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class="frontpage-banner__list"><a class="frontpage-banner__list-item" href="/ebook"><i class="frontpage-banner__buy-ebook"></i><span>购买</span><span>EPUB/PDF</span></a><div class="frontpage-banner__list-item"><div class="frontpage-share"><span class="frontpage-share__title">分享:</span><a class="frontpage-share__icon frontpage-share__icon_tw" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.javascript.info%2F" rel="nofollow"></a><a class="frontpage-share__icon frontpage-share__icon_fb" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?s=100&p%5Burl%5D=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.javascript.info%2F" rel="nofolllow"></a></div></div><a class="frontpage-banner__list-item github" href="https://github.com/javascript-tutorial/zh.javascript.info/tree/master"><span class="frontpage-banner__count">10150 ★</span><span class="frontpage-banner__text">github</span></a><a class="frontpage-banner__list-item wechat-qq" href="#"><i class="frontpage-banner__wechat-qq"></i><span>WeChat 和 QQ</span></a></div></div></div><div class="frontpage-banner__sub"><h2 class="frontpage-banner__subtitle">目录</h2><p class="frontpage-banner__text">课程的核心内容包含 2 部分，涵盖了 JavaScript 编程语言相关知识和浏览器行为。此外还有一系列的专题文章。</p></div></div></div><div class="page__inner"><main class="main main_frontpage"><div class="content frontpage"><div class="frontpage-content"><div class="tabs"><nav class="tabs__menu"><div class="tabs__menu-inner"><div class="tabs__menu-inner-scroll"><a class="tabs__menu-button active" href="#tab-1"><span class="tabs__menu-button-title">第 一 部分</span><span>JavaScript 编程语言</span></a><a class="tabs__menu-button" href="#tab-2"><span class="tabs__menu-button-title">第 二 部分</span><span>浏览器：文档，事件，接口</span></a><a class="tabs__menu-button" href="#tab-3"><span class="tabs__menu-button-title">第 三 部分</span><span>其他文章</span></a></div></div></nav><div class="tabs__content" id="tab-1"><section class="tabs__content-section"><div class="tabs__content-inner"><div><h2 class="frontpage-content__title">JavaScript 编程语言</h2><div class="frontpage-content__description"><p>在这儿我们将从头开始学习 JavaScript，也会学习 OOP 等相关高级概念。</p> <p>本教程专注于语言本身，我们默认使用最小环境。</p> </div><div class="list"><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/getting-started">简介</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/intro">JavaScript 简介</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/manuals-specifications">手册与规范</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/code-editors">代码编辑器</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/devtools">开发者控制台</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/first-steps">JavaScript 基础知识</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li 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href="/switch">"switch" 语句</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/function-basics">函数</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/function-expressions">函数表达式</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/arrow-functions-basics">箭头函数，基础知识</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/javascript-specials">JavaScript 特性</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><a class="list-sub__more" href="#">更多内容…</a></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/code-quality">代码质量</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/debugging-chrome">在浏览器中调试</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/coding-style">代码风格</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/comments">注释</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/ninja-code">忍者代码</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/testing-mocha">使用 Mocha 进行自动化测试</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/polyfills">Polyfill 和转译器</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/object-basics">Object（对象）：基础知识</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/object">对象</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/object-copy">对象引用和复制</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/garbage-collection">垃圾回收</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/object-methods">对象方法，"this"</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/constructor-new">构造器和操作符 "new"</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/optional-chaining">可选链 "?."</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/symbol">symbol 类型</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/object-toprimitive">对象 —— 原始值转换</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/data-types">数据类型</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/primitives-methods">原始类型的方法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/number">数字类型</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/string">字符串</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/array">数组</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/array-methods">数组方法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/iterable">Iterable object（可迭代对象）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/map-set">Map and Set（映射和集合）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/weakmap-weakset">WeakMap and WeakSet（弱映射和弱集合）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/keys-values-entries">Object.keys，values，entries</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/destructuring-assignment">解构赋值</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/date">日期和时间</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/json">JSON 方法，toJSON</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><a class="list-sub__more" href="#">更多内容…</a></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/advanced-functions">函数进阶内容</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/recursion">递归和堆栈</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/rest-parameters-spread">Rest 参数与 Spread 语法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/closure">变量作用域，闭包</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/var">老旧的 "var"</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/global-object">全局对象</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/function-object">函数对象，NFE</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/new-function">"new Function" 语法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/settimeout-setinterval">调度：setTimeout 和 setInterval</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/call-apply-decorators">装饰器模式和转发，call/apply</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/bind">函数绑定</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/arrow-functions">深入理解箭头函数</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><a class="list-sub__more" href="#">更多内容…</a></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/object-properties">对象属性配置</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/property-descriptors">属性标志和属性描述符</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/property-accessors">属性的 getter 和 setter</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/prototypes">原型，继承</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/prototype-inheritance">原型继承</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/function-prototype">F.prototype</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/native-prototypes">原生的原型</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/prototype-methods">原型方法，没有 __proto__ 的对象</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/classes">类</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/class">Class 基本语法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/class-inheritance">类继承</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/static-properties-methods">静态属性和静态方法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/private-protected-properties-methods">私有的和受保护的属性和方法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/extend-natives">扩展内建类</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/instanceof">类检查："instanceof"</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/mixins">Mixin 模式</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/error-handling">错误处理</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/try-catch">错误处理，"try...catch"</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/custom-errors">自定义 Error，扩展 Error</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/async">Promise，async/await</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/callbacks">简介：回调</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/promise-basics">Promise</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/promise-chaining">Promise 链</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/promise-error-handling">使用 promise 进行错误处理</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/promise-api">Promise API</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/promisify">Promisification</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/microtask-queue">微任务（Microtask）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/async-await">async/await</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/generators-iterators">Generator，高级 iteration</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/generators">generator</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/async-iterators-generators">异步迭代和 generator</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/modules">模块</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/modules-intro">模块 (Module) 简介</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/import-export">导出和导入</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/modules-dynamic-imports">动态导入</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/js-misc">杂项</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/proxy">Proxy 和 Reflect</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/eval">Eval：执行代码字符串</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/currying-partials">柯里化（Currying）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/reference-type">Reference Type</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/bigint">BigInt</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/unicode">Unicode —— 字符串内幕</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></section></div><div class="tabs__content" id="tab-2"><section class="tabs__content-section"><div class="tabs__content-inner"><div><h2 class="frontpage-content__title">浏览器：文档，事件，接口</h2><div class="frontpage-content__description"><p>学习如何管理浏览器页面：添加元素，操纵元素的大小和位置，动态创建接口并与访问者互动。</p> </div><div class="list"><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/document">Document</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/browser-environment">浏览器环境，规格</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/dom-nodes">DOM 树</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/dom-navigation">遍历 DOM</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/searching-elements-dom">搜索：getElement*，querySelector*</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/basic-dom-node-properties">节点属性：type，tag 和 content</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/dom-attributes-and-properties">特性和属性（Attributes and properties）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/modifying-document">修改文档（document）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/styles-and-classes">样式和类</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/size-and-scroll">元素大小和滚动</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/size-and-scroll-window">Window 大小和滚动</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/coordinates">坐标</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><a class="list-sub__more" href="#">更多内容…</a></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/events">事件简介</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/introduction-browser-events">浏览器事件简介</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/bubbling-and-capturing">冒泡和捕获</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/event-delegation">事件委托</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/default-browser-action">浏览器默认行为</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/dispatch-events">创建自定义事件</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/event-details">UI 事件</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/mouse-events-basics">鼠标事件</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/mousemove-mouseover-mouseout-mouseenter-mouseleave">移动鼠标：mouseover/out，mouseenter/leave</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/mouse-drag-and-drop">鼠标拖放事件</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/pointer-events">指针事件</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/keyboard-events">键盘：keydown 和 keyup</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/onscroll">滚动</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/forms-controls">表单，控件</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/form-elements">表单属性和方法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/focus-blur">聚焦：focus/blur</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/events-change-input">事件：change，input，cut，copy，paste</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/forms-submit">表单：事件和方法提交</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/loading">加载文档和其他资源</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/onload-ondomcontentloaded">页面生命周期：DOMContentLoaded，load，beforeunload，unload</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/script-async-defer">脚本：async，defer</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/onload-onerror">资源加载：onload，onerror</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/ui-misc">杂项</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/mutation-observer">DOM 变动观察器（Mutation observer）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/selection-range">选择（Selection）和范围（Range）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/event-loop">事件循环：微任务和宏任务</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></section></div><div class="tabs__content" id="tab-3"><section class="tabs__content-section tabs__content-section_no-shadow"><div class="tabs__content-inner"><div><h2 class="frontpage-content__title">其他文章</h2><div class="frontpage-content__description">教程的前两部分未涉及的其他主题的内容列表。此处没有明确的层次结构，你可以按你需要的顺序阅读文章。</div><div class="list"><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/frames-and-windows">Frame 和 window</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/popup-windows">弹窗和 window 的方法</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/cross-window-communication">跨窗口通信</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/clickjacking">点击劫持攻击</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/binary">二进制数据，文件</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/arraybuffer-binary-arrays">ArrayBuffer，二进制数组</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/text-decoder">TextDecoder 和 TextEncoder</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/blob">Blob</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/file">File 和 FileReader</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/network">网络请求</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/fetch">Fetch</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/formdata">FormData</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/fetch-progress">Fetch：下载进度</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/fetch-abort">Fetch：中止（Abort）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/fetch-crossorigin">Fetch：跨源请求</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/fetch-api">Fetch API</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/url">URL 对象</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/xmlhttprequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/resume-upload">可恢复的文件上传</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/long-polling">长轮询（Long polling）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/websocket">WebSocket</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item list-sub__item_phone_hidden"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/server-sent-events">Server Sent Events</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><a class="list-sub__more" href="#">更多内容…</a></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/data-storage">在浏览器中存储数据</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/cookie">Cookie，document.cookie</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/localstorage">LocalStorage，sessionStorage</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/indexeddb">IndexedDB</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/animation">动画</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/bezier-curve">贝塞尔曲线</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/css-animations">CSS 动画</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/js-animation">JavaScript 动画</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div class="list__title"><a class="list__link" href="/web-components">Web components</a></div><ul class="list-sub"><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/webcomponents-intro">从星球轨道的高度讲起</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/custom-elements">Custom elements</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/shadow-dom">影子 DOM（Shadow DOM）</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/template-element">模板元素</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/slots-composition">Shadow DOM 插槽，组成</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/shadow-dom-style">给 Shadow DOM 添加样式</a></div></li><li class="list-sub__item"><div class="list-sub__title"><a class="list-sub__link" href="/shadow-dom-events">Shadow DOM 和事件（events）</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="list__item"><div 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