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href="#Repeal_with_or_without_re-enactment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Repeal with or without re-enactment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repeal_with_or_without_re-enactment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Express_or_implied_repeal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Express_or_implied_repeal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Express or implied repeal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Express_or_implied_repeal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repeals_with_or_without_savings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repeals_with_or_without_savings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Repeals with or without savings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repeals_with_or_without_savings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parliamentary_procedure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliamentary_procedure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Parliamentary procedure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Parliamentary_procedure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Parliamentary procedure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Parliamentary_procedure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Robert's_Rules_of_Order_Newly_Revised_(RONR)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Robert's_Rules_of_Order_Newly_Revised_(RONR)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Robert's_Rules_of_Order_Newly_Revised_(RONR)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Standard_Code_of_Parliamentary_Procedure_(TSC)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Standard_Code_of_Parliamentary_Procedure_(TSC)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure (TSC)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Standard_Code_of_Parliamentary_Procedure_(TSC)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Legislative use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rescind_and_expunge_from_the_minutes" 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title="Abrogatsioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Abrogatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrogaci%C3%B3n" title="Abrogación – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abrogación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrogacio" title="Abrogacio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Abrogacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE_(%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82)" title="نسخ (حقوق) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نسخ (حقوق)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8" title="निरसन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निरसन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrogazione" title="Abrogazione – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abrogazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat%C3%A1lyon_k%C3%ADv%C3%BCl_helyez%C3%A9s" title="Hatályon kívül helyezés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hatályon kívül helyezés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrogera" title="Abrogera – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Abrogera" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrogare" title="Abrogare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Abrogare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Repeal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrogation" title="Abrogation – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abrogation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrogasion" title="Abrogasion – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Abrogasion" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BB%A2%E9%99%A4" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Removal or reversal of a law</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Repeal Bill" redirects here. For the specific UK bill previously known by that name, see <a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal)_Act_2018" title="European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018">European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018</a>.</div> <p>A <b>repeal</b> (O.F. <i>rapel</i>, modern <i>rappel</i>, from <i>rapeler</i>, <i>rappeler</i>, revoke, <i>re</i> and <i>appeler</i>, appeal)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the removal or reversal of a <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">law</a>. There are two basic types of repeal; a repeal with a re-enactment is used to replace the law with an updated, amended, or otherwise related law, or a repeal without replacement so as to abolish its provisions altogether. </p><p>Removal of <a href="/wiki/Primary_and_secondary_legislation" title="Primary and secondary legislation">secondary legislation</a> is normally referred to as revocation rather than repeal in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>. Under the <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a> of <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a>, the effect of repealing a statute was "to obliterate it completely from the records of Parliament as though it had never been passed."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This, however, is now subject to savings provisions within the <a href="/wiki/Interpretation_Act_1978" title="Interpretation Act 1978">Interpretation Act 1978</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_procedure" title="Parliamentary procedure">parliamentary procedure</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">motion</a> to rescind, repeal, or annul is used to cancel or countermand an action or order previously adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Deliberative_assembly" title="Deliberative assembly">assembly</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Partial_or_full_repeals">Partial or full repeals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Partial or full repeals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <b>partial repeal</b> occurs when a specified part or provision of a previous Act is repealed but other provisions remain in force. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Acts of Union 1800</a>, providing for the union between the formerly separate kingdoms of <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> as the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, was partially repealed in 1922, when (as a consequence of the 1921 <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Treaty" title="Anglo-Irish Treaty">Anglo-Irish Treaty</a>), twenty-six of the thirty-two counties of Ireland were constituted as the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State</a>, and ceased to form part of the United Kingdom. </p><p>A <b>full repeal</b> occurs where the entire Act in question is repealed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Repeal_with_or_without_re-enactment"><span class="anchor" id="Reenactment"></span>Repeal with or without re-enactment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Repeal with or without re-enactment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A typical situation where an Act is <b>repealed and re-enacted</b> is where the law in the area is being updated but the law being repealed needs to be replaced with one suitable for the modern era. Re-enactment can be with or without amendment, although repeal and re-enactment without amendment normally occurs only in the context of a <a href="/wiki/Consolidation_bill" title="Consolidation bill">consolidation bill</a> (a bill to consolidate the law in a particular area). </p><p>For example, the repeal of the <a href="/wiki/Poor_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Poor Law">Poor Laws</a> in England in 1948 reflected their replacement by modern social welfare legislation. </p><p>A <b>repeal without replacement</b> is generally done when a law is no longer effective, or it is shown that a law is having far more negative consequences than were originally envisioned. </p><p>If a campaign for the repeal of a particular law gains particular momentum, an advocate of the repeal might become known as a "repealer". The <a href="/wiki/Repeal_Association" title="Repeal Association">Repeal Association</a> in 19th-century Ireland advocated Irish independence through repeal of the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Acts of Union 1800</a>. </p><p>Many repeals without replacement are the result of significant changes in <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a>. Major examples include: </p> <ul><li>The old <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Crow law">Jim Crow laws</a> or <a href="/wiki/Blue_law" title="Blue law">blue laws</a> in the US</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Corn_Laws" title="Corn Laws">Corn Laws</a> in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, repealed in 1846 after a passionate campaign.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repeal_of_Prohibition_in_the_United_States" title="Repeal of Prohibition in the United States">Repeal of Prohibition in the United States</a>. Enacted by the <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_United_States" title="Prohibition in the United States">prohibition of alcoholic beverages</a> was repealed by the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-first_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-first Amendment</a>. This is the only <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_amendment" title="Constitutional amendment">constitutional amendment</a> to have ever been repealed in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.</li> <li>The massive <a href="/wiki/Statute_Law_Revision_Act_2007_(Ireland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute Law Revision Act 2007 (Ireland)">Statute Law Revision Act 2007</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>, through which 3,225 Acts were repealed, dating back over eight centuries to 1171 and the earliest laws enacted by <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> when it began its invasion of <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>. The statutes repealed include a number of Acts of significant historical interest, including an Act of 1542 providing that the Kings of England shall be Kings of Ireland. This Act is the largest single repealing statute in the history of Ireland.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Express_or_implied_repeal">Express or implied repeal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Express or implied repeal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Repeal" title="Special:EditPage/Repeal">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The repeal of a <a href="/wiki/Statute" title="Statute">statute</a> may be either express or <a href="/wiki/Implied_repeal" title="Implied repeal">implied</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Express repeal</b> occurs where express words are used in a statute to repeal an earlier statute. They are now usually included in a table in a schedule to the statute, for reasons of convenience. </p><p>In the United States, when a bill is passed by the House and Senate and signed by the president, or Congress overrides a presidential veto, the various provisions contained within the newly enacted law are rearranged according to their policy content and cataloged in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a>—a compilation of the general and permanent federal laws of the United States. To repeal any element of an enacted law, Congress must pass a new law containing repeal language and the codified statute's location in the U.S. Code (including the title, chapter, part, section, paragraph and clause). In this way, Congress (and the president) must follow the same rules and procedures for passing any law. When statutes are repealed, their text is simply deleted from the Code and replaced by a note summarizing what used to be there. Once deleted, the repealed statute no longer has the force of law. All repeals of parts of the US Code are, therefore, express repeals. </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Implied_repeal" title="Implied repeal">Implied repeal</a></b> occurs where two statutes are mutually inconsistent. The effect is that the later statute repeals the earlier statute <a href="/wiki/Pro_tanto" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro tanto">pro tanto</a> (in so far as it is inconsistent).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As past and future parliaments are equally sovereign, later parliaments can carry out implied repeal of earlier statute by passing an inconsistent statute, but inconsistency needs to be established before implied repeal can occur.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Repeals_with_or_without_savings">Repeals with or without savings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Repeals with or without savings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Repeals can be with or without savings. </p><p>A <b>repeal without savings</b> eliminates the repealed statute completely. </p><p>A <b>repeal with savings</b> preserves the effect of the repealed statute for limited purposes, such as preventing the reversal of any repeals contained within it, or ensuring that rights granted under its authority are retained. In England and Wales, sections 15 to 17 and 19(2) of the Interpretation Act 1978 set out general savings for all repeals. These re-enact similar provisions from the <a href="/wiki/Interpretation_Act_1889" title="Interpretation Act 1889">Interpretation Act 1889</a>, and before 1953 all <a href="/wiki/Statute_Law_Revision_Act" title="Statute Law Revision Act">Statute Law Revision Acts</a> contained a different general savings provision deemed the <a href="/wiki/Westbury_saving" class="mw-redirect" title="Westbury saving"><i>Westbury</i> saving</a>, which has now fallen out of use. Similar provisions exist in the law of Ireland and other common law countries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parliamentary_procedure">Parliamentary procedure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Parliamentary procedure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Robert's_Rules_of_Order_Newly_Revised_(RONR)"><span id="Robert.27s_Rules_of_Order_Newly_Revised_.28RONR.29"></span>Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Rescind, repeal, or annul or Amend something previously adopted (RONR)</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Motion_that_brings_a_question_again_before_the_assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion that brings a question again before the assembly">Motion that brings a question again before the assembly</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/In_order_when_another_has_the_floor" class="mw-redirect" title="In order when another has the floor">In order when another has the floor</a>?</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Second_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Second (parliamentary procedure)">Requires second</a>?</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Debate_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Debate (parliamentary procedure)">Debatable</a>?</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Reconsideration_of_a_motion" title="Reconsideration of a motion">May be reconsidered</a>?</th><td class="infobox-data">Negative vote only</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Amend_(motion)" title="Amend (motion)">Amendable</a>?</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Voting_basis" class="mw-redirect" title="Voting basis">Vote required</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Majority with notice; or two-thirds; or <a href="/wiki/Majority_of_entire_membership" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority of entire membership">majority of entire membership</a></td></tr></tbody></table><p>In <a href="/wiki/Meeting_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Meeting (parliamentary procedure)">meetings</a> of a deliberative assembly, the motions to <b>rescind</b> (or "repeal" or "annul") and <b>amend something previously adopted</b> are used to change action that was taken. They are two forms of the same <a href="/wiki/Incidental_main_motion" class="mw-redirect" title="Incidental main motion">incidental main motion</a> and they follow the same rules.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A motion to postpone an event or action previously scheduled is a particular case of the motion to amend something previously adopted.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order" title="Robert's Rules of Order">Robert's Rules of Order</a>, the rules for this motion protect against instability arising from small variations in attendance from one meeting to the next. For this reason, the requirements for changing a previous action are greater than those for taking the action in the first place.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A motion to rescind, repeal, annul or amend something already adopted requires a <a href="/wiki/Two-thirds_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-thirds vote">two-thirds vote</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Majority_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority vote">majority vote</a> with <a href="/wiki/Previous_notice" class="mw-redirect" title="Previous notice">previous notice</a>, or a vote of a <a href="/wiki/Majority_of_the_entire_membership" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority of the entire membership">majority of the entire membership</a>, any one of which would suffice.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Demeter%27s_Manual_of_Parliamentary_Law_and_Procedure" title="Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure">Demeter's Manual</a> imposes a similar requirement.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When this motion is used in a <a href="/wiki/Committee" title="Committee">committee</a>, RONR requires a two-thirds vote unless all committee members who voted for the motion to be rescinded or amended are present or have received ample notice; in which case a majority vote is required.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Standard_Code_of_Parliamentary_Procedure_(TSC)"><span id="The_Standard_Code_of_Parliamentary_Procedure_.28TSC.29"></span>The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure (TSC)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure (TSC)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under <a href="/wiki/The_Standard_Code_of_Parliamentary_Procedure" title="The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure">The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure</a>, a repeal or amendment of something already adopted requires only the same vote (usually a majority) and notice that was needed to adopt it in the first place.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This book states, "As a general rule, fewer than a majority should not be authorized to decide anything, and more than a majority should not be required for most decisions"; the book further states that the problem with situations in which a supermajority is required is that "the minority, not the majority, controls."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_use">Legislative use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legislative use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In legislative bodies, the motion to rescind is used for much the same purpose as the motion to <a href="/wiki/Reconsider" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconsider">reconsider</a>; many court decisions treat the two motions as one motion. However, in legislative contexts, it is not the same as a motion to repeal. The difference between rescind and reconsider is that the motion to rescind is ordinarily applied to actions that have been taken and are already in effect. It has been described as being in the nature of a motion to amend by striking out the entire proposal and leaving nothing remaining. It is not in order when the question can be reached by a motion to reconsider. Once legislation has been actually enacted, it is too late to rescind. The vote required to rescind is the same as would be required to repeal the act which it sought to rescind (usually a majority).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rescind_and_expunge_from_the_minutes">Rescind and expunge from the minutes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Rescind and expunge from the minutes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The motion to <b>rescind and expunge from the minutes</b> is used to express the strongest disapproval about action previously taken by a deliberative assembly. Using <a href="/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order" title="Robert's Rules of Order"><i>Roberts Rules of Order Newly Revised</i></a>, this motion requires a vote of a majority of the entire membership.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using <i>The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure</i>, the motion to expunge requires a majority vote (of those voting). The secretary does not erase the expunged motion, but draws a line around it, marks it "expunged by order of this assembly," gives the date of the expunging, and signs the notation.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The expunged motion is not included in any <a href="/wiki/Minutes" title="Minutes">minutes</a> published thereafter.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reconsideration_of_a_motion" title="Reconsideration of a motion">Reconsideration of a motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obrogation" title="Obrogation">Obrogation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repeal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Repeal" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Repeal">Repeal</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Repeal&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepeal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kay v. Goodwin (1830) 6 Bing. 576, per Tindal C.J.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vauxhall Estates, Ltd. v. Liverpool Corporation [1932] 1 KB 733</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ellen Street Estates v. Minister of Health [1934] 1 KB 590</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRobert2011" class="citation book cs1">Robert, Henry M.; et al. (2011). <i>Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised</i> (11th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press. p. 305. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-82020-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-82020-5"><bdi>978-0-306-82020-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert%27s+Rules+of+Order+Newly+Revised&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+PA&rft.pages=305&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-306-82020-5&rft.aulast=Robert&rft.aufirst=Henry+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARepeal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert2011">Robert 2011</a>, p. 180</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert2011">Robert 2011</a>, p. li</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert2011">Robert 2011</a>, pp. 306–307</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Demeter, George (1969). <i>Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure</i>, Blue Book, p. 165 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Sturgis, Alice (2001). <i>The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure</i>, 4th ed., p. 43 (TSC)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TSC, p. 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> National Conference of State Legislatures (2000). <i>Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure</i>, 2000 ed., p. 321–323 </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobert2011">Robert 2011</a>, p. 310</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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procedure">History of parliamentary procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principles_of_parliamentary_procedure" title="Principles of parliamentary procedure">Principles of parliamentary procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deliberative_assembly" title="Deliberative assembly">Deliberative assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee" title="Committee">Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meeting_(parliamentary_procedure)#Session" title="Meeting (parliamentary procedure)">Session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quorum" title="Quorum">Quorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_(legislative)" title="Floor (legislative)">Floor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recognition_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Recognition (parliamentary procedure)">Recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Second (parliamentary procedure)">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debate_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Debate (parliamentary procedure)">Debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Main_motion" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Main motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_(meeting)#Order_of_business" title="Agenda (meeting)">Order of business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minutes" title="Minutes">Minutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting_methods_in_deliberative_assemblies" title="Voting methods in deliberative assemblies">Voting methods in deliberative assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majority" title="Majority">Majority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unanimous_consent" title="Unanimous consent">Unanimous consent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Subsidiary_motion" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Subsidiary motions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postpone_indefinitely" title="Postpone indefinitely">Postpone indefinitely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amend_(motion)" title="Amend (motion)">Amend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee#Commit_(motion)" title="Committee">Commit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postpone_to_a_certain_time" title="Postpone to a certain time">Postpone to a certain time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debate_(parliamentary_procedure)#Motion_to_limit_or_extend_limits_of_debate" title="Debate (parliamentary procedure)">Limit or extend limits of debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Previous_question" title="Previous question">Previous question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture">Cloture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Table (parliamentary procedure)">Lay on the table</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Privileged_motion" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Privileged motions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_(meeting)#Call_for_the_orders_of_the_day" title="Agenda (meeting)">Call for the orders of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raise_a_question_of_privilege" title="Raise a question of privilege">Raise a question of privilege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recess_(break)#Parliamentary_procedure" title="Recess (break)">Recess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adjournment#Motion_to_adjourn" title="Adjournment">Adjourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adjournment#Motion_to_Fix_the_time_to_which_to_adjourn" title="Adjournment">Fix the time to which to adjourn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Incidental_motion" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Incidental motions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Point_of_order" title="Point of order">Point of order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_(motion)" title="Appeal (motion)">Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_the_rules" title="Suspension of the rules">Suspend the rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objection_to_the_consideration_of_a_question" title="Objection to the consideration of a question">Objection to the consideration of a question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_a_question" title="Division of a question">Division of a question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consideration_by_paragraph_or_seriatim" class="mw-redirect" title="Consideration by paragraph or seriatim">Consideration by paragraph or seriatim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_assembly" title="Division of the assembly">Division of the assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting_methods_in_deliberative_assemblies#Motions_relating_to_methods_of_voting_and_the_polls" title="Voting methods in deliberative assemblies">Motions relating to methods of voting and the polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomination#Motions_relating_to_nominations" title="Nomination">Motions relating to nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_motion" title="Prayer motion">Prayer motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requests_and_inquiries#Request_to_be_excused_from_a_duty" title="Requests and inquiries">Request to be excused from a duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requests_and_inquiries" title="Requests and inquiries">Requests and inquiries</a> (<a href="/wiki/Requests_and_inquiries#Parliamentary_inquiry" title="Requests and inquiries">Parliamentary inquiry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requests_and_inquiries#Request_for_information" title="Requests and inquiries">Request for information</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requests_and_inquiries#Request_for_permission_to_withdraw_or_modify_a_motion" title="Requests and inquiries">Request for permission to withdraw or modify a motion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requests_and_inquiries#Request_to_read_papers" title="Requests and inquiries">Request to read papers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requests_and_inquiries#Request_for_any_other_privilege" title="Requests and inquiries">Request for any other privilege</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Motions_that_bring_a_question_again_before_the_assembly" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Motions that bring a question<br />again before the assembly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Table (parliamentary procedure)">Take from the table</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Parliamentary_procedure">Rescind, repeal, annul or amend something previously adopted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee#Discharge_a_committee" title="Committee">Discharge a committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconsideration_of_a_motion" title="Reconsideration of a motion">Reconsider</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_procedure#Legislatures" title="Parliamentary procedure">Legislative procedures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Call_of_the_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Call of the house">Call of the house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoist_(motion)" title="Hoist (motion)">Hoist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_to_pass_on" title="Motion to pass on">Motion to pass on</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recall_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Recall of Parliament">Recall of Parliament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disciplinary_procedures" class="mw-redirect" title="Disciplinary procedures">Disciplinary procedures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censure" title="Censure">Censure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declare_the_chair_vacant" class="mw-redirect" title="Declare the chair vacant">Declare the chair vacant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeach_(motion)" title="Impeach (motion)">Impeach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Naming (parliamentary procedure)">Naming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_authority" title="Parliamentary authority">Parliamentary authorities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order" title="Robert's Rules of Order">Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised</a></i> (RONR)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Standard_Code_of_Parliamentary_Procedure" title="The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure">The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure</a></i> (TSC or Sturgis)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Demeter%27s_Manual_of_Parliamentary_Law_and_Procedure" title="Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure">Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Riddick%27s_Rules_of_Procedure" title="Riddick's Rules of Procedure">Riddick's Rules of Procedure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mason%27s_Manual_of_Legislative_Procedure" title="Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure">Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erskine_May:_Parliamentary_Practice" title="Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice">Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Manual" title="Jefferson's Manual">Jefferson's <i>Manual</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lex_Parliamentaria" title="Lex Parliamentaria">Lex Parliamentaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Odgers%27_Australian_Senate_Practice" title="Odgers' Australian Senate Practice">Odgers' Australian Senate Practice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_Practice" title="House of Representatives Practice">House of Representatives Practice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bourinot%27s_Rules_of_Order" title="Bourinot's Rules of Order">Bourinot's Rules of Order</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beauchesne%27s_Parliamentary_Rules_and_Forms" title="Beauchesne's Parliamentary Rules and Forms">Beauchesne's Parliamentary Rules and Forms</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morin_code" title="Morin code">Morin code</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ABC_of_Chairmanship" title="ABC of Chairmanship">ABC of Chairmanship</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/20px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/40px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Law519" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Law" title="Template:Law"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Law" title="Template talk:Law"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Law" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Law"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Law519" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">Law</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Core subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_law" title="Administrative law">Administrative law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_civil_law_(common_law)" title="Outline of civil law (common law)">Civil law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_law" title="Constitutional law">Constitutional law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract" title="Contract">Contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_law" title="Criminal law">Criminal law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">Crime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deed" title="Deed">Deed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_doctrine" title="Legal doctrine">Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equity_(law)" title="Equity (law)">Equity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evidence_(law)" title="Evidence (law)">Evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">International law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_obligations" title="Law of obligations">Law of obligations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_law" title="Private law">Private law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedural_law" title="Procedural law">Procedure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_procedure" title="Civil procedure">Civil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_procedure" title="Criminal procedure">Criminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property_law" title="Property law">Property law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_law" title="Public law">Public law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punishment" title="Punishment">Punishment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_punishment" title="Corporal punishment">Corporal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restitution_and_unjust_enrichment" title="Restitution and unjust enrichment">Restitution and unjust enrichment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statutory_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Statutory law">Statutory law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tort" title="Tort">Tort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_law" title="Abortion law">Abortion law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_law" title="Agricultural law">Agricultural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_law" title="Aviation law">Aviation law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_law" title="Amnesty law">Amnesty law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank regulation">Banking law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">Bankruptcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_law" title="Commercial law">Commercial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_law" title="Competition law">Competition law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_laws" title="Conflict of laws">Conflict of laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_law" title="Construction law">Construction law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consumer_protection" title="Consumer protection">Consumer protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_law" title="Corporate law">Corporate law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_law" class="mw-redirect" title="IT law">Cyberlaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_policy" title="Drug policy">Drugs law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_law" title="Election law">Election law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_law" title="Energy law">Energy law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_law" title="Entertainment law">Entertainment law</a> (Media law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_law" title="Environmental law">Environmental law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_law" title="Family law">Family law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_law" title="Financial law">Financial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_regulation" title="Financial regulation">Financial regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_law" title="Health law">Health law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_law" title="Immigration law">Immigration law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">International criminal law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_human_rights_law" title="International human rights law">International human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_international_law" title="Slavery in international law">International slavery laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_trade_law" title="International trade law">International trade law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurimetrics" title="Jurimetrics">Jurimetrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_law" title="Labour law">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landlord%E2%80%93tenant_law" title="Landlord–tenant law">Landlord–tenant law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_war" title="Law of war">Law of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_archaeology" title="Legal archaeology">Legal archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_fiction" title="Legal fiction">Legal fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_law" title="Admiralty law">Maritime law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_law" title="Marriage law">Marriage law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_justice" title="Military justice">Military law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationality_law" title="Nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probate" title="Probate">Probate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estate_(law)" title="Estate (law)">Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_and_testament" title="Will and testament">Will and testament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_liability" title="Product liability">Product liability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">Public international law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugee_law" title="Refugee law">Refugee law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reparation_(legal)" title="Reparation (legal)">Reparations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_law" title="Space law">Space law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_law_in_the_United_States" title="Sports law in the United States">Sports law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">State of emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_law" title="Tax law">Tax law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_law" title="Transport law">Transport law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trust_(law)" title="Trust (law)">Trust law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unenforced_law" title="Unenforced law">Unenforced law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sources_of_law" title="Sources of law">Sources of law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charter" title="Charter">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_law" title="Code of law">Legal code</a> / <a href="/wiki/Statutory_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Statutory law">Statutory law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_law" title="Customary law">Custom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_law" title="Divine law">Divine law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_right_of_kings" title="Divine right of kings">Divine right</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legitimacy_(political)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legitimacy (political)">Legitimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">Letters patent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man-made_law" title="Man-made law">Man-made law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_rights_and_legal_rights" title="Natural rights and legal rights">Natural and legal rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_law" title="Case law">Case law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Precedent" title="Precedent">Precedent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_report" title="Law report">Law reports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_treatise" title="Legal treatise">Legal treatise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulation" title="Regulation">Regulations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lawmaking" title="Lawmaking">Law making</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">Ballot measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codification_(law)" title="Codification (law)">Codification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decree" title="Decree">Decree</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edict" title="Edict">Edict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_order_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Executive order (disambiguation)">Executive order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation" title="Proclamation">Proclamation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislation" title="Legislation">Legislation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_and_secondary_legislation" title="Primary and secondary legislation">Delegated legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulation" title="Regulation">Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rulemaking" title="Rulemaking">Rulemaking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promulgation" title="Promulgation">Promulgation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">Ratification</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Repeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">Treaty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concordat" title="Concordat">Concordat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statutory_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Statutory law">Statutory law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statute" title="Statute">Statute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_parliament" title="Act of parliament">Act of parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">Act of Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_structure_doctrine" title="Basic structure doctrine">Basic structure doctrine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_legal_systems" title="List of national legal systems">Legal systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">Civil law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">Common law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_law" title="Chinese law">Chinese law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_pluralism" title="Legal pluralism">Legal pluralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_law" title="Religious law">Religious law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">Canon law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Catholic canon law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_law" title="Hindu law">Hindu law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_law" title="Jain law">Jain law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halakha" title="Halakha">Jewish law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsi_law" title="Parsi law">Parsi law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_law" title="Roman law">Roman law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_law" title="Byzantine law">Byzantine law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_law" title="Socialist law">Socialist law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statutory_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Statutory law">Statutory law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xeer" title="Xeer">Xeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yassa" title="Yassa">Yassa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Legal theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_law" title="Anarchist law">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_theory" title="Contract theory">Contract theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_law" title="Comparative law">Comparative law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressive_function_of_law" title="Expressive function of law">Expressive function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_legal_theory" title="Feminist 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