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href="#Manbalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Manbalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manbalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mundarija" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Magnetizm</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Boshqa tildagi maqolaga oʻting. 92 ta tilda mavjud" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="चुंबकत्व – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="चुंबकत्व" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مغناطيسية – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مغناطيسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismu" title="Magnetismu – asturiy" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Magnetismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maqnetizm" title="Maqnetizm – ozarbayjon" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Maqnetizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ozarbayjon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетызм – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Магнетызм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнэтызм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Магнэтызм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Магнетизъм – bolgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Магнетизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="চুম্বকত্ব – bengal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চুম্বকত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B" title="ཁབ་ལེན་ – tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཁབ་ལེན་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwarellegezh" title="Gwarellegezh – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gwarellegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam – bosniy" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Magnetizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – dan" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Μαγνητισμός – grek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαγνητισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – estoncha" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoncha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="مغناطیس – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مغناطیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismi" title="Magnetismi – fincha" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Magnetismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%B5tism" title="Magnõtism – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Magnõtism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%A9tisme" title="Magnétisme – fransuzcha" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Magnétisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransuzcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maighn%C3%A9adas" title="Maighnéadas – irland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Maighnéadas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – galisiy" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="מגנטיות – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מגנטיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="चुम्बकत्व – hind" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चुम्बकत्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hind" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Magnetizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1gness%C3%A9g" title="Mágnesség – venger" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mágnesség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="venger" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մագնիսականություն – arman" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մագնիսականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մագնիսականութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մագնիսականութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segulmagn" title="Segulmagn – island" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Segulmagn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="island" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E6%80%A7" title="磁性 – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="磁性" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/makykai" title="makykai – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="makykai" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მაგნეტიზმი – gruzincha" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაგნეტიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91%C9%A9%C9%A3t%CA%8B_h%C9%94m_%C9%96o%C5%8B_(magn%C3%A9tisme)" title="Ñɩɣtʋ hɔm ɖoŋ (magnétisme) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñɩɣtʋ hɔm ɖoŋ (magnétisme)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – qozoqcha" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qozoqcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86" title="ಕಾಂತತೆ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾಂತತೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0" title="자기 – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – qirgʻizcha" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="qirgʻizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismus" title="Magnetismus – lyuksemburgcha" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Magnetismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lyuksemburgcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizmas" title="Magnetizmas – litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Magnetizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C4%93tisms" title="Magnētisms – latishcha" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Magnētisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latishcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Магнетизам – makedon" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Магнетизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4" title="കാന്തികത – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാന്തികത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemagnetan" title="Kemagnetan – malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kemagnetan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="သံလိုက်ဓာတ် – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သံလိုက်ဓာတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – norveg-nyunorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveg-nyunorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Magnetisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਚੁੰਬਕਤਾ – panjobcha" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚੁੰਬਕਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjobcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetyzm" title="Magnetyzm – polyakcha" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Magnetyzm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مقناطیسیت – pushtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مقناطیسیت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pushtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llut%27ariy" title="Llut'ariy – kechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Llut'ariy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – rumincha" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitismu" title="Magnitismu – sitsiliya" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Magnitismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiliya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="مقناطيسيت – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مقناطيسيت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Magnetizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizmus" title="Magnetizmus – slovakcha" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Magnetizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizem" title="Magnetizem – slovencha" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Magnetizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovencha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetizmi" title="Magnetizmi – alban" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Magnetizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="alban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Магнетизам – serbcha" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Магнетизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magn%C3%A9tisme" title="Magnétisme – sundan" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Magnétisme" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism" title="Magnetism – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Magnetism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usumaku" title="Usumaku – suaxili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usumaku" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaxili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="காந்தவியல் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காந்தவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="అయస్కాంతత్వం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అయస్కాంతత్వం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81" title="ความเป็นแม่เหล็ก – tay" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความเป็นแม่เหล็ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manyetizma" title="Manyetizma – turk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Manyetizma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Магнетизм – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Магнетизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مقناطیسیت – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مقناطیسیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%AB_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Từ học – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Từ học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetismo" title="Magnetismo – varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Magnetismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁 – vu xitoy" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="磁" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁 – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="磁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BB-kh%C3%AC" title="Chû-khì – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chû-khì" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁 – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="磁" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuwonga" title="Ubuwonga – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ubuwonga" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3294789#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomfazolar"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Magnetizm" title="Sahifani ko‘rish [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Maqola</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Munozara:Magnetizm" rel="discussion" title="Sahifa matni borasida munozara [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Munozara</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Til variantini oʻzgartirish" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">lotin/кирилл</span> </label> <div 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="uz" dir="ltr"><p><b>Magnetizm</b> (magnit soʻzidan) — <a href="/wiki/Elektr_toki" title="Elektr toki">elektr toklarning</a> oʻzaro taʼsiri, toklar va <a href="/wiki/Magnit" title="Magnit">magnitlar</a> yoki <a href="/wiki/Magnit_moment" title="Magnit moment">magnit momentga</a> ega bulgan jismlar orasidagi mavjud oʻzaro taʼsir jarayonida sodir buladigan hodisalar. Bu taʼsir <a href="/wiki/Magnit_maydon" title="Magnit maydon">magnit maydonga</a> bogʻliq. Magnit maydon esa mikrozarralar (elektron, proton, neytron) ning elementar magnit maydoni tufayli paydo boʻladi. Mikrozarralarning magnit maydoni ularning tuzilishiga va maʼlum yoʻnalishidagi tartibli harakatiga bogʻliq. </p><p>Miloddan avvalgi 1-asrdagi xitoy yozma maʼlumotlarida Magnetizm haqidagi baʼzi tushunchalar uchraydi. Magnitlarning oʻzaro taʼsiri, shuningdek, tabiiy magnit boʻlagi bilan temir qirindilarining magnitlanganligi qad. yunon olimlari asarlarida bor. Oʻrta a.larda magnit <a href="/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas">kompasi</a> keng ishlatilganligi tufayli <a href="/wiki/Yevropa" title="Yevropa">Yevropada</a> magnit haqidagi tushunchalar tajribalarda oʻrganila boshladi. Keyinchalik Magnetizm haqidagi maʼlumotlarni. U. Gilbert umumlashtirdi va "<i>Magnit, magnit jismlar va katta magnit — <a href="/wiki/Yer" title="Yer">Yer</a> haqida</i>" degan kitob yezdi. Soʻngra Magnetizm taʼlimoti <a href="/wiki/Dekart_Rene" class="mw-redirect" title="Dekart Rene">R. Dekart</a>, rus fizigi F. Epinus va Sh. Kulon ishlarida birmuncha rivojlantirildi. Elektr va magnit hodisalari orasidagi bogʻlanishni Epinus va Kulon aniqladilar. 1820-yilda X. Ersted elektr tokining magnit maydoni boʻlishligini topdi. Soʻngra <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Amp%C3%A8re" title="André-Marie Ampère">A. Amper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Fridrix_Gauss" title="Karl Fridrix Gauss">K. Gauss</a>, nemis olimi V. Veber bu sohada koʻp ish qildilar. </p><p>Magnetizm haqidagi yangi yoʻnalish, yaʼni Magnetizmni <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnit_maydon" title="Elektromagnit maydon">elektromagnit maydon</a> tasavvurlari asosida tushuntirish <a href="/wiki/Michael_Faraday" title="Michael Faraday">M. Faradey</a> ishlaridan boshlanadi. Bu sohaga, ayniqsa, <a href="/wiki/Ferromagnetizm" title="Ferromagnetizm">ferromagnit</a> va paramagnit xossalarini oʻrganishdagi <a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">K. Maksvell</a>, fizigi A. G. Stoletov, P. Kyuri va boshqalarning ilmiy ishlari Magnetizmning makroskopik nazariyasi poydevorini tashkil etadi. <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">Atom</a> tuzilishi kashf qilinganidan keyin, <a href="/wiki/Kvant_mexanika" title="Kvant mexanika">kvant mexanikaning</a> rivojlanishi tufayli Magnetizm taʼlimotida mikroskopik yoʻnalish paydo boʻldi. Bu sohada, ayniqsa, V. Pauli, L. D. Landau, V. Geyzenberg , P. Dirak ishlari muhimdir. Magnetizmning mikroskopik yoʻnalishida <a href="/wiki/Diamagnetizm" title="Diamagnetizm">diamagnetizm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paramagnetizm" title="Paramagnetizm">paramagnetizm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferromagnetizm" title="Ferromagnetizm">ferromagnetizm</a>-pint: kvant nazariyalari yaratildi. Magnetizmning rivojlanishi natijasida yangi magnit materiallar (mas, yuqori va oʻta yuqori chastota qurilmalarida ishlatiladigan ferritlar, shaffof ferromagnitlar) vujudga keldi. </p><p>Har bir jism maʼlum miqdorda magnit xususiyatiga ega. Shuning uchun jismlarning magnit xususiyatlarini urganishda magnetiklar degan tushuncha kiritilgan. <a href="/wiki/Yer" title="Yer">Yer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quyosh" title="Quyosh">Quyosh</a> va yulduzlar ham magnit xususiyatiga ega (qarang <a href="/wiki/Yer_magnetizmi" title="Yer magnetizmi">Yer magnitizmi</a>). Magnit maydon kosmik fazoda ham mavjudligini kosmik zaryadli zarralarning harakatida koʻrish mumkin. Magnetizm hodisalarining kosmik fazodan mikrozarralargacha taalluqli boʻlishi ularning fan va mexnikadagi ahamiyatining nihoyatda kattaligini bildiradi. Jismlarning magnit xususiyatlari Magnetizmga ega atomlarning tabiati va ular oʻrtasidagi oʻzaro taʼsir harakteri bilan aniqlanadi. Odatda, jismlar Magnetizmi elektron vayadro Magnetizmlaridan farqqiladi. Magnetizm orbital va spin Magnetizmga boʻlinadi. <a href="/wiki/Kimyoviy_elementlar_davriy_sistemasi" title="Kimyoviy elementlar davriy sistemasi">Kimyoviy elementlarning Mendeleyev davriy sistemasipa</a> joylashishidan ularning magnit xususiyatlarini aniqlash mumkin. Mas, inert gazlarning atom elektron qobiqlarining magnit qismlari yoʻq, chunki elektron qobiqning orbital va spin magnit momentlarining yigʻindisi nolga teng . Ishqoriy metallarda atom, elektron orbital momenti nolga teng boʻlgani uchun, ularning magnit qiymati valent elektronning spin momenti qiymatiga teng . Jism Magnetizmi uning tarkibidagi mikrozarralar oʻzaro taʼsiri harakteriga bogʻliq. Shu tufayli Magnetizm jismning holatiga (gaz, su-yuklik yoki kristall, katta yoki kichik bosimli, temperaturali boʻlishiga) qarab oʻzgarishi mumkin. Magnetizm hodisasi elektronikada, asbobsozlikda, elektronhisoblash mashinalari, dengiz va kosmik kemalarni kuzatish qurilmalarida, foydali qazilmalarni geofizik usullar bilan qidirish ishlarida, avtomatika, <a href="/wiki/Kinotexnika" title="Kinotexnika">kinotexnika</a>, telemexanika va boshqa sohalarda keng qoʻllanadi. </p><p>Ishlatilish sohasiga koʻra magnit materiallar maʼlum fizik xossalarga (mas, transformator yoki generator yasashda ishlatiladigan boʻlsa, gisterezista kam energiya yoʻqotiladigan va yuqori magnit kirituvchanlik xossasiga, doimiy magnit sifatda ishlatiladigan boʻlsa, yuqori koersitiv kuchta va qoldiq magnitlanganlik xususiyatiga) ega boʻlishi kerak. Yuksak chastotali uskunalarda ferromagnit yarimoʻtkazgichlar keng qoʻllanadi. Bulardan elektr qarshiligi katta boʻlgan ferritlar uyurma /ioklarda kam energiya yoʻqotadi. Magnit materiallarning kimyoviy tarkibini oʻzgartirish, termik va mexanik ishlov berish yoʻli va boshqa usullar bilan magnit materiallariga zarur xususiyatlarni berish mumkin. Jism strukturasini aniqlashda yoki <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekulalar</a> sturukturasi va kimyoviy bogʻlanishlarni urganishda Magnetizm hodisasidan foydalaniladi. Gaz, suyuklik va qattiq jismlarning magnit xususiyatlarini chuqurroq oʻrganish kimyoviy reaksiya jarayonlarida boʻlayotgan hodisalarni mukammal yoritish imkoniyatini beradi. Texnikada magnit usullari bilan nazorat qilish, jismlardagi ichki nuqsonlarni aniqlash (magnit defektoskopiyasi) va boshqa keng rivojlanmoqda. </p><p>Magnit ta'siri va xususiyatlari bilan birgalikda magnit maydoni ataladi. Ularning mavjudligi uzoq vaqt davomida ma'lum qilindi. Bu to'rt ming yil oldin uchun, xitoy dengiz kampaniyalarida bir kompas va navigatsiya yaratish uchun ushbu bilim ishlatiladi, deb taxmin qilinadi. Tajribalar o'tkazish va jiddiy jismoniy magnit hodisa faqat xix asrda boshlandi o'rganish. Bu sohada birinchi tadqiqotchilar biri xans ersted hisoblanadi. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Awdawdawffjhga.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Awdawdawffjhga.png/220px-Awdawdawffjhga.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Awdawdawffjhga.png/330px-Awdawdawffjhga.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Awdawdawffjhga.png/440px-Awdawdawffjhga.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="409" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Magnit hodisalari kosmosda va yer yuzida, ham sodir bo'lishi mumkin, va faqat magnit maydonlarining darajada ko'rsatilgan. Bunday maydonlar elektr ayblovlar kelib chiqadi. Ayblovlar hali ularning atrofida elektr maydon bo'lsa. Qachon ular harakat - magnit maydon. </p><p>Bu magnit maydon hodisa elektr toki paydo yoki muqobil elektr maydon bilan sodir bo'ladi. Bu kuch magnit va magnitli iletkenlerini ta'sir doirasida makon viloyati hisoblanadi. Bu o'z yo'nalishini ega, va uning manbadan masofada sifatida drijyor kamayadi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adabiyot">Adabiyot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetizm&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Adabiyot" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetizm&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Adabiyot"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Vonsovskiy S. V., Magnetizm, Magnitnie svoystva dia-, para-, ferri-, antiferro-, ferromagnetikov, M., 1971; Uvayt M ., Kvantovaya teoriya magnetizma [per s angl.], M., 1972<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetizm&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetizm&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3605845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzME" class="mw-redirect" title="OʻzME">OʻzME</a>. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3736688">.mw-parser-output .fmbox{clear:both;margin:0.2em 0;width:100%;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#f8f9fa;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-warning{border:1px solid #bb7070;background-color:#ffdbdb}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-editnotice{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}</style></p><table class="plainlinks fmbox fmbox-system" role="presentation" style="border: 1px dashed #f4c430; width: 65%; margin: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Enciklopedia_stub.png/40px-Enciklopedia_stub.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Enciklopedia_stub.png/60px-Enciklopedia_stub.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Enciklopedia_stub.png/80px-Enciklopedia_stub.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="538" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="font-style: italic;">Ushbu maqolada <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston_milliy_ensiklopediyasi" title="Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi">Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi</a> (2000-2005) maʼlumotlaridan foydalanilgan.</td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /> </p><table class="metadata plainlinks stub" align="center" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Stub_W.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stub ikona"><img alt="Stub ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/50px-Stub_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/75px-Stub_W.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/100px-Stub_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td><center><i>Ushbu maqola <a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Chala_maqolalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikipediya:Chala maqolalar">chaladir</a>. 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