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risk</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: structural risk"> <meta name="keywords" content="structural risk"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="structural risk"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 10065</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: structural risk</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10065</span> Application of the Tripartite Model to the Link between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Risk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashley%20Wei-Ting%20Wang">Ashley Wei-Ting Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Yau%20Hsu"> Wen-Yau Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The current study applies and expands the Tripartite Model to elaborate the link between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior. We propose a structural model of NSSI and suicidal risk, in which negative affect (NA) predicts both anxiety and depression, positive affect (PA) predicts depression only, anxiety is linked to NSSI, and depression is linked to suicidal risk. Method: Four hundreds and eighty seven undergraduates participated. Data were collected by administering self-report questionnaires. We performed hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling to test the proposed structural model. Results: The results largely support the proposed structural model, with one exception: anxiety was strongly associated with NSSI and to a lesser extent with suicidal risk. Conclusions: We conclude that the co-occurrence of NSSI and suicidal risk is due to NA and anxiety, and suicidal risk can be differentiated by depression. Further theoretical and practical implications are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-suicidal%20self-injury" title="non-suicidal self-injury">non-suicidal self-injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suicidal%20risk" title=" suicidal risk"> suicidal risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title=" anxiety"> anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20tripartite%20model" title=" the tripartite model"> the tripartite model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20relationship" title=" hierarchical relationship"> hierarchical relationship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5072/application-of-the-tripartite-model-to-the-link-between-non-suicidal-self-injury-and-suicidal-risk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10064</span> A Structural Equation Model of Risk Perception of Rockfall for Revisit Intention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Fen%20Lee">Ya-Fen Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun-Yao%20Chi"> Yun-Yao Chi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to explore the relationship between risk perceptions of rockfall and revisit intention using a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis. A total of 573 valid questionnaires are collected from travelers to Taroko National Park, Taiwan. The findings show the majority of travellers have the medium perception of rockfall risk, and are willing to revisit the Taroko National Park. The revisit intention to Taroko National Park is influenced by hazardous preferences, willingness-to-pay, obstruction and attraction. The risk perception has an indirect effect on revisit intention through influencing willingness-to-pay. The study results can be a reference for mitigation the rockfall disaster. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20perception" title="risk perception">risk perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rockfall" title=" rockfall"> rockfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revisit%20intention" title=" revisit intention"> revisit intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modelling" title=" structural equation modelling"> structural equation modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6231/a-structural-equation-model-of-risk-perception-of-rockfall-for-revisit-intention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10063</span> The Impact of Structural Empowerment on Risk Management Practices: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia Construction Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Alyami">S. Alyami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mohammad"> S. Mohammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These Risk management practices have a significant impact on construction SMEs. The effective utilisation of these practices depends on culture change in order to optimise decision making for critical activities within construction projects. Thus, successful implementation of empowerment strategies would enhance operational employees to participate in effective decision making. However, there remain many barriers to individuals and organisations within empowerment strategies that require empirical investigation before the industry can benefit from their implementation. Gaps in understanding the relationship between employee empowerment and risk management practices still exist. This research paper aims to examine the impact of the structural empowerment on risk management practices in construction SMEs. The questionnaire has been distributed to participants (162 employees) that involve projects and civil engineers within a case study from Saudi construction SMEs. Partial least squares based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilised to perform analysis. The results reveal a positive relationship between empowerment and risk management practices. The study shows how structural empowerment contributes to operational employees in risk management practices through involving activities such as decision making, self-efficiency, and autonomy. The findings of this study will contribute to close the current gaps in the construction SMEs context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20SMEs" title="construction SMEs">construction SMEs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowerment" title=" empowerment"> empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management "> risk management </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125468/the-impact-of-structural-empowerment-on-risk-management-practices-a-case-study-of-saudi-arabia-construction-small-and-medium-sized-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125468.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10062</span> Urban Search, Rescue and Rapid Field Assessment of Damaged and Collapsed Building Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20I.%20Abu-Tair">Abid I. Abu-Tair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gavin%20M.%20Wilde"> Gavin M. Wilde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20M.%20Kinuthia"> John M. Kinuthia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) is a functional capability that has been developed to allow the United Kingdom Fire and Rescue Service to deal with ‘major incidents’ primarily involving structural collapse. The nature of the work undertaken by USAR means that staying out of a damaged or collapsed building structure is not usually an option for search and rescue personnel. As a result, there is always a risk that they could become victims. For this paper, a systematic and investigative review using desk research was undertaken to explore the role which structural engineering can play in assisting search and rescue personnel to conduct structural assessments when in the field. The focus is on how search and rescue personnel can assess damaged and collapsed building structures, not just in terms of the structural damage that may be countered, but also in relation to structural stability. Natural disasters, accidental emergencies, acts of terrorism and other extreme events can vary significantly in nature and ferocity, and can cause a wide variety of damage to building structures. It is not possible or, even realistic, to provide search and rescue personnel with definitive guidelines and procedures to assess damaged and collapsed building structures as there are too many variables to consider. However, understanding what implications damage may have upon the structural stability of a building structure will enable search and rescue personnel to judge better and quantify the risk from a life-safety standpoint. It is intended that this will allow search and rescue personnel to make informed decisions and ensure every effort is made to mitigate risk so that they do not become victims. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damaged%20and%20collapsed%20building%20structures" title="damaged and collapsed building structures">damaged and collapsed building structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20safety" title=" life safety"> life safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantifying%20risk" title=" quantifying risk"> quantifying risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=search%20and%20rescue%20personnel" title=" search and rescue personnel"> search and rescue personnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20assessments%20in%20the%20field" title=" structural assessments in the field"> structural assessments in the field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21334/urban-search-rescue-and-rapid-field-assessment-of-damaged-and-collapsed-building-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10061</span> Risk Analysis of Flood Physical Vulnerability in Residential Areas of Mathare Nairobi, Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Kinyua%20Gitonga">James Kinyua Gitonga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshio%20Fujimi"> Toshio Fujimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vulnerability assessment and analysis is essential to solving the degree of damage and loss as a result of natural disasters. Urban flooding causes a major economic loss and casualties, at Mathare residential area in Nairobi, Kenya. High population caused by rural-urban migration, Unemployment, and unplanned urban development are among factors that increase flood vulnerability in Mathare area. This study aims to analyse flood risk physical vulnerabilities in Mathare based on scientific data, research data that includes the Rainfall data, River Mathare discharge rate data, Water runoff data, field survey data and questionnaire survey through sampling of the study area have been used to develop the risk curves. Three structural types of building were identified in the study area, vulnerability and risk curves were made for these three structural types by plotting the relationship between flood depth and damage for each structural type. The results indicate that the structural type with mud wall and mud floor is the most vulnerable building to flooding while the structural type with stone walls and concrete floor is least vulnerable. The vulnerability of building contents is mainly determined by the number of floors, where households with two floors are least vulnerable, and households with a one floor are most vulnerable. Therefore more than 80% of the residential buildings including the property in the building are highly vulnerable to floods consequently exposed to high risk. When estimating the potential casualties/injuries we discovered that the structural types of houses were major determinants where the mud/adobe structural type had casualties of 83.7% while the Masonry structural type had casualties of 10.71% of the people living in these houses. This research concludes that flood awareness, warnings and observing the building codes will enable reduce damage to the structural types of building, deaths and reduce damage to the building contents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20loss" title="flood loss">flood loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathare%20Nairobi" title=" Mathare Nairobi"> Mathare Nairobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20curve%20analysis" title=" risk curve analysis"> risk curve analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title=" vulnerability"> vulnerability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90309/risk-analysis-of-flood-physical-vulnerability-in-residential-areas-of-mathare-nairobi-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10060</span> Identifying the Structural Components of Old Buildings from Floor Plans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi-Yu%20Xu">Shi-Yu Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The top three risk factors that have contributed to building collapses during past earthquake events in Taiwan are: "irregular floor plans or elevations," "insufficient columns in single-bay buildings," and the "weak-story problem." Fortunately, these unsound structural characteristics can be directly identified from the floor plans. However, due to the vast number of old buildings, conducting manual inspections to identify these compromised structural features in all existing structures would be time-consuming and prone to human errors. This study aims to develop an algorithm that utilizes artificial intelligence techniques to automatically pinpoint the structural components within a building's floor plans. The obtained spatial information will be utilized to construct a digital structural model of the building. This information, particularly regarding the distribution of columns in the floor plan, can then be used to conduct preliminary seismic assessments of the building. The study employs various image processing and pattern recognition techniques to enhance detection efficiency and accuracy. The study enables a large-scale evaluation of structural vulnerability for numerous old buildings, providing ample time to arrange for structural retrofitting in those buildings that are at risk of significant damage or collapse during earthquakes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20vulnerability%20detection" title="structural vulnerability detection">structural vulnerability detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20recognition" title=" object recognition"> object recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20capacity%20assessment" title=" seismic capacity assessment"> seismic capacity assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=old%20buildings" title=" old buildings"> old buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169289/identifying-the-structural-components-of-old-buildings-from-floor-plans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10059</span> Environmental Governance and Opportunities for Disaster Risk Reduction in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Willie%20Eselebor">Willie Eselebor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental governance is not new, but may consist of a series of actions taken to establish sanity and ensure sustainable environment. While there is a growing accord linking disaster risk reduction with the management of environment and natural resources, little is known about failure to act which constitute vulnerability and how improved governance reduces risk globally. The paper reviews emerging trends in the field of application of governance tools and approaches for reducing disaster risk. The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) enjoin all stakeholders to stimulate the sustainable use and management of ecosystems, which promote the implementation of integrated environmental and natural resource planning that incorporate disaster risk reduction, including structural and non-structural measures, such as integrated management of fragile ecosystems. The methodology adopted is a case study of disaster-prone sites, prompting guided analysis on which hazards are traceable to environmental degradation, why a degraded environment reduces community resilience; how healthy ecosystems provide natural defense, and which opportunities exist to address gaps in reduction of disasters in Nigeria. The paper further analyses the interaction between disaster risk and environmental change. It is established that environmental governance remains a challenge; which implies that there is the need for a shift in traditional approaches to disaster risk management; exploring new initiatives and allowing environmental managers to be docketed as disaster risk managers in context, potentially opening up a window of dialogue on disaster risk management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster" title="disaster">disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem" title=" ecosystem"> ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82888/environmental-governance-and-opportunities-for-disaster-risk-reduction-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10058</span> Risk Measure from Investment in Finance by Value at Risk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20El-Arbi%20Khalfallah">Mohammed El-Arbi Khalfallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Lakhdar%20Hadji"> Mohamed Lakhdar Hadji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Managing and controlling risk is a topic research in the world of finance. Before a risky situation, the stakeholders need to do comparison according to the positions and actions, and financial institutions must take measures of a particular market risk and credit. In this work, we study a model of risk measure in finance: Value at Risk (VaR), which is a new tool for measuring an entity's exposure risk. We explain the concept of value at risk, your average, tail, and describe the three methods for computing: Parametric method, Historical method, and numerical method of Monte Carlo. Finally, we briefly describe advantages and disadvantages of the three methods for computing value at risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20value%20at%20risk" title="average value at risk">average value at risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20value%20at%20risk" title=" conditional value at risk"> conditional value at risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tail%20value%20at%20risk" title=" tail value at risk"> tail value at risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20at%20risk" title=" value at risk"> value at risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61669/risk-measure-from-investment-in-finance-by-value-at-risk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10057</span> Integrating Individual and Structural Health Risk: A Social Identity Perspective on the HIV/AIDS Pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orla%20Muldoon">Orla Muldoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamaryn%20Nicolson"> Tamaryn Nicolson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mike%20Quayle"> Mike Quayle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aisling%20O%27Donnell"> Aisling O'Donnell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Psychology most often considers the role of experience and behaviour in shaping health at the individual level. On the other hand epidemiology has long considered risk at the wider group or structural level. Here we use the social identity approach to integrate group-level risk with individual level behaviour. Using a social identity approach we demonstrate that group or macro-level factors impact implicitly and profoundly in everyday ways at the level of individuals, via social identities. We illustrate how identities related to race, gender and inequality intersect to affect HIV/AIDS risk and AIDS treatment behaviours; how social identity processes drive stigmatising consequences of HIV and AIDS, and promote positive and effective interventions. We conclude by arguing that the social identity approach offers the field an explanatory framework that conceptualizes how social and political forces intersect with individual identity and agency to affect human health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20identity%20approach" title="social identity approach">social identity approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV%2FAIDS" title=" HIV/AIDS"> HIV/AIDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title=" Africa"> Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV%20risk" title=" HIV risk"> HIV risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=race" title=" race"> race</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21212/integrating-individual-and-structural-health-risk-a-social-identity-perspective-on-the-hivaids-pandemic-in-sub-saharan-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10056</span> Accelerated Evaluation of Structural Reliability under Tsunami Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sai%20Hung%20Cheung">Sai Hung Cheung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhe%20Shao"> Zhe Shao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is of our great interest to quantify the risk to structural dynamic systems due to earthquake-induced tsunamis in view of recent earthquake-induced tsunamis in Padang, 2004 and Tohoku, 2011 which brought huge losses of lives and properties. Despite continuous advancement in computational simulation of the tsunami and wave-structure interaction modeling, it still remains computationally challenging to evaluate the reliability of a structural dynamic system when uncertainties related to the system and its modeling are taken into account. The failure of the structure in a tsunami-wave-structural system is defined as any response quantities of the system exceeding specified thresholds during the time when the structure is subjected to dynamic wave impact due to earthquake-induced tsunamis. In this paper, an approach based on a novel integration of a recently proposed moving least squares response surface approach for stochastic sampling and the Subset Simulation algorithm is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is discussed by comparing its results with those obtained from the Subset Simulation algorithm without using the response surface approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface" title="response surface">response surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20simulation" title=" stochastic simulation"> stochastic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20reliability%20tsunami" title=" structural reliability tsunami"> structural reliability tsunami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20810/accelerated-evaluation-of-structural-reliability-under-tsunami-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">676</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10055</span> Planning Strategies for Urban Flood Mitigation through Different Case Studies of Best Practices across the World</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bismina%20Akbar">Bismina Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smitha%20M.%20V."> Smitha M. V.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flooding is a global phenomenon that causes widespread devastation, economic damage, and loss of human lives. In the past twenty years, the number of reported flood events has increased significantly. Millions of people around the globe are at risk of flooding from coastal, dam breaks, groundwater, and urban surface water and wastewater sources. Climate change is one of the important causes for them since it affects, directly and indirectly, the river network. Although the contribution of climate change is undeniable, human contributions are there to increase the frequency of floods. There are different types of floods, such as Flash floods, Coastal floods, Urban floods, River (or fluvial) floods, and Ponding (or pluvial flooding). This study focuses on formulating mitigation strategies for urban flood risk reduction through analysis of different best practice case studies, including China, Japan, Indonesia, and Brazil. The mitigation measures suggest that apart from the structural and non-structural measures, environmental considerations like blue-green solutions are beneficial for flood risk reduction. And also, Risk-Informed Master plans are essential nowadays to take risk-based decision processes that enable more sustainability and resilience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazard" title="hazard">hazard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title=" mitigation"> mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20reduction" title=" risk reduction"> risk reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20flood" title=" urban flood"> urban flood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150322/planning-strategies-for-urban-flood-mitigation-through-different-case-studies-of-best-practices-across-the-world" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10054</span> Application of Italian Guidelines for Existing Bridge Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giovanni%20Menichini">Giovanni Menichini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salvatore%20Giacomo%20Morano"> Salvatore Giacomo Morano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20Terenzi"> Gloria Terenzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luca%20Salvatori"> Luca Salvatori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maurizio%20Orlando"> Maurizio Orlando</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The “Guidelines for Risk Classification, Safety Assessment, and Structural Health Monitoring of Existing Bridges” were recently approved by the Italian Government to define technical standards for managing the national network of existing bridges. These guidelines provide a framework for risk mitigation and safety assessment of bridges, which are essential elements of the built environment and form the basis for the operation of transport systems. Within the guideline framework, a workflow based on three main points was proposed: (1) risk-based, i.e., based on typical parameters of hazard, vulnerability, and exposure; (2) multi-level, i.e., including six assessment levels of increasing complexity; and (3) multirisk, i.e., assessing structural/foundational, seismic, hydrological, and landslide risks. The paper focuses on applying the Italian Guidelines to specific case studies, aiming to identify the parameters that predominantly influence the determination of the “class of attention”. The significance of each parameter is determined via sensitivity analysis. Additionally, recommendations for enhancing the process of assigning the class of attention are proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridge%20safety%20assessment" title="bridge safety assessment">bridge safety assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Italian%20guidelines%20implementation" title=" Italian guidelines implementation"> Italian guidelines implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20classification" title=" risk classification"> risk classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20health%20monitoring" title=" structural health monitoring"> structural health monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184665/application-of-italian-guidelines-for-existing-bridge-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">58</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10053</span> Risk Based Inspection and Proactive Maintenance for Civil and Structural Assets in Oil and Gas Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Nazri%20Mustafa">Mohammad Nazri Mustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sh%20Norliza%20Sy%20Salim"> Sh Norliza Sy Salim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedram%20Hatami%20Abdullah"> Pedram Hatami Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Civil and structural assets normally have an average of more than 30 years of design life. Adding to this advantage, the assets are normally subjected to slow degradation process. Due to the fact that repair and strengthening work for these assets are normally not dependent on plant shut down, the maintenance and integrity restoration of these assets are mostly done based on “as required” and “run to failure” basis. However unlike other industries, the exposure in oil and gas environment is harsher as the result of corrosive soil and groundwater, chemical spill, frequent wetting and drying, icing and de-icing, steam and heat, etc. Due to this type of exposure and the increasing level of structural defects and rectification in line with the increasing age of plants, assets integrity assessment requires a more defined scope and procedures that needs to be based on risk and assets criticality. This leads to the establishment of risk based inspection and proactive maintenance procedure for civil and structural assets. To date there is hardly any procedure and guideline as far as integrity assessment and systematic inspection and maintenance of civil and structural assets (onshore) are concerned. Group Technical Solutions has developed a procedure and guideline that takes into consideration credible failure scenario, assets risk and criticality from process safety and structural engineering perspective, structural importance, modeling and analysis among others. Detailed inspection that includes destructive and non-destructive tests (DT & NDT) and structural monitoring is also being performed to quantify defects, assess severity and impact on integrity as well as identify the timeline for integrity restoration. Each defect and its credible failure scenario is assessed against the risk on people, environment, reputation and production loss. This technical paper is intended to share on the established procedure and guideline and their execution in oil & gas plants. In line with the overall roadmap, the procedure and guideline will form part of specialized solutions to increase production and to meet the “Operational Excellence” target while extending service life of civil and structural assets. As the result of implementation, the management of civil and structural assets is now more systematically done and the “fire-fighting” mode of maintenance is being gradually phased out and replaced by a proactive and preventive approach. This technical paper will also set the criteria and pose the challenge to the industry for innovative repair and strengthening methods for civil & structural assets in oil & gas environment, in line with safety, constructability and continuous modification and revamp of plant facilities to meet production demand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assets%20criticality" title="assets criticality">assets criticality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credible%20failure%20scenario" title=" credible failure scenario"> credible failure scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proactive%20and%20preventive%20maintenance" title=" proactive and preventive maintenance"> proactive and preventive maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20based%20inspection" title=" risk based inspection"> risk based inspection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31323/risk-based-inspection-and-proactive-maintenance-for-civil-and-structural-assets-in-oil-and-gas-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10052</span> Severe Bone Marrow Edema on Sacroiliac Joint MRI Increases the Risk of Low BMD in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwi%20Young%20Kang">Kwi Young Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To determine the association between inflammatory and structural lesions on sacroiliac joint (SIJ) MRI and BMD and to identify risk factors for low BMD in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods: Seventy-six patients who fulfilled the ASAS axSpA criteria were enrolled. All underwent SIJ MRI and BMD measurement at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip. Inflammatory and structural lesions on SIJ MRI were scored. Laboratory tests and assessment of radiographic and disease activity were performed at the time of MRI. The association between SIJ MRI findings and BMD was evaluated. Results: Among the 76 patients, 14 (18%) had low BMD. Patients with low BMD showed significantly higher bone marrow edema (BME) and deep BME scores on MRI than those with normal BMD (p<0.047 and 0.007, respectively). Inflammatory lesions on SIJ MRI correlated with BMD at the femoral neck and total hip. Multivariate analysis identified the presence of deep BME on SIJ MRI, increased CRP, and sacroiliitis on X-ray as risk factors for low BMD (OR: 5.6, 14.6, and 2.5, respectively). Conclusion: The presence of deep BME on SIJ MRI, increased CRP levels, and severity of sacroiliitis on X-ray were independent risk factors for low BMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20spondyloarthritis" title="axial spondyloarthritis">axial spondyloarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacroiliac%20joint%20MRI" title=" sacroiliac joint MRI"> sacroiliac joint MRI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20mineral%20density" title=" bone mineral density"> bone mineral density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacroiliitis" title=" sacroiliitis"> sacroiliitis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39768/severe-bone-marrow-edema-on-sacroiliac-joint-mri-increases-the-risk-of-low-bmd-in-patients-with-axial-spondyloarthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10051</span> Household Perspectives and Resistance to Preventive Relocation in Flood Prone Areas: A Case Study in the Polwatta River Basin, Southern Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishara%20Madusanka">Ishara Madusanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So%20Morikawa"> So Morikawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural disasters, particularly floods, pose severe challenges globally, affecting both developed and developing countries. In many regions, especially Asia, riverine floods are prevalent and devastating. Integrated flood management incorporates structural and non-structural measures, with preventive relocation emerging as a cost-effective and proactive strategy for areas repeatedly impacted by severe flooding. However, preventive relocation is often hindered by economic, psychological, social, and institutional barriers. This study investigates the factors influencing resistance to preventive relocation and evaluates the role of flood risk information in shaping relocation decisions through risk perception. A conceptual model was developed, incorporating variables such as Flood Risk Information (FRI), Place Attachment (PA), Good Living Conditions (GLC), and Adaptation to Flooding (ATF), with Flood Risk Perception (FRP) serving as a mediating variable. The research was conducted in Welipitiya in the Polwatta river basin, Matara district, Sri Lanka, a region experiencing recurrent flood damage. For this study, an experimental design involving a structured questionnaire survey was utilized, with 185 households participating. The treatment group received flood risk information, including flood risk maps and historical data, while the control group did not. Data were collected in 2023 and analyzed using independent sample t-tests and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). PLS-SEM was chosen for its ability to model latent variables, handle complex relationships, and suitability for exploratory research. Multi-group Analysis (MGA) assessed variations across different flood risk areas. Findings indicate that flood risk information had a limited impact on flood risk perception and relocation decisions, though its effect was significant in specific high-risk areas. Place attachment was a significant factor influencing relocation decisions across the sample. One potential reason for the limited impact of flood risk information on relocation decisions could be the lack of specificity in the information provided. The results suggest that while flood risk information alone may not significantly influence relocation decisions, it is crucial in specific contexts. Future studies and practitioners should focus on providing more detailed risk information and addressing psychological factors like place attachments to enhance preventive relocation efforts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20risk%20communication" title="flood risk communication">flood risk communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20risk%20perception" title=" flood risk perception"> flood risk perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=place%20attachment" title=" place attachment"> place attachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preventive%20relocation" title=" preventive relocation"> preventive relocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modeling" title=" structural equation modeling"> structural equation modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188399/household-perspectives-and-resistance-to-preventive-relocation-in-flood-prone-areas-a-case-study-in-the-polwatta-river-basin-southern-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10050</span> Model of MSD Risk Assessment at Workplace</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Sekulov%C3%A1">K. Sekulová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20%C5%A0imon"> M. Šimon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article focuses on upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders risk assessment model at workplace. In this model are used risk factors that are responsible for musculoskeletal system damage. Based on statistic calculations the model is able to define what risk of MSD threatens workers who are under risk factors. The model is also able to say how MSD risk would decrease if these risk factors are eliminated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomics" title="ergonomics">ergonomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20disorders" title=" musculoskeletal disorders"> musculoskeletal disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20diseases" title=" occupational diseases"> occupational diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13024/model-of-msd-risk-assessment-at-workplace" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">551</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10049</span> Accelerated Structural Reliability Analysis under Earthquake-Induced Tsunamis by Advanced Stochastic Simulation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sai%20Hung%20Cheung">Sai Hung Cheung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhe%20Shao"> Zhe Shao </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent earthquake-induced tsunamis in Padang, 2004 and Tohoku, 2011 brought huge losses of lives and properties. Maintaining vertical evacuation systems is the most crucial strategy to effectively reduce casualty during the tsunami event. Thus, it is of our great interest to quantify the risk to structural dynamic systems due to earthquake-induced tsunamis. Despite continuous advancement in computational simulation of the tsunami and wave-structure interaction modeling, it still remains computationally challenging to evaluate the reliability (or its complement failure probability) of a structural dynamic system when uncertainties related to the system and its modeling are taken into account. The failure of the structure in a tsunami-wave-structural system is defined as any response quantities of the system exceeding specified thresholds during the time when the structure is subjected to dynamic wave impact due to earthquake-induced tsunamis. In this paper, an approach based on a novel integration of the Subset Simulation algorithm and a recently proposed moving least squares response surface approach for stochastic sampling is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is discussed by comparing its results with those obtained from the Subset Simulation algorithm without using the response surface approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20model" title="response surface model">response surface model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subset%20simulation" title=" subset simulation"> subset simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20reliability" title=" structural reliability"> structural reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsunami%20risk" title=" Tsunami risk"> Tsunami risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15608/accelerated-structural-reliability-analysis-under-earthquake-induced-tsunamis-by-advanced-stochastic-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10048</span> A Relationship between Transformational Leadership, Internal Audit and Risk Management Implementation in the Indonesian Public Sector </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tio%20Novita%20Efriani">Tio Novita Efriani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Public sector organizations work in a complex and risky environment. Since the beginning of 2000s, the public sector has paid attention to the need for an effective risk management. The Indonesian public sector has also concerned about this issue and in 2008 it enacted the Government Regulation that gives mandate for the implementation of risk management in government organizations. This paper investigates risk management implementation in the Indonesian public sector organizations and the role of transformational leadership and internal audit activities. Data was collected via survey. A total of 202 effective responses (30% response rate) from employees in 34 government ministries were statistically analyzed by using Partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and the software was SmartPLS 3.0. All the constructs were lower order, except for the risk management implementation construct, which was treated as a second-order construct. A two-stage approach was employed in the analysis of the higher order component. The findings revealed that transformational leadership positively influence risk management implementation. The findings also found that the core and legitimate roles of internal audit in risk management positively affect the implementation of risk management. The final finding showed that internal auditing mediates a relationship between transformational leadership and risk management implementation. These results suggest that the implementation of risk management in the Indonesian public sector was significantly supported by internal auditors and leadership. The findings confirm the importance of transformational leadership and internal audit in the public sector risk management strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesian%20public%20sector" title="Indonesian public sector">Indonesian public sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20audit" title=" internal audit"> internal audit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management"> risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformational%20leadership" title=" transformational leadership"> transformational leadership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84665/a-relationship-between-transformational-leadership-internal-audit-and-risk-management-implementation-in-the-indonesian-public-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10047</span> Existing Cardiovascular Risk among Children Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus at the Emergency Clinic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masuma%20Novak">Masuma Novak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Novak"> Daniel Novak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Sweden along with other Nordic countries has the highest incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) worldwide. The trend is increasing globally. The diagnosis is often given at the emergency clinic when children arrive with cardinal symptom of T1DM. Children with T1DM are known to have an increased risk of microvascular- and macrovascular complications. A family history of cardiovascular complications may further increase their risk. Clinically evident diabetes-related vascular complications are however rarely visible in childhood and adolescence, whereby an intensive diabetes treatment and normoglycemic control is a goal for every child. This study is a risk evaluation of children with T1DM based on their family’s cardiovascular history. Method: Since 2005 the Better Diabetes Diagnosis (BDD) study is a nationwide Swedish prospective cohort study that recruits new-onset T1DM who are less than 18 years old at time of diagnosis. For each newly diagnosed child, blood samples are collected for specific HLA genotyping and islet autoantibody assays and their family’s cardiovascular history is evaluated. As part of the BDD study, during the years 2010-2013 all children diagnosed with T1DM at the Queen Silvia’s Children’s Hospital in Sweden were asked about their family’s cardiovascular history. Questions regarded maternal and paternal high blood pressure, stroke, and myocardial infarction before the age of 55 years, and hyperlipidemia were answered. A maximum risk score of eight was possible. All children are clinically observed prospectively for early functional and structural abnormalities such as protein uremia, blood pressure, and retinopathy. Results: A total of 275 children aged 0 to 18 years were diagnosed with T1DM at the Queen Silvia’s Children’s Hospital emergency clinic during this four year period. The participation rate was 99.7%. 26.4% of the children had no hereditary cardiovascular risk factors. 22.7 % had one risk factor and 18.8% had two risk factors. 14.8% had three risk factors. 9.7% had four risk factors and 7.5% had five risk factors or more. Conclusion: Among children with T1DM in Sweden there is a difference in hereditary cardiovascular risk factors. These results indicate that children with T1DM who also have increased hereditary cardiovascular risk factors should be monitored closely with early screening for functional and structural cardiovascular abnormalities. This is a very preliminary and ongoing study which will be complemented with the cardiovascular risk analysis among children without T1DM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%20I%20diabetes" title=" type I diabetes"> type I diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20clinic" title=" emergency clinic"> emergency clinic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CVD%20risk" title=" CVD risk"> CVD risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35301/existing-cardiovascular-risk-among-children-diagnosed-with-type-1-diabetes-mellitus-at-the-emergency-clinic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10046</span> Risk Management and Security Practice in Customs Supply Chain: Application of Cross ABC Method to the Moroccan Customs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamia%20Hammadi">Lamia Hammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellah%20Ait%20Ouhman"> Abdellah Ait Ouhman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aomar%20Ibourk"> Aomar Ibourk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is widely assumed that the case of Customs Supply Chain is classified as a complex system, due to not only the variety and large number of actors, but also their complex structural links, and the interactions between these actors, that’s why this system is subject to various types of Risks. The economic, political and social impacts of those risks are highly detrimental to countries, businesses and the public, for this reason, Risk management in the customs supply chain is becoming a crucial issue to ensure the sustainability, security and safety. The main characteristic of customs risk management approach is determining which goods and means of transport should be examined? To what extend? And where future compliance resources should be directed? The purposes of this article are, firstly to deal with the concept of customs supply chain, secondly present our risk management approach based on Cross Activity Based Costing (ABC) Method as an interactive tool to support decision making in customs risk management. Finally, analysis of case study of Moroccan customs to putting theory into practice and will thus draw together the various elements of a structured and efficient risk management approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20ABC%20method" title="cross ABC method">cross ABC method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customs%20supply%20chain" title=" customs supply chain"> customs supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management"> risk management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8638/risk-management-and-security-practice-in-customs-supply-chain-application-of-cross-abc-method-to-the-moroccan-customs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10045</span> Diversification and Risk Management in Non-Profit Organisations: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manzurul%20Alam">Manzurul Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Griffiths"> John Griffiths</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Holloway"> David Holloway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megan%20Paull"> Megan Paull</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20Clear"> Anne Clear </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: This paper investigates the nature of risk management practices in non-profit organizations. It is argued here that the risk exposure of these organizations has increased as a result of their entrepreneurial activities. This study explores how a particular non-profit organization formulates its risk strategies in the face funding restrictions. Design/Method/Approach: The study adopts a case study approach to report the results on how a non-profit organization diversifies its activities, tackles risks arising from such activities and improves performance. Results: The findings show that the organization made structural adjustments and leadership changes which helped to adjust their risk strategies. It also reports the organizational processes to deal with risks arising from both related and unrelated diversification strategies. Implications: Any generalization from this case example needs to be taken with caution as there are significant differences between non-profit organizations operating in different sectors. Originality: The paper makes a significant contribution to the non-profit literature by highlighting the diversification strategies along with risk performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title="risk management">risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20management" title=" performance management"> performance management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-profit%20organizations" title=" non-profit organizations"> non-profit organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20management" title=" financial management"> financial management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27483/diversification-and-risk-management-in-non-profit-organisations-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10044</span> Structural Reliability of Existing Structures: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Sakka">Z. Sakka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Assakkaf"> I. Assakkaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Al-Yaqoub"> T. Al-Yaqoub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Parol"> J. Parol</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A reliability-based methodology for the analysis assessment and evaluation of reinforced concrete structural elements of concrete structures is presented herein. The results of the reliability analysis and assessment for structural elements are verified by the results obtained from the deterministic methods. The analysis outcomes of reliability-based analysis are compared against the safety limits of the required reliability index β according to international standards and codes. The methodology is based on probabilistic analysis using reliability concepts and statistics of the main random variables that are relevant to the subject matter, and for which they are to be used in the performance-function equation(s) related to the structural elements under study. These methodology techniques can result in reliability index β, which is commonly known as the reliability index or reliability measure value that can be utilized to assess and evaluate the safety, human risk, and functionality of the structural component. Also, these methods can result in revised partial safety factor values for certain target reliability indices that can be used for the purpose of redesigning the reinforced concrete elements of the building and in which they could assist in considering some other remedial actions to improve the safety and functionality of the member. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20reliability" title="structural reliability">structural reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20structures" title=" concrete structures"> concrete structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FORM" title=" FORM"> FORM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13796/structural-reliability-of-existing-structures-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10043</span> Board Regulation and Its Impact on Composition and Effects: Evidence from German Cooperative Banks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markus%20Stralla">Markus Stralla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study employs a GMM framework to examine the impact of potential regulatory intervention regarding the occupations of supervisory board members in cooperative banking. To achieve insights, the study proceeds in two different ways. First, it investigates the changes in board structure prior and following to the German Act to Strengthen Financial Market and Insurance Supervision (FinVAG). Second, the study estimates the influence of Ph.D.Share, professional concentration and supervisory power on bank-risk changes in consideration of the implementation of FinVAG. Therefore, the study is based on a sample of 246 German cooperative banks from 2006-2011 while applying four different measures of bank risk, namely credit-, equity-, liquidity-risk, and Z-Score, with the former three also being addressed in FinVAG. Results indicate that the implementation of FinVAG results in (most likely unintentional) structural changes, especially at the expense of farmers, and affects all risk measures and relations between risk measures and supervisory board characteristics in a risk-reducing and therefore intended way. To disentangle the complex relationship between board characteristics and risk measures, the study utilizes two-step system GMM estimator to account for unobserved heterogeneity and simultaneity in order to reduce endogeneity problems. The findings may be especially relevant for stakeholders, regulators, supervisors and managers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bank%20governance" title="bank governance">bank governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bank%20risk-taking" title=" bank risk-taking"> bank risk-taking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20of%20directors" title=" board of directors"> board of directors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation" title=" regulation"> regulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61568/board-regulation-and-its-impact-on-composition-and-effects-evidence-from-german-cooperative-banks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10042</span> Analysis of Factors Used by Farmers to Manage Risk: A Case Study on Italian Farms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Pontrandolfi">A. Pontrandolfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Enjolras"> G. Enjolras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Capitanio"> F. Capitanio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study analyses the strategies Italian farmers use to cope with the risks that face their production. We specifically explore the potential and the limitations of the economic tools for climatic risk management in agriculture of the Common Agricultural Policy 2014-2020, that foresees contributions for economic tools for risk management, in relation to farms’ needs, exposure and vulnerability of agricultural areas to climatic risk. We consider at the farm level approaches to hedge risks in terms of the use of technical tools (agricultural practices, pesticides, fertilizers, irrigation) and economic/financial instruments (insurances, etc.). We develop cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses as well as analyses of correlation that underline the main differences between the way farms adapt their structure and management towards risk. The results show a preference for technical tools, despite the presence of important public aids on economic tools such as insurances. Therefore, there is a strong need for a more effective and integrated risk management policy scheme. Synergies between economic tools and risk reduction actions of a more technical, structural and management nature (production diversification, irrigation infrastructures, technological and management innovations and formation-information-consultancy, etc.) are emphasized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20and%20climate%20change" title="agriculture and climate change">agriculture and climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climatic%20risk%20management" title=" climatic risk management"> climatic risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance%20schemes" title=" insurance schemes"> insurance schemes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmers%27%20approaches%20to%20risk%20management" title=" farmers' approaches to risk management"> farmers' approaches to risk management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47364/analysis-of-factors-used-by-farmers-to-manage-risk-a-case-study-on-italian-farms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10041</span> The Effect of Supplier Trust and Top Management Involvement on Supply Chain Risk Management through Buyer-Supplier Relationship</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hotlan%20Siagian">Hotlan Siagian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Tae%20Hee"> Han Tae Hee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to examine the effect of supplier trust and top management involvement on the supply chain risk management through buyer-supplier relationship. The population of the research is 44 Korean companies domiciled in East and Central Java of Indonesia. The respondent consists of a top management level from each company. Data collection used a questionnaire designed with five-item Likert scale. Collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) technique with SmartPLS software version 3.0 to examine the hypotheses. The result revealed that supplier trust has an effect on supply chain risk management, top management involvement affects supply chain risk management, supplier trust influences buyer-supplier relationship, top management involvement affects the buyer-supplier relationship, and buyer-supplier relationship affects supply chain risk management. The last finding is that buyer-supplier relationship empirically mediates the effect of supplier trust and top management involvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buyer%20supplier%20relationship" title="buyer supplier relationship">buyer supplier relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supplier%20trust" title=" supplier trust"> supplier trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20risk%20management" title=" supply chain risk management"> supply chain risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=top%20management%20involvement" title=" top management involvement"> top management involvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83598/the-effect-of-supplier-trust-and-top-management-involvement-on-supply-chain-risk-management-through-buyer-supplier-relationship" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10040</span> Structural Analysis and Modelling in an Evolving Iron Ore Operation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameh%20Shahin">Sameh Shahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nannang%20Arrys"> Nannang Arrys</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optimizing pit slope stability and reducing strip ratio of a mining operation are two key tasks in geotechnical engineering. With a growing demand for minerals and an increasing cost associated with extraction, companies are constantly re-evaluating the viability of mineral deposits and challenging their geological understanding. Within Rio Tinto Iron Ore, the Structural Geology (SG) team investigate and collect critical data, such as point based orientations, mapping and geological inferences from adjacent pits to re-model deposits where previous interpretations have failed to account for structurally controlled slope failures. Utilizing innovative data collection methods and data-driven investigation, SG aims to address the root causes of slope instability. Committing to a resource grid drill campaign as the primary source of data collection will often bias data collection to a specific orientation and significantly reduce the capability to identify and qualify complexity. Consequently, these limitations make it difficult to construct a realistic and coherent structural model that identifies adverse structural domains. Without the consideration of complexity and the capability of capturing these structural domains, mining operations run the risk of inadequately designed slopes that may fail and potentially harm people. Regional structural trends have been considered in conjunction with surface and in-pit mapping data to model multi-batter fold structures that were absent from previous iterations of the structural model. The risk is evident in newly identified dip-slope and rock-mass controlled sectors of the geotechnical design rather than a ubiquitous dip-slope sector across the pit. The reward is two-fold: 1) providing sectors of rock-mass controlled design in previously interpreted structurally controlled domains and 2) the opportunity to optimize the slope angle for mineral recovery and reduced strip ratio. Furthermore, a resulting high confidence model with structures and geometries that can account for historic slope instabilities in structurally controlled domains where design assumptions failed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20geology" title="structural geology">structural geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotechnical%20design" title=" geotechnical design"> geotechnical design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title=" slope stability"> slope stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20mitigation" title=" risk mitigation"> risk mitigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186342/structural-analysis-and-modelling-in-an-evolving-iron-ore-operation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10039</span> Structural Vulnerability of Banking Network – Systemic Risk Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Reyazat">Farhad Reyazat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Werner"> Richard Werner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper contributes to the existent literature by developing a framework that explains how to monitor potential threats to banking sector stability. The study explores structural vulnerabilities at the country level, but also look at bilateral exposures within a network context. The study contributes in analysing of the European banking systemic risk at aggregated level, which integrates the characteristics of bank size, and interconnectedness relative to the size of the economy which ultimate risk belong to, taking to account the concentration ratio of the banking industry within the whole economy. The nature of the systemic risk depends on the interplay of the network topology with the nature of financial transactions over the network, assets and buffer stemming from bank size, correlations, and the nature of the shocks to the financial system. The study’s results illustrate the contribution of banks’ size, size of economy and concentration of counterparty exposures to a given country’s banks in explaining its systemic importance, how much the banking network depends on a few traditional hubs activities and the changes of this dependencies over the last 9 years. The role of few of traditional hubs such as Swiss banks and British Banks and also Irish banks- where the financial sector is fairly new and grew strongly between 1990s till 2008- take the fourth position on 2014 reducing the relative size since 2006 where they had the first position. In-degree concentration index analysis in the study shows concentration index of banking network was not changed since financial crisis 2007-8. In-degree concentration index on first quarter of 2014 indicates that US, UK and Germany together, getting over 70% of the network exposures. The result of comparing the in-degree concentration index with 2007-4Q, shows the same group having over 70% of the network exposure, however the UK getting more important role in the hub and the market share of US and Germany are slightly diminished. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20risk" title="systemic risk">systemic risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterparty%20risk" title=" counterparty risk"> counterparty risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20stability" title=" financial stability"> financial stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interconnectedness" title=" interconnectedness"> interconnectedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banking%20concentration" title=" banking concentration"> banking concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=european%20banks%20risk" title=" european banks risk"> european banks risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20effect%20on%20systemic%20risk" title=" network effect on systemic risk"> network effect on systemic risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration%20risk" title=" concentration risk "> concentration risk </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20649/structural-vulnerability-of-banking-network-systemic-risk-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">490</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10038</span> UEMSD Risk Identification: Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Sekulov%C3%A1">K. Sekulová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20%C5%A0imon"> M. Šimon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article demonstrates on a case study how it is possible to identify MSD risk. It is based on a dissertation risk identification model of occupational diseases formation in relation to the work activity that determines what risk can endanger workers who are exposed to the specific risk factors. It is evaluated based on statistical calculations. These risk factors are main cause of upper-extremities musculoskeletal disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper-extremity%20musculoskeletal%20disorders" title=" upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders"> upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomics" title=" ergonomics"> ergonomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20identification" title=" risk identification"> risk identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14518/uemsd-risk-identification-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">500</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10037</span> Numerical Modeling of Structural Failure of a Ship During the Collision Event</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adjal%20Yassine">Adjal Yassine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semmani%20Amar"> Semmani Amar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the last decades, The risk of collision has been increased, especially in high maritime traffic. As the consequence, the demand is required for safety at sea and environmental protection. For this purpose, the consequences prediction of ship collisions is recommended in order to minimize structural failure. additionally, at the design stage of the ship, damage generated during the collision event must be taken into consideration. This structural failure, in some cases, can develop into the progressive collapse of other structural elements and generate catastrophic consequences. The present study investigates the progressive collapse of ships damaged by collisions using the Non -linear finite element method. The failure criteria are taken into account. The impacted area has a refined mesh in order to have more reliable results. Finally, a parametric study was conducted in this study to highlight the effect of the ship's speed, as well as the different impacted areas of double-bottom ships. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collsion" title="collsion">collsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strucural%20failure" title=" strucural failure"> strucural failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ship" title=" ship"> ship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158407/numerical-modeling-of-structural-failure-of-a-ship-during-the-collision-event" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10036</span> Enterprise Risk Management: A Future Outlook</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruchi%20Agarwal">Ruchi Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jake%20Ansell"> Jake Ansell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Austerity impacts on all aspects of society. Companies into the future will have to be more capable of dealing with the risks they face. Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) has widely been accepted in recent years as an approach to manage risks within businesses. ERM attempts to tackle risk holistically with gains from opportunities in a managing risk and reduction in the risk of failure. The paper reviews merits and demerits of approaches to risk management in regard to antifragility. A qualitative study has investigated current practices and the problems with ERM implementation by interviewing over 25 chief risk officers and senior management. The findings indicate the gap in ERM description, understanding, and implementation. The paper suggests risk learning and expertise knowledge supports development of effective enterprise risk management by designing systems with inherent resilience. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title="risk management">risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interviews" title=" interviews"> interviews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifragility" title=" antifragility"> antifragility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure" title=" failure"> failure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11136/enterprise-risk-management-a-future-outlook" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads 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