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","attachmentId":31022427,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2236210/Paasi_Anssi_2011_A_Border_theory_an_unattainable_dream_or_a_realistic_aim_for_border_scholars_In_Wastl_Walter_Doris_editor_A_Research_Companion_to_Border_Studies_Aldershot_Ashgate_pp_11_31","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2236210/Paasi_Anssi_2011_A_Border_theory_an_unattainable_dream_or_a_realistic_aim_for_border_scholars_In_Wastl_Walter_Doris_editor_A_Research_Companion_to_Border_Studies_Aldershot_Ashgate_pp_11_31"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="14140886" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14140886/2015_We_want_a_state_of_our_own_Reconstructing_Community_Space_in_Bordering_Areas_of_Central_Asia_The_Journal_of_Territorial_and_Maritime_Studies_Special_Issue_on_Civil_Society_and_Borders_in_Asia_Volume_2_Number_2_July_2015_pp_31_54">2015, “'We want a state of our own!': Reconstructing Community Space in Bordering Areas of Central Asia", The Journal of Territorial and Maritime Studies, Special Issue on Civil Society and Borders in Asia, Volume 2, Number 2 (July 2015) pp. 31-54.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38179" href="https://tsukuba.academia.edu/TimurDadabaev">Timur Dadabaev</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper focuses on the processes of institution of borders in post-Soviet Central Asia and offers highlights of how some of the local communities cope with the decisions made by the central governments in the region with respect to borders. 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Political borders. In Kobayashi, Audrey (editor). International Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Oxford: Elsevier</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2839716" href="https://oulu.academia.edu/AnssiPaasi">Anssi Paasi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Paasi, Anssi (2020). Political borders. In Kobayashi, Audrey (editor). International Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Oxford: Elsevier","attachmentId":61538793,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39312486/Paasi_Anssi_2020_Political_borders_In_Kobayashi_Audrey_editor_International_Encyclopedia_of_Human_Geography_Oxford_Elsevier","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/39312486/Paasi_Anssi_2020_Political_borders_In_Kobayashi_Audrey_editor_International_Encyclopedia_of_Human_Geography_Oxford_Elsevier"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="124256236" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/124256236/BORDER_ENCOUNTERS_BETWEEN_THE_NEIGHBOURS_IN_CENTRAL_ASIA_THE_CASE_OF_VORUKH">BORDER ENCOUNTERS BETWEEN THE NEIGHBOURS IN CENTRAL ASIA: THE CASE OF VORUKH</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3945288" href="https://kaznu.academia.edu/ZhulduzBaizakova">Zhulduz Baizakova</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">BORDER ENCOUNTERS BETWEEN THE NEIGHBOURS IN CENTRAL ASIA: THE CASE OF VORUKH The, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The current situation in the Vorukh enclave, located in the Ferghana Valley, whose borders are clearly disputed by the two Central Asian republics, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, seems rather complicated. Like many other enclaves within Central Asia, Vorukh has high unemployment rates and other socio-economic issues endemic for this region. The enclave turned into the major ignition point for border clashes between the Kyrgyz and Tajik forces for the last few decades. The article examines both tangible and intangible factors that contribute to the tensions between the two states. Factors of ethnic and national identification are surveyed to understand certain actions, views and values of the belligerents during violent border incidents. The border incidents between Bishkek and Dushanbe might be described as interstate, intergovernmental and in some cases interethnic collision. One of the most important steps to resolve the matter is to engage in constructive dialogue and negotiations between the parties involved. This would require a feasible platform for open discussions of the issues, concerns, and grievances of each group, and political willingness to work towards mutually acceptable solutions.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"BORDER ENCOUNTERS BETWEEN THE NEIGHBOURS IN CENTRAL ASIA: THE CASE OF VORUKH","attachmentId":118516759,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124256236/BORDER_ENCOUNTERS_BETWEEN_THE_NEIGHBOURS_IN_CENTRAL_ASIA_THE_CASE_OF_VORUKH","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124256236/BORDER_ENCOUNTERS_BETWEEN_THE_NEIGHBOURS_IN_CENTRAL_ASIA_THE_CASE_OF_VORUKH"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="12139309" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12139309/Book_Review_Reeves_Madeleine_Border_Work_Spatial_Lives_of_the_State_in_Rural_Central_Asia_New_York_NY_Cornell_University_Press_2014">Book Review: Reeves, Madeleine. Border Work. Spatial Lives of the State in Rural Central Asia. New York NY: Cornell University Press, 2014.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12269020" href="https://lboro.academia.edu/AlenaPfoser">Alena Pfoser</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Book Review: Reeves, Madeleine. Border Work. Spatial Lives of the State in Rural Central Asia. New York NY: Cornell University Press, 2014.","attachmentId":37447127,"attachmentType":"doc","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12139309/Book_Review_Reeves_Madeleine_Border_Work_Spatial_Lives_of_the_State_in_Rural_Central_Asia_New_York_NY_Cornell_University_Press_2014","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12139309/Book_Review_Reeves_Madeleine_Border_Work_Spatial_Lives_of_the_State_in_Rural_Central_Asia_New_York_NY_Cornell_University_Press_2014"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="3648980" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3648980/Nation_building_in_Central_Asia_The_Dynamics_of_Ethnic_Boundaries">Nation-building in Central Asia: The Dynamics of Ethnic Boundaries</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3955119" href="https://amu.academia.edu/JeroenJJVandenBosch">Jeroen J. J. Van den Bosch</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Van den Bosch, Jeroen (red. Joanna Marszałek-Kawa), “Nation-building in Central Asia: The Dynamics of Ethnic Boundaries,” Dilemmas of Contemporary Asia, Deliberations on Politics, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń, 2013, pp. 132-148. , 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article aims to analyze the dynamics of nation-building in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Despite their common past, shared communist background and simultaneous independence, each country of this region has tried to find its own answer to their ethnic diversity. This paper will analyze their past, communistic heritage and transition through a new theoretical prism with the aim to draw parallels and differences between all five countries.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nation-building in Central Asia: The Dynamics of Ethnic Boundaries","attachmentId":31342778,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3648980/Nation_building_in_Central_Asia_The_Dynamics_of_Ethnic_Boundaries","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3648980/Nation_building_in_Central_Asia_The_Dynamics_of_Ethnic_Boundaries"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":31597783,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":31597783,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_31597783" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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