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propagation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: propagation"> <meta name="keywords" content="propagation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="propagation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 762</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: propagation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">762</span> Effect of Load Ratio on Probability Distribution of Fatigue Crack Propagation Life in Magnesium Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seon%20Soon%20Choi">Seon Soon Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is necessary to predict a fatigue crack propagation life for estimation of structural integrity. Because of an uncertainty and a randomness of a structural behavior, it is also required to analyze stochastic characteristics of the fatigue crack propagation life at a specified fatigue crack size. The essential purpose of this study is to present the good probability distribution fit for the fatigue crack propagation life at a specified fatigue crack size in magnesium alloys under various fatigue load ratio conditions. To investigate a stochastic crack growth behavior, fatigue crack propagation experiments are performed in laboratory air under several conditions of fatigue load ratio using AZ31. By Anderson-Darling test, a goodness-of-fit test for probability distribution of the fatigue crack propagation life is performed and the good probability distribution fit for the fatigue crack propagation life is presented. The effect of load ratio on variability of fatigue crack propagation life is also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20crack%20propagation%20life" title="fatigue crack propagation life">fatigue crack propagation life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20ratio" title=" load ratio"> load ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20alloys" title=" magnesium alloys"> magnesium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability%20distribution" title=" probability distribution"> probability distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34718/effect-of-load-ratio-on-probability-distribution-of-fatigue-crack-propagation-life-in-magnesium-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">649</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">761</span> Influence of Maximum Fatigue Load on Probabilistic Aspect of Fatigue Crack Propagation Life at Specified Grown Crack in Magnesium Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seon%20Soon%20Choi">Seon Soon Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The principal purpose of this paper is to find the influence of maximum fatigue load on the probabilistic aspect of fatigue crack propagation life at a specified grown crack in magnesium alloys. The experiments of fatigue crack propagation are carried out in laboratory air under different conditions of the maximum fatigue loads to obtain the fatigue crack propagation data for the statistical analysis. In order to analyze the probabilistic aspect of fatigue crack propagation life, the goodness-of fit test for probability distribution of the fatigue crack propagation life at a specified grown crack is implemented through Anderson-Darling test. The good probability distribution of the fatigue crack propagation life is also verified under the conditions of the maximum fatigue loads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20crack%20propagation%20life" title="fatigue crack propagation life">fatigue crack propagation life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20alloys" title=" magnesium alloys"> magnesium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20fatigue%20load" title=" maximum fatigue load"> maximum fatigue load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability" title=" probability"> probability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66629/influence-of-maximum-fatigue-load-on-probabilistic-aspect-of-fatigue-crack-propagation-life-at-specified-grown-crack-in-magnesium-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">760</span> Propagation of Cos-Gaussian Beam in Photorefractive Crystal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Keshavarz">A. Keshavarz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A physical model for guiding the wave in photorefractive media is studied. Propagation of cos-Gaussian beam as the special cases of sinusoidal-Gaussian beams in photorefractive crystal is simulated numerically by the Crank-Nicolson method in one dimension. Results show that the beam profile deforms as the energy transfers from the center to the tails under propagation. This simulation approach is of significant interest for application in optical telecommunication. The results are presented graphically and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20propagation" title="beam propagation">beam propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cos-Gaussian%20beam" title=" cos-Gaussian beam"> cos-Gaussian beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photorefractive%20crystal" title=" photorefractive crystal"> photorefractive crystal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33883/propagation-of-cos-gaussian-beam-in-photorefractive-crystal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">499</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">759</span> RF Propagation Analysis in Outdoor Environments Using RSSI Measurements Applied in ZigBee Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teles%20de%20Sales%20Bezerra">Teles de Sales Bezerra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saulo%20Aislan%20da%20Silva%20Eleuterio"> Saulo Aislan da Silva Eleuterio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Anderson%20Rodrigues%20de%20Souza"> José Anderson Rodrigues de Souza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeronimo%20Silva%20Rocha"> Jeronimo Silva Rocha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Propagation in radio frequency is a constant concern in the application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), the behavior of an environment determines how good the quality of signal reception. The objective of this paper is to analyze the behavior of a WSN in an environment for agriculture where environmental variables are present and correlate the capture of values received signal strength (RSSI) with a propagation model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title="propagation">propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WSN" title=" WSN"> WSN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20471/rf-propagation-analysis-in-outdoor-environments-using-rssi-measurements-applied-in-zigbee-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">755</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">758</span> The Cracks Propagation Monitoring of a Cantilever Beam Using Modal Analysis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Raki">Morteza Raki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abolghasem%20Zabihollah"> Abolghasem Zabihollah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Askari"> Omid Askari </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cantilever beam is a simplified sample of a lot of mechanical components used in a wide range of applications, including many industries such as gas turbine blade. Due to the nature of the operating conditions, beams are subject to variety of damages especially crack propagates. Crack propagation may lead to catastrophic failure during operation. Therefore, online detection of crack presence and its propagation is very important and may reduce possible significant cost of the whole system failure. This paper aims to investigate the effect of cracks presence and crack propagation on one end fixed beam`s vibration. A finite element model will be developed for the blade in which the modal response of the structure with and without crack will be studied.  <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blade" title="blade">blade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20propagation" title=" crack propagation"> crack propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20monitoring" title=" health monitoring"> health monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48812/the-cracks-propagation-monitoring-of-a-cantilever-beam-using-modal-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">757</span> Minimization of Propagation Delay in Multi Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Purva%20Joshi">Purva Joshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Thanki"> Rohit Thanki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Hanif"> Omar Hanif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly important in various industrial applications and sectors. Nowadays, a multi UAV network is used for specific types of communication (e.g., military) and monitoring purposes. Therefore, it is critical to reducing propagation delay during communication between UAVs, which is essential in a multi UAV network. This paper presents how the propagation delay between the base station (BS) and the UAVs is reduced using a searching algorithm. Furthermore, the iterative-based K-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm and Travelling Salesmen Problem (TSP) algorthm were utilized to optimize the distance between BS and individual UAV to overcome the problem of propagation delay in multi UAV networks. The simulation results show that this proposed method reduced complexity, improved reliability, and reduced propagation delay in multi UAV networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20UAV%20network" title="multi UAV network">multi UAV network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20distance" title=" optimal distance"> optimal distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation%20delay" title=" propagation delay"> propagation delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K%20-%20nearest%20neighbor" title=" K - nearest neighbor"> K - nearest neighbor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traveling%20salesmen%20problem" title=" traveling salesmen problem"> traveling salesmen problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150423/minimization-of-propagation-delay-in-multi-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">756</span> Simulation of Propagation of Cos-Gaussian Beam in Strongly Nonlocal Nonlinear Media Using Paraxial Group Transformation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Keshavarz">A. Keshavarz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Roosta"> Z. Roosta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, propagation of cos-Gaussian beam in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media has been stimulated by using paraxial group transformation. At first, cos-Gaussian beam, nonlocal nonlinear media, critical power, transfer matrix, and paraxial group transformation are introduced. Then, the propagation of the cos-Gaussian beam in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media is simulated. Results show that beam propagation has periodic structure during self-focusing effect in this case. However, this simple method can be used for investigation of propagation of kinds of beams in ABCD optical media. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraxial%20group%20transformation" title="paraxial group transformation">paraxial group transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlocal%20nonlinear%20media" title=" nonlocal nonlinear media"> nonlocal nonlinear media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cos-Gaussian%20beam" title=" cos-Gaussian beam"> cos-Gaussian beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABCD%20law" title=" ABCD law"> ABCD law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52660/simulation-of-propagation-of-cos-gaussian-beam-in-strongly-nonlocal-nonlinear-media-using-paraxial-group-transformation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">755</span> Relating Interface Properties with Crack Propagation in Composite Laminates </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Qu">Tao Qu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandra%20Prakash"> Chandra Prakash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikas%20Tomar"> Vikas Tomar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interfaces between organic and inorganic phases in natural materials have been shown to be a key factor contributing to their high performance. This work analyzes crack propagation in a 2-ply laminate subjected to uniaxial tensile mode-I crack propagation loading that has laminate properties derived based on biological material constituents (marine exoskeleton- chitin and calcite). Interfaces in such laminates are explicitly modeled based on earlier molecular simulations performed by authors. Extended finite element method and cohesive zone modeling based simulations coupled with theoretical analysis are used to analyze crack propagation. Analyses explicitly quantify the effect that interface mechanical property variation has on the delamination as well as the transverse crack propagation in examined 2-ply laminates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitin" title="chitin">chitin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title=" composites"> composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfaces" title=" interfaces"> interfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44635/relating-interface-properties-with-crack-propagation-in-composite-laminates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">754</span> Aspects Concerning Flame Propagation of Various Fuels in Combustion Chamber of Four Valve Engines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoran%20Jovanovic">Zoran Jovanovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoran%20Masonicic"> Zoran Masonicic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Dragutinovic"> S. Dragutinovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Sakota"> Z. Sakota</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, results concerning flame propagation of various fuels in a particular combustion chamber with four tilted valves were elucidated. Flame propagation was represented by the evolution of spatial distribution of temperature in various cut-planes within combustion chamber while the flame front location was determined by dint of zones with maximum temperature gradient. The results presented are only a small part of broader on-going scrutinizing activity in the field of multidimensional modeling of reactive flows in combustion chambers with complicated geometries encompassing various models of turbulence, different fuels and combustion models. In the case of turbulence two different models were applied i.e. standard k-ε model of turbulence and k-ξ-f model of turbulence. In this paper flame propagation results were analyzed and presented for two different hydrocarbon fuels, such as CH4 and C8H18. In the case of combustion all differences ensuing from different turbulence models, obvious for non-reactive flows are annihilated entirely. Namely the interplay between fluid flow pattern and flame propagation is invariant as regards turbulence models and fuels applied. Namely the interplay between fluid flow pattern and flame propagation is entirely invariant as regards fuel variation indicating that the flame propagation through unburned mixture of CH4 and C8H18 fuels is not chemically controlled. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20flows" title="automotive flows">automotive flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20propagation" title=" flame propagation"> flame propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combustion%20modelling" title=" combustion modelling"> combustion modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNG" title=" CNG"> CNG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47372/aspects-concerning-flame-propagation-of-various-fuels-in-combustion-chamber-of-four-valve-engines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">753</span> Ray Tracing Modified 3D Image Method Simulation of Picocellular Propagation Channel Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathi%20Alwafie">Fathi Alwafie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we present the simulation of the propagation characteristics of the picocellular propagation channel environment. The first aim has been to find a correct description of the environment for received wave. The result of the first investigations is that the environment of the indoor wave significantly changes as we change the electric parameters of material constructions. A modified 3D ray tracing image method tool has been utilized for the coverage prediction. A detailed analysis of the dependence of the indoor wave on the wide-band characteristics of the channel: Root Mean Square (RMS) delay spread characteristics and mean excess delay, is also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title="propagation">propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ray%20tracing" title=" ray tracing"> ray tracing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network" title=" network"> network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20computing" title=" mobile computing"> mobile computing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4077/ray-tracing-modified-3d-image-method-simulation-of-picocellular-propagation-channel-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">752</span> Optical Switching Based On Bragg Solitons in A Nonuniform Fiber Bragg Grating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulatif%20Abdusalam">Abdulatif Abdusalam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Shaban"> Mohamed Shaban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the nonlinear pulse propagation through a nonuniform birefringent fiber Bragg grating (FBG) whose index modulation depth varies along the propagation direction. Here, the pulse propagation is governed by the nonlinear birefringent coupled mode (NLBCM) equations. To form the Bragg soliton outside the photonic bandgap (PBG), the NLBCM equations are reduced to the well known NLS type equation by multiple scale analysis. As we consider the pulse propagation in a nonuniform FBG, the pulse propagation outside the PBG is governed by inhomogeneous NLS (INLS) rather than NLS. We, then, discuss the formation of soliton in the FBG known as Bragg soliton whose central frequency lies outside but close to the PBG of the grating structure. Further, we discuss Bragg soliton compression due to a delicate balance between the SPM and the varying grating induced dispersion. In addition, Bragg soliton collision, Bragg soliton switching and possible logic gates have also been discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bragg%20%20grating" title="Bragg grating">Bragg grating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20uniform%20%20fiber" title=" non uniform fiber"> non uniform fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20linear%20pulse" title=" non linear pulse"> non linear pulse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2177/optical-switching-based-on-bragg-solitons-in-a-nonuniform-fiber-bragg-grating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">751</span> Numerical Study on the Effect of Obstacle Structure on Two-Phase Detonation Initiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ding%20Yu">Ding Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ge%20Yang"> Ge Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Hong-Tao"> Wang Hong-Tao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aiming at the detonation performance and detonation wave propagation distance of liquid fuel detonation engine, the kerosene/oxygen-enriched air mixture is chosen as the research object; its detonation initiation and detonation wave propagation process by mild energy input are numerically studied by using Euler-Lagrange method in the present study. The effects of a semicircular obstacle, rectangular obstacle, and triangular obstacle on the detonation characteristic parameters in the detonation tube are compared and analyzed, and the effect of the angle between obstacle and flame propagation direction on flame propagation characteristics and detonation process when the blocking ratio is constant are studied. The results show that the flame propagation velocity decreases with the increase of the angle in the range of 0-90°, and when the angle is 0° which corresponds to the semicircle obstacle gets the highest detonation wave propagation velocity. With the increase of the angle in the range of 0-90°, DDT (Deflagration to detonation transition) distance decreases first and then increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deflagration%20to%20detonation%20transition" title="deflagration to detonation transition">deflagration to detonation transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstacle%20structure" title=" obstacle structure"> obstacle structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20flame" title=" turbulent flame"> turbulent flame</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165628/numerical-study-on-the-effect-of-obstacle-structure-on-two-phase-detonation-initiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">750</span> Temperature Effect on Sound Propagation in an Elastic Pipe with Viscoelastic Liquid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Levitsky">S. Levitsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Bergman"> R. Bergman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fluid rheology may have essential impact on sound propagation in a liquid-filled pipe, especially, in a low frequency range. Rheological parameters of liquid are temperature-sensitive, which ultimately results in a temperature dependence of the wave speed and attenuation in the waveguide. The study is devoted to modeling of this effect at sound propagation in an elastic pipe with polymeric liquid, described by generalized Maxwell model with non-zero high-frequency viscosity. It is assumed that relaxation spectrum is distributed according to the Spriggs law; temperature impact on the liquid rheology is described on the basis of the temperature-superposition principle and activation theory. The dispersion equation for the waveguide, considered as a thin-walled tube with polymeric solution, is obtained within a quasi-one-dimensional formulation. Results of the study illustrate the influence of temperature on sound propagation in the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20tube" title="elastic tube">elastic tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound%20propagation" title=" sound propagation"> sound propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect" title=" temperature effect"> temperature effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscoelastic%20liquid" title=" viscoelastic liquid"> viscoelastic liquid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12837/temperature-effect-on-sound-propagation-in-an-elastic-pipe-with-viscoelastic-liquid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">749</span> Dynamic Transmission Modes of Network Public Opinion on Subevents Clusters of an Emergent Event</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Xu">Yuan Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xun%20Liang"> Xun Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meina%20Zhang"> Meina Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rise and attenuation of the public opinion broadcast of an emergent accident, in the social network, has a close relationship with the dynamic development of its subevents cluster. In this article, we take Tianjin Port explosion's subevents as an example to research the dynamic propagation discipline of Internet public opinion in a sudden accident, and analyze the overall structure of dynamic propagation to propose four different routes for subevents clusters propagation. We also generate network diagrams for the dynamic public opinion propagation, analyze each propagation type specifically. Based on this, suggestions on the supervision and guidance of Internet public opinion broadcast can be made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20dynamic%20transmission%20modes" title="network dynamic transmission modes">network dynamic transmission modes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergent%20subevents%20clusters" title=" emergent subevents clusters"> emergent subevents clusters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianjin%20Port%20explosion" title=" Tianjin Port explosion"> Tianjin Port explosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20opinion%20supervision" title=" public opinion supervision"> public opinion supervision</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54222/dynamic-transmission-modes-of-network-public-opinion-on-subevents-clusters-of-an-emergent-event" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">748</span> Models of Environmental, Crack Propagation of Some Aluminium Alloys (7xxx)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Jawan">H. A. Jawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This review describes the models of environmental-related crack propagation of aluminum alloys (7xxx) during the last few decades. Acknowledge on effects of different factors on the susceptibility to SCC permits to propose valuable mechanisms on crack advancement. The reliable mechanism of cracking give a possibility to propose the optimum chemical composition and thermal treatment conditions resulting in microstructure the most suitable for real environmental condition and stress state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title="microstructure">microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title=" environmental"> environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title=" propagation"> propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21168/models-of-environmental-crack-propagation-of-some-aluminium-alloys-7xxx" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">747</span> Models of Environmental: Cracker Propagation of Some Aluminum Alloys (7xxx)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Jawan">H. Jawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This review describes the models of environmental-related crack propagation of aluminum alloys (7xxx) during the last few decades. Acknowledge on effects of different factors on the susceptibility to SCC permits to propose valuable mechanisms on crack advancement. The reliable mechanism of cracking give a possibility to propose the optimum chemical composition and thermal treatment conditions resulting in microstructure the most suitable for real environmental condition and stress state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title="microstructure">microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title=" environmental"> environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title=" propagation"> propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanism" title=" mechanism"> mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24710/models-of-environmental-cracker-propagation-of-some-aluminum-alloys-7xxx" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">746</span> Simulation of Wave Propagation in Multiphase Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edip%20Kemal">Edip Kemal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheshov%20Vlatko"> Sheshov Vlatko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bojadjieva%20Julijana"> Bojadjieva Julijana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogdanovic%20ALeksandra"> Bogdanovic ALeksandra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gjorgjeska%20Irena"> Gjorgjeska Irena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The wave propagation phenomenon in porous domains is of great importance in the field of geotechnical earthquake engineering. In these kinds of problems, the elastic waves propagate from the interior to the exterior domain and require special treatment at the computational level since apart from displacement in the solid-state there is a p-wave that takes place in the pore water phase. In this paper, a study on the implementation of multiphase finite elements is presented. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the ANSYS finite element software and tested on one-dimensional wave propagation considering both pore pressure wave propagation and displacement fields. In the simulation of porous media such as soils, the behavior is governed largely by the interaction of the solid skeleton with water and/or air in the pores. Therefore, coupled problems of fluid flow and deformation of the solid skeleton are considered in a detailed way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20propagation" title="wave propagation">wave propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiphase%20model" title=" multiphase model"> multiphase model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20methods" title=" numerical methods"> numerical methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144167/simulation-of-wave-propagation-in-multiphase-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">745</span> Analysis of Nonlinear Pulse Propagation Characteristics in Semiconductor Optical Amplifier for Different Input Pulse Shapes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suchi%20Barua">Suchi Barua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narottam%20Das"> Narottam Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sven%20Nordholm"> Sven Nordholm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Razaghi"> Mohammad Razaghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents nonlinear pulse propagation characteristics for different input optical pulse shapes with various input pulse energy levels in semiconductor optical amplifiers. For simulation of nonlinear pulse propagation, finite-difference beam propagation method is used to solve the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In this equation, gain spectrum dynamics, gain saturation are taken into account which depends on carrier depletion, carrier heating, spectral-hole burning, group velocity dispersion, self-phase modulation and two photon absorption. From this analysis, we obtained the output waveforms and spectra for different input pulse shapes as well as for different input energies. It shows clearly that the peak position of the output waveforms are shifted toward the leading edge which due to the gain saturation of the SOA for higher input pulse energies. We also analyzed and compared the normalized difference of full-width at half maximum for different input pulse shapes in the SOA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite-difference%20beam%20propagation%20method" title="finite-difference beam propagation method">finite-difference beam propagation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20shape" title=" pulse shape"> pulse shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20propagation" title=" pulse propagation"> pulse propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20optical%20amplifier" title=" semiconductor optical amplifier"> semiconductor optical amplifier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20730/analysis-of-nonlinear-pulse-propagation-characteristics-in-semiconductor-optical-amplifier-for-different-input-pulse-shapes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">608</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">744</span> Amplification of electromagnetic pulse by conducting cone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20S.%20Manuylovich">E. S. Manuylovich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20A.%20Astapenko"> V. A. Astapenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20A.%20Golovinsky"> P. A. Golovinsky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dispersion relation binding the constant of propagation and frequency is calculated for silver cone. The evolution of the electric field of ultrashort pulse during its propagation in conical structure is considered. Increasing of electric field during pulse propagation to the top of the cone is observed. Reduction of the pulse duration at a certain distance is observed. The dependence of minimum pulse duration on initial chirp and cone angle is investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrashort%20pulses" title="ultrashort pulses">ultrashort pulses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20plasmon%20polariton" title=" surface plasmon polariton"> surface plasmon polariton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20cone" title=" silver cone"> silver cone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27539/amplification-of-electromagnetic-pulse-by-conducting-cone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">743</span> Numerical Simulation of Laser ‎Propagation through Turbulent ‎Atmosphere Using Zernike ‎Polynomials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Moradi%20%E2%80%8E">Mohammad Moradi ‎</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, propagation of a laser beam through turbulent ‎atmosphere is evaluated. At first the laser beam is simulated and then ‎turbulent atmosphere will be simulated by using Zernike polynomials. ‎Some parameter like intensity, PSF will be measured for four ‎wavelengths in different Cn2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20beam%20propagation" title="laser beam propagation">laser beam propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20screen" title=" phase screen"> phase screen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20atmosphere" title=" turbulent atmosphere"> turbulent atmosphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zernike%20%E2%80%8Epolynomials" title=" Zernike ‎polynomials"> Zernike ‎polynomials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35907/numerical-simulation-of-laser-propagation-through-turbulent-atmosphere-using-zernike-polynomials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">742</span> Evaluation of the Fire Propagation Characteristics of Thermoplastics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji-Hun%20Choi">Ji-Hun Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Suk%20Cho"> Kyoung-Suk Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Un%20Chae"> Seung-Un Chae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Consisting of organic compounds, plastic ignites easily and burns fast. In addition, a large amount of toxic gas is produced while it is burning. When plastic is heated, its volume decreases because its surface is melted. The decomposition of its molecular bond generates combustible liquid of low viscosity, which accelerates plastic combustion and spreads the flames. Radiant heat produced in the process propagates the fire to increase the risk of human and property damages. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to identify chemical, thermal and combustion characteristics of thermoplastic plastics using the fire propagation apparatus based on experimental criteria of ISO 12136 and ASTM E 2058. By the experiment result, as the ignition time increased, the thermal response parameter (TRP) decreased and as the TRP increased, the slope decreased. In other words, the large the TRP was, the longer the time taken for heating and ignition of the material was. It was identified that the fire propagation speed dropped accordingly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20propagation%20apparatus%20%28FPA%29" title="fire propagation apparatus (FPA)">fire propagation apparatus (FPA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISO%2012136" title=" ISO 12136"> ISO 12136</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20response%20parameter%20%28TRP%29" title=" thermal response parameter (TRP)"> thermal response parameter (TRP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20propagation%20index%20%28FPI%29" title=" fire propagation index (FPI)"> fire propagation index (FPI)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94397/evaluation-of-the-fire-propagation-characteristics-of-thermoplastics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">741</span> Characteristics of Cumulative Distribution Function of Grown Crack Size at Specified Fatigue Crack Propagation Life under Different Maximum Fatigue Loads in AZ31</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seon%20Soon%20Choi">Seon Soon Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnesium alloy has been widely used in structure such as an automobile. It is necessary to consider probabilistic characteristics of a structural material because a fatigue behavior of a structure has a randomness and uncertainty. The purpose of this study is to find the characteristics of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the grown crack size at a specified fatigue crack propagation life and to investigate a statistical crack propagation in magnesium alloys. The statistical fatigue data of the grown crack size are obtained through the fatigue crack propagation (FCP) tests under different maximum fatigue load conditions conducted on the replicated specimens of magnesium alloys. The 3-parameter Weibull distribution is used to find the CDF of grown crack size. The CDF of grown crack size in case of larger maximum fatigue load has longer tail in below 10 percent and above 90 percent. The fatigue failure occurs easily as the tail of CDF of grown crack size becomes long. The fatigue behavior under the larger maximum fatigue load condition shows more rapid propagation and failure mode. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cumulative%20distribution%20function" title="cumulative distribution function">cumulative distribution function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20crack%20propagation" title=" fatigue crack propagation"> fatigue crack propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grown%20crack%20size" title=" grown crack size"> grown crack size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20alloys" title=" magnesium alloys"> magnesium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20fatigue%20load" title=" maximum fatigue load"> maximum fatigue load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76512/characteristics-of-cumulative-distribution-function-of-grown-crack-size-at-specified-fatigue-crack-propagation-life-under-different-maximum-fatigue-loads-in-az31" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">740</span> Equations of Pulse Propagation in Three-Layer Structure of As2S3 Chalcogenide Plasmonic Nano-Waveguides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Motamed-Jahromi">Leila Motamed-Jahromi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Hatami"> Mohsen Hatami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Keshavarz"> Alireza Keshavarz </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims at obtaining the equations of pulse propagation in nonlinear plasmonic waveguides created with As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> chalcogenide materials. Via utilizing Helmholtz equation and first-order perturbation theory, two components of electric field are determined within frequency domain. Afterwards, the equations are formulated in time domain. The obtained equations include two coupled differential equations that considers nonlinear dispersion<span dir="RTL">.</span> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20optics" title="nonlinear optics">nonlinear optics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmonic%20waveguide" title=" plasmonic waveguide"> plasmonic waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chalcogenide" title=" chalcogenide"> chalcogenide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation%20equation" title=" propagation equation"> propagation equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52758/equations-of-pulse-propagation-in-three-layer-structure-of-as2s3-chalcogenide-plasmonic-nano-waveguides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">739</span> Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Equations in 2D by Finite Difference Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Fusun%20Oyman%20Serteller">N. Fusun Oyman Serteller</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the techniques to solve time dependent electromagnetic wave propagation equations based on the Finite Difference Method (FDM) are proposed by comparing the results with Finite Element Method (FEM) in 2D while discussing some special simulation examples.  Here, 2D dynamical wave equations for lossy media, even with a constant source, are discussed for establishing symbolic manipulation of wave propagation problems. The main objective of this contribution is to introduce a comparative study of two suitable numerical methods and to show that both methods can be applied effectively and efficiently to all types of wave propagation problems, both linear and nonlinear cases, by using symbolic computation. However, the results show that the FDM is more appropriate for solving the nonlinear cases in the symbolic solution. Furthermore, some specific complex domain examples of the comparison of electromagnetic waves equations are considered. Calculations are performed through Mathematica software by making some useful contribution to the programme and leveraging symbolic evaluations of FEM and FDM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20method" title="finite difference method">finite difference method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear-nonlinear%20PDEs" title=" linear-nonlinear PDEs"> linear-nonlinear PDEs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symbolic%20computation" title=" symbolic computation"> symbolic computation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20propagation%20equations" title=" wave propagation equations"> wave propagation equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107982/electromagnetic-wave-propagation-equations-in-2d-by-finite-difference-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">738</span> Source Identification Model Based on Label Propagation and Graph Ordinary Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fuyuan%20Ma">Fuyuan Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuhan%20Wang"> Yuhan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junhe%20Zhang"> Junhe Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Wang"> Ying Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Identifying the sources of information dissemination is a pivotal task in the study of collective behaviors in networks, enabling us to discern and intercept the critical pathways through which information propagates from its origins. This allows for the control of the information’s dissemination impact in its early stages. Numerous methods for source detection rely on pre-existing, underlying propagation models as prior knowledge. Current models that eschew prior knowledge attempt to harness label propagation algorithms to model the statistical characteristics of propagation states or employ Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for deep reverse modeling of the diffusion process. These approaches are either deficient in modeling the propagation patterns of information or are constrained by the over-smoothing problem inherent in GNNs, which limits the stacking of sufficient model depth to excavate global propagation patterns. Consequently, we introduce the ODESI model. Initially, the model employs a label propagation algorithm to delineate the distribution density of infected states within a graph structure and extends the representation of infected states from integers to state vectors, which serve as the initial states of nodes. Subsequently, the model constructs a deep architecture based on GNNs-coupled Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) to model the global propagation patterns of continuous propagation processes. Addressing the challenges associated with solving ODEs on graphs, we approximate the analytical solutions to reduce computational costs. Finally, we conduct simulation experiments on two real-world social network datasets, and the results affirm the efficacy of our proposed ODESI model in source identification tasks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20identification" title="source identification">source identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordinary%20differential%20equations" title=" ordinary differential equations"> ordinary differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=label%20propagation" title=" label propagation"> label propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20networks" title=" complex networks"> complex networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192604/source-identification-model-based-on-label-propagation-and-graph-ordinary-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">737</span> The Crack Propagation on Glass in Laser Thermal Cleavage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jehnming%20Lin">Jehnming Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the laser cleavage of glass, the laser is mostly adopted as a heat source to generate a thermal stress state on the substrates. The crack propagation of the soda-lime glass in the laser thermal cleavage with the straight-turning paths was investigated in this study experimentally and numerically. The crack propagation was visualized by a high speed camera with the off-line examination on the micro-crack propagation. The temperature and stress distributions induced by the laser heat source were calculated by ANSYS software based on the finite element method (FEM). With the cutting paths in various turning directions, the experimental and numerical results were in comparison and verified. The fracture modes due to the normal and shear stresses were verified at the turning point of the laser cleavage path. It shows a significant variation of the stress profiles along the straight-turning paths and causes a change on the fracture modes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20cleavage" title="laser cleavage">laser cleavage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass" title=" glass"> glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture" title=" fracture"> fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20analysis" title=" stress analysis"> stress analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49005/the-crack-propagation-on-glass-in-laser-thermal-cleavage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">736</span> Modeling of Dam Break Flood Wave Propagation Using HEC-RAS 2D and GIS: A Case Study of Taksebt Dam in Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelghani%20Leghouchi">Abdelghani Leghouchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to predict the consequences associated with the propagation of the flood wave that may occur after the failure of the Taksebt dam and suggest an efficient emergency action plan (EAP) for mitigation purposes. To achieve the objectives of this study, the hydrodynamic model HEC-RAS 2D was used for the flood routing of the dam break wave, which gave an estimate of the hydraulic characteristics downstream the Taksebt dam. Geospatial analysis of the simulation results conducted in a Geographic information system (GIS) environment showed that many residential areas are considered to be in danger in case of the Taksebt dam break event. Based on the obtained results, an emergency actions plan was suggested to moderate the causalities in the downstream area at risk. Overall, the present study showed that the integration of 2D hydraulic modeling and GIS provides great capabilities in providing realistic view of the dam break wave propagation that enhances assessing the associated risks and proposing appropriate mitigation measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taksebt%20dam" title="taksebt dam">taksebt dam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dam%20break" title=" dam break"> dam break</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20propagation%20time" title=" wave propagation time"> wave propagation time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEC-RAS%202D" title=" HEC-RAS 2D"> HEC-RAS 2D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157966/modeling-of-dam-break-flood-wave-propagation-using-hec-ras-2d-and-gis-a-case-study-of-taksebt-dam-in-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">735</span> Methodologies for Crack Initiation in Welded Joints Applied to Inspection Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guang%20Zou">Guang Zou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kian%20Banisoleiman"> Kian Banisoleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arturo%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Arturo González</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crack initiation and propagation threatens structural integrity of welded joints and normally inspections are assigned based on crack propagation models. However, the approach based on crack propagation models may not be applicable for some high-quality welded joints, because the initial flaws in them may be so small that it may take long time for the flaws to develop into a detectable size. This raises a concern regarding the inspection planning of high-quality welded joins, as there is no generally acceptable approach for modeling the whole fatigue process that includes the crack initiation period. In order to address the issue, this paper reviews treatment methods for crack initiation period and initial crack size in crack propagation models applied to inspection planning. Generally, there are four approaches, by: 1) Neglecting the crack initiation period and fitting a probabilistic distribution for initial crack size based on statistical data; 2) Extrapolating the crack propagation stage to a very small fictitious initial crack size, so that the whole fatigue process can be modeled by crack propagation models; 3) Assuming a fixed detectable initial crack size and fitting a probabilistic distribution for crack initiation time based on specimen tests; and, 4) Modeling the crack initiation and propagation stage separately using small crack growth theories and Paris law or similar models. The conclusion is that in view of trade-off between accuracy and computation efforts, calibration of a small fictitious initial crack size to S-N curves is the most efficient approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20initiation" title="crack initiation">crack initiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20reliability" title=" fatigue reliability"> fatigue reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inspection%20planning" title=" inspection planning"> inspection planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welded%20joints" title=" welded joints"> welded joints</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57736/methodologies-for-crack-initiation-in-welded-joints-applied-to-inspection-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">734</span> Investigated Optimization of Davidson Path Loss Model for Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) Propagation in Urban Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pitak%20Keawbunsong">Pitak Keawbunsong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sathaporn%20Promwong"> Sathaporn Promwong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an investigation on the efficiency of the optimized Davison path loss model in order to look for a suitable path loss model to design and planning DTTV propagation for small and medium urban areas in southern Thailand. Hadyai City in Songkla Province is chosen as the case study to collect the analytical data on the electric field strength. The optimization is conducted through the least square method while the efficiency index is through the statistical value of relative error (RE). The result of the least square method is the offset and slop of the frequency to be used in the optimized process. The statistical result shows that RE of the old Davidson model is at the least when being compared with the optimized Davison and the Hata models. Thus, the old Davison path loss model is the most accurate that further becomes the most optimized for the plan on the propagation network design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DTTV%20propagation" title="DTTV propagation">DTTV propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20loss%20model" title=" path loss model"> path loss model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davidson%20model" title=" Davidson model"> Davidson model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least%20square%20method" title=" least square method"> least square method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43812/investigated-optimization-of-davidson-path-loss-model-for-digital-terrestrial-television-dttv-propagation-in-urban-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">733</span> Reliable Line-of-Sight and Non-Line-of-Sight Propagation Channel Identification in Ultra-Wideband Wireless Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Adnan%20Landolsi">Mohamed Adnan Landolsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20F.%20Almutairi"> Ali F. Almutairi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper addresses the problem of line-of-sight (LOS) vs. non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation link identification in ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless networks, which is necessary for improving the accuracy of radiolocation and positioning applications. A LOS/NLOS likelihood hypothesis testing approach is applied based on exploiting distinctive statistical features of the channel impulse response (CIR) using parameters related to the “skewness” of the CIR and its root mean square (RMS) delay spread. A log-normal fit is presented for the probability densities of the CIR parameters. Simulation results show that different environments (residential, office, outdoor, etc.) have measurable differences in their CIR parameters’ statistics, which is then exploited in determining the nature of the propagation channels. Correct LOS/NLOS channel identification rates exceeding 90% are shown to be achievable for most types of environments. Additional improvement is also obtained by combining both CIR skewness and RMS delay statistics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UWB" title="UWB">UWB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propagation" title=" propagation"> propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LOS" title=" LOS"> LOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NLOS" title=" NLOS"> NLOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identification" title=" identification"> identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55684/reliable-line-of-sight-and-non-line-of-sight-propagation-channel-identification-in-ultra-wideband-wireless-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info 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