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It is near the [[River Wiske]] in the [[Vale of Mowbray]] and had a population of 16,832 in 2011.<ref name="2011 census">{{NOMIS2011|id=1119880089|title=Northallerton Built-up area|access-date=21 July 2018 }}</ref> Northallerton is an administrative centre for [[York and North Yorkshire Combined Authority]] and [[North Yorkshire Council]].<ref name=ntown>{{cite web |date=2 October 2023 |title=Northallerton North Yorkshire |url=https://www.northallerton.info/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002175024/https://www.northallerton.info/ |archivedate= 2 October 2023|access-date=2 January 2024 |website=Northallerton.info}}</ref> There has been a settlement at Northallerton since [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] times. That grew in importance from the 11th century when [[William II of England|King William II]] gifted land there to the [[Bishop of Durham]], and it became an important religious centre. The [[Battle of the Standard]] fought nearby in 1138 involved the death of up to 12,000 Scots.<ref name="battlefield">{{cite book |last=Clark |first=David |title=Battlefield Walks in Yorkshire |page=18 |publisher=Sigma Leisure |year=1999 |isbn=978-1-85058-775-0}} </ref> Northallerton was an important stopping point for [[Coach (carriage)|coaches]] on the road between [[Edinburgh]] and London until the arrival of the railway.<ref name=matt /> == History == ===Early=== Due to its proximity to a Roman road, entrenchments and relics, the earliest settlement at Northallerton was a Roman military station. There is evidence that the Romans had a signal station on Castle Hills just to the west of the town as part of the imperial Roman postal system and a path connecting [[Hadrian's Wall]] with [[Eboracum]] ([[York]]) ran through what is now the neighbouring village of [[Brompton, Hambleton|Brompton]].<ref name="herriot">{{cite web|url=http://www.herriotcountry.com/town_northallerton.html|title=Northallerton|publisher=Herriotcountry.com|access-date=11 April 2008|archive-date=29 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329203647/http://www.herriotcountry.com/town_northallerton.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="history">{{cite book |title=History of Northallerton, Thirsk, Stokesley, Malton, Helmsley|author=T. Whellan & Co|publisher=G. H. Smith & Son}}</ref> The first church was set up by [[Paulinus of York|St Paulinus of York]] on the site of the present All Saints Parish Church sometime in the early 7th century.<ref name="herriot"/> It was made from wood and nothing survives of it. In 855 a stone church was built on the same site; fragments of stone have been found during restoration work which provide strong evidence of this [[Angles (tribe)|Angle]] church.<ref name="herriot"/> It was believed that an [[Anglo-Saxon]] town known as ''Alvertune'' then developed. In [[Pierre de Langtoft]]'s history of [[King Alfred]] he writes that in 865 it was the site of a number of battles between King Elfrid and his brother Alfred on one side and five [[Denmark|Danish]] kings and a similar number of earls.<ref name="history"/> Later, in the 10th century, Danes settled at [[Romanby]] and Brompton. A fine example of English stonecarving from the period, the Brompton [[Hogback (sculpture)|Hogbacks]], can be found in Brompton [[Parish Church]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Walker |first1=Sarah |title=The hogback stones of Brompton, Northallerton |url=https://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/19194398.hogback-stones-brompton-northallerton/ |access-date=9 March 2024 |work=Darlington and Stockton Times |date=4 April 2021 |archive-date=9 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309203814/https://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/19194398.hogback-stones-brompton-northallerton/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the [[Domesday Book|Domesday Survey]], Norman [[scribe]]s named the settlement ''Alvertune'', ''Aluertune'' and ''Alretone'' and there is a reference to the ''Alvertune wapentac'', an area almost identical to the [[Allertonshire]] [[wapentake]] of the [[North Riding of Yorkshire|North Riding]], which was named after the town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=64774|title=Allertonshire or the Wapentake of Allerton|publisher=British History Online|access-date=22 April 2008|archive-date=29 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629203935/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=64774|url-status=live}}</ref> The origin of the town's name is uncertain, though it is believed that the name derives from a derivation of the name ''Aelfere'', Aelfereton translates as the farm belonging to Aelfere<ref name="herriot"/><ref name="name"/> or even of [[King Alfred]].<ref name="history"/> Alternatively it may be referring to the [[Alder]] trees which grew nearby.<ref name="name">{{cite web|url=http://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/2190878.Northallerton_____a_personal_past__or_do_its_roots_lie_in_the_trees_/|title=Northallerton, a personal past or do its roots lie in the trees|publisher=Darlington & Stockton Times|access-date=29 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034856/http://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/2190878.Northallerton_____a_personal_past__or_do_its_roots_lie_in_the_trees_/|url-status=live}}</ref> The prefix of North was added in the 12th century to differentiate from the parish of [[Allerton Mauleverer]], {{convert|25|mi|km|abbr=off}} to the south.<ref name="name"/> Its position on a major route brought death and destruction to the town on many occasions. In 1069, in an attempt to quell rebellion in the north, the area between the [[River Ouse, Yorkshire|Ouse]] and the [[River Tyne|Tyne]] was laid waste by the armies of [[William the Conqueror]]. The town of Northallerton was almost totally destroyed or depopulated. Just a few years later it is described in the [[Domesday Book]] as ''modo est in manu regis et wastum est'' (put down as waste).<ref name="antiquities">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/historyandantiq00inglgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyandantiq00inglgoog/page/n114 93]|quote=modo wastum est.|title=History and Antiquities of North Allerton, in the County of York|publisher=Bell & Daldy|first=Christopher James Davidson |last=Ingledew|access-date=15 April 2008|year=1858}}</ref> === Battle of the Standard === {{Main|Battle of the Standard}} [[File:Battle of the Standard.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument commemorating the Battle of the Standard]] On 22 August 1138,<ref name="battle"/> English forces repelled a Scottish army on Cowton Moor in Brompton parish, around {{convert|2|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} north of the town.<ref name="battle"/> This was the first major battle between the [[Scotland|Scots]] and the English after the [[Norman conquest of England|Norman conquest]] and one of the two major battles in the [[The Anarchy|civil war]] between [[Stephen of England|King Stephen]] and [[Empress Matilda]].<ref name="battle">{{cite web|url=http://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/medieval/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=32|title=Battle of Northallerton|publisher=Battlesfield Trust|access-date=27 April 2008|archive-date=27 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927052328/http://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/medieval/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=32|url-status=live}}</ref> The English forces were summoned by [[Thurstan|Archbishop Thurstan of York]], who had gathered local militia and baronial armies from [[Yorkshire]] and the North Midlands.<ref name="cistercian">{{cite web|url=http://cistercians.shef.ac.uk/people/thurstan-of-york.php|title=Thurstan, archbishop of York|publisher=The Cistercians in Yorkshire|access-date=27 April 2008|archive-date=9 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609151329/http://cistercians.shef.ac.uk/people/thurstan-of-york.php|url-status=live}}</ref> They arrayed themselves round a chariot with a ship's mast carrying the consecrated banners of [[St Peter]] of York, St [[John of Beverley]], St [[Wilfrid of Ripon]] and [[St Cuthbert]] of [[Durham, England|Durham]], it was this standard-bearing chariot that gave the battle its name.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northeastengland.talktalk.net/Northallerton.htm|title=Northallerton and Osmotherley History|publisher=The Yorkshire History Pages|access-date=27 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421205807/http://www.northeastengland.talktalk.net/Northallerton.htm|archive-date=21 April 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[David I of Scotland|King David]] had entered England in support of his niece, Empress Matilda, who was viewed as the rightful heiress to the English throne usurped by King Stephen. With Stephen fighting rebel barons in the south, the Scottish armies had already taken [[Cumberland]] and [[Northumberland]], the city of [[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]] and the royal castle at [[Bamburgh castle|Bamburgh]]. Finding the English in a defensive position on a hill, David elected to force a battle counting on his superior numbers, 16,000 Scots against 10,000 Englishmen.<ref name="battle"/> Repeated attacks by [[Gaels|native Scots]] failed against the onslaught from the English [[Archery|archers]], with losses of up to 12,000 Scots.<ref name="battlefield"/> A subsequent attack by mounted knights met initial success but fell back due to lack of infantry support.<ref name="battle"/> The battle ended when David's reserve deserted, forcing him to retreat. The English elected not to pursue, and despite their great losses the Scots were able to regroup in sufficient number to besiege and capture [[Wark in Tyndale Castle|Wark Castle]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Timbs |first1=John |last2=Gunn |first2=Alexander |title=Abbeys, castles and ancient halls of England and Wales : their legendary lore and popular history |date=1870 |publisher=F.&nbsp;Warne |location=London |page=347|oclc=954052890}}</ref> The victory by the English ensured the safety of [[Northern England]].<ref name="cistercian"/> ===Religion=== [[File:All Saints.jpg|thumb|left|[[All Saints' Church, Northallerton]] ]] Shortly after his accession [[William Rufus]] gave the town, with the lands adjacent, to the [[Bishop of Durham|see of Durham]], and, under the patronage of the bishops of that diocese, it grew in importance, and became an episcopal residence.<ref name="bho">{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=51183#s5|title=Northallerton (All Saints)|publisher=British History Online|access-date=16 April 2008|archive-date=28 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110428030742/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=51183#s5|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1130 a [[Northallerton Castle|castle]] was built on the west side of the town adjacent to North Beck<ref name="genuki"/> by Bishop Rufus and was expanded in 1142 after [[William Cumin]] seized the [[Bishopric of Durham]] in 1141.<ref name="palace"/> The castle was further expanded in 1173 by [[Hugh Pudsey]] and garrisoned by a group of [[County of Flanders|Flemish]] soldiers, an act which enraged [[Henry II of England|King Henry II]] who ordered that it be razed to the ground in 1177.<ref name="genuki">{{cite web|url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/NRY/Northallerton/Northallerton90.html|title=Northallerton:Geographical and Historical information from the year 1890|publisher=Genuki.org|access-date=16 April 2008|archive-date=4 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080204081114/http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/NRY/Northallerton/Northallerton90.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A more substantial fortified palace surrounded by a moat was built on the same site in 1199, replacing the traditional [[motte-and-bailey]] castle. The palace became an important administrative centre for the bishops' lands in [[Yorkshire]] and served as a major residence for the bishops and their staff.<ref name="palace"/> The palace lay on the main road from [[York]] to [[Durham, England|Durham]] and was a regular stopping place for royalty and other dignitaries. The palace fell into ruin by 1658 and the site is now a cemetery.<ref name="palace">{{cite PastScape|mnumber=53968|mname= Bishop Rufus Palace|access-date=16 April 2008}}</ref> In 1318, the town was destroyed by the Scots, under [[James Douglas, Lord of Douglas|Sir James Douglas]] following the [[Capture of Berwick (1318)|Capture of Berwick upon Tweed]]. A [[Carmelite]] priory was founded in 1354,<ref name="Carmelite">{{cite web|url=http://www.carmelite.org/chronology/northallerton.htm|title=British Province of Carmelites- Chronology of Northallerton|publisher=Carmelites.org.uk|access-date=9 May 2008|archive-date=11 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511202517/http://www.carmelite.org/chronology/northallerton.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> but was demolished soon after the [[dissolution of the monasteries]] in 1538.<ref name="Carmelite"/> The site passed to various people and was used for arable farming before a workhouse was built on the site in 1857.<ref name="Carmelite"/> Subsequently, the [[South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust|Friarage Hospital]], which takes its name from the friary, was built.<ref name="NHS">{{cite web|url=http://www.southtees.nhs.uk/live/?a=1800|title=South Tees – Friarage Hospital|publisher=South Tees Hospital Trusts|access-date=9 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080531080041/http://www.southtees.nhs.uk/live/?a=1800|archive-date=31 May 2008}}</ref> Following development of the site in 2006, archaeologists uncovered the remains of eight monks along with other artefacts.<ref>{{cite news |first=Nicola |last=Fenwick |date=28 January 2008 |url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/topstories/display.var.1997942.0.dig_at_homes_site_uncovers_skeletons_of_eight_monks.php |title=Dig at Homes Site Uncovers Skeletons of Eight Monks |work=Northern Echo |access-date=9 May 2008 |archive-date=6 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080606011940/http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/topstories/display.var.1997942.0.dig_at_homes_site_uncovers_skeletons_of_eight_monks.php |url-status=live}}</ref> ===Law and order=== A [[house of correction]] opened in 1783 on Priest Garth (land owned by the Bishop of Durham), beside what is now East Road.<ref name="dands_court">{{cite news |url=https://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/20249845.pictures-northallertons-early-court-house-police-hq/ |title=Pictures: Northallerton's early court house and police HQ |newspaper=Darlington & Stockton Times |last=Lloyd |first=Chris |date=3 July 2022 |accessdate=8 April 2024 |archive-date=8 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408150300/https://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/20249845.pictures-northallertons-early-court-house-police-hq/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This became [[HM Prison Northallerton]], which served (at different times) as an adult prison, a [[Her Majesty's Young Offender Institution|Young Offender Institution]], and a military prison. The prison closed in 2013 and is now partially demolished.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1418378|desc=The Quadrangle, former Her Majesty's Prison Northallerton|access-date=2 February 2016}}</ref> It once had the world's largest [[treadmill]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Newton|first=Grace|title=Dig will reveal remains of punishment treadmill at Yorkshire prison|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/dig-will-reveal-remains-of-punishment-treadmill-at-yorkshire-prison-1-8728810|access-date=16 October 2017|work=The Yorkshire Post|date=30 August 2017|archive-date=17 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017044820/http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/dig-will-reveal-remains-of-punishment-treadmill-at-yorkshire-prison-1-8728810|url-status=live}}</ref> As of February 2021, the site of the former prison has two retail outlets, [[Iceland (supermarket)|Iceland]] and [[Lidl]] situated on it.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/18912638.lidl-iceland-complete-first-phase-northallerton-treadmill/|title=Lidl and Iceland complete first phase of Northallerton Treadmill|last=Lewis|first=Haydn|date=1 December 2020|work=The Press|accessdate=3 March 2024|location=York|archive-date=3 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303164756/https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/18912638.lidl-iceland-complete-first-phase-northallerton-treadmill/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Quarter Sessions]] for the area were held in the town from the 17th century in various buildings including the Tollbooth, the Guild Hall and Vine House.{{sfn|Riordan|2002|p=100}} In 1875, architect [[John Carr (architect)|John Carr]] was commissioned to build a dedicated [[courthouse]] on Zetland Road<!--not Zetland Street, yet-->, adjacent to the prison.<ref name="dands_court"/> When in 1856 the North Riding [[Constabulary]] was founded, one of the last county forces to be formed, Northallerton was selected as its [[headquarters]]. Initially it operated from a converted house beside the prison,{{sfn|Riordan|2002|p=153}} moving to a purpose-built structure in 1880.<ref name="dands_court"/> Police HQ moved to nearby Racecourse Lane (the site of the former Northallerton horse-racing course) in 1910, with the court moving opposite it in 1936.<ref name="dands_court"/> The previous courthouse and police buildings were demolished in the 1990s.<ref name="dands_court"/> The court building on Racecourse Lane later housed the [[magistrates' court (England and Wales)|magistrates' court]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/photos/job/2K/00356 | title=Northallerton Magistrates Court, 3 Racecourse Lane, Northallerton, Hambleton, North Yorkshire | date=13 October 2000 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | website=[[Historic England]] | archive-date=8 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408154431/https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/photos/job/2K/00356 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/16374058.proposed-closure-northallerton-magistrates-court-will-go-ahead-government-announces/ | title=Proposed closure of Northallerton Magistrates' Court WILL go-ahead, Government announces | date=24 July 2018 | accessdate=8 April 2024 | newspaper=[[The Northern Echo]] | first=Janet |last=Gleeson | archive-date=8 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408152938/https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/16374058.proposed-closure-northallerton-magistrates-court-will-go-ahead-government-announces/ | url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Coroner#United Kingdom|coroner's court]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/births-deaths-marriages/death/coroners-and-sudden-death-investigations#accordion-content-0-5 | title=Coroners and sudden death investigations | website=North Yorkshire Council | accessdate=8 April 2024 | archive-date=8 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408152027/https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/births-deaths-marriages/death/coroners-and-sudden-death-investigations#accordion-content-0-5 | url-status=live }}</ref> When the [[Poor Law]] union system was introduced, a [[workhouse]] was established in the town to serve the three parishes in the area. This building is now part of the Friarage Hospital.{{sfn|Chrystal|Sunderland|2010|p=21}} The [[Thirsk Road drill hall, Northallerton|Thirsk Road drill hall]] was opened in 1911, just before the [[World War I|First World War]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.drillhalls.org/Counties/Yorkshire/TownNorthallerton.htm|title=Northallerton|publisher=The drill hall project|access-date=8 July 2017|archive-date=13 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813010529/http://www.drillhalls.org/Counties/Yorkshire/TownNorthallerton.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> == Governance == {{see also|Richmond and Northallerton (UK Parliament constituency)}} [[File:Town Hall, Northallerton.jpg|thumb|[[Northallerton Town Hall]] ]] The ancient parish of Northallerton covered a wide area including the [[Township (England)|townships]] and chapelries of [[Romanby]], [[Brompton, Hambleton|Brompton]] and [[Deighton, Hambleton|Deighton]], and the detached part of [[High Worsall]] on the [[River Tees]]. They became separate civil parishes in the 19th century.<ref name="vch">{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=64779 |title=Parishes: Northallerton |editor-first=William |editor-last=Page |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |year=1914 |work=[[Victoria County History]]: A History of the County of York North Riding: Volume 1 |access-date=5 September 2011 |archive-date=21 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021124044/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=64779 |url-status=live }}</ref> The parish council of Northallerton is a town council and has 12 councillors, elected in four wards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://northallertontowncouncil.gov.uk/town-council/councillors/|title=Councillors|website=Northallerton Town Council|access-date=5 October 2017|archive-date=6 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006062202/http://northallertontowncouncil.gov.uk/town-council/councillors/|url-status=live}}</ref> The town council is based at [[Northallerton Town Hall]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://northallertontowncouncil.gov.uk/hire-the-hall/|title=Town Hall|publisher=Northallerton Town Council|access-date=4 March 2022|archive-date=4 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304234445/https://northallertontowncouncil.gov.uk/hire-the-hall/|url-status=live}}</ref> Northallerton has been [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with [[Ormesson-sur-Marne]], a suburb of [[Paris]], since 1994.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northallertontowncouncil.org/TownTwinning/index.htm |title=Town Twinning |publisher=Northallerton Town Council |access-date=24 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512153931/http://www.northallertontowncouncil.org/TownTwinning/index.htm |archive-date=12 May 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Northallerton North Yorkshire County Hall.jpg|thumb|North Yorkshire [[County Hall, Northallerton|County Hall]] ]] In 1889 the County of York, North Riding administrative county was formed. In 1894 it was divided into municipal boroughs, [[Urban district (Great Britain and Ireland)|urban districts]] and [[rural district]]s. Following a review of [[Local government in the United Kingdom|local government]] in 1974, the North Riding was abolished as an administrative county. The [[Districts of England|district council]] of [[Hambleton District|Hambleton]] was formed from the merger of Northallerton [[Urban district (Great Britain and Ireland)|Urban District]] with [[Bedale]] [[Rural District]], [[Easingwold]] Rural District, Northallerton Rural District, [[Thirsk]] Rural District and [[Croft Rural District]].<ref>Under the [[Local Government Act 1894]] ([[56 & 57 Vict.]] c. 73)</ref> This became part of the [[metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England|non-metropolitan county]] of [[North Yorkshire]].<ref>Under the [[Local Government Act 1972]] (c. 70)</ref> Since 2023, [[North Yorkshire Council]] has provided both [[non-metropolitan district|district-level]] and [[non-metropolitan county|county-level]] services.<ref name=structural>{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The North Yorkshire (Structural Changes) Order 2022|year=2022|number=328|access-date=16 December 2023}}</ref> [[York and North Yorkshire Combined Authority]] assumed its powers on 1 February 2024.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Stuart |last1=Minting |first2=David |last2=Spereall |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2l7v0pww80o |title=York and North Yorkshire Combined Authority launch momentous, say leaders |date=1 February 2024 |website=BBC News |accessdate=5 February 2024 |archive-date=5 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205152408/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2l7v0pww80o |url-status=live}}</ref> The first [[Mayor of York and North Yorkshire]] will be elected in May 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |title=York & North Yorkshire Devolution |url=https://www.ynydevolution.com/ |website= |publisher=York & North Yorkshire Local Enterprise Partnership |date= |access-date=29 August 2023 |archive-date=29 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829120249/https://www.ynydevolution.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Northallerton was a [[parliamentary borough]]. Its first representatives were John le Clerk and Stephen Maunsell, who were elected to the parliament of [[Edward I of England|King Edward I]] in 1298, but no subsequent return was made until 1640, when the privilege was resumed by order of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]].<ref name="genuki" /> From 1640 to 1885, the town formed the [[parliamentary borough]] of [[Northallerton (UK Parliament constituency)|Northallerton]], returning two [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Members of Parliament]] (MPs) until the [[Great Reform Act]] of 1832. Under the Act, boundaries were extended to include Brompton and Romanby and representation was reduced to a single member.<ref>Formally the [[Representation of the People Act 1832]] ([[2 & 3 Will. 4]]. c. 45)</ref> In 1885 the constituency was abolished and absorbed into the [[Richmond (Yorks) (UK Parliament constituency)|Richmond]] division of the [[North Riding of Yorkshire|North Riding]].<ref name="vch" /><ref>Under the [[Redistribution of Seats Act 1885]] ([[48 & 49 Vict.]] c. 23)</ref> The serving member for the Richmond constituency is [[Rishi Sunak]] of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]], who has held the seat since [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]] when he succeeded former party leader and Foreign Secretary [[William Hague]]. Sunak served as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] between 2022 and 2024. In modern times it has been a safe seat for the Conservative Party, which has held it since 1929.{{sfn|Riordan|2002|p=469}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=McGrath |first1=Dominic |title=Sunak ally Hague rejects speculation of key role in Cameron return |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/william-hague-david-cameron-rishi-sunak-graham-brady-cabinet-b2446871.html |access-date=11 April 2024 |work=The Independent |date=14 November 2023 |archive-date=20 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120180536/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/william-hague-david-cameron-rishi-sunak-graham-brady-cabinet-b2446871.html |url-status=live }}</ref> == Geography == === Distance to other places === {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" !Place!!Distance!!Direction!! |- |[[London]]||{{convert|203|miles|km}}||South||Capital |- |[[York]]||{{convert|30|miles|km}}||South east||Historic [[county town]] |- |[[Durham, England|Durham]]||{{convert|30|miles|km}}||North||Historic [[bishopric]] centre |- |[[Middlesbrough]]||{{convert|18|miles|km}}||North east|| |- |[[Ripon]]||{{convert|14|miles|km}}||South west||Closest city |} === Topography === Northallerton lies north of the [[Vale of York]] in the [[Vale of Mowbray]] just south of County Durham. To the west are the [[Pennines]], a range of hills that rise to around {{convert|2000|ft|m|abbr=on}}, and to the east are the [[North York Moors]] which rise to around {{convert|1500|ft|m|abbr=on}}. The proximity of these hills is significant in the climatology of the area. The [[River Wiske]], a tributary of the [[River Swale]] passes to the west of the town. The Wiske is fed by Brompton Beck, Turker Beck, Willow Beck and North Beck all of which flow through the town.{{sfn|Riordan|2002|p=285}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Willow Beck Catchment (trib of Wiske) Water Body |url=https://environment.data.gov.uk/catchment-planning/WaterBody/GB104027069540 |website=environment,data.gov.uk |access-date=11 April 2024 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922043603/https://environment.data.gov.uk/catchment-planning/WaterBody/GB104027069540 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Confluence of Sun Beck and Turker Beck at Northallerton flood warning area – GOV.UK |url=https://check-for-flooding.service.gov.uk/target-area/122FWF242 |website=check-for-flooding.service.gov.uk |access-date=11 April 2024 |archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601223739/https://check-for-flooding.service.gov.uk/target-area/122FWF242 |url-status=live }}</ref> Although small in nature these have been the focus of [[flash flood]]ing in Northallerton and in Brompton village in the 21st century.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www3.northyorks.gov.uk/n2cabinet_area/hambleton_/reports_/20021209_/floodingspreads/floodingspreads.xls|publisher=Hambleton.gov.uk|title=Thirsk Division 2 (Opens as Excel Spreadsheet)|access-date=27 April 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719135952/https://www3.northyorks.gov.uk/n2cabinet_area/hambleton_/reports_/20021209_/floodingspreads/floodingspreads.xls|archive-date=19 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Friarage Hospital flood threat recedes |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-20491862 |access-date=11 April 2024 |work=BBC News |date=26 November 2012 |archive-date=26 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221226021311/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-20491862 |url-status=live }}</ref> === Climate === According to the [[Köppen climate classification|Köppen classification]], the [[British Isles]] experience a [[oceanic climate|maritime climate]] characterised by relatively cool summers and mild winters. Compared with other parts of the country, the Vale of York is slightly warmer and sunnier in the summer and colder and frostier in the winter. Owing to its inland position, and sheltered by the [[Pennines]] to the west,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/ne/ |title=North East England: climate |publisher=[[Met Office]] |access-date=16 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105223816/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/ne/ |archive-date=5 November 2013 }}</ref> North Yorkshire is one of the driest counties in the UK, receiving, on average, around {{convert|600|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain per year. The mean annual daily duration of bright sunshine is three hours and 42 minutes. There are two distinct local weather phenomena. The first is marked downslope [[windward and leeward|lee]] wind caused by the proximity of the Pennines to the west, leading to [[geostrophic wind|super geostrophic winds]] which can reach in excess of 60&nbsp;KT (70&nbsp;mph), most commonly in winter and spring. In the winter, the presence of a [[subsidence inversion]] between the Pennines and the North York Moors can allow dense, persistent [[fog]] to form, sometimes lasting for several days.{{cn|date=April 2024}} The nearest official Met Office weather station to Northallerton is Leeming, about {{convert|5|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} to the west. Temperature extremes have ranged from {{convert|38.8|C|F}} during July 2022, (making Leeming the northernmost place in the UK to exceed {{convert|38|C|F}},<ref>{{cite web| publisher=Ogimet| url=https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=03257&lang=en&decoded=yes&ndays=2&ano=2022&mes=07&day=19&hora=18| title=Decoded Synop Reports – 03257: Leeming (United Kingdom) 2022/07/19| access-date=1 February 2023| archive-date=1 February 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201131821/https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=03257&lang=en&decoded=yes&ndays=2&ano=2022&mes=07&day=19&hora=18| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |publisher=Met Office |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/assets/metofficegovuk/pdf/weather/learn-about/uk-past-events/interesting/2022/2022_03_july_heatwave.pdf |title=Unprecedented Extreme Heatwave July 22 |date=20 September 2022 |last=Kendon |first=Mike |access-date=1 February 2023 |archive-date=1 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101023447/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/assets/metofficegovuk/pdf/weather/learn-about/uk-past-events/interesting/2022/2022_03_july_heatwave.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> down to {{convert|-17.9|C|F}} during December 2010.<ref>{{cite web | publisher=[[UKMO]] | url=http://metofficenews.wordpress.com/2010/12/03/local-minimum-temperature-records-fall-across-the-country/ | title=2010 temperature | date=3 December 2010 | access-date=8 November 2011 | archive-date=8 February 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208103943/http://metofficenews.wordpress.com/2010/12/03/local-minimum-temperature-records-fall-across-the-country/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Leeming recorded its warmest December temperature on record in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gcwvp7zue|title=Northallerton climate|publisher=Met Office|website=www.metoffice.gov.uk|access-date=3 April 2018|archive-date=4 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404135204/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gcwvp7zue|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.tutiempo.net/climate/12-2015/ws-32570.html|title=Climate Leeming (December 2015) – Climate data (32570)|first=Tutiempo Network|last=S.L.|website=www.tutiempo.net|access-date=3 April 2018|archive-date=4 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404201036/https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/12-2015/ws-32570.html|url-status=live}}</ref> {{Weather box |location=Leeming, elevation: {{convert|32|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1965–present |metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed= |Jan record high C=14.1 |Feb record high C=15.9 |Mar record high C=21.2 |Apr record high C=24.6 |May record high C=27.2 |Jun record high C=30.0 |Jul record high C=38.8 |Aug record high C=33.5 |Sep record high C=28.9 |Oct record high C=26.1 |Nov record high C=19.0 |Dec record high C=16.3 |Jan high C=7.0 |Feb high C=7.9 |Mar high C=10.2 |Apr high C=13.0 |May high C=16.0 |Jun high C=18.7 |Jul high C=21.0 |Aug high C=20.5 |Sep high C=17.9 |Oct high C=13.8 |Nov high C=9.9 |Dec high C=7.2 |year high C=13.6 |Jan mean C=4.0 |Feb mean C=4.5 |Mar mean C=6.2 |Apr mean C=8.4 |May mean C=11.3 |Jun mean C=14.1 |Jul mean C=16.3 |Aug mean C=16.0 |Sep mean C=13.6 |Oct mean C=10.2 |Nov mean C=6.6 |Dec mean C=4.1 |year mean C=9.6 |Jan low C=1.1 |Feb low C=1.1 |Mar low C=2.2 |Apr low C=3.9 |May low C=6.5 |Jun low C=9.6 |Jul low C=11.6 |Aug low C=11.4 |Sep low C=9.3 |Oct low C=6.5 |Nov low C=3.4 |Dec low C=1.0 |year low C=5.7 |Jan record low C=-17.3 |Feb record low C=-14.8 |Mar record low C=-9.0 |Apr record low C=-5.7 |May record low C=-3.8 |Jun record low C=1.4 |Jul record low C=3.5 |Aug record low C=2.7 |Sep record low C=0.4 |Oct record low C=-4.2 |Nov record low C=-10.4 |Dec record low C=-17.9 | precipitation colour =green |Jan precipitation mm=53.8 |Feb precipitation mm=44.1 |Mar precipitation mm=39.4 |Apr precipitation mm=46.2 |May precipitation mm=43.8 |Jun precipitation mm=58.8 |Jul precipitation mm=56.2 |Aug precipitation mm=65.3 |Sep precipitation mm=56.9 |Oct precipitation mm=65.0 |Nov precipitation mm=64.8 |Dec precipitation mm=59.5 |year precipitation mm=653.7 |unit precipitation days=1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days=12.0 |Feb precipitation days=10.1 |Mar precipitation days=8.5 |Apr precipitation days=9.1 |May precipitation days=8.7 |Jun precipitation days=9.4 |Jul precipitation days=9.3 |Aug precipitation days=10.1 |Sep precipitation days=9.1 |Oct precipitation days=11.1 |Nov precipitation days=12.2 |Dec precipitation days=11.9 |year precipitation days=121.4 |Jan sun=58.2 |Feb sun=81.7 |Mar sun=121.5 |Apr sun=153.8 |May sun=195.0 |Jun sun=175.9 |Jul sun=185.5 |Aug sun=171.2 |Sep sun=132.7 |Oct sun=93.4 |Nov sun=63.7 |Dec sun=54.2 |year sun=1486.7 | source 1=[[Met Office]]<ref name="Met Averages">{{cite web|url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gcwuvhmch|title=Leeming 1991–2020 averages|access-date=1 February 2023|publisher=Met Office|archive-date=1 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201132720/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gcwuvhmch|url-status=live}}</ref> | source 2=[[European Climate Assessment and Dataset|ECA&D]]<ref>{{cite web| url =https://www.ecad.eu/download/millennium/millennium.php| title =Indices Data – Leeming STAID 2116| access-date =1 February 2023| publisher =[[KNMI (institute)|KNMI]]| archive-date =28 March 2019| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20190328230922/https://www.ecad.eu/download/millennium/millennium.php| url-status =live}}</ref> }} == Demography == {{See also|Demographics of England}} According to the [[United Kingdom Census 2001]], the town of Northallerton had a total resident population of 15,741 or 18.5% of the total of Hambleton District.<ref name="NatStats">Statistics for the town of Northallerton were calculated using data for its four wards (Northallerton Broomfield, North, West and Romanby), which was retrieved from the [http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ National Statistics website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313120701/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ |date=13 March 2009 }}</ref> This figure, combined with an area of {{convert|23.1|km2|sqmi|1}}, provides Northallerton with a [[population density]] figure of {{convert|674|PD/km²|PD/sqmi}}. This is higher than the average population density of England (at {{convert|380|PD/km²|PD/sqmi|0|abbr=on|disp=or}}).{{cn|date=April 2024}} There are 8,203 females and 7,538 males, which works out at 91.9 males for every 100 females.<ref name="NatStats" /> The place of birth of the town's residents was 98.5% United Kingdom, 0.35% Ireland, 0.37% from other European Union countries, and 0.75% from elsewhere in the world.<ref name="NatStats" /> Compared with the average [[demographics of England]], Northallerton has low proportions of people born outside the United Kingdom and ethnic minorities, and above average numbers of people over 65&nbsp;years of age.<ref name="NatStats" /> {| class="wikitable" |+Northallerton compared (2001 Census) ! !!Northallerton!!Hambleton District!!Yorkshire and the Humber!!England |- !Total population!!15,741!!84,111!!4,964,833!!49,138,831 |- ! colspan="5" style="background:#FFFFCC;" |By ethnic grouping |- style="text-align:center;" |White||99%||99.2%||93.5%||91% |- style="text-align:center;" |Asian||0.3%||0.1%||4.5%||4.6% |- style="text-align:center;" |Black||~0%||0.1%||0.7%||2.3% |- style="text-align:center;" |Chinese||0.2%||0.2%||0.4%||0.9% |- style="text-align:center;" |- ! colspan="5" style="background:#FFFFCC;" |By religious grouping |- style="text-align:center;" |Buddhist||0.1%||0.1%||0.1%||0.3% |- style="text-align:center;" |Christian||81.8%||79.6%||73.1%||71.7% |- style="text-align:center;" |Muslim||0.2%||0.1%||0.4%||3.1% |- style="text-align:center;" |Hindu||0.2%||0.1%||0.3%||1.1% |- style="text-align:center;" |Jewish||~0%||~0%||0.2%||0.5% |- style="text-align:center;" |Sikh||0%||~0%||0.4%||0.7% |- style="text-align:center;" |Other religions||0.1%||0.1%||0.2%||0.3% |- style="text-align:center;" |No religion/no religion stated||17.7%||16.5%||21.9%||22.3% |- style="text-align:center;" |- ! colspan="5" style="background:#FFFFCC;" |Other categories |- style="text-align:center;" |Foreign born||1.5%||2.28%||5.25%||9.2% |- style="text-align:center;" |Over 65 years old||18.3%||17.5%||16.1%||16% |- style="text-align:center;" |Unemployed||2.2%||2.0%||3.7%||3.3% |} This table summarises the population changes in the town since 1801: the population grew in the early 19th century and again in the 20th century. In particular, between 1961 and 1991 the population more than doubled. The fall in population between 1851 and 1871 has been attributed to the collapse in coaching as the railways became popular.{{sfn|Riordan|2002|p=140}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;" | Year ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1801 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1811 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1821 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1831 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1841 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1851 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1861 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1871 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1881 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1891 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1901 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1911 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1921 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1931 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1951 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1961 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1971 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1981 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1991 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 2001 ! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 2011 |- style="text-align:center;" ! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;" | Population | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 3,382 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 3,497 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,143 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,839 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,967 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,983 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,871 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 3,164 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 3,692 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 3,802 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,009 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,806 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,794 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 4,786 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 6,087 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 6,726 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 8,742 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 13,858 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 15,050 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 15,741 | style="background:#fff; color:black;" | 16,832 |- | colspan="22" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;" |Sources:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10457373&c_id=10001043&add=N|title=Northallerton Yorkshire through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|access-date=10 May 2008|archive-date=15 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815210751/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10457373&c_id=10001043&add=N|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hambleton.gov.uk/Hambleton%20District%20Council/DWLP_Chap01.pdf|title=Setting the scene|publisher=Hambleton.gov.uk|access-date=10 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609124912/http://www.hambleton.gov.uk/Hambleton%20District%20Council/DWLP_Chap01.pdf|archive-date=9 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Census 1981 [Great Britain], Key statistics for urban areas, Cities and towns: laid before Parliament pursuant to section 4 (1) Census Act 1920 |date=1984 |publisher=HMSO |location=London |isbn=0-11-691061-5 |page=30}}</ref><ref>{{NOMIS2011|id=E34000922|title=Northallerton Built-up area|access-date=11 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Page |editor1-first=William |title=The Victoria history of the county of York. vol 3 |date=1907 |publisher=Constable & Co |location=London |page=503|oclc=500092527}}</ref> |} == Economy == The economic activity of residents aged 16–74 was 44.3% in full-time employment, 15% in part-time employment, 6.8% self-employed, 2.5% unemployed, 2.6% students with jobs, 4.7% students without jobs, 15.8% retired, 6.5% looking after home or family, 5.3% permanently sick or disabled, and 3.1% economically inactive for other reasons.<ref name="NatStats" /> The average price of a house in Northallerton for the 12-month period ending July 2008 was £209,082<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.home.co.uk/guides/house_prices_report.htm?location=northallerton&lastyear=1|title=House Prices Report for Northallerton|publisher=Home.co.uk|access-date=25 September 2008|archive-date=23 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723082623/http://www.home.co.uk/guides/house_prices_report.htm?location=northallerton&lastyear=1|url-status=live}}</ref> compared to £200,433<ref name="land registry" /> for North Yorkshire and the national average of £178,364.<ref name="land registry">{{cite web|url=http://www.landregistry.gov.uk/www/wps/portal/PrimaryWebsite|title=Land Registry|publisher=Landregistry.gov.uk|access-date=25 September 2008|archive-date=1 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001100213/http://www.landregistry.gov.uk/www/wps/portal/PrimaryWebsite|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Northallertonhighstreet.jpg|thumb|Northallerton High Street on market day]] The town is a market centre for the area and also draws traders from further afield to its two annual fairs (formerly four). Cattle [[Droving|drovers]] bringing cattle, horses and sheep from [[Northumbria]] and Scotland regularly came to the town. The original cattle market was by the church, but sheep were sold on High Street until the early part of the 20th century. With the arrival of the [[railway]], a mart was built close to the station, but this closed in 1981 and all business was concentrated on the cattle market held in Applegarth Court.{{sfn|Riordan|2002|p=334}} [[File:Bettys Northallerton.jpg|thumb|[[Bettys]]]] Northallerton's wide High Street incorporates shops, restaurants, pubs and cafes, including local, independent retailers [[Bettys and Taylors of Harrogate|Bettys]], [[Lewis & Cooper]], [[Barkers of Northallerton|Barkers]] and [[Boyes (retailer)|Boyes]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Business Directory Archive |url=https://www.lovenorthallerton.com/business-directory/ |access-date=24 October 2023 |website=Love Northallerton |archive-date=25 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925052533/https://www.lovenorthallerton.com/business-directory/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=ntown /> == Transport == [[File:Azuma 801206 in Northallerton railway station.jpg|thumb|left|Northallerton railway station]] Northallerton was built on the Roman [[Dere Street]]. It was a major stopping point on coach routes between Scotland and London with four [[coaching inn]]s along the High Street. Coaching operations declined in the mid-19th century after the railway arrived in 1841.<ref name=matt>{{cite news|url=https://www.gazetteherald.co.uk/news/4765050.Northallerton___History_on_its_doorstep/|title=Matt Clark investigates North Yorkshire's county town|last=Clark|first=Matt|date=27 November 2009|work=Gazette & Herald|accessdate=3 March 2024|archive-date=3 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303164132/https://www.gazetteherald.co.uk/news/4765050.Northallerton___History_on_its_doorstep/|url-status=live}}</ref> Two main [[A roads in Great Britain|A roads]] pass through the town: the [[A684 road|A684]] runs approximately east–west through the town and links the [[A1(M) motorway]] at [[Leeming Bar]] and the [[A19 road|A19]] at [[Osmotherley, North Yorkshire|Osmotherley]]; the [[A167 road|A167]] runs approximately north–south between the [[A1(M)]] at [[Darlington]] and the A168 at [[Topcliffe, North Yorkshire|Topcliffe]]. The [[A168 road|A168]] runs from [[Wetherby]] via [[Thirsk]] to Northallerton.<ref>{{cite news |title=Coronavirus: Driver speeding at 132mph during lockdown |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-52149154 |access-date=11 April 2024 |work=BBC News |date=3 April 2020 |archive-date=11 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111003403/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-52149154 |url-status=live }}</ref> {{main|Railways in Northallerton}} [[Northallerton railway station]] is operated by [[TransPennine Express]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/ntr/details.html|title=Station Facilities Northallerton|publisher=National Rail|access-date=2 October 2008|archive-date=22 November 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122110902/http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/ntr/details.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and lies on the [[East Coast Main Line]].<ref name="eastcoast">{{cite web|url=http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/east%20coast%20main%20line/east%20coast%20main%20line%20rus.pdf|title=East Coast Main Line|publisher=Network Rail|access-date=2 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529152115/http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/east%20coast%20main%20line/east%20coast%20main%20line%20rus.pdf|archive-date=29 May 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nearby {{rws|Leeming Bar}} is on the heritage [[Wensleydale Railway]] to {{rws|Redmire}} and can be reached by a [[Dales & District]] bus service between the stations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wensleydalerailway.com/|title=The Route|publisher=Wensleydale Railway Association|access-date=2 October 2008|archive-date=14 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014003748/http://www.wensleydalerailway.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> Northallerton's nearest airport is [[Teesside International Airport]], approximately {{convert|15|mi|km|abbr=on}} north of the town, just to the east of [[Darlington]]. == Sport == [[Northallerton Town F.C.|Northallerton Town FC]] plays in the [[Northern League (football)|Northern League]] where it is the southernmost club. In 1994, the club was declared insolvent but was rescued by local businessmen in time for the next season.<ref name="football">{{cite web|url=http://www.northallertontownfc.net/history/history.asp|title=Club History|publisher=Northallerton Town FC|access-date=6 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723225048/http://www.northallertontownfc.net/history/history.asp|archive-date=23 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Brothers [[Michael Dawson (footballer)|Michael Dawson]], [[Andy Dawson]] and Kevin Dawson started their football careers at Northallerton Town.<ref name="dawson">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/just-the-spur-as-dawson-grows-into-a-higher-role-489764.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220621/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/just-the-spur-as-dawson-grows-into-a-higher-role-489764.html |archive-date=21 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Just the spur as Dawson grows into a higher role |publisher=Independent on Sunday |date=1 May 2005 |access-date=6 March 2011 |last=Burt |first=Jason}}</ref> Northallerton [[Rugby Union Football]] Club play in the second division of the Yorkshire League at Brompton Lodge on the outskirts of Brompton.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northallertonrufc.co.uk/|title=Welcome|publisher=Northallerton Rugby Club|access-date=15 January 2011|archive-date=18 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018155631/http://www.northallertonrufc.co.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Copeland |first1=Alexa |title=Sponsorship helps rugby team dress for success |url=https://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/16051743.sponsorship-helps-northallerton-rugby-team-dress-success/ |access-date=15 September 2024 |work=Darlington and Stockton Times |date=27 February 2018}}</ref> Cricket in Northallerton dates from 1812, although the first recorded match played by Northallerton Cricket Club was in the early 1860s.<ref name="cricket" /> The club was one of the six founder member teams of the North Yorkshire Cricket League which was formed in 1893.<ref name="cricket" /> The club join the Thirsk & District Senior League in 1911, winning its first title in 1914.<ref name="cricket" /> Subsequently, known as the York Senior League, Northallerton won the championship a further eight times.<ref name="cricket" /> In 1949, the club moved from its ground adjacent to County Hall to the end of Farndale Avenue in Romanby.<ref name="cricket" /> In 1965 a two tier pavilion, built at a cost of £6,500, was opened with match against a [[Yorkshire County Cricket Club|Yorkshire XI]] which included [[Geoffrey Boycott]].<ref name="cricket">{{cite web|url=http://www.ntcc.moonfruit.com/clubhistory/4517298990|title=Club History|publisher=Northallerton Town Cricket Club|access-date=2 October 2008|archive-date=11 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311095847/https://moonfruit.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> The club fields three teams.<ref name="cricket2">{{cite web |title=Northallerton CC 1st XI |url=http://northallerton.play-cricket.com/teams/team_view.asp?id=10070944 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130131153939/http://northallerton.play-cricket.com/teams/team_view.asp?id=10070944 |archive-date=31 January 2013 |access-date=2 October 2008 |publisher=Northallerton Town Cricket Club}}</ref> The first team plays in division 2 of the North Yorkshire & South Durham Cricket League whilst the second team plays in division 4. The third team currently plays in the Darlington and District Cricket League. The pool at Northallerton Leisure Centre is owned by North Yorkshire Council.<ref name="nlc">{{cite web | url=https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/leisure-tourism-and-culture/leisure-facilities/leisure-facilities-hambleton-area/northallerton-leisure-centre | title=Northallerton leisure centre | website=North Yorkshire Council | accessdate=7 March 2024 | archive-date=1 October 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001150900/https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/leisure-tourism-and-culture/leisure-facilities/leisure-facilities-hambleton-area/northallerton-leisure-centre | url-status=live }}</ref> It is home to Northallerton Amateur Swimming Club. Formed in 1961,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/local/northyorkshire/9004590.swimming-club-celebrate-50th-anniversary/ |title=Swimming club to celebrate 50th anniversary |date=3 May 2011 |access-date=2 March 2024 |work=[[Northern Echo]] |archive-date=2 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302115644/https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/local/northyorkshire/9004590.swimming-club-celebrate-50th-anniversary/ |url-status=live}}</ref> the club competes in the Moors League against others in the region.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/sport/localheroes/news/12929765.banks-five-years-support-helps-growing-northallerton-swimming-club-make-splash/ |title=Bank's five years of support helps growing Northallerton swimming club make a splash |access-date=2 March 2024 |work=[[Northern Echo]] |archive-date=2 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302115649/https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/sport/localheroes/news/12929765.banks-five-years-support-helps-growing-northallerton-swimming-club-make-splash/ |url-status=live |date=4 May 2015 |first=Gareth |last=Dant}}</ref> == Media == [[Bilsdale transmitting station]] is {{convert|8|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} east of Northallerton.<ref name="aircheck">{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.com/thehotw/aircheck_UKYorks.htm|title=Aircheck UK – Yorkshire|publisher=Aircheck UK|access-date=2 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022155814/http://geocities.com/thehotw/aircheck_UKYorks.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> Local radio stations are [[BBC Radio York]] on 104.3&nbsp;FM and [[Minster Northallerton]] launched on 11 June 2007{{cn|date=November 2024}} from 103.5&nbsp;[[Hertz|MHz]] and 102.3&nbsp;MHz, before becoming part of [[Star Radio North East]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://radiotoday.co.uk/news.php?extend.5267 |website=Radio Today |date=14 October 2009 |title=Minster rebranding/Star North East launch details |accessdate=26 January 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091017032921/http://radiotoday.co.uk/news.php?extend.5267 |archivedate=17 October 2009 }}</ref> The frequencies now carry [[Greatest Hits Radio York and North Yorkshire]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://radiotoday.co.uk/2020/05/most-of-acquired-bauer-stations-to-become-greatest-hits-radio/ |title=Most of acquired Bauer stations to become Greatest Hits Radio |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626141037/https://radiotoday.co.uk/2020/05/most-of-acquired-bauer-stations-to-become-greatest-hits-radio/ |archivedate=26 June 2022 |first=Stuart |last=Clarkson |work=Radio Today |date=27 May 2020}}</ref> The town is served by two local newspapers: the North Yorkshire editions of the daily ''[[The Northern Echo|Northern Echo]]'' and the weekly ''[[Darlington & Stockton Times]]'', both published by [[Newsquest]].<ref>{{cite web |date=18 April 2008 |url=http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=40924&sectioncode=7 |title=Northern Echo is top daily at Newsquest |publisher=Pressgazette.co.uk |access-date=2 October 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218080552/http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=40924&sectioncode=7 |archive-date=18 December 2010}}</ref> The ''Northallerton, Thirsk & Bedale Times'' published by [[Johnston Press]] was discontinued in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=Northallerton, Thirsk & Bedale Times (defunct) {{!}} British Newspapers Online |url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-yorks/northallerton-thirsk-bedale-times/ |website=britishpapers.co.uk |access-date=25 March 2023 |date=2 March 2009 |archive-date=25 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325140959/https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-yorks/northallerton-thirsk-bedale-times/ |url-status=live }}</ref> == Entertainment == [[File:Main Hall-The Forum.jpg|thumb|263x263px|Inside The Forum]] The Lyric cinema on the High Street opened in October 1939. It had a capacity of 1,000 seats and was also used as a theatre.<ref name="cinema" /> It fell into disrepair and closed in June 1995.<ref name="cinema" /> The building was bought by the New Life Baptist Church and converted to a place of worship.<ref name="cinema">{{cite web|url=http://cinematreasures.org/theater/3377/|title=Lyric Cinema|publisher=Cinema Treasures|access-date=12 July 2009|archive-date=15 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091115143555/http://cinematreasures.org/theater/3377/|url-status=live}}</ref> The Forum arts and community centre stages theatre productions, films, concerts, and live broadcasts from other theatres.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forumnorthallerton.org.uk/|title=The Forum|publisher=The Forum (Northallerton) Ltd|access-date=25 April 2013|archive-date=20 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620091926/http://www.forumnorthallerton.org.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cineyorkshire.co.uk/news_detail.php?ID=204|title=State of The Art Digital Cinema Opens at Hambleton Forum|date=1 September 2011|access-date=9 April 2013|work=Cine Yorkshire|archive-date=12 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012055948/http://www.cineyorkshire.co.uk/news_detail.php?ID=204|url-status=live}}</ref> As Hambleton Forum, it was owned by Hambleton District Council. The council transferred ownership to a charitable trust in 2012, and it was renamed Northallerton Forum.<ref name="forum_spinoff">{{cite news | url=https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/9935908.volunteers-take-on-running-of-hambleton-forum/ | date=19 September 2012 | title=Volunteers take on running of Hambleton Forum | newspaper=[[The Press (York)|The Press]] | accessdate=3 March 2024 | archive-date=3 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303171327/https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/9935908.volunteers-take-on-running-of-hambleton-forum/ | url-status=live }}</ref> An [[Everyman Cinemas|Everyman Cinema]] opened in May 2023 in the Treadmills development on the former prison site.<ref name="everyman">{{cite news | newspaper=[[The Northern Echo]] | first=Daniel |last=Hordon | date=20 May 2023 | accessdate=3 March 2024 | url=https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/23535625.everyman-northallerton-cinema-opens-doors-saturday/ | title=Everyman Northallerton cinema opens its doors on Saturday | archive-date=3 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303170640/https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/23535625.everyman-northallerton-cinema-opens-doors-saturday/ | url-status=live }}</ref> == Education == [[File:Allertonshire.jpg|thumb|Northallerton School]] There are six [[primary school]]s in Northallerton, (Alvertune, Applegarth, Broomfield, Mill Hill, Oakbridge, and Scared Heart), with Oakbridge being a new school opened in 2024 coupled with a new housing development in north Northallerton.<ref>{{cite web |title=Children and young people's services directory of establishments 2019-2020 |url=https://cyps.northyorks.gov.uk/sites/default/files/School%20office/SCHOOLS201920%20.pdf |website=cyps.northyorks.gov.uk |access-date=15 September 2024 |pages=2, 6, 20, 24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=New primary school opens to first pupils |work=Darlington & Stockton Times |issue=2024-36 |date=6 September 2024 |page=1|issn=2516-5348}}</ref> There is also a secondary school and a Technology College. After completing primary education children move on to the [[Northallerton School]], a [[secondary school]] and [[sixth form]]. In addition further adult learning courses are run at the college through the [[learndirect]] and Nextstep schemes.<ref name="college2">{{cite web|url=http://www.northallertoncoll.org.uk/adult-learners/adult-learners.htm|title=Adult Learners|publisher=Northallerton College|access-date=2 October 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081023075137/http://www.northallertoncoll.org.uk/adult-learners/adult-learners.htm|archive-date=23 October 2008}}</ref> ==Public services== {{See also|Friarage Hospital}} The [[Yorkshire Ambulance Service]] NHS Trust is responsible for provision of statutory [[Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom|emergency medical services]] in the town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.healthcarecommission.org.uk/yourlocalhealthservices/nhsa-zbyorganisationname.cfm?cit_id=3001&widCall1=customWidgets.content_view_1 |title=Tees east and North Yorkshire Ambulance Service NHS Trust |publisher=Healthcare Commission |access-date=25 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926172625/http://www.healthcarecommission.org.uk/yourlocalhealthservices/nhsa-zbyorganisationname.cfm?widCall1=customWidgets.content_view_1&cit_id=3001 |archive-date=26 September 2006}}</ref> The shared headquarters of [[North Yorkshire Police]] and [[North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service]] is in a former [[Rural Payments Agency]] building on Alverton Court.<ref>{{cite web |first=John |last=Plummer |url=https://thestrayferret.co.uk/police-and-fire-hq-evacuated-after-person-hands-in-grenades/ |title=Police and fire HQ evacuated after person hands in grenades |date=28 October 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |publisher=Stray Ferret |archive-date=2 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302124724/https://thestrayferret.co.uk/police-and-fire-hq-evacuated-after-person-hands-in-grenades/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The [[fire station]] is "day crewed", operating from 08:00 to 18:00 each day and on-call outside these hours.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northyorksfire.gov.uk/about_us/fire_stations_test/index.html |title=Map of Area |publisher=North Yorks Fire Service |access-date=14 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929200758/http://www.northyorksfire.gov.uk/about_us/fire_stations_test/index.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 }}</ref> Mains water and sewage services are provided by [[Yorkshire Water]]. Drinking water is supplied from Bullamoor Reservoir, a system of four covered concrete cisterns on the hillside east of the town, which are fed with water from the [[River Ure]] via [[Thornton Steward Reservoir]].<ref name="waterprojects">{{cite journal | url=http://www.waterprojectsonline.com/case_studies/2004/Yorkshire_Thirsk_2004.pdf | title=Thirsk/Northallerton Supply Strategy – improving supply to 13,000 properties over 700 sq kms | first=Paul | last=Stockhill | journal=Water Treatment & Supply | year=2008 | publisher=Water Projects Ltd. | page=214 | access-date=8 September 2019 | archive-date=16 July 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716004234/http://www.waterprojectsonline.com/case_studies/2004/Yorkshire_Thirsk_2004.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref> Until around 2006, Northallerton received its water from [[Cod Beck Reservoir]] near [[Osmotherley, North Yorkshire|Osmotherley]]. The storage at Bullamoor was doubled in 2006 in anticipation of the closure of Cod Beck Water Treatment Works;<ref name="bullamore_tanks">{{cite journal | url=http://www.waterprojectsonline.com/case_studies/2008/Yorkshire%20Bullamoor%20Res%202008.pdf | first=Martin | last=Parvin | title=Bullamoor Service Reservoir – improved security of supply to two Yorkshire areas | journal=Water Treatment & Supply | year=2008 | publisher=Water Projects Ltd. | page=210 | access-date=8 September 2019 | archive-date=16 July 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716011101/http://www.waterprojectsonline.com/case_studies/2008/Yorkshire%20Bullamoor%20Res%202008.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref> Sewage is processed at Northallerton and Romanby Sewage Treatment Works, both in Romanby, which discharge into Willow Beck, a tributary of the [[River Wiske]].<ref name=sewage>{{cite web | url=https://uwwtd.eu/United-Kingdom/treatment-plant/ukenneywtp000030/2014 | title=Northallerton and Romanby STW | year=2014 | website=European Commission urban waste water website: United Kingdom | publisher=[[European Commission]] | access-date=8 September 2019 | archive-date=26 February 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226090022/https://uwwtd.eu/United-Kingdom/treatment-plant/ukenneywtp000030/2014 | url-status=live }}</ref> == Popular culture == The Golden Lion Hotel on Northallerton's High Street depicts a [[public house]] in the 1945 film ''[[The Way to the Stars]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-film-locations.com/The-Way-To-The-Stars-1945|title=The Way to the Stars (1945)|website=British Film Locations|access-date=2 July 2020|archive-date=3 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703004056/http://www.british-film-locations.com/The-Way-To-The-Stars-1945|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reelstreets.com/films/way-to-the-stars-the|title=Way to the Stars, The|website=Reelstreets|access-date=3 July 2020|archive-date=6 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706065351/https://www.reelstreets.com/films/way-to-the-stars-the/|url-status=live}}</ref> Playwright [[Alan Bennett]]'s diaries described the town as 'a place to be avoided'.<ref>{{cite web|volume=20|number=1|date=1 January 1998|title=Diary|last=Bennett|first=Alan|website=London Review of Books|url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v20/n01/alan-bennett/diary|access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-date=26 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626103525/https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v20/n01/alan-bennett/diary |url-status=live }}</ref> == Notable people == {{main|List of people from Northallerton}} == See also == * [[Railways in Northallerton]] == References == {{reflist}} === Sources === *{{cite book |last1=Chrystal |first1=Paul |last2=Sunderland |first2=Mark |title=Northallerton Through Time |date=2010 |publisher=Amberley Publishing |location=Stroud |isbn=978-1-84868-181-1}} *{{cite book|last=Riordan|first=Michael|title=The History of Northallerton:From Earliest Times to the Year 2000|publisher=Blackthorn Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-9540535-0-5}} == External links == {{Commons category|Northallerton}} {{Wikivoyage|Northallerton}} {{NSEW|[[Darlington]] & [[Teesside]]|[[York]] & [[Harrogate]]|[[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]]|[[Bedale]] & [[Kendal]]||||}} {{North Yorkshire}} {{authority control}} {{Good article}} [[Category:Northallerton| ]] [[Category:Market towns in North Yorkshire]] [[Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire]] [[Category:County towns in England]] [[Category:Hambleton District]] [[Category:Towns in North Yorkshire]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" 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