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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Case_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Case law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Case_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_ordinances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_ordinances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Local ordinances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_ordinances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Age_of_criminal_responsibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Age_of_criminal_responsibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Age of criminal responsibility</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Age_of_criminal_responsibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murder_statutes" 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Topics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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As a state of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States of America</a>, the State of Texas is subject to the <a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law of the United States</a>, which also addresses that the powers not delegated by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Constitution">U.S. Constitution</a> to the federal government are <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Amendment" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenth Amendment">reserved to the States or to the people</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Texas" title="Government of Texas">Government of Texas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas,_1925.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas%2C_1925.png/220px-Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas%2C_1925.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas%2C_1925.png/330px-Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas%2C_1925.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas%2C_1925.png/440px-Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas%2C_1925.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption>Title page of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas,_1925&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revised Civil Statutes of Texas, 1925 (page does not exist)"><i>Revised Civil Statutes</i></a> from 1925</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Texas" title="Constitution of Texas">Constitution of Texas</a> is the foremost source of state law. Legislation is enacted by the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislature" title="Texas Legislature">Texas Legislature</a>, published in the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_and_Special_Laws_of_the_State_of_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General and Special Laws of the State of Texas (page does not exist)">General and Special Laws</a></i>, and codified in the <i>Texas Statutes</i>. State agencies publish regulations (sometimes called administrative law) in the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Register&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Register (page does not exist)">Texas Register</a></i>, which are in turn codified in the <i><a href="/wiki/Texas_Administrative_Code" title="Texas Administrative Code">Texas Administrative Code</a></i>. The Texas legal system is based on <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a>, which is interpreted by case law through the decisions of the Supreme Court, the Court of Criminal Appeals, and the Courts of Appeals, which are published in the <i>Texas Cases</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/South_Western_Reporter" title="South Western Reporter">South Western Reporter</a></i>. Counties and municipal governments may also promulgate <a href="/wiki/Local_ordinance" title="Local ordinance">local ordinances</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constitution">Constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Texas" title="Constitution of Texas">Constitution of Texas</a> is the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Texas" title="Government of Texas">government of Texas</a> and vests the legislative power of the state in the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislature" title="Texas Legislature">Texas Legislature</a>. The Texas Constitution is subject only to the <a href="/wiki/Popular_sovereignty" title="Popular sovereignty">sovereignty of the people of Texas</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution of the United States</a>, although <a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_Texas" title="Legal status of Texas">this is disputed</a>. </p><p>Article I of the Constitution of Texas contains the following provisions related to limitations on legislative power: </p> <ol><li>Sec. 16 prohibits bills of attainder, ex post facto or retroactive laws, or laws "impairing the obligations of contracts."</li> <li>Sec. 29 provides that "no power of suspending laws in this State shall be exercised except by the Legislature.</li></ol> <p>Article II of the Constitution of Texas mandates the separation of powers in to three distinct department, the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. </p><p>Article III of the Constitution of Texas is specifically dedicated to the Legislative Department. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislation">Legislation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legislation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pursuant to the state constitution, the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislature" title="Texas Legislature">Texas Legislature</a> has enacted various laws, known as "chapter laws" or generically as "<a href="/wiki/Slip_law" title="Slip law">slip laws</a>". These are published in the official <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_and_Special_Laws_of_the_State_of_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General and Special Laws of the State of Texas (page does not exist)">General and Special Laws of the State of Texas</a></i> as "<a href="/wiki/Session_laws" title="Session laws">session laws</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council9_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council9-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-882.F2d.171_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-882.F2d.171-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of these statutes are <a href="/wiki/Codification_(law)" title="Codification (law)">codified</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003219_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003219-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Texas Constitution requires the Texas Legislature to revise, digest, and publish the laws of the state; however, it has never done so regularly.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2008121_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2008121-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1925 the Texas Legislature reorganized the statutes into three major divisions: the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revised_Civil_Statutes_of_Texas,_1925&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revised Civil Statutes of Texas, 1925 (page does not exist)"><i>Revised Civil Statutes</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Penal_Code_of_Texas,_1925" class="mw-redirect" title="Penal Code of Texas, 1925"><i>Penal Code</i></a>, and <a href="/wiki/Texas_Code_of_Criminal_Procedure" title="Texas Code of Criminal Procedure"><i>Code of Criminal Procedure</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-882.F2d.171_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-882.F2d.171-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1963, the Texas legislature began a major revision of the 1925 Texas statutory classification scheme, and as of 1989 over half of the statutory law had been arranged under the recodification process.<sup id="cite_ref-882.F2d.171_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-882.F2d.171-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>de facto</i> codifications are <i>Vernon's Texas Statutes Annotated</i> and <i>Vernon's Texas Codes Annotated</i>, commonly known as <i>Vernon's</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2008121_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2008121-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council24–25_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council24–25-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unannotated constitution, codes, and statutes can also be accessed online through a website of the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislative_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Legislative Council">Texas Legislative Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council24–25_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council24–25-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Peter_Mareus_Neilsen_Gammel" title="Hans Peter Mareus Neilsen Gammel">Gammel</a>'s <i>Laws of Texas</i> contains relevant legislation from 1822-1897.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most, but not all, Texas statutes have been codified in the following codes: </p> <ol><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Agriculture_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Agriculture Code (page does not exist)">Agriculture Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Alcoholic_Beverage_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Alcoholic Beverage Code (page does not exist)">Alcoholic Beverage Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Business_and_Commerce_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Business and Commerce Code (page does not exist)">Business and Commerce Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Business_Organizations_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Business Organizations Code (page does not exist)">Business Organizations Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Civil_Practice_and_Remedies_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code (page does not exist)">Civil Practice and Remedies Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Code_Of_Criminal_Procedure" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Code Of Criminal Procedure">Code Of Criminal Procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Education_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Education Code (page does not exist)">Education Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Election_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Election Code (page does not exist)">Election Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Estates_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Estates Code (page does not exist)">Estates Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Family_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Family Code (page does not exist)">Family Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Finance_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Finance Code (page does not exist)">Finance Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_Code_of_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Government Code of Texas (page does not exist)">Government Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Health_and_Safety_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Health and Safety Code (page does not exist)">Health and Safety Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Human_Resources_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Human Resources Code (page does not exist)">Human Resources Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Insurance_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Insurance Code (page does not exist)">Insurance Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Labor_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Labor Code (page does not exist)">Labor Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Local_Government_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Local Government Code (page does not exist)">Local Government Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Natural_Resources_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Natural Resources Code (page does not exist)">Natural Resources Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Occupations_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Occupations Code (page does not exist)">Occupations Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Parks_and_Wildlife_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Parks and Wildlife Code (page does not exist)">Parks and Wildlife Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Penal_Code" title="Texas Penal Code">Penal Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Property_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Property Code (page does not exist)">Property Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Special_District_Local_Laws_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Special District Local Laws Code (page does not exist)">Special District Local Laws Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tax_Code_of_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tax Code of Texas (page does not exist)">Tax Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Transportation_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Transportation Code (page does not exist)">Transportation Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Utilities_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Utilities Code (page does not exist)">Utilities Code</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Water_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Water Code (page does not exist)">Water Code</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regulations">Regulations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Regulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_state_agencies" title="List of Texas state agencies">List of Texas state agencies</a></div> <p>The body of regulations promulgated by <a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_state_agencies" title="List of Texas state agencies">state agencies</a> is referred to as  <a href="/wiki/Administrative_law" title="Administrative law">administrative law</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Texas_Administrative_Code" title="Texas Administrative Code">Texas Administrative Code</a></i> contains the compiled and indexed regulations of Texas state agencies and is published yearly by the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Texas" title="Secretary of State of Texas">Secretary of State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003305_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003305-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texas_Register&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texas Register (page does not exist)">Texas Register</a></i> contains proposed rules, notices, executive orders, and other information of general use to the public and is published weekly by the Secretary of State.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003302–304_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003302–304-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both are also available online through the Secretary of State's website.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003304_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003304-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003306_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003306-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Case_law">Case law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Case law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Texas" title="Judiciary of Texas">Judiciary of Texas</a></div> <p>The Texas legal system is based on <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a>, which is interpreted by <a href="/wiki/Case_law" title="Case law">case law</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Legal_opinion" title="Legal opinion">decisions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Supreme Court">Texas Supreme Court</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Court_of_Criminal_Appeals" title="Texas Court of Criminal Appeals">Texas Court of Criminal Appeals</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Courts_of_Appeals" title="Texas Courts of Appeals">Texas Courts of Appeals</a>. There is no longer an officially published <a href="/wiki/Law_report" title="Law report">reporter</a>. <i>West's Texas Cases</i> (a Texas-specific version of the <i><a href="/wiki/South_Western_Reporter" title="South Western Reporter">South Western Reporter</a></i>) includes reported opinions of the Supreme Court, the Court of Criminal Appeals, and the Courts of Appeals.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200373_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200373-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200834_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200834-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Texas Reports</i> includes Supreme Court opinions until July 1962, and the <i>Texas Criminal Reports</i> includes Court of Criminal Appeals opinions until November 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200834_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200834-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Appellate opinions from 1997–2002 onwards are generally available online.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200835–36_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200835–36-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TAMES_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TAMES-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is no systematic reporting of decisions of trial courts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200373_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon200373-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Online availability of case filings at the trial court level varies drastically: some district courts and county courts at law allow online access to download case filings, either for free or for a fee, either to registered users (sometimes restricted by attorney status) or to all users, whereas other trial courts only allow online access to the clerk's register of actions or the case docket, or no online access at all. For example, the Harris County District Clerk's website requires users to register for free in order to download case filings.<sup id="cite_ref-HCDC_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCDC-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Harris County Clerk similarly requires registration in order to download case filings, though the search function is available to unregistered users.<sup id="cite_ref-HCC-Login_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCC-Login-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Dallas County, the District Clerk and County Clerk's records are available from a single online portal which allows for most non-sensitive case filings to be downloaded without registration.<sup id="cite_ref-DallasCountyOnlineRecordSearch_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DallasCountyOnlineRecordSearch-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Filings from all 254 Texas counties can be searched by registered users for free through the statewide re:SearchTX portal, though a payment of $.10 (ten cents) per page is required for downloads.<sup id="cite_ref-research-TX-Home_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-research-TX-Home-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_ordinances">Local ordinances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Local ordinances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Texas" title="Administrative divisions of Texas">Administrative divisions of Texas</a></div> <p>Municipal governments may promulgate local ordinances, rules, and police regulations, and are usually codified in a "code of ordinances".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003225_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003225-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">Counties in Texas</a> have limited regulatory (ordinance) authority.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003225_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003225-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some codes are printed by private publishers, and some are available online, but the most common method of discovering local ordinances is by physically traveling to the <a href="/wiki/Seat_of_government" title="Seat of government">seat of government</a> and asking around.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003225–226_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuarlesCordon2003225–226-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Age_of_criminal_responsibility">Age of criminal responsibility</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Age of criminal responsibility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Criminal courts in Texas have automatic jurisdiction over all persons over 17 years of age.<sup id="cite_ref-TPC8-07b_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPC8-07b-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2017<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> there was advocacy to raise the age to 18.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Texas_House_of_Representatives" title="Texas House of Representatives">Texas House of Representatives</a> passed such a bill in 2017 that would be effective 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2017 there were thirty-three prisoners in adult prisons and/or state jails who were below the age of 18.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Texas the <a href="/wiki/Defense_of_infancy" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense of infancy">minimum age at which a child may be adjudicated as delinquent</a> is 10.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Murder_statutes">Murder statutes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Murder statutes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Capital murder convictions have two options: life imprisonment without parole and death. Prior to 2005 life with parole and death were the two options, but that year the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislature" title="Texas Legislature">Texas Legislature</a> modified the statute.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maurice Chammah , author of <i>Let the Lord Sort Them: The Rise and Fall of the Death Penalty</i>, stated that governments of smaller counties supported the move as death penalty cases had increasing costs.<sup id="cite_ref-CalahanDecline_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CalahanDecline-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topics">Topics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Topics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_laws_of_Texas" title="Alcohol laws of Texas">Alcohol laws of Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Texas" title="Capital punishment in Texas">Capital punishment in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expungement_in_Texas" title="Expungement in Texas">Expungement in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felony_murder_rule_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Felony murder rule (Texas)">Felony murder rule (Texas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Texas" title="Gambling in Texas">Gambling in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Texas" title="Gun laws in Texas">Gun laws in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deregulation_of_the_Texas_electricity_market" title="Deregulation of the Texas electricity market">Deregulation of the Texas electricity market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Texas">LGBT rights in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_Texas" title="Legal status of Texas">Legal status of Texas</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Texas" title="Politics of Texas">Politics of Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement in Texas">Law enforcement in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Texas" title="Crime in Texas">Crime in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law of the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Texas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council9-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELegislative_Council9_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLegislative_Council">Legislative Council</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-882.F2d.171-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-882.F2d.171_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-882.F2d.171_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-882.F2d.171_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>State of Texas v. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Teen+killer+finally+gets+chance+for+parole+-+in+2047+-+for+Harris+County+deputy%E2%80%99s+shooting&rft.date=2018-11-19&rft.aulast=Blakinger&rft.aufirst=Keri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2F40689f99adb34e2d8d9982d749c7a6bd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CalahanDecline-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CalahanDecline_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalahan2021" class="citation web cs1">Calahan, Rose (January 28, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.texasmonthly.com/the-culture/why-is-death-penalty-on-decline-texas/">"Why Is the Death Penalty on the Decline in Texas?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Texas_Monthly" title="Texas Monthly">Texas Monthly</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Monthly&rft.atitle=Why+Is+the+Death+Penalty+on+the+Decline+in+Texas%3F&rft.date=2021-01-28&rft.aulast=Calahan&rft.aufirst=Rose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.texasmonthly.com%2Fthe-culture%2Fwhy-is-death-penalty-on-decline-texas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLegislative_Council" class="citation book cs1">Research Division of the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislative_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Legislative Council">Texas Legislative Council</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tlc.state.tx.us/pubslegref/gtli.pdf"><i>Guide to Texas Legislative Information</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Texas_Legislative_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Legislative Council">Texas Legislative Council</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36222302">36222302</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+Texas+Legislative+Information&rft.pub=Texas+Legislative+Council&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36222302&rft.au=Research+Division+of+the+Texas+Legislative+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tlc.state.tx.us%2Fpubslegref%2Fgtli.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaw+of+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuarlesCordon2008" class="citation book cs1">Quarles, Brandon D.; Cordon, Matthew C. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LirlUIVqVdYC&pg=PA121"><i>Researching Texas Law</i></a> (2nd ed.). Wm. S. 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Library (page does not exist)">Texas Legislative Reference Library</a> Legislative Archive System</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://texashistory.unt.edu/explore/collections/GLT/">Gammel's The Laws of Texas</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_Libraries" title="University of North Texas Libraries">University of North Texas Libraries</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/">Texas Register</a> from the Texas Secretary of State</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://texashistory.unt.edu/explore/collections/TR/">Texas Register</a> archives from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_Libraries" title="University of North Texas Libraries">University of North Texas Libraries</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.co.harris.tx.us/coatty/countyregulations.aspx">Harris County regulations</a> from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harris_County_Attorney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harris County Attorney (page does not exist)">Harris County Attorney</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.municode.com/resources/gateway.asp?pid=13347&sid=43">Dallas County Code</a> from <a href="/wiki/Municode" class="mw-redirect" title="Municode">Municode</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.resource.org/pub/us/code/city/tx/">Local ordinance codes</a> from <a href="/wiki/Public.Resource.Org" title="Public.Resource.Org">Public.Resource.Org</a></li> <li>Case law: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cite.case.law">"Texas"</a>, <i>Caselaw Access Project</i>, Harvard Law School, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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<li><a href="/wiki/Texas_literature" title="Texas literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Texas" title="Category:Mass media in Texas">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Texas" title="List of newspapers in Texas">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Texas" title="List of radio stations in Texas">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas" title="List of television stations in Texas">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Texas" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Texas">National Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Texas" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas">National Register of Historic Places Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Recorded_Texas_Historic_Landmarks" title="List of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks">Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Texas" title="Sports in Texas">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_state_symbols" title="List of Texas state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Texas" title="List of people from Texas">Texans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Texas" title="Time in Texas">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Texas" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Texas">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Texas" title="Transportation in Texas">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Texas" title="Abortion in Texas">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Texas" title="Culture of Texas">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Texas" title="Crime in Texas">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Texas" title="Demographics of Texas">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Texas" title="Economy of Texas">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Texas" title="Education in Texas">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Texas" title="Gambling in Texas">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Texas" title="Gun laws in Texas">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Texas">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Texas">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Texas" title="Politics of Texas">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Texas" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark-La-Tex" title="Ark-La-Tex">Ark‑La‑Tex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bend_(Texas)" title="Big Bend (Texas)">Big Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boca_Chica_(Texas)" title="Boca Chica (Texas)">Boca Chica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Blackland_Prairies" title="Texas Blackland Prairies">Blackland Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazos_Valley" title="Brazos Valley">Brazos Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Texas" title="Central Texas">Central Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Coastal_Bend" title="Texas Coastal Bend">Coastal Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concho_Valley" title="Concho Valley">Concho Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Timbers" title="Cross Timbers">Cross Timbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas" title="East Texas">East Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Plateau" title="Edwards Plateau">Edwards Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Triangle_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Triangle (Texas)">Golden Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Hill_Country" title="Texas Hill Country">Hill Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llano_Estacado" title="Llano Estacado">Llano Estacado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Texas" title="Northeast Texas">Northeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Plains" title="Osage Plains">Osage Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_panhandle" title="Texas panhandle">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piney_Woods" title="Piney Woods">Piney Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Rio_Grande_Valley" title="Lower Rio Grande Valley">Rio Grande Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Texas" title="Southeast Texas">Southeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Plains" title="South Plains">South Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Texas" title="South Texas">South Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texoma" title="Texoma">Texoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Pecos" title="Trans-Pecos">Trans-Pecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_metropolitan_areas" title="List of Texas metropolitan areas">Metropolitan<br />areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo,_Texas" title="Amarillo, Texas">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a>–<a href="/wiki/Round_Rock,_Texas" title="Round Rock, Texas">Round Rock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Austin" title="Greater Austin">Greater Austin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Texas" title="Beaumont, Texas">Beaumont</a>–<a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Texas" title="Port Arthur, Texas">Port Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Harlingen,_Texas" title="Harlingen, Texas">Harlingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Station,_Texas" title="College Station, Texas">College Station</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>–<a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>–<a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">DFW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>–<a href="/wiki/The_Woodlands,_Texas" title="The Woodlands, Texas">The Woodlands</a>–<a href="/wiki/Sugar_Land,_Texas" title="Sugar Land, Texas">Sugar Land</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Houston" title="Greater Houston">Greater Houston</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killeen,_Texas" title="Killeen, Texas">Killeen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Temple,_Texas" title="Temple, Texas">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Texas" title="Longview, Texas">Longview</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kilgore,_Texas" title="Kilgore, Texas">Kilgore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McAllen,_Texas" title="McAllen, Texas">McAllen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg</a>–<a href="/wiki/Mission,_Texas" title="Mission, Texas">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa,_Texas" title="Odessa, Texas">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_Braunfels,_Texas" title="New Braunfels, Texas">New Braunfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a>–<a href="/wiki/Denison,_Texas" title="Denison, Texas">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Texas" title="Texarkana, Texas">Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler,_Texas" title="Tyler, Texas">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Creek_(Texas)" title="Wagner Creek (Texas)">Wagner Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">List of counties in Texas</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas" title="Portal:Texas">Texas portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Law_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction201" style="text-align:left;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Law_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="Template:Law of the United States by state"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Law_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="Template talk:Law of the United States by state"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Law_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Law of the United States by state"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Law_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction201" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law of the United States</a> by jurisdiction</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Alaska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Alaska (page does not exist)">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_California" title="Law of California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Colorado" title="Law of Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Connecticut" title="Law of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Delaware&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Delaware (page does not exist)">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Florida" title="Law of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Law of Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Hawaii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Hawaii (page does not exist)">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Illinois" title="Law of Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Indiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Louisiana" title="Law of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Massachusetts" title="Law of Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Michigan" title="Law of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Minnesota" title="Law of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Mississippi" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_New_Hampshire" title="Law of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_New_Jersey" title="Law of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_New_Mexico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of New Mexico (page does not exist)">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_New_York_(state)" title="Law of New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_North_Carolina" title="Law of North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Ohio" title="Law of Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Oklahoma" title="Law of Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Pennsylvania" title="Law of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Rhode_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Rhode Island (page does not exist)">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_South_Carolina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of South Carolina (page does not exist)">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_South_Dakota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of South Dakota (page does not exist)">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Tennessee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Tennessee (page does not exist)">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Utah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Utah (page does not exist)">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Vermont" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Virginia" title="Law of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Washington_(state)" title="Law of Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_West_Virginia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of West Virginia (page does not exist)">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Wyoming&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Wyoming (page does not exist)">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of the District of Columbia">Washington, D.C.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_American_Samoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of American Samoa (page does not exist)">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_of_Guam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law of Guam (page does not exist)">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Law of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Law of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;">First-level<br />regulations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States_by_state#State_table" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion in the United States by state">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ages_of_consent_in_North_America#State_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Ages of consent in North America">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Driver%27s_license_in_the_United_States#Licenses_for_minors_and_GDL_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Driver's license in the United States">Age for driver's license</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_marriage_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Age of marriage in the United States">Age of marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_laws_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol laws of the United States">Alcohol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._history_of_alcohol_minimum_purchase_age_by_state" title="U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state">Age of minimum purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ban_on_caffeinated_alcoholic_beverages" class="mw-redirect" title="Ban on caffeinated alcoholic beverages">Caffeinated alcoholic beverages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assisted_suicide_in_the_United_States" title="Assisted suicide in the United States">Assisted suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis_by_U.S._jurisdiction#By_state" title="Legality of cannabis by U.S. jurisdiction">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_the_United_States_by_state" title="Gun laws in the United States by state">Guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Cloning#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Cloning">Human cloning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_regarding_incest_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws regarding incest in the United States">Incest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_income_tax" title="State income tax">Income tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Censorship_in_the_United_States#State_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Censorship in the United States">Internet censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_value_tax_in_the_United_States" title="Land value tax in the United States">Land value tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States#Anti-discrimination_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">LGBT anti-discrimination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_law_in_the_United_States_by_state" title="Same-sex marriage law in the United States by state">Same-sex marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Transgender rights in the United States">Transgender rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_adoption_in_the_United_States#Legal_Status" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT adoption in the United States">LGBT adoption</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States#State" title="Minimum wage in 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