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William S. Vaughn - Wikipedia

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biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">William S. Vaughn</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">December 8, 1903<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Kansas City, Missouri</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">September 20, 1996<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Brighton, New York</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Businessman<br />Philanthropist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Elizabeth Harper Vaughn</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Vaughn" title="William J. Vaughn">William J. Vaughn</a> <small>(paternal grandfather)</small><br />Stella Vaughn <small>(paternal aunt)</small></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William S. Vaughn</b> (1903–1996) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He served as the President of <a href="/wiki/Eastman_Kodak" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastman Kodak">Eastman Kodak</a> from 1960 to 1967, and as its Chairman from 1967 to 1970. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vaughn_House_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vaughn_House_2.jpg/220px-Vaughn_House_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vaughn_House_2.jpg/330px-Vaughn_House_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vaughn_House_2.jpg/440px-Vaughn_House_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Vaughn Home, his paternal grandfather's house on the campus of Vanderbilt University</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_S._Vaughn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>William Scott Vaughn was born on December 8, 1903, in <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> His grandfather, <a href="/wiki/William_J._Vaughn" title="William J. Vaughn">William J. Vaughn</a>, was a Professor of Mathematics at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alabama" title="University of Alabama">University of Alabama</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tuscaloosa,_Alabama" title="Tuscaloosa, Alabama">Tuscaloosa</a> and later at <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>; the Vaughn Home on the Vanderbilt campus is named after him.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> His aunt, Stella Vaughn, pioneered women's athleticism at Vanderbilt University.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> His father, Harry Vaughn, worked as a dentist in Kansas City until he moved back to Nashville to become a businessman and bird collector; his bird collection was later donated to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adventure_Science_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Adventure Science Museum (page does not exist)">Adventure Science Museum</a> (previously known as the Nashville Children's Museum or the Cumberland Science Museum).<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> William, his parents, and his two brothers, Charles and Houghton, lived on 24th Avenue, a few street away from his paternal grandfather's home.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Later, they moved to a farm in the affluent suburb of <a href="/wiki/Brentwood,_Tennessee" title="Brentwood, Tennessee">Brentwood, Tennessee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was educated at the Robertson Academy, where he skipped the eighth grade, and at the <a href="/wiki/Hume-Fogg_High_School" title="Hume-Fogg High School">Hume-Fogg High School</a> in Nashville.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He went on to graduate from <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> in 1923, where he studied German and Mathematics and he was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Phi Beta Kappa Society">Phi Beta Kappa Society</a> and Class Poet.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He was then a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes scholar</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Oxford" title="Christ Church, Oxford">Christ Church</a>, a constituent college of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Mathematics.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_S._Vaughn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He started his career in the development department of Kodak in 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chicago_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> From 1942 to 1943, during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, he worked for the <a href="/wiki/War_Production_Board" title="War Production Board">War Production Board</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chicago_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He returned to Kodak.<sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He became President and Director of the Eastman Chemical Products, a Kodak subsidiary, in 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He then served as the President of Eastman Kodak from 1960 to 1967 and Chairman from 1967 to 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chicago_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-blakemckelvey_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blakemckelvey-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> During his tenure, he committed to the training and employment of more African-Americans.<sup id="cite_ref-blakemckelvey_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blakemckelvey-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He served on its board of directors until 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chicago_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, he served on the Boards of Directors of <a href="/wiki/TRW_Inc." title="TRW Inc.">TRW Inc.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter &amp; Gamble">Procter &amp; Gamble</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chase_Tower_(Rochester)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chase Tower (Rochester)">Lincoln First Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philanthropy">Philanthropy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_S._Vaughn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Philanthropy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He sat on the Board of Trustees of his alma mater, Vanderbilt University, from 1952 to 1995, and as its President from 1968 to 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1985, together with his brother Houghton he donated $350,000 to restore the Vaughn Home on the Vanderbilt campus.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1991, he donated an additional $150,000 to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Penn_Warren_Center_for_the_Humanities&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Penn Warren Center for the Humanities (page does not exist)">Robert Penn Warren Center for the Humanities</a>, a research center named for <a href="/wiki/Robert_Penn_Warren" title="Robert Penn Warren">Robert Penn Warren</a> (1905–1989) at Vanderbilt University.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The <i>William S. Vaughn Visiting Professorship</i> at Vanderbilt University is now named in his honor.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>He also served on the board of trustees of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Rochester" title="University of Rochester">University of Rochester</a> as well as chairman of the board of directors of the <a href="/wiki/Colgate_Rochester_Crozer_Divinity_School" title="Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School">Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Additionally, he served as a trustee of the <a href="/wiki/George_Eastman_House" class="mw-redirect" title="George Eastman House">George Eastman House</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Eastman_School_of_Music" title="Eastman School of Music">Eastman School of Music</a> and the YMCA in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A supporter of Civil Rights for African-Americans, he sat on the National Council of the <a href="/wiki/United_Negro_College_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="United Negro College Fund">United Negro College Fund</a> and he was a member of the Rochester chapter of the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Colored_People" class="mw-redirect" title="National Association for the Advancement of Colored People">National Association for the Advancement of Colored People</a> (NAACP).<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_S._Vaughn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was married to Elizabeth Harper Vaughn, whom he met through his German Professor, <a href="/wiki/George_Pullen_Jackson" title="George Pullen Jackson">George Pullen Jackson</a> (1874–1953), at Vanderbilt University, after the latter suggested he tutor her in German.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> They got married in 1928 in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a>, where they resided.<sup id="cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Later, they resided at 258 Buckland Avenue in <a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Monroe_County,_New_York" title="Brighton, Monroe County, New York">Brighton, New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_S._Vaughn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He died on September 20, 1996, in Brighton, New York.<sup id="cite_ref-kenneth_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chicago_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chicago-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_S._Vaughn&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-vaughnhome-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaughnhome_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vanderbilt.edu/rpw_center/vaughnhistory.php">Vanderbilt University: The Vaughn Home</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kenneth-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kenneth_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth N. Gilpin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/26/nyregion/william-vaughn-93-who-led-kodak-in-a-period-of-expansion.html">William Vaughn, 93, Who Led Kodak in a Period of Expansion</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, September 26, 1996</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chicago-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chicago_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chicago_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chicago_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chicago_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chicago_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/1996/09/29/former-kodak-chief-who-launched-the-instamatic/">Former Kodak Chief Who Launched The Instamatic</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chicago Tribune">The Chicago Tribune</a></i>, September 29, 1996</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kodak.com/country/US/en/corp/kodakHistory/1960_1979.shtml">Kodak history</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blakemckelvey-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blakemckelvey_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blakemckelvey_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Blake McKelvey, <i>Rochester on the Genessee: The Growth of a City</i>, Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 1993, p. 261 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GJD6xfqgzxAC&amp;dq=William+S.+Vaughn+rochester&amp;pg=PA261">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/G._Alexander_Heard" title="G. Alexander Heard">G. Alexander Heard</a>, <i>Speaking of the University: Two Decades at Vanderbilt</i>, Nashville, Tennessee: Vanderbilt University Press, 1995, p. xiii <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AKzMO4wFQ5cC&amp;dq=%22francis+furman%22+nashville&amp;pg=PA325">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vanderbilt.edu/rpw_center/visitingfellowship.php">Vanderbilt University: William S. Vaughn Visiting Professorship</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meadowbrookbrighton.org/about/whos_who.htm">Who's who in Meadowbrook</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6d848949df‐qx9gw Cached time: 20241112214022 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.176 seconds Real time usage: 0.328 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1788/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3821/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 673/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15309/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.051/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2014288/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 174.292 1 -total 76.51% 133.349 1 Template:Infobox_person 14.51% 25.297 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 11.99% 20.897 1 Template:Wikidata_image 10.48% 18.262 1 Template:Reflist 9.65% 16.826 14 Template:Main_other 7.09% 12.358 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 3.49% 6.087 2 Template:Count 2.50% 4.354 2 Template:If_empty --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:41609798-0!canonical and timestamp 20241112214022 and revision id 1245126544. 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