li> <li>Nachkommen- und Kind-Kombinatoren.</li> <li>Nächste- und darauffolgende-Geschwister-Kombinatoren.</li> <li>Verschachtelung.</li> <li>Kombinieren von Kombinatoren mit Selektoren.</li> <ul> </ul></ul></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></figure></div><section aria-labelledby="nachkommen-kombinator"><h2 id="nachkommen-kombinator"><a href="#nachkommen-kombinator">Nachkommen-Kombinator</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Der <strong>Nachkommen-Kombinator</strong> — typischerweise durch ein einzelnes Leerzeichen (<code> </code>) dargestellt — kombiniert zwei Selektoren, sodass Elemente, die durch den zweiten Selektor ausgewählt werden, ausgewählt werden, wenn sie ein Vorfahrelement (Eltern, Eltern von Eltern, usw.) haben, das dem ersten Selektor entspricht. Selektoren, die einen Nachkommen-Kombinator nutzen, werden <em>Nachkommen-Selektoren</em> genannt.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>body article p { } </code></pre></div> <p>Im folgenden Beispiel wählen wir nur das <code><p></code>-Element aus, das sich innerhalb eines Elements mit einer Klasse von <code>.box</code> befindet.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html live-sample___descendant notranslate"><code><div class="box"><p>Text in .box</p></div> <p>Text not in .box</p> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css live-sample___descendant notranslate"><code>.box p { color: red; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="descendant sample" id="frame_descendant" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/" data-live-id="descendant" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="kind-kombinator"><h2 id="kind-kombinator"><a href="#kind-kombinator">Kind-Kombinator</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Der <strong>Kind-Kombinator</strong> (<code>></code>) wird zwischen zwei CSS-Selektoren platziert. Er wählt nur die Elemente aus, die durch den zweiten Selektor angesprochen werden und direkte Kinder von Elementen sind, die dem ersten Selektor entsprechen. Nachkommen-Elemente weiter unten in der Hierarchie werden nicht ausgewählt. Zum Beispiel, um nur <code><p></code>-Elemente auszuwählen, die direkte Kinder von <code><article></code>-Elementen sind:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>article > p </code></pre></div> <p>Im nächsten Beispiel haben wir eine geordnete Liste (<a href="/de/docs/Web/HTML/Element/ol"><code><ol></code></a>), die in einer ungeordneten Liste (<a href="/de/docs/Web/HTML/Element/ul"><code><ul></code></a>) eingebettet ist. Der Kind-Kombinator wählt nur die <code><li></code>-Elemente aus, die direkte Kinder eines <code><ul></code> sind und versieht sie mit einem oberen Rand.</p> <p>Wenn Sie das <code>></code> entfernen, das dies als Kind-Kombinator kennzeichnet, erhalten Sie einen Nachkommen-Selektor, und alle <code><li></code>-Elemente erhalten einen roten Rand.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html live-sample___child notranslate"><code><ul> <li>Unordered item</li> <li> Unordered item <ol> <li>Item 1</li> <li>Item 2</li> </ol> </li> </ul> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css live-sample___child notranslate"><code>ul > li { border-top: 5px solid red; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="child sample" id="frame_child" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/" data-live-id="child" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="nächste-geschwister-kombinator"><h2 id="nächste-geschwister-kombinator"><a href="#nächste-geschwister-kombinator">Nächste-Geschwister-Kombinator</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Der <strong>nächste-Geschwister-Kombinator</strong> (<code>+</code>) wird zwischen zwei CSS-Selektoren platziert. Er wählt nur die Elemente aus, die durch den zweiten Selektor angesprochen werden und direkt nach dem Element kommen, das dem ersten Selektor entspricht. Zum Beispiel, um alle <code><img></code>-Elemente auszuwählen, die unmittelbar von einem <code><p></code>-Element vorausgegangen werden:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>p + img </code></pre></div> <p>Ein typischer Anwendungsfall ist, etwas mit einem Absatz zu machen, der auf eine Überschrift folgt, wie im folgenden Beispiel. In diesem Beispiel suchen wir nach jedem Absatz, der ein Elternelement mit einem <code><h1></code> teilt und diesem <code><h1></code> unmittelbar folgt.</p> <p>Wenn Sie ein anderes Element wie ein <code><h2></code> zwischen das <code><h1></code> und das <code><p></code> einfügen, werden Sie feststellen, dass der Absatz nicht mehr von dem Selektor ausgewählt wird und somit nicht der Hintergrund- und Vordergrundfarbe angewendet wird, wenn das Element benachbart ist.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html live-sample___adjacent notranslate"><code><article> <h1>A heading</h1> <p> Veggies es bonus vobis, proinde vos postulo essum magis kohlrabi welsh onion daikon amaranth tatsoi tomatillo melon azuki bean garlic. </p> <p> Gumbo beet greens corn soko endive gumbo gourd. Parsley shallot courgette tatsoi pea sprouts fava bean collard greens dandelion okra wakame tomato. Dandelion cucumber earthnut pea peanut soko zucchini. </p> </article> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css live-sample___adjacent notranslate"><code>body { font-family: sans-serif; } h1 + p { font-weight: bold; background-color: #333; color: #fff; padding: 0.5em; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="adjacent sample" id="frame_adjacent" height="220px" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/" data-live-id="adjacent" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="darauffolgende-geschwister-kombinator"><h2 id="darauffolgende-geschwister-kombinator"><a href="#darauffolgende-geschwister-kombinator">Darauffolgende-Geschwister-Kombinator</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Wenn Sie Geschwister eines Elements auswählen möchten, auch wenn diese nicht direkt angrenzen, können Sie den <strong>darauffolgenden-Geschwister-Kombinator</strong> (<code>~</code>) verwenden. Um alle <code><img></code>-Elemente auszuwählen, die <em>irgendwo</em> nach <code><p></code>-Elementen kommen, würden wir Folgendes tun:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>p ~ img </code></pre></div> <p>Im folgenden Beispiel wählen wir alle <code><p></code>-Elemente aus, die nach dem <code><h1></code> kommen, und obwohl es auch ein <code><div></code> im Dokument gibt, wird das <code><p></code>, das danach kommt, ausgewählt.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html live-sample___general notranslate"><code><article> <h1>A heading</h1> <p>I am a paragraph.</p> <div>I am a div</div> <p>I am another paragraph.</p> </article> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css live-sample___general notranslate"><code>body { font-family: sans-serif; } h1 ~ p { font-weight: bold; background-color: #333; color: #fff; padding: 0.5em; } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="general sample" id="frame_general" height="220px" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/" data-live-id="general" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="erstellen_komplexer_selektoren_mit_verschachtelung"><h2 id="erstellen_komplexer_selektoren_mit_verschachtelung"><a href="#erstellen_komplexer_selektoren_mit_verschachtelung">Erstellen komplexer Selektoren mit Verschachtelung</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Das <a href="/de/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_nesting/Using_CSS_nesting#combinators">CSS-Nesting-Modul</a> ermöglicht es Ihnen, verschachtelte Regeln zu schreiben, die Kombinatoren verwenden, um <a href="/de/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_selectors/Selector_structure#complex_selector">komplexe Selektoren</a> zu erstellen.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>p { ~ img { } } /* This is parsed by the browser as */ p ~ img { } </code></pre></div> <p>Der <a href="/de/docs/Web/CSS/Nesting_selector"><code>&</code>-Nesting-Selektor</a> kann ebenfalls verwendet werden, um komplexe Selektoren zu erstellen:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>p { & img { } } /* This is parsed by the browser as */ p img { } </code></pre></div> <p>Hier ist ein Beispiel, das komplexe Selektoren demonstriert:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">html</span></div><pre class="brush: html live-sample___nesting notranslate"><code><article> <h1>A heading</h1> <p>I am a paragraph.</p> <div>I am a div</div> <p>I am another paragraph.</p> </article> </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css live-sample___nesting notranslate"><code>body { font-family: sans-serif; } h1 { & ~ p { /* this is parsed by the browser as h1 ~ p */ font-weight: bold; background-color: #333; color: #fff; padding: 0.5em; } } </code></pre></div> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"></div><iframe class="sample-code-frame" title="nesting sample" id="frame_nesting" height="220px" src="about:blank" data-live-path="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/" data-live-id="nesting" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts" loading="lazy"></iframe></div> <div class="notecard note"> <p><strong>Hinweis:</strong> Im obigen Beispiel ist der <code>&</code>-Nesting-Selektor nicht erforderlich, aber seine Verwendung hilft, explizit zu zeigen, dass CSS-Nesting verwendet wird.</p> </div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="kombinieren_von_kombinatoren_mit_selektoren"><h2 id="kombinieren_von_kombinatoren_mit_selektoren"><a href="#kombinieren_von_kombinatoren_mit_selektoren">Kombinieren von Kombinatoren mit Selektoren</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Sie können jeden der Selektoren verwenden, die wir in den vorherigen Lektionen kennengelernt haben, um mit Kombinatoren einen Teil Ihres Dokuments auszuwählen. Um zum Beispiel Listenelemente mit einer <code>class</code> von <code>a</code> auszuwählen, die direkte Kinder eines <code><ul></code> sind, probieren Sie Folgendes:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">css</span></div><pre class="brush: css notranslate"><code>ul > li[class="a"] { } </code></pre></div> <p>Seien Sie jedoch vorsichtig, wenn Sie große Listen von Selektoren erstellen, die sehr spezifische Teile Ihres Dokuments auswählen. Es wird schwierig sein, die CSS-Regeln wiederzuverwenden, da Sie den Selektor sehr spezifisch für die Position dieses Elements im Markup gemacht haben.</p> <p>Es ist oft besser, eine einfache Klasse zu erstellen und diese auf das betreffende Element anzuwenden. Dennoch wird Ihr Wissen über Kombinatoren sehr nützlich sein, wenn Sie etwas in Ihrem Dokument stilisieren müssen und keinen Zugriff auf das HTML haben, möglicherweise weil es von einem <a href="/de/docs/Glossary/CMS">CMS</a> generiert wird.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="testen_sie_ihre_fähigkeiten!"><h2 id="testen_sie_ihre_fähigkeiten!"><a href="#testen_sie_ihre_fähigkeiten!">Testen Sie Ihre Fähigkeiten!</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Sie haben das Ende unseres Lehrgangs über Selektoren erreicht, aber können Sie sich an die wichtigsten Informationen erinnern? Sie können einige weitere Tests finden, um zu überprüfen, ob Sie diese Informationen behalten haben, bevor Sie fortfahren — siehe <a href="/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors/Selectors_Tasks">Testen Sie Ihre Fähigkeiten: Selektoren</a>.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="zusammenfassung"><h2 id="zusammenfassung"><a href="#zusammenfassung">Zusammenfassung</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Das war's erstmal zu Selektoren. 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56.385h15.704v5.646H79.523Zm29.318-23.657h11.183V62.03h-7.578V38.375h-3.632v-5.646zm3.605-9.672h7.578v5.646h-7.578zm13.17 0h11.21v38.976h-7.578v-33.33h-3.632zm16.801 0H153.6v38.976h-7.577v-33.33h-3.632v-5.646zm29.03 9.123c4.442 0 7.394 2.143 8.231 5.881h2.194v-5.332h9.276v5.646h-3.632v18.011h3.632v5.646h-4.442c-3.135 0-4.834-1.699-4.834-4.836V56.7h-2.194c-.81 3.738-3.789 5.881-8.23 5.881-6.978 0-11.916-5.829-11.916-15.214 0-9.384 4.938-15.187 11.915-15.187m2.3 24.363c4.284 0 6.192-2.196 6.192-7.032v-4.287c0-4.836-1.908-7.032-6.193-7.032-4.18 0-6.193 2.196-6.193 7.032v4.287c0 4.836 2.012 7.032 6.193 7.032m48.34 5.489h-7.577V0h7.577zm6.585-29.643h32.165v-2.196l-21.295-7.634v-6.143l21.295-7.633V6.588h-25.345V0h32.165v12.522l-17.35 5.881V20.6l17.35 5.882v12.521h-38.985zm0-25.801h6.794v6.796h-6.794z"></path></svg></a><ul class="footer-moz-list"><li class="footer-moz-item"><a href="https://www.mozilla.org/privacy/websites/" class="footer-moz-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Website Privacy Notice</a></li><li class="footer-moz-item"><a href="https://www.mozilla.org/privacy/websites/#cookies" class="footer-moz-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cookies</a></li><li class="footer-moz-item"><a href="https://www.mozilla.org/about/legal/terms/mozilla" class="footer-moz-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Legal</a></li><li class="footer-moz-item"><a href="https://www.mozilla.org/about/governance/policies/participation/" class="footer-moz-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Community Participation Guidelines</a></li></ul></div><div class="page-footer-legal"><p id="license" class="page-footer-legal-text">Visit <a href="https://www.mozilla.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mozilla Corporation’s</a> not-for-profit parent, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://foundation.mozilla.org/">Mozilla Foundation</a>.<br/>Portions of this content are ©1998–2025 by individual mozilla.org contributors. Content available under <a href="/de/docs/MDN/Writing_guidelines/Attrib_copyright_license">a Creative Commons license</a>.</p></div></div></footer></div><script type="application/json" id="hydration">{"url":"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators","doc":{"body":[{"type":"prose","value":{"id":null,"title":null,"isH3":false,"content":"<ul class=\"prev-next\"><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Zurück </span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Übersicht: Grundlagen der CSS-Stilgestaltung</span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Weiter </span></a></li></ul>\n<p>Die letzten Selektoren, die wir uns ansehen werden, werden Kombinatoren genannt. Kombinatoren werden verwendet, um andere Selektoren zu kombinieren, sodass wir Elemente basierend auf ihrer Position im DOM im Verhältnis zu anderen Elementen auswählen können (zum Beispiel Kind oder Geschwister).</p>\n<figure class=\"table-container\"><table>\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">Voraussetzungen:</th>\n <td>\n HTML-Grundlagen (studieren\n <a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax\">Grundlegende HTML-Syntax</a>), <a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors\">Grundlegende CSS-Selektoren</a><a>.\n </a></td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <th scope=\"row\">Lernziele:</th>\n <td>\n <ul>\n <li>Das grundlegende Konzept von Kombinatoren.</li>\n <li>Nachkommen- und Kind-Kombinatoren.</li>\n <li>Nächste- und darauffolgende-Geschwister-Kombinatoren.</li>\n <li>Verschachtelung.</li>\n <li>Kombinieren von Kombinatoren mit Selektoren.</li>\n <ul>\n </ul></ul></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n</table></figure>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"nachkommen-kombinator","title":"Nachkommen-Kombinator","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Der <strong>Nachkommen-Kombinator</strong> — typischerweise durch ein einzelnes Leerzeichen (<code> </code>) dargestellt — kombiniert zwei Selektoren, sodass Elemente, die durch den zweiten Selektor ausgewählt werden, ausgewählt werden, wenn sie ein Vorfahrelement (Eltern, Eltern von Eltern, usw.) haben, das dem ersten Selektor entspricht. Selektoren, die einen Nachkommen-Kombinator nutzen, werden <em>Nachkommen-Selektoren</em> genannt.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>body article p {\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Im folgenden Beispiel wählen wir nur das <code><p></code>-Element aus, das sich innerhalb eines Elements mit einer Klasse von <code>.box</code> befindet.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html live-sample___descendant notranslate\"><code><div class=\"box\"><p>Text in .box</p></div>\n<p>Text not in .box</p>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css live-sample___descendant notranslate\"><code>.box p {\n color: red;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"descendant sample\" id=\"frame_descendant\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/\" data-live-id=\"descendant\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"kind-kombinator","title":"Kind-Kombinator","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Der <strong>Kind-Kombinator</strong> (<code>></code>) wird zwischen zwei CSS-Selektoren platziert. Er wählt nur die Elemente aus, die durch den zweiten Selektor angesprochen werden und direkte Kinder von Elementen sind, die dem ersten Selektor entsprechen. Nachkommen-Elemente weiter unten in der Hierarchie werden nicht ausgewählt. Zum Beispiel, um nur <code><p></code>-Elemente auszuwählen, die direkte Kinder von <code><article></code>-Elementen sind:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>article > p\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Im nächsten Beispiel haben wir eine geordnete Liste (<a href=\"/de/docs/Web/HTML/Element/ol\"><code><ol></code></a>), die in einer ungeordneten Liste (<a href=\"/de/docs/Web/HTML/Element/ul\"><code><ul></code></a>) eingebettet ist. Der Kind-Kombinator wählt nur die <code><li></code>-Elemente aus, die direkte Kinder eines <code><ul></code> sind und versieht sie mit einem oberen Rand.</p>\n<p>Wenn Sie das <code>></code> entfernen, das dies als Kind-Kombinator kennzeichnet, erhalten Sie einen Nachkommen-Selektor, und alle <code><li></code>-Elemente erhalten einen roten Rand.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html live-sample___child notranslate\"><code><ul>\n <li>Unordered item</li>\n <li>\n Unordered item\n <ol>\n <li>Item 1</li>\n <li>Item 2</li>\n </ol>\n </li>\n</ul>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css live-sample___child notranslate\"><code>ul > li {\n border-top: 5px solid red;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"child sample\" id=\"frame_child\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/\" data-live-id=\"child\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"nächste-geschwister-kombinator","title":"Nächste-Geschwister-Kombinator","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Der <strong>nächste-Geschwister-Kombinator</strong> (<code>+</code>) wird zwischen zwei CSS-Selektoren platziert. Er wählt nur die Elemente aus, die durch den zweiten Selektor angesprochen werden und direkt nach dem Element kommen, das dem ersten Selektor entspricht. Zum Beispiel, um alle <code><img></code>-Elemente auszuwählen, die unmittelbar von einem <code><p></code>-Element vorausgegangen werden:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>p + img\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Ein typischer Anwendungsfall ist, etwas mit einem Absatz zu machen, der auf eine Überschrift folgt, wie im folgenden Beispiel. In diesem Beispiel suchen wir nach jedem Absatz, der ein Elternelement mit einem <code><h1></code> teilt und diesem <code><h1></code> unmittelbar folgt.</p>\n<p>Wenn Sie ein anderes Element wie ein <code><h2></code> zwischen das <code><h1></code> und das <code><p></code> einfügen, werden Sie feststellen, dass der Absatz nicht mehr von dem Selektor ausgewählt wird und somit nicht der Hintergrund- und Vordergrundfarbe angewendet wird, wenn das Element benachbart ist.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html live-sample___adjacent notranslate\"><code><article>\n <h1>A heading</h1>\n <p>\n Veggies es bonus vobis, proinde vos postulo essum magis kohlrabi welsh onion\n daikon amaranth tatsoi tomatillo melon azuki bean garlic.\n </p>\n\n <p>\n Gumbo beet greens corn soko endive gumbo gourd. Parsley shallot courgette\n tatsoi pea sprouts fava bean collard greens dandelion okra wakame tomato.\n Dandelion cucumber earthnut pea peanut soko zucchini.\n </p>\n</article>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css live-sample___adjacent notranslate\"><code>body {\n font-family: sans-serif;\n}\n\nh1 + p {\n font-weight: bold;\n background-color: #333;\n color: #fff;\n padding: 0.5em;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"adjacent sample\" id=\"frame_adjacent\" height=\"220px\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/\" data-live-id=\"adjacent\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"darauffolgende-geschwister-kombinator","title":"Darauffolgende-Geschwister-Kombinator","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Wenn Sie Geschwister eines Elements auswählen möchten, auch wenn diese nicht direkt angrenzen, können Sie den <strong>darauffolgenden-Geschwister-Kombinator</strong> (<code>~</code>) verwenden. Um alle <code><img></code>-Elemente auszuwählen, die <em>irgendwo</em> nach <code><p></code>-Elementen kommen, würden wir Folgendes tun:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>p ~ img\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Im folgenden Beispiel wählen wir alle <code><p></code>-Elemente aus, die nach dem <code><h1></code> kommen, und obwohl es auch ein <code><div></code> im Dokument gibt, wird das <code><p></code>, das danach kommt, ausgewählt.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html live-sample___general notranslate\"><code><article>\n <h1>A heading</h1>\n <p>I am a paragraph.</p>\n <div>I am a div</div>\n <p>I am another paragraph.</p>\n</article>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css live-sample___general notranslate\"><code>body {\n font-family: sans-serif;\n}\n\nh1 ~ p {\n font-weight: bold;\n background-color: #333;\n color: #fff;\n padding: 0.5em;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"general sample\" id=\"frame_general\" height=\"220px\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/\" data-live-id=\"general\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"erstellen_komplexer_selektoren_mit_verschachtelung","title":"Erstellen komplexer Selektoren mit Verschachtelung","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Das <a href=\"/de/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_nesting/Using_CSS_nesting#combinators\">CSS-Nesting-Modul</a> ermöglicht es Ihnen, verschachtelte Regeln zu schreiben, die Kombinatoren verwenden, um <a href=\"/de/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_selectors/Selector_structure#complex_selector\">komplexe Selektoren</a> zu erstellen.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>p {\n ~ img {\n }\n}\n/* This is parsed by the browser as */\np ~ img {\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Der <a href=\"/de/docs/Web/CSS/Nesting_selector\"><code>&</code>-Nesting-Selektor</a> kann ebenfalls verwendet werden, um komplexe Selektoren zu erstellen:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>p {\n & img {\n }\n}\n/* This is parsed by the browser as */\np img {\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Hier ist ein Beispiel, das komplexe Selektoren demonstriert:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">html</span></div><pre class=\"brush: html live-sample___nesting notranslate\"><code><article>\n <h1>A heading</h1>\n <p>I am a paragraph.</p>\n <div>I am a div</div>\n <p>I am another paragraph.</p>\n</article>\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css live-sample___nesting notranslate\"><code>body {\n font-family: sans-serif;\n}\n\nh1 {\n & ~ p {\n /* this is parsed by the browser as h1 ~ p */\n font-weight: bold;\n background-color: #333;\n color: #fff;\n padding: 0.5em;\n }\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"></div><iframe class=\"sample-code-frame\" title=\"nesting sample\" id=\"frame_nesting\" height=\"220px\" src=\"about:blank\" data-live-path=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators/\" data-live-id=\"nesting\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-scripts\" loading=\"lazy\"></iframe></div>\n<div class=\"notecard note\">\n<p><strong>Hinweis:</strong>\nIm obigen Beispiel ist der <code>&</code>-Nesting-Selektor nicht erforderlich, aber seine Verwendung hilft, explizit zu zeigen, dass CSS-Nesting verwendet wird.</p>\n</div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"kombinieren_von_kombinatoren_mit_selektoren","title":"Kombinieren von Kombinatoren mit Selektoren","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Sie können jeden der Selektoren verwenden, die wir in den vorherigen Lektionen kennengelernt haben, um mit Kombinatoren einen Teil Ihres Dokuments auszuwählen. Um zum Beispiel Listenelemente mit einer <code>class</code> von <code>a</code> auszuwählen, die direkte Kinder eines <code><ul></code> sind, probieren Sie Folgendes:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">css</span></div><pre class=\"brush: css notranslate\"><code>ul > li[class=\"a\"] {\n}\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Seien Sie jedoch vorsichtig, wenn Sie große Listen von Selektoren erstellen, die sehr spezifische Teile Ihres Dokuments auswählen. Es wird schwierig sein, die CSS-Regeln wiederzuverwenden, da Sie den Selektor sehr spezifisch für die Position dieses Elements im Markup gemacht haben.</p>\n<p>Es ist oft besser, eine einfache Klasse zu erstellen und diese auf das betreffende Element anzuwenden. Dennoch wird Ihr Wissen über Kombinatoren sehr nützlich sein, wenn Sie etwas in Ihrem Dokument stilisieren müssen und keinen Zugriff auf das HTML haben, möglicherweise weil es von einem <a href=\"/de/docs/Glossary/CMS\">CMS</a> generiert wird.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"testen_sie_ihre_fähigkeiten!","title":"Testen Sie Ihre Fähigkeiten!","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Sie haben das Ende unseres Lehrgangs über Selektoren erreicht, aber können Sie sich an die wichtigsten Informationen erinnern? Sie können einige weitere Tests finden, um zu überprüfen, ob Sie diese Informationen behalten haben, bevor Sie fortfahren — siehe <a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors/Selectors_Tasks\">Testen Sie Ihre Fähigkeiten: Selektoren</a>.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"zusammenfassung","title":"Zusammenfassung","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Das war's erstmal zu Selektoren. Als Nächstes wenden wir uns einem weiteren wichtigen Teil von CSS zu — dem Boxmodell.</p>\n<ul class=\"prev-next\"><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Zurück </span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Übersicht: Grundlagen der CSS-Stilgestaltung</span></a></li><li><a class=\"button secondary\" href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model\"><span class=\"button-wrap\"> Weiter </span></a></li></ul>"}}],"isActive":true,"isMarkdown":true,"isTranslated":true,"locale":"de","mdn_url":"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators","modified":"2025-02-17T00:20:27.000Z","native":"Deutsch","noIndexing":false,"other_translations":[{"locale":"en-US","title":"Combinators","native":"English (US)"},{"locale":"es","title":"Combinadores","native":"Español"},{"locale":"fr","title":"Combinateurs","native":"Français"},{"locale":"ja","title":"結合子","native":"日本語"},{"locale":"ko","title":"결합자","native":"한국어"},{"locale":"ru","title":"Комбинаторы","native":"Русский"},{"locale":"zh-CN","title":"关系选择器","native":"中文 (简体)"}],"pageTitle":"Kombinatoren - Lernen Sie Webentwicklung | MDN","parents":[{"uri":"/de/docs/Learn_web_development","title":"Lernen Sie Webentwicklung"},{"uri":"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core","title":"Kern-Lernmodule"},{"uri":"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics","title":"Grundlagen der CSS-Stilgestaltung"},{"uri":"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators","title":"Kombinatoren"}],"popularity":null,"short_title":"Kombinatoren","sidebarHTML":"<ol><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started\">Einstiegsmodule</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup\">Umgebung einrichten</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software\">Installation grundlegender Software</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web\">Surfen im Web</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors\">Code-Editor</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files\">Umgang mit Dateien</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line\">Leitfaden für die Befehlszeilen-Einführung</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website\">Ihre erste Website</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like\">Wie wird Ihre Website aussehen?</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content\">HTML: Erstellen der Inhalte</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content\">CSS: Gestaltung des Inhalts</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity\">JavaScript: Interaktivität hinzufügen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website\">Veröffentlichen Ihrer Website</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards\">Webstandards</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works\">How the web works</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model\">Das Modell der Webstandards</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites\">Wie Browser Websites laden</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills\">Soziale Kompetenzen</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning\">Forschung und Lernen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork\">Zusammenarbeit und Teamarbeit</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes\">Workflows und Prozesse</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Job_interviews\">Erfolgreich in Vorstellungsgesprächen</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core\">Kernmodule</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content\">Inhalte mit HTML strukturieren</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax\">Grundlegende HTML-Syntax</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata\">Was befindet sich im Kopf? Metadaten einer Webseite</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs\">Überschriften und Absätze in HTML</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance\">Hervorhebung und Wichtigkeit</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists\">Listen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents\">Strukturierung von Dokumenten</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features\">Erweiterte Textfunktionen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links\">Erstellen von Links</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter\">Herausforderung: Eine E-Mail korrekt auszeichnen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content\">Herausforderung: Strukturierung einer Inhaltsseite</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_images\">HTML-Bilder</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_video_and_audio\">HTML video und audio</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Mozilla_splash_page\">Herausforderung: Mozilla Splash-Seite</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_table_basics\">Grundlagen von HTML-Tabellen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Table_accessibility\">Barrierefreiheit von HTML-Tabellen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Planet_data_table\">Herausforderung: Strukturierung einer Planeten-Datentabelle</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/HTML_forms\">Formulare und Schaltflächen in HTML</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Debugging_HTML\">Debugging von HTML</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics\">Grundlagen des CSS-Stylings</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS\">Was ist CSS?</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Getting_started\">Einstieg in CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Styling_a_bio_page\">Herausforderung: Gestaltung einer Biografie-Seite</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Basic_selectors\">Grundlagen der CSS-Selektoren</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Attribute_selectors\">Attribut-Selektoren</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Pseudo_classes_and_elements\">Pseudoklassen und Pseudoelemente</a></li><li><em><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators\" aria-current=\"page\">Kombinatoren</a></em></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model\">Das Box-Modell</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Handling_conflicts\">Umgang mit Konflikten</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units\">CSS-Werte und -Einheiten</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Sizing\">Größenbestimmung von Elementen in CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Backgrounds_and_borders\">Hintergründe und Rahmen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Overflow\">Überlaufender Inhalt</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Images_media_forms\">Bilder, Medien und Formularelemente</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Tables\">Tabellen stylen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Debugging_CSS\">Debugging CSS</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fundamental_CSS_comprehension\">Herausforderung: Grundlegendes CSS-Verständnis</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Fancy_letterheaded_paper\">Herausforderung: Erstellung eines ansprechenden Briefpapiers</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Cool-looking_box\">Herausforderung: Eine cool aussehende Box</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling\">CSS-Textgestaltung</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals\">Grundlegendes zur Text- und Schriftgestaltung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists\">Listen gestalten</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links\">Gestaltung von Links</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts\">Webfonts</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage\">Herausforderung: Setzen einer Startseite für eine Gemeinschaftsschule</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout\">CSS-Layout</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Introduction\">Einführung in CSS-Layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Floats\">Floats</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Positioning\">Platzierung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Flexbox\">Flexbox</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Grids\">CSS-Grid-Layout</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Responsive_Design\">Responsives Design</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Media_queries\">Grundlagen von Media Query</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/CSS_layout/Fundamental_Layout_Comprehension\">Herausforderung: Grundlegendes Verständnis von Layouts</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting\">Dynamisches Scripting mit JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_is_JavaScript\">Was ist JavaScript?</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/A_first_splash\">Erster Einblick in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/What_went_wrong\">Was ist schiefgelaufen? JavaScript-Fehlerbehebung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Variables\">Speichern der benötigten Informationen — Variablen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Math\">Grundlegende Mathematik in JavaScript – Zahlen und Operatoren</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Strings\">Umgang mit Text — Zeichenketten in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Useful_string_methods\">Nützliche String-Methoden</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Arrays\">Arrays</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Silly_story_generator\">Herausforderung: Blödsinnige Geschichtengenerator</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Conditionals\">Entscheidungen in Ihrem Code treffen — Konditionalen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Loops\">Code-Schleifen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Functions\">Funktionen — wiederverwendbare Codeblöcke</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Build_your_own_function\">Erstellen Sie Ihre eigene Funktion</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Return_values\">Funktionsrückgabewerte</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Events\">Einführung in Ereignisse</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Event_bubbling\">Ereignis-Bubbling</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Image_gallery\">Herausforderung: Bildergalerie</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Object_basics\">JavaScript-Objektgrundlagen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/DOM_scripting\">Einführung in DOM-Scripting</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Network_requests\">Netzwerkanfragen mit JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/JSON\">Arbeiten mit JSON</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Scripting/Debugging_JavaScript\">Debugging JavaScript and handling errors</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries\">JavaScript-Frameworks und -Bibliotheken</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Introduction\">Einführung in client-seitige Frameworks</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/Main_features\">Hauptmerkmale von Frameworks</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_getting_started\">Erste Schritte mit React</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_todo_list_beginning\">Beginn unserer React To-Do-Liste</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_components\">Komponenten in unserer React-App erstellen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_events_state\">React Interaktivität: Events und State</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_interactivity_filtering_conditional_rendering\">Reaktivität in React: Bearbeiten, Filtern, bedingtes Rendern</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_accessibility\">Barrierefreiheit in React</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries/React_resources\">React-Ressourcen</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility\">Barrierefreiheit</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/What_is_accessibility\">Was ist Barrierefreiheit?</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Tooling\">Barrierefreiheitstools und unterstützende Technologien</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/HTML\">HTML: Eine gute Grundlage für Barrierefreiheit</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/CSS_and_JavaScript\">CSS and JavaScript Zugänglichkeitsbest Practices</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/WAI-ARIA_basics\">WAI-ARIA Grundlagen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Multimedia\">Barrierefreie Multimedia-Inhalte</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Mobile\">Mobile Accessibility</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Accessibility/Accessibility_troubleshooting\">Herausforderung: Barrierefreiheits-Fehlerbehebung</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Design_for_developers\">Design für Entwickler:innen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control\">Versionskontrolle</a></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions\">Erweiterungsmodule</a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects\">Advanced JavaScript objects</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes\">Objektprototypen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming\">Objektorientierte Programmierung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript\">Klassen in JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice\">Objektbaupraxis</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features\">Herausforderung: Hinzufügen von Funktionen zu unserem hüpfenden Ball-Demo</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs\">Client-seitige Web-APIs</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Introduction\">Einführung in Web-APIs</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Video_and_audio_APIs\">Video- und Audio-APIs</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Drawing_graphics\">Zeichnen von Grafiken</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Client-side_storage\">Client-seitiger Speicher</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_APIs/Third_party_APIs\">Third-party APIs</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS\">Asynchrones JavaScript</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing\">Einführung in asynchrones JavaScript</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Promises\">Anleitung zur Verwendung von Promises</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API\">Wie man eine Promise-basierte API implementiert</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing_workers\">Einführung in Worker</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Sequencing_animations\">Herausforderung: Animationen sequenzieren</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms\">Webformulare — Arbeiten mit Benutzerdaten</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Your_first_form\">Ihr erstes Formular</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/How_to_structure_a_web_form\">Wie man ein Webformular strukturiert</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Basic_native_form_controls\">Grundlegende native Formularsteuerungen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/HTML5_input_types\">Die HTML5-Eingabetypen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Other_form_controls\">Andere Formularelemente</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Styling_web_forms\">Styling von Webformularen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Advanced_form_styling\">Fortgeschrittenes Formular-Styling</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/UI_pseudo-classes\">UI-Pseudoklassen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Form_validation\">Client-seitige Formularvalidierung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Forms/Sending_and_retrieving_form_data\">Senden von Formulardaten</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools\">Verständnis für clientseitige Tools</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Overview\">Überblick über Client-seitige Tools</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Package_management\">Grundlagen des Paketmanagements</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Introducing_complete_toolchain\">Einführung in eine vollständige Werkzeugkette</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Client-side_tools/Deployment\">Bereitstellung unserer App</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side\">Serverseitige Programmierung</a></summary><ol><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps\">Erste Schritte auf der Serverseite</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Introduction\">Einführung in die Server-Seite</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Client-Server_overview\">Überblick über Client-Server</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Web_frameworks\">Server-seitige Web-Frameworks</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/First_steps/Website_security\">Website-Sicherheit</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django\">Django Web-Framework (Python)</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Introduction\">Einführung in Django</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/development_environment\">Einrichten einer Django-Entwicklungsumgebung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Django Tutorial: Die Website der lokalen Bibliothek</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/skeleton_website\">Django-Tutorial Teil 2: Erstellen einer Skelett-Website</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Models\">Django Tutorial Teil 3: Verwenden von Modellen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Admin_site\">Django Tutorial Teil 4: Die Django Admin-Seite</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Home_page\">Django Tutorial Teil 5: Erstellen unserer Homepage</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Generic_views\">Django Tutorial Teil 6: Generische Listen- und Detailansichten</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Sessions\">Django-Tutorial Teil 7: Sitzungs-Framework</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Authentication\">Django-Tutorial Teil 8: Benutzer-Authentifizierung und -Berechtigungen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Forms\">Django Tutorial Teil 9: Arbeiten mit Formularen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Testing\">Django Tutorial Teil 10: Testen einer Django-Webanwendung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/Deployment\">Django-Tutorial Teil 11: Bereitstellung von Django für die Produktion</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/web_application_security\">Django Webanwendungssicherheit</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Django/django_assessment_blog\">Bewertung: DIY Django Mini-Blog</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs\">Express Web-Framework (Node.js)</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Introduction\">Einführung in Express/Node</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/development_environment\">Einrichten einer Node-Entwicklungsumgebung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Tutorial_local_library_website\">Express Tutorial: Die Website der lokalen Bibliothek</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website\">Express-Tutorial Teil 2: Erstellen einer Skelett-Website</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/mongoose\">Express-Tutorial Teil 3: Verwendung einer Datenbank (mit Mongoose)</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/routes\">Express Tutorial Teil 4: Routen und Controller</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/Displaying_data\">Express Tutorial Teil 5: Bibliotheksdaten anzeigen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/forms\">Express Tutorial Teil 6: Arbeiten mit Formularen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/deployment\">Express Tutorial Teil 7: Bereitstellung im Produktionsumfeld</a></li></ol></details></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance\">Web-Performance</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/why_web_performance\">Das \"Warum\" der Web-Performance</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/What_is_web_performance\">Was ist Web-Performance?</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Perceived_performance\">Wahrgenommene Leistung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Measuring_performance\">Leistungsmessung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/Multimedia\">Multimedia: Bilder</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/video\">Multimedia: video</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/JavaScript\">JavaScript-Leistungsoptimierung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/HTML\">HTML-Performance-Optimierung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/CSS\">CSS-Leistungsoptimierung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Performance/business_case_for_performance\">Der geschäftliche Nutzen der Web-Performance</a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing\">Tests</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Introduction\">Einführung in das Cross-Browser-Testing</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Testing_strategies\">Strategien zur Durchführung von Tests</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/HTML_and_CSS\">Umgang mit häufigen HTML- und CSS-Problemen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Feature_detection\">Implementierung der Funktionsprüfung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Automated_testing\">Einführung in automatisiertes Testen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing/Your_own_automation_environment\">Einrichtung Ihrer eigenen Testautomatisierungsumgebung</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Transform_animate\">CSS transformieren und animieren</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Security_privacy\">Sicherheit und Datenschutz</a></li><li class=\"section\">Weitere Ressourcen</li><li class=\"toggle\"><details><summary><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto\">Häufige Probleme lösen</a></summary><ol><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_HTML_problems\">Häufige HTML-Probleme lösen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_CSS_problems\">Häufige CSS-Probleme lösen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Solve_JavaScript_problems\">Häufige JavaScript-Probleme lösen</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Web_mechanics\">Webmechanik</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Tools_and_setup\">Tools und Einrichtung</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Howto/Design_and_accessibility\">Design und Barrierefreiheit</a></li></ol></details></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/About\">Über</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators\">Ressourcen für Lehrkräfte</a></li><li><a href=\"/de/docs/Learn_web_development/Changelog\">Änderungsprotokoll</a></li></ol>","source":{"folder":"de/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/combinators","github_url":"https://github.com/mdn/translated-content-de/blob/main/files/de/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/combinators/index.md","last_commit_url":"https://github.com/mdn/translated-content-de/commit/452fe502cfb4c9a91c346af17370ecfb6a8bd17e","filename":"index.md"},"summary":"Die letzten Selektoren, die wir uns ansehen werden, werden Kombinatoren genannt. Kombinatoren werden verwendet, um andere Selektoren zu kombinieren, sodass wir Elemente basierend auf ihrer Position im DOM im Verhältnis zu anderen Elementen auswählen können (zum Beispiel Kind oder Geschwister).","title":"Kombinatoren","toc":[{"text":"Nachkommen-Kombinator","id":"nachkommen-kombinator"},{"text":"Kind-Kombinator","id":"kind-kombinator"},{"text":"Nächste-Geschwister-Kombinator","id":"nächste-geschwister-kombinator"},{"text":"Darauffolgende-Geschwister-Kombinator","id":"darauffolgende-geschwister-kombinator"},{"text":"Erstellen komplexer Selektoren mit Verschachtelung","id":"erstellen_komplexer_selektoren_mit_verschachtelung"},{"text":"Kombinieren von Kombinatoren mit Selektoren","id":"kombinieren_von_kombinatoren_mit_selektoren"},{"text":"Testen Sie Ihre Fähigkeiten!","id":"testen_sie_ihre_fähigkeiten!"},{"text":"Zusammenfassung","id":"zusammenfassung"}],"pageType":"learn-module-chapter"}}</script></body></html>