CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91357faa1b47fce3',cH: 'SPTjWxSlQvpoYaGPffbMjzwcjE6xhILOj_ZKBdlFgTU-1739792385-1.2.1.1-DkIaXavf0PLaCcsi6AhI3UQIRmQfShqtDavYfZYchWWL0fG4WPTvjDQfnfJ0YjyU',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=age%20group&__cf_chl_tk=Vz537Yysw_FGg509X9uyK0zUZx2SfwD.7okt7pR8.lQ-1739792385-1.0.1.1-4xAIik1XNxtOY3vR.TAx_uNUXY1ovLdP4BJpJlNestY",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739792385',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=age%20group&__cf_chl_f_tk=Vz537Yysw_FGg509X9uyK0zUZx2SfwD.7okt7pR8.lQ-1739792385-1.0.1.1-4xAIik1XNxtOY3vR.TAx_uNUXY1ovLdP4BJpJlNestY",md: "TIr.il10EKfzoYeFaSv77mE8gBjhLHkv2WAUZaCsquw-1739792385-1.2.1.1-Xc2mvm5UXFoDgGdJ7INZeIKwzL.M9QIV4U9.VIuIvEL35ZH9L5GMzO35jbABH7kHsqd02GEWvanElwb5JigIBkDG3ELXAWZcmNjgK2V.nlQzK5o75EfRyWEYGQYFfbinP7Z5lhoggA_sXK_S5pmW.el2IVRwcr1xIApf5CCzfo.voCfy386sfL6y8h7hDtNnZcOHnmcGXxYdbvdEm1.NE6RNS_3ttoQdVidq_sAIsxeuxfijq3sXfzx13gKF68vyfmULiGaIw5HoVdKZjAcycg2.K4E6hqIjm9eO.X4vNNG1vfTeqlo5H3erUYfZwMSxQKotnt2cJy0YTE2cMezXazOjFRSO6FRwPeXAcbbujjCTuuTGYuMPS79wRZta3SCdfYZCN8.UDzB.AXGW7byjLtvPEIfs50iuuauVDNEtuTZvsjHyZ4YHZUVpGWcW_86.XZbAqYKEUOabID7klVASGqpd0tyFeIh62IxAyZFAe8EIJDnkgBj9c6iSsXyVZA2QdL2A9sD9Pe2qvcD53ieqXSSsrL6GRH8wyN.nZM9t77QWTwPc2M7akg3V6AtNVlBXjoBd1KahxbxpIibqXjMYsBjT_U46JNK3J1pW_FmuloQb0oNZAovvmvp26YU5x395UFYE3rpjRG4Ttn.m42wHluvmocq.oU1mrI9OFuXQTXVfZuCWcF1EetyEAowwrbUFddLVhtNPgGRpfKb105T92kqBEcTsVJ1NnK5dFMK.ce3dR1KI7JAzr7tC.ASCGTuhuaBL90vZKRdexMQeRDzxYhr462Hsjnu494u3jDMUETq6yk_mOmBFK3JUyM3DSFJi5l1bSVwWpa2R64vxQi4W6ZOiV3Cr7O7kgZI5Bmb2d1j0Q9lw6wz2oyiT1gh8Y0qT5VytyVxYMDc3_nz.kh7h.IUHy3UMpI3mgAJtgyNhVpAXT2qeU1HVW.CX1HHZSTlgFbK8Qw0SnpT4gr4Ex_CGOvw11DHlHYna9jLw4_ysr0QMYN69HFzixA_HLYWvpn1xRRL4OZOKPeCuSkd09tVqbO0MvZJ8E3rYH2e4MBbjPOEfRaauxqF1m4IqLbUsKrzeSJg8TL6TC35Uv5jcTw4iTTetjr953TnB5yMuUSC7Ble1NA8i1UvkIhRCNRz6nV1e5fh2z6xtGR5t7jC9wY325q6qci_Ov1az.fWzgXi2hVNvW6YhNXlPU8FINXm7rG7so1micuinca1ubNvxosvoA5eIhYc4k.w4GBVhL5MDOJYTHadxJBzsR8yc9Z2NGI9N6NJCN.DBmlkGTh.PfJ7E_9Jo89IfvdRkO9_quIkNP1JLuXbKsfaPteDNj1XFtGEdsxL0Zx6jGXhNcIVN5ToITgvVGsmjqUMH.sjcr0g3uv.M4BSNpnS2AyUMjSScxf_KtDVtPh01NToLnXBF4akarjcZEKsVW33zpqpc35bA2sI.jHZZ4Y7kTOkakdE5P6R8CGgNjfvpLJplLW4X3Vnw3jjynq7lxJsp4.THftbRtYT8n7DkOThkw3PNzw9I9YHU1CL0qGPjFoBR7crXD9c3j8YYYU_ixX8tfujEbpNOtQrHqHkH7m6hQzdaYjHVybkdSz3Ks.YJtmPOuw3bjfLhEkDfMAheMo8den4ifZHsvxhC.VTuyTXpf9ULOileXoJLwm6vipl4fDF9sfNBwQ.LE7Z.tH14QqUgHjRNSmV9ttm9KACSKkyfYE4t6brHK8d.Xs31owEYOL_wEKsz6HKHJFeHoSBc0ZSOBw6teYHdfFooK1QFYPrWC2RlTeeobKsMDd7FAG5S8llxlTTyTQ5ruRyFPmaKrFXWW.VEhpqc5cW4y1KrGbc.A09dIwDJBrXWcT0WIPXwiZOOILrV4m4fYmaRRH5lsUJ0bzKOuJ2HWB.pOajCA00zu0HylQ3Vv5yE363mmj5OmuYF2HFwGoSnZA",mdrd: "zwTOf6q_NeYue7zeHqw0LqESLz4bGtZooIeljuxU1jA-1739792385-1.2.1.1-LKbI37y6YrpXMsBzV21oNKarA9oF_9zreFIL2gqXFLA26o60jWdV.0np2ezYObPuY9VEGmMhak_QoXwTLZ1mOfvoau2UKs_1loJPpWu68TerlA6_1TjMgUi_lWn_O32GNQprFp06K8E57BI1AP5WNgI0HkIkOQ4W0l_4NCL9JeUJArABG3wXHHazQ544C_GOMWBh.wC313cXQ650d8VRAup9KDVhEi92.KyUyEeOWtd8L0nwusxAmsDh8omfvLPH11z_1xm3kRc_KcG4fzJRxIPlPg340cftHu6T1J4ANMcGRAoUgsXICCjoo44FCSCg809j8S3Wagy.8vvrwxIhvpz3zUqUr.ZNgHvGKybMHJ3Yc1r8ZLJa0FaL1qdcqXwwBU277Fco3pd1l3nH.gWiw_29E24_Nfb6.lU97NlivuwmYuKZBbUZeOWY9tGDsgpeVa6G_ovhjdvFxRQcS0o6oDTx2KUzhw4UUn1Em8UpWwnRUULEmkxnMrEPxb0NemXI86epopP3kDHTWAqbRh3SMYKJdgZw4ScB1IwT3DqW.eXvtyVtX1QkVG7E.NTSv.3DfuWFJCq6N9S3ZomW2y1gstXh193r089scXGziCTT07wZQDojn_zmiX7T0gIB0twAICbbxa5oz2aa5qQGQKF5yXyyIbnQoCYI3Vz87DJOIjrXqCPYca.yTk6P1oUWjqz8maCja17mwizW04kTzKQZFkluU4smwT4uKq1oFTXGYKQNPBd5JvD94IuN097ED0_tf_hS_4hjsGII2seRqq39ySS_g.JNTA6kOGqSqR5wa09A2VCcF9nAeyjAExQxJNmeJYxJo9QTaxQXroRtHiBJlDAAtYAT9_eOcvP2I3yKV14UxuCYNFfUHpq3f7y7K_CuLrPa0TeZ_ZFVg6pBt0OyDOwvN0Kny.QlQbJ0aomZoTWhqsRfFelScfWK_jnBx1XihoVIk.dtWshym_KCPte_L8I3mP.TvYSl7L6S5UFFSZ0q0ep9kmgTqtV.lXgljByWYhhgWlV_LWAuakh4IV6ocHSwmVQhRsVzPmOjwvmsAHg1ls4sGPUrrslCnEVSriWZWnkOT8IxbV5kPpXfEKVnnv0rfkvyF2HM_307OEHGIJq45QJwwhFoNUz51ufFX8pFEL6hoaNU5bHrh4RxyaH3LsfWNl0VR68mkem8k11BNMFyS34AxCSI3Ve7QvSMq44Zym1z6uhlOcKNW1HQ.ihOXOv28R1KDeLAYvShhHeTJdsNc3DHIi4ER_WJHrsCMKNoyLxzhCe2kcqHx7unxQgC9ZDEC9fy_ZNfrOGZ6k0.ASuiGzVOhvZPkkm9WJvfM8mvZ3PSFdshFSOfeDbuQEKmSaUnwKd8vpzU..7gCl2A3aLtq3R0vIB7FsCBOStGvcaT9bL0AveNVMdf5CE70hCkmt8MT8ceL0OdJ7QK4TR1ucTXHX9dNoe_RtpG2OEFQ2FXWzvbzBwglgz6FGHNCVc2_G_Cqn92ArnXPwb6Bg_N.UdWDqAshJtHelMGALLf0k1A_7cpZfUGP.jrTPk437unbS9fbhI7e9SK1eRYACEWI6ecLJHaqVlxrs6bSVuIDazh33wgagi36sWIILHUfHHwU5Zu8R1RghmVESsNsMCf8h9JdJ1euabS9bCZtAiZIc_ZK81_kLujvzds5Sl_ZPG8vrfCjQEvpLQwot_j6mh5gI5opWZkHLfTVGTNeQeaw_csOKIpUSGR17dOPPqzQPCJazBsS_SALXQOaQySUMh9vYKzuV4FngD2PWH9ZinKClRrlzHNFwXhbmPEqIPXd8PeoI_KJq4Oz9oTxKwzQzXjBYUNQQ_ObaMU3G108dwteu2pJB.O2AVlfgRDBMiF43w8vkERZ3zJlIPlJzAFaga_UCCmzlBDRiR5M3wZyyuckVuU_EDSPZc7kHZa3.XijaDIv9plrQbwYRUFw4cz4P.1ZEs4Ud3PkzwFmnAoED56UvgJyld0cskmecNMlwDJ0CEVoQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91357faa1b47fce3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=age%20group&__cf_chl_rt_tk=Vz537Yysw_FGg509X9uyK0zUZx2SfwD.7okt7pR8.lQ-1739792385-1.0.1.1-4xAIik1XNxtOY3vR.TAx_uNUXY1ovLdP4BJpJlNestY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>