CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: dimensional error</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: dimensional error"> <meta name="keywords" content="dimensional error"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="dimensional error" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="dimensional error"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4009</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: dimensional error</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4009</span> Sensor Registration in Multi-Static Sonar Fusion Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Longxiang%20Guo">Longxiang Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haoyan%20Hao"> Haoyan Hao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xueli%20Sheng"> Xueli Sheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanjun%20Yu"> Hanjun Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingwei%20Yin"> Jingwei Yin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to prevent target splitting and ensure the accuracy of fusion, system error registration is an important step in multi-static sonar fusion detection system. To eliminate the inherent system errors including distance error and angle error of each sonar in detection, this paper uses offline estimation method for error registration. Suppose several sonars from different platforms work together to detect a target. The target position detected by each sonar is based on each sonar’s own reference coordinate system. Based on the two-dimensional stereo projection method, this paper uses real-time quality control (RTQC) method and least squares (LS) method to estimate sensor biases. The RTQC method takes the average value of each sonar’s data as the observation value and the LS method makes the least square processing of each sonar’s data to get the observation value. In the underwater acoustic environment, matlab simulation is carried out and the simulation results show that both algorithms can estimate the distance and angle error of sonar system. The performance of the two algorithms is also compared through the root mean square error and the influence of measurement noise on registration accuracy is explored by simulation. The system error convergence of RTQC method is rapid, but the distribution of targets has a serious impact on its performance. LS method can not be affected by target distribution, but the increase of random noise will slow down the convergence rate. LS method is an improvement of RTQC method, which is widely used in two-dimensional registration. The improved method can be used for underwater multi-target detection registration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20fusion" title="data fusion">data fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-static%20sonar%20detection" title=" multi-static sonar detection"> multi-static sonar detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20estimation" title=" offline estimation"> offline estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20registration%20problem" title=" sensor registration problem"> sensor registration problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103631/sensor-registration-in-multi-static-sonar-fusion-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103631.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4008</span> A Comparative Study on the Dimensional Error of 3D CAD Model and SLS RP Model for Reconstruction of Cranial Defect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Siva%20Rama%20Krishna">L. Siva Rama Krishna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sriram%20Venkatesh"> Sriram Venkatesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sastish%20Kumar"> M. Sastish Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Uma%20Maheswara%20Chary"> M. Uma Maheswara Chary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid Prototyping (RP) is a technology that produces models and prototype parts from 3D CAD model data, CT/MRI scan data, and model data created from 3D object digitizing systems. There are several RP process like Stereolithography (SLA), Solid Ground Curing (SGC), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), 3D Printing (3DP) among them SLS and FDM RP processes are used to fabricate pattern of custom cranial implant. RP technology is useful in engineering and biomedical application. This is helpful in engineering for product design, tooling and manufacture etc. RP biomedical applications are design and development of medical devices, instruments, prosthetics and implantation; it is also helpful in planning complex surgical operation. The traditional approach limits the full appreciation of various bony structure movements and therefore the custom implants produced are difficult to measure the anatomy of parts and analyse the changes in facial appearances accurately. Cranioplasty surgery is a surgical correction of a defect in cranial bone by implanting a metal or plastic replacement to restore the missing part. This paper aims to do a comparative study on the dimensional error of CAD and SLS RP Models for reconstruction of cranial defect by comparing the virtual CAD with the physical RP model of a cranial defect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20prototyping" title="rapid prototyping">rapid prototyping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=selective%20laser%20sintering" title=" selective laser sintering"> selective laser sintering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cranial%20defect" title=" cranial defect"> cranial defect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error" title=" dimensional error"> dimensional error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3068/a-comparative-study-on-the-dimensional-error-of-3d-cad-model-and-sls-rp-model-for-reconstruction-of-cranial-defect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4007</span> Effects of Manufacture and Assembly Errors on the Output Error of Globoidal Cam Mechanisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuting%20Ji">Shuting Ji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yueming%20Zhang"> Yueming Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Zhao"> Jing Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The output error of the globoidal cam mechanism can be considered as a relevant indicator of mechanism performance, because it determines kinematic and dynamical behavior of mechanical transmission. Based on the differential geometry and the rigid body transformations, the mathematical model of surface geometry of the globoidal cam is established. Then we present the analytical expression of the output error (including the transmission error and the displacement error along the output axis) by considering different manufacture and assembly errors. The effects of the center distance error, the perpendicular error between input and output axes and the rotational angle error of the globoidal cam on the output error are systematically analyzed. A globoidal cam mechanism which is widely used in automatic tool changer of CNC machines is applied for illustration. Our results show that the perpendicular error and the rotational angle error have little effects on the transmission error but have great effects on the displacement error along the output axis. This study plays an important role in the design, manufacture and assembly of the globoidal cam mechanism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globoidal%20cam%20mechanism" title="globoidal cam mechanism">globoidal cam mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacture%20error" title=" manufacture error"> manufacture error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20error" title=" transmission error"> transmission error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20tool%20changer" title=" automatic tool changer"> automatic tool changer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33472/effects-of-manufacture-and-assembly-errors-on-the-output-error-of-globoidal-cam-mechanisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">574</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4006</span> Numerical Solution of Manning's Equation in Rectangular Channels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Abdulrahman">Abdulrahman Abdulrahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When the Manning equation is used, a unique value of normal depth in the uniform flow exists for a given channel geometry, discharge, roughness, and slope. Depending on the value of normal depth relative to the critical depth, the flow type (supercritical or subcritical) for a given characteristic of channel conditions is determined whether or not flow is uniform. There is no general solution of Manning's equation for determining the flow depth for a given flow rate, because the area of cross section and the hydraulic radius produce a complicated function of depth. The familiar solution of normal depth for a rectangular channel involves 1) a trial-and-error solution; 2) constructing a non-dimensional graph; 3) preparing tables involving non-dimensional parameters. Author in this paper has derived semi-analytical solution to Manning's equation for determining the flow depth given the flow rate in rectangular open channel. The solution was derived by expressing Manning's equation in non-dimensional form, then expanding this form using Maclaurin's series. In order to simplify the solution, terms containing power up to 4 have been considered. The resulted equation is a quartic equation with a standard form, where its solution was obtained by resolving this into two quadratic factors. The proposed solution for Manning's equation is valid over a large range of parameters, and its maximum error is within -1.586%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20design" title="channel design">channel design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20engineering" title=" civil engineering"> civil engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20engineering" title=" hydraulic engineering"> hydraulic engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20channel%20flow" title=" open channel flow"> open channel flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manning%27s%20equation" title=" Manning's equation"> Manning's equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20depth" title=" normal depth"> normal depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniform%20flow" title=" uniform flow"> uniform flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72618/numerical-solution-of-mannings-equation-in-rectangular-channels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4005</span> Effects of Canned Cycles and Cutting Parameters on Hole Quality in Cryogenic Drilling of Aluminum 6061-6T</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Islam">M. N. Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Boswell"> B. Boswell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20R.%20Ginting"> Y. R. Ginting</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of canned cycles and cutting parameters on hole quality in cryogenic drilling has been investigated experimentally and analytically. A three-level, three-parameter experiment was conducted by using the design-of-experiment methodology. The three levels of independent input parameters were the following: for canned cycles—a chip-breaking canned cycle (G73), a spot drilling canned cycle (G81), and a deep hole canned cycle (G83); for feed rates—0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm/rev; and for cutting speeds—60, 75, and 100 m/min. The selected work and tool materials were aluminum 6061-6T and high-speed steel (HSS), respectively. For cryogenic cooling, liquid nitrogen (LN2) was used and was applied externally. The measured output parameters were the three widely used quality characteristics of drilled holes—diameter error, circularity, and surface roughness. Pareto ANOVA was applied for analyzing the results. The findings revealed that the canned cycle has a significant effect on diameter error (contribution ratio 44.09%) and small effects on circularity and surface finish (contribution ratio 7.25% and 6.60%, respectively). The best results for the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness were achieved by G81. G73 produced the best circularity results; however, for dimensional accuracy, it was the worst level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circularity" title="circularity">circularity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diameter%20error" title=" diameter error"> diameter error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling%20canned%20cycle" title=" drilling canned cycle"> drilling canned cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pareto%20ANOVA" title=" pareto ANOVA"> pareto ANOVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20roughness" title=" surface roughness"> surface roughness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45782/effects-of-canned-cycles-and-cutting-parameters-on-hole-quality-in-cryogenic-drilling-of-aluminum-6061-6t" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4004</span> Digital Reconstruction of Museum's Statue Using 3D Scanner for Cultural Preservation in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Zaini">Ahmad Zaini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Muhammad%20Reza%20Hadafi"> F. Muhammad Reza Hadafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surya%20Sumpeno"> Surya Sumpeno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhtadin"> Muhtadin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mochamad%20Hariadi"> Mochamad Hariadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The lack of information about museum’s collection reduces the number of visits of museum. Museum’s revitalization is an urgent activity to increase the number of visits. The research's roadmap is building a web-based application that visualizes museum in the virtual form including museum's statue reconstruction in the form of 3D. This paper describes implementation of three-dimensional model reconstruction method based on light-strip pattern on the museum statue using 3D scanner. Noise removal, alignment, meshing and refinement model's processes is implemented to get a better 3D object reconstruction. Model’s texture derives from surface texture mapping between object's images with reconstructed 3D model. Accuracy test of dimension of the model is measured by calculating relative error of virtual model dimension compared against the original object. The result is realistic three-dimensional model textured with relative error around 4.3% to 5.8%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20reconstruction" title="3D reconstruction">3D reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20pattern%20structure" title=" light pattern structure"> light pattern structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture%20mapping" title=" texture mapping"> texture mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museum" title=" museum"> museum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8469/digital-reconstruction-of-museums-statue-using-3d-scanner-for-cultural-preservation-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4003</span> Monitoring Three-Dimensional Models of Tree and Forest by Using Digital Close-Range Photogrammetry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Y.%20Cicekli">S. Y. Cicekli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, tree-dimensional model of tree was created by using terrestrial close range photogrammetry. For this close range photos were taken. Photomodeler Pro 5 software was used for camera calibration and create three-dimensional model of trees. In first test, three-dimensional model of a tree was created, in the second test three-dimensional model of three trees were created. This study aim is creating three-dimensional model of trees and indicate the use of close-range photogrammetry in forestry. At the end of the study, three-dimensional model of tree and three trees were created. This study showed that usability of close-range photogrammetry for monitoring tree and forests three-dimensional model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=close-%20range%20photogrammetry" title="close- range photogrammetry">close- range photogrammetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest" title=" forest"> forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tree" title=" tree"> tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=three-dimensional%20model" title=" three-dimensional model"> three-dimensional model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39825/monitoring-three-dimensional-models-of-tree-and-forest-by-using-digital-close-range-photogrammetry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4002</span> Bi-Dimensional Spectral Basis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Zerroug">Abdelhamid Zerroug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mlle%20Ismahene%20Sehili"> Mlle Ismahene Sehili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spectral methods are usually applied to solve uni-dimensional boundary value problems. With the advantage of the creation of multidimensional basis, we propose a new spectral method for bi-dimensional problems. In this article, we start by creating bi-spectral basis by different ways, we developed also a new relations to determine the expressions of spectral coefficients in different partial derivatives expansions. Finally, we propose the principle of a new bi-spectral method for the bi-dimensional problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20value%20problems" title="boundary value problems">boundary value problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bi-spectral%20methods" title=" bi-spectral methods"> bi-spectral methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bi-dimensional%20Legendre%20basis" title=" bi-dimensional Legendre basis"> bi-dimensional Legendre basis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20method" title=" spectral method"> spectral method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38573/bi-dimensional-spectral-basis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4001</span> Relevancy Measures of Errors in Displacements of Finite Elements Analysis Results</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Bolkhir">A. B. Bolkhir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Elshafie"> A. Elshafie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20K.%20Yousif"> T. K. Yousif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper highlights the methods of error estimation in finite element analysis (FEA) results. It indicates that the modeling error could be eliminated by performing finite element analysis with successively finer meshes or by extrapolating response predictions from an orderly sequence of relatively low degree of freedom analysis results. In addition, the paper eliminates the round-off error by running the code at a higher precision. The paper provides application in finite element analysis results. It draws a conclusion based on results of application of methods of error estimation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis%20%28FEA%29" title="finite element analysis (FEA)">finite element analysis (FEA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretization%20error" title=" discretization error"> discretization error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=round-off%20error" title=" round-off error"> round-off error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh%20refinement" title=" mesh refinement"> mesh refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=richardson%20extrapolation" title=" richardson extrapolation"> richardson extrapolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monotonic%20convergence" title=" monotonic convergence"> monotonic convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37639/relevancy-measures-of-errors-in-displacements-of-finite-elements-analysis-results" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4000</span> The Non-Existence of Perfect 2-Error Correcting Lee Codes of Word Length 7 over Z</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catarina%20Cruz">Catarina Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Breda"> Ana Breda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tiling problems have been capturing the attention of many mathematicians due to their real-life applications. In this study, we deal with tilings of Zⁿ by Lee spheres, where n is a positive integer number, being these tilings related with error correcting codes on the transmission of information over a noisy channel. We focus our attention on the question ‘for what values of n and r does the n-dimensional Lee sphere of radius r tile Zⁿ?’. It seems that the n-dimensional Lee sphere of radius r does not tile Zⁿ for n ≥ 3 and r ≥ 2. Here, we prove that is not possible to tile Z⁷ with Lee spheres of radius 2 presenting a proof based on a combinatorial method and faithful to the geometric idea of the problem. The non-existence of such tilings has been studied by several authors being considered the most difficult cases those in which the radius of the Lee spheres is equal to 2. The relation between these tilings and error correcting codes is established considering the center of a Lee sphere as a codeword and the other elements of the sphere as words which are decoded by the central codeword. When the Lee spheres of radius r centered at elements of a set M ⊂ Zⁿ tile Zⁿ, M is a perfect r-error correcting Lee code of word length n over Z, denoted by PL(n, r). Our strategy to prove the non-existence of PL(7, 2) codes are based on the assumption of the existence of such code M. Without loss of generality, we suppose that O ∈ M, where O = (0, ..., 0). In this sense and taking into account that we are dealing with Lee spheres of radius 2, O covers all words which are distant two or fewer units from it. By the definition of PL(7, 2) code, each word which is distant three units from O must be covered by a unique codeword of M. These words have to be covered by codewords which dist five units from O. We prove the non-existence of PL(7, 2) codes showing that it is not possible to cover all the referred words without superposition of Lee spheres whose centers are distant five units from O, contradicting the definition of PL(7, 2) code. We achieve this contradiction by combining the cardinality of particular subsets of codewords which are distant five units from O. There exists an extensive literature on codes in the Lee metric. Here, we present a new approach to prove the non-existence of PL(7, 2) codes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Golomb-Welch%20conjecture" title="Golomb-Welch conjecture">Golomb-Welch conjecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee%20metric" title=" Lee metric"> Lee metric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perfect%20Lee%20codes" title=" perfect Lee codes"> perfect Lee codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tilings" title=" tilings"> tilings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95455/the-non-existence-of-perfect-2-error-correcting-lee-codes-of-word-length-7-over-z" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3999</span> Calibration of the Radical Installation Limit Error of the Accelerometer in the Gravity Gradient Instrument</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danni%20Cong">Danni Cong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meiping%20Wu"> Meiping Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaofeng%20He"> Xiaofeng He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junxiang%20Lian"> Junxiang Lian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliang%20Cao"> Juliang Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaokuncai"> Shaokuncai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Qin"> Hao Qin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gravity gradient instrument (GGI) is the core of the gravity gradiometer, so the structural error of the sensor has a great impact on the measurement results. In order not to affect the aimed measurement accuracy, limit error is required in the installation of the accelerometer. In this paper, based on the established measuring principle model, the radial installation limit error is calibrated, which is taken as an example to provide a method to calculate the other limit error of the installation under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result. This method provides the idea for deriving the limit error of the geometry structure of the sensor, laying the foundation for the mechanical precision design and physical design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20gradient%20sensor" title="gravity gradient sensor">gravity gradient sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20installation%20limit%20error" title=" radial installation limit error"> radial installation limit error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerometer" title=" accelerometer"> accelerometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniaxial%20rotational%20modulation" title=" uniaxial rotational modulation"> uniaxial rotational modulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75475/calibration-of-the-radical-installation-limit-error-of-the-accelerometer-in-the-gravity-gradient-instrument" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3998</span> High Capacity Reversible Watermarking through Interpolated Error Shifting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hae-Yeoun%20Lee">Hae-Yeoun Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reversible watermarking that not only protects the copyright but also preserve the original quality of the digital content have been intensively studied. In particular, the demand for reversible watermarking has increased. In this paper, we propose a reversible watermarking scheme based on interpolation-error shifting and error precompensation. The intensity of a pixel is interpolated from the intensities of neighbouring pixels, and the difference histogram between the interpolated and the original intensities is obtained and modified to embed the watermark message. By restoring the difference histogram, the embedded watermark is extracted and the original image is recovered by compensating for the interpolation error. The overflow and underflow are prevented by error precompensation. To show the performance of the method, the proposed algorithm is compared with other methods using various test images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reversible%20watermarking" title="reversible watermarking">reversible watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20capacity" title=" high capacity"> high capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20quality" title=" high quality"> high quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpolated%20error%20shifting" title=" interpolated error shifting"> interpolated error shifting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20precompensation" title=" error precompensation"> error precompensation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7023/high-capacity-reversible-watermarking-through-interpolated-error-shifting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3997</span> An Adaptive Back-Propagation Network and Kalman Filter Based Multi-Sensor Fusion Method for Train Location System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-ding%20Du">Yu-ding Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi-lian%20Bao"> Qi-lian Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassim%20Bessaad"> Nassim Bessaad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Liu"> Lin Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is regarded as an effective approach for the purpose of replacing the large amount used track-side balises in modern train localization systems. This paper describes a method based on the data fusion of a GNSS receiver sensor and an odometer sensor that can significantly improve the positioning accuracy. A digital track map is needed as another sensor to project two-dimensional GNSS position to one-dimensional along-track distance due to the fact that the train’s position can only be constrained on the track. A model trained by BP neural network is used to estimate the trend positioning error which is related to the specific location and proximate processing of the digital track map. Considering that in some conditions the satellite signal failure will lead to the increase of GNSS positioning error, a detection step for GNSS signal is applied. An adaptive weighted fusion algorithm is presented to reduce the standard deviation of train speed measurement. Finally an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used for the fusion of the projected 1-D GNSS positioning data and the 1-D train speed data to get the estimate position. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method performs well, which can reduce positioning error notably. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-sensor%20data%20fusion" title="multi-sensor data fusion">multi-sensor data fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=train%20positioning" title=" train positioning"> train positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title=" GNSS"> GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=odometer" title=" odometer"> odometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20track%20map" title=" digital track map"> digital track map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=map%20matching" title=" map matching"> map matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BP%20neural%20network" title=" BP neural network"> BP neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20weighted%20fusion" title=" adaptive weighted fusion"> adaptive weighted fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98264/an-adaptive-back-propagation-network-and-kalman-filter-based-multi-sensor-fusion-method-for-train-location-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3996</span> Design and Performance Improvement of Three-Dimensional Optical Code Division Multiple Access Networks with NAND Detection Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satyasen%20Panda">Satyasen Panda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urmila%20Bhanja"> Urmila Bhanja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have presented and analyzed three-dimensional (3-D) matrices of wavelength/time/space code for optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) networks with NAND subtraction detection technique. The 3-D codes are constructed by integrating a two-dimensional modified quadratic congruence (MQC) code with one-dimensional modified prime (MP) code. The respective encoders and decoders were designed using fiber Bragg gratings and optical delay lines to minimize the bit error rate (BER). The performance analysis of the 3D-OCDMA system is based on measurement of signal to noise ratio (SNR), BER and eye diagram for a different number of simultaneous users. Also, in the analysis, various types of noises and multiple access interference (MAI) effects were considered. The results obtained with NAND detection technique were compared with those obtained with OR and AND subtraction techniques. The comparison results proved that the NAND detection technique with 3-D MQC\MP code can accommodate more number of simultaneous users for longer distances of fiber with minimum BER as compared to OR and AND subtraction techniques. The received optical power is also measured at various levels of BER to analyze the effect of attenuation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cross%20Correlation%20%28CC%29" title="Cross Correlation (CC)">Cross Correlation (CC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Three%20dimensional%20Optical%20Code%20Division%20Multiple%20Access%20%283-D%20OCDMA%29" title=" Three dimensional Optical Code Division Multiple Access (3-D OCDMA)"> Three dimensional Optical Code Division Multiple Access (3-D OCDMA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spectral%20Amplitude%20Coding%20Optical%20Code%20Division%20Multiple%20Access%20%28SAC-OCDMA%29" title=" Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA)"> Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multiple%20Access%20Interference%20%28MAI%29" title=" Multiple Access Interference (MAI)"> Multiple Access Interference (MAI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phase%20Induced%20Intensity%20Noise%20%28PIIN%29" title=" Phase Induced Intensity Noise (PIIN)"> Phase Induced Intensity Noise (PIIN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Three%20Dimensional%20Modified%20Quadratic%20Congruence%2FModified%20Prime%20%283-D%20MQC%2FMP%29%20code" title=" Three Dimensional Modified Quadratic Congruence/Modified Prime (3-D MQC/MP) code"> Three Dimensional Modified Quadratic Congruence/Modified Prime (3-D MQC/MP) code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57485/design-and-performance-improvement-of-three-dimensional-optical-code-division-multiple-access-networks-with-nand-detection-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3995</span> A Trapezoidal-Like Integrator for the Numerical Solution of One-Dimensional Time Dependent Schrödinger Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johnson%20Oladele%20Fatokun">Johnson Oladele Fatokun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20P.%20Akpan"> I. P. Akpan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the one-dimensional time dependent Schrödinger equation is discretized by the method of lines using a second order finite difference approximation to replace the second order spatial derivative. The evolving system of stiff ordinary differential equation (ODE) in time is solved numerically by an L-stable trapezoidal-like integrator. Results show accuracy of relative maximum error of order 10-4 in the interval of consideration. The performance of the method as compared to an existing scheme is considered favorable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schrodinger%E2%80%99s%20equation" title="Schrodinger’s equation">Schrodinger’s equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equations" title=" partial differential equations"> partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method%20of%20lines%20%28MOL%29" title=" method of lines (MOL)"> method of lines (MOL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiff%20ODE" title=" stiff ODE"> stiff ODE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trapezoidal-like%20integrator" title=" trapezoidal-like integrator "> trapezoidal-like integrator </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11665/a-trapezoidal-like-integrator-for-the-numerical-solution-of-one-dimensional-time-dependent-schrodinger-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3994</span> Dynamic Compensation for Environmental Temperature Variation in the Coolant Refrigeration Cycle as a Means of Increasing Machine-Tool Precision</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robbie%20C.%20Murchison">Robbie C. Murchison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCkdemiral"> Ibrahim Küçükdemiral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Cowell"> Andrew Cowell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal effects are the largest source of dimensional error in precision machining, and a major proportion is caused by ambient temperature variation. The use of coolant is a primary means of mitigating these effects, but there has been limited work on coolant temperature control. This research critically explored whether CNC-machine coolant refrigeration systems adapted to actively compensate for ambient temperature variation could increase machining accuracy. Accuracy data were collected from operators’ checklists for a CNC 5-axis mill and statistically reduced to bias and precision metrics for observations of one day over a sample period of 27 days. Temperature data were collected using three USB dataloggers in ambient air, the chiller inflow, and the chiller outflow. The accuracy and temperature data were analysed using Pearson correlation, then the thermodynamics of the system were described using system identification with MATLAB. It was found that 75% of thermal error is reflected in the hot coolant temperature but that this is negligibly dependent on ambient temperature. The effect of the coolant refrigeration process on hot coolant outflow temperature was also found to be negligible. Therefore, the evidence indicated that it would not be beneficial to adapt coolant chillers to compensate for ambient temperature variation. However, it is concluded that hot coolant outflow temperature is a robust and accessible source of thermal error data which could be used for prevention strategy evaluation or as the basis of other thermal error strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNC%20manufacturing" title="CNC manufacturing">CNC manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine-tool" title=" machine-tool"> machine-tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20machining" title=" precision machining"> precision machining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20error" title=" thermal error"> thermal error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157403/dynamic-compensation-for-environmental-temperature-variation-in-the-coolant-refrigeration-cycle-as-a-means-of-increasing-machine-tool-precision" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3993</span> Grating Scale Thermal Expansion Error Compensation for Large Machine Tools Based on Multiple Temperature Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenlong%20Feng">Wenlong Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenchun%20Du"> Zhenchun Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianguo%20Yang"> Jianguo Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To decrease the grating scale thermal expansion error, a novel method which based on multiple temperature detections is proposed. Several temperature sensors are installed on the grating scale and the temperatures of these sensors are recorded. The temperatures of every point on the grating scale are calculated by interpolating between adjacent sensors. According to the thermal expansion principle, the grating scale thermal expansion error model can be established by doing the integral for the variations of position and temperature. A novel compensation method is proposed in this paper. By applying the established error model, the grating scale thermal expansion error is decreased by 90% compared with no compensation. The residual positioning error of the grating scale is less than 15um/10m and the accuracy of the machine tool is significant improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20expansion%20error%20of%20grating%20scale" title="thermal expansion error of grating scale">thermal expansion error of grating scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20compensation" title=" error compensation"> error compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20tools" title=" machine tools"> machine tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20method" title=" integral method"> integral method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34355/grating-scale-thermal-expansion-error-compensation-for-large-machine-tools-based-on-multiple-temperature-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3992</span> Using Derivative Free Method to Improve the Error Estimation of Numerical Quadrature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin-Yun%20Chen">Chin-Yun Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerical integration is an essential tool for deriving different physical quantities in engineering and science. The effectiveness of a numerical integrator depends on different factors, where the crucial one is the error estimation. This work presents an error estimator that combines a derivative free method to improve the performance of verified numerical quadrature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20quadrature" title="numerical quadrature">numerical quadrature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20estimation" title=" error estimation"> error estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=derivative%20free%20method" title=" derivative free method"> derivative free method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interval%20computation" title=" interval computation "> interval computation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17210/using-derivative-free-method-to-improve-the-error-estimation-of-numerical-quadrature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3991</span> Medical Error: Concept and Description According to Brazilian Physicians</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitor%20S.%20Mendonca">Vitor S. Mendonca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Luisa%20S.%20Schmidt"> Maria Luisa S. Schmidt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Brazilian medical profession is viewed as being error-free, so healthcare professionals who commit an error are condemned there. Medical errors occur frequently in the Brazilian healthcare system, so identifying better options for handling this issue has become of interest primarily for physicians. The purpose of this study is to better understand the tensions involved in the fear of making an error due to the harm and risk this would represent for those involved. A qualitative study was performed by means of the narratives of the lived experiences of ten acting physicians in the State of Sao Paulo. The concept and characterization of errors were discussed, together with the fear of making an error, the near misses or error in itself, how to deal with errors and what to do to avoid them. The analysis indicates an excessive pressure in the medical profession for error-free practices, with a well-established physician-patient relationship to facilitate the management of medical errors. The error occurs, but a lack of information and discussion often leads to its concealment due to fear or possible judgment by society or peers. The establishment of programs that encourage appropriate medical conduct in the event of an error requires coherent answers for humanization in Brazilian medical science. It is necessary to improve the discussion about medical errors and disseminate models of communication and notification of errors in Brazil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20error" title="medical error">medical error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrative" title=" narrative"> narrative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physician-patient%20relationship" title=" physician-patient relationship"> physician-patient relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20research" title=" qualitative research"> qualitative research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102416/medical-error-concept-and-description-according-to-brazilian-physicians" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3990</span> Relativistic Energy Analysis for Some q Deformed Shape Invariant Potentials in D Dimensions Using SUSYQM Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Suparmi">A. Suparmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Cari"> C. Cari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yunianto"> M. Yunianto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20N.%20Pratiwi"> B. N. Pratiwi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> D-dimensional Dirac equations of q-deformed shape invariant potentials were solved using supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SUSY QM) in the case of exact spin symmetry. The D dimensional radial Dirac equation for shape invariant potential reduces to one-dimensional Schrodinger type equation by an appropriate variable and parameter change. The relativistic energy spectra were analyzed by using SUSY QM and shape invariant properties from radial D dimensional Dirac equation that have reduced to one dimensional Schrodinger type equation. The SUSY operator was used to generate the D dimensional relativistic radial wave functions, the relativistic energy equation reduced to the non-relativistic energy in the non-relativistic limit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D-dimensional%20dirac%20equation" title="D-dimensional dirac equation">D-dimensional dirac equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-central%20potential" title=" non-central potential"> non-central potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SUSY%20QM" title=" SUSY QM"> SUSY QM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20wave%20function" title=" radial wave function"> radial wave function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43601/relativistic-energy-analysis-for-some-q-deformed-shape-invariant-potentials-in-d-dimensions-using-susyqm-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3989</span> Error Amount in Viscoelasticity Analysis Depending on Time Step Size and Method used in ANSYS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Fettahoglu">A. Fettahoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Theory of viscoelasticity is used by many researchers to represent behavior of many materials such as pavements on roads or bridges. Several researches used analytical methods and rheology to predict the material behaviors of simple models. Today, more complex engineering structures are analyzed using Finite Element Method, in which material behavior is embedded by means of three dimensional viscoelastic material laws. As a result, structures of unordinary geometry and domain like pavements of bridges can be analyzed by means of Finite Element Method and three dimensional viscoelastic equations. In the scope of this study, rheological models embedded in ANSYS, namely, generalized Maxwell elements and Prony series, which are two methods used by ANSYS to represent viscoelastic material behavior, are presented explicitly. Subsequently, a practical problem, which has an analytical solution given in literature, is used to verify the applicability of viscoelasticity tool embedded in ANSYS. Finally, amount of error in the results of ANSYS is compared with the analytical results to indicate the influence of used method and time step size. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20Maxwell%20model" title="generalized Maxwell model">generalized Maxwell model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prony%20series" title=" prony series"> prony series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20step%20size" title=" time step size"> time step size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscoelasticity" title=" viscoelasticity"> viscoelasticity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26862/error-amount-in-viscoelasticity-analysis-depending-on-time-step-size-and-method-used-in-ansys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3988</span> Heat-Induced Uncertainty of Industrial Computed Tomography Measuring a Stainless Steel Cylinder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Verena%20M.%20Moock">Verena M. Moock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darien%20E.%20Arce%20Ch%C3%A1vez"> Darien E. Arce Chávez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20M.%20Espejel%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Mariana M. Espejel González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leopoldo%20Ru%C3%ADz-Huerta"> Leopoldo Ruíz-Huerta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crescencio%20Garc%C3%ADa-Segundo"> Crescencio García-Segundo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Uncertainty analysis in industrial computed tomography is commonly related to metrological trace tools, which offer precision measurements of external part features. Unfortunately, there is no such reference tool for internal measurements to profit from the unique imaging potential of X-rays. Uncertainty approximations for computed tomography are still based on general aspects of the industrial machine and do not adapt to acquisition parameters or part characteristics. The present study investigates the impact of the acquisition time on the dimensional uncertainty measuring a stainless steel cylinder with a circular tomography scan. The authors develop the figure difference method for X-ray radiography to evaluate the volumetric differences introduced within the projected absorption maps of the metal workpiece. The dimensional uncertainty is dominantly influenced by photon energy dissipated as heat causing the thermal expansion of the metal, as monitored by an infrared camera within the industrial tomograph. With the proposed methodology, we are able to show evolving temperature differences throughout the tomography acquisition. This is an early study showing that the number of projections in computer tomography induces dimensional error due to energy absorption. The error magnitude would depend on the thermal properties of the sample and the acquisition parameters by placing apparent non-uniform unwanted volumetric expansion. We introduce infrared imaging for the experimental display of metrological uncertainty in a particular metal part of symmetric geometry. We assess that the current results are of fundamental value to reach the balance between the number of projections and uncertainty tolerance when performing analysis with X-ray dimensional exploration in precision measurements with industrial tomography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20metrology" title=" digital metrology"> digital metrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared%20imaging" title=" infrared imaging"> infrared imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20expansion" title=" thermal expansion"> thermal expansion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157387/heat-induced-uncertainty-of-industrial-computed-tomography-measuring-a-stainless-steel-cylinder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3987</span> Variation of Refractive Errors among Right and Left Eyes in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20B.%20Masok">F. B. Masok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S%20Songdeg"> S. S Songdeg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20R.%20Dawam"> R. R. Dawam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vision is an important process for learning and communication as man depends greatly on vision to sense his environment. Prevalence and variation of refractive errors conducted between December 2010 and May 2011 in Jos, revealed that 735 (77.50%) out 950 subjects examined for refractive error had various refractive errors. Myopia was observed in 373 (49.79%) of the subjects, the error in the right eyes was 263 (55.60%) while the error in the left was 210(44.39%). The mean myopic error was found to be -1.54± 3.32. Hyperopia was observed in 385 (40.53%) of the sampled population comprising 203(52.73%) of the right eyes and 182(47.27%). The mean hyperopic error was found to be +1.74± 3.13. Astigmatism accounted for 359 (38.84%) of the subjects, out of which 193(53.76%) were in the right eyes while 168(46.79%) were in the left eyes. Presbyopia was found in 404(42.53%) of the subjects, of this figure, 164(40.59%) were in the right eyes while 240(59.41%) were in left eyes. The number of right eyes and left eyes with refractive errors was observed in some age groups to increase with age and later had its peak within 60 – 69 age groups. This pattern of refractive errors could be attributed to exposure to various forms of light particularly the ultraviolet rays (e.g rays from television and computer screen). There was no remarkable differences between the mean Myopic error and mean Hyperopic error in the right eyes and in the left eyes which suggest the right eye and the left eye are similar. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left%20eye" title="left eye">left eye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20errors" title=" refractive errors"> refractive errors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20eye" title=" right eye"> right eye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variation" title=" variation"> variation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30588/variation-of-refractive-errors-among-right-and-left-eyes-in-jos-plateau-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3986</span> Error Correction Method for 2D Ultra-Wideband Indoor Wireless Positioning System Using Logarithmic Error Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phornpat%20Chewasoonthorn">Phornpat Chewasoonthorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surat%20Kwanmuang"> Surat Kwanmuang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indoor positioning technologies have been evolved rapidly. They augment the Global Positioning System (GPS) which requires line-of-sight to the sky to track the location of people or objects. This study developed an error correction method for an indoor real-time location system (RTLS) based on an ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor from Decawave. Multiple stationary nodes (anchor) were installed throughout the workspace. The distance between stationary and moving nodes (tag) can be measured using a two-way-ranging (TWR) scheme. The result has shown that the uncorrected ranging error from the sensor system can be as large as 1 m. To reduce ranging error and thus increase positioning accuracy, This study purposes an online correction algorithm using the Kalman filter. The results from experiments have shown that the system can reduce ranging error down to 5 cm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20positioning" title="indoor positioning">indoor positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra-wideband" title=" ultra-wideband"> ultra-wideband</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20correction" title=" error correction"> error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138120/error-correction-method-for-2d-ultra-wideband-indoor-wireless-positioning-system-using-logarithmic-error-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3985</span> Generalization of Tau Approximant and Error Estimate of Integral Form of Tau Methods for Some Class of Ordinary Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20Ma%E2%80%99ali">A. I. Ma’ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20B.%20Adeniyi"> R. B. Adeniyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Y.%20Badeggi"> A. Y. Badeggi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Mohammed"> U. Mohammed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An error estimation of the integrated formulation of the Lanczos tau method for some class of ordinary differential equations was reported. This paper is concern with the generalization of tau approximants and their corresponding error estimates for some class of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) characterized by m + s =3 (i.e for m =1, s=2; m=2, s=1; and m=3, s=0) where m and s are the order of differential equations and number of overdetermination, respectively. The general result obtained were validated with some numerical examples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approximant" title="approximant">approximant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20estimate" title=" error estimate"> error estimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tau%20method" title=" tau method"> tau method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overdetermination" title=" overdetermination"> overdetermination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16442/generalization-of-tau-approximant-and-error-estimate-of-integral-form-of-tau-methods-for-some-class-of-ordinary-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">606</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3984</span> A Study on the Influence of Planet Pin Parallelism Error to Load Sharing Factor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung%20Min%20Kang">Kyung Min Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Mou"> Peng Mou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Xiang"> Dong Xiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Yang"> Yong Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gang%20Shen"> Gang Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, planet pin parallelism error, which is one of manufacturing error of planet carrier, is employed as a main variable to influence planet load sharing factor. This error is categorize two group: (i) pin parallelism error with rotation on the axis perpendicular to the tangent of base circle of gear(x axis rotation in this paper) (ii) pin parallelism error with rotation on the tangent axis of base circle of gear(y axis rotation in this paper). For this study, the planetary gear system in 1.5MW wind turbine is applied and pure torsional rigid body model of this planetary gear is built using Solidworks and MSC.ADAMS. Based on quantified parallelism error and simulation model, dynamics simulation of planetary gear is carried out to obtain dynamic mesh load results with each type of error and load sharing factor is calculated with mesh load results. Load sharing factor formula and the suggestion for planetary reliability design is proposed with the conclusion of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planetary%20gears" title="planetary gears">planetary gears</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planet%20load%20sharing" title=" planet load sharing"> planet load sharing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSC.%20ADAMS" title=" MSC. ADAMS"> MSC. ADAMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallelism%20error" title=" parallelism error"> parallelism error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24958/a-study-on-the-influence-of-planet-pin-parallelism-error-to-load-sharing-factor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3983</span> Unequal Error Protection of VQ Image Transmission System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khelifi%20Mustapha">Khelifi Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Moulay%20lakhdar"> A. Moulay lakhdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Elawady"> I. Elawady </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We will study the unequal error protection for VQ image. We have used the Reed Solomon (RS) Codes as Channel coding because they offer better performance in terms of channel error correction over a binary output channel. One such channel (binary input and output) should be considered if it is the case of the application layer, because it includes all the features of the layers located below and on the what it is usually not feasible to make changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vector%20quantization" title="vector quantization">vector quantization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20error%20correction" title=" channel error correction"> channel error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reed-Solomon%20channel%20coding" title=" Reed-Solomon channel coding"> Reed-Solomon channel coding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=application" title=" application"> application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21372/unequal-error-protection-of-vq-image-transmission-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3982</span> Subpixel Corner Detection for Monocular Camera Linear Model Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guorong%20Sui">Guorong Sui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xingwei%20Jia"> Xingwei Jia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fei%20Tong"> Fei Tong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiumin%20Gao"> Xiumin Gao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Camera calibration is a fundamental issue of high precision noncontact measurement. And it is necessary to analyze and study the reliability and application range of its linear model which is often used in the camera calibration. According to the imaging features of monocular cameras, a camera model which is based on the image pixel coordinates and three dimensional space coordinates is built. Using our own customized template, the image pixel coordinate is obtained by the subpixel corner detection method. Without considering the aberration of the optical system, the feature extraction and linearity analysis of the line segment in the template are performed. Moreover, the experiment is repeated 11 times by constantly varying the measuring distance. At last, the linearity of the camera is achieved by fitting 11 groups of data. The camera model measurement results show that the relative error does not exceed 1%, and the repeated measurement error is not more than 0.1 mm magnitude. Meanwhile, it is found that the model has some measurement differences in the different region and object distance. The experiment results show this linear model is simple and practical, and have good linearity within a certain object distance. These experiment results provide a powerful basis for establishment of the linear model of camera. These works will have potential value to the actual engineering measurement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camera%20linear%20model" title="camera linear model">camera linear model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20imaging%20relationship" title=" geometric imaging relationship"> geometric imaging relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20pixel%20coordinates" title=" image pixel coordinates"> image pixel coordinates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=three%20dimensional%20space%20coordinates" title=" three dimensional space coordinates"> three dimensional space coordinates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-pixel%20corner%20detection" title=" sub-pixel corner detection"> sub-pixel corner detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77747/subpixel-corner-detection-for-monocular-camera-linear-model-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3981</span> NOx Prediction by Quasi-Dimensional Combustion Model of Hydrogen Enriched Compressed Natural Gas Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anas%20Rao">Anas Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Duan"> Hao Duan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fanhua%20Ma"> Fanhua Ma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dependency on the fossil fuels can be minimized by using the hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) in the transportation vehicles. However, the NOx emissions of HCNG engines are significantly higher, and this turned to be its major drawback. Therefore, the study of NOx emission of HCNG engines is a very important area of research. In this context, the experiments have been performed at the different hydrogen percentage, ignition timing, air-fuel ratio, manifold-absolute pressure, load and engine speed. Afterwards, the simulation has been accomplished by the quasi-dimensional combustion model of HCNG engine. In order to investigate the NOx emission, the NO mechanism has been coupled to the quasi-dimensional combustion model of HCNG engine. The three NOx mechanism: the thermal NOx, prompt NOx and N2O mechanism have been used to predict NOx emission. For the validation purpose, NO curve has been transformed into NO packets based on the temperature difference of 100 K for the lean-burn and 60 K for stoichiometric condition. While, the width of the packet has been taken as the ratio of crank duration of the packet to the total burnt duration. The combustion chamber of the engine has been divided into three zones, with the zone equal to the product of summation of NO packets and space. In order to check the accuracy of the model, the percentage error of NOx emission has been evaluated, and it lies in the range of ±6% and ±10% for the lean-burn and stoichiometric conditions respectively. Finally, the percentage contribution of each NO formation has been evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi-dimensional%20combustion" title="quasi-dimensional combustion ">quasi-dimensional combustion </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20NO" title=" thermal NO"> thermal NO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prompt%20NO" title=" prompt NO"> prompt NO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NO%20packet" title=" NO packet"> NO packet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74819/nox-prediction-by-quasi-dimensional-combustion-model-of-hydrogen-enriched-compressed-natural-gas-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3980</span> Modern State of the Universal Modeling for Centrifugal Compressors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Galerkin">Y. Galerkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Soldatova"> K. Soldatova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Drozdov"> A. Drozdov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 6th version of Universal modeling method for centrifugal compressor stage calculation is described. Identification of the new mathematical model was made. As a result of identification the uniform set of empirical coefficients is received. The efficiency definition error is 0,86 % at a design point. The efficiency definition error at five flow rate points (except a point of the maximum flow rate) is 1,22 %. Several variants of the stage with 3D impellers designed by 6th version program and quasi three-dimensional calculation programs were compared by their gas dynamic performances CFD (NUMECA FINE TURBO). Performance comparison demonstrated general principles of design validity and leads to some design recommendations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressor%20design" title="compressor design">compressor design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss%20model" title=" loss model"> loss model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20prediction" title=" performance prediction"> performance prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20data" title=" test data"> test data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20stages" title=" model stages"> model stages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20rate%20coefficient" title=" flow rate coefficient"> flow rate coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20coefficient" title=" work coefficient"> work coefficient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18037/modern-state-of-the-universal-modeling-for-centrifugal-compressors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=133">133</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=134">134</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20error&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>