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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Renewable energy in Norway</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_renovable_en_Noruega" title="Energía renovable en Noruega – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Energía renovable en Noruega" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uusiutuva_energia_Norjassa" title="Uusiutuva energia Norjassa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Uusiutuva energia Norjassa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Storvassdammen_3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Storvassdammen_3.JPG/220px-Storvassdammen_3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Storvassdammen_3.JPG/330px-Storvassdammen_3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Storvassdammen_3.JPG/440px-Storvassdammen_3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Ulla-F%C3%B8rre" title="Ulla-Førre">Ulla-Førre</a> hydropower complex has an installed capacity of approximately 2,100 MW</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Norway" title="Electricity sector in Norway">Electricity sector in Norway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Norway" title="Energy in Norway">Energy in Norway</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> is a heavy producer of <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable energy</a> because of <a href="/wiki/Hydropower" title="Hydropower">hydropower</a>. Over 99% of the electricity production in mainland Norway is from 31 GW hydropower plants (86 TWh reservoir capacity, storing water from summer to winter). The average hydropower is 133 TWh/year<sup id="cite_ref-nve2019_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nve2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (135.3 TWh in 2007).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a large potential in <a href="/wiki/Wind_power" title="Wind power">wind power</a>, <a href="/wiki/Offshore_wind_power" title="Offshore wind power">offshore wind power</a><sup id="cite_ref-nvesea_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nvesea-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Wave_power" title="Wave power">wave power</a>, as well as production of <a href="/wiki/Bio-energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Bio-energy">bio-energy</a> from wood.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Norway has limited resources in <a href="/wiki/Solar_energy" title="Solar energy">solar energy</a>, but is one of the world's largest producers of <a href="/wiki/Solar_grade_silicon" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar grade silicon">solar grade silicon</a> and silicon <a href="/wiki/Solar_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar cells">solar cells</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Total renewable energy capacity 2014–2023 (MW)<sup id="cite_ref-:22_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 2">: 2 </span></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr align="center" style="background:#CEF2E0;"> <td><b>2014</b> </td> <td><b>2015</b> </td> <td><b>2016</b> </td> <td><b>2017</b> </td> <td><b>2018</b> </td> <td><b>2019</b> </td> <td><b>2020</b> </td> <td><b>2021</b> </td> <td><b>2022</b> </td> <td><b>2023</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>32,252 </td> <td>32,394 </td> <td>32,814 </td> <td>33,251 </td> <td>34,396 </td> <td>35,912 </td> <td>37,999 </td> <td>39,406 </td> <td>39,766 </td> <td>40,161 </td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Green_certificates">Green certificates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Green certificates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The system for <a href="/wiki/Guarantee_of_origin" title="Guarantee of origin">Guarantees of Origin</a> was implemented by the EU Renewable Energy <a href="/wiki/Directive_2009/28/EC" class="mw-redirect" title="Directive 2009/28/EC">Directive 2009/28/EC</a>, trading 'green certificates', the sale of which in 2010 relabeled the calculated average electricity consumption mix of a Norwegian household down from the actual 99% to 36% renewable.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hydroelectric_power">Hydroelectric power</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Hydroelectric power"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 170px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External image</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwwdynamic.nordpoolspot.com/marketinfo/rescontent/norway/rescontent.cgi">Diagram of Reservoir content for Norway</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Norway is Europe's largest producer of <a href="/wiki/Hydropower" title="Hydropower">hydropower</a> and the 6th largest in the world. 90% of capacity is publicly owned.<sup id="cite_ref-archive.org_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archive.org-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest producer is the Norwegian government, through the state-owned <a href="/wiki/Statkraft" title="Statkraft">Statkraft</a> which in turn, owns nine of the largest hydroelectric plants and is also a major player in the international energy markets. Electricity is also produced by a number of other state-owned and privately held companies. Hydropower generation capacity is around 31 GW in 2014 and 2019, when around 132 TWh was produced; about 95% of total production.<sup id="cite_ref-nvePot_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nvePot-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hydro production can vary 50-60 TWh between years, depending on amount of <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a>. Large reservoirs (86 TWh combined) are necessary due to precipitation being significantly lower in winter when consumption is highest, while meltwater rushes to the reservoirs in summer when consumption is at its lowest.<sup id="cite_ref-nve2019_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nve2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When reservoirs are full, additional water must be passed through the <a href="/wiki/Spillway" title="Spillway">spillway</a> in a controlled manner to avoid damage.<sup id="cite_ref-spill_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spill-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest reservoir is <a href="/wiki/Ulla-F%C3%B8rre" title="Ulla-Førre">Blåsjø</a> at 7.8 TWh.<sup id="cite_ref-nve2019_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nve2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Hydropower energy capacity 2014–2023 (MW)<sup id="cite_ref-:222_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:222-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 7">: 7 </span></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr align="center" style="background:#87ceeb;"> <td><b>2014</b> </td> <td><b>2015</b> </td> <td><b>2016</b> </td> <td><b>2017</b> </td> <td><b>2018</b> </td> <td><b>2019</b> </td> <td><b>2020</b> </td> <td><b>2021</b> </td> <td><b>2022</b> </td> <td><b>2023</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>31,240 </td> <td>31,372 </td> <td>31,817 </td> <td>31,912 </td> <td>32,530 </td> <td>32,797 </td> <td>33,732 </td> <td>34,075 </td> <td>34,269 </td> <td>34,401 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The remaining undeveloped hydro potential is about 34 TWh.<sup id="cite_ref-Ene&VannR_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ene&VannR-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nve2019_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nve2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2010 70% of the total potential had already been developed, one of the highest ratios in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dam safety reassessment began in 1995 and by 2014, 26% of existing installations have been rehabilitated or upgraded. Generating capacity in Norway is growing, between 2001 and 2014 there were 397 new projects commissioned, larger than 1 MW. Upgrades to older installations larger than 10 MW represents 70% of all new capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Electricity trading with wind power generated in the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark is driving modifications to the Norwegian hydro system. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wind_power">Wind power</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Wind power"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vallersund_handelssted.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Vallersund_handelssted.jpg/220px-Vallersund_handelssted.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Vallersund_handelssted.jpg/330px-Vallersund_handelssted.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Vallersund_handelssted.jpg/440px-Vallersund_handelssted.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Wind turbine in <a href="/wiki/%C3%98rland_Municipality" title="Ørland Municipality">Ørland Municipality</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>In 2012 Norway had a <a href="/wiki/Wind_power" title="Wind power">wind power</a> electricity production of 1.6 <a href="/wiki/Kilowatt-hour" title="Kilowatt-hour">terawatt-hours</a> (5.8 <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">PJ</a>), a small fraction of its total production. The following year it approved spending 20 billion NOK to triple its wind power capacity of ca. 700 MW to more than 2 GW by 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2016 construction of the 1 GW <a href="/wiki/Fosen_Vind" title="Fosen Vind">Fosen Vind</a> project began. New projects increased capacity to 2.4 GW and production to 5.5 TWh in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Increased production of power from wind turbines can allow Norway to curtail its domestic production of hydroelectricity (stopping hydro turbines), which due to being <a href="/wiki/Dispatchable_generation" title="Dispatchable generation">dispatchable</a> is a valuable asset in the international power market. To further curtail its consumption of hydroelectricity, Norway imports electricity when excess wind production in Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands drives prices down there. To further develop its use of both cheap wind power and its dispatchable hydropower, Norway is considering new <a href="/wiki/Interconnector" title="Interconnector">transmission lines</a> to allow for the same trade with Scotland and Germany sometime after 2020. These are the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea_Link" title="North Sea Link">North Sea Link</a> and the <a href="/wiki/NORD.LINK" class="mw-redirect" title="NORD.LINK">NORD.LINK</a> which are due to come online in 2021 and 2020 respectively. A public hearing in 2019 for further land-based turbine developments received over a thousand responses, the majority of which were negative.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Wind energy capacity 2014–2023 (MW)<sup id="cite_ref-:222_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:222-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr align="center" style="background:#e0ffff;"> <td><b>2014</b> </td> <td><b>2015</b> </td> <td><b>2016</b> </td> <td><b>2017</b> </td> <td><b>2018</b> </td> <td><b>2019</b> </td> <td><b>2020</b> </td> <td><b>2021</b> </td> <td><b>2022</b> </td> <td><b>2023</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>859 </td> <td>867 </td> <td>883 </td> <td>1,207 </td> <td>1,710 </td> <td>2,914 </td> <td>4,030 </td> <td>5,049 </td> <td>5,062 </td> <td>5,065 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Water_Resources_and_Energy_Directorate" title="Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate">Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate</a> reported that, as of the beginning of 2023, Norway had 1,392 operational wind turbines distributed across 65 wind farms, with a total annual production of 16,923 GWh (11% of Norway's electricity generation).<sup id="cite_ref-DLAPiper2024Norway_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DLAPiper2024Norway-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction of two wind facilities in the <a href="/wiki/Fosen_peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Fosen peninsula">Fosen peninsula</a>, totaling 151 turbines, was opposed by some <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sámi people">Sámi</a> activists in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-WindPower2024_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WindPower2024-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project went forward after a agreement was reached (after nearly a year of negotiations), under which the turbines would continue to produce power beyond 2040.<sup id="cite_ref-WindPower2024_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WindPower2024-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In mid-2023, the government postponed a plan to impose a 40% <a href="/wiki/Resource_rent_tax" title="Resource rent tax">resource rent tax</a> on onshore wind generation after an outcry from the renewable-energy industry.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2023, an agreement on the tax was reached in the <a href="/wiki/Storting" title="Storting">Storting</a> (Norwegian parliament), setting the resource rent tax on onshore wind energy at 25%, effective January 1, 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-DLAPiper2024Norway_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DLAPiper2024Norway-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_electric_vehicles_in_Norway" title="Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway">Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway</a></div> <p>In the transport sector the share of renewables has increased from 1.3% to 4% between 2005-2010, and currently Norway has one of the highest numbers of <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_electric_vehicles_in_Norway" title="Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway">electric cars</a> per capita in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government's initial goal of 50,000 electric cars on Norwegian roads was reached on 20 April 2015, more than two years earlier than expected. By reaching a stock of 50,000 electric cars, the <a href="/wiki/Market_penetration" title="Market penetration">market penetration</a> of pure electric vehicles achieved 2% of all passenger cars registered in Norway.<sup id="cite_ref-EVs50K_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EVs50K-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nor50K_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nor50K-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The segment's penetration passed 3% in December 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-NorwayNTP2016_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NorwayNTP2016-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ZSW2015_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZSW2015-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With about 90,000 pure electric vehicles registered by mid-September 2016, the all-electric segment achieved a market penetration of 3.5% of all light-duty vehicles on Norway's roads.<sup id="cite_ref-Norsk092016_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Norsk092016-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nissan_Leaf_and_Tesla_Model_S_in_Norway_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nissan_Leaf_and_Tesla_Model_S_in_Norway_cropped.jpg/220px-Nissan_Leaf_and_Tesla_Model_S_in_Norway_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nissan_Leaf_and_Tesla_Model_S_in_Norway_cropped.jpg/330px-Nissan_Leaf_and_Tesla_Model_S_in_Norway_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nissan_Leaf_and_Tesla_Model_S_in_Norway_cropped.jpg/440px-Nissan_Leaf_and_Tesla_Model_S_in_Norway_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3755" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Electric_car" title="Electric car">all-electric</a> <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Leaf" title="Nissan Leaf">Nissan Leaf</a> (left) and the <a href="/wiki/Tesla_Model_S" title="Tesla Model S">Tesla Model S</a> (right) were the two best selling <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_electric_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Plug-in electric car">plug-in electric cars</a> in Norway in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-OFV2014_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFV2014-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The stock of light-duty <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_electric_vehicle" title="Plug-in electric vehicle">plug-in electric vehicles</a> registered in Norway passed the 100,000 unit milestone in April 2016, making the country the fourth largest plug-in market in the world after the U.S., China and Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-Norvege100K_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Norvege100K-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Norsk100K_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Norsk100K-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of April 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Norwegian fleet of plug-in electric vehicles consist of about 81,500 <a href="/wiki/All-electric_car" class="mw-redirect" title="All-electric car">all-electric</a> passenger and light-duty vehicles, almost 17,100 <a href="/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">plug-in hybrids</a>, and over 2,000 all-electric commercial vans. The total stock includes almost 12,000 used imported electric cars.<sup id="cite_ref-Norsk100K_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Norsk100K-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2016, the government opened for public discussion until 1 July 2016 the proposed <a href="/wiki/National_Transport_Plan" title="National Transport Plan">National Transport Plan</a> 2018-2029 (NTP). The plan explains that the transportation sector accounts for emissions of about 16.5 million <a href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">tons</a> of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub>, which is about one third of the total <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions" title="Greenhouse gas emissions">greenhouse gas emissions</a> produced domestically in Norway. And road traffic, including both private cars and heavy vehicles, account for about 10 million tons of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub>. The NTP set policies and actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from private cars, trucks, ships, aircraft and construction equipment by about one half until 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-NTP01_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTP01-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NTP02_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTP02-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order to achieve this objective, among others, the NTP sets the goal that all new cars, buses and light commercial vehicles in 2025 should be <a href="/wiki/Zero_emission_vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero emission vehicles">zero emission vehicles</a>, this is, all-electric and <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">hydrogen vehicles</a>. By 2030, heavy-duty vans, 75% of new long-distance buses, and 50% of new trucks must be zero emission vehicles. Also, by 2030, 40% of all ships in short sea shipping should be using biofuels or be low- or zero-emission ships such as <a href="/wiki/Electric_boat#_List_of_battery-electric_ships" title="Electric boat">electric ferries</a>. The proposed strategy states that until zero-emission vehicles take over, all internal combustion engine cars sold be plug-in hybrids, and wherever possible, biofuels must be used. Also, government agencies should as far as possible make use of biofuels, low- and zero-emission technologies in private and hired vehicles and vessels. The plan also calls to support the deployment of zero emission vehicles, but also for the reduction of the existing incentives, and proposes to invest more in public transport, walking and cycling.<sup id="cite_ref-NTP01_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTP01-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NTP02_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTP02-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NTP03_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTP03-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span 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portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/48px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/64px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Norway" title="Portal:Norway">Norway portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_energy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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title="Renewable energy in Sweden">Renewable energy in Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Finland" title="Renewable energy in Finland">Renewable energy in Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Denmark" title="Renewable energy in Denmark">Renewable energy in Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Iceland">Renewable energy in Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_renewable_energy_topics_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of renewable energy topics by country">Renewable energy by country</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nve2019-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nve2019_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nve2019_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nve2019_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nve2019_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nve.no/reguleringsmyndigheten/stromkunde/om-kraftmarkedet-og-det-norske-kraftsystemet/">"Om kraftmarkedet og det norske kraftsystemet - NVE"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nve.no" class="mw-redirect" title="Nve.no">nve.no</a></i> (in Norwegian). 2019-10-31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200213124838/https://www.nve.no/reguleringsmyndigheten/stromkunde/om-kraftmarkedet-og-det-norske-kraftsystemet/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nve.no&rft.atitle=Om+kraftmarkedet+og+det+norske+kraftsystemet+-+NVE&rft.date=2019-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nve.no%2Freguleringsmyndigheten%2Fstromkunde%2Fom-kraftmarkedet-og-det-norske-kraftsystemet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/globalbp_uk_english/reports_and_publications/statistical_energy_review_2008/STAGING/local_assets/downloads/spreadsheets/statistical_review_full_report_workbook_2008.xls">the original</a> on 2009-01-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bp.com&rft.atitle=BP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bp.com%2Fliveassets%2Fbp_internet%2Fglobalbp%2Fglobalbp_uk_english%2Freports_and_publications%2Fstatistical_energy_review_2008%2FSTAGING%2Flocal_assets%2Fdownloads%2Fspreadsheets%2Fstatistical_review_full_report_workbook_2008.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nvesea-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nvesea_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nve.no/no/Energi1/Fornybar-energi/Vindkraft/Vindressurser-offshore/">Offshore wind resources</a> (in Norwegian) <i>NVE</i>, 12 February 2009. Retrieved: 18 September 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Technology as a driving force in climate policy</i> (Bjørn-Erik Haugan, Cicerone, Number: 6. pp.8-9. 2005)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:22-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:22_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIRENA2024" class="citation web cs1">IRENA, International Renewable Energy Agency (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mc-cd8320d4-36a1-40ac-83cc-3389-cdn-endpoint.azureedge.net/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2024/Mar/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2024.pdf?rev=a587503ac9a2435c8d13e40081d2ec34">"RENEWABLE CAPACITY STATISTICS 2024"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.irena.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ownership+in+the+energy+sector+-+Energifakta+Norge&rft.date=2019-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenergifaktanorge.no%2Fen%2Fom-energisektoren%2Feierskap-i-kraftsektoren%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nvePot-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nvePot_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nve.no/energiforsyning-og-konsesjon/vannkraft/vannkraftpotensialet/">Vannkraftpotensialet</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170118041239/https://www.nve.no/energiforsyning-og-konsesjon/vannkraft/vannkraftpotensialet/">Archived</a> 2017-01-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Water_Resources_and_Energy_Directorate" title="Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate">Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate</a></i>, 10 December 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spill-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-spill_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllefsen2020" class="citation web cs1">Ellefsen, Eylert (February 18, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energyquantified.com/blog/norway-can-water-spillage-be-avoided">"Norway – can water spillage be avoided? – Energy Quantified Blog"</a>. <i>www.energyquantified.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200308160522/https://www.energyquantified.com/blog/norway-can-water-spillage-be-avoided">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-03-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.energyquantified.com&rft.atitle=Norway+%E2%80%93+can+water+spillage+be+avoided%3F+%E2%80%93+Energy+Quantified+Blog&rft.date=2020-02-18&rft.aulast=Ellefsen&rft.aufirst=Eylert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energyquantified.com%2Fblog%2Fnorway-can-water-spillage-be-avoided&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:222-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:222_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:222_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIRENA2024" class="citation web cs1">IRENA, International Renewable Energy Agency (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mc-cd8320d4-36a1-40ac-83cc-3389-cdn-endpoint.azureedge.net/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2024/Mar/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2024.pdf?rev=a587503ac9a2435c8d13e40081d2ec34">"RENEWABLE CAPACITY STATISTICS 2024"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.irena.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/OED/Faktaheftet/Fakta_energi_og_vannressurs.pdf">Fakta – Energi- og vannressurser i Norge 2013</a> page 24-28. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.regjeringen.no">http://www.regjeringen.no</a>. Olje- og energidepartementet, november 2012.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0809-9464">0809-9464</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170329132409/http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/hydropower_essentials.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/hydropower_essentials.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-03-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iea.org%2Fpublications%2Ffreepublications%2Fpublication%2Fhydropower_essentials.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ntnu.no/documents/381182060/641036380/Leif+Lia_FINAL.PDF/32bac8f3-b443-493b-a1eb-e22ce572acd9">https://www.ntnu.no/documents/381182060/641036380/Leif+Lia_FINAL.PDF/32bac8f3-b443-493b-a1eb-e22ce572acd9</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolter2013" class="citation news cs1">Holter, Mikael (2013-08-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2013/08/norway-approves-3-billion-for-wind-power-plants-to-triple-capacity">"Norway Approves $3 Billion for Wind Power Plants to Triple Capacity"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Norway+Approves+%243+Billion+for+Wind+Power+Plants+to+Triple+Capacity&rft.date=2013-08-26&rft.aulast=Holter&rft.aufirst=Mikael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.renewableenergyworld.com%2Frea%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F2013%2F08%2Fnorway-approves-3-billion-for-wind-power-plants-to-triple-capacity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nve.no/energiforsyning/kraftproduksjon/vindkraft/vindkraftdata/">"Vindkraftdata - NVE"</a>. <i>www.nve.no</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nve.no&rft.atitle=Vindkraftdata+-+NVE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nve.no%2Fenergiforsyning%2Fkraftproduksjon%2Fvindkraft%2Fvindkraftdata%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNRK2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">NRK (2019-09-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrk.no/norge/enormt-vindkraft-engasjement-_-over-tusen-horingssvar-1.14715240">"Enormt vindkraft-engasjement – over tusen høringssvar"</a>. <i>NRK</i> (in Norwegian Nynorsk)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NRK&rft.atitle=Enormt+vindkraft-engasjement+%E2%80%93+over+tusen+h%C3%B8ringssvar&rft.date=2019-09-24&rft.au=NRK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrk.no%2Fnorge%2Fenormt-vindkraft-engasjement-_-over-tusen-horingssvar-1.14715240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DLAPiper2024Norway-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DLAPiper2024Norway_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DLAPiper2024Norway_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelge_Neraal,_Fredrik_Verling,_Ingrid_Elise_Ruud,_Johan_Eikrem2024" class="citation news cs1">Helge Neraal, Fredrik Verling, Ingrid Elise Ruud, Johan Eikrem (April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dlapiper.com/en-ar/insights/publications/2024/04/new-wind-in-the-sails-for-onshore-wind-power-in-norway">"New wind in the sails for onshore wind power in Norway?"</a>. <i>Insights</i>. <a href="/wiki/DLA_Piper" title="DLA Piper">DLA Piper</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insights&rft.atitle=New+wind+in+the+sails+for+onshore+wind+power+in+Norway%3F&rft.date=2024-04&rft.au=Helge+Neraal%2C+Fredrik+Verling%2C+Ingrid+Elise+Ruud%2C+Johan+Eikrem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dlapiper.com%2Fen-ar%2Finsights%2Fpublications%2F2024%2F04%2Fnew-wind-in-the-sails-for-onshore-wind-power-in-norway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WindPower2024-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WindPower2024_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WindPower2024_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-07/norway-s-efforts-to-address-climate-change-clash-with-indigenous-rights">"How Wind Power and Indigenous Rights Clashed in Norway"</a>. <i>Bloomberg News</i>. 2024-03-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=How+Wind+Power+and+Indigenous+Rights+Clashed+in+Norway&rft.date=2024-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2024-03-07%2Fnorway-s-efforts-to-address-climate-change-clash-with-indigenous-rights&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-11/norway-delays-plan-for-onshore-wind-tax-after-industry-outcry">"Norway Delays Plan for Onshore Wind Tax After Industry Outcry"</a>. <i>Bloomberg News</i>. 2023-05-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Norway+Delays+Plan+for+Onshore+Wind+Tax+After+Industry+Outcry&rft.date=2023-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2023-05-11%2Fnorway-delays-plan-for-onshore-wind-tax-after-industry-outcry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ministry of Petroleum and Energy: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/doc/dir_2009_0028_action_plan_norway__nreap.pdf">"National Renewable Energy Action Plan under Directive 2009/28/EC"</a>, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EVs50K-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EVs50K_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetter_Haugneland2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Petter Haugneland (2015-04-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150425221106/http://www.elbil.no/nyheter/elbilpolitikk/3519-50-000-elbiler-pa-norske-veier">"50.000 elbiler på norske veier!"</a> [50,000 electric cars on Norwegian roads!] (in Norwegian). Norsk elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elbil.no/nyheter/elbilpolitikk/3519-50-000-elbiler-pa-norske-veier">the original</a> on 2015-04-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=50.000+elbiler+p%C3%A5+norske+veier%21&rft.pub=Norsk+elbilforening+%28Norwegian+Electric+Vehicle+Association&rft.date=2015-04-20&rft.au=Petter+Haugneland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elbil.no%2Fnyheter%2Felbilpolitikk%2F3519-50-000-elbiler-pa-norske-veier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nor50K-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nor50K_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeff_Cobb2015" class="citation news cs1">Jeff Cobb (2015-04-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hybridcars.com/norway-celebrates-50000th-plug-in-car-sold-will-ev-incentives-continue/">"Norway Celebrates 50,000th Plug-in Car Sold; Will EV Incentives Continue?"</a>. <i>HybridCars.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-04-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HybridCars.com&rft.atitle=Norway+Celebrates+50%2C000th+Plug-in+Car+Sold%3B+Will+EV+Incentives+Continue%3F&rft.date=2015-04-20&rft.au=Jeff+Cobb&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hybridcars.com%2Fnorway-celebrates-50000th-plug-in-car-sold-will-ev-incentives-continue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NorwayNTP2016-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NorwayNTP2016_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetter_Haugneland2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Petter Haugneland (2016-02-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305181444/http://www.elbil.no/nyheter/elbilpolitikk/3739-nasjonal-transportplan-elbil-er-klimalosningen">"Nasjonal transportplan: Elbil er klimaløsningen"</a> [National Transport: EV is the climate solution] (in Norwegian). Norsk Elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elbil.no/nyheter/elbilpolitikk/3739-nasjonal-transportplan-elbil-er-klimalosningen">the original</a> on 2016-03-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nasjonal+transportplan%3A+Elbil+er+klimal%C3%B8sningen&rft.pub=Norsk+Elbilforening+%28Norwegian+Electric+Vehicle+Association%29&rft.date=2016-02-29&rft.au=Petter+Haugneland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elbil.no%2Fnyheter%2Felbilpolitikk%2F3739-nasjonal-transportplan-elbil-er-klimalosningen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZSW2015-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ZSW2015_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306222211/http://www.zsw-bw.de/uploads/media/pr05-2016-ZSW-DataE-Mobility.pdf">"Number of electric cars worldwide climbs to 1.3 million"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Press release). Stuttgart: Zentrum für Sonnenenergieund Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg (ZSW). 2016-02-26. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zsw-bw.de/uploads/media/pr05-2016-ZSW-DataE-Mobility.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-03-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Number+of+electric+cars+worldwide+climbs+to+1.3+million&rft.place=Stuttgart&rft.pub=Zentrum+f%C3%BCr+Sonnenenergieund+Wasserstoff-Forschung+Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg+%28ZSW%29&rft.date=2016-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zsw-bw.de%2Fuploads%2Fmedia%2Fpr05-2016-ZSW-DataE-Mobility.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span> <i>Around 3% of some 2.64 million cars in Norway run on electricity by the end of 2015 (includes all-electric cars and plug-in hybrids).</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Norsk092016-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Norsk092016_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaugneland2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Haugneland, Petter (2016-09-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elbil.no/mandal-forst-ute-med-fortsatt-gratis-parkering-for-elbil/">"Mandal først ute med fortsatt gratis parkering for elbil"</a> [Mandal pioneered to keep free parking for electric cars] (in Norwegian). Norsk Elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-09-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mandal+f%C3%B8rst+ute+med+fortsatt+gratis+parkering+for+elbil&rft.pub=Norsk+Elbilforening+%28Norwegian+Electric+Vehicle+Association%29&rft.date=2016-09-16&rft.aulast=Haugneland&rft.aufirst=Petter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Felbil.no%2Fmandal-forst-ute-med-fortsatt-gratis-parkering-for-elbil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OFV2014-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OFV2014_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorwegian_Road_Federation_(OFV)2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Norwegian Road Federation (OFV) (January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160930205528/http://www.ofvas.no/bilsalget-i-2014/category648.html">"Bilsalget i 2014"</a> [Car sales in 2014] (in Norwegian). OFV. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ofvas.no/bilsalget-i-2014/category648.html">the original</a> on 2016-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-01-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bilsalget+i+2014&rft.pub=OFV&rft.date=2015-01&rft.au=Norwegian+Road+Federation+%28OFV%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ofvas.no%2Fbilsalget-i-2014%2Fcategory648.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span> <i>A total of 10,639 plug-in electric vehicles were registered in Norway in 2013, consisting of: 7,885 new electric cars, 2,086 used imported all-electric cars, 328 new plug-in hybrid cars and 340 new all-electric vans. A total of 23,390 plug-in electric vehicles were registered in Norway in 2014, consisting of: 18,094 new electric cars, 3,063 used imported all-electric cars, 1,678 new plug-in hybrid cars and 555 new all-electric vans.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Norvege100K-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Norvege100K_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrance_Mobilité_Électrique_-_AVERE_France2016" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2016-05-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avere-france.org/Site/Article/?article_id=6579&from_espace_adherent=0">"Dossier : A la découverte du véhicule électrique en Norvège"</a> [Dossier: Discovering the electric vehicle in Norway] (in French). AVERE<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dossier+%3A+A+la+d%C3%A9couverte+du+v%C3%A9hicule+%C3%A9lectrique+en+Norv%C3%A8ge&rft.date=2016-05-17&rft.au=France+Mobilit%C3%A9+%C3%89lectrique+-+AVERE+France&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.avere-france.org%2FSite%2FArticle%2F%3Farticle_id%3D6579%26from_espace_adherent%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span> <i>In April 2016 Norway just exceeded the threshold of 100 000th registered electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids included.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Norsk100K-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Norsk100K_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Norsk100K_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCobb2016" class="citation news cs1">Cobb, Jeff (2016-05-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hybridcars.com/norway-is-fourth-country-to-register-100000-plug-in-cars/">"Norway Is Fourth Country To Register 100,000 Plug-in Cars"</a>. <i>HybridCars.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HybridCars.com&rft.atitle=Norway+Is+Fourth+Country+To+Register+100%2C000+Plug-in+Cars&rft.date=2016-05-09&rft.aulast=Cobb&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hybridcars.com%2Fnorway-is-fourth-country-to-register-100000-plug-in-cars%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span> <i>As of April 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the United States is the leading country market with a stock of about 450,000 highway legal light-duty plug-in electric vehicles delivered since 2008. China ranks second with around 300,000 units sold since 2011, followed by Japan with about 150,000 plug-in units sold since 2009, both through March 2016. European sales are led by Norway with over 100,000 units registered by the end of April 2016.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NTP01-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NTP01_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NTP01_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlaker2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Blaker, Magnus (2016-02-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.side3.no/motor/ntp-na-kommer-elbil-bakrusen/3423197581.html">"NTP: Nå kommer elbil-bakrusen"</a> [NTP: Now Comes EV Hangover] (in Norwegian). Side3.no<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NTP%3A+N%C3%A5+kommer+elbil-bakrusen&rft.pub=Side3.no&rft.date=2016-02-29&rft.aulast=Blaker&rft.aufirst=Magnus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.side3.no%2Fmotor%2Fntp-na-kommer-elbil-bakrusen%2F3423197581.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NTP02-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NTP02_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NTP02_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kystverket.no/Nyheter/2016/februar/ntp-klimautslippene-ma-kuttes/">"NTP: Klimautslippene må kuttes"</a> [NTP: Greenhouse gas emissions must be cut] (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Coastal_Administration" title="Norwegian Coastal Administration">Norwegian Coastal Administration</a>. 2016-02-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NTP%3A+Klimautslippene+m%C3%A5+kuttes&rft.pub=Norwegian+Coastal+Administration&rft.date=2016-02-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kystverket.no%2FNyheter%2F2016%2Ffebruar%2Fntp-klimautslippene-ma-kuttes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NTP03-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NTP03_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCobb2016" class="citation news cs1">Cobb, Jeff (2016-03-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hybridcars.com/norway-aiming-for-100-percent-zero-emission-vehicle-sales-by-2025/">"Norway Aiming For 100-Percent Zero Emission Vehicle Sales By 2025"</a>. <i>HybridCars.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HybridCars.com&rft.atitle=Norway+Aiming+For+100-Percent+Zero+Emission+Vehicle+Sales+By+2025&rft.date=2016-03-08&rft.aulast=Cobb&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hybridcars.com%2Fnorway-aiming-for-100-percent-zero-emission-vehicle-sales-by-2025%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenewable+energy+in+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renewable_energy_in_Norway&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Norway" title="History of Norway">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Stone_Age" title="Nordic Stone Age">Stone Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petty_kingdoms_of_Norway" title="Petty kingdoms of Norway">Petty kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Norway" title="Unification of Norway">Unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Norway#Norway_in_the_High_Middle_Ages_(1066–1380)" title="History of Norway">High Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(872%E2%80%931397)" title="Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)">Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hereditary_Kingdom_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Hereditary Kingdom of Norway">Hereditary Kingdom of Norway</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(1814)" title="Kingdom of Norway (1814)">Kingdom of Norway (1814)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway" title="Union between Sweden and Norway">Sweden–Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_union_between_Norway_and_Sweden" title="Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden">End of the union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Norway" title="German occupation of Norway">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Norwegen" title="Reichskommissariat Norwegen">Reichskommissariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisling_regime" title="Quisling regime">Quisling regime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_government-in-exile" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian government-in-exile">Norwegian government-in-exile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Norway#Postwar" title="History of Norway">1945–2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Norway#21st_century" title="History of Norway">21st century</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Norway" title="Coat of arms of Norway"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="909" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Norway" title="Geography of Norway">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Norway#Climate" title="Geography of Norway">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Norway" title="Districts of Norway">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Norway" title="Extreme points of Norway">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Norway" title="List of islands of Norway">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Norway" title="List of lakes of Norway">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Norway" title="List of mammals of Norway">Mammals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Norway_by_height" title="List of mountains in Norway by height">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Norway" title="List of municipalities of Norway">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Norway" title="List of towns and cities in Norway">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Norway" title="Protected areas of Norway">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Norway" title="List of rivers of Norway">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Norway" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Norway">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Norway" title="Politics of Norway">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Norway" title="Administrative divisions of Norway">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_budget_of_Norway" title="State budget of Norway">National budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Norway" title="Constitution of Norway">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Correctional_Service" title="Norwegian Correctional Service">Correctional Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_justice_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Courts of justice of Norway">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Norway" title="Elections in Norway">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Norway" title="Foreign relations of Norway">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_governments" title="List of Norwegian governments">Governments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_Norway" title="Incarceration in Norway">Incarceration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Norway">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Armed_Forces" title="Norwegian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Norway" title="Monarchy of Norway">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storting" title="Storting">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Police_Service" title="Norwegian Police Service">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Norway" title="List of political parties in Norway">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Norway" title="Prime Minister of Norway">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Norway_ties" title="Template:Norway ties">Membership of International organizations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Norway" title="Energy in Norway">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fishing_in_Norway" title="Category:Fishing in Norway">Fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Pension_Fund_of_Norway" title="Government Pension Fund of Norway">Government Pension Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Industry_in_Norway" title="Category:Industry in Norway">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Norway" title="Category:Mining in Norway">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_gas_industry_in_Norway" title="Category:Natural gas industry in Norway">Natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_krone" title="Norwegian krone">Krone <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norges_Bank" title="Norges Bank">National bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_paradox" title="Norwegian paradox">Norwegian paradox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oil_fields_in_Norway" title="Category:Oil fields in Norway">Oil</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oslo_Stock_Exchange" title="Oslo Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Norway" title="Taxation in Norway">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Norway" title="Telecommunications in Norway">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Norway" title="Tourism in Norway">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Norway" title="Trade unions in Norway">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Norway" title="Transport in Norway">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whaling_in_Norway" title="Whaling in Norway">Whaling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Norway" title="Category:Society of Norway">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Norway" title="Climate change in Norway">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Norway" title="Crime in Norway">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Norway" title="Demographics of Norway">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Norway" title="Education in Norway">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Norway" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Norway">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Norway" title="Health in Norway">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Norway" title="Immigration to Norway">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_Norway" title="Incarceration in Norway">Incarceration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Norway" title="Irreligion in Norway">Irreligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Norway" title="Languages of Norway">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language_conflict" title="Norwegian language conflict">language conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegians" title="Norwegians">Norwegians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Norway" title="Pensions in Norway">Pensions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Norway" title="Poverty in Norway">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Norway" title="Religion in Norway">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Women in Norway">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Norway" title="Culture of Norway">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Norway" title="Architecture of Norway">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_art" title="Norwegian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunad" title="Bunad"><i>Bunad</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(clothing)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Norway" title="Christmas in Norway"><i>Christmas</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(season)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Norway" title="Cinema of Norway">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_cuisine" title="Norwegian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Jante" title="Law of Jante">Jante law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Norway" title="Music of Norway">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_literature" title="Norwegian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Norway">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Norway" title="Prostitution in Norway">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Norway" title="Public holidays in Norway">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Norway" title="Category:Sport in Norway">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_nationalism" title="Norwegian nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_romantic_nationalism" title="Norwegian romantic nationalism">Romantic nationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ja,_vi_elsker_dette_landet" title="Ja, vi elsker dette landet">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Norway" title="Coat of arms of Norway">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_flags" title="List of Norwegian flags">Flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Norway" title="Flag of Norway">national flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mottos_of_Norwegian_institutions" title="Mottos of Norwegian institutions">Mottos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Name of Norway">Name of Norway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Norway" title="Outline of Norway">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Norway" title="Category:Norway">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Norway" title="Portal:Norway">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Renewable_energy_by_country_and_territory" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Renewable_energy_by_country_and_territory" title="Template:Renewable energy by country and territory"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Renewable_energy_by_country_and_territory" title="Template talk:Renewable energy by country and territory"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Renewable_energy_by_country_and_territory" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Renewable energy by country and territory"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Renewable_energy_by_country_and_territory" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_renewable_energy_topics_by_country_and_territory" title="List of renewable energy topics by country and territory">Renewable energy by country and territory</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Africa" title="Renewable energy in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Ethiopia" title="Renewable energy in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Kenya" title="Renewable energy in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Morocco" title="Renewable energy in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Seychelles" title="Renewable energy in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_South_Africa" title="Renewable energy in South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Asia" title="Renewable energy in Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Afghanistan" title="Renewable energy in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Bangladesh" title="Renewable energy in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Bhutan" title="Renewable energy in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Brunei" title="Renewable energy in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_China" title="Renewable energy in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_India" title="Renewable energy in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Kazakhstan" title="Renewable energy in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Nepal" title="Renewable energy in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Pakistan" title="Renewable energy in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Palestine" title="Renewable energy in Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_Philippines" title="Renewable energy in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Taiwan" title="Renewable energy in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Thailand" title="Renewable energy in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Vietnam" title="Renewable energy in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_European_Union" title="Renewable energy in the European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Austria" title="Renewable energy in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Renewable energy in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Cyprus#Renewable_energy" title="Energy in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Denmark" title="Renewable energy in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Finland" title="Renewable energy in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_France" title="Renewable energy in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Germany" title="Renewable energy in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Greece" title="Renewable energy in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Hungary" title="Renewable energy in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Renewable energy in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Italy" title="Renewable energy in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Lithuania" title="Renewable energy in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_Netherlands" title="Renewable energy in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Portugal" title="Renewable energy in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Spain" title="Renewable energy in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Albania" title="Renewable energy in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Armenia" title="Renewable energy in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Belarus" title="Renewable energy in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Russia" title="Renewable energy in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Switzerland#Renewable_energy_in_Switzerland" title="Energy in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Turkey" title="Renewable energy in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Ukraine" title="Renewable energy in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Renewable energy in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Scotland" title="Renewable energy in Scotland">Scotland</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Canada" title="Renewable energy in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Costa_Rica" title="Renewable energy in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Honduras" title="Renewable energy in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Mexico" title="Renewable energy in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_States" title="Renewable energy in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Australia" title="Renewable energy in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="Renewable energy in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_French_Polynesia" title="Renewable energy in French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_New_Zealand" title="Renewable energy in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Tuvalu" title="Renewable energy in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Renewable energy in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Brazil" title="Renewable energy in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Chile" title="Renewable energy in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Colombia" title="Renewable energy in Colombia">Colombia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a 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