CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134af754d47fd00',cH: 'sP4uVqqIR.ke4m9W3biRge5fExYv68_T4QlNzdmvtu8-1739783857-1.2.1.1-oeQ6vPG5c5i8K.xywTEYzMNjd1r6k7capgGK.1XJSllwd.DY1TFia96ry6JmcR77',cUPMDTk: "\/10009669\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=FzWxGay6lRDJ3IpdEaA08b_FONPGmr2g5e_SmWy__sw-1739783857-1.0.1.1-gS3ER0k5aWAGlI7uXshLB.mtghX.YKx.rJm01xEqkMw",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739783857',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10009669\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=FzWxGay6lRDJ3IpdEaA08b_FONPGmr2g5e_SmWy__sw-1739783857-1.0.1.1-gS3ER0k5aWAGlI7uXshLB.mtghX.YKx.rJm01xEqkMw",md: "2RHMue20lPXoz9cXitTr6w2k1Lw8L5sQNtESi3jxKys-1739783857-1.2.1.1-3TQTYj6Zx39vyC6tQ81IFbBMBENFCeLX0fJ0NlfOLb_t892tuuhQ0u3veBZDvMc3jrIyWl_5U8RQh3vevPpLlnGiqG21Hkfdjo6DFYpFGbUim.COLwmtVbn7u68NMoIPSEA4y6ME0xd3qpbXwKNzUq9LcpBdNpMg_d2j1MubqAYhCWyHJ4xbUXC3Q2dMbv4z26qrUPjB5KApAI45.sw8F11aeoj3OfRkPZEFTb6ESN5y6uzG.__.YrufgRGUww3eVtCLT6JUXG5vR..GlJSmZofnl3cE6muBGjCBWfkA2Tul5AjtFVYcmr7u_0HiptKsNpV3ffYqkkiEW1EoACtELTcPqQfbSEFIhlLwqvgHSNEx845ESfq3_VaELsN9mXrZGtZrF974D4cD3SCncP9DPQ.VwFAvvmGd71K1ev.I1.cjnbj5ZRaSegMjlA08xg5w4P92hjD1FaLqWO7O8FAQcYOBqe4eUldhwxHJP9W.8LkdwcddOTopqu1yI4_W_D5omzqIDY1DeECo_8Q3KVxzVnzwfk2cUOYT4lC1OmpB6uJWi95l7bhcDAcP8547Aywi4ga2QNa2MqCpgjRZcJj.hUaNNALHg7C7t6QliWsKGwn16p_jTETEnnVf2VgoCuFzBVkEakqyVUK4CfRU4SAbm51uAR52H.o6A99V.KX9rcq0BsaYQL68ncPZO1F8Ois9vX4wE0P6ja1ILRe4AEupa7QIjIzN1SmuEH0GvYwXO8SQMLirGH0iMnHoP67b5D.o61vGb2KnGwCr2WsyaN_Mtznn4EFBMz9gRxqIltBwvt6ux89ydTlE2ThyPDK_nV_divl562h3jidQRi47pbHQYQtYS3wHxRgw7fhCGGEDtGXGhOXcxwIDPxBfQY6ZrOYY_J05ORKNNixxDPIKBXjY.mI2RAOtZcFEqoaojTA12Pz10YSgy6CKTBkpR_cT6kqAhy.LWWm5a75GHhD3t6f_waiw6XI4pxNXfN4_wohmDEfTojJfvRDWmbbwoBazZfVN0ZbBJQhjidQHVvr7pZIrIGayr9kTOWoK1pSHtHf7G3pqzK3yvLBTGMuKtJtaJiRmHXObgIYN2UHv_o_Q6r3ZkIWas.dXZMTGdvtOVCpRD0fqz7KscSOt59vMp5h8KyfQHtC70ardbxwjlwRKj8kK5j532r4gLrZj4XoZzcrMOmwozDhgCP9iWuX4iVOro.yUpvi3fcuQ_iijJwmZQzJy80lmpcQxwPbTNncwfCmzxv._KcfkJEfWJdcpfyWF5CiehhTAA0rZAKkVuVl1sLTcxNWSf5IrVWZkda66RJm6yHlrJvcoqS8emInB8j3T_FhjRWDHjRjmeXXOYW7FuS011ir8VKxs3yiR3Q._OVugAt2ap0AtDOCsflRLsVrSgucvIgeUOZGo5UhLjXbFqgiMyFfO8NVo5cADAiC0vmNa9Q1BUn8d0GaHdnXTrpO0ao.toMg8CT5BWHXgMiAZU1uqedK09oiUE62fmKuEguKBhl9UIXZU_GJWjLchn3GPgPy7SgmlilkizMzB6X6bnzEti1IcrdvaYHtiwb9RdtM3Vpbm7igXjBsjjEOgJP36a_spEqwWp3qHn.vTLYOICQd7svVl4OEafPjKlTbXTVPzKGHJTSimZ358K1PAs2bpUHJzgaiSF7j4TDKDA_SQpzU8aI4CbJ2NLG9Ajt1zPGWnRBrj8RWRkP0Id8QM7ELLTpEoUJIoHtJVaFHWF9tEgNtiOI43r5dxBIGj3vkioxE9bEcFLnynRBJwwY3Jzczjl9QkMhTBj5vHVr0yxZFArb8LPr3gXorRSYOMH47J.swsoZQNTG1gHd2BwzyYwmXR_X1RsedypSh6LsRh05meLKK7fbQ9RG18PqLZb33pZNwwQQo",mdrd: "5lnoXydRfDP6e3IanCwMOipukYas8rAP.hTjM.OU.LA-1739783857-1.2.1.1-o8y7mT6qNTwCsbzcNjHgRLXpqpJzBe5uGFFlN9_9OzlL5m0ouMhaz8zxiAQrZ6TMotHdptOyX8TtoqcKMlUA.E9MPFPp6kZB7Pe5xwqb3_VBT0CkNY5kT7zdStTTA4PMlDAqcBvfSxGOPwm2RyJZXake.ntmAzUNIBAdnTNmywk4BqHI3TcC7DDkrHiOGrK40c_kwLmo9NMxMEEvP2Cz40LnNRULAQBEZhPnVjPdJ9MoAlGkxwoHuZt79pHKiVLdKT5BgF.b.LVajxWxm2vv4RLACzMl0O6MBD6QyCadZzECGUre92j5QUOQxrLKqIEnBg6MgAKLMnl_2VPlHj7MNWpoBQ6TGQIfq7.tR7nbbpEx_3IxlIf3c6K5frIC9M0BR8yXulUfnm1I8wmFggHGsTicvqEDm9uEkIX5f.qZzVt8HaR29YynLEHKL5A1sPPLelbt0klBDD1Bif.vV9xzA6T2NG3V3yjdoTswZF3Yx.9f7mfbZVhi5N5Wf0plht7xUBFPqJCP5SddEtsfigNc0rhtKtWtUZeIO7CpTpnjQ5Pvz7H0wv8d5kQ59iFT3kupimAhCeLw.K89R9xmIoR9bp.U_eCeIVMxfl8i.FpUeMZtjlwbB6h3j3v4BHKW1InJ2A6nS_pvp_KFdgP9v.xHD.BflsedJ8jPuqn8SxCJ3EakAozHLoxkkwHw.7hHNbRswgHWUULXv6QnYNYNR_XoY6LRxZVqDMnqge1oujdIm8EGPaZM86V35Qh7EfdBWoPOLn2oOGi79GBSoruVCmFMfqlAe9CXoVahbutCy1Z05fp6eLLKjnJKRt5skvKgOxHEU.1ic3gyxlcWU6VkUpEi8Z7EjtQgiUlO_fSeHBo1ZNmuEXWbwZGhPR8cP1f7BqpTbDsL2Kb_Y42VkEaSNfJW_zwhCr29wKVyA4o5Y4lT.6gidB33.1KbeXvUJOy0sJJ3eYpWbuaRIXIbBpHaPGzT7S.13tUeq4NY0xmm6jrtXHugijSCU3y1PRASTfED9B7ubCwxKFMTu5TjQvHNegBQw4VxQ0LJErhUc2Ex.PMD7Vo05eWNexsGy0eIe1tmwNTRBT_8Oi5.Nock8_NoQ5C1gfxT8cH2AOkoPtGxM90DyuCLeElvckdcJfk82RXyQM2Hko2xZkMn4PQyrUkvD6DHX887YKQTLi7onWp2D6cniN0j6qKlMycsLHhq4ZYn7mH_a65y7rz6pqIhrDMYQLlwZK_KWwlY1qKV8PoGj2NKbudFR7kbxbcPgxN8bnmF4WD0qsXhqjKRF9iPaY5FheE2sg.MQVrNzo3ABby379vriMrZliNIS8O6EiIoZ3P93JK8HHX_qhyiQTpoudMlzD46lDIikuzdThmamtiXQ6Al_oWWWLzO0CxnAUN.bOBmyMIpS6Rh9E.J6hSSx0M0kuDNndsgB7EshVftvpiT80Cl_mYR1a3DIug5gLOQ7fYIcXJBerPhbNEaL9dCT.u6Qc9Oy6NubNuSoMAelSsy5EjsWPAMgLitmIEYUEBrMUHpzBV9uc1bvRmwdvUZXI2KFjaZ1NpbSL0_bKVfRGjzgvXYObnVI39L.YqvtlaJjLSHU1ARLRpavyW46m4ZbwI9jitWtBxi1Bf8tdexjdKt4ZAMGBLqaxM47DNDEq3Sqfnx5vKNtB86FwMnyxZzgAWareJqBTFhFvMFAlpnDEkn87FL8M2ikrKRTiBIftT9Wr6K8yuCDC0xT7G8uWP8ORA9I1IL9VaCiwMiufHIKhzzEVHoOhw1fU7lJ9Pkgevekn1neSUlpDs8V2OwPW0R5o.xvhv20kGE_0.l64.yoAm.FHpS22xFida7AdeegYPg7ogRheB3lGfAFgIslyE76oqP9KMNL68PF0vKMYO39hOHCJcHpeqNfPKtpZEG7K5otB1YK1TbE3B0kzuiOOLAumG9Td9zOFpA6Weae2nmWkesCVS9pw3EeEWZhwZ7cGylXgQs9cKnZLoDSGS.qgY2RrQKBRMq0A"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134af754d47fd00';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10009669\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=FzWxGay6lRDJ3IpdEaA08b_FONPGmr2g5e_SmWy__sw-1739783857-1.0.1.1-gS3ER0k5aWAGlI7uXshLB.mtghX.YKx.rJm01xEqkMw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>