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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-기준점" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#기준점"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>기준점</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-기준점-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-주나라_봉건제도의_붕괴" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#주나라_봉건제도의_붕괴"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>주나라 봉건제도의 붕괴</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-주나라_봉건제도의_붕괴-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-철기의_보급과_경제의_발달" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#철기의_보급과_경제의_발달"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>철기의 보급과 경제의 발달</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-철기의_보급과_경제의_발달-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-전국_칠웅" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#전국_칠웅"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>전국 칠웅</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-전국_칠웅-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-전국_시대를_소재로_한_작품" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#전국_시대를_소재로_한_작품"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>전국 시대를 소재로 한 작품</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-전국_시대를_소재로_한_작품-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>전국 시대를 소재로 한 작품 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-전국_시대를_소재로_한_작품-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-영화" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#영화"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>영화</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-영화-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-만화,_만화책" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#만화,_만화책"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>만화, 만화책</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-만화,_만화책-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-참고_문헌" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#참고_문헌"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>참고 문헌</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-참고_문헌-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">전국 시대</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 69개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tydperk_van_die_Strydende_State" title="Tydperk van die Strydende State – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tydperk van die Strydende State" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="حقبة الممالك المتحاربة – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حقبة الممالك المتحاربة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%87" title="عصر الممالك المتحاربه – 이집트 아랍어" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عصر الممالك المتحاربه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="이집트 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97" title="যুদ্ধৰত ৰাজ্যৰ যুগ – 아삼어" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="যুদ্ধৰত ৰাজ্যৰ যুগ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="아삼어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodu_de_los_Reinos_Combatientes" title="Periodu de los Reinos Combatientes – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Periodu de los Reinos Combatientes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6y%C3%BC%C5%9F%C9%99n_%C3%A7arl%C4%B1qlar_d%C3%B6vr%C3%BC" title="Döyüşən çarlıqlar dövrü – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Döyüşən çarlıqlar dövrü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%83%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Һуғышыусы батшалыҡтар осоро – 바슈키르어" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һуғышыусы батшалыҡтар осоро" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="바슈키르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Период на воюващите държави – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Период на воюващите държави" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="প্রাচীন চীনের যুদ্ধরত রাজ্য কাল – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাচীন চীনের যুদ্ধরত রাজ্য কাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marevezh_ar_Stado%C3%B9_Brezelour" title="Marevezh ar Stadoù Brezelour – 브르타뉴어" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Marevezh ar Stadoù Brezelour" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="브르타뉴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADode_dels_Regnes_Combatents_(Xina)" title="Període dels Regnes Combatents (Xina) – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Període dels Regnes Combatents (Xina)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ng-gu%C3%B3k_S%C3%AC-d%C3%A2i" title="Ciéng-guók Sì-dâi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ciéng-guók Sì-dâi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%95%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سەردەمی شەڕی ویلایەتەکان – 소라니 쿠르드어" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەردەمی شەڕی ویلایەتەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="소라니 쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obdob%C3%AD_v%C3%A1l%C4%8D%C3%ADc%C3%ADch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF" title="Období válčících států – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Období válčících států" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfnod_y_Gwladwriaethau_Rhyfelgar" title="Cyfnod y Gwladwriaethau Rhyfelgar – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfnod y Gwladwriaethau Rhyfelgar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeit_der_Streitenden_Reiche" title="Zeit der Streitenden Reiche – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zeit der Streitenden Reiche" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Περίοδος των εμπόλεμων κρατών – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Περίοδος των εμπόλεμων κρατών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Warring States period" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C5%9Dtata_periodo" title="Militŝtata periodo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Militŝtata periodo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinos_combatientes" title="Reinos combatientes – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reinos combatientes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhanguo" title="Zhanguo – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Zhanguo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erresuma_Borrokalarien_garaia" title="Erresuma Borrokalarien garaia – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erresuma Borrokalarien garaia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8" title="دوره ایالت‌های جنگ‌طلب – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوره ایالت‌های جنگ‌طلب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taistelevat_l%C3%A4%C3%A4nitysvaltiot" title="Taistelevat läänitysvaltiot – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taistelevat läänitysvaltiot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="알찬 글"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9riode_des_Royaumes_combattants" title="Période des Royaumes combattants – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Période des Royaumes combattants" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADodo_dos_Reinos_Combatentes" title="Período dos Reinos Combatentes – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Período dos Reinos Combatentes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan-koet_S%E1%B9%B3%CC%80-kh%C3%AC" title="Chan-koet Sṳ̀-khì – 하카어" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chan-koet Sṳ̀-khì" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="하카어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA" title="תקופת המדינות הלוחמות – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תקופת המדינות הלוחמות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="झगड़ते राज्यों का काल – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="झगड़ते राज्यों का काल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razdoblje_zara%C4%87enih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Razdoblje zaraćenih država – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Razdoblje zaraćenih država" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadakoz%C3%B3_fejedelems%C3%A9gek_kora_(K%C3%ADna)" title="Hadakozó fejedelemségek kora (Kína) – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hadakozó fejedelemségek kora (Kína)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Negara-negara_Berperang" title="Zaman Negara-negara Berperang – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zaman Negara-negara Berperang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodo_degli_Stati_Combattenti" title="Periodo degli Stati Combattenti – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Periodo degli Stati Combattenti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%A6%E5%9B%BD%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD)" title="戦国時代 (中国) – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="戦国時代 (中国)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serdema_Dewlet%C3%AAn_%C5%9Eer_Dikin" title="Serdema Dewletên Şer Dikin – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Serdema Dewletên Şer Dikin" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anni_bellorum" title="Anni bellorum – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Anni bellorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karojo%C5%A1o_valstu_periods" title="Karojošo valstu periods – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karojošo valstu periods" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="യുദ്ധത്തിലേർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ കാലഘട്ടം – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യുദ്ധത്തിലേർപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ കാലഘട്ടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%AF%D0%B5" title="Байлдаант улсын үе – 몽골어" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Байлдаант улсын үе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="몽골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Negara_Berperang" title="Zaman Negara Berperang – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zaman Negara Berperang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periode_van_de_Strijdende_Staten" title="Periode van de Strijdende Staten – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Periode van de Strijdende Staten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krigarrika-tida" title="Krigarrika-tida – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Krigarrika-tida" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_stridende_staters_tid" title="De stridende staters tid – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="De stridende staters tid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%C3%B2de_dei_Reiaumes_Combatents" title="Periòde dei Reiaumes Combatents – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Periòde dei Reiaumes Combatents" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9D%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2" title="ਝਗੜਦੇ ਰਾਜਾਂ ਦਾ ਕਾਲ – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਝਗੜਦੇ ਰਾਜਾਂ ਦਾ ਕਾਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okres_Walcz%C4%85cych_Kr%C3%B3lestw" title="Okres Walczących Królestw – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Okres Walczących Królestw" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DA%BE%DA%AF%DA%91%D8%AF%DB%92_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%81" title="جھگڑدے راجاں دا ویلہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جھگڑدے راجاں دا ویلہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADodo_dos_Estados_Combatentes" title="Período dos Estados Combatentes – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Período dos Estados Combatentes" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%81%D1%8F_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2" title="Период Сражающихся царств – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Период Сражающихся царств" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period_Zara%C4%87enih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Period Zaraćenih država – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Period Zaraćenih država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA" title="යුද්ධ රාජ්‍ය සමය – 싱할라어" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යුද්ධ රාජ්‍ය සමය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="싱할라어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Warring States period" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obdobie_bojuj%C3%BAcich_%C5%A1t%C3%A1tov_(%C4%8C%C3%ADna)" title="Obdobie bojujúcich štátov (Čína) – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Obdobie bojujúcich štátov (Čína)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obdobje_vojskujo%C4%8Dih_se_dr%C5%BEav" title="Obdobje vojskujočih se držav – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Obdobje vojskujočih se držav" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periudha_e_shteteve_nd%C3%ABrluftuese" title="Periudha e shteteve ndërluftuese – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Periudha e shteteve ndërluftuese" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Период зараћених држава – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Период зараћених држава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_stridande_staterna" title="De stridande staterna – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="De stridande staterna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="போரிடும் நாடுகள் காலம் – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போரிடும் நாடுகள் காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="ยุครณรัฐ – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุครณรัฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sava%C5%9Fan_Devletler_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Savaşan Devletler Çağı – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Savaşan Devletler Çağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D2%91%D0%BE" title="Період Чжаньґо – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Період Чжаньґо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%BA_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="متحارب ریاستوں کا دور – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متحارب ریاستوں کا دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chjango" title="Chjango – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Chjango" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_Qu%E1%BB%91c" title="Chiến Quốc – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiến Quốc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD" title="战国 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="战国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="战国时期 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="战国时期" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B" title="戰國 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="戰國" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%C3%A0n-kok_s%C3%AE-t%C4%81i" title="Chiàn-kok sî-tāi – 민난어" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chiàn-kok sî-tāi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="민난어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li 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문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%BD%EC%82%B0_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="룽산 문화">룽산 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%84%B0%EC%9A%B0_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="얼리터우 문화">얼리터우 문화</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EA%B0%95_%EB%AC%B8%EB%AA%85" title="장강 문명">장강 문명</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%84%EC%B0%AC%EC%98%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EC%A0%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="위찬옌 유적 (없는 문서)">위찬옌 유적</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%85%B4%EB%9F%B0%ED%89%81_%EB%A3%A8%ED%89%81%ED%99%98_%EC%9C%A0%EC%A0%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="셴런퉁 루퉁환 유적 (없는 문서)">셴런퉁 루퉁환 유적</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%91%ED%84%B0%EC%9A%B0%EC%82%B0_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="펑터우산 문화">펑터우산 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EC%8B%9C_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="다시 문화">다시 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%94%EC%9E%90%EB%A7%81_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" class="mw-redirect" title="추자링 문화">추자링 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9E%90%ED%97%88_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="스자허 문화">스자허 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%AA%A8%EB%8F%84_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" class="mw-redirect" title="하모도 문화">하모도 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9E%90%EB%B0%A9_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="마자방 문화">마자방 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%91%B9%EC%A9%8C_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="쑹쩌 문화">쑹쩌 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%89%EC%A3%BC_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="량주 문화">량주 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EC%B2%AD_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="우청 문화">우청 문화</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%93%B0%EC%B4%A8_%EB%AC%B8%EB%AA%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="쓰촨 문명 (없는 문서)">쓰촨 문명</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%98%A4%EB%91%94_%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="바오둔 문화">바오둔 문화</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%EC%84%B1%ED%87%B4_%EC%9C%A0%EC%A0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="삼성퇴 유적">삼성퇴 유적</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#DE2910; text-align:center; color:#FFDE00">신대</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span title="대상 항목은 아직 없습니다. 신규 작성, 또는 다른 언어로부터의 번역이 필요합니다.]"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD_%EC%A0%84%EC%84%A4_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="중국 전설 시대 (없는 문서)">중국 전설 시대</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">(<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%A0%E8%AF%B4%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" class="extiw" title="zh:中国传说时代">중국어판</a>)</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%ED%99%A9%EC%98%A4%EC%A0%9C" title="삼황오제">삼황오제</a>(기원전 4000년? ~ 기원전 2070년?)</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#DE2910; text-align:center; color:#FFDE00">고대</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li>상고시대 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="하나라">하</a>(기원전 2070년? ~ 기원전 1600년?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="상나라">상</a>(기원전 1600년? ~ 기원전 1046년?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="주나라">주</a>(기원전 1046년? ~ 기원전 256년?)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%98%EC%B6%94%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" class="mw-redirect" title="춘추전국시대">춘추전국시대</a>(기원전 771년 ~ 기원전 221년) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%98%EC%B6%94_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="춘추 시대">춘추시대</a>(기원전 771년 ~ 기원전 453년)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">전국시대</a>(기원전 453년 ~ 기원전 221년)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="진나라">진</a>(기원전 9세기 ~ 기원전 206년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="한나라">한</a>(기원전 202년 ~ 서기 220년) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%ED%95%9C" title="전한">전한</a>(기원전 202년 ~ 서기 8년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%84%ED%95%9C" title="후한">후한</a>(25년 ~ 220년)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="신나라">신</a>(8년 ~ 23년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80_(%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD)" title="삼국 시대 (중국)">삼국시대</a>(220년 ~ 280년) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84_(%EC%82%BC%EA%B5%AD)" title="위 (삼국)">위</a>(220년 ~ 265년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%89%ED%95%9C" title="촉한">촉</a>(221년 ~ 263년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4_(%EC%82%BC%EA%B5%AD)" title="오 (삼국)">오</a>(229년 ~ 280년)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84_(%EC%9C%84%EC%A7%84)" title="진 (위진)">진</a>(265년 ~ 420년) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EC%A7%84" title="서진">서진</a>(265년 ~ 316년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%A7%84" title="동진">동진</a>(317년 ~ 420년)</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#DE2910; text-align:center; color:#FFDE00">고전후시대</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5%ED%98%B8_16%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" class="mw-redirect" title="5호 16국 시대">오호십육국시대</a>(304년 ~ 439년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EB%B6%81%EC%A1%B0_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="남북조 시대">남북조시대</a>(386년 ~ 589년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="수나라">수</a>(581년 ~ 619년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%B9%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="당나라">당</a>(618년 ~ 907년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%8C%80%EC%8B%AD%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" class="mw-redirect" title="오대십국 시대">오대십국시대</a>(907년 ~ 979년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%A1%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="송나라">송</a>(960년 ~ 1279년) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%81%EC%86%A1" title="북송">북송</a>(960년 ~ 1127년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EC%86%A1" title="남송">남송</a>(1127년 ~ 1279년)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="요나라">요</a>(916년 ~ 1125년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%ED%95%98" title="서하">서하</a>(1038년 ~ 1227년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%88%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="금나라">금</a>(1115년 ~ 1234년)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#DE2910; text-align:center; color:#FFDE00">근세</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="원나라">원</a>(1271년 ~ 1368년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%85%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="명나라">명</a>(1368년 ~ 1644년)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#DE2910; text-align:center; color:#FFDE00">근현대</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%AD%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="청나라"><img alt="청나라" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%AD%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="청나라">청</a>(1616년 ~ 1912년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="중화민국"><img alt="중화민국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EB%8C%80%EB%A5%99_%EC%8B%9C%EA%B8%B0" title="중화민국 대륙 시기">중화민국 대륙 시기</a><br />(1912년 ~ 1949년) <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="중화민국"><img alt="중화민국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9E%84%EC%8B%9C_%EC%A0%95%EB%B6%80_(1912%EB%85%84)" class="mw-redirect" title="중화민국 임시 정부 (1912년)">임시정부</a><br />(1912년 ~ 1913년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="중화민국"><img alt="중화민국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EB%B6%81%EC%96%91%EC%A0%95%EB%B6%80" class="mw-redirect" title="중화민국 북양정부">북양정부</a><br />(1915년 ~ 1916년, 1916년 ~ 1928년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="중화민국"><img alt="중화민국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC#중화민국_국민정부" title="중화민국의 역사">국민정부</a><br />(1928년 ~ 1948년)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Flag_of_the_Empire_of_China_(1915%E2%80%931916).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="중화제국의 기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Empire_of_China_%281915%E2%80%931916%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Empire_of_China_%281915%E2%80%931916%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Empire_of_China_%281915%E2%80%931916%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Empire_of_China_%281915%E2%80%931916%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Empire_of_China_%281915%E2%80%931916%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Empire_of_China_%281915%E2%80%931916%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="625" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="중화제국">중화제국</a>(1915년 ~ 1916년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:National_Flag_of_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="중화소비에트공화국의 기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/National_Flag_of_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg/22px-National_Flag_of_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/National_Flag_of_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg/33px-National_Flag_of_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/National_Flag_of_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg/44px-National_Flag_of_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EC%86%8C%EB%B9%84%EC%97%90%ED%8A%B8%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="중화소비에트공화국">중화소비에트공화국</a>(1931년 ~ 1937년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%8C%EC%A3%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="만주국"><img alt="만주국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg/22px-Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg/33px-Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg/44px-Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%8C%EC%A3%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="만주국">만주국</a>(1932년 ~ 1945년)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%9D%BC%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81" class="mw-redirect" title="중일전쟁">중일전쟁</a>(1937년 ~ 1945년)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="중화인민공화국의 기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="중화인민공화국">중화인민공화국</a>(1949년 ~ 현재)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="중화민국의 기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="중화민국">중화민국</a>(1949년 ~ 현재)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #ccc;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="틀:중국의 역사"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="틀토론:중국의 역사"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="특수:문서편집/틀:중국의 역사"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>전국 시대</b>(戰國時代, <span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">Warring States period</span>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_476%EB%85%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기원전 476년">기원전 476년</a> 또는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_403%EB%85%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기원전 403년">기원전 403년</a> ~ <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_221%EB%85%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기원전 221년">기원전 221년</a>)는 중국 역사의 혼란기로, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_476%EB%85%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기원전 476년">기원전 476년</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_403%EB%85%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기원전 403년">기원전 403년</a>)부터 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84_(%EC%98%81%EC%84%B1)" title="진 (영성)">진</a>(秦)나라가 중국 통일을 달성한 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_221%EB%85%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기원전 221년">기원전 221년</a>까지의 기간을 가리킨다. 그 시기의 이야기가 주로 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD%EC%B1%85" title="전국책">전국책</a>》(戰國策)에서 등장하므로 전국시대라 불린다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="기준점"><span id=".EA.B8.B0.EC.A4.80.EC.A0.90"></span>기준점</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 기준점"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>전국 시대를 춘추시대와 구분하는 기준은 역사가마다 조금씩 다르다. 우선 전국시대의 어원이된 전국책은 전국시대 나라들의 일화를 모은책이라 특별한 기준점이 없다. 다만 그중 동주책 1권의 첫이야기가 주나라 천자의 상징물인 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A0%95_(%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD)" title="구정 (중국)">구정</a>을 제후국인 진나라와 제나라가 요구하고 주나라 대부 안율이 이를 지켜내는 이야기로 시작한다. 이후 <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%A7%88%EC%B2%9C" title="사마천">사마천</a>은 자신의 역사서 <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EA%B8%B0_(%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EC%84%9C)" title="사기 (역사서)">사기</a>의 전국시대 역사표인 육국연표 서문에서 제나라의 전상이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B0%84%EA%B3%B5" title="제 간공">제 간공 강임</a>을 살해하고 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84_(%ED%9D%AC%EC%84%B1)" class="mw-redirect" title="진 (희성)">진(晉)나라</a>에서는 대부 조(趙), 위(魏), 한(韓)씨가 실권자 지백을 공격해 제거했는데 천자국 주나라가 이를 묵인하고, 후대에는 제나라와 진나라의 제후를 끌어내리고 스스로 제후가 되었는데 이것을 주나라가 공인해준 사건을 주목해 육국연표의 시작을 진나라 내전이 있었던 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="진나라">진나라</a> 여공공의 즉위년(기원전 476년)을 기준으로 한다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%B9%98%ED%86%B5%EA%B0%90" title="자치통감">자치통감</a>에서도 사마천처럼 지백사건에 주목해 진나라의 멸망을 전국시대의 기준점으로 삼았다(기원전 422년). 개별사건마다 간극이 넓기는 하지만 공통적인 부분은 기원전 400년대에 주나라 천자의 권위가 심각하게 실추되고 제후국에 대한 미약한 통제력마저 완전히 상실한 것을 확인할 수 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="주나라_봉건제도의_붕괴"><span id=".EC.A3.BC.EB.82.98.EB.9D.BC_.EB.B4.89.EA.B1.B4.EC.A0.9C.EB.8F.84.EC.9D.98_.EB.B6.95.EA.B4.B4"></span>주나라 봉건제도의 붕괴</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 주나라 봉건제도의 붕괴"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>한·위·조가 후(侯)라고 칭해졌다는 것은 단순히 하극상을 의미한 것만이 아니라 주왕이 이를 인정하고 스스로 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EB%B2%95%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="종법제">종법제</a>(宗法制)를 번복하지 않을 수 없었던 사정이 배경에 있기에 그 맥락을 살펴보는 일이 중요하다. 이윽고 강력한 제후들은 스스로 왕(王)을 칭하게 됨으로 이 때부터 명실공히 주왕조의 권위가 떨어지고 그 시기까지 중원에서 나름대로의 사회적 질서와 정치적 균형을 유지시켜오던 봉건제도에 균열이 일어나기 시작하고 결국 붕괴되어 버리는 시발점이 된다. 얼마 후 제(齊)나라도 기존의 강씨(姜氏)를 대신하여 전씨(田氏)가 지배하기 시작하였다. 이 시기부터 각 제후들이 주나라로부터 정신적 독립을 지향해 제각기 왕을 칭하였다. 거기에 춘추 시대 초창기부터 주나라의 권위에 불복하던 초나라도 이시기즘 140여 개국이었던 도시국가의 거의 모두가 이 때에 와서 7개 강대국 중 어느 한 영토에 편입되어 버렸다. </p><p>처음 강력했던 나라는 위나라였다. 문후(文侯)·혜왕(惠王)은 널리 인재를 구하여 대규모 관개사업을 벌이고, 한편으로는 지배한 지역을 군현화(郡縣化)하는 데 힘을 기울였다. 다음 제(齊)가 패권을 쥐었지만 얼마 안 있어 변경의 진(秦)·연(燕)이 강대해져 세력을 팽창함으로 인해 비로소 중원은 진·초·연·제·한·위·조의 7웅이 할거하는 형세로 바뀌었다. 그 중 진은 효공(孝公) 때 상앙의 변법에 의하여 크게 부국강병(富國強兵)의 성과를 올려 다른 나라를 누를 수 있는 힘을 보여주게 된다. 소위 합종연횡(合從連衡)이 제창된 것도, 또 4군(君)의 활약이 있었던 것도 이 시기였다. 이윽고 6국이 진(秦)에 굴복당하고 중국 최초의 통일국가가 출현하게 되었다. </p><p>전국 시대는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B4%89%EA%B1%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="봉건제">봉건제</a>에 따르는 읍제국가가 해체되고 중앙집권적인 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%ED%98%84%EC%A0%9C" title="군현제">군현제</a>에 의한 고대 통일국가가 형성되는 과도기에 해당한다. 전국 시대가 되자, 사 계급 출신의 관료가 실제의 정치를 장악하게 되어, 그 최고 지위에 상(相)이 놓인다. 그 임무는 군주를 보좌하여 정치의 전반을 총리하는 일이었는데, 이것은 종래의 대부 등과는 달라서 세습이 허용되지 않았다. 또한 군제(軍制)에 있어서도 이 때까지는 대부가 세습적으로 지휘권을 가지고 있었던 것임에 반하여 장군이라는 직위가 신설되어 전쟁이 일어날 때마다 군주에 의해 장군이 임명되기에 이르렀다. 서주(西周)로부터 춘추 시대에 걸쳐서는 정치·군사 양면에 있어서 대부가 세습적으로 권리를 가지고 있었음에 반하여, 전국 시대가 되자 정치·군사가 분리되고 저마다의 책임자가 필요에 따라서 군주에 의해서 임명되기에 이르렀던 것이다. 군주권이 강화되는 한편, 능력에 따른 관료군이 형성되기에 이르렀다. </p><p>이시기에는 다른 나라의 출신자들이 적극적으로 관료로 채용했다. 내정개혁을 단행한 상앙, 연횡설(連衡說)을 주장한 장의(張儀), <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%ED%99%A9%EC%A0%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="시황제">시황제</a>의 승상이 된 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%EB%B6%88%EC%9C%84" title="여불위">여불위</a>(呂不韋) 등이 모두 다 그러했다. 춘추 말기에 나온 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%9E%90" title="공자">공자</a>(孔子)는 노(魯)의 고관이 되어 개혁에 실패한 후, 여러 나라의 군주에게 그 정치학설을 설(說)하고 다니면서 그 학설이 실현되도록 운동했다. 이것은 당시에 이미 기존의 질서에서 벗어나고 하나하나의 나라를 초월해 중원 전체의 공감대와 유대감을 조성하는 공통된 문화·사상이 전반적으로 형성되어 있었기에 가능한 것이었지, 오로지 자기의 영지(領地)와 그 이익관계 속에서만이 긴밀한 관계를 맺고 있었던 제한되고 단절된 당시 대부 계층의 보수적 시대관 내에서는 거의 불가능한 일이었다고 여겨진다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="철기의_보급과_경제의_발달"><span id=".EC.B2.A0.EA.B8.B0.EC.9D.98_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.89.EA.B3.BC_.EA.B2.BD.EC.A0.9C.EC.9D.98_.EB.B0.9C.EB.8B.AC"></span>철기의 보급과 경제의 발달</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 철기의 보급과 경제의 발달"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>춘추 전국 시대의 중국사회의 일대 변혁 및 눈부신 발전의 원동력이 된 것은 이 시기에 있어서의 생산력의 현저한 발달이었다. 이 생산력의 발달 요인은 춘추 시대에 시작된 우경(牛耕)의 보급과 전국시대에 보급된 철제농구의 사용이었다. 철제농구 이전의 농구는 거의가 석제나 목제였으며, 그것은 토질이 부드러운 황토지대에서의 경작에는 그런대로 쓸 수가 있지만 수목을 베어내고 새로 경지(耕地)를 일굴 때는 극히 비능률적인 농구였다. 이 곤란을 타개하며 개간을 용이하게 하고 심경(深耕)에 의한 토지의 생산력을 증대시켜 준 것이 철제농구이며, 그 사용을 계기로 농업은 놀랍게 진보하기 시작한 것이다. </p><p>중국에서 철기가 사용되기 시작한 것은 춘추 시대의 전반(기원전 6, 7세기경)이라고 생각되고 있으며, 이때 제나라 동종(銅鐘)의 명문(銘文)에 ‘제철 노예 4천명’이라고 새겨져 있는 것으로 보아 관영 제철사업은 꽤 대규모였던 것을 알 수 있다. 또 괭이, 삽, 가래 같은 농구의 주조는 전국시대에 들어와서 발달된 것 같다. 우경과 철기가 보급되어 생산이 부국강병의 근본으로 장려되자 이제까지 돌보지 않던 황무지까지 개척되며, 그로 인하여 관개용 수로나 제방을 쌓는 토목공사가 일어났는데, 이것도 또한 철기에 의지하게 되어 농업생산은 한층 더 발달을 촉진시키게 되었다. </p><p>또 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%A0%EA%B8%B0" title="철기">철기</a>(鐵器)의 보급에 따라 눈부신 발전을 보여주기 시작한 농업 생산력이 이 변동기의 자극을 받아 상공업의 발달을 재촉하면서 사회 경제의 여러 양상에 커다란 변혁을 초래한 시기였다. 국경을 초월한 대상인의 활발한 교류로 국경을 넘어 여러 나라에 판로를 가진 대상인들은 사치품을 판매하여 큰돈을 벌었다. 서민의 필수품인 철기나 소금 등을 제조·판매하는 대상업 수공업자들의 재산은 때로는 왕후(王侯)와도 필적한다고 일컬어졌다. 그들에게 있어서는 일일이 통관세를 필요로 하는 국경이라는 것은 불합리하기 짝이 없는 것이었으며 이로 인해 점차적으로 국경이 없는 중원의 통일을 이면에서 추구하는 촉진제 역할을 했다고 일컬어지고 있다. 이는 대상인들이 전국을 유세하면서 돌아다닐 수 있었던 것에서 보는바와 같이, 분립한 강국들이 서로 대립·항쟁하는 와중에서도 문화, 경제의 면에 있어서는 이미 중원이 하나의 세계로 성립되어 있었다는 점을 예시하고 있다. 춘추 시대의 후반 이래, 청동기의 명문(銘文) 같은 장식성이 강한 문자에는 지방색이 엿보이지만, 평소에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%BD%EA%B0%84" title="죽간">죽간</a>(竹簡) 등에 씌어진 문자에는 상당한 통일성이 엿보이는 것도 이런 사실을 뒷받침하고 있다고 할 수 있을 것이다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="전국_칠웅"><span id=".EC.A0.84.EA.B5.AD_.EC.B9.A0.EC.9B.85"></span>전국 칠웅</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 전국 칠웅"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>춘추 시대에는 나라의 제사를 끊으면 나라의 조상으로부터 저주받는다고 하는 생각을 가지고 있었고, 나라를 점령해도 완전하게 멸해 버리는 일은 그만큼 많지 않고, 또 멸망해도 부흥하는 것이 흔한 일이었다. 전국 시대에 들어가면 용서가 없어져, 한번 전쟁에 지는 일은 나라의 멸망에 직접 연결되었다. 그러한 약육강식의 세계에서 점차 7개의 대국들이 강자로 부상되어 갔다. 흔히 사기의 육국연표에 있는 8개 나라중 천자국 주나라를 뺀 7개의 나라를 기준으로 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B9%A0%EC%9B%85" class="mw-redirect" title="전국 칠웅">전국 칠웅</a>(戰國七雄)이라고 부른다. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84_(%EC%98%81%EC%84%B1)" title="진 (영성)">진</a>(秦) → <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="진나라">진나라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0_(%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD)" title="조 (전국)">조</a>(趙)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84_(%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="위 (전국 시대)">위</a>(魏)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C_(%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="한 (전국 시대)">한</a>(韓)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="제나라">제</a>(齊)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="연나라">연</a>(燕)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88_(%EC%B6%98%EC%B6%94_%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD)" title="초 (춘추 전국)">초</a>(楚)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="전국_시대를_소재로_한_작품"><span id=".EC.A0.84.EA.B5.AD_.EC.8B.9C.EB.8C.80.EB.A5.BC_.EC.86.8C.EC.9E.AC.EB.A1.9C_.ED.95.9C_.EC.9E.91.ED.92.88"></span>전국 시대를 소재로 한 작품</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 전국 시대를 소재로 한 작품"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="영화"><span id=".EC.98.81.ED.99.94"></span>영화</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 영화"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD" title="중국"><img alt="중국" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%9B%85_(2002%EB%85%84_%EC%98%81%ED%99%94)" title="영웅 (2002년 영화)">영웅</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="만화,_만화책"><span id=".EB.A7.8C.ED.99.94.2C_.EB.A7.8C.ED.99.94.EC.B1.85"></span>만화, 만화책</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 만화, 만화책"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8" title="일본"><img alt="일본" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/%ED%82%B9%EB%8D%A4" class="mw-disambig" title="킹덤">킹덤</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=8" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B9%A0%EC%9B%85" class="mw-redirect" title="전국 칠웅">전국 칠웅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%98%EC%B6%94%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="춘추전국 시대">춘추전국 시대</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%98%EC%B6%94_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="춘추 시대">춘추 시대</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="참고_문헌"><span id=".EC.B0.B8.EA.B3.A0_.EB.AC.B8.ED.97.8C"></span>참고 문헌</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80&action=edit&section=9" title="부분 편집: 참고 문헌"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3?uselang=ko">전국 시대</a></b> (<a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Warring_States_Period?uselang=ko">분류</a>)</div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><div><small><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Heckert_GNU_white.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/20px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/30px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Heckert_GNU_white.svg/40px-Heckert_GNU_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="523" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Cc.logo.circle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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