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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Aftermath </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casualties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casualties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Casualties </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Casualties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Casualties subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Casualties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fatalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fatalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Fatalities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fatalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Injuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Injuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Injuries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Injuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perpetrator" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perpetrator"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Perpetrator </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Perpetrator-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Perpetrator subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Perpetrator-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Motive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Motive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Initial_reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Initial reports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Investigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Investigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Investigation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Investigation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Investigation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Investigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inquests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inquests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Inquests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inquests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Reactions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reactions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Domestic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Domestic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 International </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Documentary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">2017 Westminster attack</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" > 40 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1_2017" title="هجوم وستمنستر 2017 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هجوم وستمنستر 2017" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AD_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="২০১৭ ওয়েস্টমিনিস্টার হামলা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="২০১৭ ওয়েস্টমিনিস্টার হামলা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwalldaol_an_22_a_viz_Meurzh_2017_e_Londrez" title="Gwalldaol an 22 a viz Meurzh 2017 e Londrez – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gwalldaol an 22 a viz Meurzh 2017 e Londrez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atemptat_de_Westminster_de_2017" title="Atemptat de Westminster de 2017 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Atemptat de Westminster de 2017" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teroristick%C3%BD_%C3%BAtok_v_Lond%C3%BDn%C4%9B_v_b%C5%99eznu_2017" title="Teroristický útok v Londýně v březnu 2017 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Teroristický útok v Londýně v březnu 2017" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminsterangrebet_i_2017" title="Westminsterangrebet i 2017 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Westminsterangrebet i 2017" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terroranschlag_in_London_am_22._M%C3%A4rz_2017" title="Terroranschlag in London am 22. März 2017 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Terroranschlag in London am 22. März 2017" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atentado_de_Westminster_de_2017" title="Atentado de Westminster de 2017 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Atentado de Westminster de 2017" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017ko_Westminsterreko_atentatua" title="2017ko Westminsterreko atentatua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="2017ko Westminsterreko atentatua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87_%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B7_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="حمله ۲۰۱۷ وست‌مینستر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حمله ۲۰۱۷ وست‌مینستر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attentat_de_Westminster" title="Attentat de Westminster – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Attentat de Westminster" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionsa%C3%AD_Westminster_2017" title="Ionsaí Westminster 2017 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ionsaí Westminster 2017" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%EB%85%84_%EC%9B%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%AF%BC%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B0_%ED%85%8C%EB%9F%AC" title="2017년 웨스트민스터 테러 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="2017년 웨스트민스터 테러" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6_(2017)" title="Լոնդոնի ահաբեկչական գործողություն (2017) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լոնդոնի ահաբեկչական գործողություն (2017)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serangan_Westminster_2017" title="Serangan Westminster 2017 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Serangan Westminster 2017" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attentato_di_Londra_del_22_marzo_2017" title="Attentato di Londra del 22 marzo 2017 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Attentato di Londra del 22 marzo 2017" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A2_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8_(2017)" title="הפיגוע בווסטמינסטר (2017) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הפיגוע בווסטמינסטר (2017)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A8%E0%B3%A6%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AD%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%BF" title="೨೦೧೭ರ ವೆಸ್ಟ್ಮಿನ್ಸ್ಟರ್ ಮೇಲಿನ ದಾಳಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೨೦೧೭ರ ವೆಸ್ಟ್ಮಿನ್ಸ್ಟರ್ ಮೇಲಿನ ದಾಳಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98_(2017)" title="უესტმინსტერის ტერაქტი (2017) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უესტმინსტერის ტერაქტი (2017)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA_%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB_(2017)" title="Лондондогу террордук чабуул (2017) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Лондондогу террордук чабуул (2017)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impetus_Vestmonasterii_22_Martii_2017_factus" title="Impetus Vestmonasterii 22 Martii 2017 factus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Impetus Vestmonasterii 22 Martii 2017 factus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attentaa_a_Westminster_del_2017" title="Attentaa a Westminster del 2017 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Attentaa a Westminster del 2017" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017-es_londoni_terrort%C3%A1mad%C3%A1s_(Westminster)" title="2017-es londoni terrortámadás (Westminster) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="2017-es londoni terrortámadás (Westminster)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serangan_Westminster_2017" title="Serangan Westminster 2017 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Serangan Westminster 2017" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aanslag_in_Londen_op_22_maart_2017" title="Aanslag in Londen op 22 maart 2017 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aanslag in Londen op 22 maart 2017" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%E5%B9%B4%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%AD%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="2017年ロンドンテロ事件 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="2017年ロンドンテロ事件" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorangrepet_i_London_22._mars_2017" title="Terrorangrepet i London 22. mars 2017 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Terrorangrepet i London 22. mars 2017" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamach_w_Londynie_(marzec_2017)" title="Zamach w Londynie (marzec 2017) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zamach w Londynie (marzec 2017)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atentado_em_Westminster_de_2017" title="Atentado em Westminster de 2017 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Atentado em Westminster de 2017" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atentatul_de_la_Westminster" title="Atentatul de la Westminster – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Atentatul de la Westminster" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=2017_Westminster_attack&params=51_30_03_N_0_07_19_W_type:event_region:GB">51°30′03″N 0°07′19″W / 51.50083°N 0.12194°W / 51.50083; -0.12194</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Terrorist attack in London</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the March 2017 attack in Westminster. For the similar attack in June 2017 in London, see <a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">2017 London Bridge attack</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Westminster_attack" title="Westminster attack">Westminster attack</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:125%;">2017 Westminster attack</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Part of <a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" title="Islamic terrorism in Europe">Islamic terrorism in Europe</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><table style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><tbody><tr><td align="center"><div style="position:relative;left:0px;top:0px;width:320px;height:240px"><a href="/wiki/File:Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG/320px-Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG" decoding="async" width="320" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG/480px-Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG/640px-Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><div style="position:absolute;left:25px;top:138px;line-height:95%;z-index:1"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">1</div></div><div style="position:absolute;left:140px;top:138px;line-height:95%;z-index:1"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">2</div></div><div style="position:absolute;left:280px;top:134px;line-height:95%;z-index:1"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">3</div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td><table style="width:100%;border:"><tbody><tr><td style="width:0.5%;vertical-align:top"><table style="width:100%;font-size:85%;line-height:95%"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:12px;text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">1</div></td><td style="padding-bottom:2px"><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Tucson" title="Hyundai Tucson">Hyundai Tucson</a> mounts <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Bridge" title="Westminster Bridge">Westminster Bridge</a> pavement</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:12px;text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">2</div></td><td style="padding-bottom:2px">Vehicle collides with 11 pedestrians (One killed, 10 injured). One pedestrian falls off the bridge into <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:12px;text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">3</div></td><td style="padding-bottom:2px">Vehicle crashes into railings outside New Palace Yard</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td style="width:0.5%;vertical-align:top"><table style="width:100%;font-size:85%;line-height:95%"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:12px;text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">4</div></td><td style="padding-bottom:2px">Masood abandons vehicle and enters New Palace Yard</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:12px;text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px"><div style="display:inline-block;width:auto;height:auto;text-align:center;padding:0px 4px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px;background-color:red">5</div></td><td style="padding-bottom:2px">Masood attacks <a href="/wiki/Keith_Palmer_(police_officer)" title="Keith Palmer (police officer)">PC Palmer</a> and is shot by surrounding officers</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="infobox-caption"><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="center"><div class="thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="position: relative; top: 0px; right: 0px; width: 300px;"><div class="thumbinner noresize" style="position: relative; top: 0px; right: 0px; outline:0px; border:0px; padding:0px; height: 220px; width: 300px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 300px; height: 220px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="220" data-zoom="16" data-lat="51.50044" data-lon="-0.12332" href="/wiki/Special:Map/16/51.50044/-0.12332/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,16,51.50044,-0.12332,300x220.png?lang=en" width="300" height="220" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,16,51.50044,-0.12332,300x220@2x.png?lang=en 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: blue; top: -40px; left: 0px; width: 300px; height: 300px; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 0px; background-color: #FFFFFF00; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 103px; left: -2px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 0px; top: 202px; left: 287px; width: 12px; height: 12px; background-color: transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright" title="About OpenStreetMaps" rel="nofollow"><img alt="About OpenStreetMaps" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/12px-Invisible_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/18px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Invisible_Square.svg/24px-Invisible_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; 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position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 175.875px; left: 245px; transform: translateX(-100%) rotate(0deg); text-align: right; background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> 100m 110yds</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 113.33700594199px; left: 45.078433587073px; width: 16px; height: 16px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #FF0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 114.33700594199px; left: 64.078433587073px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 113.33700594199px; left: 53.078433587073px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">5</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 93.68617192961px; left: 16.378358095866px; width: 16px; height: 16px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #FF0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 94.68617192961px; left: 35.378358095866px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 93.68617192961px; left: 24.378358095866px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">4</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 71.767801734285px; left: 47.901391832109px; width: 16px; height: 16px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #FF0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 72.767801734285px; left: 66.901391832109px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 71.767801734285px; left: 55.901391832109px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">3</div> <div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 70.256184854692px; left: 185.75585279807px; width: 16px; height: 16px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #FF0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 71.256184854692px; left: 204.75585279807px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 70.256184854692px; left: 193.75585279807px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">2</div> <div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; outline-width: 1px; outline-style: solid; outline-color: #FFFFFFFF; top: 74.035225807459px; left: 276.56100968008px; width: 16px; height: 16px; transform: rotate(0deg); background-color: #FF0000; color:inherit;"></div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; line-height: 0.98; white-space: nowrap; top: 75.035225807459px; left: 295.56100968008px; text-align: left; transform: rotate(0deg) background-color: transparent; color:inherit;"> </div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute; top: 74.035225807459px; left: 284.56100968008px; width: fit-content; text-align: center; transform: translateX(-50%); background-color:transparent; color:inherit; line-height: 1.2;">1</div><div style="display:inline-block; position: absolute;top: 9px;left: 264px"><div style="color: white; opacity:100; font-size: 19px; font-weight:normal; text-align: left;"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink no-icon" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Special:Map/17/51.50044/-0.12332/en" data-zoom="17" data-lat="51.50044" data-lon="-0.12332" data-overlays="["_3a87613568941f63467725afc770c6f89c058913"]"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style> </a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a>, London, United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=2017_Westminster_attack&params=51_30_03_N_0_07_19_W_type:event_region:GB">51°30′03″N 0°07′19″W / 51.50083°N 0.12194°W / 51.50083; -0.12194</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">22 March 2017; 7 years ago (2017-03-22) 14:40 (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a> (UTC))</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Attack type</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle-ramming_attack" title="Vehicle-ramming attack">Vehicle-ramming attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabbing" title="Stabbing">Stabbing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weapons</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Tucson" title="Hyundai Tucson">Hyundai Tucson</a></li> <li>Knife</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data">6 (4 pedestrians, 1 police officer, and the perpetrator)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Injured</th><td class="infobox-data">48</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Assailant</th><td class="infobox-data">Khalid Masood</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motive</th><td class="infobox-data">Revenge for Western military action in the Middle East<a href="#cite_note-ind-textmessage-1">[1]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> On 22 March 2017, a <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorist attack</a> took place outside the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a> in London, seat of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">British Parliament</a>. Khalid Masood, a 52-year-old <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">Briton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vehicle-ramming_attack" title="Vehicle-ramming attack">drove a car into pedestrians</a> on the pavement along the south side of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Bridge" title="Westminster Bridge">Westminster Bridge</a> and Bridge Street, injuring more than 50 people, four of them fatally. He then crashed the car into the perimeter fence of the palace grounds and ran into <a href="/wiki/New_Palace_Yard" title="New Palace Yard">New Palace Yard</a>, where he fatally stabbed an <a href="/wiki/Police_use_of_firearms_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom">unarmed police officer</a>. He was then shot by an <a href="/wiki/Authorised_firearms_officer" title="Authorised firearms officer">armed police officer</a>, and died at the scene. Police treated the attack as "<a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" title="Islamic terrorism">Islamist-related terrorism</a>". Masood said in a final text message that he was waging <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihad</a> in revenge for Western military action in Muslim countries in the Middle East. <a href="/wiki/Amaq_News_Agency" title="Amaq News Agency">Amaq News Agency</a>, which is linked to <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State</a>, said the attacker answered the group's calls to target citizens of <a href="/wiki/International_military_intervention_against_ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="International military intervention against ISIL">states that were fighting against it</a>, though the claim was questioned by the UK police and government. Police have found no link with a terrorist organisation and believe Masood acted alone.<a href="#cite_note-ind-textmessage-1">[1]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Terrorism in the United Kingdom">Terrorism in the United Kingdom</a></div> Prior to the attack, the <a href="/wiki/UK_Threat_Levels" title="UK Threat Levels">UK Threat Level</a> for terrorism in the country was listed at "severe", meaning an attack was "highly likely".<a href="#cite_note-Whitehead-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> There had not been a killing at the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Airey_Neave" title="Assassination of Airey Neave">assassination of Airey Neave</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Irish_National_Liberation_Army" title="Irish National Liberation Army">Irish National Liberation Army</a> in 1979, which took place close to <a href="/wiki/New_Palace_Yard" title="New Palace Yard">New Palace Yard</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">Northern Ireland conflict</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> The previous terrorist attack to have caused multiple casualties on the British mainland had been the <a href="/wiki/7_July_2005_London_bombings" title="7 July 2005 London bombings">7 July 2005 London bombings</a>. Shortly before the attack, a <a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_assembly" title="Division of the assembly">division</a> had been called in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attack">Attack</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Attack">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_Westminster_attack_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2017_Westminster_attack_map.png/220px-2017_Westminster_attack_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2017_Westminster_attack_map.png/330px-2017_Westminster_attack_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2017_Westminster_attack_map.png/440px-2017_Westminster_attack_map.png 2x" data-file-width="2590" data-file-height="1885" /></a><figcaption>Each stage of the attack and Masood's route through Westminster</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:418px;max-width:418px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Ben,Westminster_Bridge_Road,_Westminster,_London_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Big_Ben%2CWestminster_Bridge_Road%2C_Westminster%2C_London_-_panoramio.jpg/200px-Big_Ben%2CWestminster_Bridge_Road%2C_Westminster%2C_London_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Big_Ben%2CWestminster_Bridge_Road%2C_Westminster%2C_London_-_panoramio.jpg/300px-Big_Ben%2CWestminster_Bridge_Road%2C_Westminster%2C_London_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Big_Ben%2CWestminster_Bridge_Road%2C_Westminster%2C_London_-_panoramio.jpg/400px-Big_Ben%2CWestminster_Bridge_Road%2C_Westminster%2C_London_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Bridge" title="Westminster Bridge">Westminster Bridge</a>, Bridge Street and the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a>, the main locations where the attack took place</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:212px;max-width:212px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Palace_Yard,_Westminster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/New_Palace_Yard%2C_Westminster.jpg/210px-New_Palace_Yard%2C_Westminster.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/New_Palace_Yard%2C_Westminster.jpg/315px-New_Palace_Yard%2C_Westminster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/New_Palace_Yard%2C_Westminster.jpg/420px-New_Palace_Yard%2C_Westminster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4541" data-file-height="3252" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/New_Palace_Yard" title="New Palace Yard">New Palace Yard</a>, where the knife attack and shooting by police took place</div></div></div></div></div> At 14:40 <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">local time</a> on 22 March 2017,<a href="#cite_note-90_seconds-6">[6]</a> a grey <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Tucson" title="Hyundai Tucson">Hyundai Tucson</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Car_hire-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-How_82_seconds-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> hired in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Car_hire-7">[7]</a> was driven at up to 76 miles per hour (122 km/h)<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> into pedestrians along the <a href="/wiki/Sidewalk" title="Sidewalk">pavement</a> on the south side of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Bridge" title="Westminster Bridge">Westminster Bridge</a> and Bridge Street, causing multiple casualties.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-five_dead_others-13">[13]</a> One of the victims, a Romanian tourist, was thrown by the car's impact over the parapet of the bridge into the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> below. Having been knocked unconscious and sustained severe injuries from the fall, she was rescued by the crew of a river cruise and brought aboard a <a href="/wiki/London_Fire_Brigade" title="London Fire Brigade">London Fire Brigade</a> boat.<a href="#cite_note-How_82_seconds-8">[8]</a> She later died in hospital from her injuries.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> The car continued, and crashed into railings on Bridge Street at the north perimeter of the Palace of Westminster.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Masood, wearing black clothes, got out of the car and ran around the corner into Parliament Square and through the open Carriage Gates where he fatally stabbed an unarmed police officer, <a href="/wiki/Constable#United_Kingdom" title="Constable">PC</a> <a href="/wiki/Keith_Palmer_(police_officer)" title="Keith Palmer (police officer)">Keith Palmer</a>. An armed police officer (believed to have been the <a href="/wiki/Protection_Command" title="Protection Command">Metropolitan Police close protection officer</a> for the then <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Secretary of State for Defence</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Fallon" title="Michael Fallon">Michael Fallon</a><a href="#cite_note-Rayner-16">[16]</a>) witnessed the stabbing, ran towards the scene and shot Masood dead.<a href="#cite_note-Rayner-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-Boyle-18">[18]</a> The entire attack lasted 82 seconds.<a href="#cite_note-90_seconds-6">[6]</a> Despite attempts to resuscitate him, Masood died at the scene having been hit by all three shots fired by police. The first bullet, which struck his upper torso, was believed to be the cause of death;<a href="#cite_note-shot-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-tele1-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sparrow-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> he was pronounced dead at 15:35 at hospital.<a href="#cite_note-Grierson-23">[23]</a> Passers-by, including MP <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Ellwood" title="Tobias Ellwood">Tobias Ellwood</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign and Commonwealth Office">Foreign Minister for the Middle East and Africa</a>) and paramedics, attempted to revive PC Palmer, also without success.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sparrow-21">[21]</a> Police later confirmed that PC Palmer had been wearing a protective vest, which did not appear to have been punctured in the attack.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a>, the Prime Minister, who was in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">Commons</a> for a vote, was evacuated by her security team in the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Ministerial_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Ministerial car">Prime Ministerial car</a>,<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> and taken to <a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Additional <a href="/wiki/Authorised_Firearms_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Authorised Firearms Officer">armed police</a> officers arrived,<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_23_March-28">[28]</a> including <a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorist_Specialist_Firearms_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter Terrorist Specialist Firearms Officer">Counter Terrorist Specialist Firearms Officers</a> who were on scene within 6 minutes.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> An air ambulance from <a href="/wiki/London%27s_Air_Ambulance" class="mw-redirect" title="London's Air Ambulance">London HEMS</a> attended the scene, landing in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Square" title="Parliament Square">Parliament Square</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Parliament was suspended and MPs remained in the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster#Commons_Chamber" title="Palace of Westminster">Commons debating chamber</a> as a precaution.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Parliamentary staff were confined to their offices; journalists and visitors to Parliament were not permitted to leave the building. Some were later evacuated to <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_for_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly for Wales">National Assembly for Wales</a> also suspended their proceedings that afternoon.<a href="#cite_note-Holyrood-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cardiff-33">[33]</a> The UK government's emergency <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Office_Briefing_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet Office Briefing Room">Cabinet Office Briefing Room</a> (COBRA) committee, chaired by the Prime Minister, met in response to the attack.<a href="#cite_note-Boyle-18">[18]</a> It was decided there was no need for the threat level to be raised as a result of the attack.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_23_March-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Casualties">Casualties</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Casualties">edit</a>]</div> <table class="sortable wikitable floatright" style="font-size:90%;"> <caption>Reported casualties by nationality </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Nationality </th> <th style="text-align:center;">Dead </th> <th style="text-align:center;">Injured </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">British<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a> </td> <th>4<a href="#cite_note-incl-35">[a]</a> </th> <th>12 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">American<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a> </td> <th>1 </th> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Romanian<a href="#cite_note-CristeaTelegraph-36">[35]</a> </td> <th>1 </th> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">South Korean<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>4 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">French<a href="#cite_note-auto1-37">[36]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>3 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Greek<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>2 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Italian<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>2 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Australian<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Chinese<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Irish<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Polish<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Portuguese<a href="#cite_note-Auto-42">[41]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Not stated<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a> </td> <th> </th> <th>18 </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th style="text-align:left;">Total<a href="#cite_note-injuries-34">[34]</a> </th> <th>6<a href="#cite_note-incl-35">[a]</a> </th> <th>48 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-incl-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-incl_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-incl_35-1">b</a> Includes attacker </li> </ol></div></div> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fatalities">Fatalities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fatalities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Keith_Palmer%27s_funeral_(003).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Keith_Palmer%27s_funeral_%28003%29.jpg/220px-Keith_Palmer%27s_funeral_%28003%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Keith_Palmer%27s_funeral_%28003%29.jpg/330px-Keith_Palmer%27s_funeral_%28003%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Keith_Palmer%27s_funeral_%28003%29.jpg/440px-Keith_Palmer%27s_funeral_%28003%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption>The hearse carrying PC <a href="/wiki/Keith_Palmer_(police_officer)" title="Keith Palmer (police officer)">Keith Palmer</a> en route to Southwark Cathedral</figcaption></figure> Six people, including the attacker, died as a result of the incident, and around 50 others were injured, some of them severely. Of the five people killed by the attacker, three were <a href="/wiki/British_national" class="mw-redirect" title="British national">British nationals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-five_dead_others-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a> One of the dead was a teacher believed to have been walking along the bridge to pick up her children from school.<a href="#cite_note-Frade-43">[42]</a> A tourist from the United States also died; he was visiting London from <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> to celebrate his 25th anniversary with his wife, who was among the injured.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> The fourth victim was a 75-year-old man from <a href="/wiki/Clapham" title="Clapham">Clapham</a> in south-west London, who was hit by the car and later died in hospital after his <a href="/wiki/Life_support" title="Life support">life support</a> was switched off.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> A fifth victim, a 31-year-old tourist from Romania, fell into the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thames</a> during the attack; she died in hospital as a result of her injuries on 6 April after her life support was withdrawn. Her Romanian boyfriend, who had planned to propose marriage during their trip to London, was also injured during the attack.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-CristeaTelegraph-36">[35]</a> The police officer killed was PC <a href="/wiki/Keith_Palmer_(police_officer)" title="Keith Palmer (police officer)">Keith Palmer</a>, 48, an <a href="/wiki/Police_use_of_firearms_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom">unarmed</a> police officer who was on duty with the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_and_Diplomatic_Protection" title="Parliamentary and Diplomatic Protection">Parliamentary and Diplomatic Protection</a> command.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-Batchelor-49">[48]</a> Palmer had 15 years of experience in the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Police Service">Metropolitan Police Service</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tele1-20">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Injuries">Injuries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Injuries">edit</a>]</div> A dozen people received serious injuries, some described as "catastrophic",<a href="#cite_note-Boyle-18">[18]</a> and eight others were treated for less serious injuries at the scene.<a href="#cite_note-Sparrow-21">[21]</a> Injured members of the public were taken to <a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27_Hospital" title="St Thomas' Hospital">St Thomas' Hospital</a>, which is located immediately across Westminster Bridge in <a href="/wiki/Lambeth" title="Lambeth">Lambeth</a>, and to <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a> (which declared a 'major incident' in its designated trauma centre), <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Hospital,_London" title="St Mary's Hospital, London">St Mary's Hospital</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Hospital" title="Royal London Hospital">Royal London Hospital</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_and_Westminster_Hospital" title="Chelsea and Westminster Hospital">Chelsea and Westminster Hospital</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sparrow-21">[21]</a> Three French students, from <a href="/wiki/Concarneau" title="Concarneau">Concarneau</a> in Brittany, were among those injured;<a href="#cite_note-lesechos.fr-50">[49]</a> others included three police officers who were returning from a commendation ceremony, four students from <a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_University" title="Edge Hill University">Edge Hill University</a> in Lancashire, and the wife of the American who was killed.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sparrow-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perpetrator"> Perpetrator</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Perpetrator">edit</a>]</div> The attacker was identified by the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a> as Khalid Masood, a 52-year-old <a href="/wiki/Black_British_people" title="Black British people">Black Briton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sparrow2-52">[51]</a> He was born Adrian Russell Elms to a single mother but used his stepfather's surname, Ajao, interchangeably with Elms from the age of two.<a href="#cite_note-news.com.au-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBCNews-54">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNN-55">[54]</a> He changed his name to Khalid Masood after converting to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. Police said he also used several other aliases, including Khalid Choudry.<a href="#cite_note-news.com.au-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-Independent-56">[55]</a> Masood was born in <a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a>, and brought up in <a href="/wiki/Rye,_East_Sussex" title="Rye, East Sussex">Rye</a>, East Sussex, and later attended secondary school in <a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a> in Kent. Latterly, he lived in the West Midlands.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> He dropped out of school at 16 and by 18 was described as a heavy <a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">cocaine</a> user.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> He was sentenced to two years in prison in 2000 for <a href="/wiki/Grievous_bodily_harm" title="Grievous bodily harm">grievous bodily harm</a> during a knife attack in a public house in <a href="/wiki/Northiam" title="Northiam">Northiam</a> in Sussex. In 2003, he was sentenced to six months in prison for possession of an offensive weapon following another knife attack in <a href="/wiki/Eastbourne" title="Eastbourne">Eastbourne</a> in Sussex.<a href="#cite_note-auto-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-tele2-60">[59]</a> He also had convictions for <a href="/wiki/Public-order_crime" title="Public-order crime">public order offences</a> going back to 1983.<a href="#cite_note-auto-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-tele2-60">[59]</a> He <a href="/wiki/Conversion_to_Islam_in_prisons" title="Conversion to Islam in prisons">converted to Islam while in prison</a><a href="#cite_note-Anderson_report-61">[60]</a> although police found no evidence to suggest he became <a href="/wiki/Radicalization" title="Radicalization">radicalised</a> there.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News_27_03_2017-62">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-Evening_Standard_2017-63">[62]</a> He changed his name to Khalid Masood in 2005. Masood taught English in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> from November 2005 to November 2006, and again from April 2008 to April 2009,<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-65">[64]</a> after which he worked at a college <a href="/wiki/Teaching_English_as_a_foreign_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Teaching English as a foreign language">teaching English as a foreign language</a> in <a href="/wiki/Luton" title="Luton">Luton</a>, England.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> In early March 2015, he made a brief trip to Saudi Arabia on an <a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a> visa, normally issued to those making a pilgrimage to <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBCNews-54">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-65">[64]</a> In 2010, Masood was described as a "peripheral figure" in a <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">MI5</a> investigation of a group of Islamists later convicted of plotting to bomb a <a href="/wiki/Army_Reserve_(United_Kingdom)" title="Army Reserve (United Kingdom)">Territorial Army</a> base in Luton. Following a risk assessment, MI5 decided he did not pose a threat.<a href="#cite_note-guardian27march-67">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-telegraph27march-68">[67]</a> The Metropolitan Police said he was not the subject of any current investigations and there was no prior intelligence about his intent to mount a terrorist attack.<a href="#cite_note-Bilefsky-69">[68]</a> He had not been convicted of any terrorism offences.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-70">[69]</a> Farasat Latif, director of the language school in Luton where Masood taught between 2010 and 2012, told <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> that when Masood lived in Luton he was apolitical and not aligned with the younger and predominantly Asian local radical Islamist group <a href="/wiki/Al-Muhajiroun" title="Al-Muhajiroun">Al-Muhajiroun</a>. Although aware of violence in Masood's past, Latif had only seen him become angry once, when Masood learnt of plans for a march by the <a href="/wiki/English_Defence_League" title="English Defence League">English Defence League</a> through Luton.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> Between 2012 and 2016, Masood appeared in MI5 investigations as a contact of individuals linked to Al-Muhajiroun.<a href="#cite_note-Anderson_report-61">[60]</a> Masood carried out reconnaissance of Westminster Bridge in person and online three days before the attack,<a href="#cite_note-Anderson_report-61">[60]</a> He spent the night before the attack at the Preston Park Hotel in <a href="/wiki/Brighton" title="Brighton">Brighton</a>, Sussex and was described as "laughing and joking" by the manager there.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> He had taken <a href="/wiki/Anabolic_steroids" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabolic steroids">anabolic steroids</a> in the days and hours before the attack.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> Masood, at 52, was atypical in that most jihadi terrorists are under 35.<a href="#cite_note-Gdn23317-74">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Motive">Motive</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Motive">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm/220px--WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="41" data-mwtitle="WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="852" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="852" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm/WATCH_-_Scotland_Yard_counterterrorism_investigation.webmhd.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>The first media and public briefing from the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Police Service">Metropolitan Police Service</a>, provided by Commander Ben-Julian Harrington at <a href="/wiki/New_Scotland_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="New Scotland Yard">New Scotland Yard</a> following the attack</figcaption></figure> On 22 March, the day of the attack, the Metropolitan Police said it believed the attack was inspired by "international terrorism"<a href="#cite_note-MetNews-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-wls-76">[75]</a> and that they were working under the assumption that it was "Islamist-related terrorism".<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-hansard-dayafter-79">[78]</a> On 23 March, the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State</a>-associated <a href="/wiki/Amaq_News_Agency" title="Amaq News Agency">Amaq News Agency</a> announced that the attacker was "a soldier of the Islamic State, executing the operation in response to calls to target citizens of coalition nations".<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary">Home Secretary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amber_Rudd" title="Amber Rudd">Amber Rudd</a>, cast doubts on this claim.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> Analysts monitoring Islamic State online said the claim appeared to be an effort to mask its losses in Iraq and Syria, adding that the lack of biographical information on the attacker and lack of specifics about the attack suggested it was not directly involved.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> Describing Masood as a "terrorist",<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> the Metropolitan Police said it was investigating whether he was a <a href="/wiki/Lone_wolf_(terrorism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lone wolf (terrorism)">lone actor</a> inspired by terrorist propaganda or was being directed by others.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> On 25 March, <a href="/wiki/Neil_Basu" title="Neil Basu">Neil Basu</a>, Deputy Assistant Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police and Senior National Coordinator for UK Counter-Terrorism Policing, announced that investigators believed Masood acted alone.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> On 27 March, Basu announced that Masood clearly had an interest in <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihad</a>, that his methods echoed the rhetoric of Islamic State leaders and that investigators have found no evidence he was linked with it or <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MetNews27March-86">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian27march-67">[66]</a> The security services later recovered the last <a href="/wiki/WhatsApp" title="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</a> message sent by Masood shortly before his attack. In it, Masood reportedly said he was waging jihad in revenge for Western military action in Muslim countries of the Middle East.<a href="#cite_note-ind-textmessage-1">[1]</a> He had written a document named "Jihad in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a>", with his photograph on the front page and multiple extracts from the Quran that could be seen as supportive of jihad and martyrdom. He sent this document to numerous contacts a few minutes before the attack.<a href="#cite_note-Anderson_report-61">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial_reports">Initial reports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Initial reports">edit</a>]</div> Some early reports gave descriptions of two supposed attackers, one described as a "bald white man" and another as a "black man with goatee beard".<a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a> On the morning after the attack, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rowley" title="Mark Rowley">Mark Rowley</a>, the Metropolitan Police's <a href="/wiki/Assistant_Commissioner_of_Police_of_the_Metropolis" title="Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis">Assistant Commissioner</a> for <a href="/wiki/Specialist_Operations" title="Specialist Operations">Specialist Operations</a>, stated that the police believed the attacker acted alone.<a href="#cite_note-MetNews-75">[74]</a> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Izzadeen" title="Abu Izzadeen">Abu Izzadeen</a> was also erroneously identified as the attacker on social media, <a href="/wiki/Channel_4_News" title="Channel 4 News">Channel 4 News</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> shortly after the attack, although Izzadeen was actually in prison at the time.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> In April 2017, <a href="/wiki/OFCOM" class="mw-redirect" title="OFCOM">OFCOM</a> announced an investigation into the Channel 4 News naming of Izzadeen.<a href="#cite_note-Metro6551917-88">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Investigation">Investigation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Investigation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Birmingham_Hagley_Road_Flat_Media_and_Police_on_2017-03-23_11.27.45.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Birmingham_Hagley_Road_Flat_Media_and_Police_on_2017-03-23_11.27.45.jpg/220px-Birmingham_Hagley_Road_Flat_Media_and_Police_on_2017-03-23_11.27.45.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Birmingham_Hagley_Road_Flat_Media_and_Police_on_2017-03-23_11.27.45.jpg/330px-Birmingham_Hagley_Road_Flat_Media_and_Police_on_2017-03-23_11.27.45.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Birmingham_Hagley_Road_Flat_Media_and_Police_on_2017-03-23_11.27.45.jpg/440px-Birmingham_Hagley_Road_Flat_Media_and_Police_on_2017-03-23_11.27.45.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Police and media outside the Hagley Road premises that were raided on 22 March, seen on the morning following the raid</figcaption></figure> At 23:00 on 22 March, <a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_Police" title="West Midlands Police">West Midlands Police</a> raided a flat in <a href="/wiki/Hagley_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagley Road">Hagley Road</a>, Birmingham. By the morning of 23 March, six locations in East London and Birmingham had been raided resulting in the arrests of eight people on suspicion of preparing terrorist acts.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-39355505-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sparrow2-52">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_eight_held-89">[88]</a> Officials also carried out searches in London, <a href="/wiki/Brighton" title="Brighton">Brighton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carmarthenshire" title="Carmarthenshire">Carmarthenshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-wales-90">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sparrow2-52">[51]</a> The investigation was named Operation Classific. By 24 March, three further arrests had taken place, two men overnight in the West Midlands and <a href="/wiki/North_West_England" title="North West England">North West England</a> and a woman during the day in <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> A woman, arrested earlier in East London, was released on bail.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> Later on 24 March, seven of those initially arrested were released without further action and the woman arrested in Manchester was released on bail.<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-tele1-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBCNews-54">[53]</a> By 25 March, only one man from Birmingham remained in custody and the woman on bail from East London had been removed from police enquiries. Up to that point in the investigation, 2,700 items had been seized and 3,500 witnesses had been contacted.<a href="#cite_note-90_seconds-6">[6]</a> A further arrest was made in Birmingham on 26 March.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> By 1 April, all twelve suspects arrested after the attack had been released without charge.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inquests">Inquests</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Inquests">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Inquests_in_England_and_Wales" title="Inquests in England and Wales">Inquests</a> for the dead victims were opened and adjourned on 29 March 2017, and into Masood's death the following day,<a href="#cite_note-Grierson-23">[23]</a> both under the <a href="/wiki/Coroner" title="Coroner">Senior Coroner</a> for Westminster, Fiona Wilcox.<a href="#cite_note-Grierson-23">[23]</a> On 12 October 2018, the jury at the inquest into Masood's death, held under the direction of the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Coroner_of_England_and_Wales" title="Chief Coroner of England and Wales">Chief Coroner of England and Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lucraft" title="Mark Lucraft">Mark Lucraft</a>, found that Masood had been lawfully killed by a minister's close protection officer identified only as SA74. Two plain-clothed armed officers from the <a href="/wiki/Protection_Command" title="Protection Command">Royalty and Specialist Protection</a> branch of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a> became aware of the ongoing attack; SA74 recounted to the court how Masood had ignored shouted warnings and how he had opened fire in response to Masood running towards him brandishing a knife.<a href="#cite_note-Gdn121018-96">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Reactions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parliament_Square_floral_tributes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Parliament_Square_floral_tributes.jpg/220px-Parliament_Square_floral_tributes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Parliament_Square_floral_tributes.jpg/330px-Parliament_Square_floral_tributes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Parliament_Square_floral_tributes.jpg/440px-Parliament_Square_floral_tributes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4392" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Floral tributes left in Parliament Square following the attack</figcaption></figure> Reactions to the attack expressed shock and outrage, and characterised it as an attack against liberty, freedom of speech, and democracy.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic">Domestic</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Domestic">edit</a>]</div> Both the House of Commons and the House of Lords resumed their normal functions on 23 March, the day after the attack.<a href="#cite_note-tele1-20">[20]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Moment_of_silence" title="Moment of silence">one-minute silence</a> in honour of the dead was observed in Parliament, and by London's emergency services, at 09:33. The time was selected to coincide with the start of the day's official parliamentary business.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Theresa_May_reaction-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-hansard-dayafter-79">[78]</a> In the morning session of parliament, Prime Minister Theresa May said that, "Yesterday an act of terrorism tried to silence our democracy, but today we meet as normal ... to deliver a simple message: We are not afraid and our resolve will never waver in the face of terrorism."<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Theresa_May_reaction-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-hansard-dayafter-79">[78]</a> In a later statement following the <a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">2017 London Bridge attack</a>, May stated that all three recent attacks were "bound together by the single evil ideology of Islamic extremism".<a href="#cite_note-MayIslamismJune04-100">[99]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Labour_party_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour party (United Kingdom)">Labour</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a>, described the attack as "an appalling atrocity".<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Theresa_May_reaction-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-hansard-dayafter-79">[78]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)#United_Kingdom" title="Speaker (politics)">speakers of both Houses of Parliament</a> jointly offered sympathy to those affected, and thanked the emergency services.<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> The Scottish Parliament suspended the day's proceedings, including a debate on <a href="/wiki/Proposed_second_Scottish_independence_referendum" title="Proposed second Scottish independence referendum">a second independence referendum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> Some MSPs who opposed the decision to suspend parliament said that doing so was "giving in to terrorism".<a href="#cite_note-BBC39363452-103">[102]</a> On 23 March, Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim and Sikh faith leaders met officers at Scotland Yard to discuss responses to the attack.<a href="#cite_note-GdnMuslimLeaders-104">[103]</a> Muslim groups, including the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Council_of_Britain" title="Muslim Council of Britain">Muslim Council of Britain</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Sparrow-21">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadi Muslims UK</a>,<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> and individual mosques across the country condemned the attack.<a href="#cite_note-GdnMuslimLeaders-104">[103]</a> That evening, there was a public candlelit vigil in <a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Square" title="Trafalgar Square">Trafalgar Square</a> to honour victims of the attack. It was led by the Mayor of London <a href="/wiki/Sadiq_Khan" title="Sadiq Khan">Sadiq Khan</a>, the Home Secretary <a href="/wiki/Amber_Rudd" title="Amber Rudd">Amber Rudd</a> and the Acting Metropolitan Commissioner <a href="/wiki/Craig_Mackey" title="Craig Mackey">Craig Mackey</a> and attended by leaders of different faiths.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Candlelit_vigil_in_Trafalgar_Square_March_23rd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Candlelit vigil in Trafalgar Square 23 March" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Candlelit_vigil_in_Trafalgar_Square_March_23rd.jpg/170px-Candlelit_vigil_in_Trafalgar_Square_March_23rd.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Candlelit_vigil_in_Trafalgar_Square_March_23rd.jpg/255px-Candlelit_vigil_in_Trafalgar_Square_March_23rd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Candlelit_vigil_in_Trafalgar_Square_March_23rd.jpg/340px-Candlelit_vigil_in_Trafalgar_Square_March_23rd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="754" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Candlelit vigil in Trafalgar Square on 23 March</figcaption></figure> The Metropolitan Police honoured PC Palmer by retiring his shoulder number 4157U; <a href="/wiki/Charlton_Athletic_F.C." title="Charlton Athletic F.C.">Charlton Athletic F.C.</a> announced that his <a href="/wiki/Season_ticket" title="Season ticket">season ticket</a> seat at the <a href="/wiki/The_Valley_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Valley (London)">Valley</a> would not be occupied at the club's next home game, but would instead have a club scarf placed over it as a mark of respect.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> A <a href="/wiki/JustGiving" title="JustGiving">JustGiving</a> fund was set up, with the target of raising £100,000 for his family, a goal attained in less than 24 hours.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-70">[69]</a> A group called "Muslims United for London" also raised over £29,000 to support victims and victims' families, releasing a statement saying, "The British Muslim community stands with the community during these difficult times".<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> Home Secretary Amber Rudd announced that PC Palmer would be remembered at the <a href="/wiki/National_Memorial_Arboretum" title="National Memorial Arboretum">National Memorial Arboretum</a>'s UK Police Memorial in <a href="/wiki/Staffordshire" title="Staffordshire">Staffordshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> On 24 March, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Charles" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Charles">Prince Charles</a> visited victims of the attack at <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_Hospital" title="King's College Hospital">King's College Hospital</a>;<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Ellwood" title="Tobias Ellwood">Tobias Ellwood</a> was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Privy Council</a> for his role in rendering aid to PC Palmer, as was security minister <a href="/wiki/Ben_Wallace_(politician)" title="Ben Wallace (politician)">Ben Wallace</a> MP, who helped co-ordinate the government response.<a href="#cite_note-Agerholm-114">[113]</a> On 26 March, in an event organised by Women's March on London, roughly 100 women, including many Muslims, joined hands to form a <a href="/wiki/Human_chain_(politics)" title="Human chain (politics)">chain</a> along Westminster Bridge and stood in silence for five minutes to pay tribute to the victims of the attack.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> Amber Rudd appeared on BBC's <a href="/wiki/The_Andrew_Marr_Show" title="The Andrew Marr Show">The Andrew Marr Show</a> to call for government <a href="/wiki/Backdoor_(computing)" title="Backdoor (computing)">backdoor access</a> to encrypted messaging services like <a href="/wiki/WhatsApp" title="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</a>, which Masood used to send a message shortly before the attack. She announced a meeting with similar technology industry leaders for 30 March, where she would persuade them to voluntarily co-operate with the government. She refused to rule out passing new legislation to this end if the companies do not comply.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-ind-textmessage-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">Prince William</a> laid a wreath at the Arboretum in honour of PC Palmer on 29 March.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/2017_Queen%27s_Birthday_Honours" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Queen's Birthday Honours">2017 Queen's Birthday Honours</a>, Palmer was posthumously awarded the <a href="/wiki/George_Medal" title="George Medal">George Medal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Westminster_Bridge,_22_March_2017_terrorist_attack_memorial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Westminster_Bridge%2C_22_March_2017_terrorist_attack_memorial.jpg/220px-Westminster_Bridge%2C_22_March_2017_terrorist_attack_memorial.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Westminster_Bridge%2C_22_March_2017_terrorist_attack_memorial.jpg/330px-Westminster_Bridge%2C_22_March_2017_terrorist_attack_memorial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Westminster_Bridge%2C_22_March_2017_terrorist_attack_memorial.jpg/440px-Westminster_Bridge%2C_22_March_2017_terrorist_attack_memorial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2666" /></a><figcaption>Westminster Bridge plaque</figcaption></figure> As part of the <a href="/wiki/2019_New_Year_Honours" title="2019 New Year Honours">2019 New Year Honours</a>, six other constables, Andy Dunmore, John Kenealy, Stephen Marsh, Mary Mayes, Richard Moore, and Jerry Pearce, received the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire_Medal" title="British Empire Medal">British Empire Medal</a> following the attack, and PC Nick Carlisle was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Police_Medal_for_Distinguished_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Police Medal for Distinguished Service">Queen's Police Medal for Distinguished Service</a>. Acting Detective Sergeant Zac Idun, nurse Joy Ongcachuy, Peter Boorman of <a href="/wiki/NHS_England" title="NHS England">NHS England</a>, and Claire Summers were all made <a href="/wiki/OBE" class="mw-redirect" title="OBE">OBEs</a> for services in investigating the attacks and assisting the victims and their families.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-2019-new-year-honours-122">[121]</a> On 22 March 2022, the five year anniversary of the attack, a memorial service was held,<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> and a memorial plaque installed on Westminster Bridge.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International">International</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: International">edit</a>]</div> In addition to the expressions of shock, support, solidarity and sympathy offered by many national governments and heads of state,<a href="#cite_note-163">[a]</a> the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> observed a minute of silence at its morning meeting on 23 March.<a href="#cite_note-164">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[163]</a> The attack was denounced by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> President <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Jean-Claude Juncker</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphDJT-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jordan-147">[146]</a> On the evening of the attack, the <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg_Gate" title="Brandenburg Gate">Brandenburg Gate</a> in Germany and <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_City_Hall" title="Tel Aviv City Hall">Tel Aviv City Hall</a> in Israel were illuminated with the <a href="/wiki/Union_Jack" title="Union Jack">Union Jack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[164]</a> At midnight that evening, the <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a>'s lights were switched off to honour those killed in the London attack.<a href="#cite_note-167">[165]</a> On 23 March, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marc_Ayrault" title="Jean-Marc Ayrault">Jean-Marc Ayrault</a>, France's <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Development_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development (France)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a>, came to London, where he first visited the hospital where three French high school students injured in the attack were being treated and later attended the morning session in the House of Commons.<a href="#cite_note-168">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Documentary">Documentary</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Documentary">edit</a>]</div> The BBC TV documentary series Hospital was filming a routine meeting at <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Hospital,_London" title="St Mary's Hospital, London">St Mary's</a> when the attack occurred; within minutes St Mary's declared a "major incident", one of several central London hospitals to do so. The cameras recorded the involvement of the <a href="/wiki/Emergency_department" title="Emergency department">emergency department</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intensive_care" class="mw-redirect" title="Intensive care">intensive care</a> staff over the next few hours, and then followed the cases of three patients until their discharge. This episode was broadcast in June 2017.<a href="#cite_note-170">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/30px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/46px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/61px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="558" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Law" title="Portal:Law">Law portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster,_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/16px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/24px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/33px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="427" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Downing_Street_mortar_attack" title="Downing Street mortar attack">Downing Street mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Houses_of_Parliament_bombing" title="1974 Houses of Parliament bombing">1974 Houses of Parliament bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_police_officers_killed_in_the_line_of_duty" title="List of British police officers killed in the line of duty">List of British police officers killed in the line of duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_Great_Britain" title="List of terrorist incidents in Great Britain">List of terrorist incidents in Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_London" title="List of terrorist incidents in London">List of terrorist incidents in London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle-ramming_attack" title="Vehicle-ramming attack">List of vehicle-ramming attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_attacks_on_legislatures" title="List of attacks on legislatures">List of attacks on legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabbing_as_a_terrorist_tactic" title="Stabbing as a terrorist tactic">Stabbing as a terrorist tactic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> These included the governments and heads of state of: Algeria,<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> Argentina,<a href="#cite_note-MFA_Argentina-126">[125]</a> Armenia,<a href="#cite_note-Armenia-condolence-127">[126]</a> Australia,<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> Canada,<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> China,<a href="#cite_note-AP-130">[129]</a> Colombia,<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> Czech Republic,<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> Denmark,<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> East Timor,<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> Egypt,<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> Finland,<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> France,<a href="#cite_note-tele1-20">[20]</a> Germany,<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> Hungary,<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> India,<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> Indonesia,<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> Iran,<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> Ireland,<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> Israel,<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> Italy,<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> Japan,<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> Jordan,<a href="#cite_note-Jordan-147">[146]</a> Laos,<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> Malaysia,<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> the Netherlands,<a href="#cite_note-Telegraaf27858452-150">[149]</a> New Zealand,<a href="#cite_note-AP-130">[129]</a> Pakistan,<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> Philippines,<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> Poland,<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphDJT-153">[152]</a> Romania,<a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> Russia,<a href="#cite_note-Russia_and_Turkey_statements-155">[154]</a> Saudi Arabia,<a href="#cite_note-Jordan-147">[146]</a> Singapore,<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> South Korea,<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> Spain,<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphDJT-153">[152]</a> Sweden,<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> Thailand,<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> Tunisia,<a href="#cite_note-Lettre_Tunisie-160">[159]</a> Turkey,<a href="#cite_note-Russia_and_Turkey_statements-155">[154]</a> Ukraine,<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> the United States<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphDJT-153">[152]</a> and Vietnam.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ind-textmessage-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ind-textmessage_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ind-textmessage_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ind-textmessage_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ind-textmessage_1-3">d</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSengupta2017" class="citation news cs1">Sengupta, Kim (27 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/last-message-left-by-westminster-attacker-khalid-masood-uncovered-by-security-agencies-a7706561.html">"Last message left by Westminster attacker Khalid Masood uncovered by security agencies"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/last-message-left-by-westminster-attacker-khalid-masood-uncovered-by-security-agencies-a7706561.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. 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Capital (in French). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capital.fr/a-la-une/actualites/parlement-britannique-a-londres-des-coups-de-feu-plusieurs-blesses-1215935">the original</a> on 22 March 2017. 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Retrieved 24 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PH+condemns+London+attack&rft.pub=ABS-CBN+News&rft.date=2017-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F03%2F24%2F17%2Fph-condemns-london-attack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TelegraphDJT-153">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TelegraphDJT_153-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TelegraphDJT_153-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TelegraphDJT_153-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TelegraphDJT_153-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson2017" class="citation news cs1">Henderson, Barney (23 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/22/world-reacts-shock-solidarity-westminster-terror-attack/">"Donald Trump offers Theresa May full US cooperation and support: world reaction to Westminster terror attack"</a>. The Daily Telegraph.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Donald+Trump+offers+Theresa+May+full+US+cooperation+and+support%3A+world+reaction+to+Westminster+terror+attack&rft.date=2017-03-23&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=Barney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F03%2F22%2Fworld-reacts-shock-solidarity-westminster-terror-attack%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ro/ro/presedinte/agenda-presedintelui/convorbirea-telefonica-intre-presedintele-romaniei-domnul-klaus-iohannis-si-prim-ministrul-regatului-unit-al-marii-britanii-si-irlandei-de-nord-doamna-theresa-may">"Convorbirea telefonică între Președintele României, domnul Klaus Iohannis, și Prim-ministrul Regatului Unit al Marii Britanii şi Irlandei de Nord, doamna Theresa May"</a> (in Romanian). 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Retrieved 23 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Convorbirea+telefonic%C4%83+%C3%AEntre+Pre%C8%99edintele+Rom%C3%A2niei%2C+domnul+Klaus+Iohannis%2C+%C8%99i+Prim-ministrul+Regatului+Unit+al+Marii+Britanii+%C5%9Fi+Irlandei+de+Nord%2C+doamna+Theresa+May&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ro%2Fro%2Fpresedinte%2Fagenda-presedintelui%2Fconvorbirea-telefonica-intre-presedintele-romaniei-domnul-klaus-iohannis-si-prim-ministrul-regatului-unit-al-marii-britanii-si-irlandei-de-nord-doamna-theresa-may&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Russia_and_Turkey_statements-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Russia_and_Turkey_statements_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Russia_and_Turkey_statements_155-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Russia_and_Turkey_statements" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170323235017/http://www.wandtv.com/story/34978714/the-latest-turkish-president-condemns-london-attack">"Russia and Turkey offer condolences"</a>. WAND17. 23 March 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wandtv.com/story/34978714/the-latest-turkish-president-condemns-london-attack">the original</a> on 23 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WAND17&rft.atitle=Russia+and+Turkey+offer+condolences&rft.date=2017-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wandtv.com%2Fstory%2F34978714%2Fthe-latest-turkish-president-condemns-london-attack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLester_Wong2017" class="citation web cs1">Lester Wong (23 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/london-attacks-president-tony-tan-and-prime-minister-lee-hsien-loong-convey-their">"London attacks: President Tony Tan and Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong convey their condolences to the UK"</a>. The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=London+attacks%3A+President+Tony+Tan+and+Prime+Minister+Lee+Hsien+Loong+convey+their+condolences+to+the+UK&rft.date=2017-03-23&rft.au=Lester+Wong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fsingapore%2Flondon-attacks-president-tony-tan-and-prime-minister-lee-hsien-loong-convey-their&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2017/03/23/0301000000AEN20170323007400315.html">"S. Korea condemns London attack, vows to fight terrorism"</a>. Yonhap. 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Retrieved 23 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aftonbladet&rft.atitle=L%C3%B6fven+efter+London%3A+%22M%C3%A4nniskor+ska+k%C3%A4nna+sig+s%C3%A4kra%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aftonbladet.se%2Fnyheter%2Fsamhalle%2Fa%2Fep4MQ%2Flofven-efter-london-manniskor-ska-kanna-sig-sakra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170324111252/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/news/breakingnews/30310142">"Thai premier expresses deep sorrow on London attack"</a>. The Nation. 24 March 2017. 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Retrieved 24 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Thai+premier+expresses+deep+sorrow+on+London+attack&rft.date=2017-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationmultimedia.com%2Fnews%2Fbreakingnews%2F30310142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lettre_Tunisie-160"><a href="#cite_ref-Lettre_Tunisie_160-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessnews.com.tn/la-presidence-de-la-republique-presente-ses-condoleances-a-la-reine-de-game-of-thrones,520,71084,3">La présidence de la République présente ses condoléances à la reine de Game Of Thrones</a>, Business.com.tn, 23 March 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Ukrinform" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-accidents_and_emergencies/2198299-poroshenko-condemns-terrorist-attack-in-london.html">"President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko has condemned the terrorist attack at the Palace of Westminster and Westminster Bridge in London"</a>. 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The Belfast Telegraph. 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The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/london-westminster-attack-eiffel-tower-paris-falls-fark-solidarity-tribute-terror-victims-a7644926.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022. 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The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Hospital+review+%E2%80%93+extraordinary+TV+as+a+story+of+NHS+strain+gives+way+to+terror+in+Westminster&rft.date=2017-06-21&rft.aulast=Wollaston&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftv-and-radio%2F2017%2Fjun%2F21%2Fhospital-review-westminster-attack-terrorist-incident&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2017+Westminster+attack" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Westminster_attack&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" title="Template:Islamic terrorism in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Islamic terrorism in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islamic terrorism in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" title="Islamic terrorism in Europe">Islamic terrorism in Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Europe" title="Terrorism in Europe">Terrorism in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" title="Islamic terrorism">Islamic terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_extremism" title="Islamic extremism">Islamic extremism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_violence" title="Islam and violence">Islam and violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihadism" title="Jihadism">Jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Spillover of the Syrian Civil War">Spillover of the Syrian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISIL-related_terrorist_attacks_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL-related terrorist attacks in France">ISIL-related terrorist attacks in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_ISIL_terror_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Brussels ISIL terror cell">Brussels ISIL terror cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannes-Torcy_cell" title="Cannes-Torcy cell">Cannes-Torcy cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_North_Caucasus" title="Insurgency in the North Caucasus">Insurgency in the North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_activities_in_Europe" title="Al-Qaeda activities in Europe">Al-Qaeda involvement in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_wolf_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Lone wolf attacks">Lone wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salafi_jihadism" title="Salafi jihadism">Salafi jihadism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attacks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Saint_Petersburg_Metro_bombing" title="2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing">2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shchelkovo_Highway_police_station_attack" title="Shchelkovo Highway police station attack">Shchelkovo Highway police station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocus_City_Hall_attack" title="Crocus City Hall attack">Crocus City Hall attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Stockholm_bombings" title="2010 Stockholm bombings">2010 Stockholm bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Copenhagen_shootings" title="2015 Copenhagen shootings">2015 Copenhagen shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Stockholm_truck_attack" title="2017 Stockholm truck attack">2017 Stockholm truck attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Turku_attack" title="2017 Turku attack">2017 Turku attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Oslo_shooting" title="2022 Oslo shooting">2022 Oslo shooting</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="UnitedKingdom" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Terrorism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_July_2005_London_bombings" title="7 July 2005 London bombings">2005 London bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Airport_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow Airport attack">Glasgow Airport attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Lee_Rigby" title="Murder of Lee Rigby">Murder of Lee Rigby</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2017 Westminster attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Arena_bombing" title="Manchester Arena bombing">Manchester Arena bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">2017 London Bridge attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsons_Green_train_bombing" title="Parsons Green train bombing">Parsons Green train bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_London_Bridge_stabbing" title="2019 London Bridge stabbing">2019 London Bridge stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Streatham_stabbing" title="2020 Streatham stabbing">2020 Streatham stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Reading_stabbings" title="2020 Reading stabbings">2020 Reading stabbings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_David_Amess" title="Murder of David Amess">Murder of David Amess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2003_Istanbul_bombings" title="2003 Istanbul bombings">2003 Istanbul bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Madrid_train_bombings" title="2004 Madrid train bombings">2004 Madrid train bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Barcelona_attacks" title="2017 Barcelona attacks">2017 Barcelona attacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Vienna_attack" title="2020 Vienna attack">2020 Vienna attack</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Terrorist_activity_in_Belgium" title="Terrorist activity in Belgium">Belgium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_of_Belgium_shooting" title="Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting">Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Brussels_bombings" title="2016 Brussels bombings">2016 Brussels bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_stabbing_of_Charleroi_police_officers" title="2016 stabbing of Charleroi police officers">2016 stabbing of Charleroi police officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_stabbing_of_Brussels_police_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 stabbing of Brussels police officers">2016 stabbing of Brussels police officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2017_Brussels_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="June 2017 Brussels attack">June 2017 Brussels attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2017_Brussels_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="August 2017 Brussels attack">August 2017 Brussels attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Li%C3%A8ge_attack" title="2018 Liège attack">2018 Liège attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_France" title="List of terrorist incidents in France">France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_France_Flight_8969" title="Air France Flight 8969">Air France Flight 8969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_France_bombings" title="1995 France bombings">1995 bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toulouse_and_Montauban_shootings" title="Toulouse and Montauban shootings">Toulouse and Montauban shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_La_D%C3%A9fense_attack" title="2013 La Défense attack">2013 La Défense attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Tours_police_station_stabbing" title="2014 Tours police station stabbing">2014 Tours police station stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2015_%C3%8Ele-de-France_attacks" title="January 2015 Île-de-France attacks">2015 Île-de-France attacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Hebdo_shooting" title="Charlie Hebdo shooting">Charlie Hebdo shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypercacher_kosher_supermarket_siege" title="Hypercacher kosher supermarket siege">Hypercacher siege</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Nice_stabbing" title="2015 Nice stabbing">2015 Nice stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Quentin-Fallavier_attack" title="Saint-Quentin-Fallavier attack">Saint-Quentin-Fallavier attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Thalys_train_attack" title="2015 Thalys train attack">2015 Thalys train attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2015_Paris_attacks" title="November 2015 Paris attacks">2015 Paris attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2016_Paris_police_station_attack" title="January 2016 Paris police station attack">2016 Paris police station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Magnanville_stabbing" title="2016 Magnanville stabbing">2016 Magnanville stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Nice_truck_attack" title="2016 Nice truck attack">2016 Nice truck attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Normandy_church_attack" title="2016 Normandy church attack">2016 Normandy church attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Orly_Airport_attack" title="2017 Orly Airport attack">2017 Orly Airport attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es_attack" title="April 2017 Champs-Élysées attack">2017 Champs-Élysées attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Notre-Dame_de_Paris_attack" title="2017 Notre-Dame de Paris attack">2017 Notre Dame attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2017_Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es_car_ramming_attack" title="June 2017 Champs-Élysées car ramming attack">2017 Champs-Élysées ramming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Levallois-Perret_attack" title="2017 Levallois-Perret attack">Levallois-Perret attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Marseille_stabbing" title="2017 Marseille stabbing">2017 Marseille stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcassonne_and_Tr%C3%A8bes_attack" title="Carcassonne and Trèbes attack">Carcassonne and Trèbes attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Paris_knife_attack" title="2018 Paris knife attack">2018 Paris knife attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Strasbourg_attack" title="2018 Strasbourg attack">2018 Strasbourg attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Lyon_bombing" title="2019 Lyon bombing">2019 Lyon bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_police_headquarters_stabbing" title="Paris police headquarters stabbing">Paris police headquarters stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Romans-sur-Is%C3%A8re_knife_attack" title="2020 Romans-sur-Isère knife attack">2020 Romans-sur-Isère knife attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Paris_stabbing_attack" title="2020 Paris stabbing attack">2020 Paris stabbing attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Samuel_Paty" title="Murder of Samuel Paty">Murder of Samuel Paty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Nice_stabbing" title="2020 Nice stabbing">2020 Nice stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambouillet_knife_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Rambouillet knife attack">Rambouillet knife attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Germany" title="Terrorism in Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Frankfurt_Airport_shooting" title="2011 Frankfurt Airport shooting">2011 Frankfurt Airport shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover_stabbing" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanover stabbing">Hanover stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg_train_attack" title="Würzburg train attack">Würzburg train attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Ansbach_bombing" title="2016 Ansbach bombing">2016 Ansbach bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Berlin_truck_attack" title="2016 Berlin truck attack">2016 Berlin truck attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Hamburg_knife_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Hamburg knife attack">2017 Hamburg knife attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Dresden_knife_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Dresden knife attack">2020 Dresden knife attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of terrorist incidents in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Gogh_(film_director)" title="Theo van Gogh (film director)">Murder of Theo van Gogh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Amsterdam_stabbing_attack" title="2018 Amsterdam stabbing attack">2018 Amsterdam stabbing attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utrecht_tram_shooting" title="Utrecht tram shooting">2019 Utrecht tram shooting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counter- terrorism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Sentinelle" title="Opération Sentinelle">Opération Sentinelle, France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vigilant_Guardian" title="Operation Vigilant Guardian">Operation Vigilant Guardian, Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Temperer" title="Operation Temperer">Operation Temperer, UK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Raids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Norway_terror_threat" title="2014 Norway terror threat">2014 anti-terrorism operations in Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2015_anti-terrorism_operations_in_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="January 2015 anti-terrorism operations in Belgium">January 2015 anti-terrorism operations in Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brussels_lockdown" class="mw-redirect" title="Brussels lockdown">Brussels lockdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Brussels_police_raids" title="2016 Brussels police raids">2016 Brussels police raids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Saint-Denis_raid" title="2015 Saint-Denis raid">2015 Saint-Denis, France raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_St._Petersburg_raid" title="2017 St. Petersburg raid">2017 Saint Petersburg raid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vehicle-ramming_attacks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vehicle-ramming_attacks" title="Template:Vehicle-ramming attacks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vehicle-ramming_attacks" title="Template talk:Vehicle-ramming attacks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vehicle-ramming_attacks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vehicle-ramming attacks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vehicle-ramming_attacks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle-ramming_attack" title="Vehicle-ramming attack">Vehicle-ramming attacks</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Hepnarov%C3%A1" title="Olga Hepnarová">Prague</a> (July 1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Grigore_case" title="Eugen Grigore case">Ciurea</a> (July 1974)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Ford" title="Priscilla Ford">Reno</a> (November 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Crabbe" title="Douglas Crabbe">Uluru</a> (August 1983)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Mesa_school_car_attack" title="Costa Mesa school car attack">Costa Mesa</a> (May 1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2001_Azor_attack" title="2001 Azor attack">Azor</a> (February 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Isla_Vista_killings" title="2001 Isla Vista killings">Isla Vista</a> (February 2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Lyon_synagogue_attack" title="2002 Lyon synagogue attack">Lyon</a> (March 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_UNC_SUV_attack" title="2006 UNC SUV attack">UNC</a> (March 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Glasgow_Airport_attack" title="2007 Glasgow Airport attack">Glasgow</a> (June 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Akihabara_massacre" title="2008 Akihabara massacre">Akihabara</a> (June 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Jerusalem_bulldozer_attack" title="2008 Jerusalem bulldozer attack">Jerusalem bulldozer</a> (July 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Kashgar_attack" title="2008 Kashgar attack">Kashgar</a> (August 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Jerusalem_BMW_attack" title="2008 Jerusalem BMW attack">Jerusalem BMW</a> (September 2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_attack_on_the_Dutch_royal_family" title="2009 attack on the Dutch royal family">Apeldoorn</a> (April 2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Hebei_tractor_rampage" title="2010 Hebei tractor rampage">Hebei</a> (August 2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Tel_Aviv_truck_attack" title="2011 Tel Aviv truck attack">Tel Aviv truck</a> (May 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Kashgar_attacks" title="2011 Kashgar attacks">Kashgar</a> (July 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Tel_Aviv_nightclub_attack" title="2011 Tel Aviv nightclub attack">Tel Aviv nightclub</a> (August 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Lee_Rigby" title="Murder of Lee Rigby">Woolwich</a> (May 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Tiananmen_Square_attack" title="2013 Tiananmen Square attack">Beijing</a> (October 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_ROC_Presidential_Office_Building_truck_attack" title="2014 ROC Presidential Office Building truck attack">Taipei</a> (January 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2014_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi_attack" title="May 2014 Ürümqi attack">Urumqi</a> (May 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Isla_Vista_killings" title="2014 Isla Vista killings">Isla Vista</a> (May 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Jerusalem_tractor_attack" title="2014 Jerusalem tractor attack">Jerusalem tractor</a> (August 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu_ramming_attack" title="2014 Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu ramming attack">Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu</a> (October 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2014_Jerusalem_vehicular_attack" title="October 2014 Jerusalem vehicular attack">Jerusalem</a> (October 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2014_Jerusalem_vehicular_attack" title="November 2014 Jerusalem vehicular attack">Jerusalem</a> (November 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Dijon_attack" title="2014 Dijon attack">Dijon</a> (December 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Nantes_attack" title="2014 Nantes attack">Nantes</a> (December 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_car_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Graz car attack">Graz</a> (June 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Oklahoma_State_University_homecoming_parade_attack" title="2015 Oklahoma State University homecoming parade attack">Oklahoma</a> (October 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Nice_truck_attack" title="2016 Nice truck attack">Nice</a> (July 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_State_University_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Ohio State University attack">Ohio</a> (November 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Berlin_truck_attack" title="2016 Berlin truck attack">Berlin</a> (December 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Jerusalem_truck_attack" title="2017 Jerusalem truck attack">Jerusalem</a> (January 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2017_Melbourne_car_attack" title="January 2017 Melbourne car attack">Melbourne</a> (January 2017)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Westminster</a> (March 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Stockholm_truck_attack" title="2017 Stockholm truck attack">Stockholm</a> (April 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Times_Square_car_attack" title="2017 Times Square car attack">Times Square</a> (May 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_London_Bridge_attack" title="2017 London Bridge attack">London Bridge</a> (June 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Finsbury_Park_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Finsbury Park attack">Finsbury Park</a> (June 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2017_Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es_car_ramming_attack" title="June 2017 Champs-Élysées car ramming attack">Paris</a> (June 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Levallois-Perret_attack" title="2017 Levallois-Perret attack">Levallois-Perret</a> (August 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlottesville_car_attack" title="Charlottesville car attack">Charlottesville</a> (August 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Sept-Sorts_car_attack" title="2017 Sept-Sorts car attack">Sept-Sorts</a> (August 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Barcelona_attacks" title="2017 Barcelona attacks">Barcelona</a> (August 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Edmonton_attack" title="2017 Edmonton attack">Edmonton</a> (September 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_New_York_City_truck_attack" title="2017 New York City truck attack">NYC</a> (October 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2017_Melbourne_car_attack" title="December 2017 Melbourne car attack">Melbourne</a> (December 2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_M%C3%BCnster_attack" title="2018 Münster attack">Munster</a> (April 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Toronto_van_attack" title="2018 Toronto van attack">Toronto</a> (April 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Westminster_car_attack" title="2018 Westminster car attack">Westminster</a> (August 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Tajikistan_tourist_attack" title="2018 Tajikistan tourist attack">Tajikistan</a> (July 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Mishui_vehicle_attack" title="2018 Mishui vehicle attack">Mishui</a> (September 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Tokyo_car_attack" title="2019 Tokyo car attack">Tokyo</a> (January 2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Zaoyang_car_attack" title="2019 Zaoyang car attack">Zaoyang</a> (March 2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Gush_Etzion_ramming_attack" title="2019 Gush Etzion ramming attack">Gush Etzion</a> (August 2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Volkmarsen_ramming_attack" title="2020 Volkmarsen ramming attack">Volkmarsen</a> (February 2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vehicle-ramming_incidents_during_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of vehicle-ramming incidents during George Floyd protests">George Floyd protests</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Trier_attack" title="2020 Trier attack">Trier</a> (December 2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_car_attack" title="2021 United States Capitol car attack">Washington, D.C.</a> (April 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_London,_Ontario_truck_attack" title="2021 London, Ontario truck attack">London, Ontario</a> (June 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Deona_Marie_Knajdek" title="Killing of Deona Marie Knajdek">Minneapolis</a> (June 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Novara_vehicle-ramming_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Novara vehicle-ramming attack">Novara</a> (June 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waukesha_Christmas_parade_attack" title="Waukesha Christmas parade attack">Waukesha</a> (November 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Beersheba_attack" title="2022 Beersheba attack">Beersheba</a> (March 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2022_Ariel_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="November 2022 Ariel attack">Ariel</a> (November 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Guangzhou_car_attack" title="2023 Guangzhou car attack">Guangzhou</a> (January 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laval_daycare_bus_crash" title="Laval daycare bus crash">Laval</a> (February 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Ramot_Junction_attack" title="2023 Ramot Junction attack">Ramot</a> (February 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Amqui_truck_attack" title="2023 Amqui truck attack">Amqui</a> (March 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Brownsville_car_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Brownsville car attack">Brownsville</a> (May 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Lafayette_Square_U-Haul_crash" title="2023 Lafayette Square U-Haul crash">Washington D.C.</a> (May 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Nottingham_attacks" title="2023 Nottingham attacks">Nottingham</a> (June 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2023_Tel_Aviv_attack" title="July 2023 Tel Aviv attack">Tel Aviv</a> (July 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Rochester_attack" title="2024 Rochester attack">Rochester</a> (January 2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ra%27anana_attack" title="2024 Ra'anana attack">Ra'anana</a> (January 2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Tel_Aviv_truck_attack" title="2024 Tel Aviv truck attack">Tel Aviv</a> (October 2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Zhuhai_car_attack" title="2024 Zhuhai car attack">Zhuhai</a> (November 2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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