Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought

<!DOCTYPE html>    <html class="no-js" lang="en">  <head>  <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <title>Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought</title> <script src="/core/vanilla/public/js/sentry.min.js"></script> <script> let isTerminated = false; window.addEventListener('pagehide', (event) => { isTerminated = !event.persisted; }, { capture: true }); const EXTRA_KEY = "ROUTE_TO"; Sentry.init({ dsn: "https://074fed417c764caaafebad958d2c0c95@o1239501.ingest.sentry.io/6395238", release: "www.cambridge.org" + "@" + "unreadable", environment: "prod", ignoreErrors: [], integrations: [Sentry.moduleMetadataIntegration()], transport: Sentry.makeMultiplexedTransport( Sentry.makeFetchTransport, (args) => { const event = args.getEvent(); if ( event && event.extra && EXTRA_KEY in event.extra && Array.isArray(event.extra[EXTRA_KEY]) ) { return event.extra[EXTRA_KEY]; } return []; }, ), beforeSend: (event) => { if (isTerminated || (window.location.protocol !== 'http:' && window.location.protocol !== 'https:')) { return null; } if (event?.exception?.values?.[0].stacktrace?.frames) { const { frames } = event.exception.values[0].stacktrace; const routeTo = frames .filter((frame) => frame.module_metadata && frame.module_metadata.dsn) .map((v) => v.module_metadata) .slice(-1); if (routeTo.length) { event.extra = { ...event.extra, [EXTRA_KEY]: routeTo, }; } } return event; }, }); </script>   <meta property="og:site_name" content="Cambridge Core"/> <meta property="og:type" content="website"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Cambridge Core - Asian Studies - Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://assets.cambridge.org/97810093/05600/large_cover/9781009305600i.jpg"/> <meta name="description" content="Cambridge Core - Asian Studies - Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought"> <meta name="citation_isbn" content="9781009305563"> <meta name="citation_isbn" content="9781009305594"> <meta name="citation_isbn" content="9781009305600"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1017/9781009305563"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Tejas Parasher"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="University of California, Los Angeles"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2023/07"> <meta name="citation_abstract" content="Between the 1910s and the 1970s, an eclectic group of Indian thinkers, constitutional reformers, and political activists articulated a theory of robustly democratic, participatory popular sovereignty. Taking parliamentary government and the modern nation-state to be prone to corruption, these thinkers advocated for ambitious federalist projects of popular government as alternatives to liberal, representative democracy. Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought is the first study of this counter-tradition of democratic politics in South Asia. Examining well-known historical figures such as Dadabhai Naoroji, M. K. Gandhi, and M. N. Roy alongside long-neglected thinkers from the Indian socialist movement, Tejas Parasher illuminates the diversity of political futures imagined at the end of the British Empire in South Asia. This book reframes the history of twentieth-century anti-colonialism in novel terms – as a contest over the nature of modern political representation – and pushes readers to rethink accepted understandings of democracy today."> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2023/07"> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Cambridge University Press"> <meta name="cover_url" content="https://assets.cambridge.org/97810093/05600/cover/9781009305600.jpg"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Addresses of the Dewans of Mysore to the Dasara Representative Assembly from 1881 to 1899, vol. I. Bangalore, 1914."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Gandhian Constitution for Free India; citation_author=Agarwal, Shriman Narayan; citation_publication_date=1946"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Gandhian Plan of Economic Development for India; citation_author=Agarwal, Shriman Narayan; citation_publication_date=1945"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Memoirs: Window on Gandhi and Nehru; citation_author=Agarwal, Shriman Narayan; citation_publication_date=1971"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Vinoba: His Life and Work; citation_author=Agarwal, Shriman Narayan; citation_publication_date=1970"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Considerations on Some Aspects of Ancient Indian Polity: Sir Subrahmanya Aiyar Lecture, 1914; citation_author=Aiyangar, K. V. Rangaswami; citation_publication_date=1916"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="All Parties’ Conference. The Nehru Report: An Anti-Separatist Manifesto. New Delhi, 1928."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=State and Government in Ancient India: From Earliest Times to c. 1200 A.D; citation_author=Altekar, A. S.; citation_publication_date=1949"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Federation versus Freedom; citation_author=Ambedkar, B. R.; citation_publication_date=1939"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Anon. The British Administration of Mysore, by a Native of Mysore. London, 1874."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Anon. “Guilds and Village Councils in Hindu India.” Times Literary Supplement (August 14, 1919), 433."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Anon. “Local Self-Government in the Bombay Presidency.” Quarterly Journal of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, vol. 2 (October 1883), 27–76."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Anon. “The Mysore Report.” Modern Review (August 1923), 232–37."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Anon. “Obituary: K.T. Shah.” Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 5, no. 11 (March 1953), 990."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Anon. The Origin, Progress, and Suppression of the Recent Disturbances in Mysore. Bangalore, 1833."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=‘The Freedom to Be Free’: The Conditions and Meaning of Revolution; citation_author=Arendt, Hannah; citation_author=Kohn, Jerome; citation_publication_date=2018; citation_inbook=Thinking without a Banister: Essays in Understanding, 1953–1975"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Public Administration in Ancient India; citation_author=Banerjea, Pramathanath; citation_publication_date=1916"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Speeches and Writings of Hon. Surendranath Banerjea, Selected by Himself; citation_author=Banerjea, Surendranath; citation_publication_date=1917"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Constitutional History of India; citation_author=Banerjee, Anil Chandra; citation_publication_date=1977"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Reminiscences, Speeches and Writings of Sir Gooroo Dass Banerjee Kt; citation_author=Banerjee, Gurudas; citation_author=Banerjee, Upendra Chandra; citation_publication_date=1927"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=John Petrov Plamenatz; citation_author=Berlin, Isaiah; citation_author=Hardy, Henry; citation_publication_date=2014; citation_inbook=Personal Impressions"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Two Concepts of Liberty; citation_author=Berlin, Isaiah; citation_author=Hardy, Henry; citation_author=Hausheer, Roger; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_inbook=The Proper Study of Mankind: An Anthology of Essays; citation_firstpage=191; citation_lastpage=242"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Swaraj Shastra; citation_author=Bhave, Vinoba; citation_publication_date=1940"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Eastern Experiences; citation_author=Bowring, Lewin Bentham; citation_publication_date=1871"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=National Self-Determination; citation_author=Cobban, Alfred; citation_publication_date=1944"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-Government in Industry; citation_author=Cole, G. D. H.; citation_publication_date=1918"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Congress of the Peoples of the East (Baku, September 1920): Stenographic Report. Translated by Brian Pearce. London, 1977."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Constituent Assembly Debates: Official Report. 12 vols. 6th ed. New Delhi, 2014."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Gandhi vs. Lenin; citation_author=Dange, S. A.; citation_publication_date=1921"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Selected Works of Acharya Narendra Deva; citation_author=Deva, Acharya Narendra; citation_author=Sharma, Hari Dev; citation_publication_date=1998"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Critique of JP’s Polity; citation_author=Doctor, Adi H.; citation_publication_date=1961; citation_journal_title=Indian Journal of Political Science; citation_volume=22"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Of the Culture of White Folk; citation_author=Du Bois, W. E. B.; citation_publication_date=1917; citation_journal_title=Journal of Race Development; citation_volume=7"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern State; citation_author=Duverger, Maurice; citation_publication_date=1954"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Gold, Sport, and Coffee Planting in Mysore, Being the 38 Years’ Experiences of a Mysore Planter; citation_author=Elliot, Robert H.; citation_publication_date=1894"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Colonialism; citation_author=Emerson, Rupert; citation_publication_date=1969; citation_journal_title=Journal of Contemporary History; citation_volume=4; citation_firstpage=3; citation_lastpage=16"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=From Empire to Nation: The Rise to Self-Assertion of Asian and African Peoples; citation_author=Emerson, Rupert; citation_publication_date=1960"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-Determination; citation_author=Emerson, Rupert; citation_publication_date=1971; citation_journal_title=American Journal of International Law; citation_volume=65"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=State and Sovereignty in Modern Germany; citation_author=Emerson, Rupert; citation_publication_date=1928"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Socialism: Utopian and Scientific; citation_author=Engels, Friedrich; citation_author=Tucker, Robert C.; citation_publication_date=1978; citation_inbook=The Marx-Engels Reader; citation_firstpage=683; citation_lastpage=717"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Wretched of the Earth; citation_author=Fanon, Frantz; citation_publication_date=2001"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=“Hind Swaraj” and Other Writings; citation_author=Gandhi, M. K.; citation_author=Parel, Anthony J.; citation_publication_date=1997"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=An Autobiography, or The Story of My Experiments with Truth; citation_author=Gandhi, M. K.; citation_publication_date=2001"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi (CWMG); citation_author=Gandhi, M. K.; citation_publication_date=1999"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=India: What Now? A Study of the Realities of Indian Problems; citation_author=Gangulee, Nagendranath; citation_publication_date=1933"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Speeches and Writings of Gopal Krishna Gokhale; citation_author=Gokhale, Gopal Krishna; citation_author=Karve, D. G.; citation_author=Ambekar, D. V.; citation_publication_date=1966"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Speeches and Documents on the Indian Constitution, 1921–47; citation_author=Gwyer, Maurice; citation_author=Appadorai, A.; citation_publication_date=1957"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=History of Freedom Movement in Karnataka; citation_author=Halappa, G. S.; citation_publication_date=1964"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Towards Freedom: Documents on the Movement for Independence in India – 1939; citation_author=Hasan, Mushirul; citation_publication_date=2008"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Liberalism; citation_author=Hobhouse, L. T.; citation_author=Meadowcroft, James; citation_publication_date=1994"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Democracy after the War; citation_author=Hobson, J. A.; citation_publication_date=1917"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Imagining India; citation_author=Inden, Ronald; citation_publication_date=1990"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=My Public Life: Recollections and Reflections; citation_author=Ismail, Mirza; citation_publication_date=1954"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Future in the Present: Selected Writings; citation_author=James, C. L. R.; citation_publication_date=1977"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=An Introduction to Hindu Polity; citation_author=Jayaswal, Kashi Prasad; citation_publication_date=1913; citation_journal_title=Modern Review; citation_volume=13"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Constitutional History of India, 1600–1935; citation_author=Keith, Arthur Berriedale; citation_publication_date=1936"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Economic Consequences of the Peace; citation_author=Keynes, John Maynard; citation_publication_date=1920"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Documents on the League of Nations; citation_author=Kluyver, C. A.; citation_publication_date=1920"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Why the Village Movement? [A Plea for a Village-Centered Economic Order in India]; citation_author=Kumarappa, J. C.; citation_publication_date=1936"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Peace Negotiations: A Personal Narrative; citation_author=Lansing, Robert; citation_publication_date=1921"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Studies in Ancient Hindu Polity (Based on the Arthaśâstra of Kautilya); citation_author=Law, Narendra Nath; citation_publication_date=1914"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Law Commission of India. Report No. 255: Electoral Reforms. New Delhi, 2015."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Political Forms of Modern Society: Bureaucracy, Democracy, Totalitarianism; citation_author=Lefort, Claude; citation_author=Thompson, John B.; citation_publication_date=1986"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Lenin: Collected Works (CW); citation_author=Lenin, V. I.; citation_author=Katzer, Julius; citation_publication_date=1964"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="London School of Economics and Political Science Register, 1895–1932. London, 1934."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Reform or Revolution; citation_author=Luxemburg, Rosa; citation_author=Scott, Helen; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_inbook=The Essential Rosa Luxemburg; citation_firstpage=41; citation_lastpage=104"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Russian Revolution; citation_author=Luxemburg, Rosa; citation_author=Wolfe, Bertram D.; citation_publication_date=1961; citation_inbook=The Russian Revolution and Leninism or Marxism?; citation_firstpage=25; citation_lastpage=80"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=What Does the Spartacus League Want?; citation_author=Luxemburg, Rosa; citation_author=Howard, Dick; citation_publication_date=1971; citation_inbook=Selected Political Writings of Rosa Luxemburg"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Life in the Indian Civil Service; citation_author=Maconochie, Evan; citation_publication_date=1926"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Criticism of the Montagu Chelmsford Proposals of Indian Constitutional Reform; citation_author=Malaviya, Pandit Madan Mohan; citation_publication_date=1918"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Poland’s European Mission (1867); citation_author=Marx, Karl; citation_author=Blackstock, Paul W.; citation_author=Hoselitz, Bert F.; citation_publication_date=1952; citation_inbook=The Russian Menace to Europe: A Collection of Articles, Speeches, Letters"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Gandhi and Marx; citation_author=Mashruwala, Kishorlal G.; citation_author=Kumarappa, Bharatan; citation_publication_date=1951"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Simla Triangle: A Projection of the Communal Triangle; citation_author=Mehta, Asoka; citation_publication_date=1945"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Speeches and Writings of the Honorable Sir Pherozeshah Merwariji Mehta, K.C.I.E; citation_author=Mehta, Pherozeshah; citation_author=Chintamani, C. Y.; citation_publication_date=1905"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchic Tendencies of Modern Democracy; citation_author=Michels, Robert; citation_publication_date=1915"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Minutes of Evidence Taken before the Royal Commission upon Decentralization in Bombay: Presented to Both Houses of Parliament by Command of His Majesty, vol. 8. London, 1908."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Asoka (Gaekwad Lectures); citation_author=Mookerji, Radhakumud; citation_publication_date=1928"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Indian Shipping: A History of the Sea-Borne Trade and Maritime Activity of the Indians from the Earliest Times; citation_author=Mookerji, Radhakumud; citation_publication_date=1912"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Local Government in Ancient India; citation_author=Mookerji, Radhakumud; citation_publication_date=1919"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Local Government in Ancient India; citation_author=Mookerji, Radhakumud; citation_publication_date=1920"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Part I: Indiana; citation_author=Mookerji, Radhakumud; citation_publication_date=1904; citation_journal_title=The Dawn and Dawn Society’s Magazine; citation_volume=1; citation_firstpage=29; citation_lastpage=60"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=International Affairs; citation_author=Morgenthau, Hans; citation_publication_date=1948; citation_journal_title=Review of Politics; citation_volume=10"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Democracies of the East: A Study in Comparative Politics; citation_author=Mukerjee, Radhakamal; citation_publication_date=1923"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=India: The Dawn of a New Era (An Autobiography); citation_author=Mukerjee, Radhakamal; citation_publication_date=1997"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Mysore Representative Assembly Manual, Containing the Representative Assembly Regulation and the Electoral Rules Thereunder, vol. I. Mysore, 1933."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Essays, Speeches, Addresses and Writings (On Indian Politics) of the Hon’ble Dadabhai Naoroji; citation_author=Naoroji, Dadabhai; citation_author=Parekh, Chunilal Lallubhai; citation_publication_date=1887"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Late Dr. Dadabhai Naoroji on Swaraj: Presidential Address at the Calcutta Congress 1906; citation_author=Naoroji, Dadabhai; citation_publication_date=1917"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Jayaprakash Narayan: Selected Works; citation_author=Narayan, Jayaprakash; citation_author=Prasad, Bimal; citation_publication_date=2003"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Plea for Reconstruction of Indian Polity; citation_author=Narayan, Jayaprakash; citation_publication_date=1959"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Prison Diary; citation_author=Narayan, Jayaprakash; citation_author=Shah, A. B.; citation_publication_date=1977"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Socialism, Sarvodaya, and Democracy; citation_author=Narayan, Jayaprakash; citation_author=Prasad, Bimal; citation_publication_date=1965"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Towards Total Revolution; citation_author=Narayan, Jayaprakash; citation_author=Brahmanand; citation_publication_date=1978"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Towards Free and Fair Elections; citation_author=Narayan, Jayaprakash; citation_author=Kant, Krishna; citation_author=Bhargava, G. S.; citation_author=Dasgupta, Sugata; citation_author=Noorani, A. G.; citation_publication_date=1975"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=JP’s Crusade for Revolution; citation_author=Nargolkar, Vasant; citation_publication_date=1975"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Jawaharlal Nehru’s Speeches; citation_author=Nehru, Jawaharlal; citation_publication_date=1958"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru: Second Series; citation_author=Nehru, Jawaharlal; citation_author=Sharada Prasad, H. Y.; citation_author=Damodaran, A. K.; citation_publication_date=2001"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Democracy and the Organization of Political Parties; citation_author=Ostrogorski, Moisei; citation_publication_date=1902"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Reviewed Works: Corporate Life in Ancient India by Ramesh Chandra Majumdar and Local Government in Ancient India by Radhakumud Mookerji; citation_author=Pargiter, Frederick Eden; citation_publication_date=1920; citation_journal_title=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland; citation_volume=1"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Chunav padhathiyan aur jansatta; citation_author=Pathik, Vijay Singh; citation_publication_date=1936"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=On Alien Rule and Self-Government; citation_author=Plamenatz, John Petrov; citation_publication_date=1960"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time; citation_author=Polanyi, Karl; citation_publication_date=1944"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Few Suggestions on the Problem of the Indian Constitution; citation_author=Prasad, Beni; citation_publication_date=1928"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The State in Ancient India: A Study in the Structure and Practical Working of Political Institutions in North India in Ancient Times; citation_author=Prasad, Beni; citation_publication_date=1928"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Vinoba and His Mission [Being an Account of the Rise and Growth of the Bhoodan Yajna Movement]; citation_author=Ram, Suresh; citation_publication_date=1954"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Problem of the Indian Polity; citation_author=Ramamurti, Pratapgiri; citation_publication_date=1935"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Book Review: Local Government in Ancient India by Radhakumud Mookerji; citation_author=Rapson, E. J.; citation_publication_date=1920; citation_journal_title=English Historical Review; citation_volume=35"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Parliamentary System of Government in India; citation_author=Rau, B. N.; citation_publication_date=1949; citation_journal_title=Washington Law Review and State Bar Journal; citation_volume=24; citation_firstpage=91; citation_lastpage=100"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Parliamentary System of Government in India; citation_author=Rau, B. N.; citation_author=Shiva Rao, B.; citation_publication_date=1960; citation_inbook=India’s Constitution in the Making"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Systems of Representation; citation_author=Rau, B. N.; citation_author=Shiva Rao, B.; citation_publication_date=1960; citation_inbook=India’s Constitution in the Making"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Report on the Administration of Mysore for 1863–64. Bangalore, 1864."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Speeches and Political Resolutions of Lord Ripon (Viceroy of India), from June 1880 to May 1882; citation_author=Ripon, Lord; citation_author=Lalit, Ram Chandra; citation_publication_date=1882"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Heart of Aryâvarta: A Study of the Psychology of Indian Unrest; citation_author=Ronaldshay, Earl; citation_publication_date=1925"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Constitution of Free India: A Draft. Endorsed and Released for Public Discussion by the Radical Democratic Party; citation_author=Roy, M. N.; citation_publication_date=1945"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=National Government or People’s Government?; citation_author=Roy, M. N.; citation_publication_date=1944"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=New Orientation: Lectures Delivered at the Political Study Camp Held at Dehradun from May 8th to May 18th, 1946; citation_author=Roy, M. N.; citation_publication_date=1946"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Original Draft of the Supplementary Theses on the National and Colonial Question; citation_author=Roy, M. N.; citation_author=Roy, Sibnarayan; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_inbook=Selected Works of M.N. Roy"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Creative India: From Mohenjo-Daro to the Age of Ramkrsna-Vivekānanda; citation_author=Sarkar, Benoy Kumar; citation_publication_date=1937"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Positive Background of Hindu Sociology; citation_author=Sarkar, Benoy Kumar; citation_publication_date=1914"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy; citation_author=Schmitt, Carl; citation_publication_date=1985"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Meaning of Race, Tribe, Nation; citation_author=Seal, Brajendranath; citation_author=Spiller, Gustave; citation_publication_date=1911; citation_inbook=Papers on Inter-Racial Problems Communicated to the First Universal Races Congress Held at the University of London, July 26–29, 1911; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=13"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=New Essays in Criticism; citation_author=Seal, Brajendranath; citation_publication_date=1903"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Rammohun Roy: The Universal Man; citation_author=Seal, Brajendranath; citation_author=Home, Amal; citation_publication_date=1933; citation_inbook=Rammohun Roy: The Man and His Work, Centenary Publicity Booklet No. 1; citation_firstpage=93; citation_lastpage=109"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=On the Scientific Method of the Hindus; citation_author=Seal, Brajendranath; citation_publication_date=1909; citation_inbook=A History of Hindu Chemistry, from the Earliest Times to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century A.D"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Syllabus of Indian Philosophy: Based on the Lectures of Brajendranath Seal; citation_author=Seal, Brajendranath; citation_publication_date=1924"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=[untitled note]; citation_author=Sen, Kshitish Chandra; citation_publication_date=1964; citation_inbook=Acharya Brajendra Nath Seal Birth Centenary Volume, 1864–1964"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Federal Structure (Under the Government of India Act, 1935); citation_author=Shah, K. T.; citation_publication_date=1937"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Russian Experiment: 1917–1927; citation_author=Shah, K. T.; citation_publication_date=1927"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Modern Mysore: From 1868 to the Present; citation_author=Shama Rao, M.; citation_publication_date=1936"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Arthasastra of Kautilya (Kautiliyam arthashastram); citation_author=Shamasastry, Rudrapatna; citation_publication_date=1909"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Chanakya’s Land and Revenue Policy (4th century B.C.); citation_author=Shamasastry, Rudrapatna; citation_publication_date=1905; citation_journal_title=The Indian Antiquary: A Journal of Oriental Research; citation_volume=34; citation_firstpage=5; citation_lastpage=10"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Acharya Brajendra Nath Seal – A Life Sketch; citation_author=Sircar, Bibhutibhusan; citation_publication_date=1964; citation_inbook=Acharya Brajendra Nath Seal Birth Centenary Volume, 1864–1964; citation_firstpage=12; citation_lastpage=19"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=History of the Indian National Congress (1935–1947); citation_author=Sitaramayya, B. Pattabhi; citation_publication_date=1969"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Marxism and the National Question: Selected Writings and Speeches; citation_author=Stalin, Joseph; citation_publication_date=1942"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Acquisitive Society; citation_author=Tawney, R. H.; citation_publication_date=1921"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Selected Writings & Speeches; citation_author=Telang, Kashinath Trimbak; citation_publication_date=1912"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Memorandum Outlining a Plan of Economic Development for India; citation_author=Thakurdas, Purushottamdas; citation_author=Tata, J. R. D.; citation_author=Birla, G. D.; citation_publication_date=1944"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Review: P. P. Pillai, Economic Conditions in India; citation_author=Thatcher, W. S.; citation_publication_date=1925; citation_journal_title=Economic Journal; citation_volume=35"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Census of India, 1921. Volume XXIII: Mysore, Part I – Report; citation_author=Thyagarajaiyar, V. R.; citation_publication_date=1923"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Bal Gangadhar Tilak: His Writings and Speeches; citation_author=Tilak, Bal Gangadhar; citation_publication_date=1918"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Karma-Yoga and Swaraj; citation_author=Tilak, Bal Gangadhar; citation_publication_date=1917; citation_journal_title=Quarterly Journal of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha; citation_volume=2; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=3"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Speeches by Sir M. Visvesvaraya, K.C.I.E, Dewan of Mysore, 1910–11 to 1916–17; citation_author=Visvesvaraya, M.; citation_publication_date=1917"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Speeches by His Highness Sri Krishnaraja Wadiyar Bahadur, G.C.S.I, G.B.E., Maharaja of Mysore, 1902–1920; citation_author=Wadiyar, Krishnaraja; citation_publication_date=1921"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Labor and the New Social Order: A Report on Reconstruction; citation_author=Webb, Sidney; citation_publication_date=1918"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Historical Sketches of the South of India in an Attempt to Trace the History of Mysoor, from the Origin of the Hindoo Government of that State, to the Extinction of the Mohammedan Dynasty in 1799; citation_author=Wilks, Mark Lt. Col; citation_publication_date=1810"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=President Wilson’s Great Speeches and Other History Making Documents; citation_author=Wilson, Woodrow; citation_publication_date=1919"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Note on Local Self-Government in the Bombay Presidency. By Javerilál Umiáshankar Yájnik [Written for the Central Committee for Promoting Local Self-Government in Gujarát]; citation_author=Yajnika, Jhaverilala Umiyasankara; citation_publication_date=1882"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Gandhi’s Body: Sex, Diet, and the Politics of Nationalism; citation_author=Alter, Joseph S.; citation_publication_date=2000"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Indian Constitution and Social Revolution: Right to Property since Independence; citation_author=Ananth, V. Krishna; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Marx at the Margins: On Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Non-Western Societies; citation_author=Anderson, Kevin B.; citation_publication_date=2010"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Imperialism, Sovereignty, and the Making of International Law; citation_author=Anghie, Antony; citation_publication_date=2005"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Marxist Guru, Socialist Neta, Buddhist Acharya, Gandhi’s Shishya: The Many Narendra Deva(s) (1889–1956); citation_author=Ankit, Rakesh; citation_publication_date=2017; citation_journal_title=Global Intellectual History; citation_volume=2"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation; citation_author=Austin, Granville; citation_publication_date=1966"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Politics of Anti-Westernism in Asia: Visions of World Order in Pan-Islamic and Pan-Asian Thought; citation_author=Aydin, Cemil; citation_publication_date=2007"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Debating Difference: Group Rights and Liberal Democracy in India; citation_author=Bajpai, Rochana; citation_publication_date=2011"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Mortal God: Imagining the Sovereign in Colonial India; citation_author=Banerjee, Milinda; citation_publication_date=2017"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Indian Society and the Making of the British Empire; citation_author=Bayly, C. A.; citation_publication_date=1998"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Recovering Liberties: Indian Thought in the Age of Liberalism and Empire; citation_author=Bayly, C. A.; citation_publication_date=2012"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Remaking the Modern World, 1900–2015: Global Connections and Comparisons; citation_author=Bayly, C. A.; citation_publication_date=2018"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Reordering the World: Essays on Liberalism and Empire; citation_author=Bell, Duncan; citation_publication_date=2016"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Search for Sovereignty: Law and Geography in European Empires, 1400–1900; citation_author=Benton, Lauren; citation_publication_date=2010"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Hyderabad, British India, and the World: Muslim Networks and Minor Sovereignty, c. 1850–1950; citation_author=Beverley, Eric Lewis; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A History of Modern Pluralism; citation_author=Bevir, Mark; citation_author=Bevir, Mark; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_inbook=Modern Pluralism: Anglo-American Debates since 1880; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=20"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Sovereign Spheres: Princes, Education, and Empire in Colonial India; citation_author=Bhagavan, Manu; citation_publication_date=2003"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Outline of a Political Theory of the Indian Constitution; citation_author=Bhargava, Rajeev; citation_author=Bhargava, Rajeev; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_inbook=Politics and Ethics of the Indian Constitution; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=40"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Local History of a Global Commodity: Production of Coffee in Mysore and Coorg in the Nineteenth Century; citation_author=Bhattacharya, Bhaswati; citation_publication_date=2014; citation_journal_title=Indian Historical Review; citation_volume=41; citation_firstpage=67; citation_lastpage=86"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=On the Idea of the Moral Economy; citation_author=Booth, William James; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_journal_title=American Political Science Review; citation_volume=88"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Politicized Literature: Dramas, Democracy and the Mysore Princely State; citation_author=Boratti, Vijayakumar M.; citation_publication_date=2019; citation_journal_title=Studies in History; citation_volume=35; citation_firstpage=37; citation_lastpage=58"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Revolt against the West; citation_author=Bull, Hedley; citation_author=Watson, Adam; citation_author=Bull, Hedley; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_inbook=The Expansion of International Society"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Decolonization and the Evolution of International Human Rights; citation_author=Burke, Roland; citation_publication_date=2010"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=‘In the Name of Politics’: Democracy and the Power of the Multitude in India; citation_author=Chakrabarty, Dipesh; citation_publication_date=2007; citation_journal_title=Public Culture; citation_volume=19; citation_firstpage=35; citation_lastpage=57"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Mysore: The Making and Unmaking of a Model State; citation_author=Chancellor, Nigel H.; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_journal_title=South Asian Studies; citation_volume=13"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Revisiting the Crisis of Representation Thesis: The Indian Context; citation_author=Chandhoke, Neera; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_journal_title=Democratization; citation_volume=12"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=In the Name of Democracy: JP Movement and the Emergency; citation_author=Chandra, Bipan; citation_publication_date=2003"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Dewan Rangacharlu; citation_author=Chandrasekhara, N. S.; citation_publication_date=1968"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Brajendra Nath Seal: A Disenchanted Hegelian; citation_author=Chatterjee, Amita; citation_author=Deshpande, Sharad; citation_publication_date=2015; citation_inbook=Philosophy in Colonial India; citation_firstpage=81; citation_lastpage=101"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse; citation_author=Chatterjee, Partha; citation_publication_date=1993"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Allahabad School of History (1915–1955); citation_author=Chaturvedi, Heramb; citation_publication_date=2016"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Constituent Assembly of India: Springboard of Revolution; citation_author=Chaube, Shibanikinkar; citation_publication_date=1973"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Socialist Movement in India: The Congress Socialist Party, 1934–1947; citation_author=Chaudhuri, Asim Kumar; citation_publication_date=1980"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Mind and Its Time: The Development of Isaiah Berlin’s Political Thought; citation_author=Cherniss, Joshua L.; citation_publication_date=2013"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Democracy without Associations: Transformation of the Party System and Social Cleavages in India; citation_author=Chhibber, Pradeep K.; citation_publication_date=1999"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=‘Democracy’ under the Raj: Elections and Separate Representation in British India; citation_author=Chiriyankandath, James; citation_publication_date=1992; citation_journal_title=Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics; citation_volume=30; citation_firstpage=39; citation_lastpage=63"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Imperial Sceptics: British Critics of Empire, 1850–1920; citation_author=Claeys, Gregory; citation_publication_date=2010"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=English Pasts: Essays in History and Culture; citation_author=Collini, Stefan; citation_publication_date=1999"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Decolonization and the ‘Federal Moment’; citation_author=Collins, Michael; citation_publication_date=2013; citation_journal_title=Diplomacy and Statecraft; citation_volume=24; citation_firstpage=21; citation_lastpage=40"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Parliament the Mirror of the Nation: Representation, Deliberation, and Democracy in Victorian Britain; citation_author=Conti, Gregory; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Africa in the World: Capitalism, Empire, Nation-State; citation_author=Cooper, Frederick; citation_publication_date=2014"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Citizenship between Empire and Nation: Remaking France and French Africa, 1945–1960; citation_author=Cooper, Frederick; citation_publication_date=2014"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History; citation_author=Cooper, Frederick; citation_publication_date=2005"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Empires in World History: Power and the Politics of Difference; citation_author=Cooper, Frederick; citation_author=Burbank, Jane; citation_publication_date=2010"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Princes of India in the Endgame of Empire, 1917–1947; citation_author=Copland, Ian; citation_publication_date=1997"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Presidential Legislation in India: The Law and Practice of Ordinances; citation_author=Dam, Shubhankar; citation_publication_date=2014"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Constitutional Antecedents; citation_author=De, Rohit; citation_author=Choudhry, Sujit; citation_author=Khosla, Madhav; citation_author=Mehta, Pratap Bhanu; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_inbook=The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution; citation_firstpage=17; citation_lastpage=37"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Indian Constitution: Moments, Epics, and Everyday Lives; citation_author=De, Rohit; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=International Journal of Constitutional Law; citation_volume=18"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=State Formation and Radical Democracy in India; citation_author=Desai, Manali; citation_publication_date=2007"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Federal Utopias and the Realities of Imperial Power; citation_author=Drayton, Richard; citation_publication_date=2017; citation_journal_title=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; citation_volume=37"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Robert Michels, the Iron Law of Oligarchy, and Dynamic Democracy; citation_author=Drochon, Hugo; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=Constellations; citation_volume=27"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Setting the People Free: The Story of Democracy; citation_author=Dunn, John; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Revolution in Permanence and the Fall of Popular Sovereignty; citation_author=Edelstein, Dan; citation_author=Benite, Zvi Ben-Dor; citation_author=Geroulanos, Stefanos; citation_author=Jerr, Nicole; citation_publication_date=2017; citation_inbook=The Scaffolding of Sovereignty: Global and Aesthetic Perspectives on the History of a Concept"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Norms and Politics: Sir Benegal Narsing Rau in the Making of the Indian Constitution, 1935–50; citation_author=Elangovan, Arvind; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Provincial Autonomy, Sir Benegal Narsing Rau, and an Improbable Imagination of Constitutionalism in India, 1935–1938; citation_author=Elangovan, Arvind; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_journal_title=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East; citation_volume=36; citation_firstpage=66; citation_lastpage=82"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Historiographical Review: The Cosmopolitan Historiography of Twentieth-Century Federalism; citation_author=Fejzula, Merve; citation_publication_date=2021; citation_journal_title=The Historical Journal; citation_volume=64; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=24"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Right of Self-Determination of Peoples: The Domestication of an Illusion; citation_author=Fisch, Jörg; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Worldmaking after Empire: The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination; citation_author=Getachew, Adom; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Republic of India: The Development of Its Laws and Constitution; citation_author=Gledhill, Alan; citation_publication_date=1951"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Anti-Imperial Metropolis: Interwar Paris and the Seeds of Third World Nationalism; citation_author=Goebel, Michael; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Politics of the Urban Poor in Early Twentieth-Century India; citation_author=Gooptu, Nandini; citation_publication_date=2001"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Imaginary Futures and Colonial Internationalisms; citation_author=Goswami, Manu; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_journal_title=American Historical Review; citation_volume=117"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Producing India: From Colonial Economy to National Space; citation_author=Goswami, Manu; citation_publication_date=2004"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Web of Freedom: J.C. Kumarappa and Gandhi’s Struggle for Economic Justice; citation_author=Govindu, Venu Madhav; citation_author=Malghan, Deepak; citation_publication_date=2016"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Weimar Century: German Emigres and the Ideological Foundations of the Cold War; citation_author=Greenberg, Udi; citation_publication_date=2014"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Dominance without Hegemony: History and Power in Colonial India; citation_author=Guha, Ranajit; citation_publication_date=1997"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=History at the Limit of World-History; citation_author=Guha, Ranajit; citation_publication_date=2012"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Political Economy of Indirect Rule: Mysore 1881–1947; citation_author=Hettne, Bjørn; citation_publication_date=1978"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Cosmopolitanism or Cosmopolitanisms? The Universal Races Congress of 1911; citation_author=Holton, John; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_journal_title=Global Networks; citation_volume=2"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Jealousy of Trade: International Competition and the Nation-State in Historical Perspective; citation_author=Hont, Istvan; citation_publication_date=2005"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Political Thought and the Public Sphere in Tanzania: Freedom, Democracy and Citizenship in the Era of Decolonization; citation_author=Hunter, Emma; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century; citation_author=Huntington, Samuel P.; citation_publication_date=1991"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Princely India Re-Imagined: A Historical Anthropology of Mysore from 1799 to the Present; citation_author=Ikegame, Aya; citation_publication_date=2013"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=International Socialism and Decolonization during the 1950s: Competing Rights and the Postcolonial Order; citation_author=Imlay, Talbot C.; citation_publication_date=2013; citation_journal_title=American Historical Review; citation_volume=118"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=India’s First Dictatorship: The Emergency, 1975–1977; citation_author=Jaffrelot, Christophe; citation_author=Anil, Pratinav; citation_publication_date=2020"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Rise of the Plebeians? The Changing Face of Indian Legislative Assemblies; citation_author=Jaffrelot, Christophe; citation_author=Kumar, Sanjay; citation_publication_date=2009"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Bihar, California, and the US Midwest: The Early Radicalization of Jayaprakash Narayan; citation_author=Jani, Pranav; citation_publication_date=2013; citation_journal_title=Postcolonial Studies; citation_volume=16"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Citizenship and Its Discontents: An Indian History; citation_author=Jayal, Niraja Gopal; citation_publication_date=2013"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Limits of Representative Democracy; citation_author=Jayal, Niraja Gopal; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_journal_title=South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies; citation_volume=32"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Some Characteristics of the Indian Constitution: Being Lectures Given in the University of Madras during March 1952 under the Sir Alladi Krishnaswami Aiyer Shashtiabdapoorthi Endowment; citation_author=Jennings, William Ivor; citation_publication_date=1953"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Representation and Its Epiphanies: A Reading of Constituent Assembly Debates; citation_author=Jha, Shefali; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_journal_title=Economic and Political Weekly; citation_volume=39"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Urban Upheaval in India: The 1974 Nav Nirman Riots in Gujarat; citation_author=Jones, Dawn E.; citation_author=Jones, Rodney W.; citation_publication_date=1976; citation_journal_title=Asian Survey; citation_volume=16"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Radicalism and the Extra-European World: The Case of Karl Marx; citation_author=Jones, Gareth Stedman; citation_author=Bell, Duncan; citation_publication_date=2007; citation_inbook=Victorian Visions of Global Order: Empire and International Relations in the Nineteenth Century; citation_firstpage=186; citation_lastpage=214"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Indian Parliament as an Institution of Accountability; citation_author=Kapur, Devesh; citation_author=Mehta, Pratap Bhanu; citation_publication_date=2006"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Heteronomous Radicalism of M.N. Roy; citation_author=Kaviraj, Sudipta; citation_author=Pantham, Thomas; citation_author=Deutsch, Kenneth L.; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_inbook=Political Thought in Modern India"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Indira Gandhi and Indian Politics; citation_author=Kaviraj, Sudipta; citation_publication_date=1986; citation_journal_title=Economic and Political Weekly; citation_volume=21"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Nature of Indian Democracy; citation_author=Kaviraj, Sudipta; citation_author=Das, Veena; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_inbook=Handbook of Sociology in India"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Decolonizing Democracy: Transforming the Social Contract in India; citation_author=Keating, Christine; citation_publication_date=2011"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Woodrow Wilson and the Challenge of Federalism in World War One; citation_author=Kelly, Duncan; citation_author=Lev, Amnon; citation_publication_date=2017; citation_inbook=The Federal Idea: Public Law between Governance and Political Life"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Battle over Meanings: Jayaprakash Narayan, Rammanohar Lohia, and the Trajectories of Socialism in Early Independent India; citation_author=Kent-Carrasco, Daniel; citation_publication_date=2017; citation_journal_title=Global Intellectual History; citation_volume=2"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=India’s Founding Moment: The Constitution of a Most Surprising Democracy; citation_author=Khosla, Madhav; citation_publication_date=2020"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for a New World Order; citation_author=Knock, Thomas J.; citation_publication_date=1992"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Democracy and Discontent: India’s Growing Crisis of Governability; citation_author=Kohli, Atul; citation_publication_date=1990"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Political Theories of Decolonization: Postcolonialism and the Problem of Foundations; citation_author=Kohn, Margaret; citation_author=McBride, Keally D.; citation_publication_date=2011"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Brahmo Samaj and the Shaping of the Modern Indian Mind; citation_author=Kopf, David; citation_publication_date=1979"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Congress ‘System’ in India; citation_author=Kothari, Rajni; citation_publication_date=1964; citation_journal_title=Asian Survey; citation_volume=4"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Political Legacy of the British Empire: Power and the Parliamentary System in Post-Colonial India and Sri Lanka; citation_author=Kumarasingham, Harshan; citation_publication_date=2013"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Pluralist Thought and the State in Britain and France, 1900–25; citation_author=Laborde, Cécile; citation_publication_date=2000"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Drawing the Global Color Line: White Men’s Countries and the International Challenge of Racial Equality; citation_author=Lake, Marilyn; citation_author=Reynolds, Henry; citation_publication_date=2008"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=African Socialism in Postcolonial Tanzania: Between the Village and the World; citation_author=Lal, Priya; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Kashi Prasad Jayaswal: The Making of a “Nationalist” Historian; citation_author=Lal, Ratan; citation_publication_date=2018"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Inclusive Constitution-Making: The Icelandic Experiment; citation_author=Landemore, Hélène; citation_publication_date=2014; citation_journal_title=Journal of Political Philosophy; citation_volume=23"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism: Anti-Colonial Protest in the French Empire; citation_author=Lawrence, Adria; citation_publication_date=2013"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Between a Moment and an Era: The Origins and Afterlives of Bandung; citation_author=Lee, Christopher J.; citation_author=Lee, Christopher J.; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_inbook=Making a World after Empire: The Bandung Moment and Its Political Afterlives; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=42"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Dyarchy, Democracy, Autocracy, and the Scalar Sovereignty of Interwar India; citation_author=Legg, Stephen; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_journal_title=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; citation_volume=36; citation_firstpage=44; citation_lastpage=65"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Law of Nations Theory and the Native Sovereignty Debates in Colonial India; citation_author=Leonard, Zak; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=Law and History Review; citation_volume=38; citation_firstpage=373; citation_lastpage=407"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Mestizo International Law: A Global Intellectual History 1842–1933; citation_author=Lorca, Arnulf Becker; citation_publication_date=2014"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Idea of Public Law; citation_author=Loughlin, Martin; citation_publication_date=2004"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The League against Imperialism: Lives and Afterlives; citation_author=Luoro, Michele; citation_author=Stolte, Carolien; citation_author=Streets-Salter, Heather; citation_author=Tannoury-Karam, Sana; citation_publication_date=2020"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Paris 1919: Six Months That Changed the World; citation_author=MacMillan, Margaret; citation_publication_date=2002"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Parliament; citation_author=Madhavan, M. R.; citation_author=Kapur, Devesh; citation_author=Mehta, Pratap Bhanu; citation_author=Vaishnav, Milan; citation_publication_date=2017; citation_inbook=Rethinking Public Institutions in India; citation_firstpage=68; citation_lastpage=103"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Wilsonian Moment: Self-Determination and the International Origins of Anticolonial Nationalism; citation_author=Manela, Erez; citation_publication_date=2007"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Principles of Representative Government; citation_author=Manin, Bernard; citation_publication_date=1997"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Age of Entanglement: German and Indian Intellectuals across Empire; citation_author=Manjapra, Kris; citation_publication_date=2014"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=M. N. Roy: Marxism and Colonial Cosmopolitanism; citation_author=Manjapra, Kris; citation_publication_date=2010"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Political Change in an Indian State: Mysore, 1917–1955; citation_author=Manor, James; citation_publication_date=1977"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=On Gandhi’s Critique of the State: Sources, Contexts, Conjunctures; citation_author=Mantena, Karuna; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_journal_title=Modern Intellectual History; citation_volume=9"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Popular Sovereignty and Anti-Colonialism; citation_author=Mantena, Karuna; citation_author=Bourke, Richard; citation_author=Skinner, Quentin; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_inbook=Popular Sovereignty in Historical Perspective; citation_firstpage=297; citation_lastpage=319"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Anticolonialism and Federation in Colonial India; citation_author=Mantena, Rama S.; citation_publication_date=2018; citation_journal_title=Ab Imperio; citation_volume=3; citation_firstpage=36; citation_lastpage=62"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Origins of Modern Historiography in India: Antiquarianism and Philology, 1780–1880; citation_author=Mantena, Rama S.; citation_publication_date=2012"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Riddle of All Constitutions: International Law, Democracy, and the Critique of Ideology; citation_author=Marks, Susan; citation_publication_date=2000"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Political Origins of the New Diplomacy, 1917–1918; citation_author=Mayer, Arno J.; citation_publication_date=1959"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=No Enchanted Palace: The End of Empire and the Ideological Origins of the United Nations; citation_author=Mazower, Mark; citation_publication_date=2009"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The History of the Arthaśāstra: Sovereignty and Sacred Law in Ancient India; citation_author=McClish, Mark; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=People and Elites in Republican Constitutions, Traditional and Modern; citation_author=McCormick, John P.; citation_author=Loughlin, Martin; citation_author=Walker, Neil; citation_publication_date=2007; citation_inbook=The Paradox of Constitutionalism: Constituent Power and Constitutional Form"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Gandhi on Democracy, Politics, and the Ethics of Everyday Life; citation_author=Mehta, Uday Singh; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_journal_title=Modern Intellectual History; citation_volume=7"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Indian Constitutionalism: Crisis, Unity, and History; citation_author=Mehta, Uday Singh; citation_author=Mehta, Pratap Bhanu; citation_author=Choudhry, Sujit; citation_author=Khosla, Madhav; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_inbook=The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution; citation_firstpage=38; citation_lastpage=54"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Federation, Partnership, and the Chronologies of Space in 1950s East and Central Africa; citation_author=Milford, Ismay; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=The Historical Journal; citation_volume=63"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Indian Machiavelli: Pragmatism versus Morality, and the Reception of the Arthasastra in India, 1905–2014; citation_author=Misra, Maria; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_journal_title=Modern Asian Studies; citation_volume=50"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Urgent History: The Sovereignty Debates and Political Theory’s Lost Voices; citation_author=Morefield, Jeanne; citation_publication_date=2017; citation_journal_title=Political Theory; citation_volume=45"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Government and Politics of India; citation_author=Morris-Jones, W. H.; citation_publication_date=1964"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Parliament in India; citation_author=Morris-Jones, W. H.; citation_publication_date=1957"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History; citation_author=Moyn, Samuel; citation_publication_date=2010"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Not Enough: Human Rights in an Unequal World; citation_author=Moyn, Samuel; citation_publication_date=2018"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Origins of the National Education Movement (1905–1910); citation_author=Mukherjee, Haridas; citation_author=Mukherjee, Uma; citation_publication_date=1957"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Sedition, Law, and the British Empire in India: The Trial of Tilak (1908); citation_author=Mukherjee, Mithi; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=Law, Culture, and the Humanities; citation_volume=16"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Contesting Democracy: Political Ideas in Twentieth-Century Europe; citation_author=Müller, Jan-Werner; citation_publication_date=2011"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Mysore Modern: Rethinking the Region under Princely Rule; citation_author=Nair, Janaki; citation_publication_date=2011"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Accounting for the Nation, Marginalizing the Empire: Taxable Capacity and Colonial Rule in the Early Twentieth Century; citation_author=Newbigin, Eleanor; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=History of Political Economy; citation_volume=52"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Imagined Sovereignties: The Power of the People and Other Myths of the Modern Age; citation_author=Olson, Kevin; citation_publication_date=2016"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Omar, Hussein A. H. “Conscript and Sacrifice: The Political Theology of the Egyptian Revolution of 1919.” Talk given at the Department of History, SOAS University of London. March 19, 2018."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=An Unusual Raja: Mahatma Gandhi and the Aundh Experiment; citation_author=Pant, Apasaheb; citation_publication_date=1989"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Constitution as a Statement of Indian Identity; citation_author=Parekh, Bhikhu; citation_author=Bhargava, Rajeev; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_inbook=Politics and Ethics of the Indian Constitution; citation_firstpage=43; citation_lastpage=58"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Gandhi’s Philosophy and the Quest for Harmony; citation_author=Parel, Anthony J.; citation_publication_date=2006"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Process of International Legal Reproduction: Inequality, Historiography, Resistance; citation_author=Parfitt, Rose; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Anglo-American Elites in the Interwar Years: Idealism and Power in the Intellectual Roots of Chatham House and the Council on Foreign Relations; citation_author=Parmar, Inderjeet; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_journal_title=International Relations; citation_volume=16; citation_firstpage=53; citation_lastpage=75"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Naoroji: Pioneer of Indian Nationalism; citation_author=Patel, Dinyar; citation_publication_date=2020"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Guardians: The League of Nations and the Crisis of Empire; citation_author=Pedersen, Susan; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Politics of Presence; citation_author=Phillips, Anne; citation_publication_date=1998"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Fragmenting the Nation: Divisible Sovereignty and Travancore’s Quest for Federal Independence; citation_author=Pillai, Sarath; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_journal_title=Law and History Review; citation_volume=34"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Another Reason: Science and the Imagination of Modern India; citation_author=Prakash, Gyan; citation_publication_date=1999"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Emergency Chronicles: Indira Gandhi and Democracy’s Turning Point; citation_author=Prakash, Gyan; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Federating the Raj: Hyderabad, Sovereign Kingship, and Partition; citation_author=Purushotham, Sunil; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=Modern Asian Studies; citation_volume=54"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Sovereignty, Federation, and Constituent Power in Interwar India, ca. 1917–1939; citation_author=Purushotham, Sunil; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; citation_volume=40"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Constitutional History of India, 1600–1950; citation_author=Pylee, M. V.; citation_publication_date=1967"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Indian Princes and Their States; citation_author=Ramusack, Barbara; citation_publication_date=2004"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Framing of India’s Constitution: A Study; citation_author=Rao, B. Shiva; citation_publication_date=1968"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Europe Reconsidered: Perceptions of the West in Nineteenth Century Bengal; citation_author=Raychaudhuri, Tapan; citation_publication_date=1988"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Moral Economists: R.H. Tawney, Karl Polanyi, E.P. Thompson, and the Critique of Capitalism; citation_author=Rogan, Tim; citation_publication_date=2018"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Good Government: Democracy beyond Elections; citation_author=Rosanvallon, Pierre; citation_publication_date=2018"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Emergence of Globalism: Visions of World Order in Britain and the United States, 1939–1950; citation_author=Rosenboim, Or; citation_publication_date=2017"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Aundh Experiment: A Gandhian Grass-Roots Democracy; citation_author=Rothermund, Indira; citation_publication_date=1983"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Judicial Review versus Parliamentary Sovereignty: The Struggle over Stateness in India; citation_author=Rudolph, Lloyd I.; citation_author=Rudolph, Susanne Hoeber; citation_publication_date=1981; citation_journal_title=Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics; citation_volume=19"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Pluralism and the Personality of the State; citation_author=Runciman, David; citation_publication_date=1997"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Sagar, Rahul. “How, and Why, the First Constitution in Modern India Was Written, 75 Years before the One We Follow.” Scroll India, January 19, 2020. https://scroll.in/article/950118/how-and-why-the-first-constitution-in-modern-india-was-written-75-years-before-the-one-we-follow (accessed August 23, 2020)."> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Jayaprakash Narayan and the Problem of Representative Democracy; citation_author=Samaddar, Ranabir; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_journal_title=Economic and Political Weekly; citation_volume=43; citation_firstpage=49; citation_lastpage=58"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Social Democracy in the Global Periphery: Origins, Challenges, Prospects; citation_author=Sandbrook, Richard; citation_author=Edelman, Marc; citation_author=Heller, Patrick; citation_author=Teichman, Judith; citation_publication_date=2007"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Indian Democracy: The Historical Inheritance; citation_author=Sarkar, Sumit; citation_author=Kohli, Atul; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_inbook=The Success of India’s Democracy; citation_firstpage=23; citation_lastpage=46"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Modern India, 1885–1947; citation_author=Sarkar, Sumit; citation_publication_date=1983"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal, 1903–1908; citation_author=Sarkar, Sumit; citation_publication_date=1973"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Categorial Logic of a Colonial Nationalism: Swadeshi Bengal, 1904–1908; citation_author=Sartori, Andrew; citation_publication_date=2003; citation_journal_title=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; citation_volume=23"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Conscripts of Modernity: The Tragedy of Colonial Enlightenment; citation_author=Scott, David; citation_publication_date=2004"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Emergence of Indian Nationalism: Competition and Collaboration in the Later Nineteenth Century; citation_author=Seal, Anil; citation_publication_date=1968"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Constitution of India: Popular Sovereignty and Democratic Transformations; citation_author=Sen, Sarbani; citation_publication_date=2007"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Distant Sovereignty: National Imperialism and the Origins of British India; citation_author=Sen, Sudipta; citation_publication_date=2002"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Marxist Theory and Nationalist Politics: The Case of Colonial India; citation_author=Seth, Sanjay; citation_publication_date=1995"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Rewriting Histories of Nationalism: The Politics of ‘Moderate Nationalism’ in India, 1870–1905; citation_author=Seth, Sanjay; citation_publication_date=1999; citation_journal_title=American Historical Review; citation_volume=104; citation_firstpage=95; citation_lastpage=116"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India.; citation_author=Sevea, Iqbal Singh; citation_publication_date=2012"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Protest Movements in Two Indian States: A Study of the Gujarat and Bihar Movements; citation_author=Shah, Ghanshyam; citation_publication_date=1977"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=How India Became Democratic: Citizenship and the Making of the Universal Franchise; citation_author=Shani, Ornit; citation_publication_date=2018"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The People and the Making of India’s Constitution; citation_author=Shani, Ornit; citation_publication_date=2022; citation_journal_title=The Historical Journal; citation_volume=65"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Aspects of Political Ideas and Institutions in Ancient India; citation_author=Sharma, R. S.; citation_publication_date=1959"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Invention of Decolonization: The Algerian War and the Remaking of France; citation_author=Shepard, Todd; citation_publication_date=2006"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A Gandhian Answer to the Threat of Communism? Sarvodaya and Postcolonial Nationalism in India; citation_author=Sherman, Taylor C.; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_journal_title=Indian Economic and Social History Review; citation_volume=53"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=‘A New Type of Revolution’: Socialist Thought in India, 1940s–1960s; citation_author=Sherman, Taylor C.; citation_publication_date=2018; citation_journal_title=Postcolonial Studies; citation_volume=21; citation_firstpage=485; citation_lastpage=504"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Micro-Movements in India: Toward a New Politics of Participatory Democracy; citation_author=Sheth, D. L.; citation_author=de Sousa Santos, Boaventura; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_inbook=Democratizing Democracy: Beyond the Liberal Democratic Canon; citation_firstpage=3; citation_lastpage=37"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Kibbutz and the Ashram: Sarvodaya Agriculture, Israeli Aid, and the Global Imaginaries of Indian Development; citation_author=Siegel, Benjamin; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=American Historical Review; citation_volume=125"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Statelessness: A Modern History; citation_author=Siegelberg, Mira L.; citation_publication_date=2020"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Relinquishing Republican Democracy: Gandhi’s Ramarajya; citation_author=Skaria, Ajay; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_journal_title=Postcolonial Studies; citation_volume=14"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Hobbes on Representation; citation_author=Skinner, Quentin; citation_publication_date=2005; citation_journal_title=European Journal of Philosophy; citation_volume=13"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Institutional Visions and Sociological Imaginations: The Debate on Panchayati Raj; citation_author=deSouza, Peter Ronald; citation_author=Bhargava, Rajeev; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_inbook=Politics and Ethics of the Indian Constitution; citation_firstpage=43; citation_lastpage=58"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Origins of the Electoral System: Rules, Representation, and Power-sharing in India’s Democracy; citation_author=Sridharan, E.; citation_author=Hasan, Zoya; citation_author=Sridharan, E.; citation_author=Sudarshan, R.; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_inbook=India’s Living Constitution: Ideas, Practices, Controversies"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Progressives, Pluralists, and the Problems of the State: Ideologies of Reform in the United States and Britain, 1909–1926; citation_author=Stears, Marc; citation_publication_date=2008"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Wilsonian Idealism in America; citation_author=Steigerwald, David; citation_publication_date=1994"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Decolonization and Self-Determination; citation_author=Stilz, Anna; citation_publication_date=2015; citation_journal_title=Social Philosophy and Policy; citation_volume=32; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=24"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Imagining Asia in India: Nationalism and Internationalism (ca. 1905–1940); citation_author=Stolte, Carolien; citation_author=Fischer-Tiné, Harald; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_journal_title=Comparative Studies in Society and History; citation_volume=54; citation_firstpage=65; citation_lastpage=92"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Politics without Vision: Thinking without a Banister in the Twentieth Century; citation_author=Strong, Tracy B.; citation_publication_date=2012"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Between the Many and the One: Anticolonial Federalism and Popular Sovereignty; citation_author=Sultan, Nazmul S.; citation_publication_date=2022; citation_journal_title=Political Theory; citation_volume=50"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-Rule and the Problem of Peoplehood in Colonial India; citation_author=Sultan, Nazmul S.; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=American Political Science Review; citation_volume=114; citation_firstpage=81; citation_lastpage=94"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=‘Don’t Paint Nationalism Red!’: National Revolution and Socialist Anti-Imperialism; citation_author=Suny, Ronald Grigor; citation_author=Duara, Prasenjit; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_inbook=Decolonization: Perspectives from Now and Then"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Constitution of India: A Contextual Analysis; citation_author=Thiruvengadam, Arun K.; citation_publication_date=2017"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Fable of the Fourteen Points: Woodrow Wilson and National Self-Determination; citation_author=Throntveit, Trygve; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_journal_title=Diplomatic History; citation_volume=35"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Foundations of Local Self-Government in India, Pakistan, and Burma; citation_author=Tinker, Hugh; citation_publication_date=1954"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Insurgent Universality: An Alternative Legacy of Modernity; citation_author=Tomba, Massimiliano; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Deluge: The Great War and the Remaking of Global Order, 1916–1931; citation_author=Tooze, Adam; citation_publication_date=2014"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Sleeping Sovereign: The Invention of Modern Democracy; citation_author=Tuck, Richard; citation_publication_date=2016"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Public Philosophy in a New Key; citation_author=Tully, James; citation_publication_date=2008"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=‘Two Concepts of Liberty’ in Context; citation_author=Tully, James; citation_author=Baum, Bruce; citation_author=Nichols, Robert; citation_publication_date=2013; citation_inbook=Isaiah Berlin and the Politics of Freedom: “Two Concepts of Liberty” Fifty Years Later; citation_firstpage=26; citation_lastpage=51"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Brajendra Nath Seal: A Short Survey; citation_author=Varma, Viswanath Prasad; citation_publication_date=1972; citation_journal_title=Visvabharati Quarterly; citation_volume=38; citation_firstpage=81; citation_lastpage=92"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Mysore Legislative Council (1907–1947); citation_author=Veerathappa, K.; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_journal_title=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress; citation_volume=48"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Nationalist Interpretations of the Arthaśāstra in Indian Historical Writing; citation_author=Voigt, Johannes H.; citation_author=Mukherjee, S. N.; citation_publication_date=1966; citation_inbook=South Asian Affairs No. 2 (St. Antony’s Papers No. 18); citation_firstpage=46; citation_lastpage=66"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Jayaprakash Narayan and the Politics of Reconciliation for the Postcolonial State and Its Imperial Fragments; citation_author=Walker, Lydia; citation_publication_date=2019; citation_journal_title=Indian Economic & Social History Review; citation_volume=56"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Liberalism, Local Government Reform, and Political Education in Great Britain and British India, 1880–1886; citation_author=Weinstein, Benjamin; citation_publication_date=2018; citation_journal_title=The Historical Journal; citation_volume=61; citation_firstpage=181; citation_lastpage=203"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Self-Determination: How a German Enlightenment Idea Became the Slogan of National Liberation and a Human Right; citation_author=Weitz, Eric D.; citation_publication_date=2015; citation_journal_title=American Historical Review; citation_volume=120"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A World Divided: The Global Struggle for Human Rights in the Age of Nation-States; citation_author=Weitz, Eric D.; citation_publication_date=2019"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=John Dewey and American Democracy; citation_author=Westbrook, Robert B.; citation_publication_date=1991"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Communism and the East: The Baku Congress, 1920; citation_author=White, Stephen; citation_publication_date=1974; citation_journal_title=Slavic Review; citation_volume=33; citation_firstpage=492; citation_lastpage=514"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Freedom Time: Negritude, Decolonization, and the Future of the World; citation_author=Wilder, Gary; citation_publication_date=2015"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The French Imperial Nation-State: Negritude and Colonial Humanism between the Two World Wars; citation_author=Wilder, Gary; citation_publication_date=2005"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Popular Sovereignty and Nationalism; citation_author=Yack, Bernard; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_journal_title=Political Theory; citation_volume=29"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Making Sense of Indian Democracy: Theory in Practice; citation_author=Yadav, Yogendra; citation_publication_date=2020"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=The Other Jihad: Enver Pasha, Bolsheviks, and Politics of Anticolonial Muslim Nationalism during the Baku Congress 1920; citation_author=Yenen, Alp; citation_author=Fraser, T. G.; citation_publication_date=2015; citation_inbook=The First World War and Its Aftermath: The Shaping of the Middle East"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Democratic Dictatorship: Political Legitimacy in Marxist Perspective; citation_author=Ypi, Lea; citation_publication_date=2020; citation_journal_title=European Journal of Philosophy; citation_volume=28"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Developing India: An Intellectual and Social History, c. 1930–50; citation_author=Zachariah, Benjamin; citation_publication_date=2005"> <link rel="alternate" href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" hreflang="en" /> <link rel="icon" href="/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/core/cambridge-core/public/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/core/cambridge-core/public/css/app.css?version=v7.337.1-hotfix"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://usage.prod.aop.cambridge.org/v1/events"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/core/cambridge-core/public/bower_components/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css"/> <script src="/core/system/public/bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js" onerror="console.error('jQuery failed to load')"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/bower_components/jquery-migrate-3/jquery-migrate.min.js" onerror="console.error('jQuery migrate failed to load')"></script>      <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/bower_components/modernizr/modernizr.js"></script>  <script> (function(a,s,y,n,c,h,i,d,e){s.className+=' '+y;h.start=1*new Date; h.end=i=function(){s.className=s.className.replace(RegExp(' ?'+y),'')}; (a[n]=a[n]||[]).hide=h;setTimeout(function(){i();h.end=null},c);h.timeout=c; })(window,document.documentElement,'async-hide','dataLayer',4000, {'GTM-PWNSR3B':true}); (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-86516288-1', 'auto'); ga('require', 'GTM-PWNSR3B'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script>   <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NTX72TG');</script>   <script type="text/javascript"> var rumMOKey='bd7888531793d453d3bdf2268eea537b'; (function(){ if(window.performance && window.performance.timing && window.performance.navigation) { var site24x7_rum_beacon=document.createElement('script'); site24x7_rum_beacon.async=true; site24x7_rum_beacon.setAttribute('src','//static.site24x7rum.eu/beacon/site24x7rum-min.js?appKey='+rumMOKey); document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(site24x7_rum_beacon); } })(window) </script>  <script> var AOP = AOP || {}; AOP.uiLanguage = '' || 'en'; AOP.uiLanguageSuggested = ''; AOP.leaveTranslationSuggested = ''; AOP.isMultilanguageEnabled = ''; AOP.clientSideMultilingualString = '%5B%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca2c%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Cambridge%20University%20Press%20content%20sharing%20policy%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Cambridge%20University%20Press%20content%20sharing%20policy.%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22la%20politique%20de%20Cambridge%20University%20Press%20sur%20le%20partage%20(en%20anglais).%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9f6%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22reply%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Article%20eLetters%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22reply%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22r%C3%A9ponse%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca29%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Share%20content%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Share%20content%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Partager%20cet%20article%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b714525e54e3d290be053d6%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22To%20manage%20your%20alert%20preferences%20and%20update%20your%20details%20go%20to%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22To%20manage%20your%20alert%20preferences%20and%20update%20your%20details%20go%20to%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Pour%20g%C3%A9rer%20vos%20pr%C3%A9ferences%20d'alerte%20ou%20mettre%20%C3%A0%20jour%20vos%20details%20veuillez%20svp%20vous%20rendre%20sur%20la%20page%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9f5%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22replies%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Article%20eLetters%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22replies%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22r%C3%A9ponses%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be6863d%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22For%20more%20information%2C%20please%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22For%20more%20information%2C%20please%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Pour%20plus%20d'information%2C%20veuillez-vous%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a2%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22April%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22April%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Avril%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a3%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22May%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22May%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Mai%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836aa%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22December%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22December%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22D%C3%A9cembre%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d6%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Sep%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Sep%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Sep.%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d4%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Jul%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Jul%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Juil.%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9db%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Show%20fewer%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Refine%20listing%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Show%20fewer%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Afficher%20moins%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e3%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Citation%20Tools%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Citation%20Tools%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Outils%20bibliographiques%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be6863b%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Alternatively%20you%20can%20download%20a%20PDF%20containing%20the%20link%20which%20can%20be%20freely%20shared%20online%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Alternatively%20you%20can%20download%20a%20PDF%20containing%20the%20link%20which%20can%20be%20freely%20shared%20online%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Vous%20pouvez%20aussi%20t%C3%A9l%C3%A9charger%20le%20PDF%20contenant%20ce%20lien%20et%20le%20partager%20librement%20en%20ligne%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a7%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22September%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22September%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Septembre%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac94c%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Selected%20format%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Selected%20format%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Format%20s%C3%A9lectionn%C3%A9%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca2a%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20the%20content%20link%20or%20use%20the%20option%20below%20to%20share%20it%20via%20email%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20the%20content%20link%20or%20use%20the%20option%20below%20to%20share%20it%20via%20email%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Copiez-collez%20ce%20lien%20ou%20cliquez%20le%20bouton%20ci-dessous%20pour%20envoyer%20un%20email%20contenant%20le%20lien%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e9%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Delete%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Recommend%20to%20librarian%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Delete%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Supprimer%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9cd%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22decline%20option%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22No%20thanks%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Non%20merci%20(view%20site%20in%20English)%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d3%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Jun%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Jun%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Juin%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e2%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22View%20Altmetric%20attention%20score%20details%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Article%20entry%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22alt%20text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22View%20Altmetric%20attention%20score%20details%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Voir%20le%20d%C3%A9tail%20du%20score%20d'attention%20Altmetric%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d8%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Nov%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Nov%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Nov.%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9dd%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Page%2FArticle%20number%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Sorting%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Page%2FArticle%20number%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Page%2Fnum%C3%A9ro%20d%E2%80%99article%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d5%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Aug%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Aug%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Ao%C3%BBt%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9c5%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Collapse%20list%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Collapse%20list%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Replier%20la%20liste%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e0%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Online%20publication%20date%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Sorting%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Online%20publication%20date%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Date%20de%20publication%20en%20ligne%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9f1%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Show%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Article%20eLetters%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Show%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Afficher%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca30%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22The%20content%20link%20has%20been%20copied%20to%20your%20clipboard%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20view%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22The%20content%20link%20has%20been%20copied%20to%20your%20clipboard%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Le%20lien%20a%20%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20copi%C3%A9%20dans%20votre%20presse-papier%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e5%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Hide%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Article%20entry%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%20with%20hyperlink%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Hide%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Dissimuler%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be6863f%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Share%20this%20link%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Share%20this%20link%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Partager%20ce%20lien%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9c6%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Expand%20full%20list%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Expand%20full%20list%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22D%C3%A9plier%20la%20liste%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9da%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Show%20more%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Refine%20listing%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Show%20more%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Afficher%20plus%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be68642%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Within%20PDF%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Within%20PDF%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Par%20PDF%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a0%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22February%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22February%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22F%C3%A9vrier%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac94b%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20a%20formatted%20citation%20or%20use%20one%20of%20the%20options%20to%20export%20in%20your%20chosen%20format%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20a%20formatted%20citation%20or%20use%20one%20of%20the%20options%20to%20export%20in%20your%20chosen%20format%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Copiez-collez%20la%20citation%20ou%20utilisez%20une%20des%20options%20ci-dessous%20pour%20l'exporter%20dans%20le%20format%20de%20votre%20choix%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac94e%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Copy%20to%20clipboard%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Copy%20to%20clipboard%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Copier%20dans%20le%20presse-papier%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9df%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Type%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Sorting%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Type%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Type%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9cf%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Feb%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Feb%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22F%C3%A9v.%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9c8%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Hide%20all%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Hide%20All%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Dissimuler%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e6%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Search%20journal%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22contextual%20search%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22searchbox%20placeholder%20text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Search%20%3CJnlTitle%3E%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Chercher%20dans%20%3CJnlTitle%3E%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be6863a%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20the%20link%20or%20use%20the%20option%20below%20to%20share%20it%20via%20email%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20the%20link%20or%20use%20the%20option%20below%20to%20share%20it%20via%20email%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Pour%20cela%2C%20copiez-collez%20ce%20lien%20ou%20bien%20utilisez%20l'option%20ci-dessous%20pour%20le%20partager%20par%20email%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d1%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Apr%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Apr%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Avr.%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be68640%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Via%20email%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Via%20email%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Par%20email%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d0%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Mar%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Mar%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Mars%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9cb%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22close%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Close%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Fermer%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9ca%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22leaving%20language%20prompt%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22%3Cp%3EThe%20%3Clang%3E%20version%20of%20Cambridge%20Core%20is%20not%20currently%20available%20through%20the%20entire%20site.%20The%20page%20you%20are%20visiting%20is%20not%20available%20in%20%3Clang%3E%20and%20will%20be%20displayed%20in%20English.%3C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22%3Cp%3ELa%20version%20fran%C3%A7aise%20de%20Cambridge%20Core%20n'est%20actuellement%20pas%20disponible%20%C3%A0%20travers%20l'int%C3%A9gralit%C3%A9%20du%20site.%20La%20page%20vers%20laquelle%20vous%20vous%20rendez%20n'est%20pas%20disponible%20en%20fran%C3%A7ais%20et%20sera%20affich%C3%A9e%20en%20anglais.%3C%2Fp%3E%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9c7%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22View%20all%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22View%20All%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Voir%20tout%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca2b%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Anyone%20you%20share%20the%20following%20link%20with%20will%20be%20able%20to%20freely%20read%20this%20content.%20For%20more%20information%2C%20please%20view%20the%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Anyone%20you%20share%20the%20following%20link%20with%20will%20be%20able%20to%20freely%20read%20this%20content.%20For%20more%20information%2C%20please%20view%20the%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Tous%20ceux%20avec%20qui%20vous%20partagez%20ce%20lien%20obtiendront%20un%20acc%C3%A8s%20gratuit%20%C3%A0%20cet%20article.%20Pour%20plus%20d'information%2C%20veuillez%20svp%20consulter%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e8%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Relevance%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Sorting%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Relevance%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Pertinence%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a6%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22August%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22August%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Ao%C3%BBt%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d2%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22May%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22May%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Mai%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9dc%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Sorted%20by%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Sorting%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Sorted%20by%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Tri%20par%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e1%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Publication%20date%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Sorting%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Publication%20date%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Date%20de%20publication%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9c9%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22language%20prompt%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22%3Cp%3EWe%20notice%20that%20%3Clang%3E%20is%20the%20default%20language%20in%20your%20browser%20settings.%20Would%20you%20like%20to%20view%20this%20site%20in%20%3Clang%3E%3F%3C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22%3Cp%3EVotre%20navigateur%20indique%20le%20fran%C3%A7ais%20comme%20langue%20par%20defaut.%20Souhaitez%20vous%20consulter%20le%20site%20en%20fran%C3%A7ais%3F%3C%2Fp%3E%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9ea%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Access%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Refine%20listing%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Access%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Acc%C3%A8s%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9f8%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Hide%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Article%20eLetters%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Hide%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Dissimuler%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be6863c%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22For%20more%20information%2C%20please%20view%20our%20content%20sharing%20policy%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22For%20more%20information%2C%20please%20view%20our%20content%20sharing%20policy%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Pour%20plus%20d'information%2C%20veuillez-vous%20r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rer%20%C3%A0%20notre%20politique%20de%20partage%20de%20contenus%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be6863e%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22view%20our%20content%20sharing%20policy%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22view%20our%20content%20sharing%20policy%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rer%20%C3%A0%20notre%20politique%20de%20partage%20de%20contenus%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9ce%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Jan%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Jan%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Jan%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca2e%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Share%20via%20email%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Share%20via%20email%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Partager%20par%20e-mail%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca2d%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22OR%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22OR%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22OU%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac94d%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Change%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Change%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Modifier%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac94f%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Download%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Download%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22T%C3%A9l%C3%A9charger%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063aca2f%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Cancel%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Cancel%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Annuler%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e4%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22View%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Article%20entry%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%20with%20hyperlink%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22View%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Voir%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be68639%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Anyone%20you%20share%20the%20following%20link%20with%20will%20be%20able%20to%20freely%20read%20this%20content%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Anyone%20you%20share%20the%20following%20link%20with%20will%20be%20able%20to%20freely%20read%20this%20content%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22%EF%BB%BFToute%20personne%20avec%20qui%20vous%20partagez%20le%20lien%20suivant%20pourra%20acc%C3%A9der%20gratuitement%20%C3%A0%20cet%20article%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b754bedf620e6600be68641%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Within%20PDF%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Share%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Within%20PDF%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Par%20PDF%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a8%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22October%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22October%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Octobre%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9cc%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22accept%20option%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Yes%2C%20please%20switch%20to%20%3Clang%3E%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Oui%2C%20voir%20le%20site%20en%20fran%C3%A7ais%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b714525e54e3d290be053d5%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22If%20you%20have%20any%20queries%20about%20this%20please%20contact%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22If%20you%20have%20any%20queries%20about%20this%20please%20contact%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Pour%20toutes%20questions%20veuillez%20svp%20contacter%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab50718369f%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22January%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22January%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Janvier%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9de%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Title%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Sorting%20options%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Title%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Titre%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d9%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Dec%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Dec%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22D%C3%A9c.%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225b714525e54e3d290be053d4%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22This%20alert%20has%20been%20successfully%20added.%20Our%20records%20show%20that%20there%20is%20an%20error%20with%20the%20email%20address%20you%20have%20provided%20and%20therefore%20we%20are%20currently%20unable%20to%20send%20content%20alerts%20to%20you.%20The%20email%20address%20we%20are%20attempting%20to%20send%20your%20alerts%20to%20is%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22This%20alert%20has%20been%20successfully%20added.%20Our%20records%20show%20that%20there%20is%20an%20error%20with%20the%20email%20address%20you%20have%20provided%20and%20therefore%20we%20are%20currently%20unable%20to%20send%20content%20alerts%20to%20you.%20The%20email%20address%20we%20are%20attempting%20to%20send%20your%20alerts%20to%20is%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Alerte%20ajout%C3%A9e%20avec%20succ%C3%A8s.%20D%C3%BB%20a%20un%20probl%C3%A8me%20avec%20votre%20adresse%20e-mail%20nous%20ne%20sommes%20actuellement%20pas%20en%20mesure%20de%20vous%20envoyer%20des%20alertes%20par%20e-mail.%20L'adresse%20e-mail%20%C3%A0%20laquelle%20nous%20n'arrivons%20pas%20%C3%A0%20envoyer%20les%20alertes%20est%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a9%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22November%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22November%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Novembre%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac950%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Export%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22button%20label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Export%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Exporter%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9d7%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Oct%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Metrics%20tab%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22label%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Oct%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Oct.%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225a7c10d5ab0af516063ac9e7%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Search%20society%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22contextual%20search%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22searchbox%20placeholder%20text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Search%20%3CSocietyName%3E%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Rechercher%20dans%20%3CSocietyName%3E%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a1%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22March%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22March%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Mars%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a4%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22June%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22June%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Juin%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%225bb361659f569ab5071836a5%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22July%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22dates%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22July%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Juillet%22%7D%2C%7B%22_id%22%3A%226568350e9421515f267b9929%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20a%20formatted%20citation%20or%20download%20in%20your%20chosen%20format%22%2C%22area%22%3A%22Client%20side%22%2C%22element%22%3A%22Export%20citation%20modal%22%2C%22category%22%3A%22text%22%2C%22en%22%3A%22Copy%20and%20paste%20a%20formatted%20citation%20or%20download%20in%20your%20chosen%20format%22%2C%22fr%22%3A%22Copiez%20et%20collez%20la%20citation%20format%C3%A9e%20ou%20t%C3%A9l%C3%A9chargez-la%20dans%20le%20format%20de%20votre%20choix%22%7D%5D'; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function handleImageError(element) { const $element = $(element); $element.css('pointer-events', 'none'); $element.attr('tabindex', '-1'); } </script> <meta name="shareaholic:site_id" content="b60ec523a5bee2ad04c630bf0d3aa388" /> <link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js" as="script" /> <script data-cfasync="false" async="true" src="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function () { AOP.loadScript(AOP.baseUrl + '/cambridge-core/public/js/a11y-1.0.40.min.js', function () { if(!window.cambridgeA11y) { console.error('cambridgeA11y not loaded') return } const { ShareaholicAccessibilityHandler, FocusTrapKeydownHandler } = window.cambridgeA11y new ShareaholicAccessibilityHandler(new FocusTrapKeydownHandler()).fixAccessibilityForShareaholicModal(); }) }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var AOP = AOP || {}; AOP.focusTrap = function (modalId, firstFocusableElement) { var modalElement = document.getElementById(modalId) modalElement.removeAttribute('tabindex') if (!modalElement) { return; } // Get all focusable elements inside the modal var focusableElements = Array.from(modalElement.querySelectorAll( 'a[href], area[href], input:not([disabled]):not([type="hidden"]), select:not([disabled]), textarea:not([disabled]), button:not([disabled]), [tabindex="0"]' )) focusableElements = focusableElements.filter(el => { const ancestorElement = el.offsetParent || el.parentElement const visibleElement = el.style.visibility !== 'hidden' return ancestorElement && visibleElement }) if (!focusableElements) { return; } var firstFocusable = firstFocusableElement || focusableElements[0] var lastFocusable = focusableElements[focusableElements.length - 1] var TAB_KEY_CODE = 'Tab' firstFocusable.focus() $(firstFocusable).on('keydown', function (event) { var isTabPressed = event.key === TAB_KEY_CODE if (!isTabPressed) { return } if (event.shiftKey) { event.preventDefault() lastFocusable.focus() } }) $(`#${modalId}`).on('keydown', function (event) { var isTabPressed = event.key === TAB_KEY_CODE if (!isTabPressed) { return } if (event.shiftKey) { if (document.activeElement === firstFocusable || document.activeElement === modalElement) { event.preventDefault() lastFocusable.focus() } } else { if (document.activeElement === lastFocusable || document.activeElement === modalElement) { event.preventDefault() firstFocusable.focus() } } }) } </script></head> <body> <header>  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NTX72TG" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" sandbox="allow-scripts"></iframe></noscript>  <a class="skiptocontent" href="#maincontent"> Skip to main content </a> <a class="skiptocontent" href="/core/accessibility"> Accessibility help </a> <div class="cookie-message"> <div class="row"> <div class="small-11 columns"> <p>We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/legal-notices/cookies-policy/" target="_blank">manage your cookie settings</a>.</p> </div> <div class="small-1 columns"> <a href="#" onclick="closeMessage();" class="cookie-close">   <img alt = "Close cookie message" title = "Close cookie message" src = "/core/cambridge-core/public/images/icn_circle__btn_close_white.svg">  </a> </div> </div> </div> <script> var cookieMessage = $('.cookie-message'); var cookieName = 'EULAW'; var closeMessage = function () { $.cookie(cookieName, true, {expires: 365, path:'/'}); cookieMessage.slideUp().promise().done(function () { cookieMessage.remove(); }); }; $(document).ready(function () { if ($.cookie(cookieName) !== 'true') { cookieMessage.slideDown(); } }); </script> <div id="login-modal" class="reveal-modal small" data-reveal role="dialog" aria-labelledby="loginModalHeader"> <div class="header"> <h2 class="heading_07 margin-bottom" id="loginModalHeader">Login Alert</h2> </div> <div class="wrapper large-margin-top-for-small-only"> <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="panel callout message"></div> </div> </div> <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"><a href="#" onclick="$('#login-modal').foundation('reveal', 'close');return false;" class="right small button radius transparent cancel">Cancel</a></div> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="left small radius button blue confirm login">Log in</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close login notification"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></a> </div> </div> <div id="multilingual-suggestion-modal" class="reveal-modal small" data-reveal> <div class="wrapper large-margin-top-for-small-only"> <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div id="multilingual-suggestion-modal-message" class="panel callout message"></div> </div> </div> <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"><a id="multilingual-suggestion-modal-decline-option" href="#" class="right small button radius transparent cancel"></a></div> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"> <a id="multilingual-suggestion-modal-accept-option" href="#" class="left small radius button blue confirm login"></a> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal">×</a> </div> </div> <div class="global-header-wrapper"> <div class="global-header-spacer"></div> <div id="global-header" class="global-header"> <div class="__shared-elements-html ShEl"><div class="__shared-elements-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/entry.BhGMTrWu.css"> <link rel="prefetch" as="style" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/error-404.B06nACMW.css"> <link rel="prefetch" as="style" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/error-500.WGRfNq7F.css"> </div><div class="__shared-elements-body"><div id="__sharedElements-7p75y"><div class="shared-elements"><div class="gh-headerContainer"><div class="gh-globalHeader"><div class="gh-logoContainer"><a href="https://www.cambridge.org/academic" class="gh-cup-logo"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="149" height="30" viewbox="0 0 149 30" fill="none" aria-label="Homepage Cambridge University Press" class="gh-logo" data-v-7c4b1471><g clip-path="url(#A)" data-v-7c4b1471><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M147.065 1.786l.036 2.785-.445.114c-.1-1.217-.376-2.211-2.324-2.211h-2.618v5.147h2.247c1.103 0 1.402-.616 1.527-1.679h.447v4.304l-.446.007c-.069-1.029-.311-1.829-1.518-1.829h-2.257v4.52c0 1.314 1.133 1.314 2.332 1.314 2.151 0 3.149-.135 3.75-2.31l.441.098-.602 2.901h-9.774v-.482h.186c.75 0 1.443-.14 1.443-1.162V3.43c0-1.022-.693-1.163-1.443-1.163h-.186v-.481h9.204zm-53.267 0h-5.895v.481h.26c.486 0 1.388 0 1.388 1.525v9.569c0 .815-.748 1.104-1.388 1.104h-.26v.482h5.724v-.482h-.261c-.932 0-1.591-.115-1.591-1.6V8.766h1.454l3.918 6.18h3.371v-.492c-.889-.048-1.311-.356-1.828-1.153l-3.23-4.915.085-.035c1.152-.466 2.615-1.414 2.615-3.286 0-2.207-1.447-3.28-4.363-3.28zm-.749.536c1.685 0 2.804 1.123 2.804 2.858 0 2.138-.903 3.051-2.953 3.051h-1.125l.001-5.826a8.87 8.87 0 0 1 1.273-.083zm13.772-.539h-5.501v.481h.186c.751 0 1.443.142 1.443 1.163V13.3c0 1.021-.692 1.162-1.443 1.162h-.186v.481h5.501v-.481h-.186c-.75 0-1.444-.14-1.444-1.162V3.427c0-1.021.694-1.163 1.444-1.163h.186v-.481zM31.488 8.355c0 4.435 2.709 6.939 6.956 6.939 2.089 0 3.924-.818 5.112-2.354l-.345-.644c-1.055 1.355-2.452 2.089-4.412 2.089-3.487 0-4.927-3.074-4.927-6.324 0-3.652 1.781-5.919 4.647-5.919 2.79 0 3.616 1.617 4.112 3.383l.433-.056-.139-3.046c-1.373-.641-2.776-.945-4.46-.945-1.88 0-3.545.638-4.814 1.775-1.367 1.224-2.162 3.146-2.162 5.102zM59.883 4.33l4.761 10.706h.397l4.553-10.921.401 8.416.019.944c0 .893-.643.931-1.533.984l-.036.002v.475h5.464v-.475c-1.008-.038-1.544-.13-1.622-1.151l-.509-8.729c-.112-1.86.151-2.32 1.632-2.32h.07l.001-.485h-3.654l-4.231 9.975-4.472-9.974h-3.727v.479h.152c1.046 0 1.669.644 1.602 1.779l-.516 8.32c-.069 1.215-.161 2.046-1.657 2.106h-.169v.478h4.439v-.478h-.113c-1.21-.045-1.768-.203-1.689-2.003l.437-8.128zm55.196 10.61c1.826 0 3.63-.436 4.919-1.712 1.28-1.27 2.015-3.056 2.015-4.9 0-1.974-.668-3.636-1.93-4.81-1.28-1.191-3.113-1.741-5.301-1.741l-5.887.005v.482h.187c.749 0 1.443.141 1.443 1.162v9.871c0 1.023-.694 1.163-1.443 1.163h-.187v.483l6.184-.004zM114.1 2.349c3.704 0 5.505 1.986 5.505 6.347 0 2.806-1.514 5.669-4.841 5.669-1.413 0-2.003-.225-2.003-1.621l.001-10.334a17.99 17.99 0 0 1 1.338-.062zm19.119 11.918c-.493.224-1.326.347-2.132.33-3.496 0-5.062-3.303-5.062-6.636 0-3.628 1.855-5.882 4.914-5.882 2.267 0 3.277.887 3.823 3.15l.441-.028-.209-3.141c-1.018-.34-2.623-.651-4.184-.651-3.487 0-7.192 2.112-7.192 6.746 0 4.357 2.81 7.173 7.156 7.173 1.801 0 3.422-.307 4.63-.695l.002-3.592c0-.706.374-1.079 1.082-1.079h.153v-.47h-5.062v.47h.154c.973 0 1.487.374 1.487 1.079l-.001 3.226zM80.916 8.129c2.063 0 3.294 1.147 3.294 3.168 0 1.797-1.21 3.117-2.814 3.117-1.336 0-1.746-.368-1.746-1.654V8.129h1.265zm-.073-5.86c1.733 0 2.612.865 2.612 2.723 0 1.682-.999 2.562-2.813 2.562h-.991V2.269h1.192zm1.507 5.51c1.616-.261 3.451-1.032 3.451-3.117 0-1.883-1.511-2.878-4.256-2.878l-5.846.003v.481h.261c.484 0 1.387 0 1.387 1.524v9.548c0 .817-.748 1.121-1.387 1.121h-.261v.477l6.451.001c2.463 0 4.358-1.655 4.358-3.72 0-.866-.303-1.609-.877-2.195-.742-.759-1.624-1.124-3.281-1.245zM50.387 1.784l4.289 11.418c.318.903.783 1.258 1.463 1.258h.04l-.001.486H51.08v-.486h.116c.991 0 1.38-.415 1.082-1.327L51.24 10.24h-4.149l-.956 2.654c-.42 1.245.237 1.553 1.201 1.553h.174l.001.494h-4.008l.002-.494h.045c.811 0 1.358-.498 1.668-1.305 0-.001 4.18-11.36 4.18-11.36l.992.002zm-3.065 7.81h3.684l-1.84-5.127-1.845 5.127zM32.257 20.335c.66 0 .829.18.829.672v4.573c0 1.56 1.153 2.449 3.111 2.449 1.982 0 3.063-1.02 3.063-2.677v-4.141c0-.744.18-.876.793-.876v-.348l-1.093.024a30.18 30.18 0 0 1-1.237-.024v.348c.625.012.925.012.925 1.116v3.997c0 1.272-.757 2.077-2.102 2.077-1.333 0-2.054-.84-2.054-2.089v-4.43c0-.612.264-.672.781-.672h.084v-.348l-1.573.024c-.409 0-.841-.012-1.526-.024v.348zm9.028 0c.829.024 1.237.312 1.237.732v5.33c0 .78-.252 1.056-1.177 1.068v.348l1.429-.024a43.1 43.1 0 0 1 1.453.024v-.348h-.048c-.877 0-1.165-.336-1.165-1.128v-4.982l5.909 6.686h.312v-6.578c0-.6.216-1.128.853-1.128h.264v-.348l-1.429.024c-.288 0-.757-.012-1.393-.024v.348c.853 0 1.213.192 1.213 1.14v4.189l-5.045-5.678-1.081.024c-.432 0-.877-.012-1.333-.024v.348h0zm13.441 7.13c-.685-.012-.853-.12-.853-.66v-5.678c0-.672.168-.792.877-.792v-.348l-1.501.024c-.564 0-1.177-.012-1.633-.024v.348c.673 0 .865.18.865.696v5.462c0 .78-.168.972-.901.972v.348c.36-.012.709-.024 1.622-.024a56.45 56.45 0 0 1 1.525.024v-.348h0zm1.293-7.13c.601.012.829.072.973.432l2.931 7.238h.372l2.739-6.878c.132-.336.216-.492.288-.588.096-.12.18-.204.444-.204h.072v-.348l-1.057.024c-.325 0-.565-.012-1.057-.024v.348c.517.012.853.012.853.3 0 .144-.06.336-.156.6L60.631 26l-1.886-4.681c-.144-.348-.18-.528-.18-.66 0-.312.324-.312.829-.324v-.348l-1.742.024c-.541 0-.973-.012-1.633-.024v.348h0zm8.959 0c.877 0 1.009.084 1.009.744v5.642c0 .54-.132.732-1.009.744v.348l2.774-.024 3.375.012.42-1.789h-.312c-.204.552-.336.78-.468.924a1.14 1.14 0 0 1-.589.312c-.252.06-.709.096-1.381.096-.541 0-.865-.048-1.069-.156-.216-.108-.325-.312-.325-.732V23.96h1.55c.492 0 .829.156.829.816v.192l.3-.06c-.012-.324-.036-.648-.036-1.428l.012-.996h-.3c0 .708-.192.948-.877.948h-1.478v-2.977l1.502-.036c.829 0 1.021.084 1.201.24.168.156.288.348.372 1.02l.312-.12c-.036-.456-.048-.9-.048-1.116 0-.156.012-.348.012-.456l-3.231.024c-.853 0-1.694-.012-2.546-.024v.348h0zm7.686 0h.06c.745 0 .937.108.937.792v5.522c0 .612-.144.816-.949.816h-.06v.348a76.17 76.17 0 0 1 1.778-.024l1.682.024v-.348h-.084c-.757 0-.961-.192-.961-.624V24.14h.757l.588 1.068a22.31 22.31 0 0 0 .697 1.092l.672 1.032c.264.408.409.48.613.48.252 0 .793-.024 1.189-.024.276 0 .516.012.817.024v-.348a1.26 1.26 0 0 1-.913-.336c-.228-.204-.516-.552-.841-1.044L77.18 23.9c1.057-.396 1.621-1.044 1.621-1.957 0-1.26-.961-1.957-2.895-1.957l-1.982.024c-.288 0-.757-.012-1.261-.024v.348h0zm2.402.084c.192-.06.421-.084.613-.084 1.057 0 1.681.6 1.681 1.753 0 .828-.36 1.224-.673 1.416-.24.144-.516.228-.961.228h-.661v-3.313zm9.104-.624c-1.501 0-2.534.888-2.534 2.317 0 1.188.757 1.813 1.814 2.341.865.432 1.609.804 1.609 1.693 0 .66-.492 1.404-1.526 1.404-1.057 0-1.501-.684-1.826-1.765l-.3.048c.036.156.096.648.168 1.62.697.324 1.297.504 1.994.504 1.417 0 2.654-.876 2.654-2.317 0-.936-.48-1.704-1.802-2.389-1.153-.6-1.694-.936-1.694-1.68 0-.6.444-1.369 1.465-1.369.757 0 1.177.42 1.369 1.332l.312-.036c-.06-.504-.12-1.092-.12-1.549l-.757-.084c-.432-.048-.697-.072-.829-.072zm6.391 7.671c-.685-.012-.853-.12-.853-.66v-5.678c0-.672.168-.792.877-.792v-.348l-1.502.024c-.564 0-1.177-.012-1.633-.024v.348c.673 0 .865.18.865.696v5.462c0 .78-.168.972-.901.972v.348c.36-.012.709-.024 1.621-.024a56.9 56.9 0 0 1 1.525.024v-.348zm1.517-5.966c.144-.792.409-1.044 1.333-1.044h1.633v6.002c0 .936-.192 1.008-.901 1.008h-.156v.348l1.79-.024 1.766.024v-.348c-.865-.012-1.105-.156-1.105-.864v-6.146h1.67c.432 0 .721.072.865.216.132.132.204.264.24.9l.276-.108c0-.408 0-.852.144-1.789l-.204-.096c-.18.3-.288.396-.673.396h-5.933c-.348 0-.529-.132-.613-.396h-.252a10.45 10.45 0 0 1-.216 1.921h.336zm8.746-1.164c.433 0 .745.048.913.276l2.558 3.469v2.653c0 .672-.216.72-1.045.732v.348l1.826-.024 1.694.024v-.348c-.853 0-1.057-.144-1.057-.624v-3.085l2.126-2.977c.252-.348.504-.444.828-.444v-.348l-1.045.024c-.252 0-.672-.012-1.213-.024v.348c.493.012.793.024.793.24 0 .12-.144.348-.24.492l-1.477 2.221-1.73-2.329c-.156-.216-.18-.324-.18-.384 0-.204.288-.228.624-.24v-.348l-1.693.024c-.565 0-.889-.012-1.682-.024v.348zm14.689.036c.12-.012.36-.036.636-.036 1.405 0 1.453 1.729 1.453 1.981 0 1.116-.492 1.717-1.465 1.717h-.06v.312h.18c1.393 0 1.874-.408 2.198-.744.264-.276.565-.768.565-1.488 0-1.236-.805-2.125-2.607-2.125l-1.717.024c-.385 0-.985-.012-1.442-.024v.348c.565 0 .853.036.853.708v5.63c0 .672-.24.792-.865.792v.348l1.586-.024 1.838.024v-.348c-.649 0-1.154 0-1.154-.756l.001-6.338zm4.466-.036h.06c.744 0 .937.108.937.792v5.522c0 .612-.145.816-.949.816h-.06v.348c.42-.012 1.225-.024 1.777-.024l1.682.024v-.348h-.084c-.757 0-.961-.192-.961-.624V24.14h.757l.588 1.068c.216.372.529.84.697 1.092l.672 1.032c.265.408.409.48.613.48.252 0 .793-.024 1.189-.024.276 0 .517.012.817.024v-.348a1.26 1.26 0 0 1-.913-.336c-.228-.204-.516-.552-.841-1.044l-1.465-2.185c1.057-.396 1.621-1.044 1.621-1.957 0-1.26-.96-1.957-2.894-1.957l-1.982.024c-.288 0-.757-.012-1.261-.024v.348h0zm2.402.084a2.15 2.15 0 0 1 .613-.084c1.057 0 1.681.6 1.681 1.753 0 .828-.36 1.224-.673 1.416-.24.144-.516.228-.96.228h-.661V20.42zm6.516-.084c.877 0 1.009.084 1.009.744v5.642c0 .54-.132.732-1.009.744v.348l2.775-.024 3.375.012.42-1.789h-.312c-.204.552-.336.78-.469.924-.144.144-.3.24-.588.312-.252.06-.709.096-1.381.096-.541 0-.865-.048-1.069-.156-.217-.108-.325-.312-.325-.732V23.96h1.55c.492 0 .828.156.828.816v.192l.301-.06c-.012-.324-.036-.648-.036-1.428l.012-.996h-.301c0 .708-.192.948-.876.948h-1.478v-2.977l1.502-.036c.828 0 1.021.084 1.201.24.168.156.288.348.372 1.02l.312-.12c-.036-.456-.048-.9-.048-1.116 0-.156.012-.348.012-.456l-3.231.024c-.852 0-1.693-.012-2.546-.024v.348zm10.51-.54c-1.501 0-2.534.888-2.534 2.317 0 1.188.757 1.813 1.813 2.341.865.432 1.61.804 1.61 1.693 0 .66-.492 1.404-1.526 1.404-1.056 0-1.501-.684-1.825-1.765l-.3.048c.036.156.096.648.168 1.62.696.324 1.297.504 1.994.504 1.417 0 2.654-.876 2.654-2.317 0-.936-.481-1.704-1.802-2.389-1.153-.6-1.693-.936-1.693-1.68 0-.6.444-1.369 1.465-1.369.757 0 1.177.42 1.369 1.332l.313-.036c-.06-.504-.12-1.092-.12-1.549l-.757-.084c-.432-.048-.697-.072-.829-.072zm6.233 0c-1.501 0-2.534.888-2.534 2.317 0 1.188.757 1.813 1.813 2.341.865.432 1.61.804 1.61 1.693 0 .66-.493 1.404-1.526 1.404-1.056 0-1.501-.684-1.825-1.765l-.3.048c.036.156.096.648.168 1.62.696.324 1.297.504 1.994.504 1.417 0 2.654-.876 2.654-2.317 0-.936-.48-1.704-1.802-2.389-1.153-.6-1.693-.936-1.693-1.68 0-.6.444-1.369 1.465-1.369.757 0 1.177.42 1.369 1.332l.313-.036c-.06-.504-.12-1.092-.12-1.549l-.757-.084c-.432-.048-.697-.072-.829-.072zM0 0v15.599c0 7.67 4.03 9.859 5.967 10.911.356.193 6.333 3.162 6.715 3.352l.258.138.257-.137 6.716-3.352C21.85 25.459 25.88 23.27 25.88 15.6V0H0z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M12.939 29.365l2.633-1.309V15.762h9.746l.001-.163V10.5h-9.747V.559h-5.266V10.5H.559v5.099l.001.163h9.746v12.294l2.633 1.309z" fill="#fff" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g fill="#e73337" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M.559.559h9.747V10.5H.559V.559zm15.015 0h9.747V10.5h-9.747V.559zm-5.269 15.205H.559c.056 7.126 3.712 9.191 5.674 10.256.199.108 2.281 1.146 4.073 2.038V15.764zm5.269 0v12.294l4.073-2.038c1.961-1.065 5.618-3.13 5.673-10.256h-9.746z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M19.073 13.234l.201-.239-.254-.302-.255.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.1 3.1 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.59-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.255.302.202.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.09 3.09 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.053.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm1.586 1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.612 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.586-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.485-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.053.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm-6.348 0l.201-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zM3.733 13.234l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.59-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.612 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014 0 0 .048.275.178.588.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.586 1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.255.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.485-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.586-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.485-.014 0 0 .049.274.179.588.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.053.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm-6.348 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.12 3.12 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm10.844 5.803l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.202.239c.003.121.01 1.175-.612 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.551zm0 5.387l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.612 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.48-2.694l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .178.589c.131-.314.179-.589.179-.589.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.09 3.09 0 0 0 .179.589c.131-.314.179-.589.179-.589.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm2.957 5.387l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .178.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.477-20.59l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.612 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.12 3.12 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.48-2.693l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014 0 0 .048.275.178.588.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.13 3.13 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm2.957 5.387l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.1 3.1 0 0 0 .178.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm11.221 13.502c.144.19.346.314.512.314a1.06 1.06 0 0 0 .223-.034.43.43 0 0 1 .11-.016c.04 0 .057.015.057.052a.56.56 0 0 1-.043.155c-.026.062-.043.112-.049.148l-.033.173-.083.148-.115.107-.033.034v.074.037c0 .202-.06.316-.223.425-.013.008-.033.022-.058.041l-.017.067-.082.288a1.73 1.73 0 0 1-.157.231c-.1.131-.165.237-.206.338-.034.083-.06.107-.114.107-.081 0-.162-.102-.176-.222a.42.42 0 0 1-.041.05l-.098.066-.158.107-.131.099-.091.091c-.016.016-.033.025-.047.025-.042 0-.085-.071-.126-.207l-.082-.271c-.022-.073-.034-.163-.034-.267 0-.137.009-.185.058-.295-.165.017-.212.027-.297.058a.29.29 0 0 1-.072.016c-.027 0-.044-.019-.044-.051a.51.51 0 0 1 .033-.122l.108-.28a.7.7 0 0 1 .566-.416.72.72 0 0 1 .211.044.45.45 0 0 0 .125.026c.096 0 .172-.07.172-.158 0-.044-.029-.091-.066-.108-.014-.007-.113-.037-.297-.091-.139-.041-.208-.092-.364-.273-.113-.131-.158-.168-.199-.168-.032 0-.049.021-.049.058l.008.11.003.051c0 .229-.068.448-.234.75l-.232.42c-.11.2-.157.352-.157.504 0 .166.072.313.165.339l.124.032a.09.09 0 0 1 .041.026c.011.013.026.034.026.047s-.015.046-.042.076c-.015.016-.064.08-.149.189-.142.186-.232.253-.405.305-.1.242-.263.383-.554.479l-.033.057c-.098.174-.317.331-.456.331h-.032c-.018.151-.126.308-.289.421l-.19.139a.34.34 0 0 0-.041.075c-.037.082-.072.116-.118.116-.088 0-.161-.082-.212-.24l-.075.049-.157.107c-.038.018-.135.047-.289.083-.203.047-.378.133-.422.207l-.074.123-.034.014c-.04 0-.087-.057-.107-.13a2.03 2.03 0 0 1-.075-.464c0-.293.097-.484.397-.783l-.001-.071c0-.456.348-.765.86-.765l.083.002.281.017.026.001c.152 0 .292-.058.444-.183.202-.165.261-.266.261-.451 0-.059-.016-.126-.079-.333a1.34 1.34 0 0 1-.061-.388c0-.341.25-.765.59-.999.087-.061.152-.141.152-.187 0-.019-.01-.034-.023-.034-.022 0-.059.023-.105.064-.04.036-.107.078-.198.125l-.132.066-.149.058c-.046.017-.069.042-.069.073 0 .018.007.044.019.075s.016.047.016.061-.014.052-.042.096l-.115.19c-.113.186-.195.266-.339.33-.093.272-.226.41-.421.438-.156.314-.294.423-.57.454-.038.121-.105.221-.248.38-.059.064-.095.109-.107.132-.065.116-.07.123-.1.123-.038 0-.124-.057-.189-.123a.5.5 0 0 1-.074-.1l-.075-.132c-.024-.043-.049-.062-.08-.062l-.053.003-.182.025a.58.58 0 0 0-.331.19l-.099.149c-.01.015-.025.024-.039.024-.074 0-.119-.163-.119-.433 0-.237.036-.395.118-.508l.231-.322c.032-.045.05-.089.05-.126a.17.17 0 0 0-.041-.106c-.049-.058-.096-.093-.132-.099l-.174-.024c-.031-.005-.044-.012-.044-.026s.009-.034.027-.057a.79.79 0 0 1 .207-.182c.205-.125.339-.174.477-.174a.81.81 0 0 1 .432.142l.239.157c.034.023.074.034.115.034.111 0 .194-.066.272-.215.076-.144.109-.26.109-.383a.51.51 0 0 0-.53-.534c-.143 0-.29.056-.43.165-.042.033-.07.064-.083.091l-.066.149c-.015.036-.039.057-.059.057-.042 0-.135-.119-.213-.272-.041-.08-.08-.179-.115-.298-.049-.161-.071-.282-.071-.412l.012-.224a.83.83 0 0 1-.149-.511.92.92 0 0 1 .059-.29.61.61 0 0 1-.091-.368l.008-.103.025-.115.017-.099c-.08-.104-.102-.174-.182-.536-.044-.205-.071-.294-.106-.347-.017-.023-.025-.041-.025-.05 0-.048.115-.092.247-.092l.116.009c-.029-.076-.035-.106-.035-.166a1.03 1.03 0 0 1 .06-.329c.044-.126.053-.161.053-.202 0-.098-.015-.197-.036-.252l-.066-.165a.23.23 0 0 1-.021-.085c0-.017.011-.023.041-.023.162 0 .472.175.715.405s.32.413.32.752l-.014.181c.225.197.323.36.323.537 0 .129-.042.215-.166.337-.223.222-.273.337-.273.622 0 .438.131.675.373.675.213 0 .377-.231.404-.57l.025-.314a3.22 3.22 0 0 1 .041-.297c.014-.075.025-.174.025-.215 0-.111-.073-.252-.29-.504-.232-.271-.31-.417-.31-.629 0-.254.176-.44.414-.44.059 0 .089.009.16.045.003-.144.01-.17.091-.372.064-.159.133-.272.165-.272.011 0 .028.012.049.033a.86.86 0 0 0 .108.09l.083.058a.75.75 0 0 1 .074.075c.051-.185.104-.272.256-.421.116-.113.159-.148.181-.148s.038.015.059.041l.099.131.14.158c.054.059.073.111.099.255l.082-.049.132-.074a.97.97 0 0 0 .1-.066c.022-.016.041-.026.052-.026s.029.024.039.059l.049.19.108.215c.032.064.042.114.042.212v.052l.055-.002c.163 0 .303.192.303.414 0 .294-.235.674-.54.876-.028.099-.035.139-.035.219 0 .657.173.794 1.183.945a5.56 5.56 0 0 1 .677.14l.653.215c.223.074.373.107.489.107.123 0 .191-.035.191-.1 0-.113-.165-.214-.672-.412l-.719-.28c-.731-.286-1.076-.731-1.076-1.388 0-.764.574-1.338 1.34-1.338.289 0 .57.06.976.207l.605.198c.101 0 .156-.069.171-.214.013-.124.047-.174.115-.174.101 0 .212.094.29.248.068.134.107.291.107.428a.47.47 0 0 1-.405.504.8.8 0 0 1-.665.342c-.329 0-.492-.065-1.054-.416-.201-.126-.287-.157-.434-.157-.197 0-.343.122-.343.287 0 .151.122.251.397.324.164.043.188.055.273.14.066-.016.096-.02.137-.02.268 0 .599.145.879.384.509.157.962.706.962 1.167 0 .509-.441.965-.935.965a3.37 3.37 0 0 1-.639-.102z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M22.437 23.219l.033-.091.033-.116c.006-.021.037-.068.091-.139.084-.11.126-.249.126-.411 0-.051-.013-.098-.044-.16-.016-.032-.025-.058-.025-.076 0-.011.006-.024.017-.038s.022-.023.033-.025l.005-.001c.021 0 .057.024.085.058.035.043.066.066.084.066.037 0 .076-.063.098-.157l.017-.083c0-.04-.033-.144-.074-.231-.016-.033-.024-.061-.024-.084 0-.029.019-.053.046-.053s.063.026.11.07c.023.022.045.034.063.034.052 0 .089-.053.128-.182l.033-.129c0-.024-.01-.038-.029-.038l-.029.002-.098.01c-.151 0-.364-.104-.464-.224l-.231-.281-.206-.273-.19-.124c-.031-.02-.049-.045-.049-.067 0-.031.031-.052.079-.052s.179.048.425.152a2.58 2.58 0 0 0 .837.183c.395 0 .721-.319.721-.707 0-.212-.095-.408-.327-.681-.043-.051-.118-.101-.153-.101-.027 0-.046.02-.046.049a.26.26 0 0 0 .025.093c.01.026.016.052.016.076 0 .038-.014.06-.039.06-.052 0-.106-.085-.151-.234-.055-.184-.162-.294-.414-.421a.89.89 0 0 0-.261-.093c-.016 0-.027.014-.027.036 0 .031.012.065.033.098a.41.41 0 0 1 .067.158v.008c0 .032-.016.05-.046.05-.053 0-.065-.014-.186-.199-.062-.095-.228-.22-.372-.281-.045-.019-.093-.031-.14-.033h-.005c-.03 0-.053.014-.053.032 0 .007.013.033.037.076l.012.047c0 .025-.017.045-.039.045-.05 0-.203-.126-.324-.265-.131-.151-.215-.343-.215-.494 0-.316.302-.596.64-.596.085 0 .157.015.212.042l.289.149.339.224c.195.127.462.223.624.223.06 0 .106-.008.26-.051.081-.022.131-.054.131-.084l-.003-.007-.029-.017-.182-.016c-.101-.01-.33-.113-.512-.232l-.38-.247-.338-.141c-.026-.01-.042-.027-.042-.043s.018-.031.039-.031c0 0 .032.006.094.017l.314.091c.079.022.206.081.38.173.344.183.569.264.734.264.191 0 .331-.131.331-.309 0-.06-.013-.157-.032-.236a.33.33 0 0 0-.05-.107c-.014-.021-.03-.032-.041-.032-.024 0-.037.025-.037.067l.004.057.003.048c0 .152-.059.206-.228.206-.137 0-.322-.055-.742-.222-.394-.155-.64-.214-.884-.214-.622 0-1.167.507-1.167 1.085 0 .499.332.882 1.011 1.161l.702.289c.581.239.794.41.794.636 0 .188-.175.309-.448.309-.118 0-.265-.032-.536-.119-.657-.209-1.085-.296-1.461-.296-.613 0-1.049.168-1.398.536-.046.049-.073.063-.114.063-.028 0-.056-.011-.118-.047a.4.4 0 0 0-.181-.059c-.06 0-.154.052-.198.109l-.082.107c-.024.031-.051.05-.073.05-.06 0-.166-.102-.232-.224-.041-.074-.069-.147-.082-.215-.011-.052-.017-.137-.017-.226l.008-.153.025-.165.025-.141c.006-.02.022-.033.04-.033.043 0 .062.039.062.129l-.002.052-.002.037c0 .235.093.45.196.45.081 0 .152-.144.211-.43.012-.057.035-.09.063-.09s.053.042.078.165c.015.08.068.191.124.264.032.042.066.067.094.067.068 0 .111-.101.145-.339.014-.092.041-.15.073-.15.014 0 .026.007.035.018a1.3 1.3 0 0 1 .058.091c.02.034.052.062.091.082s.074.033.096.033a.12.12 0 0 0 .077-.033c.037-.033.058-.058.058-.068s-.017-.038-.049-.073c-.054-.058-.096-.136-.149-.273L20 19.462c-.013-.03-.027-.05-.042-.058l-.026-.007-.049.007-.173.049-.054.009c-.023 0-.039-.015-.039-.039s.03-.062.068-.092c.209-.166.333-.445.38-.851.028-.247.06-.34.165-.487.022-.031.041-.049.052-.049.032 0 .05.025.05.073 0 .032-.009.072-.027.117a.29.29 0 0 0-.018.1l.001.031.017.05.091-.033.099-.115a.61.61 0 0 0 .109-.338c0-.079-.019-.134-.066-.19-.052-.062-.088-.087-.126-.087l-.056.004-.059.004c-.053 0-.08-.016-.08-.049l.014-.063.009-.091-.049-.206-.041-.1-.025-.083-.058.041-.124.074c-.032.019-.066.05-.1.091-.117.142-.125.149-.172.149-.03 0-.047-.011-.047-.031l.005-.035a.85.85 0 0 0 .025-.171c0-.144-.105-.361-.231-.481-.173.165-.265.346-.265.521v.099c0 .038-.012.057-.038.057h-.003c-.021-.003-.041-.019-.058-.041l-.099-.132a1.33 1.33 0 0 0-.133-.108l-.066-.057-.033.066c-.082.164-.11.262-.115.397-.004.11-.013.142-.039.142-.013 0-.03-.006-.052-.019-.125-.07-.137-.075-.191-.075-.149 0-.25.106-.25.263 0 .061.035.154.103.275.076.135.189.258.239.258.014 0 .017-.01.017-.051v-.017l-.008-.14-.017-.108-.001-.014c0-.032.012-.046.037-.046.075 0 .14.219.195.655.048.384.154.648.322.801.043.039.067.071.067.089s-.015.026-.033.026c-.024 0-.062-.015-.108-.041a.18.18 0 0 0-.09-.026c-.083 0-.175.096-.191.2l-.075.47-.058.661c-.011.125.006.293.05.495.038.178.058.309.058.391 0 .495-.308.886-.818 1.037l-.529.156c-.329.098-.491.315-.537.718.085-.067.111-.078.24-.098l.156-.025a.43.43 0 0 0 .141-.041c.015-.009.045-.04.091-.091l.14-.156c.053-.06.101-.094.13-.094.02 0 .035.022.035.048s-.02.078-.058.136-.06.135-.06.213c0 .105.028.172.135.324.013-.05.024-.083.033-.099a1.69 1.69 0 0 1 .124-.173c.114-.148.197-.302.198-.372.002-.128.014-.169.046-.169s.033.006.045.079c.003.018.012.035.025.05.019.021.038.033.05.033s.033-.012.066-.033c.057-.038.101-.077.132-.116s.062-.093.082-.149c.028-.072.042-.125.042-.156l-.001-.107c0-.028.012-.051.027-.051s.062.043.089.091c.018.032.03.042.053.042h.005c.03-.003.056-.015.074-.034.101-.098.166-.219.166-.31l-.009-.152-.033-.125-.002-.011c0-.026.019-.048.04-.048.037 0 .078.053.135.174.026.057.051.084.075.084.039 0 .07-.029.148-.142l.074-.107c.016-.024.025-.052.025-.083s-.009-.057-.025-.081l-.067-.099c-.011-.017-.016-.045-.016-.083a.81.81 0 0 1 .124-.388l.107-.207c.013-.034.027-.05.046-.05s.028.02.028.041l-.008.091v.066.066c.011.03.031.042.071.042.025 0 .054-.006.086-.017l.206-.075a1.42 1.42 0 0 0 .19-.091c.324-.179.424-.216.583-.216.095 0 .218.037.392.117.036.017.065.026.085.026s.05-.015.072-.042c.016-.019.024-.042.024-.063 0-.03-.011-.066-.033-.102-.026-.046-.051-.103-.051-.123s.014-.036.038-.036.047.02.062.044l.19.33c.154.274.354.464.529.504l.363.083c.113.025.141.069.141.209a.72.72 0 0 1-.331.616l-.298.191c-.108.068-.198.259-.198.416 0 .102.025.282.058.425l.058-.057.141-.083.124-.124.066-.182.066-.165c.032-.08.07-.132.096-.132s.045.045.045.126l-.001.023v.031c0 .118.015.17.107.348z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M17.543 25.575c0-.393.143-.564.712-.853 1.123-.569 1.728-1.091 1.728-1.488 0-.08-.026-.197-.1-.445a1.41 1.41 0 0 1-.071-.358c0-.183.151-.46.344-.632l.157-.14c.086-.077.15-.188.15-.261l-.001-.037-.002-.049c0-.082.032-.112.117-.116l.075-.008.064-.017c.027 0 .053.015.069.041l.041.066.058.066c.019.021.038.034.053.034s.033-.008.063-.024c.04-.022.071-.031.1-.031.043 0 .065.023.065.071 0 .166-.107.406-.298.661-.317.429-.421.66-.421.934 0 .215.062.404.182.56.021.028.033.05.033.061 0 .022-.021.059-.058.104l-.05.067c-.066.095-.11.132-.153.132-.032 0-.063-.027-.078-.067l-.033-.09c-.01-.026-.028-.043-.047-.043-.006 0-.02.014-.036.034-.021.027-.032.059-.032.091v.14c0 .056-.02.114-.058.165a.69.69 0 0 1-.116.123c-.031.027-.054.042-.065.042-.024 0-.047-.026-.059-.066l-.05-.165c-.007-.024-.024-.041-.041-.041-.028 0-.051.046-.058.116-.017.187-.049.301-.098.347l-.116.106c-.037.036-.081.061-.105.061s-.045-.011-.052-.027l-.058-.124c-.007-.015-.021-.025-.037-.025-.033 0-.058.066-.07.191-.03.297-.092.43-.256.545a.45.45 0 0 0-.206.231c-.072-.106-.1-.196-.1-.329a.3.3 0 0 1 .034-.157c.034-.062.053-.109.053-.137 0-.02-.013-.036-.03-.036-.008 0-.022.012-.041.032-.023.027-.059.055-.107.083-.149.085-.171.116-.207.281a.42.42 0 0 1-.38.371c-.28.057-.297.064-.397.158l-.01-.147zm-.534-8.514v.083l.001.122a.51.51 0 0 1-.018.134c-.027.115-.033.154-.033.187 0 .158.022.236.115.399.052.09.085.199.085.277 0 .033-.014.053-.036.053-.014 0-.029-.008-.04-.024l-.066-.091c-.053-.072-.103-.091-.237-.091l-.143.009a1.79 1.79 0 0 1 .099.289c.067.27.076.289.223.421s.161.15.161.198c0 .037-.026.067-.057.067l-.055-.008-.033-.003c-.045 0-.086.083-.086.175a.59.59 0 0 0 .053.208c.02.049.04.082.058.1l.083.082a.12.12 0 0 1 .033.085c0 .04-.023.074-.05.074a.19.19 0 0 1-.074-.027c-.021-.01-.04-.016-.058-.016-.037 0-.055.023-.055.068l.013.123.05.214c.011.048.042.102.091.158a.39.39 0 0 0 .124.099l.166.075c.016.012.024.036.024.066s-.024.058-.055.058a.7.7 0 0 1-.086-.017l-.084-.008c-.084 0-.09.005-.09.069a.52.52 0 0 0 .017.128l.033.132c.035.14.08.215.13.215.011 0 .032-.012.06-.033a1.02 1.02 0 0 1 .511-.173c.155 0 .332.019.399.041.038.013.065.02.079.02.02 0 .027-.02.028-.094l.017-.149.033-.256.024-.19v-.108l-.067.058c-.14.132-.229.173-.374.173-.38 0-.598-.427-.598-1.171 0-.307.045-.742.13-1.24.018-.105.026-.178.026-.229 0-.272-.172-.537-.472-.729z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M17.57 18.91l.074-.074.074-.067c.062-.054.111-.169.111-.254 0-.039-.008-.075-.028-.118-.029-.062-.084-.117-.117-.117-.028 0-.053.068-.064.175l-.017.124-.024.124-.009.124v.082zm-.726 3.377c.085.031.102.045.19.149.115.133.178.165.33.165a.42.42 0 0 0 .117-.016l.107-.033.083-.025c.04-.011.066-.028.066-.042s-.065-.072-.165-.139a1.59 1.59 0 0 0-.198-.116c-.071-.035-.131-.051-.189-.051-.116 0-.228.036-.339.109zm1.113 2.323c0-.266.262-.485.582-.485.16 0 .253.032.253.086 0 .042-.07.1-.223.181l-.24.132-.364.181-.008-.096zm3.363-2.003c.117-.024.157-.054.215-.057l.149.008a.48.48 0 0 0 .099-.066l.116-.082c.165-.113.174-.12.174-.156 0-.046-.067-.068-.206-.068-.26 0-.419.122-.546.422z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M18.827 17.58l.116.074c.066.042.121.073.165.09.128.053.174.071.174.12a.35.35 0 0 1-.017.094.51.51 0 0 0-.025.116c-.012.112-.08.141-.125.141-.056 0-.114-.086-.206-.248a1.91 1.91 0 0 1-.132-.33l-.005-.032c0-.02.012-.032.036-.032l.018.006z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M19.942 17.868l-.19.191c-.067.089-.067.167-.083.182s-.032.021-.058.025l-.012.001c-.048 0-.084-.035-.087-.083l-.008-.14-.009-.141v-.008c0-.054.03-.083.073-.092l.176-.049.181-.091c.053-.026.069-.033.078-.033.021 0 .039.022.039.048 0 .012-.006.03-.018.052l-.083.139z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M19.105 18.431l.124.092a.22.22 0 0 0 .111.028.51.51 0 0 0 .195-.053l.108-.049c.025-.011.047-.018.064-.018.066 0 .118.07.118.157 0 .122-.088.247-.216.429l-.09.191c-.072.103-.12.14-.179.14-.098 0-.146-.056-.293-.348-.106-.208-.149-.336-.149-.438 0-.087.045-.148.111-.148.027 0 .06-.006.096.016z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M19.216 18.884l.008.157c.004.071.063.142.12.142.076 0 .131-.115.16-.29l.019-.115c0-.061-.02-.077-.098-.077l-.044.002h-.058l-.037-.002c-.052 0-.072.04-.072.145l.002.038z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M8.359 21.057c.072.182.097.272.107.389l.016.346c.013.347.128.52.347.52.079 0 .145-.021.182-.058l.091-.091.036-.011c.058 0 .09.038.09.107l-.01.134c-.007.06.004.188.033.379a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 .025.333c0 .176-.013.244-.075.402.058.162.091.345.091.499 0 .18-.029.3-.099.402.033.142.041.199.041.28s-.011.187-.033.314c-.029.172-.041.305-.033.395l.001.021c0 .052-.016.078-.048.078s-.069-.024-.102-.066c-.05-.065-.083-.088-.121-.088-.057 0-.075.03-.16.278-.026.077-.093.18-.198.306-.082.098-.133.179-.149.24l-.049.173c-.01.022-.029.039-.05.041h-.01c-.136 0-.292-.292-.452-.842-.045-.156-.103-.225-.187-.225-.06 0-.121.04-.144.093l-.05.116c-.009.02-.026.033-.043.033-.066 0-.167-.121-.229-.273-.051-.126-.081-.263-.081-.38 0-.259.191-.452.766-.776.251-.141.348-.32.348-.643 0-.256-.077-.403-.297-.57-.175-.132-.275-.182-.368-.182-.078 0-.14.052-.14.118 0 .078.045.125.153.162.127.046.182.09.182.147s-.054.165-.141.299a.76.76 0 0 1-.264.273c-.039.227-.146.372-.397.537-.05.142-.078.193-.165.305l-.174.223a.72.72 0 0 0-.124.256c-.018.126-.03.148-.078.148-.066 0-.2-.116-.335-.289a.4.4 0 0 1-.107-.273c-.086.068-.113.077-.281.099-.101.014-.176.033-.223.059-.127.066-.168.084-.191.084-.034 0-.046-.018-.049-.076l-.008-.182c0-.249.098-.54.248-.734-.145-.125-.289-.202-.405-.215-.049-.005-.062-.011-.062-.029 0-.03.032-.095.078-.152.062-.078.111-.133.149-.165a.82.82 0 0 1 .479-.174c.107 0 .266.039.471.116.074.028.14.041.197.041.091 0 .142-.059.142-.163 0-.15-.074-.385-.241-.762-.112-.255-.163-.427-.163-.545 0-.286.135-.583.304-.668-.08-.04-.115-.05-.184-.05-.083 0-.148.021-.254.083-.122.071-.19.134-.19.176 0 .016.025.042.067.072.064.045.075.061.075.122 0 .204-.169.477-.405.654-.052.289-.185.464-.446.586-.034.157-.056.203-.182.38-.216.302-.266.399-.305.57-.02.089-.041.125-.068.125-.035 0-.108-.055-.188-.142l-.132-.158c-.035-.054-.053-.107-.091-.263-.06.017-.076.02-.118.02l-.121-.003-.083-.002c-.181 0-.373.041-.471.101-.036.022-.06.033-.072.033-.053 0-.097-.112-.097-.25 0-.298.083-.545.276-.814-.071-.059-.094-.081-.157-.148-.027-.03-.05-.05-.066-.058l-.091-.05c-.031-.017-.05-.037-.05-.054 0-.044.121-.159.264-.252.159-.102.285-.149.4-.149.135 0 .207.035.376.182.117.102.197.149.254.149.04 0 .084-.028.118-.075.028-.038.043-.08.043-.123 0-.158-.189-.424-.398-.562-.156-.102-.326-.157-.492-.157-.23 0-.428.114-.515.297l-.091.19c-.021.044-.048.067-.079.067-.053 0-.081-.024-.268-.241l-.214-.248a.66.66 0 0 1-.133-.214.49.49 0 0 0-.041-.107c-.007-.011-.036-.033-.082-.067-.166-.117-.287-.349-.356-.685l-.025-.107c-.202-.248-.323-.555-.323-.821a.36.36 0 0 1 .018-.113c-.118-.118-.131-.147-.224-.463-.066-.224-.108-.32-.19-.428-.022-.029-.033-.052-.033-.064 0-.045.069-.081.19-.101l.166-.019.165.011-.01-.226c0-.133.01-.219.044-.377a1.01 1.01 0 0 0 .025-.172 1.68 1.68 0 0 0-.017-.142.73.73 0 0 0-.024-.124c-.012-.031-.018-.055-.018-.07 0-.027.018-.041.049-.041.024 0 .058.012.109.036.144.071.263.143.355.215.285.223.509.566.509.779l-.004.065-.017.121c0 .036.02.084.058.134l.091.125c.081.11.133.238.133.324 0 .077-.016.111-.149.304-.1.144-.141.252-.141.369 0 .149.059.337.166.522.097.171.21.265.317.265.184 0 .265-.163.294-.604l.066-.627.008-.113c0-.052-.016-.082-.082-.161l-.249-.288c-.236-.276-.307-.418-.307-.616 0-.227.149-.384.365-.384l.099.009-.001-.064a.87.87 0 0 1 .042-.224c.052-.177.117-.314.151-.314.011 0 .038.013.08.041a1.22 1.22 0 0 0 .149.057.99.99 0 0 1 .164.082.73.73 0 0 1 .133-.289c.107-.138.228-.247.271-.247.026 0 .074.035.134.099l.157.165c.026.027.057.081.091.157l.033.074.099-.057.132-.075.157-.075c.042-.028.072-.043.085-.043.028 0 .043.05.105.323a1.9 1.9 0 0 1 .058.364c.264.037.388.188.388.471 0 .266-.131.531-.413.832-.077.083-.096.122-.096.199 0 .73.254.96 1.17 1.057a5.83 5.83 0 0 1 1.404.298c.355.106.559.15.691.15.156 0 .243-.057.243-.157 0-.153-.111-.201-.769-.34-1.531-.322-2.132-.845-2.132-1.854 0-.719.538-1.259 1.257-1.259.317 0 .6.097 1.048.355.416.241.502.282.597.282.111 0 .155-.071.155-.25 0-.116.035-.172.107-.172.066 0 .166.068.256.174.137.162.19.245.19.469 0 .299-.159.494-.471.58l-.074.082c-.17.192-.32.256-.59.256-.235 0-.53-.096-.732-.24l-.397-.28c-.171-.121-.296-.173-.416-.173-.169 0-.27.101-.27.27s.11.301.29.357l.372.116c.132.041.194.067.355.148l.185-.018a1.57 1.57 0 0 1 .699.174l.149.067.207.058c.469.131.851.656.851 1.168 0 .584-.379.946-.991.946l-.191-.009z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M8.218 25.961l.049-.1.116-.124a.61.61 0 0 0 .15-.427c0-.085-.015-.177-.043-.267a.67.67 0 0 1-.034-.146c0-.052.039-.102.079-.102.016 0 .039.015.062.042l.124.14c.077.087.103.103.199.124l.008-.115.008-.136a.96.96 0 0 0-.182-.558c-.066-.084-.096-.135-.096-.164s.022-.059.045-.059c.008 0 .02.006.034.017.08.059.121.084.143.084.04 0 .076-.1.076-.208a.77.77 0 0 0-.169-.461l-.099-.123c-.011-.016-.017-.032-.017-.047 0-.035.029-.061.072-.061.031 0 .05.008.102.041.024.016.047.025.063.025.064 0 .088-.09.088-.336l-.003-.102-.008-.149c-.009-.175-.025-.206-.099-.206H8.82c-.403 0-.591-.255-.695-.942-.075-.496-.26-.849-.487-.925-.136-.045-.184-.075-.184-.111 0-.023.038-.045.079-.045.03 0 .099.018.156.041.329.133.607.198.849.198.396 0 .708-.291.708-.66 0-.282-.134-.569-.376-.801a.47.47 0 0 0-.206-.124l-.016-.001-.042.014.017.119.032.083.009.034c0 .018-.017.032-.039.032s-.047-.013-.061-.034l-.149-.223c-.118-.176-.376-.323-.568-.323-.068 0-.111.03-.111.078 0 .023.022.066.05.097.042.048.075.105.075.132l-.009.033c-.009.019-.021.031-.033.033l-.008.001c-.04 0-.06-.018-.24-.223-.147-.168-.448-.332-.609-.332-.023 0-.044.01-.061.026-.01.011-.017.023-.017.032 0 .025.022.058.058.092.051.047.092.103.092.127 0 .016-.022.031-.046.031-.047 0-.153-.068-.351-.224-.308-.242-.446-.47-.446-.735 0-.319.228-.57.52-.57.171 0 .398.082.554.199l.405.305a1.07 1.07 0 0 0 .65.215c.052 0 .1-.012.143-.033.036-.018.058-.04.058-.055s-.031-.024-.075-.036c-.146-.035-.264-.085-.347-.148l-.413-.313-.323-.223c-.218-.114-.26-.141-.26-.167 0-.013.021-.024.047-.024s.047.006.073.017l.215.091a2.47 2.47 0 0 1 .347.206c.442.295.667.39.927.39.247 0 .429-.175.429-.413 0-.047-.012-.098-.034-.143l-.041-.082c-.014-.029-.041-.052-.049-.041l-.025.033-.025.174c-.001.007-.01.027-.025.058a.29.29 0 0 1-.057.082c-.045.044-.083.058-.152.058-.128 0-.271-.068-.658-.315s-.744-.379-1.024-.379A1.07 1.07 0 0 0 5.977 18c0 .827.505 1.2 2.09 1.546.603.131.868.308.868.576 0 .245-.198.399-.512.399a1.19 1.19 0 0 1-.224-.016 30.59 30.59 0 0 1-.851-.232c-.354-.098-.752-.154-1.103-.154-.622 0-1.041.185-1.326.584-.033.047-.066.075-.088.075s-.042-.012-.069-.033l-.115-.091a.56.56 0 0 0-.297-.113.26.26 0 0 0-.175.072c-.041.037-.072.057-.084.057-.046 0-.131-.104-.196-.239-.093-.193-.141-.386-.141-.562 0-.082.026-.14.062-.14.029 0 .05.022.062.066l.066.239c.037.134.112.239.169.239.025 0 .07-.036.12-.099.031-.038.053-.077.067-.116.052-.151.064-.173.105-.173.048 0 .073.03.106.181.007.028.016.07.054.142.033.062.067.113.099.149.025.027.056.042.085.042.073 0 .139-.121.139-.255l-.002-.035-.01-.153c0-.059.009-.077.043-.077.019 0 .034.01.058.04.035.046.083.085.141.115.05.027.091.041.118.041s.053-.015.08-.041.035-.044.035-.065-.03-.062-.117-.15c-.047-.048-.103-.16-.165-.33-.023-.065-.054-.109-.078-.109a.24.24 0 0 0-.054.018l-.107.041-.074.033-.028.006c-.035 0-.063-.025-.063-.057s.075-.121.166-.196c.065-.055.105-.136.107-.223.005-.139.031-.248.058-.248l.025-.289a2.98 2.98 0 0 1 .124-.569c.01-.03.023-.051.033-.051.023 0 .044.062.044.131l-.003.043-.005.084c0 .105.017.159.049.159s.077-.052.113-.143l.074-.19c.022-.056.033-.108.033-.154 0-.161-.096-.277-.23-.277l-.06.01-.058.017c-.043 0-.08-.048-.08-.104l.006-.119-.008-.165-.033-.173-.009-.083-.074.041-.091.075-.132.107-.108.091c-.019.016-.04.025-.061.025-.063 0-.071-.017-.071-.146v-.032c0-.104-.045-.185-.214-.384l-.042-.05-.032.058-.091.149-.091.231-.017.148c-.004.043-.021.076-.037.076s-.046-.022-.078-.059a.64.64 0 0 0-.355-.239l-.016.057-.05.174-.009.156v.066.053c0 .046-.017.073-.045.073l-.005-.001c-.003-.001-.019-.015-.049-.041-.019-.017-.054-.026-.1-.026-.154 0-.252.083-.252.215 0 .099.034.173.186.404.068.103.146.184.176.184.02 0 .037-.054.037-.117l-.015-.099a.41.41 0 0 1-.024-.126c0-.046.013-.071.039-.071.074 0 .151.214.183.512l.033.305a1.02 1.02 0 0 0 .099.33c.075.154.149.259.215.305.079.056.128.111.128.141s-.021.05-.044.05a5.64 5.64 0 0 1-.167-.059l-.069-.01c-.165 0-.22.094-.22.378a1.58 1.58 0 0 0 .488 1.044l.38.306c.193.154.339.411.339.595 0 .242-.265.479-.719.644l-.273.098c-.212.077-.297.214-.38.611a.68.68 0 0 1 .228-.042l.037.001.123.003c.111 0 .191-.067.191-.16v-.075c0-.022.031-.053.074-.075l.115-.058.091-.074c.014-.012.03-.019.046-.019.025 0 .045.024.045.051 0 .02-.006.046-.017.075-.028.073-.044.173-.044.284 0 .202.032.311.135.459.009-.055.018-.09.025-.107.017-.042.064-.117.141-.223.125-.175.217-.388.217-.503l-.003-.035-.025-.189c0-.034.015-.067.041-.091.018-.016.038-.024.057-.024.035 0 .057.021.085.082.019.046.043.074.059.074.029 0 .086-.076.122-.165.028-.066.041-.125.041-.175a.29.29 0 0 0-.025-.106.29.29 0 0 1-.026-.094c0-.021.007-.031.034-.055.014-.01.028-.017.042-.017s.033.007.049.017l.074.05c.025.017.048.025.066.025.033 0 .081-.037.116-.092.072-.11.117-.201.117-.235 0-.022-.014-.038-.059-.07-.164-.116-.273-.292-.273-.442 0-.035.008-.074.025-.119l.082-.223.066-.174.024-.009c.028 0 .045.023.045.064a.28.28 0 0 1-.019.094.54.54 0 0 0-.035.157c0 .059.03.091.086.091a.35.35 0 0 0 .138-.033c.25-.108.448-.166.567-.166.112 0 .182.025.3.108.031.022.058.034.076.034s.032-.013.048-.034c.01-.014.017-.029.017-.041 0-.03-.018-.069-.05-.107-.042-.052-.059-.085-.059-.117 0-.026.017-.043.044-.043.13 0 .333.41.527 1.059.152.513.195.565.685.843.415.234.573.466.573.843 0 .371-.103.846-.317 1.469-.067.197-.097.33-.097.44 0 .087.017.172.081.394l.057.19a.98.98 0 0 0 .065.124zm-1.916-1.156a1.38 1.38 0 0 1 .157-.281c.134-.201.182-.308.182-.404v-.133c0-.124.022-.182.072-.182a.05.05 0 0 1 .044.025l.042.066c.013.021.035.033.058.033s.069-.032.093-.069a.58.58 0 0 0 .096-.295l-.009-.091-.008-.093c0-.05.02-.072.068-.072.032 0 .046.013.073.075.017.04.042.066.062.066s.049-.018.069-.05l.066-.099.05-.075.012-.04c0-.023-.018-.044-.062-.076-.153-.11-.22-.28-.231-.587a2.62 2.62 0 0 0-.041-.454c-.005-.016-.054-.134-.149-.355a2.15 2.15 0 0 1-.099-.297c-.019-.076-.043-.1-.103-.1-.225 0-.394.192-.394.445 0 .149.062.384.175.67.159.401.201.544.201.686 0 .303-.121.435-.54.586-.473.169-.695.413-.777.85l.083-.033.115-.041.132-.033c.114-.028.205-.092.223-.157l.033-.115c.008-.028.024-.047.05-.058l.074-.033.074-.033.016.033-.033.107a.74.74 0 0 0-.017.192c0 .181.036.287.141.418zm-4.437-7.639l.017.093c0 .026-.011.097-.033.213l-.015.168a1.35 1.35 0 0 0 .072.435c.042.119.053.156.053.188l-.003.035c-.008.034-.02.059-.032.059s-.046-.018-.084-.052c-.095-.082-.198-.125-.305-.125a.81.81 0 0 0-.141.017l.041.091.124.306.174.264.181.125a.2.2 0 0 1 .05.049c.017.023.025.042.025.055s-.014.027-.033.028l-.166.008c-.025.001-.045.017-.045.035 0 .028.024.111.071.246l.083.24.14.132.148.108c.044.031.07.067.07.093s-.014.046-.029.047l-.082.008c-.027.003-.042.026-.042.066 0 .062.058.174.166.322.128.174.218.232.364.232h.124c.059 0 .095.029.095.076 0 .039-.025.061-.079.073-.114.024-.149.047-.149.1 0 .021.015.053.042.09l.067.091c.055.075.117.125.157.125.022 0 .074-.023.121-.076.074-.085.159-.154.268-.181.287-.073.347-.103.347-.169 0-.023-.011-.056-.033-.095-.091-.164-.124-.27-.124-.404 0-.103-.027-.175-.064-.175-.015 0-.041.025-.068.067-.068.104-.184.174-.289.174-.286 0-.631-.448-.801-1.041a1.65 1.65 0 0 1-.061-.445 2.32 2.32 0 0 1 .061-.504l.091-.405.011-.112c0-.205-.189-.468-.481-.673z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M2.46 18.315c-.061.115-.117.374-.117.538 0 .096.031.173.072.173.013 0 .03-.016.045-.041l.091-.166.059-.101c.033-.049.057-.097.057-.123 0-.098-.091-.219-.207-.28zm.907 3.723l.041.041.066.066c.161.167.185.183.263.183.072 0 .222-.041.307-.084.036-.018.058-.04.058-.057 0-.011-.03-.044-.082-.091l-.091-.083c-.069-.062-.171-.12-.22-.12-.095 0-.192.042-.342.145zm1.918 1.495a.82.82 0 0 1 .165.083l.132.082c.025.011.07.017.131.017.038 0 .072-.006.1-.017l.174-.066.165-.058c.044-.016.075-.041.075-.064 0-.012-.037-.03-.091-.043-.037-.01-.079-.023-.124-.041-.203-.082-.233-.094-.305-.094a.55.55 0 0 0-.422.201zm2.092 1.66c.055-.133.093-.155.281-.166.212-.012.414-.391.414-.648 0-.025-.009-.047-.019-.047s-.03.01-.056.027l-.123.074-.24.107c-.16.071-.301.285-.301.453a.57.57 0 0 0 .045.2z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M3.807 18.018l.082.116a.78.78 0 0 0 .179.129c.025 0 .038-.018.053-.071l.033-.125.009-.138c0-.109-.048-.15-.273-.208-.056-.015-.079-.013-.115-.042s-.079-.05-.099-.05-.034.01-.034.023l.009.037.041.123.116.207zm.883-.001l-.108.191-.041.045-.008.001c-.044 0-.088-.1-.091-.204l-.016-.164c.013-.068.053-.098.156-.116.084-.015.14-.031.166-.049l.132-.091.014-.003c.022 0 .038.015.038.04l-.003.011-.058.141-.182.197z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M4.474 18.579l.132-.066c.024-.012.045-.018.063-.018.064 0 .112.048.112.134 0 .094-.074.221-.175.403-.109.197-.191.331-.276.331-.119 0-.287-.189-.451-.505a.54.54 0 0 1-.063-.23c0-.104.046-.159.133-.159.036 0 .07.008.095.026l.074.05a.39.39 0 0 0 .21.066c.052 0 .101-.011.145-.033z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M4.384 18.761s.076.016.076.067l-.002.024-.025.123c-.027.165-.065.267-.119.267a.08.08 0 0 1-.063-.035c-.085-.12-.15-.274-.15-.358 0-.059.026-.089.079-.089l.014.001.091.016.099-.016z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M23.617 5.468l.033.124.067.264c.104.472.191.595.421.595.131 0 .24-.073.273-.182l.049-.166c.011-.038.04-.06.079-.06.09 0 .138.099.145.299.002.076.019.211.049.404.023.139.033.267.033.382 0 .084-.01.133-.049.237l.016.099c.028.163.035.227.035.303 0 .354-.017.459-.101.597.034.135.044.199.044.296a2.47 2.47 0 0 1-.027.291l-.033.248.008.148c.022.055.033.089.033.099 0 .023-.015.041-.033.041l-.165-.066-.182-.099c-.059-.032-.1-.064-.19-.148-.16.141-.183.154-.373.206-.274.076-.375.11-.429.149s-.093.057-.114.057c-.064 0-.109-.124-.109-.306 0-.264.015-.401.058-.504-.161-.054-.242-.074-.3-.074a.69.69 0 0 0-.121.016l-.037.004c-.024 0-.038-.029-.038-.079 0-.081.057-.242.133-.378.103-.184.274-.338.405-.364l.297-.057c.176-.034.281-.128.281-.251s-.077-.197-.257-.261l-.347-.124c-.117-.042-.227-.094-.331-.157l-.181-.108c-.03-.016-.062-.024-.09-.024-.073 0-.118.054-.118.141 0 .14.108.255.24.255.03 0 .058-.006.084-.017a.27.27 0 0 1 .076-.025c.038 0 .065.036.065.089a1.04 1.04 0 0 1-.19.522l-.099.124-.075.099c-.027.213-.236.517-.446.652-.051.032-.082.054-.091.066s-.029.047-.066.116c-.017.032-.073.098-.166.198a1.55 1.55 0 0 1-.206.19c-.092.07-.148.121-.165.149l-.083.141c-.017.029-.038.043-.065.043-.074 0-.142-.077-.183-.207-.03-.097-.057-.125-.12-.125a.64.64 0 0 0-.145.025l-.115.016h-.29c-.156 0-.365.038-.463.084-.037.018-.066.026-.085.026-.043 0-.064-.043-.064-.126 0-.262.202-.659.464-.916-.039-.152-.119-.254-.223-.28l-.149-.041c-.015-.008-.025-.023-.025-.039 0-.053.059-.105.19-.167.235-.111.303-.132.434-.132.15 0 .276.051.433.174.224.174.285.207.393.207.176 0 .345-.161.345-.331 0-.114-.063-.241-.218-.438-.22-.281-.298-.464-.298-.702 0-.16.032-.247.174-.478.022-.037.035-.068.035-.089 0-.045-.075-.086-.159-.086-.088 0-.198.032-.347.1-.249.114-.397.22-.397.285 0 .026.015.052.041.07l.083.058c.01.007.017.02.017.034s-.016.043-.034.064-.072.09-.165.215a1.89 1.89 0 0 1-.346.363c-.045.034-.072.062-.084.083l-.066.124c-.055.103-.218.274-.356.371l-.115.091a.75.75 0 0 0-.075.115c-.084.151-.217.338-.305.429l-.223.231c-.064.066-.154.257-.24.511-.068.2-.111.29-.142.29-.014 0-.037-.018-.064-.05-.16-.183-.305-.298-.375-.298-.018 0-.051.015-.096.042-.063.038-.138.067-.223.083l-.297.057c-.249.049-.348.102-.463.248-.029.036-.053.057-.066.057-.029 0-.051-.043-.051-.1l.008-.072c.002-.008.016-.082.042-.223.043-.235.103-.43.165-.537l.149-.256c.026-.046.041-.093.041-.133 0-.19-.178-.345-.447-.387-.055-.008-.083-.028-.083-.06 0-.038.065-.111.166-.188.175-.132.368-.215.505-.215.092 0 .215.032.379.099l.182.074a.49.49 0 0 0 .184.043c.192 0 .379-.175.609-.57.104-.18.149-.308.149-.425 0-.209-.097-.335-.26-.335-.128 0-.25.054-.351.156-.09.091-.137.182-.137.264l.005.084.003.044c0 .067-.023.097-.072.097-.062 0-.135-.061-.278-.232l-.232-.272c-.251-.294-.303-.411-.314-.711-.28-.357-.35-.555-.35-.762l.011-.17c-.201-.241-.24-.334-.24-.572 0-.107.006-.135.05-.221-.099-.145-.13-.21-.157-.322l-.041-.174a.9.9 0 0 0-.132-.305c-.074-.106-.083-.122-.083-.153 0-.086.083-.142.29-.193l.066-.017-.017-.183c0-.048.006-.094.025-.197l.058-.306c.022-.119.034-.21.034-.271 0-.07-.011-.127-.05-.257-.025-.084-.054-.148-.082-.19s-.05-.084-.05-.109.028-.05.066-.05c.02 0 .055.01.083.027.279.152.584.393.801.636.187.208.247.381.289.843.253.188.348.358.348.626 0 .159-.052.313-.166.488l-.165.256c-.049.083-.075.179-.075.279 0 .149.045.289.157.488.123.219.234.314.365.314.217 0 .413-.374.413-.786l-.002-.081v-.223l.025-.198.016-.24.016-.199.006-.11c0-.081-.017-.105-.271-.376-.28-.3-.413-.554-.413-.789 0-.222.191-.408.42-.408a.6.6 0 0 1 .175.032v-.099l.009-.174.049-.214c.04-.171.058-.203.117-.203l.041.013.149.132.181.116.05.049c.012-.103.021-.124.107-.232l.115-.157.083-.124.05-.074c.033-.05.047-.063.069-.063s.038.029.064.121c.011.037.036.075.074.107l.108.091c.087.074.145.183.181.339a.49.49 0 0 1 .165-.149l.133-.074c.049-.028.079-.042.088-.042s.023.02.037.05c.019.043.041.085.066.124.106.171.116.196.116.311v.069.099c.268.074.372.218.372.514 0 .222-.102.451-.315.707-.141.17-.165.222-.165.35 0 .582.439.935 1.181.946l.545.008a2.67 2.67 0 0 1 .901.148c.382.125.507.158.623.158.084 0 .154-.047.154-.103 0-.119-.2-.212-.868-.401-1.361-.384-1.942-.935-1.942-1.836 0-.698.583-1.237 1.336-1.237a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 .82.141l.338.124a.52.52 0 0 0 .178.035c.117 0 .161-.073.178-.291.008-.097.039-.14.101-.14.087 0 .256.136.378.306s.215.404.215.554c0 .176-.092.31-.29.421-.185.282-.413.412-.72.412-.235 0-.635-.159-1.139-.454-.198-.116-.285-.148-.395-.148-.149 0-.244.083-.244.214 0 .119.088.194.334.28.391.139.475.185.587.323.421.073.604.146.868.346.754.242 1.174.707 1.174 1.303 0 .543-.368.935-.88.935a1.59 1.59 0 0 1-.402-.049z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M24.436 9.084a.58.58 0 0 1-.026-.152l.009-.112.026-.321c0-.061-.018-.109-.06-.166l-.099-.132c-.064-.087-.09-.151-.09-.225 0-.048.011-.064.044-.064l.038.008.074.041c.034.019.062.028.083.028.05 0 .075-.077.075-.232 0-.215-.04-.318-.165-.415l-.115-.091c-.02-.016-.034-.043-.034-.067 0-.04.023-.065.061-.065.023 0 .056.007.096.017l.091.025.035.008c.028 0 .041-.022.041-.07l-.002-.029-.025-.174c-.026-.18-.056-.249-.109-.249l-.015.002-.215.041-.036.003c-.258 0-.562-.245-.641-.515l-.157-.537c-.047-.161-.187-.338-.397-.504-.069-.053-.129-.085-.173-.09l-.148-.017c-.027-.003-.045-.019-.045-.04 0-.034.029-.05.09-.05a2.35 2.35 0 0 1 .732.14c.271.089.419.121.552.121.414 0 .663-.216.663-.573 0-.179-.065-.404-.157-.548-.081-.124-.216-.251-.389-.363-.025-.017-.048-.026-.065-.026-.023 0-.042.018-.042.042l.008.107v.01c0 .04-.023.073-.053.073-.046 0-.093-.054-.146-.165-.152-.323-.398-.517-.65-.517-.055 0-.087.019-.087.053 0 .025.015.063.043.109a1.02 1.02 0 0 1 .074.148c.013.032.02.056.02.071s-.013.024-.038.024c-.037 0-.098-.034-.139-.077l-.124-.132-.107-.166a.79.79 0 0 0-.33-.289l-.207-.107c-.041-.022-.078-.033-.105-.033s-.039.013-.039.038.013.059.037.095a.42.42 0 0 1 .076.165c0 .028-.018.05-.041.05-.058 0-.162-.104-.307-.305a.78.78 0 0 1-.158-.464c0-.348.268-.619.613-.619.177 0 .399.074.618.207l.397.24c.142.086.334.149.453.149.066 0 .085-.004.233-.042a.4.4 0 0 0 .107-.041.06.06 0 0 0 .03-.049c0-.032-.02-.047-.072-.05-.184-.014-.566-.164-.817-.323l-.273-.156c-.068-.024-.114-.059-.114-.088 0-.013.014-.02.036-.02l.048.008.36.132.347.124a2.18 2.18 0 0 0 .555.116c.157 0 .265-.108.265-.265 0-.079-.02-.168-.052-.23-.05-.099-.116-.182-.143-.182s-.05.033-.05.088l.004.044.01.106c0 .111-.061.184-.156.184a.46.46 0 0 1-.135-.026l-.537-.173c-.467-.151-.648-.19-.878-.19-.649 0-1.139.438-1.139 1.022 0 .658.452 1.071 1.612 1.472 1.125.39 1.272.479 1.272.775 0 .17-.16.307-.359.307a1 1 0 0 1-.194-.017l-.562-.132c-.345-.084-.637-.116-1.027-.116-.819 0-1.214.125-1.642.521-.099.092-.139.109-.249.109l-.056-.002-.13-.008c-.099 0-.174.047-.234.149l-.132.223c-.018.031-.054.049-.095.049-.086 0-.131-.057-.212-.256a.64.64 0 0 0-.165-.249l-.174-.149c-.026-.023-.041-.044-.041-.06s.015-.044.041-.08a.84.84 0 0 0 .075-.115c.026-.047.039-.081.041-.1l.008-.074c.006-.024.03-.041.059-.041.055 0 .064.036.066.24a.59.59 0 0 0 .066.223l.091.198c.012.026.041.042.075.042.086 0 .194-.201.223-.413.024-.176.043-.232.079-.232s.049.021.119.166c.022.044.056.087.099.124s.075.054.099.058h.009c.068 0 .091-.043.107-.199l.008-.082-.016-.116-.011-.08c0-.053.018-.085.049-.085.018 0 .04.012.062.033l.082.083c.055.055.111.083.166.083.071 0 .115-.031.115-.081 0-.041-.009-.061-.082-.183a2.51 2.51 0 0 1-.058-.107c-.073-.139-.108-.174-.173-.174l-.084.008-.107.041c-.032.012-.054.019-.066.019s-.025-.014-.025-.033c0-.074.049-.192.141-.336.057-.09.104-.311.14-.649l.042-.388c.025-.238.051-.323.099-.323.017 0 .031.007.033.017l.024.124v.099c0 .12.013.218.028.218.035 0 .087-.041.137-.111.036-.05.063-.106.083-.165.027-.089.042-.161.042-.217 0-.191-.081-.273-.339-.345-.026-.007-.043-.016-.049-.025l-.009-.074v-.14l-.017-.1-.032-.083-.042-.091-.066.041c-.169.106-.21.138-.265.206-.075.095-.101.119-.132.119-.023 0-.041-.016-.041-.036l.033-.141.003-.024c0-.181-.102-.356-.284-.487l-.058.066-.058.083-.099.116a.39.39 0 0 0-.092.245l.001.027.001.028c0 .065-.01.088-.041.088l-.018-.008-.066-.082-.082-.099-.149-.091-.074-.058c-.08.173-.083.191-.083.414v.069c0 .074-.024.119-.064.119-.019 0-.054-.014-.101-.041-.037-.021-.082-.034-.123-.034-.12 0-.209.102-.209.241 0 .151.032.255.133.42.065.107.15.194.19.194.005 0 .015-.076.025-.177l-.025-.14-.005-.063c0-.053.019-.086.05-.086.046 0 .075.051.104.19l.066.306.066.388a1.54 1.54 0 0 0 .099.33 1.66 1.66 0 0 0 .14.289c.092.118.102.134.102.16 0 .02-.017.038-.036.038s-.043-.009-.075-.025a.32.32 0 0 0-.099-.033l-.06-.009c-.137 0-.165.11-.165.658 0 .342.071.798.159 1.019l.174.438a.56.56 0 0 1 .042.205c0 .604-.817 1.569-1.678 1.983-.335.161-.434.328-.463.784a1.57 1.57 0 0 1 .289-.116c.244-.068.296-.103.33-.215l.033-.107c.015-.046.045-.068.215-.157.064-.033.109-.07.132-.107.043-.071.076-.106.098-.106s.036.016.036.043l-.002.013-.091.236-.01.058c0 .173.097.317.275.408l.024-.099c.029-.126.058-.209.083-.248l.158-.231c.057-.084.067-.139.067-.352l-.009-.26-.005-.066c0-.043.02-.066.058-.066.029 0 .053.011.055.025l.024.157c.006.033.04.058.081.058.08 0 .182-.102.291-.289.042-.073.059-.13.059-.197a1.9 1.9 0 0 0-.026-.257l-.003-.049c0-.041.024-.067.063-.067.021 0 .037.007.04.016l.058.191c.019.063.063.107.108.107.127 0 .258-.259.272-.537.008-.174.03-.235.083-.235.021 0 .036.008.041.02l.033.107c.012.039.036.065.059.065s.063-.037.115-.099a.83.83 0 0 0 .074-.107c.016-.029.024-.059.024-.087 0-.042-.009-.053-.074-.103s-.091-.104-.091-.173c0-.12.051-.248.198-.504.135-.232.153-.259.186-.259s.055.031.055.07c0 .024-.006.049-.017.072-.022.048-.034.081-.034.099 0 .032.029.059.066.059a.34.34 0 0 0 .15-.05 1.66 1.66 0 0 1 .223-.091l.281-.099c.052-.016.111-.025.17-.025.048 0 .096.006.144.017.094.022.158.034.19.034a.13.13 0 0 0 .133-.131.35.35 0 0 0-.051-.143l-.074-.115c-.036-.038-.051-.059-.051-.074l.009-.033c.01-.02.028-.033.047-.033.065 0 .193.133.308.323.648 1.057.962 1.391 1.438 1.535.496.15.613.255.613.551 0 .157-.083.346-.258.588-.33.458-.447.726-.447 1.031l.001.068.091-.042c.068-.034.112-.054.133-.058l.206-.041c.065-.013.117-.09.117-.173l-.001-.016-.016-.182-.002-.029c0-.102.05-.187.112-.187.023 0 .049.021.063.05l.132.28c.053.115.116.17.288.248zM17.663 3.42l-.008.132-.002.081c0 .134.021.192.071.192s.141-.102.179-.215a.84.84 0 0 0 .042-.224.41.41 0 0 0-.042-.156c-.037-.09-.075-.132-.121-.132-.071 0-.104.091-.118.322z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M17.089 1.893l.116.115c.169.169.285.513.285.846l-.004.137-.025.388-.008.325c0 1.079.314 1.815.776 1.815.116 0 .258-.107.356-.265.021-.034.049-.06.066-.06.026 0 .039.022.041.068l.017.182.016.156.025.174.025.162c0 .083-.017.092-.215.119a.55.55 0 0 0-.231.091c-.128.082-.203.139-.215.165l-.091.19c-.012.024-.032.041-.053.041-.048 0-.113-.073-.204-.231-.084-.146-.121-.23-.121-.269 0-.026.021-.037.072-.037h.017l.099.008.074-.008.067-.008c.028-.007.049-.031.049-.061 0-.02-.013-.038-.033-.046l-.372-.158c-.089-.038-.185-.134-.272-.272-.095-.152-.151-.285-.151-.36 0-.059.025-.097.065-.097.016 0 .037.006.061.019a.31.31 0 0 0 .097.033c.014 0 .03-.006.044-.017s.025-.027.025-.04c0-.024-.025-.055-.066-.085-.309-.219-.497-.485-.497-.704 0-.064.015-.094.047-.094l.061.006c.045.009.099.017.116.017.045 0 .076-.025.076-.064 0-.024-.03-.054-.076-.076-.206-.103-.257-.162-.388-.455-.101-.224-.153-.318-.24-.429.108-.052.166-.067.257-.067.113 0 .184.074.264.273.05.126.105.211.137.211.015 0 .021-.026.021-.095a.96.96 0 0 0-.034-.248c-.02-.075-.029-.137-.024-.182l-.017-.116-.091-.05c-.084-.045-.141-.154-.141-.271a.61.61 0 0 1 .017-.15l.05-.191a1.6 1.6 0 0 0 .059-.349v-.071l.074.082zm.992 5.953a1.22 1.22 0 0 1-.396-.123.75.75 0 0 0-.31-.084c-.131 0-.231.041-.351.141l.074.057.166.116.158.124c.04.032.089.05.139.05.162 0 .299-.074.522-.281zm3.182 1.502a.47.47 0 0 1 .165-.215c.231-.198.339-.345.339-.462v-.083-.099c0-.106.017-.141.073-.141.025 0 .045.01.051.025l.041.098c.01.023.036.037.07.037.059 0 .101-.042.203-.21.043-.071.061-.117.061-.164 0-.029-.006-.061-.02-.093l-.058-.131a.4.4 0 0 1-.034-.129c0-.054.027-.086.074-.086.025 0 .047.01.06.026l.065.082c.015.018.019.029.044.029s.085-.029.106-.07l.066-.132c.017-.033.025-.059.025-.075 0-.028-.026-.056-.067-.073l-.116-.05c-.135-.058-.248-.291-.248-.512 0-.025.009-.061.025-.107l.05-.141a.41.41 0 0 0 .025-.137c0-.081-.025-.159-.082-.251l-.099-.173c-.048-.123-.076-.164-.117-.164-.029 0-.057.011-.106.039l-.083.05-.116.133-.116.057c-.069.035-.135.184-.135.309 0 .178.039.275.309.757.114.204.168.355.168.47 0 .336-.343.613-.903.727-.669.137-.815.248-.892.678.116-.06.162-.068.366-.068l.121.002h.019c.111 0 .125-.008.196-.107a.62.62 0 0 1 .273-.23l.132-.058.107-.058.033-.009c.03 0 .046.012.046.035 0 .028-.027.076-.079.139-.08.097-.126.196-.126.272 0 .11.018.166.085.265z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M20.223 8.069c.095.059.191.145.248.223.079.108.09.116.169.116a.52.52 0 0 0 .12-.017l.074-.016c.141-.027.183-.047.183-.085 0-.023-.013-.046-.035-.064l-.099-.082-.091-.083a.44.44 0 0 0-.261-.092c-.103 0-.186.027-.309.1zm2.675.446l.049-.009.083-.008.066.008.045.003c.084 0 .127-.009.162-.036.051-.039.104-.101.157-.19.021-.035.032-.068.032-.094 0-.056-.051-.088-.141-.088-.227 0-.366.126-.454.413z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M19.816 2.81c.009.077.049.14.09.14.035 0 .09-.118.176-.263.117-.199.214-.365.214-.471 0-.035-.018-.062-.041-.062l-.009.003-.091.084a.94.94 0 0 1-.273.148c-.106.038-.136.07-.136.14l.012.067.069.143-.011.072zm-.724-.611c-.029-.024-.07-.042-.092-.042-.035 0-.05.018-.05.06l.002.024c.006.045.018.092.032.14a.72.72 0 0 0 .109.231l.125.209a.43.43 0 0 0 .18.114l.006.001c.022 0 .041-.014.043-.034l.026-.165.041-.149.005-.035c0-.04-.023-.076-.062-.096l-.141-.075-.222-.181z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M19.637 3.248h-.044l-.096-.009c-.003-.001-.037-.021-.1-.059-.037-.022-.077-.033-.116-.033-.076 0-.121.047-.121.126 0 .062.037.182.105.344l.108.264c.091.231.185.33.31.33.107 0 .193-.088.26-.263l.091-.372c.044-.116.153-.164.153-.245 0-.095-.106-.186-.196-.186l-.048.009-.124.084-.182.008z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M19.627 3.477h-.099c-.015 0-.03.009-.041.025-.016.023-.025.038-.025.041l.041.198.033.173c.019.095.034.133.105.133.081 0 .15-.055.159-.157l.017-.182.016-.188c0-.018-.009-.036-.024-.051s-.027-.018-.043-.018l-.007.001-.132.025z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M8.2 5.467l.033.124.066.264c.104.472.192.595.421.595.131 0 .24-.073.273-.182l.05-.166c.011-.038.04-.06.079-.06.089 0 .131.093.135.3.002.059.021.194.059.404.022.124.032.245.032.36a.59.59 0 0 1-.049.259c.028.162.05.38.05.506 0 .204-.038.394-.099.493a1.04 1.04 0 0 1 .042.311 1.55 1.55 0 0 1-.026.275l-.044.285a.35.35 0 0 0 .019.111c.016.047.025.081.025.099 0 .023-.011.041-.025.041l-.165-.066-.182-.099c-.059-.032-.099-.064-.19-.148-.161.144-.208.166-.628.281-.084.022-.146.048-.182.074-.052.037-.09.057-.11.057-.071 0-.105-.114-.105-.35 0-.175.018-.337.05-.46a.94.94 0 0 0-.295-.074 1.68 1.68 0 0 0-.126.016l-.031.003c-.024 0-.044-.036-.044-.079 0-.032.022-.112.051-.179l.082-.198c.03-.072.098-.154.198-.239a.53.53 0 0 1 .215-.125l.297-.057c.177-.034.282-.128.282-.251s-.08-.199-.257-.261l-.356-.124a1.91 1.91 0 0 1-.323-.157c-.197-.117-.23-.132-.277-.132-.071 0-.112.054-.112.147 0 .147.096.25.232.25.028 0 .056-.006.083-.017.04-.016.069-.025.085-.025.037 0 .058.022.058.063l-.002.036-.017.14c-.014.12-.092.265-.264.496l-.074.099a1.14 1.14 0 0 1-.446.652l-.091.066c-.007.008-.029.047-.066.116-.017.032-.072.098-.165.198-.07.076-.139.139-.207.19-.092.07-.148.121-.165.149l-.083.141c-.015.025-.04.041-.067.041-.073 0-.14-.076-.182-.206-.03-.097-.057-.125-.12-.125-.032 0-.081.009-.144.025l-.116.016h-.298c-.148 0-.358.039-.454.084-.038.018-.067.026-.085.026s-.033-.011-.055-.051c-.015-.028-.018-.041-.018-.066 0-.151.108-.435.249-.661.09-.143.119-.176.223-.264-.033-.14-.123-.249-.231-.28l-.141-.041c-.019-.006-.033-.022-.033-.04 0-.043.067-.102.191-.167.161-.085.324-.132.454-.132.137 0 .27.054.422.174.224.175.284.207.393.207.177 0 .345-.162.345-.331 0-.113-.06-.234-.218-.438-.23-.298-.299-.452-.299-.671 0-.136.042-.309.093-.386l.083-.123c.017-.028.028-.055.028-.08 0-.055-.064-.095-.149-.095-.13 0-.381.093-.581.215-.099.061-.166.132-.166.176 0 .026.013.05.034.064l.091.058c.011.007.018.02.018.034s-.014.038-.034.064l-.165.215a2.76 2.76 0 0 1-.347.363.57.57 0 0 0-.083.083c-.001.001-.023.042-.066.124a1.3 1.3 0 0 1-.364.371c-.061.042-.099.072-.115.091s-.034.053-.066.115c-.021.04-.057.098-.108.173-.081.12-.148.205-.198.256L3.4 8.67c-.071.071-.133.209-.231.511-.058.183-.111.29-.142.29-.014 0-.037-.018-.065-.051-.164-.187-.305-.298-.379-.298-.017 0-.048.014-.092.042-.061.038-.136.067-.223.083l-.305.057c-.231.044-.322.094-.455.248-.032.036-.058.057-.072.057-.025 0-.044-.041-.044-.096l.008-.077.042-.223c.044-.239.098-.416.165-.537l.14-.256c.028-.05.042-.095.042-.134 0-.19-.197-.365-.437-.387-.061-.005-.084-.02-.084-.054 0-.042.067-.125.159-.193.165-.126.382-.215.52-.215.084 0 .213.035.371.099l.182.074a.49.49 0 0 0 .184.043c.192 0 .379-.175.609-.57.104-.179.149-.308.149-.424 0-.208-.099-.336-.262-.336a.53.53 0 0 0-.357.156c-.083.084-.127.172-.127.256l.003.092.001.02c0 .077-.026.12-.072.12-.078 0-.191-.111-.516-.504-.242-.293-.296-.418-.306-.711-.28-.357-.35-.508-.35-.762l.011-.17c-.194-.233-.249-.36-.249-.574 0-.078.013-.124.059-.218-.099-.145-.13-.21-.157-.322l-.041-.174c-.028-.118-.073-.22-.132-.305-.075-.107-.083-.121-.083-.158 0-.096.066-.134.356-.205-.012-.08-.017-.142-.017-.183 0-.048.006-.094.025-.197l.058-.306c.023-.123.035-.211.035-.264s-.009-.098-.06-.263a.9.9 0 0 0-.074-.19c-.027-.042-.05-.094-.05-.113 0-.029.02-.045.057-.045.082 0 .298.131.522.316.474.392.572.549.637 1.023l.025.166c.227.167.347.369.347.585a1.03 1.03 0 0 1-.165.529l-.166.256a.5.5 0 0 0-.074.273c0 .155.045.298.157.494.127.223.235.314.368.314.218 0 .409-.379.409-.81v-.058l-.001-.149c0-.084.005-.167.018-.272l.024-.24.009-.199.003-.13c0-.046-.024-.093-.086-.158l-.181-.198c-.263-.287-.407-.556-.407-.757a.42.42 0 0 1 .422-.439.6.6 0 0 1 .175.032v-.056c0-.364.075-.633.175-.633l.04.013.149.132.181.116.05.049c0-.102.005-.113.108-.232.025-.028.063-.081.115-.157l.082-.124.042-.074c.022-.042.044-.062.068-.062s.042.03.072.12c.019.056.032.071.174.198.049.044.083.081.098.108s.036.078.067.164l.025.067a.5.5 0 0 1 .165-.149l.124-.074c.046-.028.078-.043.092-.043s.026.02.041.05.035.07.066.124c.088.153.117.227.117.299l-.002.081V1.9c.271.085.373.225.373.517 0 .21-.11.451-.323.705-.142.169-.158.202-.158.32 0 .611.426.965 1.175.976l.553.008c.356.006.569.041.9.148.393.128.507.158.621.158.038 0 .076-.012.107-.034s.049-.049.049-.073c0-.116-.203-.209-.867-.397-1.363-.386-1.941-.934-1.941-1.836 0-.697.58-1.237 1.33-1.237a2.89 2.89 0 0 1 .826.141l.338.124c.062.023.122.035.178.035.115 0 .174-.096.177-.291.003-.104.026-.14.094-.14.095 0 .242.119.377.306s.224.401.224.542c0 .188-.088.319-.29.432-.185.282-.414.412-.72.412-.239 0-.578-.135-1.139-.454-.196-.111-.295-.148-.398-.148-.146 0-.241.084-.241.214 0 .119.092.196.334.28.357.125.445.174.586.323.421.073.604.146.868.346.725.23 1.175.724 1.175 1.291 0 .551-.373.947-.892.947a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-.391-.05z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M9.021 9.083a.91.91 0 0 1-.03-.199l.006-.065.025-.132.009-.107c0-.115-.019-.196-.058-.248L8.872 8.2c-.032-.044-.061-.097-.082-.158-.011-.03-.017-.054-.017-.069 0-.037.023-.061.06-.061.022 0 .031.004.106.048.032.019.06.028.081.028.049 0 .076-.08.076-.22 0-.159-.015-.248-.05-.288l-.124-.14-.107-.091c-.026-.022-.044-.05-.044-.072 0-.035.027-.06.067-.06s.117.018.183.042l.038.008c.034 0 .047-.02.047-.068l-.002-.03-.025-.174-.049-.181c-.016-.059-.025-.068-.063-.068l-.021.003-.206.041-.033.003c-.271 0-.557-.228-.644-.515l-.165-.537c-.051-.166-.175-.323-.397-.504-.067-.055-.124-.086-.165-.09l-.149-.017c-.027-.003-.045-.019-.045-.041 0-.034.032-.049.103-.049l.272.024a2.14 2.14 0 0 1 .446.116c.247.085.414.121.554.121.413 0 .661-.223.661-.597 0-.256-.134-.545-.338-.731-.117-.104-.233-.182-.273-.182-.023 0-.042.019-.042.044l.008.105v.01c0 .041-.024.073-.057.073-.042 0-.089-.054-.143-.165-.156-.325-.404-.518-.661-.518-.043 0-.074.018-.074.044 0 .017.013.057.041.119l.066.148a.28.28 0 0 1 .027.076c0 .009-.016.018-.035.018-.038 0-.098-.034-.14-.078l-.123-.132-.108-.166c-.086-.132-.155-.192-.339-.289l-.198-.107c-.038-.022-.073-.033-.103-.033s-.044.014-.044.043.011.058.032.09c.061.094.085.141.085.166s-.019.049-.043.049c-.064 0-.197-.13-.315-.305-.097-.145-.149-.307-.149-.464 0-.355.259-.619.61-.619.181 0 .41.077.621.207l.388.24a1.02 1.02 0 0 0 .452.149 1.11 1.11 0 0 0 .242-.042c.036-.01.07-.023.099-.041.023-.014.039-.032.039-.046s-.009-.032-.023-.036l-.049-.016-.182-.034c-.047-.008-.122-.036-.223-.083l-.414-.206a1.61 1.61 0 0 0-.272-.156c-.067-.023-.109-.053-.109-.079s.013-.036.037-.036.054.011.088.032c.122.076.228.116.306.116l.355.124c.176.062.433.116.549.116.15 0 .271-.122.271-.273a.72.72 0 0 0-.143-.362c-.019-.027-.039-.042-.056-.042-.033 0-.051.024-.051.066l.008.067.013.098c0 .107-.072.191-.164.191a.44.44 0 0 1-.13-.026l-.537-.173c-.45-.145-.658-.19-.884-.19-.642.001-1.132.442-1.132 1.022 0 .657.462 1.081 1.603 1.472 1.123.385 1.281.479 1.281.768 0 .166-.168.314-.356.314a1.03 1.03 0 0 1-.198-.017l-.562-.132a4.18 4.18 0 0 0-1.028-.116c-.81 0-1.26.142-1.649.521-.097.095-.129.109-.241.109l-.056-.002-.116-.008h-.015c-.097 0-.169.045-.233.149l-.141.223c-.023.031-.058.049-.094.049-.074 0-.119-.056-.203-.256a.7.7 0 0 0-.173-.249l-.165-.149c-.027-.024-.042-.046-.042-.063s.012-.045.033-.077c.079-.115.107-.166.116-.215.022-.11.025-.115.071-.115s.066.051.07.24a.6.6 0 0 0 .067.223l.091.198c.011.026.041.042.074.042.085 0 .194-.201.223-.413.024-.177.042-.232.079-.232.015 0 .029.006.036.017s.034.061.074.148a.33.33 0 0 0 .108.124.34.34 0 0 0 .099.058l.01.001c.067 0 .09-.044.106-.2l.008-.082-.017-.116-.012-.08c0-.053.019-.085.049-.085.018 0 .04.012.062.033l.083.083c.055.054.11.082.163.082.069 0 .111-.028.111-.073 0-.04-.015-.079-.076-.191l-.058-.107c-.066-.125-.119-.174-.181-.174l-.083.008-.099.041c-.03.012-.052.019-.065.019s-.026-.014-.026-.033c0-.074.048-.191.14-.336.065-.105.11-.328.132-.649.028-.431.086-.711.146-.711.041 0 .057.035.057.127l-.004.113-.003.079c0 .077.017.139.037.139.071 0 .155-.105.222-.276.028-.072.043-.128.043-.168l-.009-.038-.165-.306-.165-.049c-.031-.009-.051-.023-.058-.037V1.9v-.09l-.016-.1-.033-.083-.041-.091c-.181.098-.267.163-.331.247s-.101.12-.133.12c-.021 0-.04-.02-.04-.044s.008-.065.025-.134l.005-.046c0-.178-.108-.352-.286-.465l-.05.066-.058.083-.099.116a.48.48 0 0 0-.083.165.32.32 0 0 0-.017.094v.013l.001.03c0 .069-.007.086-.038.086l-.02-.009-.058-.082-.09-.099-.14-.091-.074-.058-.033.074c-.026.058-.04.102-.041.133l-.009.132-.008.14.001.024c0 .072-.017.1-.061.1-.015 0-.057-.018-.097-.041a.24.24 0 0 0-.12-.034c-.129 0-.211.089-.211.228 0 .165.049.323.133.433l.107.14c.03.037.084.07.087.049l.02-.173-.025-.14-.005-.063c0-.053.018-.086.049-.086.047 0 .075.051.105.19l.066.306.067.388a1.54 1.54 0 0 0 .099.33 1.71 1.71 0 0 0 .141.289c.092.118.102.134.102.16 0 .02-.017.038-.035.038s-.043-.009-.074-.025a.34.34 0 0 0-.099-.033l-.065-.009c-.133 0-.16.114-.16.665a3.35 3.35 0 0 0 .159 1.012l.173.438a.54.54 0 0 1 .041.205c0 .602-.799 1.547-1.677 1.983-.327.161-.431.317-.454.676l-.008.108a1.15 1.15 0 0 1 .28-.116c.246-.064.294-.095.331-.215l.032-.107c.013-.04.033-.055.223-.157.065-.034.111-.072.133-.107.041-.07.076-.107.098-.107s.032.01.032.027l-.007.029-.082.236-.01.058c0 .175.096.317.274.408.029-.191.049-.256.108-.346l.148-.231c.055-.086.078-.19.078-.353a1.53 1.53 0 0 0-.02-.258l-.006-.065c0-.042.022-.066.058-.066.029 0 .052.01.055.024l.033.157c.006.034.041.058.08.058.08 0 .183-.103.291-.289a.44.44 0 0 0 .061-.219l-.012-.112-.025-.123-.002-.024c0-.054.03-.092.073-.092.019 0 .034.007.037.016l.049.191c.017.063.061.107.107.107.056 0 .151-.096.207-.207a.73.73 0 0 0 .075-.338c0-.176.018-.227.083-.227.021 0 .037.007.041.02l.033.107c.013.039.036.065.059.065.034 0 .127-.1.189-.206.017-.027.025-.055.025-.077 0-.035-.024-.071-.075-.113-.086-.071-.091-.082-.091-.19s.017-.158.091-.289l.107-.198c.104-.204.142-.257.18-.257.032 0 .06.034.06.073 0 .022-.006.045-.017.068a.28.28 0 0 0-.033.098c0 .032.027.059.061.059s.088-.017.146-.05c.022-.013.099-.042.231-.091l.273-.099a.49.49 0 0 1 .165-.025.66.66 0 0 1 .148.017l.191.034c.075 0 .141-.064.141-.138 0-.055-.057-.163-.133-.251-.028-.033-.042-.058-.042-.075l.01-.033c.011-.02.028-.033.044-.033.056 0 .186.139.303.323.711 1.119.966 1.39 1.446 1.535.486.148.613.261.613.55 0 .158-.081.341-.258.589-.36.503-.447.706-.447 1.038v.061l.091-.042c.067-.034.112-.054.132-.058l.206-.041c.062-.013.117-.092.117-.169l-.001-.021-.025-.182-.002-.024c0-.064.032-.138.076-.174.014-.01.028-.018.043-.018.023 0 .051.022.065.051l.132.28c.054.115.117.169.288.248zm-6.66-5.985c-.06 0-.091.052-.097.165l-.016.156-.02.2c0 .118.035.205.083.205s.135-.101.177-.216c.025-.07.037-.13.037-.193 0-.055-.013-.121-.037-.187-.03-.084-.076-.132-.126-.132zm-.685-1.205l.116.115c.189.188.282.501.282.945 0 .098-.005.163-.026.425l-.017.34c0 1.024.333 1.798.774 1.798.139 0 .229-.066.359-.264.021-.032.054-.06.075-.06s.039.021.041.068l.017.182.017.156.016.174.025.157.002.02c0 .046-.02.072-.059.079l-.149.025c-.074.012-.152.043-.231.091-.125.075-.199.132-.215.165l-.091.19c-.013.024-.032.041-.052.041-.048 0-.125-.084-.213-.231-.075-.126-.121-.228-.121-.27 0-.026.02-.036.073-.036h.016l.107.008.066-.008.075-.008c.028-.004.05-.028.05-.058 0-.022-.014-.041-.033-.049l-.371-.158a.58.58 0 0 1-.281-.272c-.102-.196-.15-.313-.15-.371 0-.051.027-.085.067-.085.014 0 .034.006.058.018a.33.33 0 0 0 .105.033c.032 0 .061-.025.061-.052s-.03-.062-.066-.089c-.31-.225-.488-.484-.488-.707 0-.062.015-.092.048-.092l.06.007.107.016h.005c.04 0 .071-.026.071-.064 0-.023-.028-.054-.068-.076l-.132-.074c-.046-.029-.085-.068-.115-.116a7.22 7.22 0 0 1-.14-.264l-.116-.223-.075-.14a.75.75 0 0 0-.05-.066.52.52 0 0 1 .257-.067c.113 0 .184.074.264.273.05.126.105.211.136.211.016 0 .021-.027.021-.097a.94.94 0 0 0-.034-.246c-.02-.075-.029-.137-.025-.182l-.016-.116-.099-.05c-.022-.01-.048-.04-.075-.082-.046-.072-.066-.133-.066-.188 0-.035.009-.092.025-.15.084-.315.108-.438.108-.54l-.001-.071.075.082z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M2.666 7.846c-.115-.017-.169-.03-.24-.058l-.157-.065c-.133-.057-.233-.084-.316-.084-.125 0-.227.042-.344.141l.074.057.165.116.157.124a.22.22 0 0 0 .136.05c.162 0 .303-.076.525-.281zm3.179 1.503c.045-.103.067-.131.165-.215.231-.198.338-.345.338-.462v-.083-.099c0-.106.018-.141.073-.141.025 0 .044.01.051.025l.041.098c.01.023.037.038.07.038s.079-.038.121-.096l.083-.115c.041-.058.06-.107.06-.161a.27.27 0 0 0-.018-.095l-.058-.132a.39.39 0 0 1-.034-.129c0-.054.027-.086.074-.086.024 0 .046.01.059.026l.066.082c.014.018.038.029.063.029.03 0 .065-.029.086-.07l.066-.132c.017-.033.026-.059.026-.074 0-.026-.027-.052-.075-.075l-.107-.05c-.142-.065-.249-.292-.249-.529a.24.24 0 0 1 .017-.09l.058-.141a.33.33 0 0 0 .025-.132c0-.086-.028-.172-.083-.256l-.108-.173c-.049-.13-.074-.167-.114-.167l-.042.01-.058.033-.091.05-.107.133-.115.057c-.069.035-.135.182-.135.303 0 .215.024.274.307.762.11.188.168.352.168.472 0 .338-.303.579-.911.725l-.38.091c-.28.067-.445.259-.504.587.116-.06.161-.068.366-.068l.122.002h.019c.11 0 .125-.008.195-.107.082-.114.162-.182.273-.23l.132-.058.107-.058.033-.009c.03 0 .046.012.046.034 0 .032-.03.086-.078.14-.095.106-.132.194-.132.32 0 .08.019.126.091.217z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M4.805 8.068a.95.95 0 0 1 .248.223c.079.108.09.116.168.116.033 0 .074-.006.121-.017l.074-.016c.136-.026.183-.046.183-.08 0-.02-.015-.045-.042-.069l-.091-.082-.091-.083a.45.45 0 0 0-.273-.093c-.099 0-.157.02-.298.101zm2.679.447l.049-.009.075-.008.074.008.036.003c.183 0 .36-.155.36-.319 0-.057-.052-.088-.146-.088-.223 0-.362.128-.449.414z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M4.402 2.81c.009.076.049.14.089.14.035 0 .075-.091.161-.237.117-.198.229-.392.229-.497 0-.035-.017-.062-.041-.062l-.008.003-.091.083c-.066.06-.118.088-.281.148-.093.036-.127.073-.127.141l.012.066.041.116.017.099z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M3.896 2.379l.14.075c.039.02.06.047.06.08l-.01.052c-.02.07-.004.147-.005.176-.007.148-.119.146-.165.146-.027 0-.013-.017-.078-.091l-.182-.206c-.056-.063-.105-.208-.124-.371l-.001-.021c0-.045.014-.062.05-.062.022 0 .063.018.091.042l.223.181zm.323.867h-.045l-.095-.009a3.81 3.81 0 0 1-.099-.059c-.037-.022-.078-.033-.118-.033-.075 0-.123.041-.123.104s.033.181.109.367l.108.264c.094.232.186.331.307.331.108 0 .123-.106.196-.289.165-.415.257-.476.257-.623 0-.1-.022-.127-.113-.127l-.077-.018-.132.084-.174.008z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M4.212 3.477h-.107c-.016 0-.032.009-.041.025l-.016.041.041.198.033.173c.018.095.053.133.124.133.081 0 .131-.055.14-.157l.016-.182.016-.188c0-.018-.009-.036-.025-.051s-.027-.018-.041-.018l-.008.001-.132.025z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M14.987 10.884c-.072-.176-.245-.3-.447-.3s-.375.124-.447.3h-.705c-.072-.176-.245-.3-.447-.3s-.375.124-.447.3h-.705c-.072-.176-.245-.3-.447-.3s-.375.124-.447.3H9.98v4.28h.81v1.641h.95v-1.64h2.399v1.64h.949v-1.64h.809v-4.28h-.911z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M10.965 15.539h.492v.632h-.492v-.632zm0 .774h.492v.2h-.492v-.2zm3.351-.774h.492v.632h-.492v-.632zm0 .774h.492v.2h-.492v-.2z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g fill="#e73337" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M10.309 11.234h5.256v.195h-5.256v-.195zm.002 3.599h5.254v-3.22h-5.256l.002 3.22z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><use xlink:href="#B" data-v-7c4b1471></use><path d="M12.715 11.1c0-.124.101-.225.225-.225s.225.101.225.225v.591c0 .124-.101.225-.225.225s-.225-.101-.225-.225V11.1zm1.598 0c0-.124.101-.225.225-.225s.225.101.225.225v.591c0 .124-.101.225-.225.225s-.225-.101-.225-.225V11.1zm-2.633 2.158c.339.424.766.633 1.294.633.489 0 .826-.175 1.222-.633-.395-.405-.763-.575-1.246-.575-.508 0-.966.207-1.27.575z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M12.938 12.873c-.364 0-.659.113-1.008.383.289.286.629.433 1.002.433.42 0 .694-.116 1.006-.425-.358-.284-.633-.391-1-.391zm-.014.483c-.195 0-.36-.052-.569-.183.174-.094.37-.142.578-.142a1.38 1.38 0 0 1 .597.142 1.03 1.03 0 0 1-.605.183zm2.079 1.191c-.157 0-.284-.127-.284-.283s.127-.284.284-.284.284.127.284.284-.127.283-.284.283z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M15.002 14.049c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.097.215.216.215.216-.097.216-.215-.097-.216-.216-.216z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M10.887 14.547c-.161 0-.293-.127-.293-.283s.127-.284.284-.284.284.127.284.284a.28.28 0 0 1-.275.283z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M10.876 14.049c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.101.215.225.215c.114 0 .208-.097.208-.215s-.097-.216-.216-.216z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M10.877 12.593c-.156 0-.284-.127-.284-.284s.127-.283.284-.283.284.127.284.283-.128.284-.284.284z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><use xlink:href="#C" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></use><path d="M15.003 12.593c-.157 0-.284-.127-.284-.284s.127-.283.284-.283.284.127.284.283-.127.284-.284.284z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M15.002 12.092c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.097.216.216.216.216-.097.216-.216-.097-.216-.216-.216z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><defs data-v-7c4b1471><clipPath id="A" data-v-7c4b1471><path fill="#fff" d="M0 0h148.235v30H0z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></clipPath><path id="B" d="M11.113 11.1c0-.124.101-.225.225-.225s.225.101.225.225v.591c0 .124-.101.225-.225.225s-.225-.101-.225-.225V11.1z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path id="C" d="M10.876 12.092c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.097.216.216.216.216-.097.216-.216-.097-.216-.216-.216z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></defs></svg></a></div><div class="gh-navAndProfile"><nav class="gh-nav"><div class="gh-accordion gh-mobile-nav"><div class="gh-menu-layer"><div class="gh-logo-mobile-container"><a href="https://www.cambridge.org/academic"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="149" height="30" viewbox="0 0 149 30" fill="none" aria-label="Homepage Cambridge University Press" class="gh-logo" data-v-7c4b1471><g clip-path="url(#A)" data-v-7c4b1471><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M147.065 1.786l.036 2.785-.445.114c-.1-1.217-.376-2.211-2.324-2.211h-2.618v5.147h2.247c1.103 0 1.402-.616 1.527-1.679h.447v4.304l-.446.007c-.069-1.029-.311-1.829-1.518-1.829h-2.257v4.52c0 1.314 1.133 1.314 2.332 1.314 2.151 0 3.149-.135 3.75-2.31l.441.098-.602 2.901h-9.774v-.482h.186c.75 0 1.443-.14 1.443-1.162V3.43c0-1.022-.693-1.163-1.443-1.163h-.186v-.481h9.204zm-53.267 0h-5.895v.481h.26c.486 0 1.388 0 1.388 1.525v9.569c0 .815-.748 1.104-1.388 1.104h-.26v.482h5.724v-.482h-.261c-.932 0-1.591-.115-1.591-1.6V8.766h1.454l3.918 6.18h3.371v-.492c-.889-.048-1.311-.356-1.828-1.153l-3.23-4.915.085-.035c1.152-.466 2.615-1.414 2.615-3.286 0-2.207-1.447-3.28-4.363-3.28zm-.749.536c1.685 0 2.804 1.123 2.804 2.858 0 2.138-.903 3.051-2.953 3.051h-1.125l.001-5.826a8.87 8.87 0 0 1 1.273-.083zm13.772-.539h-5.501v.481h.186c.751 0 1.443.142 1.443 1.163V13.3c0 1.021-.692 1.162-1.443 1.162h-.186v.481h5.501v-.481h-.186c-.75 0-1.444-.14-1.444-1.162V3.427c0-1.021.694-1.163 1.444-1.163h.186v-.481zM31.488 8.355c0 4.435 2.709 6.939 6.956 6.939 2.089 0 3.924-.818 5.112-2.354l-.345-.644c-1.055 1.355-2.452 2.089-4.412 2.089-3.487 0-4.927-3.074-4.927-6.324 0-3.652 1.781-5.919 4.647-5.919 2.79 0 3.616 1.617 4.112 3.383l.433-.056-.139-3.046c-1.373-.641-2.776-.945-4.46-.945-1.88 0-3.545.638-4.814 1.775-1.367 1.224-2.162 3.146-2.162 5.102zM59.883 4.33l4.761 10.706h.397l4.553-10.921.401 8.416.019.944c0 .893-.643.931-1.533.984l-.036.002v.475h5.464v-.475c-1.008-.038-1.544-.13-1.622-1.151l-.509-8.729c-.112-1.86.151-2.32 1.632-2.32h.07l.001-.485h-3.654l-4.231 9.975-4.472-9.974h-3.727v.479h.152c1.046 0 1.669.644 1.602 1.779l-.516 8.32c-.069 1.215-.161 2.046-1.657 2.106h-.169v.478h4.439v-.478h-.113c-1.21-.045-1.768-.203-1.689-2.003l.437-8.128zm55.196 10.61c1.826 0 3.63-.436 4.919-1.712 1.28-1.27 2.015-3.056 2.015-4.9 0-1.974-.668-3.636-1.93-4.81-1.28-1.191-3.113-1.741-5.301-1.741l-5.887.005v.482h.187c.749 0 1.443.141 1.443 1.162v9.871c0 1.023-.694 1.163-1.443 1.163h-.187v.483l6.184-.004zM114.1 2.349c3.704 0 5.505 1.986 5.505 6.347 0 2.806-1.514 5.669-4.841 5.669-1.413 0-2.003-.225-2.003-1.621l.001-10.334a17.99 17.99 0 0 1 1.338-.062zm19.119 11.918c-.493.224-1.326.347-2.132.33-3.496 0-5.062-3.303-5.062-6.636 0-3.628 1.855-5.882 4.914-5.882 2.267 0 3.277.887 3.823 3.15l.441-.028-.209-3.141c-1.018-.34-2.623-.651-4.184-.651-3.487 0-7.192 2.112-7.192 6.746 0 4.357 2.81 7.173 7.156 7.173 1.801 0 3.422-.307 4.63-.695l.002-3.592c0-.706.374-1.079 1.082-1.079h.153v-.47h-5.062v.47h.154c.973 0 1.487.374 1.487 1.079l-.001 3.226zM80.916 8.129c2.063 0 3.294 1.147 3.294 3.168 0 1.797-1.21 3.117-2.814 3.117-1.336 0-1.746-.368-1.746-1.654V8.129h1.265zm-.073-5.86c1.733 0 2.612.865 2.612 2.723 0 1.682-.999 2.562-2.813 2.562h-.991V2.269h1.192zm1.507 5.51c1.616-.261 3.451-1.032 3.451-3.117 0-1.883-1.511-2.878-4.256-2.878l-5.846.003v.481h.261c.484 0 1.387 0 1.387 1.524v9.548c0 .817-.748 1.121-1.387 1.121h-.261v.477l6.451.001c2.463 0 4.358-1.655 4.358-3.72 0-.866-.303-1.609-.877-2.195-.742-.759-1.624-1.124-3.281-1.245zM50.387 1.784l4.289 11.418c.318.903.783 1.258 1.463 1.258h.04l-.001.486H51.08v-.486h.116c.991 0 1.38-.415 1.082-1.327L51.24 10.24h-4.149l-.956 2.654c-.42 1.245.237 1.553 1.201 1.553h.174l.001.494h-4.008l.002-.494h.045c.811 0 1.358-.498 1.668-1.305 0-.001 4.18-11.36 4.18-11.36l.992.002zm-3.065 7.81h3.684l-1.84-5.127-1.845 5.127zM32.257 20.335c.66 0 .829.18.829.672v4.573c0 1.56 1.153 2.449 3.111 2.449 1.982 0 3.063-1.02 3.063-2.677v-4.141c0-.744.18-.876.793-.876v-.348l-1.093.024a30.18 30.18 0 0 1-1.237-.024v.348c.625.012.925.012.925 1.116v3.997c0 1.272-.757 2.077-2.102 2.077-1.333 0-2.054-.84-2.054-2.089v-4.43c0-.612.264-.672.781-.672h.084v-.348l-1.573.024c-.409 0-.841-.012-1.526-.024v.348zm9.028 0c.829.024 1.237.312 1.237.732v5.33c0 .78-.252 1.056-1.177 1.068v.348l1.429-.024a43.1 43.1 0 0 1 1.453.024v-.348h-.048c-.877 0-1.165-.336-1.165-1.128v-4.982l5.909 6.686h.312v-6.578c0-.6.216-1.128.853-1.128h.264v-.348l-1.429.024c-.288 0-.757-.012-1.393-.024v.348c.853 0 1.213.192 1.213 1.14v4.189l-5.045-5.678-1.081.024c-.432 0-.877-.012-1.333-.024v.348h0zm13.441 7.13c-.685-.012-.853-.12-.853-.66v-5.678c0-.672.168-.792.877-.792v-.348l-1.501.024c-.564 0-1.177-.012-1.633-.024v.348c.673 0 .865.18.865.696v5.462c0 .78-.168.972-.901.972v.348c.36-.012.709-.024 1.622-.024a56.45 56.45 0 0 1 1.525.024v-.348h0zm1.293-7.13c.601.012.829.072.973.432l2.931 7.238h.372l2.739-6.878c.132-.336.216-.492.288-.588.096-.12.18-.204.444-.204h.072v-.348l-1.057.024c-.325 0-.565-.012-1.057-.024v.348c.517.012.853.012.853.3 0 .144-.06.336-.156.6L60.631 26l-1.886-4.681c-.144-.348-.18-.528-.18-.66 0-.312.324-.312.829-.324v-.348l-1.742.024c-.541 0-.973-.012-1.633-.024v.348h0zm8.959 0c.877 0 1.009.084 1.009.744v5.642c0 .54-.132.732-1.009.744v.348l2.774-.024 3.375.012.42-1.789h-.312c-.204.552-.336.78-.468.924a1.14 1.14 0 0 1-.589.312c-.252.06-.709.096-1.381.096-.541 0-.865-.048-1.069-.156-.216-.108-.325-.312-.325-.732V23.96h1.55c.492 0 .829.156.829.816v.192l.3-.06c-.012-.324-.036-.648-.036-1.428l.012-.996h-.3c0 .708-.192.948-.877.948h-1.478v-2.977l1.502-.036c.829 0 1.021.084 1.201.24.168.156.288.348.372 1.02l.312-.12c-.036-.456-.048-.9-.048-1.116 0-.156.012-.348.012-.456l-3.231.024c-.853 0-1.694-.012-2.546-.024v.348h0zm7.686 0h.06c.745 0 .937.108.937.792v5.522c0 .612-.144.816-.949.816h-.06v.348a76.17 76.17 0 0 1 1.778-.024l1.682.024v-.348h-.084c-.757 0-.961-.192-.961-.624V24.14h.757l.588 1.068a22.31 22.31 0 0 0 .697 1.092l.672 1.032c.264.408.409.48.613.48.252 0 .793-.024 1.189-.024.276 0 .516.012.817.024v-.348a1.26 1.26 0 0 1-.913-.336c-.228-.204-.516-.552-.841-1.044L77.18 23.9c1.057-.396 1.621-1.044 1.621-1.957 0-1.26-.961-1.957-2.895-1.957l-1.982.024c-.288 0-.757-.012-1.261-.024v.348h0zm2.402.084c.192-.06.421-.084.613-.084 1.057 0 1.681.6 1.681 1.753 0 .828-.36 1.224-.673 1.416-.24.144-.516.228-.961.228h-.661v-3.313zm9.104-.624c-1.501 0-2.534.888-2.534 2.317 0 1.188.757 1.813 1.814 2.341.865.432 1.609.804 1.609 1.693 0 .66-.492 1.404-1.526 1.404-1.057 0-1.501-.684-1.826-1.765l-.3.048c.036.156.096.648.168 1.62.697.324 1.297.504 1.994.504 1.417 0 2.654-.876 2.654-2.317 0-.936-.48-1.704-1.802-2.389-1.153-.6-1.694-.936-1.694-1.68 0-.6.444-1.369 1.465-1.369.757 0 1.177.42 1.369 1.332l.312-.036c-.06-.504-.12-1.092-.12-1.549l-.757-.084c-.432-.048-.697-.072-.829-.072zm6.391 7.671c-.685-.012-.853-.12-.853-.66v-5.678c0-.672.168-.792.877-.792v-.348l-1.502.024c-.564 0-1.177-.012-1.633-.024v.348c.673 0 .865.18.865.696v5.462c0 .78-.168.972-.901.972v.348c.36-.012.709-.024 1.621-.024a56.9 56.9 0 0 1 1.525.024v-.348zm1.517-5.966c.144-.792.409-1.044 1.333-1.044h1.633v6.002c0 .936-.192 1.008-.901 1.008h-.156v.348l1.79-.024 1.766.024v-.348c-.865-.012-1.105-.156-1.105-.864v-6.146h1.67c.432 0 .721.072.865.216.132.132.204.264.24.9l.276-.108c0-.408 0-.852.144-1.789l-.204-.096c-.18.3-.288.396-.673.396h-5.933c-.348 0-.529-.132-.613-.396h-.252a10.45 10.45 0 0 1-.216 1.921h.336zm8.746-1.164c.433 0 .745.048.913.276l2.558 3.469v2.653c0 .672-.216.72-1.045.732v.348l1.826-.024 1.694.024v-.348c-.853 0-1.057-.144-1.057-.624v-3.085l2.126-2.977c.252-.348.504-.444.828-.444v-.348l-1.045.024c-.252 0-.672-.012-1.213-.024v.348c.493.012.793.024.793.24 0 .12-.144.348-.24.492l-1.477 2.221-1.73-2.329c-.156-.216-.18-.324-.18-.384 0-.204.288-.228.624-.24v-.348l-1.693.024c-.565 0-.889-.012-1.682-.024v.348zm14.689.036c.12-.012.36-.036.636-.036 1.405 0 1.453 1.729 1.453 1.981 0 1.116-.492 1.717-1.465 1.717h-.06v.312h.18c1.393 0 1.874-.408 2.198-.744.264-.276.565-.768.565-1.488 0-1.236-.805-2.125-2.607-2.125l-1.717.024c-.385 0-.985-.012-1.442-.024v.348c.565 0 .853.036.853.708v5.63c0 .672-.24.792-.865.792v.348l1.586-.024 1.838.024v-.348c-.649 0-1.154 0-1.154-.756l.001-6.338zm4.466-.036h.06c.744 0 .937.108.937.792v5.522c0 .612-.145.816-.949.816h-.06v.348c.42-.012 1.225-.024 1.777-.024l1.682.024v-.348h-.084c-.757 0-.961-.192-.961-.624V24.14h.757l.588 1.068c.216.372.529.84.697 1.092l.672 1.032c.265.408.409.48.613.48.252 0 .793-.024 1.189-.024.276 0 .517.012.817.024v-.348a1.26 1.26 0 0 1-.913-.336c-.228-.204-.516-.552-.841-1.044l-1.465-2.185c1.057-.396 1.621-1.044 1.621-1.957 0-1.26-.96-1.957-2.894-1.957l-1.982.024c-.288 0-.757-.012-1.261-.024v.348h0zm2.402.084a2.15 2.15 0 0 1 .613-.084c1.057 0 1.681.6 1.681 1.753 0 .828-.36 1.224-.673 1.416-.24.144-.516.228-.96.228h-.661V20.42zm6.516-.084c.877 0 1.009.084 1.009.744v5.642c0 .54-.132.732-1.009.744v.348l2.775-.024 3.375.012.42-1.789h-.312c-.204.552-.336.78-.469.924-.144.144-.3.24-.588.312-.252.06-.709.096-1.381.096-.541 0-.865-.048-1.069-.156-.217-.108-.325-.312-.325-.732V23.96h1.55c.492 0 .828.156.828.816v.192l.301-.06c-.012-.324-.036-.648-.036-1.428l.012-.996h-.301c0 .708-.192.948-.876.948h-1.478v-2.977l1.502-.036c.828 0 1.021.084 1.201.24.168.156.288.348.372 1.02l.312-.12c-.036-.456-.048-.9-.048-1.116 0-.156.012-.348.012-.456l-3.231.024c-.852 0-1.693-.012-2.546-.024v.348zm10.51-.54c-1.501 0-2.534.888-2.534 2.317 0 1.188.757 1.813 1.813 2.341.865.432 1.61.804 1.61 1.693 0 .66-.492 1.404-1.526 1.404-1.056 0-1.501-.684-1.825-1.765l-.3.048c.036.156.096.648.168 1.62.696.324 1.297.504 1.994.504 1.417 0 2.654-.876 2.654-2.317 0-.936-.481-1.704-1.802-2.389-1.153-.6-1.693-.936-1.693-1.68 0-.6.444-1.369 1.465-1.369.757 0 1.177.42 1.369 1.332l.313-.036c-.06-.504-.12-1.092-.12-1.549l-.757-.084c-.432-.048-.697-.072-.829-.072zm6.233 0c-1.501 0-2.534.888-2.534 2.317 0 1.188.757 1.813 1.813 2.341.865.432 1.61.804 1.61 1.693 0 .66-.493 1.404-1.526 1.404-1.056 0-1.501-.684-1.825-1.765l-.3.048c.036.156.096.648.168 1.62.696.324 1.297.504 1.994.504 1.417 0 2.654-.876 2.654-2.317 0-.936-.48-1.704-1.802-2.389-1.153-.6-1.693-.936-1.693-1.68 0-.6.444-1.369 1.465-1.369.757 0 1.177.42 1.369 1.332l.313-.036c-.06-.504-.12-1.092-.12-1.549l-.757-.084c-.432-.048-.697-.072-.829-.072zM0 0v15.599c0 7.67 4.03 9.859 5.967 10.911.356.193 6.333 3.162 6.715 3.352l.258.138.257-.137 6.716-3.352C21.85 25.459 25.88 23.27 25.88 15.6V0H0z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M12.939 29.365l2.633-1.309V15.762h9.746l.001-.163V10.5h-9.747V.559h-5.266V10.5H.559v5.099l.001.163h9.746v12.294l2.633 1.309z" fill="#fff" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g fill="#e73337" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M.559.559h9.747V10.5H.559V.559zm15.015 0h9.747V10.5h-9.747V.559zm-5.269 15.205H.559c.056 7.126 3.712 9.191 5.674 10.256.199.108 2.281 1.146 4.073 2.038V15.764zm5.269 0v12.294l4.073-2.038c1.961-1.065 5.618-3.13 5.673-10.256h-9.746z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M19.073 13.234l.201-.239-.254-.302-.255.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.1 3.1 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.59-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.255.302.202.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.09 3.09 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.053.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm1.586 1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.612 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.586-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.485-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.053.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm-6.348 0l.201-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zM3.733 13.234l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.59-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.612 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014 0 0 .048.275.178.588.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.586 1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.255.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.485-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.313.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.586-1.791l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.485-.014 0 0 .049.274.179.588.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.053.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm-6.348 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.12 3.12 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.551zm10.844 5.803l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.202.239c.003.121.01 1.175-.612 1.551 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.551zm0 5.387l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.612 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.48-2.694l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .178.589c.131-.314.179-.589.179-.589.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.09 3.09 0 0 0 .179.589c.131-.314.179-.589.179-.589.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm2.957 5.387l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.11 3.11 0 0 0 .178.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.121.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.477-20.59l.201-.239-.254-.302-.254.302.202.239c.003.12.01 1.175-.612 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.12 3.12 0 0 0 .179.588c.13-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.615-1.431-.611-1.552zm1.48-2.693l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014 0 0 .048.275.178.588.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.13 3.13 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm2.957 5.387l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.1 3.1 0 0 0 .178.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.485.014.485.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm-2.957 0l.202-.239-.255-.302-.254.302.201.239c.003.12.011 1.175-.611 1.552 0 0 .207.04.486-.014a3.07 3.07 0 0 0 .179.588c.131-.314.179-.588.179-.588.278.054.486.014.486.014-.622-.377-.614-1.431-.611-1.552zm11.221 13.502c.144.19.346.314.512.314a1.06 1.06 0 0 0 .223-.034.43.43 0 0 1 .11-.016c.04 0 .057.015.057.052a.56.56 0 0 1-.043.155c-.026.062-.043.112-.049.148l-.033.173-.083.148-.115.107-.033.034v.074.037c0 .202-.06.316-.223.425-.013.008-.033.022-.058.041l-.017.067-.082.288a1.73 1.73 0 0 1-.157.231c-.1.131-.165.237-.206.338-.034.083-.06.107-.114.107-.081 0-.162-.102-.176-.222a.42.42 0 0 1-.041.05l-.098.066-.158.107-.131.099-.091.091c-.016.016-.033.025-.047.025-.042 0-.085-.071-.126-.207l-.082-.271c-.022-.073-.034-.163-.034-.267 0-.137.009-.185.058-.295-.165.017-.212.027-.297.058a.29.29 0 0 1-.072.016c-.027 0-.044-.019-.044-.051a.51.51 0 0 1 .033-.122l.108-.28a.7.7 0 0 1 .566-.416.72.72 0 0 1 .211.044.45.45 0 0 0 .125.026c.096 0 .172-.07.172-.158 0-.044-.029-.091-.066-.108-.014-.007-.113-.037-.297-.091-.139-.041-.208-.092-.364-.273-.113-.131-.158-.168-.199-.168-.032 0-.049.021-.049.058l.008.11.003.051c0 .229-.068.448-.234.75l-.232.42c-.11.2-.157.352-.157.504 0 .166.072.313.165.339l.124.032a.09.09 0 0 1 .041.026c.011.013.026.034.026.047s-.015.046-.042.076c-.015.016-.064.08-.149.189-.142.186-.232.253-.405.305-.1.242-.263.383-.554.479l-.033.057c-.098.174-.317.331-.456.331h-.032c-.018.151-.126.308-.289.421l-.19.139a.34.34 0 0 0-.041.075c-.037.082-.072.116-.118.116-.088 0-.161-.082-.212-.24l-.075.049-.157.107c-.038.018-.135.047-.289.083-.203.047-.378.133-.422.207l-.074.123-.034.014c-.04 0-.087-.057-.107-.13a2.03 2.03 0 0 1-.075-.464c0-.293.097-.484.397-.783l-.001-.071c0-.456.348-.765.86-.765l.083.002.281.017.026.001c.152 0 .292-.058.444-.183.202-.165.261-.266.261-.451 0-.059-.016-.126-.079-.333a1.34 1.34 0 0 1-.061-.388c0-.341.25-.765.59-.999.087-.061.152-.141.152-.187 0-.019-.01-.034-.023-.034-.022 0-.059.023-.105.064-.04.036-.107.078-.198.125l-.132.066-.149.058c-.046.017-.069.042-.069.073 0 .018.007.044.019.075s.016.047.016.061-.014.052-.042.096l-.115.19c-.113.186-.195.266-.339.33-.093.272-.226.41-.421.438-.156.314-.294.423-.57.454-.038.121-.105.221-.248.38-.059.064-.095.109-.107.132-.065.116-.07.123-.1.123-.038 0-.124-.057-.189-.123a.5.5 0 0 1-.074-.1l-.075-.132c-.024-.043-.049-.062-.08-.062l-.053.003-.182.025a.58.58 0 0 0-.331.19l-.099.149c-.01.015-.025.024-.039.024-.074 0-.119-.163-.119-.433 0-.237.036-.395.118-.508l.231-.322c.032-.045.05-.089.05-.126a.17.17 0 0 0-.041-.106c-.049-.058-.096-.093-.132-.099l-.174-.024c-.031-.005-.044-.012-.044-.026s.009-.034.027-.057a.79.79 0 0 1 .207-.182c.205-.125.339-.174.477-.174a.81.81 0 0 1 .432.142l.239.157c.034.023.074.034.115.034.111 0 .194-.066.272-.215.076-.144.109-.26.109-.383a.51.51 0 0 0-.53-.534c-.143 0-.29.056-.43.165-.042.033-.07.064-.083.091l-.066.149c-.015.036-.039.057-.059.057-.042 0-.135-.119-.213-.272-.041-.08-.08-.179-.115-.298-.049-.161-.071-.282-.071-.412l.012-.224a.83.83 0 0 1-.149-.511.92.92 0 0 1 .059-.29.61.61 0 0 1-.091-.368l.008-.103.025-.115.017-.099c-.08-.104-.102-.174-.182-.536-.044-.205-.071-.294-.106-.347-.017-.023-.025-.041-.025-.05 0-.048.115-.092.247-.092l.116.009c-.029-.076-.035-.106-.035-.166a1.03 1.03 0 0 1 .06-.329c.044-.126.053-.161.053-.202 0-.098-.015-.197-.036-.252l-.066-.165a.23.23 0 0 1-.021-.085c0-.017.011-.023.041-.023.162 0 .472.175.715.405s.32.413.32.752l-.014.181c.225.197.323.36.323.537 0 .129-.042.215-.166.337-.223.222-.273.337-.273.622 0 .438.131.675.373.675.213 0 .377-.231.404-.57l.025-.314a3.22 3.22 0 0 1 .041-.297c.014-.075.025-.174.025-.215 0-.111-.073-.252-.29-.504-.232-.271-.31-.417-.31-.629 0-.254.176-.44.414-.44.059 0 .089.009.16.045.003-.144.01-.17.091-.372.064-.159.133-.272.165-.272.011 0 .028.012.049.033a.86.86 0 0 0 .108.09l.083.058a.75.75 0 0 1 .074.075c.051-.185.104-.272.256-.421.116-.113.159-.148.181-.148s.038.015.059.041l.099.131.14.158c.054.059.073.111.099.255l.082-.049.132-.074a.97.97 0 0 0 .1-.066c.022-.016.041-.026.052-.026s.029.024.039.059l.049.19.108.215c.032.064.042.114.042.212v.052l.055-.002c.163 0 .303.192.303.414 0 .294-.235.674-.54.876-.028.099-.035.139-.035.219 0 .657.173.794 1.183.945a5.56 5.56 0 0 1 .677.14l.653.215c.223.074.373.107.489.107.123 0 .191-.035.191-.1 0-.113-.165-.214-.672-.412l-.719-.28c-.731-.286-1.076-.731-1.076-1.388 0-.764.574-1.338 1.34-1.338.289 0 .57.06.976.207l.605.198c.101 0 .156-.069.171-.214.013-.124.047-.174.115-.174.101 0 .212.094.29.248.068.134.107.291.107.428a.47.47 0 0 1-.405.504.8.8 0 0 1-.665.342c-.329 0-.492-.065-1.054-.416-.201-.126-.287-.157-.434-.157-.197 0-.343.122-.343.287 0 .151.122.251.397.324.164.043.188.055.273.14.066-.016.096-.02.137-.02.268 0 .599.145.879.384.509.157.962.706.962 1.167 0 .509-.441.965-.935.965a3.37 3.37 0 0 1-.639-.102z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M22.437 23.219l.033-.091.033-.116c.006-.021.037-.068.091-.139.084-.11.126-.249.126-.411 0-.051-.013-.098-.044-.16-.016-.032-.025-.058-.025-.076 0-.011.006-.024.017-.038s.022-.023.033-.025l.005-.001c.021 0 .057.024.085.058.035.043.066.066.084.066.037 0 .076-.063.098-.157l.017-.083c0-.04-.033-.144-.074-.231-.016-.033-.024-.061-.024-.084 0-.029.019-.053.046-.053s.063.026.11.07c.023.022.045.034.063.034.052 0 .089-.053.128-.182l.033-.129c0-.024-.01-.038-.029-.038l-.029.002-.098.01c-.151 0-.364-.104-.464-.224l-.231-.281-.206-.273-.19-.124c-.031-.02-.049-.045-.049-.067 0-.031.031-.052.079-.052s.179.048.425.152a2.58 2.58 0 0 0 .837.183c.395 0 .721-.319.721-.707 0-.212-.095-.408-.327-.681-.043-.051-.118-.101-.153-.101-.027 0-.046.02-.046.049a.26.26 0 0 0 .025.093c.01.026.016.052.016.076 0 .038-.014.06-.039.06-.052 0-.106-.085-.151-.234-.055-.184-.162-.294-.414-.421a.89.89 0 0 0-.261-.093c-.016 0-.027.014-.027.036 0 .031.012.065.033.098a.41.41 0 0 1 .067.158v.008c0 .032-.016.05-.046.05-.053 0-.065-.014-.186-.199-.062-.095-.228-.22-.372-.281-.045-.019-.093-.031-.14-.033h-.005c-.03 0-.053.014-.053.032 0 .007.013.033.037.076l.012.047c0 .025-.017.045-.039.045-.05 0-.203-.126-.324-.265-.131-.151-.215-.343-.215-.494 0-.316.302-.596.64-.596.085 0 .157.015.212.042l.289.149.339.224c.195.127.462.223.624.223.06 0 .106-.008.26-.051.081-.022.131-.054.131-.084l-.003-.007-.029-.017-.182-.016c-.101-.01-.33-.113-.512-.232l-.38-.247-.338-.141c-.026-.01-.042-.027-.042-.043s.018-.031.039-.031c0 0 .032.006.094.017l.314.091c.079.022.206.081.38.173.344.183.569.264.734.264.191 0 .331-.131.331-.309 0-.06-.013-.157-.032-.236a.33.33 0 0 0-.05-.107c-.014-.021-.03-.032-.041-.032-.024 0-.037.025-.037.067l.004.057.003.048c0 .152-.059.206-.228.206-.137 0-.322-.055-.742-.222-.394-.155-.64-.214-.884-.214-.622 0-1.167.507-1.167 1.085 0 .499.332.882 1.011 1.161l.702.289c.581.239.794.41.794.636 0 .188-.175.309-.448.309-.118 0-.265-.032-.536-.119-.657-.209-1.085-.296-1.461-.296-.613 0-1.049.168-1.398.536-.046.049-.073.063-.114.063-.028 0-.056-.011-.118-.047a.4.4 0 0 0-.181-.059c-.06 0-.154.052-.198.109l-.082.107c-.024.031-.051.05-.073.05-.06 0-.166-.102-.232-.224-.041-.074-.069-.147-.082-.215-.011-.052-.017-.137-.017-.226l.008-.153.025-.165.025-.141c.006-.02.022-.033.04-.033.043 0 .062.039.062.129l-.002.052-.002.037c0 .235.093.45.196.45.081 0 .152-.144.211-.43.012-.057.035-.09.063-.09s.053.042.078.165c.015.08.068.191.124.264.032.042.066.067.094.067.068 0 .111-.101.145-.339.014-.092.041-.15.073-.15.014 0 .026.007.035.018a1.3 1.3 0 0 1 .058.091c.02.034.052.062.091.082s.074.033.096.033a.12.12 0 0 0 .077-.033c.037-.033.058-.058.058-.068s-.017-.038-.049-.073c-.054-.058-.096-.136-.149-.273L20 19.462c-.013-.03-.027-.05-.042-.058l-.026-.007-.049.007-.173.049-.054.009c-.023 0-.039-.015-.039-.039s.03-.062.068-.092c.209-.166.333-.445.38-.851.028-.247.06-.34.165-.487.022-.031.041-.049.052-.049.032 0 .05.025.05.073 0 .032-.009.072-.027.117a.29.29 0 0 0-.018.1l.001.031.017.05.091-.033.099-.115a.61.61 0 0 0 .109-.338c0-.079-.019-.134-.066-.19-.052-.062-.088-.087-.126-.087l-.056.004-.059.004c-.053 0-.08-.016-.08-.049l.014-.063.009-.091-.049-.206-.041-.1-.025-.083-.058.041-.124.074c-.032.019-.066.05-.1.091-.117.142-.125.149-.172.149-.03 0-.047-.011-.047-.031l.005-.035a.85.85 0 0 0 .025-.171c0-.144-.105-.361-.231-.481-.173.165-.265.346-.265.521v.099c0 .038-.012.057-.038.057h-.003c-.021-.003-.041-.019-.058-.041l-.099-.132a1.33 1.33 0 0 0-.133-.108l-.066-.057-.033.066c-.082.164-.11.262-.115.397-.004.11-.013.142-.039.142-.013 0-.03-.006-.052-.019-.125-.07-.137-.075-.191-.075-.149 0-.25.106-.25.263 0 .061.035.154.103.275.076.135.189.258.239.258.014 0 .017-.01.017-.051v-.017l-.008-.14-.017-.108-.001-.014c0-.032.012-.046.037-.046.075 0 .14.219.195.655.048.384.154.648.322.801.043.039.067.071.067.089s-.015.026-.033.026c-.024 0-.062-.015-.108-.041a.18.18 0 0 0-.09-.026c-.083 0-.175.096-.191.2l-.075.47-.058.661c-.011.125.006.293.05.495.038.178.058.309.058.391 0 .495-.308.886-.818 1.037l-.529.156c-.329.098-.491.315-.537.718.085-.067.111-.078.24-.098l.156-.025a.43.43 0 0 0 .141-.041c.015-.009.045-.04.091-.091l.14-.156c.053-.06.101-.094.13-.094.02 0 .035.022.035.048s-.02.078-.058.136-.06.135-.06.213c0 .105.028.172.135.324.013-.05.024-.083.033-.099a1.69 1.69 0 0 1 .124-.173c.114-.148.197-.302.198-.372.002-.128.014-.169.046-.169s.033.006.045.079c.003.018.012.035.025.05.019.021.038.033.05.033s.033-.012.066-.033c.057-.038.101-.077.132-.116s.062-.093.082-.149c.028-.072.042-.125.042-.156l-.001-.107c0-.028.012-.051.027-.051s.062.043.089.091c.018.032.03.042.053.042h.005c.03-.003.056-.015.074-.034.101-.098.166-.219.166-.31l-.009-.152-.033-.125-.002-.011c0-.026.019-.048.04-.048.037 0 .078.053.135.174.026.057.051.084.075.084.039 0 .07-.029.148-.142l.074-.107c.016-.024.025-.052.025-.083s-.009-.057-.025-.081l-.067-.099c-.011-.017-.016-.045-.016-.083a.81.81 0 0 1 .124-.388l.107-.207c.013-.034.027-.05.046-.05s.028.02.028.041l-.008.091v.066.066c.011.03.031.042.071.042.025 0 .054-.006.086-.017l.206-.075a1.42 1.42 0 0 0 .19-.091c.324-.179.424-.216.583-.216.095 0 .218.037.392.117.036.017.065.026.085.026s.05-.015.072-.042c.016-.019.024-.042.024-.063 0-.03-.011-.066-.033-.102-.026-.046-.051-.103-.051-.123s.014-.036.038-.036.047.02.062.044l.19.33c.154.274.354.464.529.504l.363.083c.113.025.141.069.141.209a.72.72 0 0 1-.331.616l-.298.191c-.108.068-.198.259-.198.416 0 .102.025.282.058.425l.058-.057.141-.083.124-.124.066-.182.066-.165c.032-.08.07-.132.096-.132s.045.045.045.126l-.001.023v.031c0 .118.015.17.107.348z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M17.543 25.575c0-.393.143-.564.712-.853 1.123-.569 1.728-1.091 1.728-1.488 0-.08-.026-.197-.1-.445a1.41 1.41 0 0 1-.071-.358c0-.183.151-.46.344-.632l.157-.14c.086-.077.15-.188.15-.261l-.001-.037-.002-.049c0-.082.032-.112.117-.116l.075-.008.064-.017c.027 0 .053.015.069.041l.041.066.058.066c.019.021.038.034.053.034s.033-.008.063-.024c.04-.022.071-.031.1-.031.043 0 .065.023.065.071 0 .166-.107.406-.298.661-.317.429-.421.66-.421.934 0 .215.062.404.182.56.021.028.033.05.033.061 0 .022-.021.059-.058.104l-.05.067c-.066.095-.11.132-.153.132-.032 0-.063-.027-.078-.067l-.033-.09c-.01-.026-.028-.043-.047-.043-.006 0-.02.014-.036.034-.021.027-.032.059-.032.091v.14c0 .056-.02.114-.058.165a.69.69 0 0 1-.116.123c-.031.027-.054.042-.065.042-.024 0-.047-.026-.059-.066l-.05-.165c-.007-.024-.024-.041-.041-.041-.028 0-.051.046-.058.116-.017.187-.049.301-.098.347l-.116.106c-.037.036-.081.061-.105.061s-.045-.011-.052-.027l-.058-.124c-.007-.015-.021-.025-.037-.025-.033 0-.058.066-.07.191-.03.297-.092.43-.256.545a.45.45 0 0 0-.206.231c-.072-.106-.1-.196-.1-.329a.3.3 0 0 1 .034-.157c.034-.062.053-.109.053-.137 0-.02-.013-.036-.03-.036-.008 0-.022.012-.041.032-.023.027-.059.055-.107.083-.149.085-.171.116-.207.281a.42.42 0 0 1-.38.371c-.28.057-.297.064-.397.158l-.01-.147zm-.534-8.514v.083l.001.122a.51.51 0 0 1-.018.134c-.027.115-.033.154-.033.187 0 .158.022.236.115.399.052.09.085.199.085.277 0 .033-.014.053-.036.053-.014 0-.029-.008-.04-.024l-.066-.091c-.053-.072-.103-.091-.237-.091l-.143.009a1.79 1.79 0 0 1 .099.289c.067.27.076.289.223.421s.161.15.161.198c0 .037-.026.067-.057.067l-.055-.008-.033-.003c-.045 0-.086.083-.086.175a.59.59 0 0 0 .053.208c.02.049.04.082.058.1l.083.082a.12.12 0 0 1 .033.085c0 .04-.023.074-.05.074a.19.19 0 0 1-.074-.027c-.021-.01-.04-.016-.058-.016-.037 0-.055.023-.055.068l.013.123.05.214c.011.048.042.102.091.158a.39.39 0 0 0 .124.099l.166.075c.016.012.024.036.024.066s-.024.058-.055.058a.7.7 0 0 1-.086-.017l-.084-.008c-.084 0-.09.005-.09.069a.52.52 0 0 0 .017.128l.033.132c.035.14.08.215.13.215.011 0 .032-.012.06-.033a1.02 1.02 0 0 1 .511-.173c.155 0 .332.019.399.041.038.013.065.02.079.02.02 0 .027-.02.028-.094l.017-.149.033-.256.024-.19v-.108l-.067.058c-.14.132-.229.173-.374.173-.38 0-.598-.427-.598-1.171 0-.307.045-.742.13-1.24.018-.105.026-.178.026-.229 0-.272-.172-.537-.472-.729z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M17.57 18.91l.074-.074.074-.067c.062-.054.111-.169.111-.254 0-.039-.008-.075-.028-.118-.029-.062-.084-.117-.117-.117-.028 0-.053.068-.064.175l-.017.124-.024.124-.009.124v.082zm-.726 3.377c.085.031.102.045.19.149.115.133.178.165.33.165a.42.42 0 0 0 .117-.016l.107-.033.083-.025c.04-.011.066-.028.066-.042s-.065-.072-.165-.139a1.59 1.59 0 0 0-.198-.116c-.071-.035-.131-.051-.189-.051-.116 0-.228.036-.339.109zm1.113 2.323c0-.266.262-.485.582-.485.16 0 .253.032.253.086 0 .042-.07.1-.223.181l-.24.132-.364.181-.008-.096zm3.363-2.003c.117-.024.157-.054.215-.057l.149.008a.48.48 0 0 0 .099-.066l.116-.082c.165-.113.174-.12.174-.156 0-.046-.067-.068-.206-.068-.26 0-.419.122-.546.422z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M18.827 17.58l.116.074c.066.042.121.073.165.09.128.053.174.071.174.12a.35.35 0 0 1-.017.094.51.51 0 0 0-.025.116c-.012.112-.08.141-.125.141-.056 0-.114-.086-.206-.248a1.91 1.91 0 0 1-.132-.33l-.005-.032c0-.02.012-.032.036-.032l.018.006z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M19.942 17.868l-.19.191c-.067.089-.067.167-.083.182s-.032.021-.058.025l-.012.001c-.048 0-.084-.035-.087-.083l-.008-.14-.009-.141v-.008c0-.054.03-.083.073-.092l.176-.049.181-.091c.053-.026.069-.033.078-.033.021 0 .039.022.039.048 0 .012-.006.03-.018.052l-.083.139z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M19.105 18.431l.124.092a.22.22 0 0 0 .111.028.51.51 0 0 0 .195-.053l.108-.049c.025-.011.047-.018.064-.018.066 0 .118.07.118.157 0 .122-.088.247-.216.429l-.09.191c-.072.103-.12.14-.179.14-.098 0-.146-.056-.293-.348-.106-.208-.149-.336-.149-.438 0-.087.045-.148.111-.148.027 0 .06-.006.096.016z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M19.216 18.884l.008.157c.004.071.063.142.12.142.076 0 .131-.115.16-.29l.019-.115c0-.061-.02-.077-.098-.077l-.044.002h-.058l-.037-.002c-.052 0-.072.04-.072.145l.002.038z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M8.359 21.057c.072.182.097.272.107.389l.016.346c.013.347.128.52.347.52.079 0 .145-.021.182-.058l.091-.091.036-.011c.058 0 .09.038.09.107l-.01.134c-.007.06.004.188.033.379a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 .025.333c0 .176-.013.244-.075.402.058.162.091.345.091.499 0 .18-.029.3-.099.402.033.142.041.199.041.28s-.011.187-.033.314c-.029.172-.041.305-.033.395l.001.021c0 .052-.016.078-.048.078s-.069-.024-.102-.066c-.05-.065-.083-.088-.121-.088-.057 0-.075.03-.16.278-.026.077-.093.18-.198.306-.082.098-.133.179-.149.24l-.049.173c-.01.022-.029.039-.05.041h-.01c-.136 0-.292-.292-.452-.842-.045-.156-.103-.225-.187-.225-.06 0-.121.04-.144.093l-.05.116c-.009.02-.026.033-.043.033-.066 0-.167-.121-.229-.273-.051-.126-.081-.263-.081-.38 0-.259.191-.452.766-.776.251-.141.348-.32.348-.643 0-.256-.077-.403-.297-.57-.175-.132-.275-.182-.368-.182-.078 0-.14.052-.14.118 0 .078.045.125.153.162.127.046.182.09.182.147s-.054.165-.141.299a.76.76 0 0 1-.264.273c-.039.227-.146.372-.397.537-.05.142-.078.193-.165.305l-.174.223a.72.72 0 0 0-.124.256c-.018.126-.03.148-.078.148-.066 0-.2-.116-.335-.289a.4.4 0 0 1-.107-.273c-.086.068-.113.077-.281.099-.101.014-.176.033-.223.059-.127.066-.168.084-.191.084-.034 0-.046-.018-.049-.076l-.008-.182c0-.249.098-.54.248-.734-.145-.125-.289-.202-.405-.215-.049-.005-.062-.011-.062-.029 0-.03.032-.095.078-.152.062-.078.111-.133.149-.165a.82.82 0 0 1 .479-.174c.107 0 .266.039.471.116.074.028.14.041.197.041.091 0 .142-.059.142-.163 0-.15-.074-.385-.241-.762-.112-.255-.163-.427-.163-.545 0-.286.135-.583.304-.668-.08-.04-.115-.05-.184-.05-.083 0-.148.021-.254.083-.122.071-.19.134-.19.176 0 .016.025.042.067.072.064.045.075.061.075.122 0 .204-.169.477-.405.654-.052.289-.185.464-.446.586-.034.157-.056.203-.182.38-.216.302-.266.399-.305.57-.02.089-.041.125-.068.125-.035 0-.108-.055-.188-.142l-.132-.158c-.035-.054-.053-.107-.091-.263-.06.017-.076.02-.118.02l-.121-.003-.083-.002c-.181 0-.373.041-.471.101-.036.022-.06.033-.072.033-.053 0-.097-.112-.097-.25 0-.298.083-.545.276-.814-.071-.059-.094-.081-.157-.148-.027-.03-.05-.05-.066-.058l-.091-.05c-.031-.017-.05-.037-.05-.054 0-.044.121-.159.264-.252.159-.102.285-.149.4-.149.135 0 .207.035.376.182.117.102.197.149.254.149.04 0 .084-.028.118-.075.028-.038.043-.08.043-.123 0-.158-.189-.424-.398-.562-.156-.102-.326-.157-.492-.157-.23 0-.428.114-.515.297l-.091.19c-.021.044-.048.067-.079.067-.053 0-.081-.024-.268-.241l-.214-.248a.66.66 0 0 1-.133-.214.49.49 0 0 0-.041-.107c-.007-.011-.036-.033-.082-.067-.166-.117-.287-.349-.356-.685l-.025-.107c-.202-.248-.323-.555-.323-.821a.36.36 0 0 1 .018-.113c-.118-.118-.131-.147-.224-.463-.066-.224-.108-.32-.19-.428-.022-.029-.033-.052-.033-.064 0-.045.069-.081.19-.101l.166-.019.165.011-.01-.226c0-.133.01-.219.044-.377a1.01 1.01 0 0 0 .025-.172 1.68 1.68 0 0 0-.017-.142.73.73 0 0 0-.024-.124c-.012-.031-.018-.055-.018-.07 0-.027.018-.041.049-.041.024 0 .058.012.109.036.144.071.263.143.355.215.285.223.509.566.509.779l-.004.065-.017.121c0 .036.02.084.058.134l.091.125c.081.11.133.238.133.324 0 .077-.016.111-.149.304-.1.144-.141.252-.141.369 0 .149.059.337.166.522.097.171.21.265.317.265.184 0 .265-.163.294-.604l.066-.627.008-.113c0-.052-.016-.082-.082-.161l-.249-.288c-.236-.276-.307-.418-.307-.616 0-.227.149-.384.365-.384l.099.009-.001-.064a.87.87 0 0 1 .042-.224c.052-.177.117-.314.151-.314.011 0 .038.013.08.041a1.22 1.22 0 0 0 .149.057.99.99 0 0 1 .164.082.73.73 0 0 1 .133-.289c.107-.138.228-.247.271-.247.026 0 .074.035.134.099l.157.165c.026.027.057.081.091.157l.033.074.099-.057.132-.075.157-.075c.042-.028.072-.043.085-.043.028 0 .043.05.105.323a1.9 1.9 0 0 1 .058.364c.264.037.388.188.388.471 0 .266-.131.531-.413.832-.077.083-.096.122-.096.199 0 .73.254.96 1.17 1.057a5.83 5.83 0 0 1 1.404.298c.355.106.559.15.691.15.156 0 .243-.057.243-.157 0-.153-.111-.201-.769-.34-1.531-.322-2.132-.845-2.132-1.854 0-.719.538-1.259 1.257-1.259.317 0 .6.097 1.048.355.416.241.502.282.597.282.111 0 .155-.071.155-.25 0-.116.035-.172.107-.172.066 0 .166.068.256.174.137.162.19.245.19.469 0 .299-.159.494-.471.58l-.074.082c-.17.192-.32.256-.59.256-.235 0-.53-.096-.732-.24l-.397-.28c-.171-.121-.296-.173-.416-.173-.169 0-.27.101-.27.27s.11.301.29.357l.372.116c.132.041.194.067.355.148l.185-.018a1.57 1.57 0 0 1 .699.174l.149.067.207.058c.469.131.851.656.851 1.168 0 .584-.379.946-.991.946l-.191-.009z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M8.218 25.961l.049-.1.116-.124a.61.61 0 0 0 .15-.427c0-.085-.015-.177-.043-.267a.67.67 0 0 1-.034-.146c0-.052.039-.102.079-.102.016 0 .039.015.062.042l.124.14c.077.087.103.103.199.124l.008-.115.008-.136a.96.96 0 0 0-.182-.558c-.066-.084-.096-.135-.096-.164s.022-.059.045-.059c.008 0 .02.006.034.017.08.059.121.084.143.084.04 0 .076-.1.076-.208a.77.77 0 0 0-.169-.461l-.099-.123c-.011-.016-.017-.032-.017-.047 0-.035.029-.061.072-.061.031 0 .05.008.102.041.024.016.047.025.063.025.064 0 .088-.09.088-.336l-.003-.102-.008-.149c-.009-.175-.025-.206-.099-.206H8.82c-.403 0-.591-.255-.695-.942-.075-.496-.26-.849-.487-.925-.136-.045-.184-.075-.184-.111 0-.023.038-.045.079-.045.03 0 .099.018.156.041.329.133.607.198.849.198.396 0 .708-.291.708-.66 0-.282-.134-.569-.376-.801a.47.47 0 0 0-.206-.124l-.016-.001-.042.014.017.119.032.083.009.034c0 .018-.017.032-.039.032s-.047-.013-.061-.034l-.149-.223c-.118-.176-.376-.323-.568-.323-.068 0-.111.03-.111.078 0 .023.022.066.05.097.042.048.075.105.075.132l-.009.033c-.009.019-.021.031-.033.033l-.008.001c-.04 0-.06-.018-.24-.223-.147-.168-.448-.332-.609-.332-.023 0-.044.01-.061.026-.01.011-.017.023-.017.032 0 .025.022.058.058.092.051.047.092.103.092.127 0 .016-.022.031-.046.031-.047 0-.153-.068-.351-.224-.308-.242-.446-.47-.446-.735 0-.319.228-.57.52-.57.171 0 .398.082.554.199l.405.305a1.07 1.07 0 0 0 .65.215c.052 0 .1-.012.143-.033.036-.018.058-.04.058-.055s-.031-.024-.075-.036c-.146-.035-.264-.085-.347-.148l-.413-.313-.323-.223c-.218-.114-.26-.141-.26-.167 0-.013.021-.024.047-.024s.047.006.073.017l.215.091a2.47 2.47 0 0 1 .347.206c.442.295.667.39.927.39.247 0 .429-.175.429-.413 0-.047-.012-.098-.034-.143l-.041-.082c-.014-.029-.041-.052-.049-.041l-.025.033-.025.174c-.001.007-.01.027-.025.058a.29.29 0 0 1-.057.082c-.045.044-.083.058-.152.058-.128 0-.271-.068-.658-.315s-.744-.379-1.024-.379A1.07 1.07 0 0 0 5.977 18c0 .827.505 1.2 2.09 1.546.603.131.868.308.868.576 0 .245-.198.399-.512.399a1.19 1.19 0 0 1-.224-.016 30.59 30.59 0 0 1-.851-.232c-.354-.098-.752-.154-1.103-.154-.622 0-1.041.185-1.326.584-.033.047-.066.075-.088.075s-.042-.012-.069-.033l-.115-.091a.56.56 0 0 0-.297-.113.26.26 0 0 0-.175.072c-.041.037-.072.057-.084.057-.046 0-.131-.104-.196-.239-.093-.193-.141-.386-.141-.562 0-.082.026-.14.062-.14.029 0 .05.022.062.066l.066.239c.037.134.112.239.169.239.025 0 .07-.036.12-.099.031-.038.053-.077.067-.116.052-.151.064-.173.105-.173.048 0 .073.03.106.181.007.028.016.07.054.142.033.062.067.113.099.149.025.027.056.042.085.042.073 0 .139-.121.139-.255l-.002-.035-.01-.153c0-.059.009-.077.043-.077.019 0 .034.01.058.04.035.046.083.085.141.115.05.027.091.041.118.041s.053-.015.08-.041.035-.044.035-.065-.03-.062-.117-.15c-.047-.048-.103-.16-.165-.33-.023-.065-.054-.109-.078-.109a.24.24 0 0 0-.054.018l-.107.041-.074.033-.028.006c-.035 0-.063-.025-.063-.057s.075-.121.166-.196c.065-.055.105-.136.107-.223.005-.139.031-.248.058-.248l.025-.289a2.98 2.98 0 0 1 .124-.569c.01-.03.023-.051.033-.051.023 0 .044.062.044.131l-.003.043-.005.084c0 .105.017.159.049.159s.077-.052.113-.143l.074-.19c.022-.056.033-.108.033-.154 0-.161-.096-.277-.23-.277l-.06.01-.058.017c-.043 0-.08-.048-.08-.104l.006-.119-.008-.165-.033-.173-.009-.083-.074.041-.091.075-.132.107-.108.091c-.019.016-.04.025-.061.025-.063 0-.071-.017-.071-.146v-.032c0-.104-.045-.185-.214-.384l-.042-.05-.032.058-.091.149-.091.231-.017.148c-.004.043-.021.076-.037.076s-.046-.022-.078-.059a.64.64 0 0 0-.355-.239l-.016.057-.05.174-.009.156v.066.053c0 .046-.017.073-.045.073l-.005-.001c-.003-.001-.019-.015-.049-.041-.019-.017-.054-.026-.1-.026-.154 0-.252.083-.252.215 0 .099.034.173.186.404.068.103.146.184.176.184.02 0 .037-.054.037-.117l-.015-.099a.41.41 0 0 1-.024-.126c0-.046.013-.071.039-.071.074 0 .151.214.183.512l.033.305a1.02 1.02 0 0 0 .099.33c.075.154.149.259.215.305.079.056.128.111.128.141s-.021.05-.044.05a5.64 5.64 0 0 1-.167-.059l-.069-.01c-.165 0-.22.094-.22.378a1.58 1.58 0 0 0 .488 1.044l.38.306c.193.154.339.411.339.595 0 .242-.265.479-.719.644l-.273.098c-.212.077-.297.214-.38.611a.68.68 0 0 1 .228-.042l.037.001.123.003c.111 0 .191-.067.191-.16v-.075c0-.022.031-.053.074-.075l.115-.058.091-.074c.014-.012.03-.019.046-.019.025 0 .045.024.045.051 0 .02-.006.046-.017.075-.028.073-.044.173-.044.284 0 .202.032.311.135.459.009-.055.018-.09.025-.107.017-.042.064-.117.141-.223.125-.175.217-.388.217-.503l-.003-.035-.025-.189c0-.034.015-.067.041-.091.018-.016.038-.024.057-.024.035 0 .057.021.085.082.019.046.043.074.059.074.029 0 .086-.076.122-.165.028-.066.041-.125.041-.175a.29.29 0 0 0-.025-.106.29.29 0 0 1-.026-.094c0-.021.007-.031.034-.055.014-.01.028-.017.042-.017s.033.007.049.017l.074.05c.025.017.048.025.066.025.033 0 .081-.037.116-.092.072-.11.117-.201.117-.235 0-.022-.014-.038-.059-.07-.164-.116-.273-.292-.273-.442 0-.035.008-.074.025-.119l.082-.223.066-.174.024-.009c.028 0 .045.023.045.064a.28.28 0 0 1-.019.094.54.54 0 0 0-.035.157c0 .059.03.091.086.091a.35.35 0 0 0 .138-.033c.25-.108.448-.166.567-.166.112 0 .182.025.3.108.031.022.058.034.076.034s.032-.013.048-.034c.01-.014.017-.029.017-.041 0-.03-.018-.069-.05-.107-.042-.052-.059-.085-.059-.117 0-.026.017-.043.044-.043.13 0 .333.41.527 1.059.152.513.195.565.685.843.415.234.573.466.573.843 0 .371-.103.846-.317 1.469-.067.197-.097.33-.097.44 0 .087.017.172.081.394l.057.19a.98.98 0 0 0 .065.124zm-1.916-1.156a1.38 1.38 0 0 1 .157-.281c.134-.201.182-.308.182-.404v-.133c0-.124.022-.182.072-.182a.05.05 0 0 1 .044.025l.042.066c.013.021.035.033.058.033s.069-.032.093-.069a.58.58 0 0 0 .096-.295l-.009-.091-.008-.093c0-.05.02-.072.068-.072.032 0 .046.013.073.075.017.04.042.066.062.066s.049-.018.069-.05l.066-.099.05-.075.012-.04c0-.023-.018-.044-.062-.076-.153-.11-.22-.28-.231-.587a2.62 2.62 0 0 0-.041-.454c-.005-.016-.054-.134-.149-.355a2.15 2.15 0 0 1-.099-.297c-.019-.076-.043-.1-.103-.1-.225 0-.394.192-.394.445 0 .149.062.384.175.67.159.401.201.544.201.686 0 .303-.121.435-.54.586-.473.169-.695.413-.777.85l.083-.033.115-.041.132-.033c.114-.028.205-.092.223-.157l.033-.115c.008-.028.024-.047.05-.058l.074-.033.074-.033.016.033-.033.107a.74.74 0 0 0-.017.192c0 .181.036.287.141.418zm-4.437-7.639l.017.093c0 .026-.011.097-.033.213l-.015.168a1.35 1.35 0 0 0 .072.435c.042.119.053.156.053.188l-.003.035c-.008.034-.02.059-.032.059s-.046-.018-.084-.052c-.095-.082-.198-.125-.305-.125a.81.81 0 0 0-.141.017l.041.091.124.306.174.264.181.125a.2.2 0 0 1 .05.049c.017.023.025.042.025.055s-.014.027-.033.028l-.166.008c-.025.001-.045.017-.045.035 0 .028.024.111.071.246l.083.24.14.132.148.108c.044.031.07.067.07.093s-.014.046-.029.047l-.082.008c-.027.003-.042.026-.042.066 0 .062.058.174.166.322.128.174.218.232.364.232h.124c.059 0 .095.029.095.076 0 .039-.025.061-.079.073-.114.024-.149.047-.149.1 0 .021.015.053.042.09l.067.091c.055.075.117.125.157.125.022 0 .074-.023.121-.076.074-.085.159-.154.268-.181.287-.073.347-.103.347-.169 0-.023-.011-.056-.033-.095-.091-.164-.124-.27-.124-.404 0-.103-.027-.175-.064-.175-.015 0-.041.025-.068.067-.068.104-.184.174-.289.174-.286 0-.631-.448-.801-1.041a1.65 1.65 0 0 1-.061-.445 2.32 2.32 0 0 1 .061-.504l.091-.405.011-.112c0-.205-.189-.468-.481-.673z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M2.46 18.315c-.061.115-.117.374-.117.538 0 .096.031.173.072.173.013 0 .03-.016.045-.041l.091-.166.059-.101c.033-.049.057-.097.057-.123 0-.098-.091-.219-.207-.28zm.907 3.723l.041.041.066.066c.161.167.185.183.263.183.072 0 .222-.041.307-.084.036-.018.058-.04.058-.057 0-.011-.03-.044-.082-.091l-.091-.083c-.069-.062-.171-.12-.22-.12-.095 0-.192.042-.342.145zm1.918 1.495a.82.82 0 0 1 .165.083l.132.082c.025.011.07.017.131.017.038 0 .072-.006.1-.017l.174-.066.165-.058c.044-.016.075-.041.075-.064 0-.012-.037-.03-.091-.043-.037-.01-.079-.023-.124-.041-.203-.082-.233-.094-.305-.094a.55.55 0 0 0-.422.201zm2.092 1.66c.055-.133.093-.155.281-.166.212-.012.414-.391.414-.648 0-.025-.009-.047-.019-.047s-.03.01-.056.027l-.123.074-.24.107c-.16.071-.301.285-.301.453a.57.57 0 0 0 .045.2z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M3.807 18.018l.082.116a.78.78 0 0 0 .179.129c.025 0 .038-.018.053-.071l.033-.125.009-.138c0-.109-.048-.15-.273-.208-.056-.015-.079-.013-.115-.042s-.079-.05-.099-.05-.034.01-.034.023l.009.037.041.123.116.207zm.883-.001l-.108.191-.041.045-.008.001c-.044 0-.088-.1-.091-.204l-.016-.164c.013-.068.053-.098.156-.116.084-.015.14-.031.166-.049l.132-.091.014-.003c.022 0 .038.015.038.04l-.003.011-.058.141-.182.197z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M4.474 18.579l.132-.066c.024-.012.045-.018.063-.018.064 0 .112.048.112.134 0 .094-.074.221-.175.403-.109.197-.191.331-.276.331-.119 0-.287-.189-.451-.505a.54.54 0 0 1-.063-.23c0-.104.046-.159.133-.159.036 0 .07.008.095.026l.074.05a.39.39 0 0 0 .21.066c.052 0 .101-.011.145-.033z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M4.384 18.761s.076.016.076.067l-.002.024-.025.123c-.027.165-.065.267-.119.267a.08.08 0 0 1-.063-.035c-.085-.12-.15-.274-.15-.358 0-.059.026-.089.079-.089l.014.001.091.016.099-.016z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M23.617 5.468l.033.124.067.264c.104.472.191.595.421.595.131 0 .24-.073.273-.182l.049-.166c.011-.038.04-.06.079-.06.09 0 .138.099.145.299.002.076.019.211.049.404.023.139.033.267.033.382 0 .084-.01.133-.049.237l.016.099c.028.163.035.227.035.303 0 .354-.017.459-.101.597.034.135.044.199.044.296a2.47 2.47 0 0 1-.027.291l-.033.248.008.148c.022.055.033.089.033.099 0 .023-.015.041-.033.041l-.165-.066-.182-.099c-.059-.032-.1-.064-.19-.148-.16.141-.183.154-.373.206-.274.076-.375.11-.429.149s-.093.057-.114.057c-.064 0-.109-.124-.109-.306 0-.264.015-.401.058-.504-.161-.054-.242-.074-.3-.074a.69.69 0 0 0-.121.016l-.037.004c-.024 0-.038-.029-.038-.079 0-.081.057-.242.133-.378.103-.184.274-.338.405-.364l.297-.057c.176-.034.281-.128.281-.251s-.077-.197-.257-.261l-.347-.124c-.117-.042-.227-.094-.331-.157l-.181-.108c-.03-.016-.062-.024-.09-.024-.073 0-.118.054-.118.141 0 .14.108.255.24.255.03 0 .058-.006.084-.017a.27.27 0 0 1 .076-.025c.038 0 .065.036.065.089a1.04 1.04 0 0 1-.19.522l-.099.124-.075.099c-.027.213-.236.517-.446.652-.051.032-.082.054-.091.066s-.029.047-.066.116c-.017.032-.073.098-.166.198a1.55 1.55 0 0 1-.206.19c-.092.07-.148.121-.165.149l-.083.141c-.017.029-.038.043-.065.043-.074 0-.142-.077-.183-.207-.03-.097-.057-.125-.12-.125a.64.64 0 0 0-.145.025l-.115.016h-.29c-.156 0-.365.038-.463.084-.037.018-.066.026-.085.026-.043 0-.064-.043-.064-.126 0-.262.202-.659.464-.916-.039-.152-.119-.254-.223-.28l-.149-.041c-.015-.008-.025-.023-.025-.039 0-.053.059-.105.19-.167.235-.111.303-.132.434-.132.15 0 .276.051.433.174.224.174.285.207.393.207.176 0 .345-.161.345-.331 0-.114-.063-.241-.218-.438-.22-.281-.298-.464-.298-.702 0-.16.032-.247.174-.478.022-.037.035-.068.035-.089 0-.045-.075-.086-.159-.086-.088 0-.198.032-.347.1-.249.114-.397.22-.397.285 0 .026.015.052.041.07l.083.058c.01.007.017.02.017.034s-.016.043-.034.064-.072.09-.165.215a1.89 1.89 0 0 1-.346.363c-.045.034-.072.062-.084.083l-.066.124c-.055.103-.218.274-.356.371l-.115.091a.75.75 0 0 0-.075.115c-.084.151-.217.338-.305.429l-.223.231c-.064.066-.154.257-.24.511-.068.2-.111.29-.142.29-.014 0-.037-.018-.064-.05-.16-.183-.305-.298-.375-.298-.018 0-.051.015-.096.042-.063.038-.138.067-.223.083l-.297.057c-.249.049-.348.102-.463.248-.029.036-.053.057-.066.057-.029 0-.051-.043-.051-.1l.008-.072c.002-.008.016-.082.042-.223.043-.235.103-.43.165-.537l.149-.256c.026-.046.041-.093.041-.133 0-.19-.178-.345-.447-.387-.055-.008-.083-.028-.083-.06 0-.038.065-.111.166-.188.175-.132.368-.215.505-.215.092 0 .215.032.379.099l.182.074a.49.49 0 0 0 .184.043c.192 0 .379-.175.609-.57.104-.18.149-.308.149-.425 0-.209-.097-.335-.26-.335-.128 0-.25.054-.351.156-.09.091-.137.182-.137.264l.005.084.003.044c0 .067-.023.097-.072.097-.062 0-.135-.061-.278-.232l-.232-.272c-.251-.294-.303-.411-.314-.711-.28-.357-.35-.555-.35-.762l.011-.17c-.201-.241-.24-.334-.24-.572 0-.107.006-.135.05-.221-.099-.145-.13-.21-.157-.322l-.041-.174a.9.9 0 0 0-.132-.305c-.074-.106-.083-.122-.083-.153 0-.086.083-.142.29-.193l.066-.017-.017-.183c0-.048.006-.094.025-.197l.058-.306c.022-.119.034-.21.034-.271 0-.07-.011-.127-.05-.257-.025-.084-.054-.148-.082-.19s-.05-.084-.05-.109.028-.05.066-.05c.02 0 .055.01.083.027.279.152.584.393.801.636.187.208.247.381.289.843.253.188.348.358.348.626 0 .159-.052.313-.166.488l-.165.256c-.049.083-.075.179-.075.279 0 .149.045.289.157.488.123.219.234.314.365.314.217 0 .413-.374.413-.786l-.002-.081v-.223l.025-.198.016-.24.016-.199.006-.11c0-.081-.017-.105-.271-.376-.28-.3-.413-.554-.413-.789 0-.222.191-.408.42-.408a.6.6 0 0 1 .175.032v-.099l.009-.174.049-.214c.04-.171.058-.203.117-.203l.041.013.149.132.181.116.05.049c.012-.103.021-.124.107-.232l.115-.157.083-.124.05-.074c.033-.05.047-.063.069-.063s.038.029.064.121c.011.037.036.075.074.107l.108.091c.087.074.145.183.181.339a.49.49 0 0 1 .165-.149l.133-.074c.049-.028.079-.042.088-.042s.023.02.037.05c.019.043.041.085.066.124.106.171.116.196.116.311v.069.099c.268.074.372.218.372.514 0 .222-.102.451-.315.707-.141.17-.165.222-.165.35 0 .582.439.935 1.181.946l.545.008a2.67 2.67 0 0 1 .901.148c.382.125.507.158.623.158.084 0 .154-.047.154-.103 0-.119-.2-.212-.868-.401-1.361-.384-1.942-.935-1.942-1.836 0-.698.583-1.237 1.336-1.237a2.88 2.88 0 0 1 .82.141l.338.124a.52.52 0 0 0 .178.035c.117 0 .161-.073.178-.291.008-.097.039-.14.101-.14.087 0 .256.136.378.306s.215.404.215.554c0 .176-.092.31-.29.421-.185.282-.413.412-.72.412-.235 0-.635-.159-1.139-.454-.198-.116-.285-.148-.395-.148-.149 0-.244.083-.244.214 0 .119.088.194.334.28.391.139.475.185.587.323.421.073.604.146.868.346.754.242 1.174.707 1.174 1.303 0 .543-.368.935-.88.935a1.59 1.59 0 0 1-.402-.049z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M24.436 9.084a.58.58 0 0 1-.026-.152l.009-.112.026-.321c0-.061-.018-.109-.06-.166l-.099-.132c-.064-.087-.09-.151-.09-.225 0-.048.011-.064.044-.064l.038.008.074.041c.034.019.062.028.083.028.05 0 .075-.077.075-.232 0-.215-.04-.318-.165-.415l-.115-.091c-.02-.016-.034-.043-.034-.067 0-.04.023-.065.061-.065.023 0 .056.007.096.017l.091.025.035.008c.028 0 .041-.022.041-.07l-.002-.029-.025-.174c-.026-.18-.056-.249-.109-.249l-.015.002-.215.041-.036.003c-.258 0-.562-.245-.641-.515l-.157-.537c-.047-.161-.187-.338-.397-.504-.069-.053-.129-.085-.173-.09l-.148-.017c-.027-.003-.045-.019-.045-.04 0-.034.029-.05.09-.05a2.35 2.35 0 0 1 .732.14c.271.089.419.121.552.121.414 0 .663-.216.663-.573 0-.179-.065-.404-.157-.548-.081-.124-.216-.251-.389-.363-.025-.017-.048-.026-.065-.026-.023 0-.042.018-.042.042l.008.107v.01c0 .04-.023.073-.053.073-.046 0-.093-.054-.146-.165-.152-.323-.398-.517-.65-.517-.055 0-.087.019-.087.053 0 .025.015.063.043.109a1.02 1.02 0 0 1 .074.148c.013.032.02.056.02.071s-.013.024-.038.024c-.037 0-.098-.034-.139-.077l-.124-.132-.107-.166a.79.79 0 0 0-.33-.289l-.207-.107c-.041-.022-.078-.033-.105-.033s-.039.013-.039.038.013.059.037.095a.42.42 0 0 1 .076.165c0 .028-.018.05-.041.05-.058 0-.162-.104-.307-.305a.78.78 0 0 1-.158-.464c0-.348.268-.619.613-.619.177 0 .399.074.618.207l.397.24c.142.086.334.149.453.149.066 0 .085-.004.233-.042a.4.4 0 0 0 .107-.041.06.06 0 0 0 .03-.049c0-.032-.02-.047-.072-.05-.184-.014-.566-.164-.817-.323l-.273-.156c-.068-.024-.114-.059-.114-.088 0-.013.014-.02.036-.02l.048.008.36.132.347.124a2.18 2.18 0 0 0 .555.116c.157 0 .265-.108.265-.265 0-.079-.02-.168-.052-.23-.05-.099-.116-.182-.143-.182s-.05.033-.05.088l.004.044.01.106c0 .111-.061.184-.156.184a.46.46 0 0 1-.135-.026l-.537-.173c-.467-.151-.648-.19-.878-.19-.649 0-1.139.438-1.139 1.022 0 .658.452 1.071 1.612 1.472 1.125.39 1.272.479 1.272.775 0 .17-.16.307-.359.307a1 1 0 0 1-.194-.017l-.562-.132c-.345-.084-.637-.116-1.027-.116-.819 0-1.214.125-1.642.521-.099.092-.139.109-.249.109l-.056-.002-.13-.008c-.099 0-.174.047-.234.149l-.132.223c-.018.031-.054.049-.095.049-.086 0-.131-.057-.212-.256a.64.64 0 0 0-.165-.249l-.174-.149c-.026-.023-.041-.044-.041-.06s.015-.044.041-.08a.84.84 0 0 0 .075-.115c.026-.047.039-.081.041-.1l.008-.074c.006-.024.03-.041.059-.041.055 0 .064.036.066.24a.59.59 0 0 0 .066.223l.091.198c.012.026.041.042.075.042.086 0 .194-.201.223-.413.024-.176.043-.232.079-.232s.049.021.119.166c.022.044.056.087.099.124s.075.054.099.058h.009c.068 0 .091-.043.107-.199l.008-.082-.016-.116-.011-.08c0-.053.018-.085.049-.085.018 0 .04.012.062.033l.082.083c.055.055.111.083.166.083.071 0 .115-.031.115-.081 0-.041-.009-.061-.082-.183a2.51 2.51 0 0 1-.058-.107c-.073-.139-.108-.174-.173-.174l-.084.008-.107.041c-.032.012-.054.019-.066.019s-.025-.014-.025-.033c0-.074.049-.192.141-.336.057-.09.104-.311.14-.649l.042-.388c.025-.238.051-.323.099-.323.017 0 .031.007.033.017l.024.124v.099c0 .12.013.218.028.218.035 0 .087-.041.137-.111.036-.05.063-.106.083-.165.027-.089.042-.161.042-.217 0-.191-.081-.273-.339-.345-.026-.007-.043-.016-.049-.025l-.009-.074v-.14l-.017-.1-.032-.083-.042-.091-.066.041c-.169.106-.21.138-.265.206-.075.095-.101.119-.132.119-.023 0-.041-.016-.041-.036l.033-.141.003-.024c0-.181-.102-.356-.284-.487l-.058.066-.058.083-.099.116a.39.39 0 0 0-.092.245l.001.027.001.028c0 .065-.01.088-.041.088l-.018-.008-.066-.082-.082-.099-.149-.091-.074-.058c-.08.173-.083.191-.083.414v.069c0 .074-.024.119-.064.119-.019 0-.054-.014-.101-.041-.037-.021-.082-.034-.123-.034-.12 0-.209.102-.209.241 0 .151.032.255.133.42.065.107.15.194.19.194.005 0 .015-.076.025-.177l-.025-.14-.005-.063c0-.053.019-.086.05-.086.046 0 .075.051.104.19l.066.306.066.388a1.54 1.54 0 0 0 .099.33 1.66 1.66 0 0 0 .14.289c.092.118.102.134.102.16 0 .02-.017.038-.036.038s-.043-.009-.075-.025a.32.32 0 0 0-.099-.033l-.06-.009c-.137 0-.165.11-.165.658 0 .342.071.798.159 1.019l.174.438a.56.56 0 0 1 .042.205c0 .604-.817 1.569-1.678 1.983-.335.161-.434.328-.463.784a1.57 1.57 0 0 1 .289-.116c.244-.068.296-.103.33-.215l.033-.107c.015-.046.045-.068.215-.157.064-.033.109-.07.132-.107.043-.071.076-.106.098-.106s.036.016.036.043l-.002.013-.091.236-.01.058c0 .173.097.317.275.408l.024-.099c.029-.126.058-.209.083-.248l.158-.231c.057-.084.067-.139.067-.352l-.009-.26-.005-.066c0-.043.02-.066.058-.066.029 0 .053.011.055.025l.024.157c.006.033.04.058.081.058.08 0 .182-.102.291-.289.042-.073.059-.13.059-.197a1.9 1.9 0 0 0-.026-.257l-.003-.049c0-.041.024-.067.063-.067.021 0 .037.007.04.016l.058.191c.019.063.063.107.108.107.127 0 .258-.259.272-.537.008-.174.03-.235.083-.235.021 0 .036.008.041.02l.033.107c.012.039.036.065.059.065s.063-.037.115-.099a.83.83 0 0 0 .074-.107c.016-.029.024-.059.024-.087 0-.042-.009-.053-.074-.103s-.091-.104-.091-.173c0-.12.051-.248.198-.504.135-.232.153-.259.186-.259s.055.031.055.07c0 .024-.006.049-.017.072-.022.048-.034.081-.034.099 0 .032.029.059.066.059a.34.34 0 0 0 .15-.05 1.66 1.66 0 0 1 .223-.091l.281-.099c.052-.016.111-.025.17-.025.048 0 .096.006.144.017.094.022.158.034.19.034a.13.13 0 0 0 .133-.131.35.35 0 0 0-.051-.143l-.074-.115c-.036-.038-.051-.059-.051-.074l.009-.033c.01-.02.028-.033.047-.033.065 0 .193.133.308.323.648 1.057.962 1.391 1.438 1.535.496.15.613.255.613.551 0 .157-.083.346-.258.588-.33.458-.447.726-.447 1.031l.001.068.091-.042c.068-.034.112-.054.133-.058l.206-.041c.065-.013.117-.09.117-.173l-.001-.016-.016-.182-.002-.029c0-.102.05-.187.112-.187.023 0 .049.021.063.05l.132.28c.053.115.116.17.288.248zM17.663 3.42l-.008.132-.002.081c0 .134.021.192.071.192s.141-.102.179-.215a.84.84 0 0 0 .042-.224.41.41 0 0 0-.042-.156c-.037-.09-.075-.132-.121-.132-.071 0-.104.091-.118.322z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M17.089 1.893l.116.115c.169.169.285.513.285.846l-.004.137-.025.388-.008.325c0 1.079.314 1.815.776 1.815.116 0 .258-.107.356-.265.021-.034.049-.06.066-.06.026 0 .039.022.041.068l.017.182.016.156.025.174.025.162c0 .083-.017.092-.215.119a.55.55 0 0 0-.231.091c-.128.082-.203.139-.215.165l-.091.19c-.012.024-.032.041-.053.041-.048 0-.113-.073-.204-.231-.084-.146-.121-.23-.121-.269 0-.026.021-.037.072-.037h.017l.099.008.074-.008.067-.008c.028-.007.049-.031.049-.061 0-.02-.013-.038-.033-.046l-.372-.158c-.089-.038-.185-.134-.272-.272-.095-.152-.151-.285-.151-.36 0-.059.025-.097.065-.097.016 0 .037.006.061.019a.31.31 0 0 0 .097.033c.014 0 .03-.006.044-.017s.025-.027.025-.04c0-.024-.025-.055-.066-.085-.309-.219-.497-.485-.497-.704 0-.064.015-.094.047-.094l.061.006c.045.009.099.017.116.017.045 0 .076-.025.076-.064 0-.024-.03-.054-.076-.076-.206-.103-.257-.162-.388-.455-.101-.224-.153-.318-.24-.429.108-.052.166-.067.257-.067.113 0 .184.074.264.273.05.126.105.211.137.211.015 0 .021-.026.021-.095a.96.96 0 0 0-.034-.248c-.02-.075-.029-.137-.024-.182l-.017-.116-.091-.05c-.084-.045-.141-.154-.141-.271a.61.61 0 0 1 .017-.15l.05-.191a1.6 1.6 0 0 0 .059-.349v-.071l.074.082zm.992 5.953a1.22 1.22 0 0 1-.396-.123.75.75 0 0 0-.31-.084c-.131 0-.231.041-.351.141l.074.057.166.116.158.124c.04.032.089.05.139.05.162 0 .299-.074.522-.281zm3.182 1.502a.47.47 0 0 1 .165-.215c.231-.198.339-.345.339-.462v-.083-.099c0-.106.017-.141.073-.141.025 0 .045.01.051.025l.041.098c.01.023.036.037.07.037.059 0 .101-.042.203-.21.043-.071.061-.117.061-.164 0-.029-.006-.061-.02-.093l-.058-.131a.4.4 0 0 1-.034-.129c0-.054.027-.086.074-.086.025 0 .047.01.06.026l.065.082c.015.018.019.029.044.029s.085-.029.106-.07l.066-.132c.017-.033.025-.059.025-.075 0-.028-.026-.056-.067-.073l-.116-.05c-.135-.058-.248-.291-.248-.512 0-.025.009-.061.025-.107l.05-.141a.41.41 0 0 0 .025-.137c0-.081-.025-.159-.082-.251l-.099-.173c-.048-.123-.076-.164-.117-.164-.029 0-.057.011-.106.039l-.083.05-.116.133-.116.057c-.069.035-.135.184-.135.309 0 .178.039.275.309.757.114.204.168.355.168.47 0 .336-.343.613-.903.727-.669.137-.815.248-.892.678.116-.06.162-.068.366-.068l.121.002h.019c.111 0 .125-.008.196-.107a.62.62 0 0 1 .273-.23l.132-.058.107-.058.033-.009c.03 0 .046.012.046.035 0 .028-.027.076-.079.139-.08.097-.126.196-.126.272 0 .11.018.166.085.265z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M20.223 8.069c.095.059.191.145.248.223.079.108.09.116.169.116a.52.52 0 0 0 .12-.017l.074-.016c.141-.027.183-.047.183-.085 0-.023-.013-.046-.035-.064l-.099-.082-.091-.083a.44.44 0 0 0-.261-.092c-.103 0-.186.027-.309.1zm2.675.446l.049-.009.083-.008.066.008.045.003c.084 0 .127-.009.162-.036.051-.039.104-.101.157-.19.021-.035.032-.068.032-.094 0-.056-.051-.088-.141-.088-.227 0-.366.126-.454.413z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M19.816 2.81c.009.077.049.14.09.14.035 0 .09-.118.176-.263.117-.199.214-.365.214-.471 0-.035-.018-.062-.041-.062l-.009.003-.091.084a.94.94 0 0 1-.273.148c-.106.038-.136.07-.136.14l.012.067.069.143-.011.072zm-.724-.611c-.029-.024-.07-.042-.092-.042-.035 0-.05.018-.05.06l.002.024c.006.045.018.092.032.14a.72.72 0 0 0 .109.231l.125.209a.43.43 0 0 0 .18.114l.006.001c.022 0 .041-.014.043-.034l.026-.165.041-.149.005-.035c0-.04-.023-.076-.062-.096l-.141-.075-.222-.181z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M19.637 3.248h-.044l-.096-.009c-.003-.001-.037-.021-.1-.059-.037-.022-.077-.033-.116-.033-.076 0-.121.047-.121.126 0 .062.037.182.105.344l.108.264c.091.231.185.33.31.33.107 0 .193-.088.26-.263l.091-.372c.044-.116.153-.164.153-.245 0-.095-.106-.186-.196-.186l-.048.009-.124.084-.182.008z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M19.627 3.477h-.099c-.015 0-.03.009-.041.025-.016.023-.025.038-.025.041l.041.198.033.173c.019.095.034.133.105.133.081 0 .15-.055.159-.157l.017-.182.016-.188c0-.018-.009-.036-.024-.051s-.027-.018-.043-.018l-.007.001-.132.025z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M8.2 5.467l.033.124.066.264c.104.472.192.595.421.595.131 0 .24-.073.273-.182l.05-.166c.011-.038.04-.06.079-.06.089 0 .131.093.135.3.002.059.021.194.059.404.022.124.032.245.032.36a.59.59 0 0 1-.049.259c.028.162.05.38.05.506 0 .204-.038.394-.099.493a1.04 1.04 0 0 1 .042.311 1.55 1.55 0 0 1-.026.275l-.044.285a.35.35 0 0 0 .019.111c.016.047.025.081.025.099 0 .023-.011.041-.025.041l-.165-.066-.182-.099c-.059-.032-.099-.064-.19-.148-.161.144-.208.166-.628.281-.084.022-.146.048-.182.074-.052.037-.09.057-.11.057-.071 0-.105-.114-.105-.35 0-.175.018-.337.05-.46a.94.94 0 0 0-.295-.074 1.68 1.68 0 0 0-.126.016l-.031.003c-.024 0-.044-.036-.044-.079 0-.032.022-.112.051-.179l.082-.198c.03-.072.098-.154.198-.239a.53.53 0 0 1 .215-.125l.297-.057c.177-.034.282-.128.282-.251s-.08-.199-.257-.261l-.356-.124a1.91 1.91 0 0 1-.323-.157c-.197-.117-.23-.132-.277-.132-.071 0-.112.054-.112.147 0 .147.096.25.232.25.028 0 .056-.006.083-.017.04-.016.069-.025.085-.025.037 0 .058.022.058.063l-.002.036-.017.14c-.014.12-.092.265-.264.496l-.074.099a1.14 1.14 0 0 1-.446.652l-.091.066c-.007.008-.029.047-.066.116-.017.032-.072.098-.165.198-.07.076-.139.139-.207.19-.092.07-.148.121-.165.149l-.083.141c-.015.025-.04.041-.067.041-.073 0-.14-.076-.182-.206-.03-.097-.057-.125-.12-.125-.032 0-.081.009-.144.025l-.116.016h-.298c-.148 0-.358.039-.454.084-.038.018-.067.026-.085.026s-.033-.011-.055-.051c-.015-.028-.018-.041-.018-.066 0-.151.108-.435.249-.661.09-.143.119-.176.223-.264-.033-.14-.123-.249-.231-.28l-.141-.041c-.019-.006-.033-.022-.033-.04 0-.043.067-.102.191-.167.161-.085.324-.132.454-.132.137 0 .27.054.422.174.224.175.284.207.393.207.177 0 .345-.162.345-.331 0-.113-.06-.234-.218-.438-.23-.298-.299-.452-.299-.671 0-.136.042-.309.093-.386l.083-.123c.017-.028.028-.055.028-.08 0-.055-.064-.095-.149-.095-.13 0-.381.093-.581.215-.099.061-.166.132-.166.176 0 .026.013.05.034.064l.091.058c.011.007.018.02.018.034s-.014.038-.034.064l-.165.215a2.76 2.76 0 0 1-.347.363.57.57 0 0 0-.083.083c-.001.001-.023.042-.066.124a1.3 1.3 0 0 1-.364.371c-.061.042-.099.072-.115.091s-.034.053-.066.115c-.021.04-.057.098-.108.173-.081.12-.148.205-.198.256L3.4 8.67c-.071.071-.133.209-.231.511-.058.183-.111.29-.142.29-.014 0-.037-.018-.065-.051-.164-.187-.305-.298-.379-.298-.017 0-.048.014-.092.042-.061.038-.136.067-.223.083l-.305.057c-.231.044-.322.094-.455.248-.032.036-.058.057-.072.057-.025 0-.044-.041-.044-.096l.008-.077.042-.223c.044-.239.098-.416.165-.537l.14-.256c.028-.05.042-.095.042-.134 0-.19-.197-.365-.437-.387-.061-.005-.084-.02-.084-.054 0-.042.067-.125.159-.193.165-.126.382-.215.52-.215.084 0 .213.035.371.099l.182.074a.49.49 0 0 0 .184.043c.192 0 .379-.175.609-.57.104-.179.149-.308.149-.424 0-.208-.099-.336-.262-.336a.53.53 0 0 0-.357.156c-.083.084-.127.172-.127.256l.003.092.001.02c0 .077-.026.12-.072.12-.078 0-.191-.111-.516-.504-.242-.293-.296-.418-.306-.711-.28-.357-.35-.508-.35-.762l.011-.17c-.194-.233-.249-.36-.249-.574 0-.078.013-.124.059-.218-.099-.145-.13-.21-.157-.322l-.041-.174c-.028-.118-.073-.22-.132-.305-.075-.107-.083-.121-.083-.158 0-.096.066-.134.356-.205-.012-.08-.017-.142-.017-.183 0-.048.006-.094.025-.197l.058-.306c.023-.123.035-.211.035-.264s-.009-.098-.06-.263a.9.9 0 0 0-.074-.19c-.027-.042-.05-.094-.05-.113 0-.029.02-.045.057-.045.082 0 .298.131.522.316.474.392.572.549.637 1.023l.025.166c.227.167.347.369.347.585a1.03 1.03 0 0 1-.165.529l-.166.256a.5.5 0 0 0-.074.273c0 .155.045.298.157.494.127.223.235.314.368.314.218 0 .409-.379.409-.81v-.058l-.001-.149c0-.084.005-.167.018-.272l.024-.24.009-.199.003-.13c0-.046-.024-.093-.086-.158l-.181-.198c-.263-.287-.407-.556-.407-.757a.42.42 0 0 1 .422-.439.6.6 0 0 1 .175.032v-.056c0-.364.075-.633.175-.633l.04.013.149.132.181.116.05.049c0-.102.005-.113.108-.232.025-.028.063-.081.115-.157l.082-.124.042-.074c.022-.042.044-.062.068-.062s.042.03.072.12c.019.056.032.071.174.198.049.044.083.081.098.108s.036.078.067.164l.025.067a.5.5 0 0 1 .165-.149l.124-.074c.046-.028.078-.043.092-.043s.026.02.041.05.035.07.066.124c.088.153.117.227.117.299l-.002.081V1.9c.271.085.373.225.373.517 0 .21-.11.451-.323.705-.142.169-.158.202-.158.32 0 .611.426.965 1.175.976l.553.008c.356.006.569.041.9.148.393.128.507.158.621.158.038 0 .076-.012.107-.034s.049-.049.049-.073c0-.116-.203-.209-.867-.397-1.363-.386-1.941-.934-1.941-1.836 0-.697.58-1.237 1.33-1.237a2.89 2.89 0 0 1 .826.141l.338.124c.062.023.122.035.178.035.115 0 .174-.096.177-.291.003-.104.026-.14.094-.14.095 0 .242.119.377.306s.224.401.224.542c0 .188-.088.319-.29.432-.185.282-.414.412-.72.412-.239 0-.578-.135-1.139-.454-.196-.111-.295-.148-.398-.148-.146 0-.241.084-.241.214 0 .119.092.196.334.28.357.125.445.174.586.323.421.073.604.146.868.346.725.23 1.175.724 1.175 1.291 0 .551-.373.947-.892.947a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-.391-.05z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M9.021 9.083a.91.91 0 0 1-.03-.199l.006-.065.025-.132.009-.107c0-.115-.019-.196-.058-.248L8.872 8.2c-.032-.044-.061-.097-.082-.158-.011-.03-.017-.054-.017-.069 0-.037.023-.061.06-.061.022 0 .031.004.106.048.032.019.06.028.081.028.049 0 .076-.08.076-.22 0-.159-.015-.248-.05-.288l-.124-.14-.107-.091c-.026-.022-.044-.05-.044-.072 0-.035.027-.06.067-.06s.117.018.183.042l.038.008c.034 0 .047-.02.047-.068l-.002-.03-.025-.174-.049-.181c-.016-.059-.025-.068-.063-.068l-.021.003-.206.041-.033.003c-.271 0-.557-.228-.644-.515l-.165-.537c-.051-.166-.175-.323-.397-.504-.067-.055-.124-.086-.165-.09l-.149-.017c-.027-.003-.045-.019-.045-.041 0-.034.032-.049.103-.049l.272.024a2.14 2.14 0 0 1 .446.116c.247.085.414.121.554.121.413 0 .661-.223.661-.597 0-.256-.134-.545-.338-.731-.117-.104-.233-.182-.273-.182-.023 0-.042.019-.042.044l.008.105v.01c0 .041-.024.073-.057.073-.042 0-.089-.054-.143-.165-.156-.325-.404-.518-.661-.518-.043 0-.074.018-.074.044 0 .017.013.057.041.119l.066.148a.28.28 0 0 1 .027.076c0 .009-.016.018-.035.018-.038 0-.098-.034-.14-.078l-.123-.132-.108-.166c-.086-.132-.155-.192-.339-.289l-.198-.107c-.038-.022-.073-.033-.103-.033s-.044.014-.044.043.011.058.032.09c.061.094.085.141.085.166s-.019.049-.043.049c-.064 0-.197-.13-.315-.305-.097-.145-.149-.307-.149-.464 0-.355.259-.619.61-.619.181 0 .41.077.621.207l.388.24a1.02 1.02 0 0 0 .452.149 1.11 1.11 0 0 0 .242-.042c.036-.01.07-.023.099-.041.023-.014.039-.032.039-.046s-.009-.032-.023-.036l-.049-.016-.182-.034c-.047-.008-.122-.036-.223-.083l-.414-.206a1.61 1.61 0 0 0-.272-.156c-.067-.023-.109-.053-.109-.079s.013-.036.037-.036.054.011.088.032c.122.076.228.116.306.116l.355.124c.176.062.433.116.549.116.15 0 .271-.122.271-.273a.72.72 0 0 0-.143-.362c-.019-.027-.039-.042-.056-.042-.033 0-.051.024-.051.066l.008.067.013.098c0 .107-.072.191-.164.191a.44.44 0 0 1-.13-.026l-.537-.173c-.45-.145-.658-.19-.884-.19-.642.001-1.132.442-1.132 1.022 0 .657.462 1.081 1.603 1.472 1.123.385 1.281.479 1.281.768 0 .166-.168.314-.356.314a1.03 1.03 0 0 1-.198-.017l-.562-.132a4.18 4.18 0 0 0-1.028-.116c-.81 0-1.26.142-1.649.521-.097.095-.129.109-.241.109l-.056-.002-.116-.008h-.015c-.097 0-.169.045-.233.149l-.141.223c-.023.031-.058.049-.094.049-.074 0-.119-.056-.203-.256a.7.7 0 0 0-.173-.249l-.165-.149c-.027-.024-.042-.046-.042-.063s.012-.045.033-.077c.079-.115.107-.166.116-.215.022-.11.025-.115.071-.115s.066.051.07.24a.6.6 0 0 0 .067.223l.091.198c.011.026.041.042.074.042.085 0 .194-.201.223-.413.024-.177.042-.232.079-.232.015 0 .029.006.036.017s.034.061.074.148a.33.33 0 0 0 .108.124.34.34 0 0 0 .099.058l.01.001c.067 0 .09-.044.106-.2l.008-.082-.017-.116-.012-.08c0-.053.019-.085.049-.085.018 0 .04.012.062.033l.083.083c.055.054.11.082.163.082.069 0 .111-.028.111-.073 0-.04-.015-.079-.076-.191l-.058-.107c-.066-.125-.119-.174-.181-.174l-.083.008-.099.041c-.03.012-.052.019-.065.019s-.026-.014-.026-.033c0-.074.048-.191.14-.336.065-.105.11-.328.132-.649.028-.431.086-.711.146-.711.041 0 .057.035.057.127l-.004.113-.003.079c0 .077.017.139.037.139.071 0 .155-.105.222-.276.028-.072.043-.128.043-.168l-.009-.038-.165-.306-.165-.049c-.031-.009-.051-.023-.058-.037V1.9v-.09l-.016-.1-.033-.083-.041-.091c-.181.098-.267.163-.331.247s-.101.12-.133.12c-.021 0-.04-.02-.04-.044s.008-.065.025-.134l.005-.046c0-.178-.108-.352-.286-.465l-.05.066-.058.083-.099.116a.48.48 0 0 0-.083.165.32.32 0 0 0-.017.094v.013l.001.03c0 .069-.007.086-.038.086l-.02-.009-.058-.082-.09-.099-.14-.091-.074-.058-.033.074c-.026.058-.04.102-.041.133l-.009.132-.008.14.001.024c0 .072-.017.1-.061.1-.015 0-.057-.018-.097-.041a.24.24 0 0 0-.12-.034c-.129 0-.211.089-.211.228 0 .165.049.323.133.433l.107.14c.03.037.084.07.087.049l.02-.173-.025-.14-.005-.063c0-.053.018-.086.049-.086.047 0 .075.051.105.19l.066.306.067.388a1.54 1.54 0 0 0 .099.33 1.71 1.71 0 0 0 .141.289c.092.118.102.134.102.16 0 .02-.017.038-.035.038s-.043-.009-.074-.025a.34.34 0 0 0-.099-.033l-.065-.009c-.133 0-.16.114-.16.665a3.35 3.35 0 0 0 .159 1.012l.173.438a.54.54 0 0 1 .041.205c0 .602-.799 1.547-1.677 1.983-.327.161-.431.317-.454.676l-.008.108a1.15 1.15 0 0 1 .28-.116c.246-.064.294-.095.331-.215l.032-.107c.013-.04.033-.055.223-.157.065-.034.111-.072.133-.107.041-.07.076-.107.098-.107s.032.01.032.027l-.007.029-.082.236-.01.058c0 .175.096.317.274.408.029-.191.049-.256.108-.346l.148-.231c.055-.086.078-.19.078-.353a1.53 1.53 0 0 0-.02-.258l-.006-.065c0-.042.022-.066.058-.066.029 0 .052.01.055.024l.033.157c.006.034.041.058.08.058.08 0 .183-.103.291-.289a.44.44 0 0 0 .061-.219l-.012-.112-.025-.123-.002-.024c0-.054.03-.092.073-.092.019 0 .034.007.037.016l.049.191c.017.063.061.107.107.107.056 0 .151-.096.207-.207a.73.73 0 0 0 .075-.338c0-.176.018-.227.083-.227.021 0 .037.007.041.02l.033.107c.013.039.036.065.059.065.034 0 .127-.1.189-.206.017-.027.025-.055.025-.077 0-.035-.024-.071-.075-.113-.086-.071-.091-.082-.091-.19s.017-.158.091-.289l.107-.198c.104-.204.142-.257.18-.257.032 0 .06.034.06.073 0 .022-.006.045-.017.068a.28.28 0 0 0-.033.098c0 .032.027.059.061.059s.088-.017.146-.05c.022-.013.099-.042.231-.091l.273-.099a.49.49 0 0 1 .165-.025.66.66 0 0 1 .148.017l.191.034c.075 0 .141-.064.141-.138 0-.055-.057-.163-.133-.251-.028-.033-.042-.058-.042-.075l.01-.033c.011-.02.028-.033.044-.033.056 0 .186.139.303.323.711 1.119.966 1.39 1.446 1.535.486.148.613.261.613.55 0 .158-.081.341-.258.589-.36.503-.447.706-.447 1.038v.061l.091-.042c.067-.034.112-.054.132-.058l.206-.041c.062-.013.117-.092.117-.169l-.001-.021-.025-.182-.002-.024c0-.064.032-.138.076-.174.014-.01.028-.018.043-.018.023 0 .051.022.065.051l.132.28c.054.115.117.169.288.248zm-6.66-5.985c-.06 0-.091.052-.097.165l-.016.156-.02.2c0 .118.035.205.083.205s.135-.101.177-.216c.025-.07.037-.13.037-.193 0-.055-.013-.121-.037-.187-.03-.084-.076-.132-.126-.132zm-.685-1.205l.116.115c.189.188.282.501.282.945 0 .098-.005.163-.026.425l-.017.34c0 1.024.333 1.798.774 1.798.139 0 .229-.066.359-.264.021-.032.054-.06.075-.06s.039.021.041.068l.017.182.017.156.016.174.025.157.002.02c0 .046-.02.072-.059.079l-.149.025c-.074.012-.152.043-.231.091-.125.075-.199.132-.215.165l-.091.19c-.013.024-.032.041-.052.041-.048 0-.125-.084-.213-.231-.075-.126-.121-.228-.121-.27 0-.026.02-.036.073-.036h.016l.107.008.066-.008.075-.008c.028-.004.05-.028.05-.058 0-.022-.014-.041-.033-.049l-.371-.158a.58.58 0 0 1-.281-.272c-.102-.196-.15-.313-.15-.371 0-.051.027-.085.067-.085.014 0 .034.006.058.018a.33.33 0 0 0 .105.033c.032 0 .061-.025.061-.052s-.03-.062-.066-.089c-.31-.225-.488-.484-.488-.707 0-.062.015-.092.048-.092l.06.007.107.016h.005c.04 0 .071-.026.071-.064 0-.023-.028-.054-.068-.076l-.132-.074c-.046-.029-.085-.068-.115-.116a7.22 7.22 0 0 1-.14-.264l-.116-.223-.075-.14a.75.75 0 0 0-.05-.066.52.52 0 0 1 .257-.067c.113 0 .184.074.264.273.05.126.105.211.136.211.016 0 .021-.027.021-.097a.94.94 0 0 0-.034-.246c-.02-.075-.029-.137-.025-.182l-.016-.116-.099-.05c-.022-.01-.048-.04-.075-.082-.046-.072-.066-.133-.066-.188 0-.035.009-.092.025-.15.084-.315.108-.438.108-.54l-.001-.071.075.082z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M2.666 7.846c-.115-.017-.169-.03-.24-.058l-.157-.065c-.133-.057-.233-.084-.316-.084-.125 0-.227.042-.344.141l.074.057.165.116.157.124a.22.22 0 0 0 .136.05c.162 0 .303-.076.525-.281zm3.179 1.503c.045-.103.067-.131.165-.215.231-.198.338-.345.338-.462v-.083-.099c0-.106.018-.141.073-.141.025 0 .044.01.051.025l.041.098c.01.023.037.038.07.038s.079-.038.121-.096l.083-.115c.041-.058.06-.107.06-.161a.27.27 0 0 0-.018-.095l-.058-.132a.39.39 0 0 1-.034-.129c0-.054.027-.086.074-.086.024 0 .046.01.059.026l.066.082c.014.018.038.029.063.029.03 0 .065-.029.086-.07l.066-.132c.017-.033.026-.059.026-.074 0-.026-.027-.052-.075-.075l-.107-.05c-.142-.065-.249-.292-.249-.529a.24.24 0 0 1 .017-.09l.058-.141a.33.33 0 0 0 .025-.132c0-.086-.028-.172-.083-.256l-.108-.173c-.049-.13-.074-.167-.114-.167l-.042.01-.058.033-.091.05-.107.133-.115.057c-.069.035-.135.182-.135.303 0 .215.024.274.307.762.11.188.168.352.168.472 0 .338-.303.579-.911.725l-.38.091c-.28.067-.445.259-.504.587.116-.06.161-.068.366-.068l.122.002h.019c.11 0 .125-.008.195-.107.082-.114.162-.182.273-.23l.132-.058.107-.058.033-.009c.03 0 .046.012.046.034 0 .032-.03.086-.078.14-.095.106-.132.194-.132.32 0 .08.019.126.091.217z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M4.805 8.068a.95.95 0 0 1 .248.223c.079.108.09.116.168.116.033 0 .074-.006.121-.017l.074-.016c.136-.026.183-.046.183-.08 0-.02-.015-.045-.042-.069l-.091-.082-.091-.083a.45.45 0 0 0-.273-.093c-.099 0-.157.02-.298.101zm2.679.447l.049-.009.075-.008.074.008.036.003c.183 0 .36-.155.36-.319 0-.057-.052-.088-.146-.088-.223 0-.362.128-.449.414z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M4.402 2.81c.009.076.049.14.089.14.035 0 .075-.091.161-.237.117-.198.229-.392.229-.497 0-.035-.017-.062-.041-.062l-.008.003-.091.083c-.066.06-.118.088-.281.148-.093.036-.127.073-.127.141l.012.066.041.116.017.099z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M3.896 2.379l.14.075c.039.02.06.047.06.08l-.01.052c-.02.07-.004.147-.005.176-.007.148-.119.146-.165.146-.027 0-.013-.017-.078-.091l-.182-.206c-.056-.063-.105-.208-.124-.371l-.001-.021c0-.045.014-.062.05-.062.022 0 .063.018.091.042l.223.181zm.323.867h-.045l-.095-.009a3.81 3.81 0 0 1-.099-.059c-.037-.022-.078-.033-.118-.033-.075 0-.123.041-.123.104s.033.181.109.367l.108.264c.094.232.186.331.307.331.108 0 .123-.106.196-.289.165-.415.257-.476.257-.623 0-.1-.022-.127-.113-.127l-.077-.018-.132.084-.174.008z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M4.212 3.477h-.107c-.016 0-.032.009-.041.025l-.016.041.041.198.033.173c.018.095.053.133.124.133.081 0 .131-.055.14-.157l.016-.182.016-.188c0-.018-.009-.036-.025-.051s-.027-.018-.041-.018l-.008.001-.132.025z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M14.987 10.884c-.072-.176-.245-.3-.447-.3s-.375.124-.447.3h-.705c-.072-.176-.245-.3-.447-.3s-.375.124-.447.3h-.705c-.072-.176-.245-.3-.447-.3s-.375.124-.447.3H9.98v4.28h.81v1.641h.95v-1.64h2.399v1.64h.949v-1.64h.809v-4.28h-.911z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M10.965 15.539h.492v.632h-.492v-.632zm0 .774h.492v.2h-.492v-.2zm3.351-.774h.492v.632h-.492v-.632zm0 .774h.492v.2h-.492v-.2z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g fill="#e73337" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M10.309 11.234h5.256v.195h-5.256v-.195zm.002 3.599h5.254v-3.22h-5.256l.002 3.22z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="C" data-v-7c4b1471><use xlink:href="#B" data-v-7c4b1471></use><path d="M12.715 11.1c0-.124.101-.225.225-.225s.225.101.225.225v.591c0 .124-.101.225-.225.225s-.225-.101-.225-.225V11.1zm1.598 0c0-.124.101-.225.225-.225s.225.101.225.225v.591c0 .124-.101.225-.225.225s-.225-.101-.225-.225V11.1zm-2.633 2.158c.339.424.766.633 1.294.633.489 0 .826-.175 1.222-.633-.395-.405-.763-.575-1.246-.575-.508 0-.966.207-1.27.575z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><g class="B" data-v-7c4b1471><path d="M12.938 12.873c-.364 0-.659.113-1.008.383.289.286.629.433 1.002.433.42 0 .694-.116 1.006-.425-.358-.284-.633-.391-1-.391zm-.014.483c-.195 0-.36-.052-.569-.183.174-.094.37-.142.578-.142a1.38 1.38 0 0 1 .597.142 1.03 1.03 0 0 1-.605.183zm2.079 1.191c-.157 0-.284-.127-.284-.283s.127-.284.284-.284.284.127.284.284-.127.283-.284.283z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><path d="M15.002 14.049c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.097.215.216.215.216-.097.216-.215-.097-.216-.216-.216z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M10.887 14.547c-.161 0-.293-.127-.293-.283s.127-.284.284-.284.284.127.284.284a.28.28 0 0 1-.275.283z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M10.876 14.049c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.101.215.225.215c.114 0 .208-.097.208-.215s-.097-.216-.216-.216z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M10.877 12.593c-.156 0-.284-.127-.284-.284s.127-.283.284-.283.284.127.284.283-.128.284-.284.284z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><use xlink:href="#C" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></use><path d="M15.003 12.593c-.157 0-.284-.127-.284-.284s.127-.283.284-.283.284.127.284.283-.127.284-.284.284z" class="B" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path d="M15.002 12.092c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.097.216.216.216.216-.097.216-.216-.097-.216-.216-.216z" class="C" data-v-7c4b1471></path></g><defs data-v-7c4b1471><clipPath id="A" data-v-7c4b1471><path fill="#fff" d="M0 0h148.235v30H0z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></clipPath><path id="B" d="M11.113 11.1c0-.124.101-.225.225-.225s.225.101.225.225v.591c0 .124-.101.225-.225.225s-.225-.101-.225-.225V11.1z" data-v-7c4b1471></path><path id="C" d="M10.876 12.092c-.119 0-.216.097-.216.216s.097.216.216.216.216-.097.216-.216-.097-.216-.216-.216z" data-v-7c4b1471></path></defs></svg></a></div><div class="gh-mobile-menu-options"><div class="gh-menu-option"><button aria-expanded="false"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--profile" style="color:;" title="Login and registration" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button></div><div class="gh-menu-option"><a href="/core/shopping-cart" rel="nofollow"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--shopping-cart" style="color:;" title="Shopping cart" data-v-27c0a44c></div></a></div><div class="gh-menu-option"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="AdditionalMenuOptions"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--chevron-down" style="color:;" title="Additional menu options" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button></div></div></div></div><div class="gh-popovers gh-desktop-nav"><div class="gh-popoverContainer gh-popoverContainer-productsAndServicesPopover" id="gh-productsAndServicesPopover"><button class="gh-popoverTrigger gh-popoverHeader" aria-expanded="false"><div class="gh-menu-option"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--grid" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c></div> Products and Services </div><svg width="12" height="7" viewbox="0 0 12 7" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="gh-icon gh-chevron"><path d="M1.28033 0.21967C0.987436 -0.0732233 0.512564 -0.0732233 0.21967 0.21967C-0.0732231 0.512563 -0.0732231 0.987437 0.21967 1.28033L5.21967 6.28033C5.51256 6.57322 5.98744 6.57322 6.28033 6.28033L11.2803 1.28033C11.5732 0.987437 11.5732 0.512563 11.2803 0.21967C10.9874 -0.0732233 10.5126 -0.0732233 10.2197 0.21967L5.75 4.68934L1.28033 0.21967Z" class="fill-current" stroke="none"></path></svg></button></div><div class="gh-profile"><div class="gh-menu-option"><a href="/core/register"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--register" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c></div>Register</a></div><div class="gh-menu-option"><a href="/core/login"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--sign-in" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c></div>Log In</a></div></div><div class="gh-menu-option"><a href="/core/shopping-cart" rel="nofollow"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--shopping-cart" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c></div> (0) Cart</a></div></div></nav></div></div></div></div></div> </div></div><script></script> </div> <global-header id="global-header-wc" class="global-header" environment="prod" show-discovery-tool="false" register-url="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" login-url="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" logout-url="/core/logout?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" my-account-url="/core/my-core" basket-url="/core/shopping-cart" basket-items-count="0" style="display:none" ></global-header> </div> <script> const globalHeader = $('#global-header'); const globalHeaderWc = $('#global-header-wc'); const maintenanceMessage = $('#maintenance-message'); const maintenanceMessageWc = $('#maintenance-message-wc'); globalHeaderWc.on('initialized', function () { globalHeader.hide(); globalHeaderWc.show(); }); maintenanceMessageWc.on('initialized', function () { maintenanceMessage.hide(); maintenanceMessageWc.show(); }); </script> </header> <div class="off-canvas-wrap desktop overflow-visible"> <div class="inner-wrap"> </div> </div> <div id='platform-header'> <div class="__shared-elements-html ShEl"><div class="__shared-elements-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/entry.BhGMTrWu.css"> <link rel="prefetch" as="style" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/error-404.B06nACMW.css"> <link rel="prefetch" as="style" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/error-500.WGRfNq7F.css"> </div><div class="__shared-elements-body"><div id="__sharedElements-dmvc6t"><div class="apl"><section class="apl-platform-header apl-theme--core" data-v-cabeb8f7><div tabindex="0" data-v-cabeb8f7><div class="apl-container apl-container--no-padding apl-container--full-width apl-platform-header__container--full-width" data-v-cabeb8f7><div class="apl-container apl-platform-header__container apl-platform-header__container--mobile" data-v-5f67d08b data-v-cabeb8f7><div class="apl-platform-header__branding" data-v-5f67d08b><a href="/core/" class="platform-logo" title="Cambridge Core homepage"><div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 209 20" fill="none" role="img" width="140" height="30"><title> Logo for Cambridge Core from Cambridge University Press. Click to return to homepage. </title><path d="M173.541 7.465c-4.172 0-7.648 3.521-7.648 7.747s3.476 7.746 7.648 7.746 7.648-3.521 7.648-7.746-3.337-7.747-7.648-7.747zm0 11.408c-2.086 0-3.616-1.69-3.616-3.662s1.669-3.662 3.616-3.662c2.086 0 3.615 1.69 3.615 3.662.139 2.113-1.529 3.662-3.615 3.662zm-159.357.704c-.973.563-1.947.704-3.198.704a8.31 8.31 0 0 1-3.337-.704c-.973-.423-1.808-.986-2.503-1.831-.695-.704-1.112-1.69-1.53-2.676s-.556-1.972-.556-3.099.139-2.253.556-3.38.834-1.972 1.53-2.676 1.53-1.408 2.503-1.831 2.086-.704 3.198-.704c.973 0 1.947.141 2.781.563.973.423 1.669.986 2.225 1.831l2.364-1.831c-.834-1.127-1.947-1.972-3.198-2.394-1.391-.563-2.642-.845-4.033-.845-1.669 0-3.059.282-4.45.845S4.033 2.817 3.059 3.944C2.086 4.93 1.391 6.197.834 7.465.278 8.873 0 10.282 0 11.972c0 1.268.278 2.676.695 3.944.556 1.268 1.251 2.394 2.086 3.521.973.986 2.086 1.831 3.337 2.535 1.391.563 2.781.986 4.45.986 1.252 0 2.225-.141 3.198-.422s1.669-.704 2.364-1.127 1.112-.845 1.53-1.268.695-.704.834-.986l-2.364-1.831c-.278.986-.973 1.69-1.947 2.254zm18.773.282v-7.183c0-.563-.139-1.268-.278-1.831-.278-.563-.556-1.127-1.112-1.549-.417-.423-1.112-.845-1.808-.986-.695-.282-1.669-.423-2.642-.423s-1.947.141-2.92.563c-.973.282-1.808.845-2.642 1.549l1.53 1.69c.278-.141.417-.422.695-.563s.556-.423.834-.563.695-.282 1.112-.423S26.56 10 27.116 10s1.112.141 1.53.282.695.422.973.704.417.563.556.986.139.704.139 1.127v.563h-1.947c-1.113 0-2.086.141-3.059.282s-1.808.422-2.503.845-1.251.845-1.669 1.549c-.417.563-.556 1.409-.556 2.254 0 .704.139 1.268.417 1.831s.556.986 1.113 1.268c.417.423.973.563 1.53.845.556.141 1.252.282 1.808.282 1.112 0 1.947-.141 2.781-.563s1.53-.986 2.086-1.972c0 .704 0 1.408.139 2.113h2.364c0-.423 0-.704-.139-1.127.417-.423.278-.845.278-1.408zm-2.364-3.239c0 .423 0 .986-.139 1.408s-.417.986-.695 1.268c-.278.422-.695.704-1.251.986s-1.112.422-1.808.422c-.973 0-1.669-.141-2.225-.563s-.834-.986-.834-1.69c0-.563.139-.986.556-1.408.278-.423.834-.563 1.391-.845.556-.141 1.112-.282 1.808-.423.695 0 1.252-.141 1.947-.141h1.391v.986h-.139zM56.039 10c-.417-.563-.973-.986-1.669-1.408s-1.53-.563-2.642-.563c-.834 0-1.669.282-2.503.704s-1.53 1.127-1.947 1.972c-.417-.845-.973-1.549-1.808-1.972-.695-.423-1.53-.704-2.642-.704-.695 0-1.251.141-1.669.282-.556.141-.973.423-1.391.704s-.695.563-.973.845-.417.563-.417.704V8.31h-2.503v14.085h2.642V15.07c0-.845.139-1.549.278-2.113s.417-1.127.834-1.408c.278-.423.695-.704 1.113-.845s.834-.282 1.39-.282c.695 0 1.113.141 1.53.282.417.282.695.563.834.986s.278.845.417 1.409c0 .563.139 1.127.139 1.831v7.324h2.642v-7.746c0-1.268.278-2.253.834-3.098s1.53-1.127 2.781-1.127c.695 0 1.112.141 1.53.282.417.282.695.563.973.845.278.422.417.845.417 1.268 0 .563.139.986.139 1.549v7.887h2.642v-8.169c0-.845-.139-1.549-.278-2.254 0-.422-.278-1.127-.695-1.69zm16.826.141c-.556-.704-1.391-1.127-2.225-1.549s-1.808-.563-2.92-.563c-.973 0-1.947.282-2.781.704s-1.53.986-2.086 1.69V0h-2.642v22.394h2.642v-1.972a6.17 6.17 0 0 0 2.086 1.69c.834.422 1.808.563 2.781.563 1.112 0 2.086-.141 2.92-.563s1.669-.845 2.225-1.549 1.112-1.408 1.391-2.394c.278-.845.556-1.831.556-2.958 0-.986-.139-1.972-.556-2.958-.278-.704-.695-1.408-1.391-2.113zm-1.252 7.183c-.278.563-.556 1.127-.973 1.549s-.834.704-1.391.986-1.251.422-1.947.422-1.391-.141-1.947-.422-1.112-.563-1.391-.986c-.417-.422-.695-.986-.973-1.549s-.278-1.268-.278-1.972.139-1.408.278-1.972c.278-.563.556-1.127.973-1.549s.834-.704 1.391-.986 1.252-.423 1.947-.423 1.391.141 1.947.423 1.112.563 1.391.986c.417.423.695.986.973 1.549s.278 1.268.278 1.972c.139.704 0 1.409-.278 1.972zM82.46 8.169c-.417.141-.834.282-1.112.563-.417.282-.695.423-.973.845-.278.282-.556.704-.695.986V8.451h-2.642v14.085h2.642v-7.042c0-1.549.278-2.676.973-3.38s1.669-1.127 2.92-1.127h.695c.278 0 .417.141.695.141l.139-2.817c-.417-.141-.695-.141-1.112-.141a2.82 2.82 0 0 0-1.53 0zm5.145 14.225h2.642V8.31h-2.642v14.085zm1.252-20.986a1.77 1.77 0 0 0-1.391.563c-.278.423-.556.845-.556 1.408s.139.986.556 1.408a1.77 1.77 0 0 0 1.391.563 1.77 1.77 0 0 0 1.39-.563c.417-.423.556-.845.556-1.408s-.139-.986-.556-1.408a1.77 1.77 0 0 0-1.39-.563zm15.574 9.014a6.17 6.17 0 0 0-2.085-1.69c-.835-.423-1.808-.704-2.781-.704-1.112 0-2.086.141-2.92.563s-1.669.845-2.225 1.549-1.112 1.409-1.391 2.394c-.278.845-.556 1.831-.556 2.958 0 .986.139 1.972.556 2.958.278.845.834 1.69 1.391 2.394s1.391 1.268 2.225 1.549c.834.422 1.808.563 2.92.563.974 0 1.807-.141 2.781-.563a6.17 6.17 0 0 0 2.085-1.69v1.972h2.643V0h-2.643v10.423zm-.417 6.901c-.278.563-.556 1.127-.973 1.549s-.834.704-1.391.986-1.251.422-1.946.422-1.391-.141-1.947-.422-1.112-.563-1.39-.986c-.417-.422-.695-.986-.973-1.549s-.278-1.268-.278-1.972.139-1.408.278-1.972c.278-.563.556-1.127.973-1.549s.834-.704 1.39-.986 1.252-.423 1.947-.423 1.39.141 1.946.423 1.113.563 1.391.986c.417.423.695.986.973 1.549s.278 1.268.278 1.972c.139.704 0 1.409-.278 1.972zm17.104-6.901c-.556-.704-1.251-1.268-2.225-1.69-.834-.423-1.808-.563-2.781-.563-1.112 0-2.086.141-2.92.563s-1.669.845-2.225 1.549-1.112 1.408-1.39 2.394c-.279.845-.557 1.831-.557 2.958 0 .986.139 1.972.557 2.817s.834 1.69 1.529 2.253c.695.704 1.391 1.127 2.225 1.549s1.808.563 2.781.563 1.947-.141 2.781-.563a5.21 5.21 0 0 0 2.086-1.831h.139v2.113c0 .563-.139 1.127-.278 1.831-.139.563-.417 1.127-.834 1.549s-.835.845-1.53 1.127-1.53.422-2.503.422-1.947-.141-2.781-.563-1.53-.986-2.225-1.69l-1.808 2.253c.974.986 2.086 1.549 3.199 1.972s2.364.563 3.615.563c1.112 0 2.225-.141 3.059-.563.974-.422 1.808-.845 2.364-1.549.695-.704 1.252-1.408 1.53-2.253.417-.845.556-1.831.556-2.958V8.732h-2.642v1.69h.278zm-1.251 8.451c-.835.845-1.947 1.268-3.338 1.268s-2.503-.422-3.337-1.268-1.252-1.972-1.252-3.38c0-.704.139-1.408.279-1.972.278-.563.556-1.127.973-1.549s.834-.704 1.39-.986 1.252-.423 1.947-.423 1.391.141 1.947.423 1.112.563 1.391.986c.417.423.695.986.973 1.549s.278 1.268.278 1.972c0 1.408-.417 2.535-1.251 3.38zm18.633-8.451c-.556-.704-1.251-1.268-2.086-1.69s-1.947-.704-3.198-.704c-1.113 0-1.947.141-2.92.563-.835.423-1.669.845-2.225 1.549-.695.704-1.113 1.409-1.53 2.394-.417.845-.556 1.831-.556 2.958 0 .986.139 1.972.556 2.958.278.845.835 1.69 1.391 2.394s1.39 1.127 2.225 1.549 1.946.563 3.059.563c2.642 0 4.728-.986 6.257-2.817l-2.085-1.831c-.557.704-1.113 1.127-1.669 1.549s-1.391.563-2.086.563c-.556 0-1.251-.141-1.808-.282s-1.112-.422-1.529-.845-.835-.845-1.113-1.268a3.79 3.79 0 0 1-.417-1.69h11.264v-.845c0-.845-.139-1.831-.418-2.676-.139-.986-.556-1.69-1.112-2.394zm-9.734 3.803c0-.423.139-.986.278-1.408s.556-.986.835-1.268c.417-.423.834-.704 1.39-.986a3.81 3.81 0 0 1 1.808-.423c.695 0 1.251.141 1.808.282s.973.563 1.251.845c.278.422.556.845.695 1.268.139.563.278.986.278 1.69h-8.343zm30.592 3.944c-.695.422-1.529.563-2.503.563-.834 0-1.529-.141-2.364-.563-.695-.282-1.39-.845-1.807-1.408-.557-.563-.974-1.268-1.252-2.113a8.3 8.3 0 0 1-.417-2.676 8.3 8.3 0 0 1 .417-2.676c.278-.845.695-1.549 1.252-2.113s1.112-1.127 1.946-1.408c.696-.282 1.53-.563 2.364-.563s1.669.141 2.225.423c.695.282 1.252.704 1.669 1.268l3.476-2.958c-.417-.563-.973-1.127-1.529-1.408-.557-.423-1.113-.704-1.808-.986-.556-.282-1.252-.423-1.947-.563s-1.251-.141-1.808-.141c-1.668 0-3.198.282-4.449.704a12.06 12.06 0 0 0-3.616 2.254c-.973.986-1.807 2.113-2.364 3.521s-.834 2.958-.834 4.507c0 1.69.278 3.239.834 4.507.557 1.409 1.391 2.535 2.364 3.521s2.225 1.69 3.616 2.253 2.92.704 4.449.704c1.391 0 2.782-.282 4.172-.845s2.503-1.549 3.337-2.817l-3.893-2.817c-.139.845-.834 1.409-1.53 1.831zm32.539-10.563c-.973 0-1.808.282-2.503.704s-1.251 1.127-1.668 1.972V8.028h-4.45v14.366h4.45v-6.056c0-.704 0-1.408.139-1.972s.278-1.127.556-1.549.695-.704 1.112-.986c.556-.282 1.113-.422 1.947-.422.278 0 .695 0 .973.141.279 0 .557.141.974.282V7.746c-.278 0-.417-.141-.695-.141h-.835zm16.965 7.606c0-1.127-.139-2.254-.417-3.099a5.18 5.18 0 0 0-1.391-2.394c-.556-.704-1.251-1.127-2.086-1.549s-1.807-.563-2.781-.563c-1.112 0-2.086.141-3.059.563s-1.808.845-2.503 1.549-1.251 1.408-1.669 2.394-.556 1.972-.556 3.099.139 2.254.556 3.099c.418.986.974 1.69 1.669 2.394s1.53 1.127 2.503 1.549 1.947.563 3.059.563 2.225-.282 3.338-.704A8.03 8.03 0 0 0 208.166 20l-3.06-2.253c-.417.563-.834.986-1.251 1.268-.556.282-1.112.422-1.808.422-.834 0-1.529-.282-2.225-.704-.556-.563-.973-1.127-1.112-1.972H209v-1.549h-.139zm-10.29-1.549c0-.423.139-.704.278-.986s.417-.563.556-.845c.278-.282.556-.422.974-.563s.834-.282 1.251-.282c.834 0 1.53.282 1.947.845.556.563.695 1.127.695 1.972h-5.701v-.141z" fill="#fff"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="apl-container apl-container--no-padding apl-platform-header__navigation-mobile-container" data-v-5f67d08b><div data-v-5f67d08b><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--secondary apl-button--md apl-button--icon-only apl-platform-header__button apl-platform-header__button--icon" aria-label="Log in by institution"><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--institution apl-button__icon--center" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button></div><div class="apl-search apl-search--collapse apl-search--md apl-platform-header__search" data-v-aec9f5e2 data-v-5f67d08b><input class="apl-search__input" type="search" placeholder="Search..." autocomplete="off" value data-v-aec9f5e2><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--md apl-button--icon-only apl-search__btn-search apl-search__btn-search--mobile" aria-label="Search" data-v-3dc43ba0 data-v-aec9f5e2><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--search apl-button__icon--center" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--md apl-search__btn-search apl-search__btn-search--desktop" aria-label="Search" data-v-28a98aec data-v-aec9f5e2><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--search apl-button__icon--left" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div><span>Search</span></button></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--secondary apl-button--md apl-button--icon-only apl-platform-header__button apl-platform-header__button--icon apl-menu__options--mobile" aria-label="Expand menu options" aria-expanded="false" id="apl-menu__mobile-menu-toggle" data-v-b4a8da84 data-v-5f67d08b><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--menu apl-button__icon--center" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button></div></div><div class="apl-container apl-platform-header__container apl-platform-header__container--desktop" data-v-b46fab2c data-v-cabeb8f7><div class="apl-container apl-container--no-padding apl-platform-header__logo-and-menu-container" data-v-b46fab2c><div class="apl-platform-header__branding" data-v-b46fab2c><a href="/core/" class="platform-logo" title="Cambridge Core homepage"><div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 209 20" fill="none" role="img" width="140" height="30"><title> Logo for Cambridge Core from Cambridge University Press. Click to return to homepage. </title><path d="M173.541 7.465c-4.172 0-7.648 3.521-7.648 7.747s3.476 7.746 7.648 7.746 7.648-3.521 7.648-7.746-3.337-7.747-7.648-7.747zm0 11.408c-2.086 0-3.616-1.69-3.616-3.662s1.669-3.662 3.616-3.662c2.086 0 3.615 1.69 3.615 3.662.139 2.113-1.529 3.662-3.615 3.662zm-159.357.704c-.973.563-1.947.704-3.198.704a8.31 8.31 0 0 1-3.337-.704c-.973-.423-1.808-.986-2.503-1.831-.695-.704-1.112-1.69-1.53-2.676s-.556-1.972-.556-3.099.139-2.253.556-3.38.834-1.972 1.53-2.676 1.53-1.408 2.503-1.831 2.086-.704 3.198-.704c.973 0 1.947.141 2.781.563.973.423 1.669.986 2.225 1.831l2.364-1.831c-.834-1.127-1.947-1.972-3.198-2.394-1.391-.563-2.642-.845-4.033-.845-1.669 0-3.059.282-4.45.845S4.033 2.817 3.059 3.944C2.086 4.93 1.391 6.197.834 7.465.278 8.873 0 10.282 0 11.972c0 1.268.278 2.676.695 3.944.556 1.268 1.251 2.394 2.086 3.521.973.986 2.086 1.831 3.337 2.535 1.391.563 2.781.986 4.45.986 1.252 0 2.225-.141 3.198-.422s1.669-.704 2.364-1.127 1.112-.845 1.53-1.268.695-.704.834-.986l-2.364-1.831c-.278.986-.973 1.69-1.947 2.254zm18.773.282v-7.183c0-.563-.139-1.268-.278-1.831-.278-.563-.556-1.127-1.112-1.549-.417-.423-1.112-.845-1.808-.986-.695-.282-1.669-.423-2.642-.423s-1.947.141-2.92.563c-.973.282-1.808.845-2.642 1.549l1.53 1.69c.278-.141.417-.422.695-.563s.556-.423.834-.563.695-.282 1.112-.423S26.56 10 27.116 10s1.112.141 1.53.282.695.422.973.704.417.563.556.986.139.704.139 1.127v.563h-1.947c-1.113 0-2.086.141-3.059.282s-1.808.422-2.503.845-1.251.845-1.669 1.549c-.417.563-.556 1.409-.556 2.254 0 .704.139 1.268.417 1.831s.556.986 1.113 1.268c.417.423.973.563 1.53.845.556.141 1.252.282 1.808.282 1.112 0 1.947-.141 2.781-.563s1.53-.986 2.086-1.972c0 .704 0 1.408.139 2.113h2.364c0-.423 0-.704-.139-1.127.417-.423.278-.845.278-1.408zm-2.364-3.239c0 .423 0 .986-.139 1.408s-.417.986-.695 1.268c-.278.422-.695.704-1.251.986s-1.112.422-1.808.422c-.973 0-1.669-.141-2.225-.563s-.834-.986-.834-1.69c0-.563.139-.986.556-1.408.278-.423.834-.563 1.391-.845.556-.141 1.112-.282 1.808-.423.695 0 1.252-.141 1.947-.141h1.391v.986h-.139zM56.039 10c-.417-.563-.973-.986-1.669-1.408s-1.53-.563-2.642-.563c-.834 0-1.669.282-2.503.704s-1.53 1.127-1.947 1.972c-.417-.845-.973-1.549-1.808-1.972-.695-.423-1.53-.704-2.642-.704-.695 0-1.251.141-1.669.282-.556.141-.973.423-1.391.704s-.695.563-.973.845-.417.563-.417.704V8.31h-2.503v14.085h2.642V15.07c0-.845.139-1.549.278-2.113s.417-1.127.834-1.408c.278-.423.695-.704 1.113-.845s.834-.282 1.39-.282c.695 0 1.113.141 1.53.282.417.282.695.563.834.986s.278.845.417 1.409c0 .563.139 1.127.139 1.831v7.324h2.642v-7.746c0-1.268.278-2.253.834-3.098s1.53-1.127 2.781-1.127c.695 0 1.112.141 1.53.282.417.282.695.563.973.845.278.422.417.845.417 1.268 0 .563.139.986.139 1.549v7.887h2.642v-8.169c0-.845-.139-1.549-.278-2.254 0-.422-.278-1.127-.695-1.69zm16.826.141c-.556-.704-1.391-1.127-2.225-1.549s-1.808-.563-2.92-.563c-.973 0-1.947.282-2.781.704s-1.53.986-2.086 1.69V0h-2.642v22.394h2.642v-1.972a6.17 6.17 0 0 0 2.086 1.69c.834.422 1.808.563 2.781.563 1.112 0 2.086-.141 2.92-.563s1.669-.845 2.225-1.549 1.112-1.408 1.391-2.394c.278-.845.556-1.831.556-2.958 0-.986-.139-1.972-.556-2.958-.278-.704-.695-1.408-1.391-2.113zm-1.252 7.183c-.278.563-.556 1.127-.973 1.549s-.834.704-1.391.986-1.251.422-1.947.422-1.391-.141-1.947-.422-1.112-.563-1.391-.986c-.417-.422-.695-.986-.973-1.549s-.278-1.268-.278-1.972.139-1.408.278-1.972c.278-.563.556-1.127.973-1.549s.834-.704 1.391-.986 1.252-.423 1.947-.423 1.391.141 1.947.423 1.112.563 1.391.986c.417.423.695.986.973 1.549s.278 1.268.278 1.972c.139.704 0 1.409-.278 1.972zM82.46 8.169c-.417.141-.834.282-1.112.563-.417.282-.695.423-.973.845-.278.282-.556.704-.695.986V8.451h-2.642v14.085h2.642v-7.042c0-1.549.278-2.676.973-3.38s1.669-1.127 2.92-1.127h.695c.278 0 .417.141.695.141l.139-2.817c-.417-.141-.695-.141-1.112-.141a2.82 2.82 0 0 0-1.53 0zm5.145 14.225h2.642V8.31h-2.642v14.085zm1.252-20.986a1.77 1.77 0 0 0-1.391.563c-.278.423-.556.845-.556 1.408s.139.986.556 1.408a1.77 1.77 0 0 0 1.391.563 1.77 1.77 0 0 0 1.39-.563c.417-.423.556-.845.556-1.408s-.139-.986-.556-1.408a1.77 1.77 0 0 0-1.39-.563zm15.574 9.014a6.17 6.17 0 0 0-2.085-1.69c-.835-.423-1.808-.704-2.781-.704-1.112 0-2.086.141-2.92.563s-1.669.845-2.225 1.549-1.112 1.409-1.391 2.394c-.278.845-.556 1.831-.556 2.958 0 .986.139 1.972.556 2.958.278.845.834 1.69 1.391 2.394s1.391 1.268 2.225 1.549c.834.422 1.808.563 2.92.563.974 0 1.807-.141 2.781-.563a6.17 6.17 0 0 0 2.085-1.69v1.972h2.643V0h-2.643v10.423zm-.417 6.901c-.278.563-.556 1.127-.973 1.549s-.834.704-1.391.986-1.251.422-1.946.422-1.391-.141-1.947-.422-1.112-.563-1.39-.986c-.417-.422-.695-.986-.973-1.549s-.278-1.268-.278-1.972.139-1.408.278-1.972c.278-.563.556-1.127.973-1.549s.834-.704 1.39-.986 1.252-.423 1.947-.423 1.39.141 1.946.423 1.113.563 1.391.986c.417.423.695.986.973 1.549s.278 1.268.278 1.972c.139.704 0 1.409-.278 1.972zm17.104-6.901c-.556-.704-1.251-1.268-2.225-1.69-.834-.423-1.808-.563-2.781-.563-1.112 0-2.086.141-2.92.563s-1.669.845-2.225 1.549-1.112 1.408-1.39 2.394c-.279.845-.557 1.831-.557 2.958 0 .986.139 1.972.557 2.817s.834 1.69 1.529 2.253c.695.704 1.391 1.127 2.225 1.549s1.808.563 2.781.563 1.947-.141 2.781-.563a5.21 5.21 0 0 0 2.086-1.831h.139v2.113c0 .563-.139 1.127-.278 1.831-.139.563-.417 1.127-.834 1.549s-.835.845-1.53 1.127-1.53.422-2.503.422-1.947-.141-2.781-.563-1.53-.986-2.225-1.69l-1.808 2.253c.974.986 2.086 1.549 3.199 1.972s2.364.563 3.615.563c1.112 0 2.225-.141 3.059-.563.974-.422 1.808-.845 2.364-1.549.695-.704 1.252-1.408 1.53-2.253.417-.845.556-1.831.556-2.958V8.732h-2.642v1.69h.278zm-1.251 8.451c-.835.845-1.947 1.268-3.338 1.268s-2.503-.422-3.337-1.268-1.252-1.972-1.252-3.38c0-.704.139-1.408.279-1.972.278-.563.556-1.127.973-1.549s.834-.704 1.39-.986 1.252-.423 1.947-.423 1.391.141 1.947.423 1.112.563 1.391.986c.417.423.695.986.973 1.549s.278 1.268.278 1.972c0 1.408-.417 2.535-1.251 3.38zm18.633-8.451c-.556-.704-1.251-1.268-2.086-1.69s-1.947-.704-3.198-.704c-1.113 0-1.947.141-2.92.563-.835.423-1.669.845-2.225 1.549-.695.704-1.113 1.409-1.53 2.394-.417.845-.556 1.831-.556 2.958 0 .986.139 1.972.556 2.958.278.845.835 1.69 1.391 2.394s1.39 1.127 2.225 1.549 1.946.563 3.059.563c2.642 0 4.728-.986 6.257-2.817l-2.085-1.831c-.557.704-1.113 1.127-1.669 1.549s-1.391.563-2.086.563c-.556 0-1.251-.141-1.808-.282s-1.112-.422-1.529-.845-.835-.845-1.113-1.268a3.79 3.79 0 0 1-.417-1.69h11.264v-.845c0-.845-.139-1.831-.418-2.676-.139-.986-.556-1.69-1.112-2.394zm-9.734 3.803c0-.423.139-.986.278-1.408s.556-.986.835-1.268c.417-.423.834-.704 1.39-.986a3.81 3.81 0 0 1 1.808-.423c.695 0 1.251.141 1.808.282s.973.563 1.251.845c.278.422.556.845.695 1.268.139.563.278.986.278 1.69h-8.343zm30.592 3.944c-.695.422-1.529.563-2.503.563-.834 0-1.529-.141-2.364-.563-.695-.282-1.39-.845-1.807-1.408-.557-.563-.974-1.268-1.252-2.113a8.3 8.3 0 0 1-.417-2.676 8.3 8.3 0 0 1 .417-2.676c.278-.845.695-1.549 1.252-2.113s1.112-1.127 1.946-1.408c.696-.282 1.53-.563 2.364-.563s1.669.141 2.225.423c.695.282 1.252.704 1.669 1.268l3.476-2.958c-.417-.563-.973-1.127-1.529-1.408-.557-.423-1.113-.704-1.808-.986-.556-.282-1.252-.423-1.947-.563s-1.251-.141-1.808-.141c-1.668 0-3.198.282-4.449.704a12.06 12.06 0 0 0-3.616 2.254c-.973.986-1.807 2.113-2.364 3.521s-.834 2.958-.834 4.507c0 1.69.278 3.239.834 4.507.557 1.409 1.391 2.535 2.364 3.521s2.225 1.69 3.616 2.253 2.92.704 4.449.704c1.391 0 2.782-.282 4.172-.845s2.503-1.549 3.337-2.817l-3.893-2.817c-.139.845-.834 1.409-1.53 1.831zm32.539-10.563c-.973 0-1.808.282-2.503.704s-1.251 1.127-1.668 1.972V8.028h-4.45v14.366h4.45v-6.056c0-.704 0-1.408.139-1.972s.278-1.127.556-1.549.695-.704 1.112-.986c.556-.282 1.113-.422 1.947-.422.278 0 .695 0 .973.141.279 0 .557.141.974.282V7.746c-.278 0-.417-.141-.695-.141h-.835zm16.965 7.606c0-1.127-.139-2.254-.417-3.099a5.18 5.18 0 0 0-1.391-2.394c-.556-.704-1.251-1.127-2.086-1.549s-1.807-.563-2.781-.563c-1.112 0-2.086.141-3.059.563s-1.808.845-2.503 1.549-1.251 1.408-1.669 2.394-.556 1.972-.556 3.099.139 2.254.556 3.099c.418.986.974 1.69 1.669 2.394s1.53 1.127 2.503 1.549 1.947.563 3.059.563 2.225-.282 3.338-.704A8.03 8.03 0 0 0 208.166 20l-3.06-2.253c-.417.563-.834.986-1.251 1.268-.556.282-1.112.422-1.808.422-.834 0-1.529-.282-2.225-.704-.556-.563-.973-1.127-1.112-1.972H209v-1.549h-.139zm-10.29-1.549c0-.423.139-.704.278-.986s.417-.563.556-.845c.278-.282.556-.422.974-.563s.834-.282 1.251-.282c.834 0 1.53.282 1.947.845.556.563.695 1.127.695 1.972h-5.701v-.141z" fill="#fff"></path></svg></div></a></div><hr class="apl-platform-header__logo-and-menu-divider" data-v-b46fab2c><nav data-v-b46fab2c><div class="apl-container apl-container--no-padding apl-menu__options--desktop" data-v-1e1e1426 data-v-b46fab2c><ul class="apl-menu__list" data-v-1e1e1426><li id="menu_item-0" class="apl-menu__list-item" data-v-1e1e1426><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--secondary apl-button--md apl-button--text apl-platform-header__button apl-menu__item"><span>Browse</span><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--chevron-down apl-button__icon--right" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button></li><li id="menu_item-1" class="apl-menu__list-item" data-v-1e1e1426><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--secondary apl-button--md apl-button--text apl-platform-header__button apl-menu__item"><span>Services</span><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--chevron-down apl-button__icon--right" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button></li><li id="menu_item-2" class="apl-menu__list-item" data-v-1e1e1426><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--secondary apl-button--md apl-button--text apl-platform-header__button apl-menu__item"><span>Open research</span><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--chevron-down apl-button__icon--right" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button></li></ul></div></nav></div><div class="apl-container apl-container--no-padding apl-platform-header__account-and-search-container" data-v-b46fab2c><div class="apl-platform-header__authenticated-by" data-v-b46fab2c><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--secondary apl-button--md apl-button--text apl-platform-header__button"><span>Institution Login</span></button></div><div class="apl-search apl-search--collapse apl-search--md apl-platform-header__search" data-v-aec9f5e2 data-v-b46fab2c><input class="apl-search__input" type="search" placeholder="Search..." autocomplete="off" value data-v-aec9f5e2><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--md apl-button--icon-only apl-search__btn-search apl-search__btn-search--mobile" aria-label="Search" data-v-3dc43ba0 data-v-aec9f5e2><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--search apl-button__icon--center" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--md apl-search__btn-search apl-search__btn-search--desktop" aria-label="Search" data-v-28a98aec data-v-aec9f5e2><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--search apl-button__icon--left" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div><span>Search</span></button></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div> </div></div><script>window.__PLATFORM_HEADER_DATA__ = {"megaMenuData":{"menuItems":[{"id":"menu_item-0","label":"Browse","openExternal":null,"url":"","isMegaMenu":true,"menuCats":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0","label":"Subjects","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/browse-subjects","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0","label":" Subjects (A-D)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Anthropology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/anthropology"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Archaeology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/archaeology"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Area Studies","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/area-studies"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Art","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/art"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Chemistry","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/chemistry"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Classical Studies","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/classical-studies"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-6","label":"Computer Science","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/computer-science"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-0_link-7","label":"Drama, Theatre, Performance Studies","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/drama-and-theatre"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1","label":" Subjects (E-K)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Earth and Environmental Science","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/earth-and-environmental-sciences"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Economics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/economics"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Education","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/education"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Engineering","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/engineering"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-4","label":"English Language Teaching – Resources for Teachers","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/english-language-teaching-resources-for-teachers"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Film, Media, Mass Communication","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/film-media-mass-ommunication"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-6","label":"General Science","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/general-science"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-7","label":"Geography","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/geography"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-1_link-8","label":"History","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/history"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2","label":" Subjects (L-O)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Language and Linguistics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/language-and-linguistics"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Law","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/law"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Life Sciences","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/life-sciences"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Literature","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/literature"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-4","label":"Management","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/management"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-5","label":"Materials Science","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/materials-science"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-6","label":"Mathematics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/mathematics"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-7","label":"Medicine","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/medicine"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-8","label":"Music","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/music"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-2_link-9","label":"Nutrition","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/nutrition"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3","label":" Subjects (P-Z)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-0","label":"Philosophy","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/philosophy"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-1","label":"Physics and Astronomy","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/physics"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-2","label":"Politics and International Relations","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/politics-and-international-relations"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-3","label":"Psychiatry","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/psychiatry"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-4","label":"Psychology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/psychology"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-5","label":"Religion","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/religion"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-6","label":"Social Science Research Methods","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/social-science-research-methods"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-7","label":"Sociology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/sociology"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-0_subCat-3_link-8","label":"Statistics and Probability","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/browse-subjects/statistics-and-probability"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1","label":"Open access","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/publications/open-access","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0","label":"All open access publishing","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Open access","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Open access journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Research open journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/research-open?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Journals containing open access","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/hybrid-open-access-journals?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Open access articles","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL_ARTICLE"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Open access books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=BOOK&sort=canonical.date:desc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-1_subCat-0_link-6","label":"Open access Elements","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/elements/published-elements?aggs%5BopenAccess%5D%5Bfilters%5D=7275BA1E84CA769210167A6A66523B47&aggs%5BproductTypes%5D%5Bfilters%5D=ELEMENT&searchWithinIds=ECFD8F5C64F47F3F5A3D395C15B7C493"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2","label":"Journals","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/publications/journals","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-0","label":"Explore","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-0_link-0","label":"All journal subjects","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/journals"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Search journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/journals"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-1","label":"Open access","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Open access journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Research open journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/research-open?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Journals containing open access","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/hybrid-open-access-journals?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Open access articles","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL_ARTICLE"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-2","label":"Collections","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Cambridge Forum","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-forum"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Cambridge Law Reports Collection","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-law-reports-collection"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Cambridge Prisms","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-prisms"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-2_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Research Directions","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/research-directions"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3","label":"Books","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/publications/books","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-0","label":"Explore","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/books"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Open access books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=BOOK&sort=canonical.date:desc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-0_link-2","label":"New books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/books/listing?aggs[productDate][filters]=Last+3+months&aggs[productTypes][filters]=BOOK&sort=canonical.date:desc"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Flip it Open","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/flip-it-open"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-1","label":"Collections","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Cambridge Companions","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-companions"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Cambridge Editions","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-editions"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Cambridge Histories","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-histories"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Cambridge Library Collection","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-library-collection"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Cambridge Shakespeare","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-shakespeare"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Cambridge Handbooks","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridgehandbooks"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-2","label":" Collections (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Dispute Settlement Reports Online","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/dispute-settlement-reports-online"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Flip it Open","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/flip-it-open"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Hemingway Letters","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/hemingway-letters"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Shakespeare Survey","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/shakespeare-survey"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-2_link-4","label":"Stahl Online","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/stahl-online"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-3_subCat-2_link-5","label":"The Correspondence of Isaac Newton","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/the-correspondence-of-isaac-newton"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4","label":"Elements","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/publications/elements","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-0","label":"Explore","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-0_link-0","label":"About Elements","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/elements"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Elements series","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/elements/cambridge-elements-series"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Open access Elements","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/elements/published-elements?aggs%5BopenAccess%5D%5Bfilters%5D=7275BA1E84CA769210167A6A66523B47&aggs%5BproductTypes%5D%5Bfilters%5D=ELEMENT&searchWithinIds=ECFD8F5C64F47F3F5A3D395C15B7C493"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-0_link-3","label":"New Elements","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/elements/published-elements?aggs%5BproductTypes%5D%5Bfilters%5D=ELEMENT&aggs%5BproductDate%5D%5Bfilters%5D=Last%203%20months&searchWithinIds=ECFD8F5C64F47F3F5A3D395C15B7C493"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1","label":"Subjects (A-E)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Anthropology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Anthropology/2E44A5AF2838E017617A26DD79FAEAEE"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Archaeology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Archaeology/63A50B5368A9F97F8AA2D6AB965B5F4C"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Classical Studies","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Classical%20Studies/DDC63B7F5792FE2A95D1FB15F76E3F42"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Computer Science","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Computer%20Science/A57E10708F64FB69CE78C81A5C2A6555"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Drama, Theatre, Performance Studies","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Drama,%20Theatre,%20Performance%20Studies/2825E4E39F2D641B36543EE80FB1DEA3"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Earth and Environmental Sciences","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Earth%20and%20Environmental%20Sciences/F470FBF5683D93478C7CAE5A30EF9AE8"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-6","label":"Economics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Economics/FA44491F1F55F917C43E9832715B9DE7"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-7","label":"Education","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Education/550D00F8DF590F2598CF7CC0038E24D1"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-1_link-8","label":"Engineering","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Engineering/CCC62FE56DCC1D050CA1340C1CCF46F5"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2","label":" Subjects (F-O)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Film, Media, Mass Communication","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Film,%20Media,%20Mass%20Communication/4B91F10E834814A90CE718E7831E492F"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-1","label":"History","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/History/66BE42A30172E280FDE64F8EE2F485B0"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Language and Linguistics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Language%20and%20Linguistics/140D314098408C26BDF3009F7FF858E9"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Law","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Law/7C9FB6788DD8D7E6696263BC774F4D5B"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-4","label":"Life Sciences","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Life%20Sciences/E044EF2F61B601378786E9EDA901B2D5"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-5","label":"Literature","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Literature/F2434ADC122145767C6C3B988A8E9BD5"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-6","label":"Management","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Management/0EDCC0540639B06A5669BDEEF50C4CBE"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-7","label":"Mathematics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Mathematics/FA1467C44B5BD46BB8AA6E58C2252153"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-8","label":"Medicine","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Medicine/66FF02B2A4F83D9A645001545197F287"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-2_link-9","label":"Music","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Music/A370B5604591CB3C7F9AFD892DDF7BD1"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3","label":" Subjects (P-Z)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3_link-0","label":"Philosophy","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Philosophy/2D1AC3C0E174F1F1A93F8C7DE19E0FAB"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3_link-1","label":"Physics and Astronomy","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Physics%20and%20Astronomy/DBFB610E9FC5E012C011430C0573CC06"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3_link-2","label":"Politics and International Relations","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Politics%20and%20International%20Relations/3BF83347E5E456DAC34F3FABFC8BBF4E"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3_link-3","label":"Psychology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Psychology/21B42A72BA3E4CB0E3315E5B1B71B07F"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3_link-4","label":"Religion","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Religion/53E51D24FB488962B9364A2C4B45D1C3"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3_link-5","label":"Sociology","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Sociology/0E2CD53A93003DF17E52D753F6E90683"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-4_subCat-3_link-6","label":"Statistics and Probability","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/elements/subject/Statistics%20and%20Probability/3150B8B0D1B0B4E8DC17EC9EDFD9CA26"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-5","label":"Textbooks","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/publications/textbooks","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-5_subCat-0","label":"Explore","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-5_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Cambridge Higher Education","openExternal":false,"url":"/highereducation/"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-5_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Title list","openExternal":false,"url":"/highereducation/services/librarians/title-list"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-5_subCat-0_link-2","label":"New titles","openExternal":false,"url":"/highereducation/search?sortBy=publication_date&aggs=%24productDate%24Last%25206%2520months%3Atrue%26Last%252012%2520months%3Atrue%26Last%25203%2520years%3Atrue%26Over%25203%2520years%3Atrue%3B%3B&event=SE-AU_PREF"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6","label":"Collections","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/publications/collections","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-0","label":"Book collections","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Cambridge Companions","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-companions"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Cambridge Editions","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-editions"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Cambridge Histories","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-histories"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Cambridge Library Collection","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-library-collection"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Cambridge Shakespeare","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-shakespeare"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Cambridge Handbooks","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridgehandbooks"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-1","label":" Book collections (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Dispute Settlement Reports Online","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/dispute-settlement-reports-online"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Flip it Open","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/flip-it-open"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Hemingway Letters","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/hemingway-letters"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Shakespeare Survey","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/shakespeare-survey"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Stahl Online","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/stahl-online"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-1_link-5","label":"The Correspondence of Isaac Newton","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/the-correspondence-of-isaac-newton"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-2","label":"Journal collections","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Cambridge Forum","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-forum"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Cambridge Law Reports Collection","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-law-reports-collection"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Cambridge Prisms","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-prisms"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Research Directions","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/research-directions"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-3","label":"Series","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-6_subCat-3_link-0","label":"All series","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/collections/series"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7","label":"Partners","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0","label":"Partners","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Agenda Publishing","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/agenda-publishing"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Amsterdam University Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/amsterdam-university-press"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Anthem Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/anthem-press"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Boydell & Brewer","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/boydell-brewer"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Bristol University Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/bristol-university-press"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Edinburgh University Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/edinburgh-university-press"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-6","label":"Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/emirates-center"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-0_link-7","label":"Facet Publishing","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/facet-publishing"}]},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1","label":" Partners (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Foundation Books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/foundation-books"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Intersentia","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/intersentia"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-2","label":"ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/iseas"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Jagiellonian University Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/jagiellonian-university-press"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Royal Economic Society","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/royal-economic-society"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Unisa Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/unisa-press"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-6","label":"The University of Adelaide Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/university-adelaide-press"},{"id":"menu_item-0_cat-7_subCat-1_link-7","label":"Wits University Press","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/wits-university-press"}]}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1","label":"Services","openExternal":null,"url":"","isMegaMenu":true,"menuCats":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0","label":"About","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/about/about","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-0","label":"About Cambridge Core","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-0_link-0","label":"About","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/about"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Accessibility","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/accessibility"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-0_link-2","label":"CrossMark policy","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/crossmark-policy"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Ethical Standards","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/ethical-standards"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-1","label":"Environment and sustainability","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Environment and sustainability","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/environment-and-sustainability"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Reducing print","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/reducing-print"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Journals moving to online only","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/journals-moving-to-online-only"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-2","label":"Guides","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-2_link-0","label":"User guides","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/user-guides"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-2_link-1","label":"User Guides and Videos","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/user-guides-and-videos"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Support Videos","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/support-videos"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Training","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/about/training"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-3","label":"Help","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-3_link-0","label":"Cambridge Core help","openExternal":false,"url":"https://corehelp.cambridge.org/"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-3_link-1","label":"Contact us","openExternal":false,"url":"https://corehelp.cambridge.org/hc/en-gb/p/contact-information"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-0_subCat-3_link-2","label":"Technical support","openExternal":false,"url":"https://corehelp.cambridge.org/hc/en-gb/requests/new"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-1","label":"Agents","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/agents/services-for-agents","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-1_subCat-0","label":"Services for agents","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-1_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Services for agents","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/agents/services-for-agents"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-1_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Journals for agents","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/agents/journals-for-agents"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-1_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Books for agents","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/agents/books-for-agents"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-1_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Price list","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/agents/price-list"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2","label":"Authors","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/authors/authors","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0","label":"Journals","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Journal publishing statistics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/journal-publishing-statistics"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Corresponding author","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/corresponding-author"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Seeking permission to use copyrighted material","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/seeking-permission-to-use-copyrighted-material"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Publishing supplementary material","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/publishing-supplementary-material"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Writing an effective abstract","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/writing-an-effective-abstract"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-0_link-6","label":"Journal production - FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/journal-production-faqs"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1","label":"Journals (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Author affiliations","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/author-affiliations"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Co-reviewing policy","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/co-reviewing-policy"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Digital Author Publishing Agreement - FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/digital-author-publishing-agreement-faqs"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Anonymising your manuscript","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/anonymising-your-manuscript"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Publishing open access","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/publishing-open-access"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Converting your article to open access","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/converting-your-article-to-open-access"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-1_link-6","label":"Publishing Open Access - webinars","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/publishing-open-access-webinars"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-2","label":"Journals (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Preparing and submitting your paper","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/preparing-and-submitting-your-paper"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Publishing an accepted paper","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/publishing-an-accepted-paper"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Promoting your published paper","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/promoting-your-published-paper"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Measuring impact","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/measuring-impact"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-2_link-4","label":"Journals artwork guide","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/journals-artwork-guide"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-2_link-5","label":"Using ORCID","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/using-orcid"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-3","label":"Books","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-3_link-0","label":"Books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-3_link-1","label":"Marketing your book","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/marketing-your-book"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-2_subCat-3_link-2","label":"Author guides for Cambridge Elements","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/authors/elements-user-guides"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-3","label":"Corporates","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/corporates/services-for-corporates","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-3_subCat-0","label":"Corporates","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-3_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Commercial reprints","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/corporates/commercial-reprints"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-3_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Advertising","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/corporates/advertising"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-3_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Sponsorship","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/corporates/sponsorship"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-3_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Book special sales","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/corporates/book-special-sales"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-3_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Contact us","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/corporates/contact-us"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4","label":"Editors","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/editors/editors","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-0","label":"Information","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Journal development","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/journal-development"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Peer review for editors","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/peer-review-for-editors"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Open access for editors","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/open-access-for-editors"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Policies and guidelines","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/policies-and-guidelines"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-1","label":"Resources","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-1_link-0","label":"The editor's role","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/the-editors-role"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Open research for editors","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/open-research-for-editors"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Engagement and promotion","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/engagement-and-promotion"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Blogging","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/blogging"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-4_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Social media","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/editors/social-media"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5","label":"Librarians","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/librarians/librarians","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0","label":"Information","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Open Access for Librarians","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/open-access-for-librarians"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Transformative agreements","openExternal":false,"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/open-access-policies/read-and-publish-agreements"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Transformative Agreements - FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/transformative-agreements-faqs"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Evidence based acquisition","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/evidence-based-acquisition"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-4","label":"ebook news & updates","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/ebook-news-and-updates"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Cambridge libraries of the world podcast","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/cambridge-libraries-of-the-world-podcast"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-6","label":"Purchasing models","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/purchasing-models"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-0_link-7","label":"Journals Publishing Updates","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/journals-publishing-updates"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1","label":"Products","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Cambridge frontlist","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/cambridge-frontlist"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Cambridge journals digital archive","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/cambridge-journals-digital-archive"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Hot topics","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/hot-topics"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Other digital products","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/other-digital-products"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Perpetual access products","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/perpetual-access-products"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Price list","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/price-list"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-6","label":"Developing country programme","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/developing-country-programme"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-1_link-7","label":"New content","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/new-content"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2","label":"Tools","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Eligibility checker","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/eligibility-checker"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Transformative agreements","openExternal":false,"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/open-access-policies/read-and-publish-agreements"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2_link-2","label":"KBART","openExternal":false,"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/librarians/kbart"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2_link-3","label":"MARC records","openExternal":false,"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/librarians/marc-records"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2_link-4","label":"Using MARCEdit for MARC records","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/using-marcedit-for-marc-records"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2_link-5","label":"Inbound OpenURL specifications","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/inbound-openurl-specifications"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-2_link-6","label":"COUNTER report types","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/counter-report-types"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3","label":"Resources","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-0","label":"Catalogues and resources","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/catalogues-and-resources"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-1","label":"Making the most of your EBA","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/making-the-most-of-your-eba"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-2","label":"Posters","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/posters"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-3","label":"Leaflets and brochures","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/leaflets-and-brochures"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-4","label":"Additional resources","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/additional-resources"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-5","label":"Find my sales contact","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/find-my-sales-contact"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-6","label":"Webinars","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/webinars"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-5_subCat-3_link-7","label":"Read and publish resources","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/librarians/read-and-publish-resources"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6","label":"Peer review","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/peer-review","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0","label":"Peer review","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0_link-0","label":"How to peer review journal articles","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/how-to-peer-review-journal-articles"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0_link-1","label":"How to peer review book proposals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/how-to-peer-review-book-proposals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0_link-2","label":"How to peer review Registered Reports","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/how-to-peer-review-registered-reports"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Peer review FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/peer-review-faqs"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Ethics in peer review","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/ethics-in-peer-review"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Online peer review systems","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/online-peer-review-systems"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-6_subCat-0_link-6","label":"A guide to Publons","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/peer-review/a-guide-to-publons"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7","label":"Publishing ethics","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/publishing-ethics","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-0","label":"Journals ","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Publishing ethics guidelines for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/publishing-ethics-guidelines-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Core editorial policies for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/core-editorial-policies-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Authorship and contributorship for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/authorship-and-contributorship-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Affiliations for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/affiliations-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Research ethics for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/research-ethics-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Competing interests and funding for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/competing-interests-and-funding-journals"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-1","label":"Journals (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Data and supporting evidence for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/data-and-supporting-evidence-for-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Misconduct for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/misconduct-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Corrections, retractions and removals for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/corrections-retractions-and-removals-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Versions and adaptations for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/versions-and-adaptations-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Libel, defamation and freedom of expression","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/libel-defamation-and-freedom-of-expression"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Business ethics journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/business-ethics-journals"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-2","label":"Books","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Publishing ethics guidelines for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/publishing-ethics-guidelines-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Core editorial policies for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/core-editorial-policies-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Authorship and contributorship for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/authorship-and-contributorship-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Affiliations for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/affiliations-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-2_link-4","label":"Research ethics for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/research-ethics-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-2_link-5","label":"Competing interests and funding for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/competing-interests-and-funding-books"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-3","label":"Books (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-3_link-0","label":"Data and supporting evidence for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/data-and-supporting-evidence-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-3_link-1","label":"Misconduct for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/misconduct-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-3_link-2","label":"Corrections, retractions and removals for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/corrections-retractions-and-removals-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-3_link-3","label":"Versions and adaptations for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/versions-and-adaptations-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-3_link-4","label":"Libel, defamation and freedom of expression","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/libel-defamation-and-freedom-of-expression"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-7_subCat-3_link-5","label":"Business ethics books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-ethics/business-ethics-books"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8","label":"Publishing partners","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/publishing-partnerships","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-0","label":"Publishing partners","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Publishing partnerships","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/publishing-partnerships"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Partner books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/partner-books"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-0_link-2","label":"eBook publishing partnerships","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/ebook-publishing-partnerships"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Journal publishing partnerships","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/journal-publishing-partnerships"}]},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-1","label":"Publishing partners (cont.)","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Journals publishing","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/journals-publishing"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Customer support","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/customer-support"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Membership Services","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/membership-services"},{"id":"menu_item-1_cat-8_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Our Team","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/publishing-partners/our-team"}]}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-2","label":"Open research","openExternal":null,"url":"","isMegaMenu":true,"menuCats":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0","label":"Open access policies","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/open-access-policies","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-0","label":"Open access policies","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Open research","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/open-research"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Open access policies","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/open-access-policies"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Cambridge University Press and Plan S","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/cambridge-university-press-and-plan-s"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Text and data mining","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/text-and-data-mining"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Preprint policy","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/preprint-policy"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Social sharing","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/social-sharing"}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-1","label":"Journals","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Open access journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/open-access-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Gold open access journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/gold-open-access-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Transformative journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/transformative-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Green Open Access policy for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/green-open-access-policy-for-journals"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Transparent pricing policy for journals","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/transparent-pricing-policy-for-journals"}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-2","label":"Books and Elements","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Open access books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/open-access-books"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Gold open access books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/gold-open-access-books"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-2_link-2","label":"Green Open Access policy for books","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/green-open-access-policy-for-books"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-0_subCat-2_link-3","label":"Open access Elements","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-policies/open-access-elements"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1","label":"Open access publishing","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-access","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0","label":"About open access","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Open research","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-research"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Open Access Week","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-access-week"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0_link-2","label":"What is open access?","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-access"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Open access glossary","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-access-glossary"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Open access myths","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-access-myths"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0_link-5","label":"Hybrid Open Access FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/hybrid-open-access-faqs"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-0_link-6","label":"Eligibility checker","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/eligibility-checker"}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1","label":"Open access resources","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Open access resources","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-access-resources"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1_link-1","label":"Benefits of open access","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/benefits-of-open-access"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1_link-2","label":"Creative commons licenses","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/creative-commons-licenses"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1_link-3","label":"Funder policies and mandates","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/funder-policies-and-mandates"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1_link-4","label":"Article type definitions","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/article-type-definitions"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1_link-5","label":"Convert your article to Open Access","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/convert-your-article-to-open-access"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-1_subCat-1_link-6","label":"Open access video resources","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-publishing/open-access-video-resources"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2","label":"Open research initiatives","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-0","label":"Research transparency","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Transparency and openness","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/transparency-and-openness"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Open Practice Badges","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/open-practice-badges"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-0_link-2","label":"OA organisations, initiatives & directories","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/oa-organisations-initiatives-and-directories"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Registered Reports","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/registered-reports"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI)","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/annotation-for-transparent-inquiry-ati"}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-1","label":"Journal flips","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-1_link-0","label":"Open access journal flips","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/open-access-journal-flips"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-1_link-1","label":"OA Journal Flip FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/oa-journal-flip-faqs"}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-2","label":"Flip it Open","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-2_link-0","label":"Flip it Open","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/flip-it-open"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-2_subCat-2_link-1","label":"Flip it Open FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-research-initiatives/flip-it-open-faqs"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-3","label":"Open access funding","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/open-access-funding/funding-open-access-publication","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-3_subCat-0","label":"Open access funding","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-3_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Funding open access publication","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-funding/funding-open-access-publication"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-3_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Cambridge Open Equity Initiative","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/open-access-funding/cambridge-open-equity-initiative"}]}]},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4","label":" Cambridge Open Engage","openExternal":null,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/cambridge-open-engage","menuTopics":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0","label":" Cambridge Open Engage","openExternal":null,"url":"","menuLinks":[{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0_link-0","label":"Cambridge Open Engage","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/cambridge-open-engage"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0_link-1","label":"Partner With Us","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/engage-partner-with-us"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0_link-2","label":"Branded Hubs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/engage-branded-hubs"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0_link-3","label":"Event Workspaces","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/engage-event-workspaces"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0_link-4","label":"Partner Resources","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/engage-partner-resources"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0_link-5","label":"APSA Preprints","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/engage-apsa-preprints"},{"id":"menu_item-2_cat-4_subCat-0_link-6","label":"APSA Preprints FAQs","openExternal":false,"url":"/core/services/cambridge-open-engage/engage-apsa-preprints-faqs"}]}]}]}]}}</script> </div> <platform-header id='platform-header-wc' platform='core' env='prod' institution-log-in-url='https://shibboleth.cambridge.org/CJOShibb2/index?app=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fshibboleth%3Fref%3D%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Fradical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought%2F23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD' manage-account-url='/core/login' base-url='/core/services/' class='platform-header-wc' search-phrase='' is-preview='false' hide-search='false' style="display: none" ></platform-header> <script> const platformHeader = $('#platform-header'); const platformHeaderWc = $('#platform-header-wc'); platformHeaderWc.prop('initialData', window.__PLATFORM_HEADER_DATA__); platformHeaderWc.on('initialized', function () { platformHeader.hide(); platformHeaderWc.show(); }); const createForm = function (searchPhrase) { const form = document.createElement('form'); form.style.display = 'none'; form.method = 'GET'; form.action = '/core/search'; const input = document.createElement('input'); input.type = 'hidden'; input.name = 'q'; input.value = searchPhrase; form.appendChild(input); return form; }; platformHeaderWc.on('search', function (e) { const searchPhrase = e?.originalEvent?.detail[0]?.phrase; if (!searchPhrase) { return; } const form = createForm(searchPhrase); document.body.appendChild(form); $('form').submit(); document.body.removeChild(form); }); </script><section class="breadcrumbs-wrapper "> <div class="row"> <ul class="large-2 column backToSearch hide"> <li> <a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">< </span>Back to search results</a> </li> </ul> <script type="text/javascript"> var searchResultKey = 'fromSearch'; var $backToSearch = $('.backToSearch'); var fromSearch = localStorage.getItem(searchResultKey); if (fromSearch) { $backToSearch.find('li a').attr('href', fromSearch); $backToSearch.removeClass('hide'); localStorage.removeItem(searchResultKey); } </script> <ol class="large-8 medium-7 small-8 column breadcrumbs"> <li><a href="/core/">Home</a></li><li><a href="/core/publications/books">Books</a></li><li class="current"><span class="current">Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought</span></li> </ol> </div> </section><div class="flash-message-container" role="alert"> <div class="flash-message"> <script> var AOP = AOP || {}; $( document ).ready(function() { if (AOP.onLoadfocusTriggered !== true) { if($(".alert-box").length) { AOP.enableKeyboardAccess($(".alert-box")); } AOP.onLoadfocusTriggered = true; } }); </script> <div id="ajaxMessages" class="ajaxMessages"></div> </div> </div> <div class="book-wrapper"> <section class="banner small book" > <div class="content"> <div class="center-all-container"> <div class="center-all"> <div class="row"> <div class="medium-8 small-12 column"> <div class="title title-left show-for-print">Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought</div> <h1 data-test-id="book-title" class="title title-left hide-for-print ">Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought</h1> </div> <div class="medium-4 small-12 column"> <form action="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD/listing" method="GET" class="search-form"> <div class="row"> <div class="columns"> <div class="row collapse postfix-radius search-input js-outglow-parent"> <div class="small-10 columns"> <div role="status" aria-live="polite" class="announce-result"> </div> <input type="text" name="q" value="" autocomplete="off" class=" js-outglow prefix-radius mb-0" placeholder="Search in this book " aria-label="" data-sr-label="search term" > <div class="search-full-text "> <input type="hidden" name="fts" id="ftsHeader" value="yes"/> <label> <span class="checkbox-wrapper"> <input type="checkbox" id="ftsCheckbox" value="yes" checked> </span> <span class="label-text">Search within full text</span> </label> <script> $(document).ready(function() { var $fts = $('#ftsHeader'); var sidebarFTSCheckbox = document.getElementById('fts'); var ariaLabelText = 'Search within full text checkbox'; $('#ftsCheckbox').on('change', function(e) { $fts.val(e.target.checked ? 'yes' : 'no'); $(this).attr('aria-label', e.target.checked ? ariaLabelText + ' ' : ' ' + ariaLabelText); // Keep the sidebar FTS option in sync with the header if (sidebarFTSCheckbox) { sidebarFTSCheckbox.checked = !sidebarFTSCheckbox.checked; } }); }); </script> </div> </div> <div class="small-2 columns"> <input type="submit" aria-label="Submit search" value="Submit search" class="button postfix"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="searchWithinIds" value="23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" data-search-param="searchWithinIds" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> <input type="hidden" name="aggs[productTypes][filters]" value="BOOK_PART" data-search-param="productType" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="book-overview"> <div class="split-panel"> <div class="row" data-equalizer="book-overview-section"> <div class="medium-9 column main-column" data-equalizer-watch="book-overview-section" data-equalizer-mq="large-up" id="maincontent"> <div class="image"> <img src="https://assets.cambridge.org/97810093/05600/cover/9781009305600.jpg" alt=""> </div> <ul class="access ul-inline-block"> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought" data-qtip-event="click" >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="row tooltip-row margin-bottom padding-bottom-small"> <div class="column small-12 text-center"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core_title/gb/593987" class="button small radius " data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"BUY","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD"}'>Buy a print copy </a> </div> </div> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div class="details main-details"> <ul> <li class="author"> <div> <a href="/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Tejas Parasher&eventCode=SE-AU" class="more-by-this-author"><span class="author-name">Tejas Parasher</span></a>, <span class="affiliation">University of California, Los Angeles</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="details">  <dl class="spec"> <div class="spec-row"> <dt class="medium-4">Publisher: </dt> <dd class="medium-8"> Cambridge University Press </dd> </div> <div class="spec-row"> <dt class="medium-4">Online publication date: </dt> <dd class="medium-8">July 2023</dd> </div> <div class="spec-row"> <dt class="medium-4">Print publication year: </dt> <dd class="medium-8">2023</dd> </div> <div class="spec-row"> <dt class="medium-4">Online ISBN: </dt> <dd class="medium-8">9781009305563</dd> </div> <div class="spec-row"> <dt class="medium-4">DOI: </dt> <dd class="medium-8"><a href = "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009305563" class = "doi">https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009305563</a></dd> </div> </dl> <dl class="spec"> <div class="spec-row"> <dt class="medium-4">Subjects: </dt> <dd class="medium-8"> <a href="/core/browse-subjects/area-studies">Area Studies</a>, <a href="/core/browse-subjects/politics-and-international-relations/history-of-ideas">History of Ideas</a>, <a href="/core/browse-subjects/history/south-asian-history">South Asian History</a>, <a href="/core/browse-subjects/area-studies/asian-studies">Asian Studies</a>, <a href="/core/browse-subjects/history">History</a>, <a href="/core/browse-subjects/history/history-of-ideas-and-intellectual-history">History of Ideas and Intellectual History</a> </dd> </div> <div class="spec-row"> <dt class="medium-4">Series: </dt> <dd class="medium-8"> <a href="/core/series/ideas-in-context/7E30BA052B5A1F0AF3C67156FEA725BE">Ideas in Context</a> (149) </dd> </div> </dl></div> </div> <div class="small-12 medium-3 narrow-column text-center" data-equalizer-watch="book-overview-section" data-equalizer-mq="large-up"> <div class="actions book-actions book-page book-layout" data-equalizer-watch="book-overview-section" data-equalizer-mq="large-up"> <ul class="button-group"> <li> <div class="digital-purchase ecommerce-cart margin-top"> <div class="add-to-cart"> <div class="margin-bottom"> <span class="heading_07"> 39.99 </span> (USD) </div> <div class="margin-bottom"> <div class="bold-text">Digital access for individuals</div> (PDF download and/or read online) </div> <a href="#" class="button small radius blue" data-kk-action="addToCart" data-sku="2800514014" data-product-id="23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" data-show-error=true> Add to cart </a> </div> <div class="view-cart inBasket"> <div class="bold-text margin-bottom"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <circle cx="9" cy="9" r="9" fill="#333"/> <path stroke="#EBF4FB" stroke-width="3" d="M4.909 8.591L7.636 11.455 13.091 5.727"/> </g> </svg> <span class="added-to-cart">Added to cart</span> </div> <div class="margin-bottom"> <div class="bold-text">Digital access for individuals</div> (PDF download and/or read online) </div> <a href="/core/shopping-cart" class="button small radius blue"> View cart </a> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a href="#" id="exportCitationButton" class="button small radius transparent export-citation-product" data-prod-id="23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" data-offset="20"> Export citation </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core_title/gb/593987" class="button small radius transparent" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"BUY","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD"}'>Buy a print copy </a> </li> <li> </li> </ul> <div class="row book-icons-layout"> <ul class="social white left icons"> <script type="text/javascript"> function closeShareaholicPopup(isMobile) { try { if (isMobile) { document.getElementById("close-icon-share-responsive").focus() } else { document.getElementById("close-icon-share").focus() } const allSocialShareOptionsByClass = document.getElementsByClassName("social-share-options") for (let i = 0; i < allSocialShareOptionsByClass.length; i++) { allSocialShareOptionsByClass[i].style.display = "none" } } catch { console.error("No shareaholic layer available.") } } function setFocusTrap(isMobile) { if (isMobile) { AOP.focusTrap("share-icons-modal-responsive") } else { AOP.focusTrap("share-icons-modal") } } </script> <li class="share-container share-icons-container"> <a href="#" aria-expanded="false" class="icon share" id="close-icon-share" onclick="setFocusTrap()" data-hasqtip="Share" data-use-sr-only="true"> <span class="sr-only">Share</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="37" height="37" viewBox="0 0 37 37"> <path fill="#696969" d="M18.5 36C8.9 36 1 28.1 1 18.5S8.9 1 18.5 1 36 8.9 36 18.5 28.1 36 18.5 36zm0-34C9.4 2 2 9.4 2 18.5S9.4 35 18.5 35 35 27.6 35 18.5 27.6 2 18.5 2z"/> <path fill="#696969" d="M22.5 20.9c-.6 0-1.2.2-1.7.6L15.3 19v-.5-.5l5.5-2.6c.5.4 1.1.6 1.7.6 1.6 0 2.8-1.3 2.8-2.8 0-1.6-1.3-2.8-2.8-2.8-1.6 0-2.8 1.3-2.8 2.8v.5l-5.4 2.6c-.5-.4-1.1-.6-1.7-.6-1.6 0-2.8 1.3-2.8 2.8s1.3 2.8 2.8 2.8c.6 0 1.2-.2 1.7-.6l5.5 2.6v.5c0 1.6 1.3 2.8 2.8 2.8 1.6 0 2.8-1.3 2.8-2.8-.1-1.6-1.4-2.9-2.9-2.9z"/> </svg> </a> <ul class="social-share-options " role="dialog" aria-label="Share options"> <li id="share-icons-modal"> <a href="#" aria-expanded="false" class="close-icon" id="share-close-icon" onclick="closeShareaholicPopup()" data-hasqtip="Close"> <svg focusable="false" viewBox="-1 -1 22 22" color="#000000" width="14" height="14"><path d="M10 8.586L2.929 1.515 1.515 2.929 8.585 10l-7.07 7.071 1.414 1.414L10 11.415l7.071 7.07 1.414-1.414L11.415 10l7.07-7.071-1.414-1.414L10 8.585z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg> </a> <div class="shareaholic-canvas" data-app="share_buttons" data-app-id="33113081"></div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="column page-tabs column-width"> <div class="row"> <div class="tab-title current-mobile hide-for-large-up"> <a href="">Information</a> <div class="blue-square"><a href="#" class="icon arrow" aria-label="toggle visibility of page tabs"></a></div> </div> <div role="tablist" class="tabs" data-tab data-options="deep_linking:true; scroll_to_content:false"> <div role="presentation" class="tab-title "> <a role="tab" class="gtm-tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="information-tab" href="#information" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"IN-BO","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"TINF","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD"}' data-cup-event-disable-on-active="true" >Information</a> </div> <div role="presentation" class="tab-title active"> <a role="tab" class="gtm-tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="contents-tab" href="#contents" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"IN-BO","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"TCON","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD"}' data-cup-event-disable-on-active="true" >Contents</a> </div> <div role="presentation" class="tab-title"> <a role="tab" class="gtm-tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="metrics-tab" href="#metrics" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"IN-BO","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"TMET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD"}' data-cup-event-disable-on-active="true" >Metrics</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tabs-content no-padding"> <div role="tabpanel" class="content" id="information" aria-labelledby="information-tab"> <section class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="panel margin-top-small"> <div class="row"> <div class="medium-12 columns"> <div class="header"> <div class="left title-underline"> <h3>Book description </h3> <div class="border"></div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <p class="paragraph_01">Between the 1910s and the 1970s, an eclectic group of Indian thinkers, constitutional reformers, and political activists articulated a theory of robustly democratic, participatory popular sovereignty. Taking parliamentary government and the modern nation-state to be prone to corruption, these thinkers advocated for ambitious federalist projects of popular government as alternatives to liberal, representative democracy. Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought is the first study of this counter-tradition of democratic politics in South Asia. Examining well-known historical figures such as Dadabhai Naoroji, M. K. Gandhi, and M. N. Roy alongside long-neglected thinkers from the Indian socialist movement, Tejas Parasher illuminates the diversity of political futures imagined at the end of the British Empire in South Asia. This book reframes the history of twentieth-century anti-colonialism in novel terms – as a contest over the nature of modern political representation – and pushes readers to rethink accepted understandings of democracy today.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="medium-12 columns"> <div class="header"> <div class="left title-underline"> <h3>Awards </h3> <div class="border"></div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <p class="paragraph_01">Co-Winner, 2024 First Book Award, American Political Science Association</p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <p class="paragraph_01">Co-winner, 2024 APSA Foundations of Political Theory First Book Award, American Political Science Association</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="content active" id="contents" aria-labelledby="contents-tab"> <section class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="split-panel margin-offset"> <div class="wrapper" data-search-init="true" data-search-result-container=".results-listing"> <input type="hidden" name="searchWithinIds" value="23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" data-search-param="searchWithinIds" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> <input type="hidden" name="productType" value="BOOK_PART" data-search-param="productType" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> <input type="hidden" name="sort" value="mtdMetadata.bookPartMeta._mtdPositionSortable:asc" data-search-param="sort" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> <input type="hidden" name="pageSize" value="30" data-search-param="pageSize" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> <input type="hidden" name="template" value="cambridge-core/book/contents/listings" data-search-param="template" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> <input type="hidden" name="ignoreExclusions" value="true" data-search-param="ignoreExclusions" data-search-maintain-state="false"/> <div class="page-operatives hide-for-medium hide-for-small"> <div class="small-12 large-3 narrow-column"> <ul class="left">  <li class="hide-for-small hide-for-medium"> <button class="button-no-transition transparent-no-border icon toggle close sidebar-toggle" aria-label="Hide content actions"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 37 37" class="is-opened"> <path fill="#696969" d="M22.6 17.3h-8.3c-.8 0-1.4.5-1.4 1.2s.6 1.2 1.4 1.2h8.3c.8 0 1.4-.5 1.4-1.2s-.6-1.2-1.4-1.2z"/> <path fill="#696969" d="M1 18.5C1 8.9 8.9 1 18.5 1S36 8.9 36 18.5 28.1 36 18.5 36 1 28.1 1 18.5zm1 0C2 27.6 9.4 35 18.5 35S35 27.6 35 18.5 27.6 2 18.5 2 2 9.4 2 18.5z"/> </svg> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 37 37" class="is-closed"> <path fill="#696969" d="M22.1 16.8h-2.9v-2.9c0-.8-.5-1.4-1.2-1.4s-1.2.6-1.2 1.4v2.9h-2.9c-.8 0-1.4.5-1.4 1.2s.6 1.2 1.4 1.2h2.9v2.9c0 .8.5 1.4 1.2 1.4s1.2-.6 1.2-1.4v-2.9h2.9c.8 0 1.4-.5 1.4-1.2s-.6-1.2-1.4-1.2z"/> <path fill="#696969" d="M1 18.5C1 8.9 8.9 1 18.5 1S36 8.9 36 18.5 28.1 36 18.5 36 1 28.1 1 18.5zm1 0C2 27.6 9.4 35 18.5 35S35 27.6 35 18.5 27.6 2 18.5 2 2 9.4 2 18.5z"/> </svg> </button> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="small-12 large-9 column main-column"> <ul > <li> <ul id="text-resizer-controls" class="textresizer "> <li> <a href="#" class="standard-text textresizer-active" aria-label="Aa Reduce text">Aa <span class="resize-text">Reduce text</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="#" class="large-text" aria-label="Aa Enlarge text">Aa <span class="resize-text">Enlarge text</span></a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel large-3 small-12 narrow-column book"> <div class="page-operatives free"> <div class="small-7 narrow-column"> <h5 class="header">Refine List</h5> </div> <div class="small-3 right column main-column"> <ul class="right"> <li> <a href="#" class="icon toggle open-drawer sidebar-toggle" aria-label="Show content actions"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 37 37" class="is-opened"> <path fill="#696969" d="M22.6 17.3h-8.3c-.8 0-1.4.5-1.4 1.2s.6 1.2 1.4 1.2h8.3c.8 0 1.4-.5 1.4-1.2s-.6-1.2-1.4-1.2z"/> <path fill="#696969" d="M1 18.5C1 8.9 8.9 1 18.5 1S36 8.9 36 18.5 28.1 36 18.5 36 1 28.1 1 18.5zm1 0C2 27.6 9.4 35 18.5 35S35 27.6 35 18.5 27.6 2 18.5 2 2 9.4 2 18.5z"/> </svg> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 37 37" class="is-closed"> <path fill="#696969" d="M22.1 16.8h-2.9v-2.9c0-.8-.5-1.4-1.2-1.4s-1.2.6-1.2 1.4v2.9h-2.9c-.8 0-1.4.5-1.4 1.2s.6 1.2 1.4 1.2h2.9v2.9c0 .8.5 1.4 1.2 1.4s1.2-.6 1.2-1.4v-2.9h2.9c.8 0 1.4-.5 1.4-1.2s-.6-1.2-1.4-1.2z"/> <path fill="#696969" d="M1 18.5C1 8.9 8.9 1 18.5 1S36 8.9 36 18.5 28.1 36 18.5 36 1 28.1 1 18.5zm1 0C2 27.6 9.4 35 18.5 35S35 27.6 35 18.5 27.6 2 18.5 2 2 9.4 2 18.5z"/> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="actions"> </div> <form id="actionsContainer" action="#" method="GET"> <input type="hidden" name="showJackets" id="showJackets" value="" data-search-param="showJackets" data-search-maintain-state="true"/> <div class="actions hide" data-search-request-handler="classifications"> <div class="filter-title"> <label for="classifications-tagInput">Classifications</label> </div> <div class="columns"> <div class="row"> <div class="row collapse postfix-radius"> <div class="submit-in-field submit-in-field-add clearfix js-outglow-parent"> <div class="small-12 columns"> <input name="classifications-tagInput" id="classifications-tagInput" type="text" value="" placeholder="Add classification" class="js-outglow"> <input type="hidden" name="_csrf" value="VA5pMEvx-fAvYZO6WUKXe5tF2YxouaBSCLAI"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="classifications padding-top-small"> </ul> </div> </form> <div class="panel-actions"> <div class="actions" id="follow"> <div class="header"> <div class="left title-underline" data-test-id="textActionsForSelectedContent"> <h2>Actions for selected content:</h2> <div class="border"></div> </div> </div> <form> <a href="#" class="select-all" aria-label="Select all content in this listing" data-test-id="linkSelectAll">Select all</a> | <a href="#" class="deselect-all" aria-label="Deselect all content in this listing" data-test-id="linkDeselectAll">Deselect all</a> </form> <ul class="button-group"> <li> <a href="#" class="button small radius transparent" id="viewSelectedProductParts" aria-label="View selected items" data-test-id="buttonViewSelectedItems">View selected items</a> </li> <li> <a href="#" data-source="search" class="button small radius transparent send-to-my-bookmarks requires-login" aria-label="Save to my bookmarks - all selected items" data-test-id="buttonSaveToMyBookmarks">Save to my bookmarks</a> </li> <li> <a href="#" class="export-citation-list button small radius transparent" data-no-role="true" aria-label="Export citations for all selected content" data-test-id="buttonSaveExportCitations">Export citations</a> </li> <li class="search-download-action"> <a href="#" class="button small radius transparent" id="downloadSelectedProductParts" data-downloadcontextid="23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" data-renderedfrom="BOOK" aria-label="Download PDF (zip) - all selected items" data-test-id="buttonDownloadPdf"> <span class="icon icn pdf">Download PDF (zip)</span> </a> </li> <li class="search-download-action"> <a href="#" class="sendSelectedItems button small radius transparent" data-service='kindle' data-service-display-name="Kindle" aria-label="Save to Kindle - all selected items" data-test-id="buttonSendToKindle">Save to Kindle</a> </li> <li class="search-download-action"> <a href="#" class="sendSelectedItems button small radius transparent" data-service='dropbox' data-service-display-name="Dropbox" aria-label="Save to Dropbox - all selected items" data-test-id="buttonSendToDropbox">Save to Dropbox</a> </li> <li class="search-download-action"> <a href="#" class="sendSelectedItems button small radius transparent" data-service='googleDrive' data-service-display-name="Google Drive" aria-label="Save to Google Drive - all selected items" data-test-id="buttonSendToGoogleDrive">Save to Google Drive</a> </li> <li> <div id="sendToMultipleModal" class="reveal-modal large" data-reveal role="dialog" aria-labelledby="sendContentModalHeader"> <div class="header"> <h1 class="heading_07" id="sendContentModalHeader">Save content to <span class="placeholder" rel="serviceDisplayName"></span></h1> </div> <div class="panel"> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns-collapse margin-bottom"> <div class="generic"> <p> To save content items to your <span class="placeholder" rel="serviceDisplayName"></span> account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your <span class="placeholder" rel="serviceDisplayName"></span> account. <a href="/core/help">Find out more about saving content to <span class="placeholder" rel="serviceDisplayName"></span></a>. </p> </div> <div class="kindle hide"> <p> To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. <a href="/core/help">Find out more about saving to your Kindle</a>. </p> <p> Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply. </p> <p> Find out more about the <a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html/ref=kinw_myk_wl_ln?ie=UTF8&nodeId=200767340#fees" target="_blank">Kindle Personal Document Service</a>. </p> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="row contentNotAvailablePanel alert-box warning radius margin-bottom"> Please be advised that <span class="placeholder" rel="contentNotAvailableAmount"></span> item(s) you selected are not available. </div> <strong>You are about to save</strong> <ul> <li class="placeholder" rel="items"></li> </ul> </div> <div class="row wrapper no-padding-top"> <div class="small-12 columns"> <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <form id="sendToMultipleForm" action="/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/sendto" method="GET"> <div class="kindle hide"> <fieldset> <legend> <label for="kindleEmailAddress">Your Kindle email address</label> </legend> <div class="row"> <div class="large-6 columns"> <input name="kindleEmailAddress" id="kindleEmailAddress" type="text" value="" required="required"/> <small class="error kindleEmailAddress" style="display:none">Please provide your Kindle email.</small> </div> <div class="large-6 columns"> <label class="dInlineBlock"><input name="kindleEmailDomain" type="radio" checked="checked" value="free.kindle.com" />@free.kindle.com</label> <label class="dInlineBlock"><input name="kindleEmailDomain" type="radio" value="kindle.com" />@kindle.com (<a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html/ref=kinw_myk_wl_ln?ie=UTF8&nodeId=200767340#fees" target="_blank">service fees apply</a>)</label> </div> </div> </fieldset> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <label for="usagePolicyMultipleSend"> <input type="checkbox" name="usagePolicyMultipleSend" id="usagePolicyMultipleSend" value="Usage" required /> By using this service, you agree that you will only keep content for personal use, and will not openly distribute them via Dropbox, Google Drive or other file sharing services </label> <small class="error usagePolicy" style="display:none">Please confirm that you accept the terms of use.</small> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="service" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="documents" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="finalReturn" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="formats" value="pdf" /> <input type="hidden" name="_csrf" value="VA5pMEvx-fAvYZO6WUKXe5tF2YxouaBSCLAI"> </form>  <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"> <button href="#" class="button radius transparent right closeModal">Cancel</button> </div> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"> <button type="submit" onClick="$('#sendToMultipleForm').submit();" class="button blue radius left">Save</button> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close send content"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></a> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $('#sendToMultipleForm').on('submit', validateSendToMultipleForm); function getService () { var _ctx = $('#sendToMultipleModal'); return $('input[name="service"]', _ctx).val(); } function resetValidationSendToMultipleForm () { var _form = $('#sendToMultipleForm'); _form.find('.error.usagePolicy').hide(); _form.find('.error.kindleEmailAddress').hide(); } function validateSendToMultipleUsagePolicy(e) { var _form = $('#sendToMultipleForm'); var usagePolicy = _form.find('input[name="usagePolicyMultipleSend"]'); var errors = false; if (!usagePolicy.is(':checked')) { _form.find('.error.usagePolicy').show(); errors = true; } else { _form.find('.error.usagePolicy').hide(); } return errors; } function validateSendToMultipleKindleEmail(e) { if (getService() !== 'kindle') { return false; } var _form = $('#sendToMultipleForm'); var kindleEmailAddress = _form.find('input[name="kindleEmailAddress"]'); var errors = false; if (!kindleEmailAddress.val().trim()) { _form.find('.error.kindleEmailAddress').show(); kindleEmailAddress.addClass('error'); errors = true; } else { _form.find('.error.kindleEmailAddress').hide(); kindleEmailAddress.removeClass('error'); } return errors; } function validateSendToMultipleForm(e) { var _form = $('#sendToMultipleForm'); var resultPolicy = validateSendToMultipleUsagePolicy(); var resultKindle = validateSendToMultipleKindleEmail(); if (resultPolicy) { $('#usagePolicyMultipleSend', _form).one('change', validateSendToMultipleUsagePolicy); } if (resultKindle) { $('input[name="kindleEmailAddress"]', _form).one('change', validateSendToMultipleKindleEmail); } return !resultPolicy && !resultKindle; } $(document).ready(function () { $(document).on('open.fndtn.reveal', '[data-reveal]', function () { resetValidationSendToMultipleForm(); var _ctx = $('#sendToMultipleModal'); var serviceName = getService(); if (serviceName === 'kindle') { $('.kindle', _ctx).removeClass('hide'); $('.generic', _ctx).addClass('hide'); } else { $('.kindle', _ctx).addClass('hide'); $('.generic', _ctx).removeClass('hide'); } }); }); </script></li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div id="saveSearchModal" class="reveal-modal small" data-reveal> <div class="wrapper large-margin-top-for-small-only"> <form action="/core/services/cambridge-core/search/save" method="POST" data-abide="ajax" class="saveSearch" id="saveSearch"> <input type="hidden" name="_csrf" value="VA5pMEvx-fAvYZO6WUKXe5tF2YxouaBSCLAI" /> <h4 class="title">Save Search</h4> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="panel callout message"> <p>You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".</p> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="small-12 columns"> <label>Search Title: <small>required</small> <input name="searchTitle" id="searchTitle" type="text" autocomplete="off" required="required" maxlength="40" placeholder="Enter a title for your saved search." /> </label> <small class="error">Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.</small> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"><a href="#" onclick="$('#saveSearchModal').foundation('reveal', 'close');return false;" class="right small button radius transparent cancel">Cancel</a></div> <div class="small-6 large-6 columns"><input type="submit" class="left small radius button blue confirm" value="Save"/></div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal">×</a> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel large-9 small-12 column main-column search-results-listing"> <div class="page-operatives inline hide-for-large-up"> <div class="small-12 large-9 column main-column"> <div class="accessible-alert show-for-sr" aria-live="polite"></div> </div> </div> <div class="results-listing"> <div class="reading-width"> <h2 class="show-for-sr">Contents</h2> <div class="category"> <div class="heading_05 print-only margin-bottom-large">Contents</div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 first"> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"BE2F914847D4C4406C9CBF1E9F95D249","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="BE2F914847D4C4406C9CBF1E9F95D249" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="50259" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/BE2F914847D4C4406C9CBF1E9F95D249" class="part-link"> Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought <div class="pages right">pp i-i</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"BE2F914847D4C4406C9CBF1E9F95D249"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought" data-prod-id="BE2F914847D4C4406C9CBF1E9F95D249" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Ideas in Context - Series page</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"9B2C95D2C5FAA16D14F3E944DA1D2274","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="9B2C95D2C5FAA16D14F3E944DA1D2274" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="50259" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/ideas-in-context/9B2C95D2C5FAA16D14F3E944DA1D2274" class="part-link"> Ideas in Context - Series page <div class="pages right">pp ii-ii</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Ideas in Context - Series page" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"9B2C95D2C5FAA16D14F3E944DA1D2274"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Ideas in Context - Series page" data-prod-id="9B2C95D2C5FAA16D14F3E944DA1D2274" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought - Title page</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"1E5750B868F25412BB12323FF0240013","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="1E5750B868F25412BB12323FF0240013" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="50259" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/1E5750B868F25412BB12323FF0240013" class="part-link"> Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought - Title page <div class="pages right">pp iii-iii</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought - Title page" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"1E5750B868F25412BB12323FF0240013"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought - Title page" data-prod-id="1E5750B868F25412BB12323FF0240013" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Copyright page</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"520D77CD7F6294A1CE1B4AA24D4340D6","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="520D77CD7F6294A1CE1B4AA24D4340D6" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="50259" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/copyright-page/520D77CD7F6294A1CE1B4AA24D4340D6" class="part-link"> Copyright page <div class="pages right">pp iv-iv</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Copyright page" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"520D77CD7F6294A1CE1B4AA24D4340D6"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Copyright page" data-prod-id="520D77CD7F6294A1CE1B4AA24D4340D6" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Dedication</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"1BF1B38C7BC9F9A61A356FF55159DDCF","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="1BF1B38C7BC9F9A61A356FF55159DDCF" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="8934" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/dedication/1BF1B38C7BC9F9A61A356FF55159DDCF" class="part-link"> Dedication <div class="pages right">pp v-v</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Dedication" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"1BF1B38C7BC9F9A61A356FF55159DDCF"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Dedication" data-prod-id="1BF1B38C7BC9F9A61A356FF55159DDCF" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Epigraph</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"3910AA81D8F6E08C1CA966902C72E054","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="3910AA81D8F6E08C1CA966902C72E054" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="18821" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/epigraph/3910AA81D8F6E08C1CA966902C72E054" class="part-link"> Epigraph <div class="pages right">pp vi-vi</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Epigraph" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"3910AA81D8F6E08C1CA966902C72E054"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Epigraph" data-prod-id="3910AA81D8F6E08C1CA966902C72E054" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Contents</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"DA4BE3329286A1FE810E1BD981A418ED","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="DA4BE3329286A1FE810E1BD981A418ED" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="17446" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/contents/DA4BE3329286A1FE810E1BD981A418ED" class="part-link"> Contents <div class="pages right">pp vii-vii</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Contents" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"DA4BE3329286A1FE810E1BD981A418ED"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Contents" data-prod-id="DA4BE3329286A1FE810E1BD981A418ED" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Acknowledgments</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"05EF22E63BF3EC06D53FB94C4E173359","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="05EF22E63BF3EC06D53FB94C4E173359" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="27488" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/acknowledgments/05EF22E63BF3EC06D53FB94C4E173359" class="part-link"> Acknowledgments <div class="pages right">pp viii-x</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Acknowledgments" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"05EF22E63BF3EC06D53FB94C4E173359"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Acknowledgments" data-prod-id="05EF22E63BF3EC06D53FB94C4E173359" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select 1 - Popular Sovereignty and the End of Empire</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"7B516D751EBA1D655855E146603EEEC6","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="7B516D751EBA1D655855E146603EEEC6" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="133325" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/popular-sovereignty-and-the-end-of-empire/7B516D751EBA1D655855E146603EEEC6" class="part-link"> 1 - Popular Sovereignty and the End of Empire <div class="pages right">pp 1-30</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for 1 - Popular Sovereignty and the End of Empire" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"7B516D751EBA1D655855E146603EEEC6"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for 1 - Popular Sovereignty and the End of Empire" data-prod-id="7B516D751EBA1D655855E146603EEEC6" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select 2 - “The Genius of the People”</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"E9554D002C6A1619E23312FEFB985743","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="E9554D002C6A1619E23312FEFB985743" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="166076" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/genius-of-the-people/E9554D002C6A1619E23312FEFB985743" class="part-link"> 2 - “The Genius of the People” <div class="pages right">pp 31-59</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li class="sub-title"><a href="#">The 1923 Constitution of Mysore</a></li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for 2 - “The Genius of the People”" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"E9554D002C6A1619E23312FEFB985743"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for 2 - “The Genius of the People”" data-prod-id="E9554D002C6A1619E23312FEFB985743" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select 3 - “A Vast Subterranean Democracy”</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"5ACC188D1E1E6D72ED804F1BA7383AC7","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="5ACC188D1E1E6D72ED804F1BA7383AC7" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="152680" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/vast-subterranean-democracy/5ACC188D1E1E6D72ED804F1BA7383AC7" class="part-link"> 3 - “A Vast Subterranean Democracy” <div class="pages right">pp 60-92</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li class="sub-title"><a href="#">Pluralism in the 1920s</a></li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for 3 - “A Vast Subterranean Democracy”" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"5ACC188D1E1E6D72ED804F1BA7383AC7"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for 3 - “A Vast Subterranean Democracy”" data-prod-id="5ACC188D1E1E6D72ED804F1BA7383AC7" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select 4 - “A Living Union”</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"3ACC591F74275E8B28E762D1CC3DF5C0","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="3ACC591F74275E8B28E762D1CC3DF5C0" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="130330" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/living-union/3ACC591F74275E8B28E762D1CC3DF5C0" class="part-link"> 4 - “A Living Union” <div class="pages right">pp 93-120</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li class="sub-title"><a href="#">The Project of Gandhian Democracy</a></li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for 4 - “A Living Union”" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"3ACC591F74275E8B28E762D1CC3DF5C0"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for 4 - “A Living Union”" data-prod-id="3ACC591F74275E8B28E762D1CC3DF5C0" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select 5 - Representation, Popular Sovereignty, and the Indian Founding</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"4BAC1BD586F7DD02EB19321BA0DCE72C","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="4BAC1BD586F7DD02EB19321BA0DCE72C" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="116668" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/representation-popular-sovereignty-and-the-indian-founding/4BAC1BD586F7DD02EB19321BA0DCE72C" class="part-link"> 5 - Representation, Popular Sovereignty, and the Indian Founding <div class="pages right">pp 121-145</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for 5 - Representation, Popular Sovereignty, and the Indian Founding" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"4BAC1BD586F7DD02EB19321BA0DCE72C"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for 5 - Representation, Popular Sovereignty, and the Indian Founding" data-prod-id="4BAC1BD586F7DD02EB19321BA0DCE72C" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select 6 - “Towards Total Revolution”</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"32205E1B3FA316890A8A1ED7C7EF6F84","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="32205E1B3FA316890A8A1ED7C7EF6F84" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="92287" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/towards-total-revolution/32205E1B3FA316890A8A1ED7C7EF6F84" class="part-link"> 6 - “Towards Total Revolution” <div class="pages right">pp 146-164</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li class="sub-title"><a href="#">The Aftermath of Independence</a></li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for 6 - “Towards Total Revolution”" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"32205E1B3FA316890A8A1ED7C7EF6F84"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for 6 - “Towards Total Revolution”" data-prod-id="32205E1B3FA316890A8A1ED7C7EF6F84" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select 7 - Conclusion</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"A3F12E68E7294C2E9036408D656E01EF","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="A3F12E68E7294C2E9036408D656E01EF" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="45696" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/conclusion/A3F12E68E7294C2E9036408D656E01EF" class="part-link"> 7 - Conclusion <div class="pages right">pp 165-171</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li class="sub-title"><a href="#">The Challenge of Representative Democracy</a></li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for 7 - Conclusion" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"A3F12E68E7294C2E9036408D656E01EF"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for 7 - Conclusion" data-prod-id="A3F12E68E7294C2E9036408D656E01EF" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Bibliography</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"6DA687A8F9A2F6DA1476A772DD913CE8","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="6DA687A8F9A2F6DA1476A772DD913CE8" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="149792" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/bibliography/6DA687A8F9A2F6DA1476A772DD913CE8" class="part-link"> Bibliography <div class="pages right">pp 172-192</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Bibliography" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"6DA687A8F9A2F6DA1476A772DD913CE8"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Bibliography" data-prod-id="6DA687A8F9A2F6DA1476A772DD913CE8" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="representation overview indent-0 "> <div class="checklist-col"> <label> <span class="sr-only">Select Index</span> <input type="checkbox" data-cup-event-payload='{"eventCode":"DL-BP","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","productId":"B93C2C656C1E5D2D75B9E67A0C1883E1","referringURL":"","authenticationMethods":[],"usedIdentities":[],"searchScope":"PRODUCT"}' name="productParts" data-prod-id="B93C2C656C1E5D2D75B9E67A0C1883E1" data-prod-type="BOOK_PART" data-file-size="55778" data-has-pdf="true" /> </label> </div> <ul class="details"> <li class="title"> <h5> <a href="/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/index/B93C2C656C1E5D2D75B9E67A0C1883E1" class="part-link"> Index <div class="pages right">pp 193-204</div> </a> </h5> </li> <li> <ul class="access links "> <li> <ul class="access-modal"> <li class="status get"> <a href="#" class="get hasTooltipCustom-top" aria-label="Get access for Index" data-qtip-event="click" data-cup-event='{"eventCode":"TA-EX","eventContext":"/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD","usedIdentities":[],"authenticationMethods":[],"referringURL":"","eventType":"GET","searchScope":"PRODUCT","productId":"B93C2C656C1E5D2D75B9E67A0C1883E1"}' >Get access</a> <div class="custom-tooltip custom-tooltip--buttons"> <div class="grey-bg"> <div class="row"> <div class="column small-12 text-center tooltip-row">Check if you have access via personal or institutional login</div> </div> <div class="tooltip-row row text-center padding-bottom"> <a href="/core/login?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Log in</a> <a href="/core/register?ref=/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" class="button small radius blue ">Register</a> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#" class="export-citation-component" aria-label="Export citation for Index" data-prod-id="B93C2C656C1E5D2D75B9E67A0C1883E1" data-container="representation">Export citation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="content" id="references" aria-labelledby="references-tab"> <section class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="panel margin-top-small"> <div class="row"> <div class="medium-12 columns html-view"> <div class="print-only print-heading margin-bottom-large">References</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="content" id="metrics" data-product-id="23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD" aria-labelledby="metrics-tab"> <section class="row metrics"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="split-panel opposite-cols"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="panel small-12 column main-column"> <div class="reading-width"> <h2 class="heading_03">Metrics</h2> <div class="divider"></div> <div id="article-metrics-altmetric-container"> <div class="metrics-section row product-section " data-test-title="Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought"> <div class="large-4 medium-4 small-6 columns"> <h3 class="heading_06">Altmetric attention score</h3> <div class="altmetric-embed" data-badge-type='medium-donut' data-badge-details='right' data-isbn="9781009305563" data-link-target="_blank"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="divider"></div> </div> <div id="metricsChartWrapper" data-charts-label-hAxis="Months" data-charts-label-vAxis="Cumulative views"> <div id="metricsFullTextWrapper"> <div class="metrics-section full-text-views "> <h3 class="heading_06 inline-tooltip">Full text views</h3> <span > <a href="#" data-dropdown="full-text-view-info" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="full-text-view-info" class="icon info tooltip-icon info-icon" > <span class="sr-only">Full text views help</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 37 37" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <circle fill="#FFF" stroke="#0072CF" stroke-miterlimit="10" cx="18.5" cy="18.5" r="17.5"/> <path fill="#0072CF" d="M20.4 25.3V15.2h-4.9v2.2h1.1v7.9h-1.1v2.2h6v-2.2h-1.1zm-1.9-11.4c1 0 1.9-1 1.9-2.2 0-1.2-.8-2.2-1.9-2.2s-1.9 1-1.9 2.2c0 1.2.9 2.2 1.9 2.2z"/> </svg> </a> </span> <div id="full-text-view-info" data-dropdown-content role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="f-dropdown content medium" data-remove-focus="true" aria-label="Full text views information"> <div class="close-container"> <a href="#" class="button small transparent-no-border radius tooltip-close-btn" id="tooltip-close-link-full-text-view-info"> <span class="custom-tooltip-button-remove"> <span class="sr-only">Close Full text views help</span> <svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <defs> <path d="M9.986 0C4.479 0 0 4.434 0 9.916c0 5.469 4.465 9.916 9.986 9.916 5.507 0 9.986-4.433 9.986-9.916C19.958 4.434 15.493 0 9.986 0z" id="a-full-text-view-info"/> <mask id="b-full-text-view-info" x="0" y="0" width="19.972" height="19.832" fill="#fff"><use xlink:href="#a-full-text-view-info"/></mask> </defs> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <use stroke="#436FCC" mask="url(#b-full-text-view-info)" stroke-width="2" xlink:href="#a-full-text-view-info"/> <path d="M14.778 13.325a.983.983 0 0 1 0 1.385.982.982 0 0 1-.704.28c-.254 0-.507-.098-.704-.28l-3.352-3.329-3.353 3.329a.973.973 0 0 1-.69.28 1.01 1.01 0 0 1-.69-.28.983.983 0 0 1 0-1.385l3.352-3.328-3.352-3.33a.983.983 0 0 1 0-1.384 1 1 0 0 1 1.395 0l3.352 3.329 3.352-3.329a1 1 0 0 1 1.394 0 .983.983 0 0 1 0 1.385l-3.352 3.329 3.352 3.328z" fill="#436FCC"/> </g> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <p id="info-full-text-view-info" class="text-left">Full text views reflects the number of PDF downloads, PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML full text views for chapters in this book.</p> </div> <div class="summary"> <div>Total number of HTML views: <span id="fullTextViewsHTML">0</span></div> <div>Total number of PDF views: <span id="fullTextViewsPDF">0</span> *</div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="chart"> <div class="loader"> <div> <img src="/core/system/public/img/ajax_loader_gray_256.gif" alt=""><span>Loading metrics...</span> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div id="article-months-chart-fulltext-views"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="metricsAbstractWrapper"> <div class="divider"></div> <div class="metrics-section abstract-views "> <h3 class="heading_06 inline-tooltip">Book summary page views</h3> <span > <a href="#" data-dropdown="abstract-view-info" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="abstract-view-info" class="icon info tooltip-icon info-icon" > <span class="sr-only">Book summary page views help</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 37 37" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <circle fill="#FFF" stroke="#0072CF" stroke-miterlimit="10" cx="18.5" cy="18.5" r="17.5"/> <path fill="#0072CF" d="M20.4 25.3V15.2h-4.9v2.2h1.1v7.9h-1.1v2.2h6v-2.2h-1.1zm-1.9-11.4c1 0 1.9-1 1.9-2.2 0-1.2-.8-2.2-1.9-2.2s-1.9 1-1.9 2.2c0 1.2.9 2.2 1.9 2.2z"/> </svg> </a> </span> <div id="abstract-view-info" data-dropdown-content role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="f-dropdown content medium" data-remove-focus="true" aria-label="Book summary page views information"> <div class="close-container"> <a href="#" class="button small transparent-no-border radius tooltip-close-btn" id="tooltip-close-link-abstract-view-info"> <span class="custom-tooltip-button-remove"> <span class="sr-only">Close Book summary page views help</span> <svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <defs> <path d="M9.986 0C4.479 0 0 4.434 0 9.916c0 5.469 4.465 9.916 9.986 9.916 5.507 0 9.986-4.433 9.986-9.916C19.958 4.434 15.493 0 9.986 0z" id="a-abstract-view-info"/> <mask id="b-abstract-view-info" x="0" y="0" width="19.972" height="19.832" fill="#fff"><use xlink:href="#a-abstract-view-info"/></mask> </defs> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <use stroke="#436FCC" mask="url(#b-abstract-view-info)" stroke-width="2" xlink:href="#a-abstract-view-info"/> <path d="M14.778 13.325a.983.983 0 0 1 0 1.385.982.982 0 0 1-.704.28c-.254 0-.507-.098-.704-.28l-3.352-3.329-3.353 3.329a.973.973 0 0 1-.69.28 1.01 1.01 0 0 1-.69-.28.983.983 0 0 1 0-1.385l3.352-3.328-3.352-3.33a.983.983 0 0 1 0-1.384 1 1 0 0 1 1.395 0l3.352 3.329 3.352-3.329a1 1 0 0 1 1.394 0 .983.983 0 0 1 0 1.385l-3.352 3.329 3.352 3.328z" fill="#436FCC"/> </g> </svg> </span> </a> </div> <p id="info-abstract-view-info" class="text-left">Book summary views reflect the number of visits to the book and chapter landing pages.</p> </div> <div class="summary"> <div> Total views: <span id="abstractViewTotal">0</span> * </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="chart"> <div class="loader"> <div> <img src="/core/system/public/img/ajax_loader_gray_256.gif" alt=""><span>Loading metrics...</span> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div id="article-months-chart-abstract-views"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="metricsSummaryWrapper"> <div id="defaultMetricSummary" class="margin-top"><p>* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.</p></div> </div> </div> <div id="metricsChartEmpty" class="margin-top"> <p>Usage data cannot currently be displayed.</p> <div class="divider"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></div> <div id='platform-footer'> <div class="__shared-elements-html ShEl"><div class="__shared-elements-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/entry.BhGMTrWu.css"> <link rel="prefetch" as="style" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/error-404.B06nACMW.css"> <link rel="prefetch" as="style" href="/aca/shared-elements/_nuxt/error-500.WGRfNq7F.css"> </div><div class="__shared-elements-body"><div id="__sharedElements-idzrk8q"><div class="apl"><footer class="apl-footer apl-theme--core" data-v-20efd383><section class="apl-footer__top" data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-container apl-footer__container-top" data-v-20efd383><a href="/" class="apl-footer__logo-link" data-v-20efd383><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="Cambridge University Press" class="apl-footer__logo-image" data-v-20efd383></a><div class="apl-footer__nav-and-location" data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-footer__nav" data-v-20efd383><nav class="apl-link-block__nav" data-v-7c018d72 data-v-20efd383><h2 class="apl-link-block__heading" data-v-7c018d72>Our Site</h2><ul class="apl-link-block__list-platforms" data-v-7c018d72><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="/core/accessibility" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Cambridge Core accessibility page" data-v-7c018d72><span>Accessibility</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="/core/help/FAQs" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Cambridge Core contact & help page" data-v-7c018d72><span>Contact & Help</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="/core/legal-notices/terms" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Cambridge Core legal notices page" data-v-7c018d72><span>Legal Notices</span></a></li></ul></nav><nav class="apl-link-block__nav" data-v-7c018d72 data-v-20efd383><h2 class="apl-link-block__heading" data-v-7c018d72>Our Platforms</h2><ul class="apl-link-block__list-platforms" data-v-7c018d72><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Cambridge Core. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Cambridge Core</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/engage/coe/public-dashboard" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Cambridge Open Engage. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Cambridge Open Engage</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/highereducation/" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Cambridge Higher Education. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Cambridge Higher Education</span></a></li></ul></nav><nav class="apl-link-block__nav" data-v-7c018d72 data-v-20efd383><h2 class="apl-link-block__heading" data-v-7c018d72>Our Products</h2><ul class="apl-link-block__list-platforms" data-v-7c018d72><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/publications/journals" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Journals. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Journals</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/search?aggs%5BproductTypes%5D%5Bfilters%5D=BOOK" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Books. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Books</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/publications/elements" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Elements. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Elements</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/highereducation/search?aggs=%24productTypes%24BOOK%3Atrue%3B%3B" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Textbooks. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Textbooks</span></a></li><li class="apl-link-block__list-item" data-v-7c018d72><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/highereducation/search?aggs=%24productTypes%24COURSEWARE%3Atrue%3B%3B" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-link-block__btn-link" aria-label="Courseware. Opens in a new window." data-v-7c018d72><span>Courseware</span></a></li></ul></nav></div><div class="apl-footer__socials-and-location" data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-footer__socials" data-v-20efd383><h2 class="apl-footer__heading" data-v-20efd383>Join us online</h2><ul class="apl-footer__list-socials" data-v-20efd383><li class="apl-footer__list-item" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTK8KRW19hUVucVRHbIx73oLKUro8HXt0" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--sm apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__list-item-link" aria-label="Visit Cambridge University Press Youtube account. Opens in a new tab." data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--youtube" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-20efd383></div></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://twitter.com/CambridgeCore" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--sm apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__list-item-link" aria-label="Visit Cambridge University Press X account. Opens in a new tab." data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--x" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-20efd383></div></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.facebook.com/CambridgeCore" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--sm apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__list-item-link" aria-label="Visit Cambridge University Press Facebook account. Opens in a new tab." data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--facebook" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-20efd383></div></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.instagram.com/cambridgeuniversitypress/" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--sm apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__list-item-link" aria-label="Visit Cambridge University Press Instagram account. Opens in a new tab." data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--instagram" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-20efd383></div></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/11096649" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--sm apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__list-item-link" aria-label="Visit Cambridge University Press Linkedin account. Opens in a new tab." data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--linkedin" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-20efd383></div></a></li></ul></div><div class="apl-footer__location apl-footer__location--desktop" data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-dropdown" data-v-6114426c data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-location" data-v-ae305bb6 data-v-6114426c><div class="apl-location__main" data-v-ae305bb6><div class="apl-location__location-picker" data-v-ae305bb6><label class="apl-location__label" for="footer-location-picker" aria-label="Select your location" data-v-ae305bb6>Location</label><div class="apl-location__input-wrapper" data-v-ae305bb6><input id="footer-location-picker" type="text" role="combobox" aria-expanded="false" placeholder="Choose your location" class="apl-location__input" value="GBR" data-v-ae305bb6><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--globe-web apl-location__globe" style="color:;" aria-hidden="true" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-ae305bb6></div><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--sm apl-button--icon-only apl-location__chevron-btn" aria-label="open location list" data-v-ae305bb6><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--chevron-down apl-button__icon--center" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button><div class="apl-location__error" data-v-ae305bb6><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--error apl-location__error-icon" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-ae305bb6></div><p class="apl-location__error-message" data-v-ae305bb6> Please choose a valid location. </p></div></div></div><button tabindex="0" type="submit" class="apl-button apl-button--secondary apl-button--sm apl-location__button" aria-label="Submit to update location preference" data-v-ae305bb6><span>Update</span></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="apl-footer__bottom" data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-container apl-footer__container-bottom" data-v-20efd383><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-footer__btn-collapse" aria-label="Click to open legal information links list" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="apl-footer__legal-links" data-v-20efd383><span>Legal Information</span><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--chevron-down apl-button__icon--right" style="color:;" tabindex="-1" data-v-27c0a44c></div></button><ul class="apl-footer__list-legal" id="apl-footer__legal-links" data-v-20efd383><li class="apl-footer__list-item apl-footer__list-item-legal" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/rights-permissions/" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__btn-link apl-footer__btn-link-legal" aria-label="Rights and Permissions. Opens in a new window." data-v-20efd383><span>Rights & Permissions</span></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item apl-footer__list-item-legal" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/legal-notices/copyright/" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__btn-link apl-footer__btn-link-legal" aria-label="Copyright. Opens in a new window." data-v-20efd383><span>Copyright</span></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item apl-footer__list-item-legal" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/legal-notices/privacy-policy/" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__btn-link apl-footer__btn-link-legal" aria-label="Privacy Notice. Opens in a new window." data-v-20efd383><span>Privacy Notice</span></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item apl-footer__list-item-legal" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/legal-notices/terms-use" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__btn-link apl-footer__btn-link-legal" aria-label="Terms of Use. Opens in a new window." data-v-20efd383><span>Terms of Use</span></a></li><li class="apl-footer__list-item apl-footer__list-item-legal" data-v-20efd383><a tabindex="0" href="https://www.cambridge.org/about-us/legal-notices/cookies-policy/" target="_blank" class="apl-button apl-button--primary apl-button--lg apl-button--text apl-button--link apl-footer__btn-link apl-footer__btn-link-legal" aria-label="Cookies Policy. Opens in a new window." data-v-20efd383><span>Cookies Policy</span></a></li></ul><div class="apl-footer__copyright" data-v-20efd383><div class="apl-icon apl-icon--copyright" style="color:;" data-v-27c0a44c data-v-20efd383></div><span data-v-20efd383> Cambridge University Press 2024</span></div></div></section></footer></div></div> </div></div><script>window.__PLATFORM_FOOTER_DATA__ = {"data":{"entry":{"slug":"global-config","platformLinks":[{"name":"navigationBarCategory","value":{"title":"Browse","navigationBarArea":[{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Subjects","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Subjects","url":"/core/browse-subjects","ariaLabel":"Subjects"}},"column1Heading":" Subjects (A-D)","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Anthropology","url":"/core/browse-subjects/anthropology","ariaLabel":"Anthropology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Archaeology","url":"/core/browse-subjects/archaeology","ariaLabel":"Archaeology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Area Studies","url":"/core/browse-subjects/area-studies","ariaLabel":"Area Studies"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Art","url":"/core/browse-subjects/art","ariaLabel":"Art"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Chemistry","url":"/core/browse-subjects/chemistry","ariaLabel":"Chemistry"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Classical Studies","url":"/core/browse-subjects/classical-studies","ariaLabel":"Classical Studies"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Computer Science","url":"/core/browse-subjects/computer-science","ariaLabel":"Computer Science"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Drama, Theatre, Performance Studies","url":"/core/browse-subjects/drama-and-theatre","ariaLabel":"Drama, Theatre, Performance Studies"}}],"column2Heading":" Subjects (E-K)","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Earth and Environmental Science","url":"/core/browse-subjects/earth-and-environmental-sciences","ariaLabel":"Earth and Environmental Science"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Economics","url":"/core/browse-subjects/economics","ariaLabel":"Economics"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Education","url":"/core/browse-subjects/education","ariaLabel":"Education"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Engineering","url":"/core/browse-subjects/engineering","ariaLabel":"Engineering"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"English Language Teaching – Resources for Teachers","url":"/core/browse-subjects/english-language-teaching-resources-for-teachers","ariaLabel":"English Language Teaching – Resources for Teachers"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Film, Media, Mass Communication","url":"/core/browse-subjects/film-media-mass-ommunication","ariaLabel":"Film, Media, Mass Communication"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"General Science","url":"/core/browse-subjects/general-science","ariaLabel":"General Science"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Geography","url":"/core/browse-subjects/geography","ariaLabel":"Geography"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"History","url":"/core/browse-subjects/history","ariaLabel":"History"}}],"column3Heading":" Subjects (L-O)","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Language and Linguistics","url":"/core/browse-subjects/language-and-linguistics","ariaLabel":"Language and Linguistics"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Law","url":"/core/browse-subjects/law","ariaLabel":"Law"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Life Sciences","url":"/core/browse-subjects/life-sciences","ariaLabel":"Life Sciences"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Literature","url":"/core/browse-subjects/literature","ariaLabel":"Literature"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Management","url":"/core/browse-subjects/management","ariaLabel":"Management"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Materials Science","url":"/core/browse-subjects/materials-science","ariaLabel":"Materials Science"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Mathematics","url":"/core/browse-subjects/mathematics","ariaLabel":"Mathematics"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Medicine","url":"/core/browse-subjects/medicine","ariaLabel":"Medicine"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Music","url":"/core/browse-subjects/music","ariaLabel":"Music"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Nutrition","url":"/core/browse-subjects/nutrition","ariaLabel":"Nutrition"}}],"column4Heading":" Subjects (P-Z)","column4StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Philosophy","url":"/core/browse-subjects/philosophy","ariaLabel":"Philosophy"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Physics and Astronomy","url":"/core/browse-subjects/physics","ariaLabel":"Physics and Astronomy"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Politics and International Relations","url":"/core/browse-subjects/politics-and-international-relations","ariaLabel":"Politics and International Relations"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Psychiatry","url":"/core/browse-subjects/psychiatry","ariaLabel":"Psychiatry"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Psychology","url":"/core/browse-subjects/psychology","ariaLabel":"Psychology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Religion","url":"/core/browse-subjects/religion","ariaLabel":"Religion"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Social Science Research Methods","url":"/core/browse-subjects/social-science-research-methods","ariaLabel":"Social Science Research Methods"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Sociology","url":"/core/browse-subjects/sociology","ariaLabel":"Sociology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Statistics and Probability","url":"/core/browse-subjects/statistics-and-probability","ariaLabel":"Statistics and Probability"}}],"slug":"subjects"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Open access","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access","url":"/core/publications/open-access","ariaLabel":"Open access"}},"column1Heading":"All open access publishing","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access","url":"/core/publications/open-access","ariaLabel":"Open access"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access journals","url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc","ariaLabel":"Open access journals"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Research open journals","url":"/core/publications/open-access/research-open?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc","ariaLabel":"Research open journals"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Journals containing open access","url":"/core/publications/open-access/hybrid-open-access-journals?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc","ariaLabel":"Journals containing open access"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access articles","url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL_ARTICLE","ariaLabel":"Open access articles"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access books","url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=BOOK&sort=canonical.date:desc","ariaLabel":"Open access books"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access Elements","url":"/core/publications/elements/published-elements?aggs%5BopenAccess%5D%5Bfilters%5D=7275BA1E84CA769210167A6A66523B47&aggs%5BproductTypes%5D%5Bfilters%5D=ELEMENT&searchWithinIds=ECFD8F5C64F47F3F5A3D395C15B7C493","ariaLabel":"Open access Elements"}}],"slug":"open-access"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Journals","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Journals","url":"/core/publications/journals","ariaLabel":"Journals"}},"column1Heading":"Explore","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"All journal subjects","url":"/core/publications/journals","ariaLabel":"All journal subjects"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Search journals","url":"/core/publications/journals","ariaLabel":"Search journals"}}],"column2Heading":"Open access","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access journals","url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc","ariaLabel":"Open access journals"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Research open journals","url":"/core/publications/open-access/research-open?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc","ariaLabel":"Research open journals"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Journals containing open access","url":"/core/publications/open-access/hybrid-open-access-journals?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL&statuses=PUBLISHED&sort=titleSort:asc","ariaLabel":"Journals containing open access"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access articles","url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=JOURNAL_ARTICLE","ariaLabel":"Open access articles"}}],"column3Heading":"Collections","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Forum","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-forum","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Forum"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Law Reports Collection","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-law-reports-collection","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Law Reports Collection"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Prisms","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-prisms","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Prisms"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Research Directions","url":"/core/publications/collections/research-directions","ariaLabel":"Research Directions"}}],"slug":"journals"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Books","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Books","url":"/core/publications/books","ariaLabel":"Books"}},"column1Heading":"Explore","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Books","url":"/core/publications/books","ariaLabel":"Books"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access books","url":"/core/publications/open-access/listing?aggs[productTypes][filters]=BOOK&sort=canonical.date:desc","ariaLabel":"Open access books"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"New books","url":"/core/publications/books/listing?aggs[productDate][filters]=Last+3+months&aggs[productTypes][filters]=BOOK&sort=canonical.date:desc","ariaLabel":"New books"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Flip it Open","url":"/core/publications/collections/flip-it-open","ariaLabel":"Flip it Open"}}],"column2Heading":"Collections","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Companions","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-companions","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Companions"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Editions","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-editions","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Editions"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Histories","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-histories","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Histories"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Library Collection","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-library-collection","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Library Collection"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Shakespeare","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-shakespeare","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Shakespeare"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Handbooks","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridgehandbooks","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Handbooks"}}],"column3Heading":" Collections (cont.)","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Dispute Settlement Reports Online","url":"/core/publications/collections/dispute-settlement-reports-online","ariaLabel":"Dispute Settlement Reports Online"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Flip it Open","url":"/core/publications/collections/flip-it-open","ariaLabel":"Flip it Open"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Hemingway Letters","url":"/core/publications/collections/hemingway-letters","ariaLabel":"Hemingway Letters"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Shakespeare Survey","url":"/core/publications/collections/shakespeare-survey","ariaLabel":"Shakespeare Survey"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Stahl Online","url":"/core/publications/collections/stahl-online","ariaLabel":"Stahl Online"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"The Correspondence of Isaac Newton","url":"/core/publications/collections/the-correspondence-of-isaac-newton","ariaLabel":"The Correspondence of Isaac Newton"}}],"slug":"books"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Elements","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Elements","url":"/core/publications/elements","ariaLabel":"Elements"}},"column1Heading":"Explore","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"About Elements","url":"/core/publications/elements","ariaLabel":"About Elements"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Elements series","url":"/core/publications/elements/cambridge-elements-series","ariaLabel":"Elements series"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Open access Elements","url":"/core/publications/elements/published-elements?aggs%5BopenAccess%5D%5Bfilters%5D=7275BA1E84CA769210167A6A66523B47&aggs%5BproductTypes%5D%5Bfilters%5D=ELEMENT&searchWithinIds=ECFD8F5C64F47F3F5A3D395C15B7C493","ariaLabel":"Open access Elements"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"New Elements","url":"/core/publications/elements/published-elements?aggs%5BproductTypes%5D%5Bfilters%5D=ELEMENT&aggs%5BproductDate%5D%5Bfilters%5D=Last%203%20months&searchWithinIds=ECFD8F5C64F47F3F5A3D395C15B7C493","ariaLabel":"New Elements"}}],"column2Heading":"Subjects (A-E)","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Anthropology","url":"/core/elements/subject/Anthropology/2E44A5AF2838E017617A26DD79FAEAEE","ariaLabel":"Anthropology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Archaeology","url":"/core/elements/subject/Archaeology/63A50B5368A9F97F8AA2D6AB965B5F4C","ariaLabel":"Archaeology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Classical Studies","url":"/core/elements/subject/Classical%20Studies/DDC63B7F5792FE2A95D1FB15F76E3F42","ariaLabel":"Classical Studies"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Computer Science","url":"/core/elements/subject/Computer%20Science/A57E10708F64FB69CE78C81A5C2A6555","ariaLabel":"Computer Science"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Drama, Theatre, Performance Studies","url":"/core/elements/subject/Drama,%20Theatre,%20Performance%20Studies/2825E4E39F2D641B36543EE80FB1DEA3","ariaLabel":"Drama, Theatre, Performance Studies"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Earth and Environmental Sciences","url":"/core/elements/subject/Earth%20and%20Environmental%20Sciences/F470FBF5683D93478C7CAE5A30EF9AE8","ariaLabel":"Earth and Environmental Sciences"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Economics","url":"/core/elements/subject/Economics/FA44491F1F55F917C43E9832715B9DE7","ariaLabel":"Economics"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Education","url":"/core/elements/subject/Education/550D00F8DF590F2598CF7CC0038E24D1","ariaLabel":"Education"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Engineering","url":"/core/elements/subject/Engineering/CCC62FE56DCC1D050CA1340C1CCF46F5","ariaLabel":"Engineering"}}],"column3Heading":" Subjects (F-O)","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Film, Media, Mass Communication","url":"/core/elements/subject/Film,%20Media,%20Mass%20Communication/4B91F10E834814A90CE718E7831E492F","ariaLabel":"Film, Media, Mass Communication"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"History","url":"/core/elements/subject/History/66BE42A30172E280FDE64F8EE2F485B0","ariaLabel":"History"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Language and Linguistics","url":"/core/elements/subject/Language%20and%20Linguistics/140D314098408C26BDF3009F7FF858E9","ariaLabel":"Language and Linguistics"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Law","url":"/core/elements/subject/Law/7C9FB6788DD8D7E6696263BC774F4D5B","ariaLabel":"Law"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Life Sciences","url":"/core/elements/subject/Life%20Sciences/E044EF2F61B601378786E9EDA901B2D5","ariaLabel":"Life Sciences"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Literature","url":"/core/elements/subject/Literature/F2434ADC122145767C6C3B988A8E9BD5","ariaLabel":"Literature"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Management","url":"/core/elements/subject/Management/0EDCC0540639B06A5669BDEEF50C4CBE","ariaLabel":"Management"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Mathematics","url":"/core/elements/subject/Mathematics/FA1467C44B5BD46BB8AA6E58C2252153","ariaLabel":"Mathematics"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Medicine","url":"/core/elements/subject/Medicine/66FF02B2A4F83D9A645001545197F287","ariaLabel":"Medicine"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Music","url":"/core/elements/subject/Music/A370B5604591CB3C7F9AFD892DDF7BD1","ariaLabel":"Music"}}],"column4Heading":" Subjects (P-Z)","column4StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Philosophy","url":"/core/elements/subject/Philosophy/2D1AC3C0E174F1F1A93F8C7DE19E0FAB","ariaLabel":"Philosophy"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Physics and Astronomy","url":"/core/elements/subject/Physics%20and%20Astronomy/DBFB610E9FC5E012C011430C0573CC06","ariaLabel":"Physics and Astronomy"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Politics and International Relations","url":"/core/elements/subject/Politics%20and%20International%20Relations/3BF83347E5E456DAC34F3FABFC8BBF4E","ariaLabel":"Politics and International Relations"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Psychology","url":"/core/elements/subject/Psychology/21B42A72BA3E4CB0E3315E5B1B71B07F","ariaLabel":"Psychology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Religion","url":"/core/elements/subject/Religion/53E51D24FB488962B9364A2C4B45D1C3","ariaLabel":"Religion"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Sociology","url":"/core/elements/subject/Sociology/0E2CD53A93003DF17E52D753F6E90683","ariaLabel":"Sociology"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Statistics and Probability","url":"/core/elements/subject/Statistics%20and%20Probability/3150B8B0D1B0B4E8DC17EC9EDFD9CA26","ariaLabel":"Statistics and Probability"}}],"slug":"elements"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Textbooks","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Textbooks","url":"/core/publications/textbooks","ariaLabel":"Textbooks"}},"column1Heading":"Explore","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Higher Education","url":"/highereducation/","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Higher Education"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Title list","url":"/highereducation/services/librarians/title-list","ariaLabel":"Title list"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"New titles","url":"/highereducation/search?sortBy=publication_date&aggs=%24productDate%24Last%25206%2520months%3Atrue%26Last%252012%2520months%3Atrue%26Last%25203%2520years%3Atrue%26Over%25203%2520years%3Atrue%3B%3B&event=SE-AU_PREF","ariaLabel":"New titles"}}],"slug":"textbooks"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Collections","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Collections","url":"/core/publications/collections","ariaLabel":"Collections"}},"column1Heading":"Book collections","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Companions","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-companions","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Companions"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Editions","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-editions","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Editions"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Histories","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-histories","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Histories"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Library Collection","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-library-collection","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Library Collection"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Shakespeare","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-shakespeare","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Shakespeare"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Handbooks","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridgehandbooks","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Handbooks"}}],"column2Heading":" Book collections (cont.)","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Dispute Settlement Reports Online","url":"/core/publications/collections/dispute-settlement-reports-online","ariaLabel":"Dispute Settlement Reports Online"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Flip it Open","url":"/core/publications/collections/flip-it-open","ariaLabel":"Flip it Open"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Hemingway Letters","url":"/core/publications/collections/hemingway-letters","ariaLabel":"Hemingway Letters"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Shakespeare Survey","url":"/core/publications/collections/shakespeare-survey","ariaLabel":"Shakespeare Survey"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Stahl Online","url":"/core/publications/collections/stahl-online","ariaLabel":"Stahl Online"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"The Correspondence of Isaac Newton","url":"/core/publications/collections/the-correspondence-of-isaac-newton","ariaLabel":"The Correspondence of Isaac Newton"}}],"column3Heading":"Journal collections","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Forum","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-forum","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Forum"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Law Reports Collection","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-law-reports-collection","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Law Reports Collection"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Prisms","url":"/core/publications/collections/cambridge-prisms","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Prisms"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Research Directions","url":"/core/publications/collections/research-directions","ariaLabel":"Research Directions"}}],"column4Heading":"Series","column4StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"All series","url":"/core/publications/collections/series","ariaLabel":"All series"}}],"slug":"collections"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Partners","hubPage":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Publishing partners","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners","ariaLabel":"Publishing partners"}},"column1Heading":"Partners","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Agenda Publishing","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/agenda-publishing","ariaLabel":"Agenda Publishing"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Amsterdam University Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/amsterdam-university-press","ariaLabel":"Amsterdam University Press"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Anthem Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/anthem-press","ariaLabel":"Anthem Press"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Boydell & Brewer","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/boydell-brewer","ariaLabel":"Boydell & Brewer"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Bristol University Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/bristol-university-press","ariaLabel":"Bristol University Press"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Edinburgh University Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/edinburgh-university-press","ariaLabel":"Edinburgh University Press"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/emirates-center","ariaLabel":"Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Facet Publishing","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/facet-publishing","ariaLabel":"Facet Publishing"}}],"column2Heading":" Partners (cont.)","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Foundation Books","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/foundation-books","ariaLabel":"Foundation Books"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Intersentia","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/intersentia","ariaLabel":"Intersentia"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/iseas","ariaLabel":"ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Jagiellonian University Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/jagiellonian-university-press","ariaLabel":"Jagiellonian University Press"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Royal Economic Society","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/royal-economic-society","ariaLabel":"Royal Economic Society"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Unisa Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/unisa-press","ariaLabel":"Unisa Press"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"The University of Adelaide Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/university-adelaide-press","ariaLabel":"The University of Adelaide Press"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Wits University Press","url":"/core/publications/publishing-partners/wits-university-press","ariaLabel":"Wits University Press"}}],"slug":"partners"}}]}},{"name":"navigationBarCategory","value":{"title":"Services","navigationBarArea":[{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"About","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"About","pageBlurb":"Cambridge Core is the home of academic content from Cambridge University Press. Built with our users in mind our online platform has been designed to help readers and researchers to make fast and easy journeys to a vast range of valuable content. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"about","introTitle":"About","introText":"Cambridge Core is the home of academic content from Cambridge University Press. Built with our users in mind our online platform has been designed to help readers and researchers to make fast and easy journeys to a vast range of valuable content.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},"column1Heading":"About Cambridge Core","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"About","pageBlurb":"Cambridge Core is the home of academic content from Cambridge University Press. Built with our users in mind our online platform has been designed to help readers and researchers to make fast and easy journeys to a vast range of valuable content. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"about","introTitle":"About","introText":"Cambridge Core is the home of academic content from Cambridge University Press. Built with our users in mind our online platform has been designed to help readers and researchers to make fast and easy journeys to a vast range of valuable content.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Accessibility","pageBlurb":"We want everyone who visits Cambridge Core to feel welcome and find the experience rewarding.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"accessibility","introTitle":"Accessibility","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"CrossMark policy","pageBlurb":"By applying the CrossMark logo, Cambridge University Press is committing to maintaining the content it publishes and to alerting readers to changes if and when they occur. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"crossmark-policy","introTitle":"CrossMark policy","introText":"CrossMark is a multi-publisher initiative to provide a standard way for readers to locate the current version of a piece of content. By applying the CrossMark logo, Cambridge University Press is committing to maintaining the content it publishes and to alerting readers to changes if and when they occur. Clicking on the CrossMark logo will tell you the current status of a document and may also give you additional publication record information about the document.","areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Ethical Standards","pageBlurb":"As a leading publisher of scholarly journals and books, Cambridge University Press is committed to meeting high standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"ethical-standards","introTitle":"Ethical Standards","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}}],"column2Heading":"Environment and sustainability","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Environment and sustainability","pageBlurb":"At Cambridge, we publish research and share knowledge that informs, educates, and inspires others to drive positive environmental change.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"environment-and-sustainability","introTitle":"Environment and sustainability","introText":"At Cambridge, we publish research and share knowledge that informs, educates, and inspires others to drive positive environmental change.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Reducing print","pageBlurb":"As a department of the University of Cambridge, we are committed to reducing our carbon footprint. A significant reduction to the print component of our journals publishing activity will be a key element of realising this commitment. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"reducing-print","introTitle":"Reducing print","introText":"As a department of the University of Cambridge, we are committed to reducing our carbon footprint. A significant reduction to the print component of our journals publishing activity will be a key element of realising this commitment. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journals moving to online only","pageBlurb":"As we work to reduce print in our journal publishing, more of our journals are moving to online only.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"journals-moving-to-online-only","introTitle":"Journals moving to online only","introText":"As we work to reduce print in our journal publishing, more of our journals are moving to online only.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}}],"column3Heading":"Guides","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"User guides","pageBlurb":"Below you will find a range of video user guides to help you navigate and use accounts on Cambridge Core.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"user-guides","introTitle":"User guides","introText":"Below you will find a range of video user guides to help you navigate and use accounts on Cambridge Core.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"User Guides and Videos","pageBlurb":"The content in the page offers video guidance to help you make full use of the features available on Cambridge Core.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"user-guides-and-videos","introTitle":"User Guides and Videos","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Support Videos","pageBlurb":"For helpful content to support your Transformative Agreement for librarians and administrators, check out our LIVE WORKSHOP recording and slide deck below.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"support-videos","introTitle":"Support Videos","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Training","pageBlurb":"Welcome to Training Services for Cambridge Core. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"training","introTitle":"Training","introText":"Welcome to Training Services for Cambridge Core! ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["about"]}}],"column4Heading":"Help","column4StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Cambridge Core help","url":"https://corehelp.cambridge.org/","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Core help pages"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Contact us","url":"https://corehelp.cambridge.org/hc/en-gb/p/contact-information","ariaLabel":"This will take you to a contact form for technical support","pageBlurb":"Visit our knowledge bases and contact our Technical Support team for direct help and support with any technical issues or questions you may have","thumbnailImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}}}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Technical support","url":"https://corehelp.cambridge.org/hc/en-gb/requests/new","ariaLabel":"Technical support diagnostics report"}}],"slug":"about"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Agents","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Services for agents","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press is pleased to work with subscription agents in every country, whether those agents are multinational or specialised local companies.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"services-for-agents","introTitle":"Services for agents","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["agents"]}},"column1Heading":"Services for agents","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Services for agents","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press is pleased to work with subscription agents in every country, whether those agents are multinational or specialised local companies.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"services-for-agents","introTitle":"Services for agents","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["agents"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journals for agents","pageBlurb":"Cambridge is pleased to work with subscription agents in every country, whether those agents are multinational or specialised local companies. We now offer full content access to all Cambridge journals on Cambridge Core, including back issues.","linkImage":{"title":"GettyImages-2148427272","description":"A row of books on a metal, library style, bookshelf. the books are view from the rear and a hand is reaching and picking a book.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1BYMYdALXI4YZz9sJKegO1/0c50d6ede207418c796a9b5691b5c20a/GettyImages-2148427272.jpg","details":{"size":185617,"image":{"width":1536,"height":1024}},"fileName":"GettyImages-2148427272.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A row of books on a metal, library style, bookshelf. the books are view from the rear and a hand is reaching and picking a book.","slug":"journals-for-agents","introTitle":"Journals for agents","introText":"Cambridge is pleased to work with subscription agents in every country, whether those agents are multinational or specialised local companies. We now offer full content access to all Cambridge journals on Cambridge Core, including access to back issues.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["agents"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Books for agents","pageBlurb":"There are a number of different ebook purchasing options available on Cambridge Core to suit all your needs.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"books-for-agents","introTitle":"Books for agents","introText":"There are a number of different ebook purchasing options available on Cambridge Core to suit all your needs.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["agents"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Price list","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press 2025 price lists for journals, books and Elements. For subscription agents and academic institutions.","linkImage":{"title":"GettyImages-2148427272","description":"A row of books on a metal, library style, bookshelf. the books are view from the rear and a hand is reaching and picking a book.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1BYMYdALXI4YZz9sJKegO1/0c50d6ede207418c796a9b5691b5c20a/GettyImages-2148427272.jpg","details":{"size":185617,"image":{"width":1536,"height":1024}},"fileName":"GettyImages-2148427272.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A row of books on a metal, library style, bookshelf. the books are view from the rear and a hand is reaching and picking a book.","slug":"price-list","introTitle":"Price list","introText":"Cambridge University Press 2025 price lists for journals, books and Elements. For subscription agents and academic institutions.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians","agents"]}}],"slug":"agents"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Authors","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Authors","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press works closely with the global academic community to deliver the highest quality, peer-reviewed content, as well as a portfolio of innovative tools and services to advance learning and research.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"authors","introTitle":"Authors","introText":"Cambridge University Press works closely with the global academic community to deliver the highest quality, peer-reviewed content, as well as a portfolio of innovative tools and services to advance learning and research.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":[]}},"column1Heading":"Journals","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journals","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press is proud to publish many of the world's leading journals across a wide range of subject areas in the humanities, social sciences and STM fields. We currently publish more than 400 peer-reviewed academic journals.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"journals","introTitle":"Journals","introText":"Cambridge University Press is proud to publish many of the world's leading journals across a wide range of subject areas in the humanities, social sciences and STM fields. We currently publish more than 400 peer-reviewed academic journals.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journal publishing statistics","pageBlurb":"During 2022 we are updating our journal home pages to provide new statistics on each journal's publishing activity. On this page we provide some information about how these statistics are calculated.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"journal-publishing-statistics","introTitle":"Journal publishing statistics","introText":"During 2022 we are updating our journal home pages to provide new statistics on each journal's publishing activity. On this page we provide some information about how these statistics are calculated.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Corresponding author","pageBlurb":"The Corresponding Author is the person who handles the manuscript and correspondence during the publication process, including approving the article proofs.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"corresponding-author","introTitle":"Corresponding author","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Seeking permission to use copyrighted material","pageBlurb":"If your article contains any material in which you do not own copyright, including figures, charts, tables, photographs or excerpts of text, you must obtain permission from the copyright holder to reuse that material.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"seeking-permission-to-use-copyrighted-material","introTitle":"Seeking permission to use copyrighted material","introText":"If your article contains any material in which you do not own copyright, including figures, charts, tables, photographs or excerpts of text, you must obtain permission from the copyright holder to reuse that material. As the author it is your responsibility to obtain this permission and pay any related fees, and you will need to send us a copy of each permission statement at acceptance.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing supplementary material","pageBlurb":"Supplementary materials are hosted online with the main article, and can include data sets, video files, sound clips, figures or tables.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"publishing-supplementary-material","introTitle":"Publishing supplementary material","introText":"Many of our journals encourage authors to submit and publish supplementary materials that are not essential for inclusion or cannot be accommodated in the main article, but would be of benefit to the reader. Supplementary materials are hosted online with the main article, and can include data sets, video files, sound clips, figures or tables. The main text of the article should stand alone without the supplementary material.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Writing an effective abstract","pageBlurb":"The title, abstract, and keywords you select for your manuscript play an important part in the discovery of your article after publication. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"writing-an-effective-abstract","introTitle":"Writing an effective abstract","introText":"The title, abstract, and keywords you select for your manuscript play an important part in the discovery of your article after publication. Since many researchers rely on search engines such as Google to find content relevant to their field, the careful selection of keywords in all of these can have a large impact on the life of an article, extending from readership through citation.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journal production - FAQs","pageBlurb":"If you have any questions on the production of your article check out our frequently asked questions.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"journal-production-faqs","introTitle":"Journal production - FAQs","introText":"Please click on a question below to go directly to the answer. If your question is not covered here, please direct it to your chosen journal’s editor or content manager.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}}],"column2Heading":"Journals (cont.)","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Author affiliations","pageBlurb":"Author affiliations FAQs. A guide to determining, submitting and the display of your affiliations as a Cambridge journal author.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"author-affiliations","introTitle":"Author affiliations","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Co-reviewing policy","pageBlurb":"In journals that allow co-reviewing, an invited reviewer can work with a more junior colleague to review a manuscript for the purpose of reviewer training.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"co-reviewing-policy","introTitle":"Co-reviewing policy","introText":"In journals that allow co-reviewing, an invited reviewer can work with a more junior colleague to review a manuscript for the purpose of reviewer training. This allows the co-reviewer to gain experience with the review process and become a viable reviewer for a journal.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Digital Author Publishing Agreement - FAQs","pageBlurb":"Find out more about our digital author publishing agreements by checking out our frequently asked questions. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"digital-author-publishing-agreement-faqs","introTitle":"Digital Author Publishing Agreement FAQs","introText":"Click on a question below to see the corresponding answer. If your question is not covered here, please direct it to our author contracts team.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Anonymising your manuscript","pageBlurb":"To maintain this anonymity, authors will need to remove any details that may reveal their identity from their manuscript, before it is reviewed.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"anonymising-your-manuscript","introTitle":"Anonymising your manuscript","introText":"Some of our journals use a double-anonymous peer review process, meaning neither the author nor the reviewers know the identity of each other. To maintain this anonymity, authors will need to remove any details that may reveal their identity from their manuscript, before it is reviewed.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing open access","pageBlurb":"Publishing your research Gold Open Access (Gold OA) helps to advance discovery by allowing anyone, anywhere to find, read, and benefit from your research.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"publishing-open-access","introTitle":"Publishing open access","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Converting your article to open access","pageBlurb":"Find information about publishing your article as open access","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"converting-your-article-to-open-access","introTitle":"Converting your article to open access","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing Open Access - webinars","pageBlurb":"This session focuses on the basics of Open Access (OA) and presents evidence of the increased impact of choosing this option.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"publishing-open-access-webinars","introTitle":"Publishing Open Access - webinars","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}}],"column3Heading":"Journals (cont.)","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Preparing and submitting your paper","pageBlurb":"Each journal published by Cambridge University Press is unique, pursuing a specific set of editorial aims.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"preparing-and-submitting-your-paper","introTitle":"Preparing and submitting your paper","introText":"Each journal published by Cambridge University Press is unique, pursuing a specific set of editorial aims. We strongly encourage authors to read the Instructions for Contributors document associated with their chosen journal as early as possible during the manuscript preparation process, to ensure full understanding of the journal's audience and scope. This document can be found via the homepage of each journal on Cambridge Core.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing an accepted paper","pageBlurb":"Once a paper is accepted by a journal's editor(s) it will be sent to Cambridge University Press to be prepared for publication. Efficiency, accuracy and quality are at the heart of this process.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"publishing-an-accepted-paper","introTitle":"Publishing an accepted paper","introText":"Once a paper is accepted by a journal's editor(s) it will be sent to Cambridge University Press to be prepared for publication. Efficiency, accuracy and quality are at the heart of this process. Authors will have access to a dedicated content manager, who will be available to answer questions and offer support as their article progresses through the steps towards publication.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Promoting your published paper","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press is committed to making sure your paper reaches a broad international audience in order to maximise its scholarly impact. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"promoting-your-published-paper","introTitle":"Promoting your published paper","introText":"Cambridge University Press is committed to making sure your paper reaches a broad international audience in order to maximise its scholarly impact. Our marketing team runs regular promotions through a wide variety of marketing channels and Cambridge Core is designed to make your article easy to discover, access, read and cite.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Measuring impact","pageBlurb":"This page explains the most common metrics used within scholarly publishing to measure impact at a journal level.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"measuring-impact","introTitle":"Measuring impact","introText":"This page explains the most common metrics used within scholarly publishing to measure impact at a journal level.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journals artwork guide","pageBlurb":"This guide will explain how to effectively prepare your artwork for electronic submission to our journals. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"journals-artwork-guide","introTitle":"Journals artwork guide","introText":"Submitting your illustrations, pictures and other artwork (such as multimedia and supplementary files) in an electronic format helps us produce your work to the best possible standards, ensuring accuracy, clarity, accessibility, and a high level of detail.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Using ORCID","pageBlurb":"ORCID is a not-for-profit organization governed by an elected board. It provides a persistent digital identifier (an ORCID ID) for individual researchers.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"using-orcid","introTitle":"Using ORCID","introText":"ORCID is a not-for-profit organization governed by an elected board. It provides a persistent digital identifier (an ORCID ID) for individual researchers, and a registry of those identifiers, to support automated linkages between researchers and their professional activities and affiliations, through integration in research workflows such as manuscript and grant submission.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}}],"column4Heading":"Books","column4StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Books","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press works closely with the global academic community to deliver the highest quality, peer-reviewed content, as well as a portfolio of innovative tools and services to advance learning and research.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"books","introTitle":"Books","introText":"Cambridge University Press works closely with the global academic community to deliver the highest quality, peer-reviewed content, as well as a portfolio of innovative tools and services to advance learning and research. Together with Cambridge University, our mission is to advance the work of researchers, students, lecturers, and librarians worldwide.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Marketing your book","pageBlurb":"Cambridge provides marketing support across all relevant channels and will work closely with your Editor and the Sales team to ensure that your book reaches its target audience.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"marketing-your-book","introTitle":"Marketing your book","introText":"You will be assigned a dedicated Marketing Specialist who will be in touch soon to discuss the marketing plans for your book. They will provide marketing support across all relevant channels and will work closely with your Editor and the Sales team to ensure that your book reaches its target audience.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Author guides for Cambridge Elements","pageBlurb":"Cambridge Elements user guides. Author guides, FAQs and style guides: find all the information about writing Cambridge Elements here.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"elements-user-guides","introTitle":"User guides for Cambridge Elements","introText":"Cambridge Elements user guides. Author guides, FAQs and style guides: find all the information about writing Cambridge Elements here.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["authors"]}}],"slug":"authors"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Corporates","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Services for corporates","pageBlurb":"Discover more about commercial reprints, advertising, sponsorship, special sales, foreign rights and permissions.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"services-for-corporates","introTitle":"Services for corporates","contentBlocks":[],"areas":[]}},"column1Heading":"Corporates","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Commercial reprints","pageBlurb":"Providing hard copy and electronic reprints of articles in the majority of our journals. Our commercial sales team can provide quotes for permission to translate articles and the reuse of our journal content for a corporate client.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"commercial-reprints","introTitle":"Commercial reprints","introText":"Cambridge University Press provides hard copy and electronic reprints of articles in the majority of our journals. Our commercial sales team can also provide quotes for permission to translate articles and any other permission that involves the reuse of our journal content for a corporate client.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["corporates"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Advertising","pageBlurb":"With over 400 titles to choose from, our extensive list of journals – spanning 45 subject areas – means you will always reach your target audience.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"advertising","introTitle":"Advertising","introText":"With over 400 titles to choose from, our extensive list of journals – spanning 45 subject areas – means you will always reach your target audience.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["corporates"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Sponsorship","pageBlurb":"Sponsorship of journals, supplements, special or themed issues, collections and questions allows your organisation to work with Cambridge University Press Publishing.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"sponsorship","introTitle":"Sponsorship","introText":"Sponsorship of journals, supplements, special or themed issues, collections and questions allows your organisation to work with Cambridge University Press Publishing.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["corporates"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Book special sales","pageBlurb":"We offer a range of flexible print and digital customisation options to suit your organization’s needs.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"book-special-sales","introTitle":"Book special sales","introText":"We offer a range of flexible print and digital customisation options to suit your organization’s needs, working with not-for-profit organisations, educational institutions, corporate customers and pharmaceutical companies to creating co-branded editions with our partners.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["corporates"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Contact us","pageBlurb":"Contact Cambridge University Press for Book special sales, advertising, sponsorship and commercial reprints.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"contact-us","introTitle":"Contact us","introText":"Contact Cambridge University Press for Book special sales, advertising, sponsorship and commercial reprints.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["corporates"]}}],"slug":"corporates"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Editors","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Editors","pageBlurb":"EditorTo empower our editors as advocates we provide dedicated tools, support and training throughout the publishing process, to raise journal visibility and cement its reputation in the field.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"editors","introTitle":"Editors","introText":"Editors make important contributions to the research community and ensure their journals feature work of the highest calibre. To empower our editors as advocates we provide dedicated tools, support and training throughout the publishing process, to raise journal visibility and cement its reputation in the field.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":[]}},"column1Heading":"Information","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journal development","pageBlurb":"The editor is the journal’s ambassador, here are some of the ways to support the journal's development.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"journal-development","introTitle":"Journal development","introText":"Supporting the journal. The editor is the journal’s ambassador, here are some of the ways to support the journal's development:","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Peer review for editors","pageBlurb":"An Online Peer Review System (OPRS), works to help editors carry out the peer review process. A submission is anonymised before being uploaded to allow for unbiased assessment. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"peer-review-for-editors","introTitle":"Peer review for editors","introText":"An Online Peer Review System (OPRS), works to help editors carry out the peer review process. A submission is anonymised before being uploaded to allow for unbiased assessment. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access for editors","pageBlurb":"Open access (OA) is an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"open-access-for-editors","introTitle":"Open access for editors","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Policies and guidelines","pageBlurb":"At Cambridge University Press, the integrity of our academic content and publishing process is paramount, and as our editors, you are our partners in supporting this mission. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"policies-and-guidelines","introTitle":"Policies and guidelines","introText":"At Cambridge University Press, the integrity of our academic content and publishing process is paramount, and as our editors, you are our partners in supporting this mission. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}}],"column2Heading":"Resources","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"The editor's role","pageBlurb":"Our editors ensure that their journals continue to evolve and have an impact on their research field.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"the-editors-role","introTitle":"The editor's role","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open research for editors","pageBlurb":"Open research refers to a range of practices that are dramatically improving how researchers are publishing and sharing their work.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"open-research-for-editors","introTitle":"Open research for editors","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Engagement and promotion","pageBlurb":"There are a number of ways an editor can support the visibility and dissemination of their journal(s).","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"engagement-and-promotion","introTitle":"Engagement and promotion","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Blogging","pageBlurb":"Blogs are great for profiling new and exciting research or features in the journal. It is also a key way to attract search traffic.","linkImage":{"title":"A Guide to Blogging","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/5sLUiDKTGCXxU9GKcPcHSA/36bf1c9ca78ae1e2a47293d27fb32647/A_Guide_to_Blogging.png","details":{"size":56411,"image":{"width":1824,"height":894}},"fileName":"A Guide to Blogging.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Editor Resources A Guide to Blogging","slug":"blogging","introTitle":"Blogging","introText":"Blogs are great for profiling new and exciting research or features in the journal. It is also a key way to attract search traffic.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Social media","pageBlurb":"Social media is a great way to raise the profile and visibility of your journal. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"social-media","introTitle":"Social media","introText":"Social media is a great way to raise the profile and visibility of your journal. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["editors"]}}],"slug":"editors"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Librarians","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Librarians","pageBlurb":"Cambridge Core has primarily been designed to help your readers and researchers to make fast and easy journeys to valuable content.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"librarians","introTitle":"Librarians","contentBlocks":[],"areas":[]}},"column1Heading":"Information","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open Access for Librarians","pageBlurb":"Welcome to your librarian hub for Open Access at Cambridge University Press. Open Access (OA) can be quite daunting, so we've created this page to help you navigate our different resources.","linkImage":{"title":"OA Librarian Website Header Banner","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/6eyfpqZUi4KEeOt7lsGKJg/41ef6beae2eee1a8304a95313aa08b64/OA-Librarian-Website-Header-Banner-Image-1-1500x300.jpg","details":{"size":348959,"image":{"width":1500,"height":300}},"fileName":"OA-Librarian-Website-Header-Banner-Image-1-1500x300.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Open Access for Librarians: get all your information about OA from Cambridge","slug":"open-access-for-librarians","introTitle":"Open Access for Librarians","introText":"Welcome to your librarian hub for Open Access at Cambridge University Press. Open Access (OA) can be quite daunting, so we've created this page to help you navigate our different resources. Learn about our OA policies, what we publish OA and how you can support your institution when publishing OA journals, books, monographs and Elements.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Transformative agreements","url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/open-access-policies/read-and-publish-agreements","ariaLabel":"Transformative agreements"}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Transformative Agreements - FAQs","pageBlurb":"A transformative agreement is the combined provision of two services for one cost: OA publishing and reading access to all subscription journals.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"transformative-agreements-faqs","introTitle":"Transformative Agreements - FAQs","introText":"A transformative agreement is the combined provision of two services for one cost: OA publishing and reading access to all subscription journals.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Evidence based acquisition","pageBlurb":"Academic institutions can access Cambridge University Press ebook collections via an EBA - access more than 50,000 titles published by Cambridge and our publishing partners, before making decisions on which titles to buy in perpetuity. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"evidence-based-acquisition","introTitle":"Evidence based acquisition","introText":"Academic institutions can now access Cambridge University Press ebook collections via an EBA. Under this model, institutions are given access to an extensive online collection of more than 50,000 titles published by Cambridge and our publishing partners, before making decisions on which titles to buy in perpetuity. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"ebook news & updates","pageBlurb":"Welcome to your Cambridge University Press ebooks hub. This is your single reference page where you can learn the latest news on ebooks and Cambridge Core platform updates. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"ebook-news-and-updates","introTitle":"ebook news & updates","introText":"Welcome to your Cambridge University Press ebooks hub. This is your single reference page where you can learn the latest news on ebooks and Cambridge Core platform updates. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Cambridge libraries of the world podcast","pageBlurb":"A brand-new podcast series for librarians to listen to and learn about topics at the heart of academic discourse, via interviews conducted with professors, researchers, students, librarians, and Cambridge personnel.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"cambridge-libraries-of-the-world-podcast","introTitle":"Cambridge libraries of the world podcast","introText":"A brand-new podcast series for librarians to listen to and learn about topics at the heart of academic discourse, via interviews conducted with professors, researchers, students, librarians, and Cambridge personnel. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Purchasing models","pageBlurb":"Discover more about the purchasing options available to institutions for the content hosted on Cambridge Core.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"purchasing-models","introTitle":"Purchasing models","introText":"Below are a number of different purchasing options available to institutions for the content hosted on Cambridge Core.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journals Publishing Updates","pageBlurb":"Another year of development for Cambridge University Press's journals publishing sees big changes coming for 2025.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"journals-publishing-updates","introTitle":"Journals Publishing Updates","introText":"Another year of development for Cambridge University Press's journals publishing sees big changes coming for 2025. Below is a preview of our list changes, including our new titles, titles that are converting to an open access publishing model, and details of our new series.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}}],"column2Heading":"Products","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Cambridge frontlist","pageBlurb":"Our 2024 ebook collection contains the most recent, award-winning publishing from Cambridge University Press.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"cambridge-frontlist","introTitle":"Cambridge frontlist","introText":"Our 2024 ebook collection contains the most recent, award-winning publishing from Cambridge University Press.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Cambridge journals digital archive","pageBlurb":"The Cambridge journals digital archive provides instant online access to two centuries of academic excellence and publishing history from Cambridge University Press. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"cambridge-journals-digital-archive","introTitle":"Cambridge journals digital archive","introText":"The Cambridge journals digital archive provides instant online access to two centuries of academic excellence and publishing history from Cambridge University Press. Our constantly growing digital archive takes knowledge off the shelf and makes it readily available online, alongside our current Cambridge Core content.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Hot topics","pageBlurb":"Hot Topics from Cambridge are a series of bespoke ebook collections reflecting the latest research trends.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"hot-topics","introTitle":"Hot topics","introText":"Hot Topics from Cambridge are a series of bespoke ebook collections comprising titles from across a wide range of subjects, created to reflect the latest research trends. Drawing from the humanities and social sciences, in addition to the science, technology and medical disciplines, the collections highlight Cambridge’s depth of publishing.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Other digital products","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press publishes a wide variety of academic content online, some of which currently sits on other platforms.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"other-digital-products","introTitle":"Other digital products","introText":"Cambridge University Press publishes a wide variety of academic content online, some of which currently sits on other platforms.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Perpetual access products","pageBlurb":"Gain perpetual access to Cambridge University Press resources for a one-time payment. Details of products an offers can be found on this page.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"perpetual-access-products","introTitle":"Perpetual access products","introText":"Gain perpetual access to Cambridge University Press resources for a one-time payment. Details of products an offers can be found on this page.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Price list","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press 2025 price lists for journals, books and Elements. For subscription agents and academic institutions.","linkImage":{"title":"GettyImages-2148427272","description":"A row of books on a metal, library style, bookshelf. the books are view from the rear and a hand is reaching and picking a book.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1BYMYdALXI4YZz9sJKegO1/0c50d6ede207418c796a9b5691b5c20a/GettyImages-2148427272.jpg","details":{"size":185617,"image":{"width":1536,"height":1024}},"fileName":"GettyImages-2148427272.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A row of books on a metal, library style, bookshelf. the books are view from the rear and a hand is reaching and picking a book.","slug":"price-list","introTitle":"Price list","introText":"Cambridge University Press 2025 price lists for journals, books and Elements. For subscription agents and academic institutions.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians","agents"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Developing country programme","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press has been working to improve the lives of people living in less economically developed parts of the world for nearly 500 years.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"developing-country-programme","introTitle":"Developing country programme","introText":"Cambridge University Press has been working to improve the lives of people living in less economically developed parts of the world for nearly 500 years.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"New content","pageBlurb":"Discover new books and journals published by Cambridge University Press on Cambridge Core. Including information on titles moving to online only.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"new-content","introTitle":"New content","introText":"Discover new books and journals published by Cambridge University Press on Cambridge Core. Including information on titles moving to online only.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}}],"column3Heading":"Tools","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Eligibility checker","url":"/core/eligibility-checker","ariaLabel":"Eligibility checker"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Transformative agreements","url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/open-access-policies/read-and-publish-agreements","ariaLabel":"Transformative agreements"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"KBART","url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/librarians/kbart","ariaLabel":"KBART"}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"MARC records","url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/librarians/marc-records","ariaLabel":"MARC records"}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Using MARCEdit for MARC records","pageBlurb":"Using MARCEdit for MARC records. To open/use MARC records from Cambridge Core, we recommend you use MARCEdit.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"using-marcedit-for-marc-records","introTitle":"Using MARCEdit for MARC records","introText":"Using MARCEdit for MARC records. To open/use MARC records from Cambridge Core, we recommend you use MARCEdit.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Inbound OpenURL specifications","pageBlurb":"Specifications to link directly to an article, book, chapter or journal page on Cambridge Core using an OpenURL link.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"inbound-openurl-specifications","introTitle":"Inbound OpenURL specifications","introText":"Use the following specifications to link directly to an article, book, chapter or journal page on Cambridge Core using an OpenURL link.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"COUNTER report types","pageBlurb":"A librarian guide to COUNTER reporting and report types, as well as turnaway reports for books and journals.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"counter-report-types","introTitle":"COUNTER report types","introText":"A librarian guide to COUNTER reporting and report types, as well as turnaway reports for books and journals.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}}],"column4Heading":"Resources","column4StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Catalogues and resources","pageBlurb":"Discover resources that have been created to help you get the most value out of content on Cambridge Core. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"catalogues-and-resources","introTitle":"Catalogues and resources","introText":"These resources have been created to help you get the most value out of content on Cambridge Core. By promoting your Cambridge publications, you can increase usage and help readers discover new titles.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Making the most of your EBA","pageBlurb":"Evidence Based Acquisition (EBA) is an ebook purchase model that allows you to make informed decisions about which titles to own based on usage data.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"making-the-most-of-your-eba","introTitle":"Making the most of your EBA","introText":"Evidence Based Acquisition (EBA) is an ebook purchase model that allows you to make informed decisions about which titles to own based on usage data. We want to make sure that your EBA with Cambridge is a success, so we’ve put together a selection of resources to help with both raising awareness and ensuring discoverability of content.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Posters","pageBlurb":"Below are all posters for ebooks and journals available for you to download in two sizes - A3 and A4.","linkImage":{"title":"Posters","description":"An image showing the walkway between bookshelves in a library. The word \"Posters\" is superimposed over. ","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/3gpLCEAqNNQ89VoZWA6Aot/6ee8948bc1bd70553b19070431fc0818/Posters.jpg","details":{"size":64672,"image":{"width":424,"height":305}},"fileName":"Posters.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image showing the walkway between bookshelves in a library. The word \"Posters\" is superimposed over. ","slug":"posters","introTitle":"Posters","introText":"Below are all posters for ebooks and journals available for you to download in two sizes - A3 and A4.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Leaflets and brochures","pageBlurb":"View and download our latest leaflets, brochures and catalogues, for products and resources, on Cambridge Core.","linkImage":{"title":"leaflets-and-brochures","description":"A close up of fingertips holding a ballpoint pen. The pen hovers about a notepad. Superimposed are the words \"Leaflets & Brochures\".","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/2vuFy7rj3ER6B7sH4iCAQW/f6ba1d6a1e00c2dbbf6e36e83a082e22/leaflets-and-brochures.jpg","details":{"size":42247,"image":{"width":424,"height":305}},"fileName":"leaflets-and-brochures.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A close up of fingertips holding a ballpoint pen. The pen hovers about a notepad. Superimposed are the words \"Leaflets & Brochures\".","slug":"leaflets-and-brochures","introTitle":"Leaflets and brochures","introText":"View and download our latest leaflets, brochures and catalogues, for products and resources, on Cambridge Core.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Additional resources","pageBlurb":"Download the Cambridge Core desktop background and logo to use on your library screens and in publicity material.","linkImage":{"title":"Additional-resources","description":"A close up of hands typing on a computer keyboard. Superimposed over the image are the words \"Additional Resources\". ","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/7IT9biHnN2eHG5WfwB7zmU/5cf73c7ade25233f31c709e359b2f78c/Additional-resources.jpg","details":{"size":39706,"image":{"width":424,"height":305}},"fileName":"Additional-resources.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A close up of hands typing on a computer keyboard. Superimposed over the image are the words \"Additional Resources\". ","slug":"additional-resources","introTitle":"Additional resources","introText":"Download the Cambridge Core desktop background and logo to use on your library screens and in publicity material.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Find my sales contact","pageBlurb":"Please find your sales contacts below by the appropriate region. Alternatively you can send general enquiries.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"find-my-sales-contact","introTitle":"Find my sales contact","introText":"Please find your sales contacts below by the appropriate region. Alternatively you can send general enquiries.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Webinars","pageBlurb":"The author publishing workflow and author outreach activities. How to approve articles using Rightslink Agreement Manager. How to analyse reporting from Cambridge University Press.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"webinars","introTitle":"Webinars","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Read and publish resources","pageBlurb":"This page is dedicated to providing resources, messaging and training to help make your deal a success.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"read-and-publish-resources","introTitle":"Read and publish resources","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["librarians"]}}],"slug":"librarians"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Peer review","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Peer review","pageBlurb":"Peer review is the foundation of quality in research for both books and journals, ensuring that published research is rigorous, ethical and significant to the discipline in question.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"peer-review","introTitle":"Peer review","introText":"Peer review is the foundation of quality in research for both books and journals, ensuring that published research is rigorous, ethical and significant to the discipline in question. On these pages you'll find information about how to review both books and journal articles, as well as some frequently asked questions, notes on ethics in review, and news from Cambridge University Press relating to developments in review.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":[]}},"column1Heading":"Peer review","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"How to peer review journal articles","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press has created a guide to give a practical introduction to conducting effective peer reviews, especially for those who are new to the process. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"how-to-peer-review-journal-articles","introTitle":"How to peer review journal articles","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["peer-review"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"How to peer review book proposals","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press has created a guide to give a practical introduction to conducting effective peer reviews, especially for those who are new to the process.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"how-to-peer-review-book-proposals","introTitle":"How to peer review book proposals","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["peer-review"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"How to peer review Registered Reports","pageBlurb":"This page offers guidance for peer reviewers about Registered Reports, a publishing format where a research article is published in two stages, each stage undergoing a separate peer review process.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"how-to-peer-review-registered-reports","introTitle":"How to peer review Registered Reports","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["peer-review"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Peer review FAQs","pageBlurb":"Please note that these frequently asked questions have been written with journal articles in mind, though some may be applicable to reviewing book proposals.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"peer-review-faqs","introTitle":"Peer review FAQs","introText":"Please note that these frequently asked questions have been written with journal articles in mind, though some may be applicable to reviewing book proposals.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["peer-review"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Ethics in peer review","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press is committed to publishing ethics in all areas. Discover more about the five main areas of ethical considerations in peer review.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"ethics-in-peer-review","introTitle":"Ethics in peer review","introText":"Cambridge University Press is committed to publishing ethics in all areas. Discover more about the five main areas of ethical considerations in peer review.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["peer-review"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Online peer review systems","pageBlurb":"Where you complete and/or submit your review will vary depending on the journal. At Cambridge University Press, we use two online peer review systems called Scholar One and Editorial Manager, where you'll be expected to submit your review.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"online-peer-review-systems","introTitle":"Online peer review systems","introText":"Where you complete and/or submit your review will vary depending on the journal. At Cambridge University Press, we use two online peer review systems called Scholar One and Editorial Manager, where you'll be expected to submit your review. These systems are user-friendly and should walk you through the process of submitting your review.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["peer-review"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"A guide to Publons","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press has created a guide to Publons to explain what it is and the benefits of using it as a reviewer.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"a-guide-to-publons","introTitle":"A guide to Publons","introText":"Publons has recently been rebranded as the Web of Science Reviewer Recognition Service during its integration with the Web of Science. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["peer-review"]}}],"slug":"peer-review"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Publishing ethics","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing ethics","pageBlurb":"As a leading publisher of scholarly journals and books, Cambridge University Press is committed to meeting high standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"publishing-ethics","introTitle":"Publishing ethics","introText":"As a leading publisher of scholarly journals and books, Cambridge University Press is committed to meeting high standards of ethical behaviour at all stages of the publication process. Our research publishing ethics guidelines outline the publishing ethics responsibilities of Cambridge University Press, authors, peer reviewers and editors.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":[]}},"column1Heading":"Journals ","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing ethics guidelines for journals","pageBlurb":"At Cambridge University Press, the integrity of our academic content and publishing process is paramount. These guidelines outline the best practice principles that we apply to our Academic content. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"publishing-ethics-guidelines-journals","introTitle":"Publishing ethics guidelines for journals","introText":"At Cambridge University Press, the integrity of our academic content and publishing process is paramount. These guidelines outline the best practice principles that we apply to our Academic content. We hope these guidelines will be useful to many different groups, including authors, peer reviewers, editors within and outside of Cambridge University Press, societies, publishing partners and funders.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Core editorial policies for journals","pageBlurb":"This page contains information about our publishing principles, research integrity and academic freedom - as well as a number of other aspects of our editorial policies.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"core-editorial-policies-journals","introTitle":"Core editorial policies for journals","introText":"This page contains information about our publishing principles, research integrity and academic freedom - as well as a number of other aspects of our editorial policies.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Authorship and contributorship for journals","pageBlurb":"We acknowledge that different disciplines and publication formats have different norms for who is listed as an author.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"authorship-and-contributorship-journals","introTitle":"Authorship and contributorship for journals","introText":"We acknowledge that different disciplines and publication formats have different norms for who is listed as an author. We expect all authors on any content submitted to Cambridge to be in agreement that the authors listed would all be considered authors according to disciplinary norms, and that no authors who would reasonably be considered an author have been excluded. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Affiliations for journals","pageBlurb":"Any affiliations should represent the institution(s) at which the research presented was conducted and/or supported and/or approved.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"affiliations-journals","introTitle":"Affiliations for journals","introText":"Any affiliations should represent the institution(s) at which the research presented was conducted and/or supported and/or approved. For non-research content, any affiliations should represent the institution(s) with which each author is currently affiliated.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Research ethics for journals","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press expects all contributors to align with ethics of research when researching and writing.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"research-ethics-journals","introTitle":"Research ethics for journals","introText":"Cambridge University Press expects all contributors to align with ethics of research when researching and writing.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Competing interests and funding for journals","pageBlurb":"Authors submitting a journal manuscript to Cambridge University Press, employees, the SAPC, editors and reviewers of Cambridge University Press publications, are required to declare any potential competing interests.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"competing-interests-and-funding-journals","introTitle":"Competing interests and funding for journals","introText":"Authors submitting a journal manuscript to Cambridge University Press, employees, the SAPC, editors and reviewers of Cambridge University Press publications, are required to declare any potential competing interests that could interfere with the objectivity or integrity of a publication. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}}],"column2Heading":"Journals (cont.)","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Data and supporting evidence for journals","pageBlurb":"We advocate for transparency and openness around data, code, and other materials associated with research, and we are a signatory of the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"data-and-supporting-evidence-for-journals","introTitle":"Data and supporting evidence for journals","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Misconduct for journals","pageBlurb":"The principles of research integrity - honesty, transparency, accountability, care and respect - are encompassed by our core editorial policies described above.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"misconduct-journals","introTitle":"Misconduct for journals","introText":"The principles of research integrity - honesty, transparency, accountability, care and respect - are encompassed by our core editorial policies described above.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Corrections, retractions and removals for journals","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press policies and information regarding corrections, retractions and removals in published content.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"corrections-retractions-and-removals-journals","introTitle":"Corrections, retractions and removals for journals","introText":"Cambridge University Press policies and information regarding corrections, retractions and removals in published content.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Versions and adaptations for journals","pageBlurb":"Our publications are distributed in many different global, cultural, environmental and economic contexts. We may therefore issue different versions of some of our products in order to cater to these contexts. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"versions-and-adaptations-journals","introTitle":"Versions and adaptations for journals","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Libel, defamation and freedom of expression","pageBlurb":"Freedom of expression is critical to us as academic publishers, but we do not support publishing false statements that harm the reputation of individuals, groups or organisations. Our legal team will address allegations of libel in our publications.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"libel-defamation-and-freedom-of-expression","introTitle":"Libel, defamation and freedom of expression","introText":"Freedom of expression is critical to us as academic publishers, but we do not support publishing false statements that harm the reputation of individuals, groups or organisations. Our legal team will address allegations of libel in any of our publications.","areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Business ethics journals","pageBlurb":"Business ethics: fair access, censorship, marketing communication, advertising, sponsorship, PR / media and metrics, usage and reporting. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"business-ethics-journals","introTitle":"Business ethics journals","introText":"Business ethics: fair access, censorship, marketing communication, advertising, sponsorship, PR / media and metrics, usage and reporting. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}}],"column3Heading":"Books","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing ethics guidelines for books","pageBlurb":"At Cambridge University Press, the integrity of our academic content and publishing process is paramount. These guidelines outline the best practice principles that we apply to our Academic content. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"publishing-ethics-guidelines-books","introTitle":"Publishing ethics guidelines for books","introText":"At Cambridge University Press, the integrity of our academic content and publishing process is paramount. These guidelines outline the best practice principles that we apply to our Academic content. We hope these guidelines will be useful to many different groups, including authors, peer reviewers, editors within and outside of Cambridge University Press, societies, publishing partners and funders. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Core editorial policies for books","pageBlurb":"This page contains information about our publishing principles, research integrity and academic freedom - as well as a number of other aspects of our editorial policies.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"core-editorial-policies-books","introTitle":"Core editorial policies for books","introText":"This page contains infromation about our publishing principles, research integrity and academic freedom - as well as a number of other aspects of our editorial policies.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Authorship and contributorship for books","pageBlurb":"We acknowledge that different disciplines and publication formats have different norms for who is listed as an author.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"authorship-and-contributorship-books","introTitle":"Authorship and contributorship for books","introText":"We acknowledge that different disciplines and publication formats have different norms for who is listed as an author. We expect all authors on any content submitted to Cambridge to be in agreement that the authors listed would all be considered authors according to disciplinary norms, and that no authors who would reasonably be considered an author have been excluded.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Affiliations for books","pageBlurb":"Any affiliations should represent the institution(s) at which the research presented was conducted and/or supported and/or approved.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"affiliations-books","introTitle":"Affiliations for books","introText":"Any affiliations should represent the institution(s) at which the research presented was conducted and/or supported and/or approved. For non-research content, any affiliations should represent the institution(s) with which each author is currently affiliated.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Research ethics for books","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press expects all contributors to align with ethics of research when researching and writing.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"research-ethics-books","introTitle":"Research ethics for books","introText":"Cambridge University Press expects all contributors to align with ethics of research when researching and writing.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Competing interests and funding for books","pageBlurb":"Authors submitting a book or Element manuscript to Cambridge University Press, employees, the SAPC, editors and reviewers of Cambridge University Press publications, must declare any potential competing interests.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"competing-interests-and-funding-books","introTitle":"Competing interests and funding for books","introText":"Authors submitting a book or Element manuscript to Cambridge University Press, employees, the SAPC, editors and reviewers of Cambridge University Press publications, are required to declare any potential competing interests that could interfere with the objectivity or integrity of a publication. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}}],"column4Heading":"Books (cont.)","column4StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Data and supporting evidence for books","pageBlurb":"We advocate for transparency and openness around data, code, and other materials associated with research, and we are a signatory of the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"data-and-supporting-evidence-books","introTitle":"Data and supporting evidence for books","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Misconduct for books","pageBlurb":"The principles of research integrity - honesty, transparency, accountability, care and respect - are encompassed by our core editorial policies described above.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"misconduct-books","introTitle":"Misconduct for books","introText":"The principles of research integrity - honesty, transparency, accountability, care and respect - are encompassed by our core editorial policies described above.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Corrections, retractions and removals for books","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press policies and information regarding corrections, retractions and removals in published content.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"corrections-retractions-and-removals-books","introTitle":"Corrections, retractions and removals for books","introText":"Cambridge University Press policies and information regarding corrections, retractions and removals in published content.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Versions and adaptations for books","pageBlurb":"Our publications are distributed in many different global, cultural, environmental and economic contexts. We may therefore issue different versions of some of our products in order to cater to these contexts. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"versions-and-adaptations-books","introTitle":"Versions and adaptations for books","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Libel, defamation and freedom of expression","pageBlurb":"Freedom of expression is critical to us as academic publishers, but we do not support publishing false statements that harm the reputation of individuals, groups or organisations. Our legal team will address allegations of libel in our publications.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"libel-defamation-and-freedom-of-expression","introTitle":"Libel, defamation and freedom of expression","introText":"Freedom of expression is critical to us as academic publishers, but we do not support publishing false statements that harm the reputation of individuals, groups or organisations. Our legal team will address allegations of libel in any of our publications.","areas":["publishing-ethics"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Business ethics books","pageBlurb":"Business ethics: fair access, censorship, marketing communication, advertising, sponsorship, PR / media and metrics, usage and reporting. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"business-ethics-books","introTitle":"Business ethics books","introText":"Business ethics: fair access, censorship, marketing communication, advertising, sponsorship, PR / media and metrics, usage and reporting. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-ethics"]}}],"slug":"publishing-ethics"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Publishing partners","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing partnerships","pageBlurb":"Over 220 world-leading societies and presses partner with us on publications including journals, book series, early research and e-books. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"publishing-partnerships","introTitle":"Publishing partnerships","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}},"column1Heading":"Publishing partners","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Publishing partnerships","pageBlurb":"Over 220 world-leading societies and presses partner with us on publications including journals, book series, early research and e-books. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"publishing-partnerships","introTitle":"Publishing partnerships","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Partner books","pageBlurb":"Books published for our society partners are given the same high quality production as our own publications, and are published throughout the world in print and electronic formats as appropriate.","linkImage":{"title":"PartnersBooks","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/2U1gsLlZ2xJxn8N97MOIAt/2604acf1f3e6274808a94cc3e0562509/PartnersBooks.jpg","details":{"size":32409,"image":{"width":500,"height":300}},"fileName":"PartnersBooks.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A background of dark blue with the word 'Books' in white text. The background has a pattern of dots forming circles.","slug":"partner-books","introTitle":"Partner books","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"eBook publishing partnerships","pageBlurb":"Publishing partner ebook titles are delivered to customers on Cambridge Core. The publisher logo also appears on each individual book page, to ensure it is always clear that the ebook is published by a publishing partners.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"ebook-publishing-partnerships","introTitle":"eBook publishing partnerships","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journal publishing partnerships","pageBlurb":"Cambridge University Press has a proud history of forming productive and enduring publishing relationships with learned societies, universities, and professional associations.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"journal-publishing-partnerships","introTitle":"Journal publishing partnerships","introText":"Cambridge University Press has a proud history of forming productive and enduring publishing relationships with learned societies, universities, and professional associations. Our mission is to unlock people's potential with the best learning and research solutions.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}}],"column2Heading":"Publishing partners (cont.)","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Journals publishing","pageBlurb":"We pride ourselves on offering a truly collaborative publishing service which has journal development at its core.","linkImage":{"title":"journals publishing","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/3pWJoXbWYEFDv5DOiBQs7I/8c4dedff525b7170cfe631f4f66b88e7/journals_publishing.JPG","details":{"size":7595,"image":{"width":177,"height":155}},"fileName":"journals publishing.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the outline of a book or journal with grey arrows around it. This is on a white circle, which is against a blue background.","slug":"journals-publishing","introTitle":"Journals publishing ","introText":"We pride ourselves on offering a truly collaborative publishing service which has journal development at its core. The range of services we provide includes:","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Customer support","pageBlurb":"Our Customer Services teams have units dedicated to library support, handling print fulfilment and claims, as well as online training and access","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, with stars and galaxies. The dark outline of the Cambridge shield is superimposed over the top. ","slug":"customer-support","introTitle":"Customer support","introText":"Our Customer Services teams have units dedicated to library support, handling print fulfilment and claims, as well as online training and access.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Membership Services","pageBlurb":"We provide a range of services to our society partners, including access to journal content, discounts on Cambridge University Press publications and customer service support.","linkImage":{"title":"membership services","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/74cDq9dHVmVPJDQwvqN9ed/00f3dfbab0c2b1f79dea2c40dabb47e6/membership_services.JPG","details":{"size":8177,"image":{"width":169,"height":156}},"fileName":"membership services.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Line image of a person in blue on a white circle background, against a blue square. Around the person is a curved circular arrow. ","slug":"membership-services","introTitle":"Membership Services","introText":"We provide a range of services to the members of our society partners, including access to journal content (current and archival), discounts on Cambridge University Press publications and customer service support to ensure that any queries or problems are resolved quickly.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Our Team","pageBlurb":"If you would like to discuss a potential journal publishing collaboration, please contact us to discuss your requirements or ideas.","linkImage":{"title":"Our team","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/3DbyRtmwHXuXmdpmkQTTd4/fb83164a4b8328415057478c6a81fde7/Our_team.JPG","details":{"size":8368,"image":{"width":184,"height":157}},"fileName":"Our team.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Line drawing of three people. One is shaded grey and the other two are without fill on a white circle. The circle is against a blue background.","slug":"our-team","introTitle":"Our Team","introText":"If you would like to discuss a potential journal publishing collaboration, please contact us to discuss your requirements or ideas.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["publishing-partners"]}}],"slug":"publishing-partners"}}]}},{"name":"navigationBarCategory","value":{"title":"Open research","navigationBarArea":[{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Open access policies","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access policies","pageBlurb":"Open access (OA) has become an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view. Open access serves authors and the wider community by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed OA content.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"open-access-policies","introTitle":"Open access policies","introText":"Open access (OA) has become an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view. Open access serves authors and the wider community by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed OA content. We support and promote all forms of OA that are financially sustainable. Our introduction to open access page provides some essential information about the types of OA we offer.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},"column1Heading":"Open access policies","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open research","pageBlurb":"The open research movement seeks to maximise the impact and benefits of research by prioritising barrier-free access to research findings, data and methodologies.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"open-research","introTitle":"Open research","introText":"The open research movement seeks to maximise the impact and benefits of research by prioritising barrier-free access to research findings, data and methodologies. Open research reflects a fundamental belief that the pursuit of knowledge benefits directly from collaboration, transparency, rapid dissemination and accessibility.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing","open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access policies","pageBlurb":"Open access (OA) has become an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view. Open access serves authors and the wider community by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed OA content.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"open-access-policies","introTitle":"Open access policies","introText":"Open access (OA) has become an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view. Open access serves authors and the wider community by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed OA content. We support and promote all forms of OA that are financially sustainable. Our introduction to open access page provides some essential information about the types of OA we offer.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Cambridge University Press and Plan S","pageBlurb":"Our goal to transform the journals we publish to open research depends on a continued, widespread move to funding for Open Access (OA) around the world.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"cambridge-university-press-and-plan-s","introTitle":"Cambridge University Press and Plan S","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Text and data mining","pageBlurb":"We believe that text and data mining (TDM) is an important and powerful research tool with incredible potential. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"text-and-data-mining","introTitle":"Text and data mining","introText":"We believe that text and data mining (TDM) is an important and powerful research tool with incredible potential. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Preprint policy","pageBlurb":"Discover full details of our Preprint policy at Cambridge University Press ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"preprint-policy","introTitle":"Preprint policy at Cambridge University Press","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Social sharing","pageBlurb":"Content sharing is a natural and vital part of research. It helps to disseminate and raise awareness about new findings and to stimulate discussion and further progress.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"social-sharing","introTitle":"Social Sharing","introText":"Many authors and readers share journal and book content with others. Some of the most common ways that content is shared are:","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}}],"column2Heading":"Journals","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access journals","pageBlurb":"We have a growing list of journals that publish Gold Open Access articles under Creative Commons licences.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"open-access-journals","introTitle":"Open access journals","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Gold open access journals","pageBlurb":"Many of our journals publish articles as Gold Open Access, under Creative commons (CC) licences, enabling readers to freely access and re-distribute their articles.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"gold-open-access-journals","introTitle":"Gold Open Access in journals","introText":"Many of our journals publish articles as Gold Open Access, under Creative commons (CC) licences, enabling readers to freely access and re-distribute their articles. In some journals Gold OA is an option offered to authors, while in other journals, some or all article types are always published Gold OA.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Transformative journals","pageBlurb":"The journals below have committed to transition to open research and meet the transformative journals requirements of Plan S. Download our 2021 and 2022 TJ progress reports to see each journal's progression to full OA.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"transformative-journals","introTitle":"Transformative journals","introText":"The journals below have committed to transition to open research and meet the transformative journals requirements of Plan S. Download our 2021 and 2022 TJ progress reports to see each journal's progression to full OA.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Green Open Access policy for journals","pageBlurb":"Discover details of how our Green Open Access policy permits authors of journal articles published by Cambridge to share versions of their work online.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"green-open-access-policy-for-journals","introTitle":"Green Open Access policy for journals","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Transparent pricing policy for journals","pageBlurb":"We aim to price our journals fairly and transparently. In particular, our subscription prices should reflect the amount of subscription content in a journal.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"transparent-pricing-policy-for-journals","introTitle":"Transparent pricing policy for journals","introText":"We aim to price our journals fairly and transparently. In particular, our subscription prices should reflect the amount of subscription content in a journal.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}}],"column3Heading":"Books and Elements","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access books","pageBlurb":"Open access (OA) is emerging as a new model for book publishing. We support OA books in line with our mission to disseminate knowledge at the highest international levels of excellence.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"open-access-books","introTitle":"Open access books","introText":"Open access (OA) is emerging as a new model for book publishing. We support OA books in line with our commitment to exploring publishing models that are financially sustainable, scalable and in accordance with our mission to disseminate knowledge at the highest international levels of excellence.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Gold open access books","pageBlurb":"We offer authors the option of publishing their work as open access. Discover more information about our gold open access books on our dedicated information page. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"gold-open-access-books","introTitle":"Gold open access books","introText":"We offer authors the option of publishing their work as open access to allow them to make their works freely available online without compromising any aspect of the publishing process. Typically, we offer this option only for monographs, which are books usually written by a single author to convey the results of their research and analysis in a particular field of study.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Green Open Access policy for books","pageBlurb":"Discover details of how our Green Open Access policy permits authors of books published by Cambridge to share versions of their work online.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"green-open-access-policy-for-books","introTitle":"Green Open Access policy for books","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access Elements","pageBlurb":"Discover information about how to publish an Element Gold Open Access, as well as details of our Green Open Access policy for Elements.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"open-access-elements","introTitle":"Open access Elements","introText":"We offer authors the option of publishing their Elements as open access to allow them to make their works freely available online without compromising any aspect of the publishing process.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-policies"]}}],"slug":"open-research-policies"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Open access publishing","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"What is open access?","pageBlurb":"Open access (OA) is an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view.","linkImage":{"title":"What is open access","description":"Dark yellow vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a light yellow background.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/7sEQ4K9gF64X6oCYQm5gHg/74f9d5bc0f37e8f4ffe68bd177a5118c/What_is_open_access.png","details":{"size":4791,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"What is open access.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Dark yellow vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a light yellow background.","slug":"open-access","introTitle":"What is open access?","introText":"Open access (OA) makes research findings freely available for anyone to access and view. Authors will benefit from the open availability of their research to others, leading to an increase in the visibility and usage of their work. Open access allows authors to comply with the Gold and Green OA requirements of major funders.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},"banner":{"title":"1","description":"a mountain range in mist. a red shield is superimposed on the right.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/tg5ltxgzVAAUpHiLcO8IM/8799f338869f552c0974163f621af29a/1.png","details":{"size":2466105,"image":{"width":2560,"height":1440}},"fileName":"1.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"column1Heading":"About open access","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open research","pageBlurb":"The open research movement seeks to maximise the impact and benefits of research by prioritising barrier-free access to research findings, data and methodologies.","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"open-research","introTitle":"Open research","introText":"The open research movement seeks to maximise the impact and benefits of research by prioritising barrier-free access to research findings, data and methodologies. Open research reflects a fundamental belief that the pursuit of knowledge benefits directly from collaboration, transparency, rapid dissemination and accessibility.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing","open-research-policies"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open Access Week","pageBlurb":"Open Access Week 2024 | Explore how we're working to build an open equitable future for all authors. We believe in the quality of your research rather than your ability to pay; so explore our routes to fund your open access publication.","linkImage":{"title":"Open Access Week","description":"Cambridge Blue vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/116LrrCNfUgNVzHbAtJ8Xj/b8f072a1ffc9713d156e6c96c91ef5d4/OA_Week.png","details":{"size":4883,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"OA Week.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Cambridge Blue vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"open-access-week","introTitle":"Open Access Week","introText":"Welcome to Open Access Week 2024! We're working to build an open, equitable future for all authors around the world. Find out more about how we're supporting authors from low- and middle-income countries with our award-winning Cambridge Open Equity Initiative, our open access book-funding programme, Flip it Open, and more. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"What is open access?","pageBlurb":"Open access (OA) is an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view.","linkImage":{"title":"What is open access","description":"Dark yellow vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a light yellow background.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/7sEQ4K9gF64X6oCYQm5gHg/74f9d5bc0f37e8f4ffe68bd177a5118c/What_is_open_access.png","details":{"size":4791,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"What is open access.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Dark yellow vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a light yellow background.","slug":"open-access","introTitle":"What is open access?","introText":"Open access (OA) makes research findings freely available for anyone to access and view. Authors will benefit from the open availability of their research to others, leading to an increase in the visibility and usage of their work. Open access allows authors to comply with the Gold and Green OA requirements of major funders.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access glossary","pageBlurb":"Open access has many unique terms, acronyms and additional information. Read our useful glossary to discover more.","linkImage":{"title":"Open access glossary","description":"Bright pink dot pattern fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a dark pink background.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/7cLxXpMkrUCEEHVu2Brt1b/69ca9bc044cd4698fce66e6ca8224fd7/OA_glossary.png","details":{"size":58518,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"OA glossary.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Bright pink dot pattern fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a dark pink background.","slug":"open-access-glossary","introTitle":"Open access glossary","introText":"Open access has many unique terms, acronyms and additional information. Read our useful glossary to discover more.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access myths","pageBlurb":"Open access (OA) is an important way to make high-quality, peer reviewed content freely available for anyone to access and view. ","linkImage":{"title":"Open access myths","description":"Bright orange dot pattern fills a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a dark orange background","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/6NIEmqNMzKKHvOHi9cLDUR/157e57a4457dce626d4c3469f15caff6/OA_Myths.png","details":{"size":50542,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"OA Myths.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"open-access-myths","introTitle":"Open access myths","introText":"Open access is an important way to make high-quality, peer reviewed content freely available for anyone to access and view. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Hybrid Open Access FAQs","pageBlurb":"Discover move about what hybrid open access is and what's possible in our frequently asked questions","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"hybrid-open-access-faqs","introTitle":"Hybrid open access - Frequently asked questions","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Eligibility checker","url":"/core/eligibility-checker","ariaLabel":"Eligibility checker"}}],"column2Heading":"Open access resources","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access resources","pageBlurb":"Find Open Access resources for authors, including; information on creative commons licences, funder mandates and policies and much more. ","linkImage":{"title":"Open Access - Resource for authors","description":"Open Access - Resource for authors image","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/nZUZJsiSdEQ92gahE9HVA/5ed0042cab7f26c29ce64460ccbbb273/Open-Access-button-v2.png","details":{"size":10991,"image":{"width":500,"height":300}},"fileName":"Open-Access-button-v2.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"A bright orange background, with light orange stripes has superimposed text in a white font that reads Open Access, resources for authors ","slug":"open-access-resources","introTitle":"Open access resources","introText":"Open access (OA) has become an important way to make research findings freely available for anyone to access and view. Open access serves authors and the wider community by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed OA content. We support and promote all forms of OA that are financially sustainable. Our open access resources page provides some essential information about the types of OA we offer.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Benefits of open access","pageBlurb":"Discover the benefits of open access on our dedicated page which covers; Discoverability and dissemination, Educational and other re-use and Public access and engagement.","linkImage":{"title":"Benefits of open access","description":"Pale yellow spot pattern fills a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a dark yellow background.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/RzyZtGBB0v0qAeZdQG2lA/b986a003757ddb9089555b2388542208/benefits_of_open_access.png","details":{"size":53285,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"benefits of open access.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Pale yellow spot pattern fills a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a dark yellow background.","slug":"benefits-of-open-access","introTitle":"Benefits of open access","introText":"Publishing open access helps to advance discovery by allowing anyone, anywhere in the world with internet access to find, access, and benefit from your research. Open access plays an important part in allowing us to fulfil our mission of furthering the advancement of learning, knowledge and research worldwide.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Creative commons licenses","pageBlurb":"Creative Commons (CC) licences play an important role in facilitating Gold Open Access publishing. They provide a legal framework for giving users the ability to freely view, download and distribute content.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"creative-commons-licenses","introTitle":"Creative Commons (CC) licences","introText":"Creative Commons (CC) licences play an important role in facilitating Gold Open Access publishing. They provide a legal framework for giving users the ability to freely view, download and distribute content.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Funder policies and mandates","pageBlurb":"Many funders around the world are introducing policies and mandates concerning public access to the research they fund. The policies vary and researchers should check the terms and conditions of their research grants.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"funder-policies-and-mandates","introTitle":"Funder policies and mandates","introText":"Many funders around the world are introducing policies and mandates concerning public access to the research they fund. The policies vary and researchers should check the terms and conditions of their research grants in order to be aware of the particular conditions they must abide by. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Article type definitions","pageBlurb":"Discover which article types are covered in transformative agreements via our dedicated article type definitions page","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"article-type-definitions","introTitle":"Article type definitions","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Convert your article to Open Access","pageBlurb":"If you would like to publish your article to Open Access, we ask that you select a creative commons licence. The CC licence you choose will determine how readers can use your content. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"convert-your-article-to-open-access","introTitle":"Publishing OA under a Read and Publish agreement","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access video resources","pageBlurb":"Comprise of Open Access (OA) Advantage: Webinar, benefits, myths, flipping journal to OA, publishing OA with Cambridge","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Comprise of Open Access (OA) Advantage: Webinar, benefits, myths, flipping journal to OA, publishing OA with Cambridge","slug":"open-access-video-resources","introTitle":"Open Access Video Resources","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-publishing"]}}],"slug":"open-access-publishing"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Open research initiatives","column1Heading":"Research transparency","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Transparency and openness","pageBlurb":"Transparency and openness are core values of academic research and are essential if new observations and discoveries are to fully contribute to advances in global knowledge. ","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","slug":"transparency-and-openness","introTitle":"Transparency and openness","introText":"Transparency and openness are core values of academic research and are essential if new observations and discoveries are to fully contribute to advances in global knowledge. Research articles serve their readers best when they provide sufficient information for new assertions and findings to be properly evaluated and built upon.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open Practice Badges","pageBlurb":"Open Practice Badges are incentives for researchers to share data, materials, or to preregister their work. They are designed to be displayed on published articles to show that authors have engaged in these open practices.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"open-practice-badges","introTitle":"Open Practice Badges","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"OA organisations, initiatives & directories","pageBlurb":"Discover more information on the Open Access organisations, initiatives and directories we are a member of.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"oa-organisations-initiatives-and-directories","introTitle":"OA organisations, initiatives and directories","introText":"Cambridge University Press is a member of a number of organisations, initiatives and directories which we have provided information on below;","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Registered Reports","pageBlurb":"Registered Reports are a publishing format developed by the Center for Open Science to incentivise and reward good research practices and study design. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"registered-reports","introTitle":"Registered Reports","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI)","pageBlurb":"Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI) is a new tool designed to facilitate transparency in qualitative and mixed-methods research. ","linkImage":{"title":"frontlist","description":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1yzIb3CIxMfQ2CTz8eswKt/8b72cfb68d75445b52d567fbe3573eb7/frontlist.JPG","details":{"size":20050,"image":{"width":334,"height":341}},"fileName":"frontlist.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"A prism reflects a spectrum of light over a white shield on a purple background. The shield represents the shape of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"annotation-for-transparent-inquiry-ati","introTitle":"Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI)","introText":"Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI) is a new tool designed to facilitate transparency in qualitative and mixed-methods research. ","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}}],"column2Heading":"Journal flips","column2StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Open access journal flips","pageBlurb":"We are transforming the vast majority of research publishing in our journals to open access by 2025. 41 journals have flipped to open access for 2024 as part of this transformation, and we are pleased to announce a further 79 flips for 2025.","linkImage":{"title":"openaccess","description":"Open access logo - a stylised open orange padlock. The logo is displayed on a grey stripped background.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/12DeiUx4ALihi8EgNJ6WB1/e1e67c2e7082bd23f1a676d4186b04b6/openaccess.JPG","details":{"size":15431,"image":{"width":432,"height":286}},"fileName":"openaccess.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Open access logo - a stylised open orange padlock. The logo is displayed on a grey stripped background.","slug":"open-access-journal-flips","introTitle":"Open access journal flips","introText":"We are transforming the vast majority of research publishing in our journals to open access by 2025. 41 journals have flipped to open access for 2024 as part of this transformation, and we are pleased to announce a further 79 flips for 2025.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"OA Journal Flip FAQs","pageBlurb":"Find answers to questions about open access journal flips for authors, readers, librarians, society members, editorial board members and publishing partners.","linkImage":{"title":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit","description":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/4PiPfW4LdMHTslTjTN19Di/d4ee372bf3c7e8ec90c169960571ceff/CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","details":{"size":73633,"image":{"width":971,"height":551}},"fileName":"CoreHomepage_PH_edit.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"An image of the night sky, showing stars and galaxies. The dark outline of a shield has been superimposed over the top. ","slug":"oa-journal-flip-faqs","introTitle":"OA Journal Flip FAQs","introText":"Find answers to questions about open access journal flips for authors, readers, librarians, society members, editorial board members and publishing partners.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}}],"column3Heading":"Flip it Open","column3StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Flip it Open","pageBlurb":"Flip it Open is our new programme which aims to fund the open access publication of titles through typical purchasing habits. Once titles meet a set amount of revenue, we have committed to make them freely available as open access books.","linkImage":{"title":"flip it open","description":"Image of a door, slightly ajar, with large pink and green balls bouncing through, against a grey background wall.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1Iumh0y51Li1h1czm7xT3s/ffb2baaf34ed6fd6ec5ecea8721a2e17/flip_it_open.JPG","details":{"size":9674,"image":{"width":354,"height":199}},"fileName":"flip it open.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Image of a door, slightly ajar, with large pink and green balls bouncing through, against a grey background wall.","slug":"flip-it-open","introTitle":"Flip it Open","introText":"Flip it Open is our new programme which aims to fund the open access publication of 100 titles through typical purchasing habits. Once titles meet a set amount of revenue, we have committed to make them freely available as open access books here on Cambridge Core and also as an affordable paperback. Just another way we're building an open future.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Flip it Open FAQs","pageBlurb":"Flip it Open is our new programme which aims to fund the open access publication of titles through typical purchasing habits. Once titles meet a set amount of revenue, we have committed to make them freely available as open access books.","linkImage":{"title":"flip it open","description":"Image of a door, slightly ajar, with large pink and green balls bouncing through, against a grey background wall.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1Iumh0y51Li1h1czm7xT3s/ffb2baaf34ed6fd6ec5ecea8721a2e17/flip_it_open.JPG","details":{"size":9674,"image":{"width":354,"height":199}},"fileName":"flip it open.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Image of a door, slightly ajar, with large pink and green balls bouncing through, against a grey background wall.","slug":"flip-it-open-faqs","introTitle":"Flip it Open FAQs","introText":"Flip it Open is our new programme which aims to fund the open access publication of 100 titles through typical purchasing habits. Once titles meet a set amount of revenue, we have committed to make them freely available as open access books here on Cambridge Core and also as an affordable paperback. Just another way we're building an open future.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-research-initiatives"]}}],"slug":"open-research-initiatives"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":"Open access funding","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Funding open access publication","pageBlurb":"We believe that journals must publish articles based on the quality of the work rather than an author's ability to pay.","linkImage":{"title":"Funding open access publication","description":"Dark orange dot pattern fills a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a bright orange background.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/7te0Mjpty44biAUabJ5RPF/d6e37cd51d396f6ec99817b89b00b235/Funding_OA.png","details":{"size":53374,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"Funding OA.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Dark orange dot pattern fills a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a bright orange background.","slug":"funding-open-access-publication","introTitle":"Funding open access publication","introText":"We believe that journals must publish articles based on the quality of the work rather than an author's ability to pay. The editorial process – including the decision of whether or not to accept an article for publication – should be independent of the author’s decision to publish Gold Open Access (OA), in cases where this is optional, as well as being independent of how the publication costs for a Gold OA article are funded.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-funding"]}},"banner":{"title":"3","description":"An image of prairie land and dusky skies with a green shield superimposed to the left.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/7lbnCGEEZDq5LJSmPTzfqB/ff8d397038089070b71384ed0ce45028/3.jpg","details":{"size":313671,"image":{"width":2560,"height":1440}},"fileName":"3.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"column1Heading":"Open access funding","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Funding open access publication","pageBlurb":"We believe that journals must publish articles based on the quality of the work rather than an author's ability to pay.","linkImage":{"title":"Funding open access publication","description":"Dark orange dot pattern fills a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a bright orange background.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/7te0Mjpty44biAUabJ5RPF/d6e37cd51d396f6ec99817b89b00b235/Funding_OA.png","details":{"size":53374,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"Funding OA.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Dark orange dot pattern fills a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo, on a bright orange background.","slug":"funding-open-access-publication","introTitle":"Funding open access publication","introText":"We believe that journals must publish articles based on the quality of the work rather than an author's ability to pay. The editorial process – including the decision of whether or not to accept an article for publication – should be independent of the author’s decision to publish Gold Open Access (OA), in cases where this is optional, as well as being independent of how the publication costs for a Gold OA article are funded.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-funding"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Cambridge Open Equity Initiative","pageBlurb":"The Cambridge Open Equity Initiative is a new pilot designed to support authors in low- and middle-income countries who wish to publish their research open access in our journals but do not have access to funding.","linkImage":{"title":"Cambridge Open Equity Initiative","description":"Blue vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/6JjuLI91OqL5yWfpDCBabw/57656fcab1c004e52e2ac5221bf45ae3/COEI.png","details":{"size":7741,"image":{"width":450,"height":270}},"fileName":"COEI.png","contentType":"image/png"}},"altText":"Blue vertical stripes fill a shield shape, representative of the Cambridge University Press logo.","slug":"cambridge-open-equity-initiative","introTitle":"Cambridge Open Equity Initiative","introText":"The Cambridge Open Equity Initiative is designed to support authors in low- and middle-income countries who wish to publish their research open access in our journals but do not have access to funding.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["open-access-funding"]}}],"slug":"open-access-funding"}},{"name":"navigationBarArea","value":{"title":" Cambridge Open Engage","hubPage":{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Cambridge Open Engage","pageBlurb":"Cambridge Open Engage is the early research platform from Cambridge University Press. The site offers researchers a new space to rapidly disseminate early and open research, including preprints, posters, presentations and conference papers.","linkImage":{"title":"COE Banner for Core","description":"COE Banner for Core","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/11sHvd1kZ8Vow8Yew8U8Cb/5f69b2462388856cfdb9984c750c6d3c/COE-banner-for-Core-1200x175.jpg","details":{"size":30597,"image":{"width":1600,"height":233}},"fileName":"COE-banner-for-Core-1200x175.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Cambridge Open Engage banner with its logo on the left side of the text and with a blue-green background color.","slug":"cambridge-open-engage","introTitle":"Cambridge Open Engage","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}},"column1Heading":" Cambridge Open Engage","column1StaticPagesOrUrls":[{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Cambridge Open Engage","pageBlurb":"Cambridge Open Engage is the early research platform from Cambridge University Press. The site offers researchers a new space to rapidly disseminate early and open research, including preprints, posters, presentations and conference papers.","linkImage":{"title":"COE Banner for Core","description":"COE Banner for Core","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/11sHvd1kZ8Vow8Yew8U8Cb/5f69b2462388856cfdb9984c750c6d3c/COE-banner-for-Core-1200x175.jpg","details":{"size":30597,"image":{"width":1600,"height":233}},"fileName":"COE-banner-for-Core-1200x175.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Cambridge Open Engage banner with its logo on the left side of the text and with a blue-green background color.","slug":"cambridge-open-engage","introTitle":"Cambridge Open Engage","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Partner With Us","pageBlurb":"We work with partners - such as learned societies, funders and departments or research centres within research institutions - in a range of ways.","linkImage":{"title":"Partner With Us","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/54Be88OUjKkNI6xbxmes8I/1196f9840ef75b6e7cf6aec599616505/partner-with-us.jpg","details":{"size":50015,"image":{"width":1250,"height":300}},"fileName":"partner-with-us.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Cambridge Open Engage Partner with Us banner with a yellow background for the Cambridge Core website.","slug":"engage-partner-with-us","introTitle":"Partner With Us","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Branded Hubs","pageBlurb":"Work with us to build your own branded space within Cambridge Open Engage. We offer partners such as learned societies, departments, and many more.","linkImage":{"title":"Branded Hubs","description":"Cambridge Open Engage logo with Branded Hubs banner with yellow background on Cambridge Core website.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1HYQfWBUMmFh5cxXT4ASk3/dd42f22e9034baad9e25666308f03055/Branded_hubs.JPG","details":{"size":13529,"image":{"width":318,"height":192}},"fileName":"Branded hubs.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Cambridge Open Engage logo with Branded Hubs banner with yellow background on Cambridge Core website.","slug":"engage-branded-hubs","introTitle":"Branded Hubs","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Event Workspaces","pageBlurb":"We offer branded event spaces where you can share outputs from events, offer commenting features allowing attendees to ask questions, and much more.","linkImage":{"title":"Event Workspaces","description":"Cambridge Open Engage with logo Event Workspaces banner with a yellow background on Cambridge Core website.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/1JNYmsm8HkoalS94741ud2/0299af5939154363dff989acb51ae3b3/Event_workspaces.JPG","details":{"size":13881,"image":{"width":320,"height":192}},"fileName":"Event workspaces.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Cambridge Open Engage with logo Event Workspaces banner with a yellow background on Cambridge Core website.","slug":"engage-event-workspaces","introTitle":"Event Workspaces","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"Partner Resources","pageBlurb":"Spread the word to your researchers by sending them to Cambridge Open Engage, or contact us if you'd like to discuss tailored messaging for your community.","linkImage":{"title":"Partner Resources","description":"Cambridge Open Engage with logo Partner Resources banner with a yellow background on Cambridge Core website.","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/2NdKUR1NBikcoqYsjp1ePQ/0838ba4b5725badec595663d5ab08147/Partner_resources.JPG","details":{"size":13317,"image":{"width":316,"height":190}},"fileName":"Partner resources.JPG","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"Cambridge Open Engage with logo Partner Resources banner with a yellow background on Cambridge Core website.","slug":"engage-partner-resources","introTitle":"Partner Resources","introText":"A selection of resources to aid partners with informing their members, staff, authors and editors about the benefits and functionality of Cambridge Open Engage.","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"APSA Preprints","pageBlurb":"APSA Preprints is a free-to-access pre-publication platform dedicated to early research outputs in political science, and developed through the collaboration of the American Political Science Association and Cambridge University Press.","linkImage":{"title":"APSA Preprints Banner","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/37QmpvOaJxxp9ksVaulObU/6ea66e49ff4f3d920eb5c43db27c02ce/APSA-Preprints.jpg","details":{"size":40928,"image":{"width":2000,"height":440}},"fileName":"APSA-Preprints.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"APSA Preprints American Political Science Association logo banner with blue and green text color at the right and a cut circle at the left.","slug":"engage-apsa-preprints","introTitle":"APSA Preprints","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}},{"name":"staticPage","value":{"pageTitle":"APSA Preprints FAQs","pageBlurb":"If you have any questions about APSA Preprints that are not addressed by the FAQs or User Guide, you can contact preprints@apsanet.org.","linkImage":{"title":"APSA Preprints Banner","description":"","file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/ulsp6w1o06p0/37QmpvOaJxxp9ksVaulObU/6ea66e49ff4f3d920eb5c43db27c02ce/APSA-Preprints.jpg","details":{"size":40928,"image":{"width":2000,"height":440}},"fileName":"APSA-Preprints.jpg","contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"altText":"APSA Preprints American Political Science Association logo banner with blue and green text color at the right and a cut circle at the left.","slug":"engage-apsa-preprints-faqs","introTitle":"APSA Preprints FAQs","contentBlocks":[],"areas":["cambridge-open-engage"]}}],"slug":"cambridge-open-engage"}}]}}],"youtube":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Youtube","url":"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTK8KRW19hUVucVRHbIx73oLKUro8HXt0","ariaLabel":"Visit Cambridge University Press Youtube account. Opens in a new tab."}},"xTwitter":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"xTwitter","url":"https://twitter.com/CambridgeCore","ariaLabel":"Visit Cambridge University Press X account. Opens in a new tab."}},"facebook":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Facebook","url":"https://www.facebook.com/CambridgeCore","ariaLabel":"Visit Cambridge University Press Facebook account. Opens in a new tab."}},"instagram":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Instagram","url":"https://www.instagram.com/cambridgeuniversitypress/","ariaLabel":"Visit Cambridge University Press Instagram account. Opens in a new tab."}},"linkedin":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/11096649","ariaLabel":"Visit Cambridge University Press Linkedin account. Opens in a new tab."}},"accessibility":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Accessibility","url":"/core/accessibility","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Core accessibility page"}},"contactAndHelp":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Contact & Help","url":"/core/help/FAQs","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Core contact & help page"}},"legalNotices":{"name":"url","value":{"title":"Legal notices","url":"/core/legal-notices/terms","ariaLabel":"Cambridge Core legal notices page"}}}},"locations":[{"id":"4cceb186-9e0f-4a5c-9cae-5fb7faf7c98e","alpha2Code":"AF","alpha3Code":"AFG","shortName":"Afghanistan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"1","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7a8af489-758b-4a78-832d-dd9e754b5512","alpha2Code":"AX","alpha3Code":"ALA","shortName":"Aland Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"240","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6ec2aa7c-8144-4413-9a53-1e477c4c836a","alpha2Code":"AL","alpha3Code":"ALB","shortName":"Albania","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"2","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"522e3e12-6761-4d4d-bcaa-eb24f87aec05","alpha2Code":"DZ","alpha3Code":"DZA","shortName":"Algeria","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"3","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a01524a2-a472-44b6-9ebe-a61fd156973d","alpha2Code":"AS","alpha3Code":"ASM","shortName":"American Samoa","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"4","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"8317dd2d-d1f4-4009-ad3c-457ab2ba3a14","alpha2Code":"AD","alpha3Code":"AND","shortName":"Andorra","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"5","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"1bf09008-eab9-4805-bdd4-2158a298f1f9","alpha2Code":"AO","alpha3Code":"AGO","shortName":"Angola","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"6","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"ea735233-adeb-4652-8f09-22420fc62809","alpha2Code":"AI","alpha3Code":"AIA","shortName":"Anguilla","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"7","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"20d19e9e-af37-4d13-a146-799796d8b6c0","alpha2Code":"AQ","alpha3Code":"ATA","shortName":"Antarctica","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"8","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"075b9cdb-8bcd-4afa-bea8-38fcb3a91d03","alpha2Code":"AG","alpha3Code":"ATG","shortName":"Antigua and Barbuda","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"9","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"5e891ca3-69c1-429c-9673-4b0ca191b8f4","alpha2Code":"AR","alpha3Code":"ARG","shortName":"Argentina","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"10","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0ee9aa6f-ad1f-4760-95d4-4d233a39b6fe","alpha2Code":"AM","alpha3Code":"ARM","shortName":"Armenia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"11","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"c01b6345-36af-4b5e-804b-81e4def241ff","alpha2Code":"AW","alpha3Code":"ABW","shortName":"Aruba","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"12","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"49d6f1dc-ca68-42f8-9f0f-3906decfe986","alpha2Code":"AU","alpha3Code":"AUS","shortName":"Australia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"13","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"AUD","ecommLabel":"Total (incl. GST)","sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f8c6231d-104b-45f9-b8bd-59d058c26617","alpha2Code":"AT","alpha3Code":"AUT","shortName":"Austria","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"14","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e6898057-dce5-4267-9839-6f246dc56655","alpha2Code":"AZ","alpha3Code":"AZE","shortName":"Azerbaijan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"15","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"5303e81f-50eb-474d-9de4-642d76633624","alpha2Code":"BS","alpha3Code":"BHS","shortName":"Bahamas","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"16","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"b39f1489-b2e0-4c8c-af10-6c1a1d1d51c8","alpha2Code":"BH","alpha3Code":"BHR","shortName":"Bahrain","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"17","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"813ffe7c-1bdc-43b7-a14c-ffe7d7c0da9d","alpha2Code":"BD","alpha3Code":"BGD","shortName":"Bangladesh","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"18","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"D","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"5e8eb00f-958a-440e-b98d-d3c0d7fc98c3","alpha2Code":"BB","alpha3Code":"BRB","shortName":"Barbados","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"19","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"3046521d-29d4-40f3-853e-3f401ead4807","alpha2Code":"BY","alpha3Code":"BLR","shortName":"Belarus","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"20","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f1e88a22-8adc-4a00-bbb2-a99ec1b6ec39","alpha2Code":"BE","alpha3Code":"BEL","shortName":"Belgium","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"21","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"1823ccfc-72e0-4af3-bba7-74ef903f39c5","alpha2Code":"BZ","alpha3Code":"BLZ","shortName":"Belize","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"22","cupBranch":"O","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"05e40998-408c-474d-9d60-bc9d29780ef6","alpha2Code":"BJ","alpha3Code":"BEN","shortName":"Benin","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"23","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"76d1cd2b-973d-4f95-ae34-60dae74043da","alpha2Code":"BM","alpha3Code":"BMU","shortName":"Bermuda","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"24","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"d9890163-5116-4417-aff7-73eee8cf767b","alpha2Code":"BT","alpha3Code":"BTN","shortName":"Bhutan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"25","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"D","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"2c1cf90a-805b-461b-a568-d5123004356a","alpha2Code":"BO","alpha3Code":"BOL","shortName":"Bolivia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"26","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"80dac76f-ee03-48f1-bbad-f2dd3a05b557","alpha2Code":"BA","alpha3Code":"BIH","shortName":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"241","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"83ded62f-d6fa-4269-8389-6bb6d3530551","alpha2Code":"BW","alpha3Code":"BWA","shortName":"Botswana","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"28","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"1f520814-af4f-4c4f-94ba-9d2f33b1c1f8","alpha2Code":"BV","alpha3Code":"BVT","shortName":"Bouvet Island","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"29","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"3f620225-dde7-4487-a6a1-bb59b383a939","alpha2Code":"BR","alpha3Code":"BRA","shortName":"Brazil","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"30","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"218df5a9-9145-46cd-927c-09d58d5f9dd5","alpha2Code":"IO","alpha3Code":"IOT","shortName":"British Indian Ocean Territory","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"31","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"874a057f-d7b0-413d-a102-b900fa63d3c7","alpha2Code":"BN","alpha3Code":"BRN","shortName":"Brunei Darussalam","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"32","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f8fcfe8b-de4f-4249-82a9-b25c53f752a7","alpha2Code":"BG","alpha3Code":"BGR","shortName":"Bulgaria","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"33","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"825c267c-010c-4686-9e3a-8d9a102481d9","alpha2Code":"BF","alpha3Code":"BFA","shortName":"Burkina Faso","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"34","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"c64375a9-61b0-44d2-94de-43fc25389cfc","alpha2Code":"BI","alpha3Code":"BDI","shortName":"Burundi","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"35","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f571cf28-91cb-4c0d-8a4b-debd3047ab42","alpha2Code":"KH","alpha3Code":"KHM","shortName":"Cambodia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"36","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"5ee10546-d2a4-40c8-b221-02baac2aceb7","alpha2Code":"CM","alpha3Code":"CMR","shortName":"Cameroon","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"37","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"df5651a0-e129-4f1b-b6ad-2f2dc1a61f70","alpha2Code":"CA","alpha3Code":"CAN","shortName":"Canada","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"38","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"fb011ad1-74ca-4235-a7ba-5003ba82e3de","alpha2Code":"CV","alpha3Code":"CPV","shortName":"Cape Verde","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"39","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f38f6d00-c96d-4362-b92f-8eb37b011f40","alpha2Code":"KY","alpha3Code":"CYM","shortName":"Cayman Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"40","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"c0add3c3-c40b-4cda-b80f-acf3b8e0224e","alpha2Code":"CF","alpha3Code":"CAF","shortName":"Central African Republic","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"41","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"579966ba-d860-4886-94d0-e67d02f84a3e","alpha2Code":"TD","alpha3Code":"TCD","shortName":"Chad","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"42","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"b2179410-845b-4891-8e62-968eb7eb1b9e","alpha2Code":"IM","alpha3Code":"IMN","shortName":"Channel Islands, Isle of Man","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"243","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"621336c2-1da9-432a-9c7b-d3d5839ed6ab","alpha2Code":"CL","alpha3Code":"CHL","shortName":"Chile","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"43","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"296c1d80-767f-4036-912b-5f73422f1a22","alpha2Code":"CN","alpha3Code":"CHN","shortName":"China","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"44","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":1,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"eb60ae74-39b7-4400-bf55-0d65502a6c73","alpha2Code":"CX","alpha3Code":"CXR","shortName":"Christmas Island","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"45","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"048a93ca-514c-42cc-b460-cf620e540eb0","alpha2Code":"CC","alpha3Code":"CCK","shortName":"Cocos (Keeling) Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"46","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"93f3e798-c2b9-4240-be44-9e1b60e837cc","alpha2Code":"CO","alpha3Code":"COL","shortName":"Colombia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"47","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9b9db9aa-5411-4d1d-b663-f090006a0f07","alpha2Code":"KM","alpha3Code":"COM","shortName":"Comoros","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"48","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"893b2388-9613-4a21-b513-7cb3af28ca02","alpha2Code":"CG","alpha3Code":"COG","shortName":"Congo","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"49","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"1f635c2a-859c-45e7-9c82-6b985d327344","alpha2Code":"CD","alpha3Code":"COD","shortName":"Congo, The Democratic Republic of the","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"242","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e1b80aee-0209-4a3f-bbd1-eb7eaf5b8d4a","alpha2Code":"CK","alpha3Code":"COK","shortName":"Cook Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"50","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"801c58d4-4ad9-42a6-867d-71e9aa0fa6fd","alpha2Code":"CR","alpha3Code":"CRI","shortName":"Costa Rica","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"51","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7b6c730a-0a5a-4404-b790-98d5795ef876","alpha2Code":"CI","alpha3Code":"CIV","shortName":"Cote D'Ivoire","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"52","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e223963e-bacb-4397-b9d4-a2b6089ed2df","alpha2Code":"HR","alpha3Code":"HRV","shortName":"Croatia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"53","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"2b7a9450-97e2-482d-b493-dec2c8d6271a","alpha2Code":"CU","alpha3Code":"CUB","shortName":"Cuba","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"54","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":1,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9c1673be-ad0d-4ace-beb1-bc90aa7aaa81","alpha2Code":"CY","alpha3Code":"CYP","shortName":"Cyprus","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"55","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a882aa2a-0c36-463c-8bcc-f7a39b4afc30","alpha2Code":"CZ","alpha3Code":"CZE","shortName":"Czech Republic","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"56","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"2c65e5f6-06d7-47f5-96b1-a4de391bd665","alpha2Code":"DK","alpha3Code":"DNK","shortName":"Denmark","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"57","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"27fc0d3d-d582-408c-aba4-405b9d47561f","alpha2Code":"DJ","alpha3Code":"DJI","shortName":"Djibouti","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"58","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0ca16a87-f6e1-4d66-b97a-a2b0d0c47a12","alpha2Code":"DM","alpha3Code":"DMA","shortName":"Dominica","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"59","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e81463fc-6dca-4065-b460-3788de92c400","alpha2Code":"DO","alpha3Code":"DOM","shortName":"Dominican Republic","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"60","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"Q","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e36b7e41-87f5-4cf2-b989-e98cf2302c15","alpha2Code":"TP","alpha3Code":"TMP","shortName":"East Timor","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"61","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0a3f7221-8e0b-4544-87aa-39d757fea3b8","alpha2Code":"EC","alpha3Code":"ECU","shortName":"Ecuador","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"62","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"6f4e6491-3e03-4c7f-9150-7bfa50ee6432","alpha2Code":"EG","alpha3Code":"EGY","shortName":"Egypt","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"63","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"43351744-5158-4569-a9a8-946c9ac2245a","alpha2Code":"SV","alpha3Code":"SLV","shortName":"El Salvador","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"64","cupBranch":"O","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7000fd0d-4dc6-4d1a-90fe-e5353a407af5","alpha2Code":"GQ","alpha3Code":"GNQ","shortName":"Equatorial Guinea","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"65","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"20a43d20-1135-4a18-8c6a-6bcd6f9793b1","alpha2Code":"ER","alpha3Code":"ERI","shortName":"Eritrea","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"66","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"be3990d4-098b-4294-ae25-5b5b5ad4079c","alpha2Code":"EE","alpha3Code":"EST","shortName":"Estonia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"67","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"57314c79-55a8-4792-8365-6a2ba72a104a","alpha2Code":"ET","alpha3Code":"ETH","shortName":"Ethiopia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"68","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"fa4b8ced-ff82-4ca9-9452-caad93f772fb","alpha2Code":"FK","alpha3Code":"FLK","shortName":"Falkland Islands (Malvinas)","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"69","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"45c3a918-4f45-4640-b62e-5a41cb3a7f90","alpha2Code":"FO","alpha3Code":"FRO","shortName":"Faroe Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"70","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a2f4e53e-19ba-4795-83c6-616f537e57b3","alpha2Code":"FJ","alpha3Code":"FJI","shortName":"Fiji","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"71","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"865d0154-f45c-44f1-93f0-f2ea86ea51fc","alpha2Code":"FI","alpha3Code":"FIN","shortName":"Finland","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"72","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"05dd7d5d-8a87-43e0-85c7-8c759916e772","alpha2Code":"FR","alpha3Code":"FRA","shortName":"France","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"73","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"03497ee5-48ee-4cdc-b775-0ade025586d4","alpha2Code":"GF","alpha3Code":"GUF","shortName":"French Guiana","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"75","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"791e2817-e292-4258-beb9-2a6c94bb5d69","alpha2Code":"PF","alpha3Code":"PYF","shortName":"French Polynesia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"76","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"bb9290d9-fb8e-4529-baf9-b27e5528980d","alpha2Code":"TF","alpha3Code":"ATF","shortName":"French Southern Territories","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"77","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"afaa83a3-f2db-4be0-bdca-5453f35f1ae7","alpha2Code":"GA","alpha3Code":"GAB","shortName":"Gabon","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"78","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"68325bad-f70d-4ffd-b67c-5de5ebdfecbd","alpha2Code":"GM","alpha3Code":"GMB","shortName":"Gambia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"79","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a9a68e5f-bb52-481d-bbe6-b652ac54f20d","alpha2Code":"GE","alpha3Code":"GEO","shortName":"Georgia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"80","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"94230303-e27a-4c7e-83c0-59f3b65cb72b","alpha2Code":"DE","alpha3Code":"DEU","shortName":"Germany","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"81","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"40151893-12fb-4cc2-8564-33d43fcdb38b","alpha2Code":"GH","alpha3Code":"GHA","shortName":"Ghana","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"82","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"fcb90596-ccc1-4c0d-9c21-12786102ca92","alpha2Code":"GI","alpha3Code":"GIB","shortName":"Gibraltar","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"83","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"51d2507a-91a0-43cd-824b-a7cbd20bb1f6","alpha2Code":"GR","alpha3Code":"GRC","shortName":"Greece","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"84","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"30514745-a50b-448e-90d9-c3bf603f9218","alpha2Code":"GL","alpha3Code":"GRL","shortName":"Greenland","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"85","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"80e039ef-ccd8-4d9c-9651-01a75dbd2b18","alpha2Code":"GD","alpha3Code":"GRD","shortName":"Grenada","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"86","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"cb2cecc3-84ae-4a09-b0c5-1e2e94274264","alpha2Code":"GP","alpha3Code":"GLP","shortName":"Guadeloupe","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"87","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"187928f6-cd34-4669-b48a-077f7562c651","alpha2Code":"GU","alpha3Code":"GUM","shortName":"Guam","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"88","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"3cf99d09-1a9d-4e56-b0ff-a3f886a242dd","alpha2Code":"GT","alpha3Code":"GTM","shortName":"Guatemala","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"89","cupBranch":"O","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0c0bd020-ee8f-458b-84ba-c4969b8f3d9e","alpha2Code":"GG","alpha3Code":"GGY","shortName":"Guernsey","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"256","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"05f3afe1-7c4f-4ca2-962d-0db4aa6b410c","alpha2Code":"GN","alpha3Code":"GIN","shortName":"Guinea","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"90","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"2f917b45-0301-4eca-bf2c-3644498bb848","alpha2Code":"GW","alpha3Code":"GNB","shortName":"Guinea-bissau","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"91","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"dcaf4941-7baa-41b4-9b00-3464cd91eff9","alpha2Code":"GY","alpha3Code":"GUY","shortName":"Guyana","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"92","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"c33a6cf0-d4fc-443d-b9e6-d42f630d1af2","alpha2Code":"HT","alpha3Code":"HTI","shortName":"Haiti","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"93","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e6179487-b4ca-4d8f-92ab-a7864b84f85d","alpha2Code":"HM","alpha3Code":"HMD","shortName":"Heard and Mc Donald Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"94","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"d11f91c5-5187-4d08-b48d-9077a0768435","alpha2Code":"HN","alpha3Code":"HND","shortName":"Honduras","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"95","cupBranch":"O","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"b67c3d03-f527-4dbd-a07d-01a82bef1107","alpha2Code":"HK","alpha3Code":"HKG","shortName":"Hong Kong","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"96","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"47b97900-a473-4bf5-981b-9de200e6b34f","alpha2Code":"HU","alpha3Code":"HUN","shortName":"Hungary","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"97","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"614cb0b5-e364-44d9-8c58-ff8d88a58156","alpha2Code":"IS","alpha3Code":"ISL","shortName":"Iceland","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"98","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"bd34cc15-3c6e-40a6-a0d4-e5d564a28536","alpha2Code":"IN","alpha3Code":"IND","shortName":"India","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"99","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"D","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"87f30ea0-a22f-40b0-aeb6-6a35d7f32bf3","alpha2Code":"ID","alpha3Code":"IDN","shortName":"Indonesia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"100","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"c01d7696-a9ab-4703-9e1a-78e5607d9352","alpha2Code":"IR","alpha3Code":"IRN","shortName":"Iran, Islamic Republic of","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"244","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":1,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0ceb019d-6fbd-4deb-9f86-024807ca8aa2","alpha2Code":"IQ","alpha3Code":"IRQ","shortName":"Iraq","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"102","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"84740583-b333-4f4a-8a42-3a211eaa7af3","alpha2Code":"IE","alpha3Code":"IRL","shortName":"Ireland","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"103","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"979019bc-315b-4619-9a23-9eb96fa30b42","alpha2Code":"IL","alpha3Code":"ISR","shortName":"Israel","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"104","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a0301abd-eeaf-4e34-b578-328b434dce05","alpha2Code":"IT","alpha3Code":"ITA","shortName":"Italy","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"105","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a082a2fa-fece-4cda-978a-af61bb51f297","alpha2Code":"JM","alpha3Code":"JAM","shortName":"Jamaica","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"106","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e0d7d043-51c6-4e34-8609-0f26b56bbaa3","alpha2Code":"JP","alpha3Code":"JPN","shortName":"Japan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"107","cupBranch":"F","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"cf6cbfe5-435d-4f16-b202-b75935b9bfd1","alpha2Code":"JE","alpha3Code":"JEY","shortName":"Jersey","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"254","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"301a18e0-a4ff-4454-b99a-1f7ddaf960fc","alpha2Code":"JO","alpha3Code":"JOR","shortName":"Jordan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"108","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a2be4056-1959-41fd-b83b-a1a6e6790668","alpha2Code":"KZ","alpha3Code":"KAZ","shortName":"Kazakhstan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"109","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"8a09cfd7-9e32-461f-9814-51cf3d205afa","alpha2Code":"KE","alpha3Code":"KEN","shortName":"Kenya","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"110","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0e97bf1b-5058-4bcf-9e56-e3e59ec097bf","alpha2Code":"KI","alpha3Code":"KIR","shortName":"Kiribati","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"111","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f78723d2-da0d-4208-b398-d64225f3db40","alpha2Code":"KP","alpha3Code":"PRK","shortName":"Korea, Democratic People's Republic of","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"112","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":1,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"77f81edb-1401-4d4a-a221-6e17780dcc64","alpha2Code":"KR","alpha3Code":"KOR","shortName":"Korea, Republic of","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"113","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e4f2006174dd3a2b0174f952ffbb141b","alpha2Code":"XK","alpha3Code":"UNK","shortName":"Kosovo","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"0","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"d309f426-ed06-491e-af88-ae18beb738d3","alpha2Code":"KW","alpha3Code":"KWT","shortName":"Kuwait","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"114","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"8be878e2-8c54-4b7c-b0b4-45f440cc39a4","alpha2Code":"KG","alpha3Code":"KGZ","shortName":"Kyrgyzstan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"115","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"22b8d6c8-a08f-4ce2-b547-c075e7402d5d","alpha2Code":"LA","alpha3Code":"LAO","shortName":"Lao People's Democratic Republic","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"116","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"66842dc2-54f5-4545-8fe9-10825844cd0b","alpha2Code":"LV","alpha3Code":"LVA","shortName":"Latvia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"117","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f2344dfd-803e-438b-b83b-2d83411344f5","alpha2Code":"LB","alpha3Code":"LBN","shortName":"Lebanon","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"118","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"cf97eb3b-a38a-4d0a-a86d-3c62af7cc102","alpha2Code":"LS","alpha3Code":"LSO","shortName":"Lesotho","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"119","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0d696510-0141-46c3-a9dd-73032d1dc369","alpha2Code":"LR","alpha3Code":"LBR","shortName":"Liberia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"120","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e8da5281-6f13-4500-844c-af6e50a1817d","alpha2Code":"LY","alpha3Code":"LBY","shortName":"Libyan Arab Jamahiriya","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"121","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9e30228c-05f0-465e-8227-9deb4392ec80","alpha2Code":"LI","alpha3Code":"LIE","shortName":"Liechtenstein","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"122","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f18fcd58-f002-4a29-bddd-88ab368390e4","alpha2Code":"LT","alpha3Code":"LTU","shortName":"Lithuania","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"123","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"bf550d77-9986-49c0-bda6-f8df4a33731b","alpha2Code":"LU","alpha3Code":"LUX","shortName":"Luxembourg","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"124","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6142574e-44d7-4df3-b80f-11e0a1ffa8e1","alpha2Code":"MO","alpha3Code":"MAC","shortName":"Macau","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"125","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"b61d957a-4d6a-46a1-9df6-eafbd496bcc4","alpha2Code":"MK","alpha3Code":"MKD","shortName":"Macedonia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"247","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f9c8f20a-0224-4405-a2b4-2dddeb899216","alpha2Code":"MG","alpha3Code":"MDG","shortName":"Madagascar","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"127","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a1e24326-20ed-4e87-a4b5-852bcba55fc7","alpha2Code":"MW","alpha3Code":"MWI","shortName":"Malawi","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"128","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"55e049f1-34d1-4a72-84db-6b20eb50be32","alpha2Code":"MY","alpha3Code":"MYS","shortName":"Malaysia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"129","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"b43dce9c-06f7-489e-b21b-1b581fd1b376","alpha2Code":"MV","alpha3Code":"MDV","shortName":"Maldives","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"130","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"D","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f2186aa4-a2e6-472e-b953-e2cff11e723a","alpha2Code":"ML","alpha3Code":"MLI","shortName":"Mali","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"131","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7a0ab8e8-39b3-4db9-bf76-fc6788ab0791","alpha2Code":"MT","alpha3Code":"MLT","shortName":"Malta","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"132","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"851a02c7-636d-4906-9178-375d5dca7138","alpha2Code":"MH","alpha3Code":"MHL","shortName":"Marshall Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"133","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"33938e2e-84d6-47f9-af01-6544c2556a5f","alpha2Code":"MQ","alpha3Code":"MTQ","shortName":"Martinique","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"134","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"ee4f5569-bdd1-407b-957d-d1242217c485","alpha2Code":"MR","alpha3Code":"MRT","shortName":"Mauritania","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"135","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9eab61a4-b4e2-4a36-a057-f5db49aea119","alpha2Code":"MU","alpha3Code":"MUS","shortName":"Mauritius","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"136","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"68048470-cbf1-46b1-8f48-69d4c29c111e","alpha2Code":"YT","alpha3Code":"MYT","shortName":"Mayotte","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"137","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"2870e1d0-f8d8-44fc-8b14-f7edb8503b86","alpha2Code":"MX","alpha3Code":"MEX","shortName":"Mexico","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"138","cupBranch":"O","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7c3a61f7-61e4-4675-af2d-0e42f46cf477","alpha2Code":"FM","alpha3Code":"FSM","shortName":"Micronesia, Federated States of","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"139","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"d6389849-d545-4980-99a2-541aa9b9ee17","alpha2Code":"MD","alpha3Code":"MDA","shortName":"Moldova, Republic of","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"140","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"379a1832-9838-44d1-b577-184ca5f5daff","alpha2Code":"MC","alpha3Code":"MCO","shortName":"Monaco","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"141","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"cc8ff54a-a9e7-41f4-b3c6-f63599d081e1","alpha2Code":"MN","alpha3Code":"MNG","shortName":"Mongolia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"142","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6d6467a5-7349-4779-b335-631dda710c21","alpha2Code":"ME","alpha3Code":"MNE","shortName":"Montenegro","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"246","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a53aa839-afc4-4570-9d12-3733f9afd851","alpha2Code":"MS","alpha3Code":"MSR","shortName":"Montserrat","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"143","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6db8c37d-c5a0-43db-812f-539c8ff3dd8a","alpha2Code":"MA","alpha3Code":"MAR","shortName":"Morocco","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"144","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"730b89e1-8ee5-47cf-a292-28758e3a7f20","alpha2Code":"MZ","alpha3Code":"MOZ","shortName":"Mozambique","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"145","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"5ce552e1-eedc-4350-a4c6-f6a2898def41","alpha2Code":"MM","alpha3Code":"MMR","shortName":"Myanmar","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"146","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"63b3ee95-fe51-4901-a7ae-fc0bc2cd81df","alpha2Code":"NA","alpha3Code":"NAM","shortName":"Namibia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"147","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"d3ae3784-58d2-48ee-a6f1-9749a339c902","alpha2Code":"NR","alpha3Code":"NRU","shortName":"Nauru","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"148","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"042203fb-c380-4c2b-8d90-f97239823d9f","alpha2Code":"NP","alpha3Code":"NPL","shortName":"Nepal","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"149","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"D","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"8623257e-9ce6-4fd7-aff5-1858ca8c1545","alpha2Code":"NL","alpha3Code":"NLD","shortName":"Netherlands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"150","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"97a6b88a-5cea-4541-ad90-ea14531d1e89","alpha2Code":"AN","alpha3Code":"ANT","shortName":"Netherlands Antilles","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"151","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"8129284e-e369-4380-be57-644541694140","alpha2Code":"NC","alpha3Code":"NCL","shortName":"New Caledonia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"152","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"fa967094-29de-42a2-99e4-2a8deb0eecc3","alpha2Code":"NZ","alpha3Code":"NZL","shortName":"New Zealand","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"153","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":"Total (incl. GST)","sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"20c4ce92-62d7-447a-98e7-48722dbc7f8c","alpha2Code":"NI","alpha3Code":"NIC","shortName":"Nicaragua","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"154","cupBranch":"O","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"39d2607b-d95e-48bc-8722-9af51474faac","alpha2Code":"NE","alpha3Code":"NER","shortName":"Niger","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"155","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0e6848ae-cbc9-4e95-8c06-193a6025a20a","alpha2Code":"NG","alpha3Code":"NGA","shortName":"Nigeria","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"156","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"825aee1c-2546-432c-a8ce-fe8533971658","alpha2Code":"NU","alpha3Code":"NIU","shortName":"Niue","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"157","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"798cfed5-ffd1-40d0-bd63-6ea5438b0511","alpha2Code":"NF","alpha3Code":"NFK","shortName":"Norfolk Island","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"158","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e0ea495c-ad0d-4de3-a171-896216b1406a","alpha2Code":"MP","alpha3Code":"MNP","shortName":"Northern Mariana Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"159","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"acd087bf-0c83-4c18-83a7-b8d08cdfd5ac","alpha2Code":"NO","alpha3Code":"NOR","shortName":"Norway","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"160","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6cafeb12-f2c3-46ef-b9e2-3e5eb010f605","alpha2Code":"OM","alpha3Code":"OMN","shortName":"Oman","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"161","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"92af6c5d-aa6e-4f19-8260-7a9965860a59","alpha2Code":"PK","alpha3Code":"PAK","shortName":"Pakistan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"162","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"cfbd5050-98fe-4def-a217-98cece6f0237","alpha2Code":"PW","alpha3Code":"PLW","shortName":"Palau","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"163","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"bb3310cf-b407-416e-b3d9-523e2ce1d794","alpha2Code":"PS","alpha3Code":"PSE","shortName":"Palestinian Territory, Occupied","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"248","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e2f744c2-e5d0-491e-aa88-1421e18615bc","alpha2Code":"PA","alpha3Code":"PAN","shortName":"Panama","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"164","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"2688a966-22e0-4d18-b5f0-c1e2e2ad65d0","alpha2Code":"PG","alpha3Code":"PNG","shortName":"Papua New Guinea","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"165","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9f7b77ce-3572-417d-bbbf-22d90f13f704","alpha2Code":"PY","alpha3Code":"PRY","shortName":"Paraguay","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"166","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"4da3ee97-6df0-470d-98cf-562df8c8d164","alpha2Code":"PE","alpha3Code":"PER","shortName":"Peru","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"167","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0f106ec3-9de4-4f85-bb09-26d7830bbdf4","alpha2Code":"PH","alpha3Code":"PHL","shortName":"Philippines","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"168","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9c5b6ddf-210d-44ff-82b6-9ad51f915b83","alpha2Code":"PN","alpha3Code":"PCN","shortName":"Pitcairn","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"169","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"927b1ada-bf62-47c5-bbc0-df990fb2f818","alpha2Code":"PL","alpha3Code":"POL","shortName":"Poland","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"170","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9b7febfc-d8ae-417c-9d43-e48a46dc4da8","alpha2Code":"PT","alpha3Code":"PRT","shortName":"Portugal","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"171","cupBranch":"I","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7bdc01da-9217-4e89-9976-fa3c171419bd","alpha2Code":"PR","alpha3Code":"PRI","shortName":"Puerto Rico","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"172","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"988553d3-7531-425e-9de8-94e45fdd9d18","alpha2Code":"QA","alpha3Code":"QAT","shortName":"Qatar","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"173","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"3afbb3fb-e115-43d4-b08e-cf0924bd652e","alpha2Code":"RE","alpha3Code":"REU","shortName":"Reunion","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"174","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a7590f7b-5da8-4887-aeee-f62ac89e7d73","alpha2Code":"RO","alpha3Code":"ROM","shortName":"Romania","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"175","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"927c85b7-545c-4c47-bf16-dece1a52bf76","alpha2Code":"RU","alpha3Code":"RUS","shortName":"Russian Federation","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"176","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":1,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0142ee9b-ef89-4a7f-8e5d-1560f14a849d","alpha2Code":"RW","alpha3Code":"RWA","shortName":"Rwanda","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"177","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"26ae3d8f-411c-4617-9e9f-e0240920ccff","alpha2Code":"KN","alpha3Code":"KNA","shortName":"Saint Kitts and Nevis","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"178","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"30aacdef-10e4-43bb-bc98-4a6764cb1636","alpha2Code":"LC","alpha3Code":"LCA","shortName":"Saint Lucia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"179","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"8a4e3f48-2458-4cd1-ade0-36e6a51d3508","alpha2Code":"VC","alpha3Code":"VCT","shortName":"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"180","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"40904289-77be-48b6-94fc-962f1f4af37d","alpha2Code":"WS","alpha3Code":"WSM","shortName":"Samoa","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"181","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"697b639c-700f-4829-aafd-0aef39d0b2ae","alpha2Code":"SM","alpha3Code":"SMR","shortName":"San Marino","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"182","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"620b7524-57af-4fc6-a18d-84983311633b","alpha2Code":"ST","alpha3Code":"STP","shortName":"Sao Tome and Principe","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"183","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"831a8227-0d4c-4bef-991b-d81f06aafbf4","alpha2Code":"SA","alpha3Code":"SAU","shortName":"Saudi Arabia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"184","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"0927ed95-6d83-450f-b038-f2960f2dad79","alpha2Code":"SN","alpha3Code":"SEN","shortName":"Senegal","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"185","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"d99ef40c-1a85-4077-881d-2f4c7c6f3046","alpha2Code":"RS","alpha3Code":"SRB","shortName":"Serbia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"249","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"7bb7c2ce-5a84-4f0b-9ed4-d054ff932a0d","alpha2Code":"SC","alpha3Code":"SYC","shortName":"Seychelles","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"186","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"5ae5bac7-79d4-4073-9f1f-7e9961b85b52","alpha2Code":"SL","alpha3Code":"SLE","shortName":"Sierra Leone","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"187","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"bc064ea8-099f-4a8a-a386-48431dabd194","alpha2Code":"SG","alpha3Code":"SGP","shortName":"Singapore","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"188","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"84e588f5-00f9-4992-a722-8bd05a47a68a","alpha2Code":"SK","alpha3Code":"SVK","shortName":"Slovakia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"250","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"ec5419a0-4f83-46e5-9f14-653580687402","alpha2Code":"SI","alpha3Code":"SVN","shortName":"Slovenia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"190","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e034000d-6fb7-4420-a23e-09af7c2ef1a5","alpha2Code":"SB","alpha3Code":"SLB","shortName":"Solomon Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"191","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"b4e18b13-68f5-4680-b634-c03793a9287b","alpha2Code":"SO","alpha3Code":"SOM","shortName":"Somalia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"192","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"11227fdf-051a-4520-89ef-315a5a39ec16","alpha2Code":"ZA","alpha3Code":"ZAF","shortName":"South Africa","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"193","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"2605c280-574a-4670-bb14-93f0ee29063f","alpha2Code":"GS","alpha3Code":"SGS","shortName":"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"194","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e4f2006174dd3a2b0174f94f00cc140b","alpha2Code":"SS","alpha3Code":"SSD","shortName":"South Sudan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"0","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"27f58fe2-7c39-486f-ac6a-26da3b68225b","alpha2Code":"ES","alpha3Code":"ESP","shortName":"Spain","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"195","cupBranch":"I","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9fe0fd0a-27d6-4723-8ceb-eaf40b45f064","alpha2Code":"LK","alpha3Code":"LKA","shortName":"Sri Lanka","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"196","cupBranch":"D","cupRegion":"D","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"8740a5ed-79e0-42a5-9769-6e6f035ff78b","alpha2Code":"SH","alpha3Code":"SHN","shortName":"St. Helena","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"197","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"16b75816-519b-43d4-81a4-10292ea39d1a","alpha2Code":"PM","alpha3Code":"SPM","shortName":"St. Pierre and Miquelon","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"198","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"5d27adfe-e461-4a2e-8703-5ec9ac6c1241","alpha2Code":"SD","alpha3Code":"SDN","shortName":"Sudan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"199","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6a7a0bf9-1b4d-4cc9-bf4f-fcef994b6716","alpha2Code":"SR","alpha3Code":"SUR","shortName":"Suriname","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"200","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"Q","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"874d22e5-1e92-4125-87ab-3471711ee562","alpha2Code":"SJ","alpha3Code":"SJM","shortName":"Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"201","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"233630f3-d0d7-46df-836b-cef65edd0705","alpha2Code":"SZ","alpha3Code":"SWZ","shortName":"Swaziland","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"202","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"161e0c12-5539-472d-8681-47d12e0f7c87","alpha2Code":"SE","alpha3Code":"SWE","shortName":"Sweden","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"203","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e418e58e-6977-42f0-90f9-1edeb74c9620","alpha2Code":"CH","alpha3Code":"CHE","shortName":"Switzerland","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"204","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"970c958c-d257-4243-996c-5cf54a892450","alpha2Code":"SY","alpha3Code":"SYR","shortName":"Syrian Arab Republic","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"205","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":1,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"bb572853-7dfb-45b9-8d72-5d65f614e2d1","alpha2Code":"TW","alpha3Code":"TWN","shortName":"Taiwan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"206","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"115100c9-86b0-481e-9960-b19253485425","alpha2Code":"TJ","alpha3Code":"TJK","shortName":"Tajikistan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"207","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"43093a64-4dfb-49a0-ac35-a81d3ba8680d","alpha2Code":"TZ","alpha3Code":"TZA","shortName":"Tanzania, United Republic of","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"208","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"9de26d08-cbd0-46dd-95c3-d26c11b91ad9","alpha2Code":"TH","alpha3Code":"THA","shortName":"Thailand","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"209","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"e4f2006174dd3a2b0174f938e23413f1","alpha2Code":"TL","alpha3Code":"TLS","shortName":"Timor-Leste","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"0","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"396a394b-48bd-491d-8783-8e92c49cbf9c","alpha2Code":"TG","alpha3Code":"TGO","shortName":"Togo","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"210","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"c0ea7925-a0ec-4827-b13d-d7dc3666132a","alpha2Code":"TK","alpha3Code":"TKL","shortName":"Tokelau","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"211","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7f008c68-9ed3-444d-9fb7-fdcd6def32e8","alpha2Code":"TO","alpha3Code":"TON","shortName":"Tonga","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"212","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6cc3a480-5cc3-4aaa-b464-3a4638710353","alpha2Code":"TT","alpha3Code":"TTO","shortName":"Trinidad and Tobago","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"213","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"f8df523a-eb8b-4971-b5c0-d46bfc28d25e","alpha2Code":"TN","alpha3Code":"TUN","shortName":"Tunisia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"214","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"c92bc644-fdae-4111-9393-78a5d845a49d","alpha2Code":"TR","alpha3Code":"TUR","shortName":"Türkiye","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"215","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"63efbcff-1e4b-4821-99c1-d67174df50db","alpha2Code":"TM","alpha3Code":"TKM","shortName":"Turkmenistan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"216","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"560a128b-dabd-411b-ab88-2c3718176995","alpha2Code":"TC","alpha3Code":"TCA","shortName":"Turks and Caicos Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"217","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"48917d67-0131-4a0d-ba34-34b7844e4f99","alpha2Code":"TV","alpha3Code":"TUV","shortName":"Tuvalu","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"218","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"63c2a03c-2ef3-427d-8fc4-1c5fdd81cb28","alpha2Code":"UG","alpha3Code":"UGA","shortName":"Uganda","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"219","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a25acd1f-1576-4eed-99f3-e690fa8fcdaf","alpha2Code":"UA","alpha3Code":"UKR","shortName":"Ukraine","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"220","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"5b7988cb-c044-4d74-9eda-3262b689088f","alpha2Code":"AE","alpha3Code":"ARE","shortName":"United Arab Emirates","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"221","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"ba985020-38b1-45d7-89bd-fc95a625e0c7","alpha2Code":"GB","alpha3Code":"GBR","shortName":"United Kingdom","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"222","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"a22b6cd6-8a7d-404a-bfc3-f28fe1cc9df1","alpha2Code":"US","alpha3Code":"USA","shortName":"United States","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"223","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"230a425e-b19e-47ae-b07f-e6418807972b","alpha2Code":"UM","alpha3Code":"UMI","shortName":"United States Minor Outlying Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"224","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9379fd2c-ce6c-458c-b61d-8a554732ce5c","alpha2Code":"VI","alpha3Code":"VIR","shortName":"United States Virgin Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"253","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"d282e488-3ecc-45ab-b72c-81dc0c885956","alpha2Code":"UY","alpha3Code":"URY","shortName":"Uruguay","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"225","cupBranch":"N","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"183122de-4fd8-4b1d-821d-ab89ddd09811","alpha2Code":"UZ","alpha3Code":"UZB","shortName":"Uzbekistan","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"226","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9971d148-7a5b-454e-ac18-3c19822988b3","alpha2Code":"VU","alpha3Code":"VUT","shortName":"Vanuatu","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"227","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"6475d530-8e6d-4abd-a7f0-f4b382cb6db2","alpha2Code":"VA","alpha3Code":"VAT","shortName":"Vatican City","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"251","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"EUR","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9a5b0169-d1c8-4c10-8fa2-32b4ecac4987","alpha2Code":"VE","alpha3Code":"VEN","shortName":"Venezuela","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"229","cupBranch":"Q","cupRegion":"N","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"745aab4b-9973-41c0-917f-0638e51f3b57","alpha2Code":"VN","alpha3Code":"VNM","shortName":"Vietnam","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"252","cupBranch":"E","cupRegion":"E","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9db772a9-22f5-43a9-b935-68ceb56a5a1c","alpha2Code":"VG","alpha3Code":"VGB","shortName":"Virgin Islands (British)","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"231","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"7bb4a17e-0a63-4141-9e19-b7851eb72937","alpha2Code":"WF","alpha3Code":"WLF","shortName":"Wallis and Futuna Islands","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"233","cupBranch":"A","cupRegion":"A","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"4a6f26bc-75ad-4d14-a9b8-689a4ec2c55d","alpha2Code":"EH","alpha3Code":"ESH","shortName":"Western Sahara","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"234","cupBranch":"NULL","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"9e2e344d-f7e3-4ae6-b10c-7f9acd4e7d16","alpha2Code":"YE","alpha3Code":"YEM","shortName":"Yemen","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"235","cupBranch":"C","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"USD","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false},{"id":"d0a991ff-3d63-4e93-9f2f-09261a2a874c","alpha2Code":"ZM","alpha3Code":"ZMB","shortName":"Zambia","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"238","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":0,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":true},{"id":"1f6641ed-117b-4cc6-8880-09b4eb72ae4c","alpha2Code":"ZW","alpha3Code":"ZWE","shortName":"Zimbabwe","status":"officially-assigned","kkCountryId":"239","cupBranch":"R","cupRegion":"C","regionCodes":[],"embargoedCountryDigital":0,"embargoedCountryPhysical":1,"currency":"GBP","ecommLabel":null,"sensitiveTerritory":false}]}</script> </div> <platform-footer id='platform-footer-wc' platform='core' env='prod' class='platform-footer-wc' is-preview='false' style="display: none" ></platform-footer> <script> const platformFooter = $('#platform-footer'); const platformFooterWc = $('#platform-footer-wc'); platformFooterWc.prop('initialData', window.__PLATFORM_FOOTER_DATA__); platformFooterWc.on('initialized', function () { platformFooter.hide(); platformFooterWc.show(); }); platformFooterWc.on('update-location', function (event) { $.post(AOP.baseUrl + '/services/country/override', { countryCode: event.originalEvent.detail[0].alpha2Code }, function () { window.location.reload(); window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight); // scroll the bottom of the page }) }) </script> <script src="/core/system/public/bower_components/foundation/js/foundation.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/bower_components/jquery-lazy/jquery.lazy.min.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/jquery.autocomplete.min.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/slick.min.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/jquery.qtip.min.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/foggy.min.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/jquery.cookie.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/jquery.textresizer.min.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/chosen.jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/plugins/jquery.sticky.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var AOP = AOP || {}; </script>   <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript"> window.AOP = window.AOP || {}; window.AOP.pageId = ''; window.AOP.baseUrl = '/core'; window.AOP.env = 'prod'; window.AOP.shouldUseCitationTool = true; </script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/foundationUtils.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/confirmModal.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/trimWhitespace.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/loadScript.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/isArray.js"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/parseQuerystring.js"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/createAlertBox.js"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/countryPicker.js"></script> <div id="confirmModalWrapper"> <div id="confirm-modal" class="reveal-modal small" data-reveal role="dialog" aria-labelledby="confirmModalHeader"> <div class="wrapper"> <h1 class="title" id="confirmModalHeader"></h1> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="panel callout message"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row margin-top"> <div class="small-12 large-6 columns"><a href="#" class="right small button radius transparent cancel">Cancel</a></div> <div class="small-12 large-6 columns"><a href="#" class="left small radius button blue confirm">Confirm</a></div> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="close-reveal-modal"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></a> </div> </div> <script src="/aca/shared-elements/platform-header-footer.umd.js" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/ecommerce/add-to-basket.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/books/book.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/validation.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/recommend.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/bookmark.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/selected-actions.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/citationTool/public/js/app.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/search.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="https://www.gstatic.com/charts/loader.js" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/charts.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/metrics-client-loader.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix" language="javascript"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/validation.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/core/system/public/js/revealModal.js" language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script>   <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript"> window.AOP = window.AOP || {}; window.AOP.webTrendsFpcdom = ''; window.AOP.webtrendsSourceId = ''; window.AOP.oracleInfinityAccountId = ''; window.AOP.isInternalTraffic = false; </script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/jquery-extend.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/additional.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/multilingual.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/analytics/cup-events.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/app.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/accessibility.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/analytics/listeners/counter.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script src="/core/cambridge-core/public/js/ga-events.js?v=v7.337.1-hotfix"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { if (typeof $(document).cupEvent === 'function') { $(document).cupEvent(); } AOP.initCounterReporter({ apiKey: 'qzD90fb0r257ZKVtGSFnG3UucyyMdgvu8u250Fa0', apiUrl: 'https://usage.prod.aop.cambridge.org/v1/events', applicationId: '8a94020952a738f80152b223c992000b', identities: [], authenticationMethods: [], sessionId: 'gaAs2YjTmZBYvjXqaL6uccOUdVP50m9C', eventContext: '/core/books/radical-democracy-in-modern-indian-political-thought/23CB8EF5FAE28E1F1645D041EF2D93BD' }) }); </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://d1bxh8uas1mnw7.cloudfront.net/assets/embed.js'></script> <script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e73be19b969cdfa',t:'MTczMjM5MTk5OC4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Radical Democracy in Modern Indian Political Thought