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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-DOS_1.0" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DOS_1.0"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>DOS 1.0</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DOS_1.0-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DOS_2.0" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DOS_2.0"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>DOS 2.0</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DOS_2.0-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DOS_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DOS_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>DOS 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DOS_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DOS_2.5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DOS_2.5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>DOS 2.5</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DOS_2.5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DOS_4.0" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DOS_4.0"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>DOS 4.0</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DOS_4.0-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DOS_XE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DOS_XE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>DOS XE</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DOS_XE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third-party_DOS_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third-party_DOS_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Third-party DOS programs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Third-party_DOS_programs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Third-party DOS programs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Third-party_DOS_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-SmartDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SmartDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>SmartDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SmartDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OS/A+_and_DOS_XL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OS/A+_and_DOS_XL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>OS/A+ and DOS XL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OS/A+_and_DOS_XL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SuperDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SuperDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>SuperDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SuperDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Top-DOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Top-DOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Top-DOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Top-DOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turbo-DOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turbo-DOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Turbo-DOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turbo-DOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MyDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MyDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>MyDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MyDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-MyPicoDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MyPicoDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>MyPicoDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MyPicoDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SpartaDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SpartaDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>SpartaDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SpartaDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-SpartaDOS_X" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SpartaDOS_X"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7.1</span> <span>SpartaDOS X</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SpartaDOS_X-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-RealDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#RealDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7.2</span> <span>RealDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-RealDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BW-DOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BW-DOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>BW-DOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BW-DOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-XDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#XDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>XDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-XDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LiteDOS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LiteDOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>LiteDOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LiteDOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disk_formats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disk_formats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Disk formats</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Disk_formats-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Disk formats subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Disk_formats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Percom_standard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Percom_standard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Percom standard</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Percom_standard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-RAMCART" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#RAMCART"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>RAMCART</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-RAMCART-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IDE_Plus_2.0" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IDE_Plus_2.0"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>IDE Plus 2.0</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IDE_Plus_2.0-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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title="Atari DOS – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Atari DOS" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_DOS" title="Atari DOS – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Atari DOS" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%83%80%EB%A6%AC_%EB%8F%84%EC%8A%A4" title="아타리 도스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아타리 도스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_DOS" title="Atari DOS – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Atari DOS" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_QDOS" title="Atari QDOS – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Atari QDOS" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_DOS" title="Atari DOS – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Atari DOS" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_DOS" title="Atari DOS – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Atari DOS" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=RealDOS&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="RealDOS">RealDOS</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the operating system of the Atari 8-bit computers. For the Atari ST's operating system, see <a href="/wiki/Atari_TOS" title="Atari TOS">Atari TOS</a>. For the MS-DOS compatible operating system of the Atari Portfolio, see <a href="/wiki/DIP_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="DIP DOS">DIP DOS</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"MyDOS" redirects here. For the similarly pronounced Microsoft operating system, see <a href="/wiki/MIDAS_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="MIDAS (operating system)">MIDAS</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"RealDOS" redirects here. For the similarly named successor to Multiuser DOS, see <a href="/wiki/IMS_REAL/32" class="mw-redirect" title="IMS REAL/32">IMS REAL/32</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Turbo-DOS" redirects here. For the CP/M-compatible operating system, see <a href="/wiki/Software_2000_TurboDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Software 2000 TurboDOS">Software 2000 TurboDOS</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Atari_DOS" title="Special:EditPage/Atari DOS">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Atari+DOS%22">"Atari DOS"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Atari+DOS%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Atari+DOS%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Atari+DOS%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Atari+DOS%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Atari+DOS%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Operating system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Atari DOS</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ataridos-2.5.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ca/Ataridos-2.5.PNG/300px-Ataridos-2.5.PNG" decoding="async" width="300" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/ca/Ataridos-2.5.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="243" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Atari DOS version 2.5, main menu</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Atari,_Inc." title="Atari, Inc.">Atari, Inc.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atari_Corporation" title="Atari Corporation">Atari Corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Discontinued</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Closed_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed source">Closed source</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">1979<span class="noprint">; 46 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1979</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">XE 1.0 / 1987<span class="noprint">; 38 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1987</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_language" title="Natural language">Available in</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers" title="Atari 8-bit computers">Atari 8-bit computers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">Default<br />user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Menu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a> <a href="/wiki/EULA" class="mw-redirect" title="EULA">EULA</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Atari DOS</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Disk_operating_system" title="Disk operating system">disk operating system</a> used with the <a href="/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers" title="Atari 8-bit computers">Atari 8-bit computers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a> extensions loaded into memory were required in order for an Atari computer to manage files stored on a <a href="/wiki/Disk_storage" title="Disk storage">disk drive</a>. These extensions to the operating system added the disk handler and other file management features. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="FMS"></span>The most important extension is the disk handler. In Atari DOS 2.0, this was the <b>File Management System</b> (<b>FMS</b>), an implementation of a <a href="/wiki/File_system" title="File system">file system</a> loaded from a <a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppy disk</a>. This meant at least an additional <span class="nowrap">32 KB</span> <a href="/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory">RAM</a> was needed to run with DOS loaded. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were several versions of Atari DOS available, with the first version released in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atari was using a <a href="/wiki/Cross_assembler" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross assembler">cross assembler</a> with <a href="/wiki/Data_General_AOS" title="Data General AOS">Data General AOS</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOS_1.0"><span class="anchor" id="1"></span>DOS 1.0</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: DOS 1.0"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the first version of DOS from <a href="/wiki/Atari" title="Atari">Atari</a>, all commands were only accessible from the menu. It was bundled with the <a href="/wiki/Atari_810" title="Atari 810">Atari 810</a> disk drives. This version was entirely memory resident, which made it fast but occupied memory space. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOS_2.0"><span class="anchor" id="2.0S"></span><span class="anchor" id="2.0D"></span>DOS 2.0</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: DOS 2.0"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Also known as <i>DISK OPERATING SYSTEM II VERSION 2.0S</i></dd></dl> <p>The second, more popular version of DOS from Atari was bundled with the 810 disk drives and some early <a href="/wiki/Atari_1050" title="Atari 1050">Atari 1050</a> disk drives. It is considered to be the <a href="/wiki/Lowest_common_denominator" title="Lowest common denominator">lowest common denominator</a> for Atari DOSes, as any Atari-compatible disk drive can read a disk formatted with <i>DOS 2.0S</i>. </p><p><i>DOS 2.0S</i> consisted of <code>DOS.SYS</code> and <code>DUP.SYS</code>. <code>DOS.SYS</code> was loaded into memory, while <code>DUP.SYS</code> contained the disk utilities and was loaded only when the user exited to DOS. </p><p>In addition to bug fixes, <i>DOS 2.0S</i> featured improved <code>NOTE/POINT</code> support and the ability to automatically run an Atari <a href="/wiki/Executable" title="Executable">executable</a> file named <code>AUTORUN.SYS</code>. Since user memory was erased when <code>DUP.SYS</code> was loaded, an option to create a <code>MEM.SAV</code> file was added. This stored user memory in a temporary file (<code>MEM.SAV</code>) and restored it after <code>DUP.SYS</code> was unloaded. The previous menu option from <i>DOS 1.0</i>, <code>N. DEFINE DEVICE</code>, was replaced with <code>N. CREATE MEM.SAV</code> in <i>DOS 2.0S</i>. </p><p>Version <i>2.0S</i> was for <a href="#Disk_formats">single-density</a> disks, <i>2.0D</i> was for <a href="#Disk_formats">double-density</a> disks. 2.0D shipped with the <i><a href="/wiki/Atari_815" class="mw-redirect" title="Atari 815">815</a></i> Dual Disk Drive, which was both expensive and incompatible with the standard 810, and thus sold only a small number; making DOS version <i>2.0D</i> rare and unusual. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOS_3"><span class="anchor" id="3"></span>DOS 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: DOS 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atari_Master_Diskette_3_DOS_3_Floppy_Disk_in_Sleeve.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Atari_Master_Diskette_3_DOS_3_Floppy_Disk_in_Sleeve.jpg/220px-Atari_Master_Diskette_3_DOS_3_Floppy_Disk_in_Sleeve.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Atari_Master_Diskette_3_DOS_3_Floppy_Disk_in_Sleeve.jpg/330px-Atari_Master_Diskette_3_DOS_3_Floppy_Disk_in_Sleeve.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Atari_Master_Diskette_3_DOS_3_Floppy_Disk_in_Sleeve.jpg/440px-Atari_Master_Diskette_3_DOS_3_Floppy_Disk_in_Sleeve.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3707" data-file-height="3462" /></a><figcaption>DOS 3 diskette as supplied with a 1050 disk drive</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1050 was the first drive from Atari to offer higher recording density. For reasons unknown, they did not take advantage of the 180 kB "double density" mode the hardware in the 1050 was capable of using, and instead introduced a new "Dual Density" mode. To avoid confusion, Atari users soon began referring to this as <a href="#Disk_formats">Enhanced Density</a> to differentiate it from real double density systems. </p><p>Initially, this increased density mode was not able to be used as Atari shipped the drives with 2.0, which only supported the original 90 kB mode. This was addressed not long after with the release of DOS 3.0. When formatted with DOS 3.0, the disk held 40 tracks of 26 sectors, up from 18 on DOS 2.0. Each sector holds 128 bytes, for a total of 133,120 bytes of storage, up from DOS 2.0's 92,160. </p><p>In DOS 2.0, a 10-bit number was used to store sector numbers in the directory. This limited disks to a maximum of 1024 sectors. The new format had 1040 sectors, so 2.0 would not be able to use all of its capability. To address this, and to offer the possibility of working with even larger formats in the future, DOS 3.0 grouped sectors together in groups of eight, known as a <a href="/wiki/Block_(data_storage)" title="Block (data storage)">block</a>, each holding 1,024 bytes. The number in the directory was reduced to 8-bits, meaning it could address up 256 kB on a single disk. The boot information and directory used three blocks, leaving 130 kB free for user storage on the 1050.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198223_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198223-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unfortunately, the new directory format made the disks unreadable on DOS 2.0. The DOS 3.0 Master Diskette included a small utility program to copy a 2.0 disk to 3.0, but not one to copy it back. A separate utility allowed disks to be formatted in 2.0 format if compatibility was needed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198225_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198225-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of this decision, DOS 3 was extremely unpopular and did not gain widespread acceptance amongst the Atari user community. </p><p>DOS 3 provided built-in help via the Atari HELP key and/or the inverse key. Help files needed to be present on the system DOS disk to function properly. DOS 3 also used special XIO commands to control disc operations within BASIC programs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOS_2.5"><span class="anchor" id="2.5"></span>DOS 2.5</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: DOS 2.5"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Also known as <i>DISK OPERATING SYSTEM II VERSION 2.5</i></dd></dl> <p>Version 2.5 is an upgrade to 3.0.<sup id="cite_ref-chadwick1985_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chadwick1985-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After listening to complaints by their customers, Atari released an improved version of their previous DOS. This allowed the use of Enhanced Density disks, and there was a utility to read DOS 3 disks. An additional option was added to the menu (<code>P. FORMAT SINGLE</code>) to format single-density disks. DOS 2.5 was shipped with <i>1050</i> disk drives and some early <i><a href="/wiki/Atari_XF551" title="Atari XF551">XF551</a></i> disk-drives. </p><p>Included utilities were <code>DISKFIX.COM</code>, <code>COPY32.COM</code>, <code>SETUP.COM</code> and <code>RAMDISK.COM</code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOS_4.0"><span class="anchor" id="QDOS"></span>DOS 4.0</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: DOS 4.0"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Codename during production: <i>QDOS</i></dd></dl> <p>DOS 4.0 was designed for the <a href="/wiki/Atari_1450XLD" class="mw-redirect" title="Atari 1450XLD">1450XLD</a>. It was designed to operate with larger disk formats, adding double density and double sided support while also supporting the older single and enhanced density formats from DOS 2 and 2.5. To support the newer modes, it returned to the blocks concept used in DOS 3.0 when used to format enhanced or double density disks, but this time using slightly smaller 6-sector format, which held 768 bytes in enhanced density and 1536 bytes in double density. </p><p>Like DOS 3, disks formatted in the new higher-density formats were not compatible with older drives and DOSes. It could read and write to those disks to retain compatibility. However, it could not determine the format of a disk automatically, and the user had to select the format of the disks from the DOS menu. </p><p>The 1450XLD was never released, and the rights for DOS 4 were returned to the author, Michael Barall, who placed it in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. It was published by <a href="/wiki/Antic_Software" title="Antic Software">Antic Software</a> in 1984, and is sometimes referred to as "Antic DOS" for this reason. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOS_XE"><span class="anchor" id="ADOS"></span><span class="anchor" id="XE"></span>DOS XE</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: DOS XE"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Codename during production: ADOS</dd></dl> <p>DOS XE supported the <a href="#Disk_formats">double-density</a> and double-sided capabilities of the <a href="/wiki/Atari_XF551" title="Atari XF551">Atari XF551</a> drive, as well as its burst I/O. DOS XE used a new disk format which was incompatible with DOS 2.0S and DOS 2.5, requiring a separate utility for reading older 2.0 files. It also required <a href="/wiki/Bank_switching" title="Bank switching">bank-switched</a> RAM, so it did not run on the 400/800 machines. It supported date-stamping of files and sub-directories. </p><p>DOS XE was the last DOS made by Atari for the Atari 8-bit computers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Third-party_DOS_programs">Third-party DOS programs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Third-party DOS programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many of these DOSes were released by manufacturers of third-party drives, anyone who made drive modifications, or anyone who was dissatisfied with the available DOSes. Often, these DOSes could read disks in higher densities, and could set the drive to read disks faster (using <i>Warp Speed</i> or <i>Ultra-Speed</i> techniques). Most of these DOSes (except SpartaDOS) were DOS 2.0 compatible. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SmartDOS">SmartDOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: SmartDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Menu driven DOS that was compatible with DOS 2.0. Among the first third-party DOS programs to support <a href="#Disk_formats">double-density</a> drives. </p><p>Many enhancements including sector copying and verifying, speed checking, turning on/off file verifying and drive reconfiguration. </p><p>Published by Rana Systems. Written by John Chenoweth and Ron Bieber, last version 8.2D. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OS/A+_and_DOS_XL"><span id="OS.2FA.2B_and_DOS_XL"></span>OS/A+ and DOS XL</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: OS/A+ and DOS XL"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DOS produced by <a href="/wiki/Optimized_Systems_Software" title="Optimized Systems Software">Optimized Systems Software</a>. Compatible with DOS 2.0 - Allowed the use of Double Density floppies. Unlike most ATARI DOSses, this used a <a href="/wiki/Command-line_interface" title="Command-line interface">command line</a> instead of a menu. <a href="/wiki/DOS_XL" title="DOS XL">DOS XL</a> provided a menu program in addition to the command line. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SuperDOS">SuperDOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: SuperDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This DOS could read SS/SD, SS/ED, SS/DD and DS/DD disks, and made use of all known methods of speeding up disk-reads supported by the various third-party drive manufacturers. </p><p>Published by Technical Support<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2016)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. Written by Paul Nicholls. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Top-DOS">Top-DOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Top-DOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Menu driven DOS with enhanced features. Sorts disk directory listings and can set display options. File directory can be <a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">compressed</a>. Can display deleted files and undelete them. Some advanced features required a proprietary TOP-DOS format. </p><p>Published by Eclipse Software. Written by R. K. Bennett. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turbo-DOS">Turbo-DOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Turbo-DOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This DOS supports Turbo 1050, Happy, Speedy, XF551 and US Doubler highspeed drives. XL/XE only. </p><p>Published by Martin Reitershan Computertechnik. Written by Herbert Barth and Frank Bruchhäuser. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MyDOS">MyDOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: MyDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This DOS adds the ability to use sub-directories, and supports hard-drives.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Published by Wordmark Systems, includes complete <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> under <a href="/wiki/Copyleft_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyleft license">copyleft license</a>, with an exception on distributing commercially only if it included in software or derived software made of it would cost less than $50.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is number of free addons and extensions for MyDOS created by users.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="MyPicoDOS">MyPicoDOS</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: MyPicoDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is a fork of MyDOS, intended to be used as game laucher.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SpartaDOS">SpartaDOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: SpartaDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This DOS used a command-line interface. Was not compatible with DOS 2.0, but could read DOS 2.0 disks. Supports <a href="/wiki/Subdirectories" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdirectories">subdirectories</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hard_drives" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drives">hard drives</a> being capable of handling filesystems sized up to 16 <a href="/wiki/Megabyte" title="Megabyte">MB</a>. Included the capability to create primitive batch files. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SpartaDOS_X">SpartaDOS X</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: SpartaDOS X"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SpartaDOS_X_prompt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SpartaDOS_X_prompt.png/350px-SpartaDOS_X_prompt.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SpartaDOS_X_prompt.png/525px-SpartaDOS_X_prompt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/SpartaDOS_X_prompt.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="405" /></a><figcaption>Screenshot of SpartaDOS X by FTE & DLT</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/SpartaDOS_X" title="SpartaDOS X">SpartaDOS X</a></div> <p>A more sophisticated version of <a href="/wiki/SpartaDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="SpartaDOS">SpartaDOS</a>, which strongly resembles MS-DOS in its look and feel. It was shipped on a 64 KB <a href="/wiki/ROM_cartridge" title="ROM cartridge">ROM cartridge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="RealDOS">RealDOS</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: RealDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A SpartaDOS compatible DOS (in fact, a renamed version of SpartaDOS 3.x, for legal reasons). </p><p><i>RealDOS</i> is <a href="/wiki/Shareware" title="Shareware">shareware</a> by Stephen J. Carden and Ken Ames. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BW-DOS">BW-DOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: BW-DOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bwdos.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bwdos.png/350px-Bwdos.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Bwdos.png 1.5x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption>Screenshot of BW-DOS by Jiří Bernasek</figcaption></figure> <p>A SpartaDOS compatible DOS, the last version 1.30 was released in December 1995. It has a much lower <a href="/wiki/Memory_footprint" title="Memory footprint">memory footprint</a> compared to the original SpartaDOS and does not use the RAM under the <a href="/wiki/Read_only_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Read only memory">ROM</a> of XL/XE machines, allowing it to be used on the older <a href="/wiki/Atari_400" class="mw-redirect" title="Atari 400">Atari 400</a>/<a href="/wiki/Atari_800" class="mw-redirect" title="Atari 800">800</a> models. </p><p>BW-DOS is <a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">freeware</a> by Jiří Bernasek. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="XDOS">XDOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: XDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>XDOS is freeware by Stefan Dorndorf. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LiteDOS">LiteDOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: LiteDOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minimalistic DOS for Atari, supporting files formats of various other DOS software, such as files of Atari DOS and MyDOS.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disk_formats">Disk formats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Disk formats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of different formats existed for Atari disks.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atari DOS 2.0S, single-sided, single-density disk had 720 sectors divided into 40 <a href="/wiki/Track_(disk_drive)" title="Track (disk drive)">tracks</a>. After <a href="/wiki/Disk_formatting" title="Disk formatting">formatting</a>, 707 sectors were free. Each 128-byte sector used the last 3 bytes for <a href="/wiki/Housekeeping_(computing)" title="Housekeeping (computing)">housekeeping</a> data (bytes used, file number, next sector), leaving 125 bytes for data. This meant each disk held 707 × 125 = 88,375 bytes of user data. </p><p>The single-density disk holding a mere 88 KB <a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">per side</a> remained the most popular Atari 8-bit disk format throughout the series' lifetime, and almost all commercial software continued to be sold in that format (or variants of it modified for <a href="/wiki/Copy_protection" title="Copy protection">copy protection</a>), since it was compatible with all Atari-made disk drives. </p> <ul><li><i>Single-Sided, Single-Density</i>: 40 tracks with 18 sectors per track, 128 bytes per sector. 720 sectors, 90 KB capacity.</li> <li><i>Single-Sided, Enhanced-Density</i>: 40 tracks with 26 sectors per track, 128 bytes per sector. 1040 sectors, 130 KB capacity. Readable by the 1050 and the XF551.</li> <li><i>Single-Sided, Double-Density</i>: 40 tracks with 18 sectors per track, 256 bytes per sector. 720 sectors, 180 KB capacity. Readable by the XF551, the 815, or modified/upgraded 1050.</li> <li><i>Double-Sided, Double-Density</i>: 80 tracks (40 tracks per side) with 18 sectors per track, 256 bytes per sector. 1440 sectors (720 sectors per side), 360 KB capacity. Readable by the XF551 only.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Percom_standard">Percom standard</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Percom standard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1978, <a href="/wiki/Percom" title="Percom">Percom</a> established a double-density layout standard which all other manufacturers of Atari-compatible disk drives such as <a href="/wiki/Indus_GT" title="Indus GT">Indus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amdek" title="Amdek">Amdek</a>, and Rana —except Atari itself— followed. A configuration block of 12 bytes defines the disk layout.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wilkinson198510_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wilkinson198510-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="RAMCART">RAMCART</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: RAMCART"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is ramdisk for Atari XL, compatible with many DOS software.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IDE_Plus_2.0">IDE Plus 2.0</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: IDE Plus 2.0"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is a utility to work with Atari disks and diskettes, based on MyDOS and SpartaDOS.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oshistory.net/metadot/index.pl?id=2583;isa=Category;op=show">Atari</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090221201218/http://www.oshistory.net/metadot/index.pl?id=2583%3Bisa%3DCategory%3Bop%3Dshow">Archived</a> February 21, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198223-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198223_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilkinson1982">Wilkinson 1982</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198225-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson198225_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilkinson1982">Wilkinson 1982</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chadwick1985-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chadwick1985_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output 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ATR format, side A for MyDOS, side B for SpartaDOS (updated 19 I 2011).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=drac030.krap.pl&rft.atitle=%3A%3A+drac030.atari8.info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdrac030.krap.pl%2Fen-kmkjz-pliki.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtari+DOS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReichl2024" class="citation cs2">Reichl, Matthias (2024-03-27), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/HiassofT/MyPicoDOS"><i>HiassofT/MyPicoDOS</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-14</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=HiassofT%2FMyPicoDOS&rft.date=2024-03-27&rft.aulast=Reichl&rft.aufirst=Matthias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FHiassofT%2FMyPicoDOS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtari+DOS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mr-atari.com/Mr.Atari/LiteDOS/">"LiteDOS (c) Mr.Atari"</a>. <i>www.mr-atari.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mr-atari.com&rft.atitle=LiteDOS+%28c%29+Mr.Atari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mr-atari.com%2FMr.Atari%2FLiteDOS%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtari+DOS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wilkinson198510-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wilkinson198510_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson,_Bill1985" class="citation news cs1">Wilkinson, Bill (October 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/1985-10-compute-magazine/Compute_Issue_065_1985_Oct#page/n111/mode/2up">"Atari Disk Drive Compatibility"</a>. <i>Compute!</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">110–</span>111<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Compute%21&rft.atitle=Atari+Disk+Drive+Compatibility&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E110-%3C%2Fspan%3E111&rft.date=1985-10&rft.au=Wilkinson%2C+Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2F1985-10-compute-magazine%2FCompute_Issue_065_1985_Oct%23page%2Fn111%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtari+DOS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKay_Savetz2020" class="citation cs2">Kay Savetz (2020-08-16), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/charles-marslett"><i>Charles Marslett, MYDOS and FastChip — interview</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-14</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+Marslett%2C+MYDOS+and+FastChip+%E2%80%94+interview&rft.date=2020-08-16&rft.au=Kay+Savetz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcharles-marslett&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtari+DOS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanz2024" class="citation cs2">Janz, Holger (2024-05-27), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/HolgerJanz/RAMCART"><i>HolgerJanz/RAMCART</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-14</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=HolgerJanz%2FRAMCART&rft.date=2024-05-27&rft.aulast=Janz&rft.aufirst=Holger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FHolgerJanz%2FRAMCART&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtari+DOS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson1982" class="citation cs2">Wilkinson, Bill (1982), <i>Inside Atari DOS</i>, Compute! Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-942386-02-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-942386-02-8"><bdi>978-0-942386-02-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Atari+DOS&rft.pub=Compute%21+Books&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-942386-02-8&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAtari+DOS" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atariarchives.org/iad/">Online version</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atariarchives.org/mapping/">Mapping the Atari, Revised Edition</a> by Ian Chadwick</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atari_DOS&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myoldcomputers.com/museum/man/ataridos3refmanual.htm">Atari DOS Reference Manual</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110515101705/http://www.myoldcomputers.com/museum/man/ataridos3refmanual.htm">Archived</a> 2011-05-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> — Reference manual for DOS 3.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atarimagazines.com/v4n3/AboutDOS.html">Antic Vol.4 No.3</a> Everything You Wanted To Know About Every DOS</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316061232/http://atariwiki.strotmann.de/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=Atari%20DOS%204">Atari Dos 4 (aka ANTIC Dos aka QDOS)</a> Documentation on Atari DOS 4</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wordmark.org/mydos.html">MyDOS Source Code</a> from Wordmark Systems.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Disk_operating_systems_(DOS)372" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Disk operating systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Disk_operating_systems_(DOS)372" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Disk_operating_system" title="Disk operating system">Disk operating systems</a> (DOS)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS,<br />compatible systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*API_*Timeline_*Comparison_*Commands_*Games189"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DOS_API" title="DOS API">API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_DOS_operating_systems" title="Timeline of DOS operating systems">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_DOS_operating_systems" title="Comparison of DOS operating systems">Comparison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_DOS_commands" title="List of DOS commands">Commands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_DOS_games" title="Index of DOS games">Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MS-DOS_4.0_(multitasking)" title="MS-DOS 4.0 (multitasking)">Multitasking MS-DOS 4.0/4.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS-DOS_7" title="MS-DOS 7">MS-DOS 7</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_PC_DOS" title="IBM PC DOS">IBM PC DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS/V" title="DOS/V">DOS/V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DR-DOS" title="DR-DOS">DR-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="H-DOS">H-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novell_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell DOS">Novell DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROM-DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="ROM-DOS">ROM-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SISNE_plus" title="SISNE plus">SISNE plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTS-DOS" title="PTS-DOS">PTS-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeDOS" title="FreeDOS">FreeDOS</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_4680_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM 4680 OS">4680 OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4690_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="4690 OS">4690 OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86-DOS" title="86-DOS">86-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADOS_(Russian_operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="ADOS (Russian operating system)">ADOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_CP/M-86" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent CP/M-86">Concurrent CP/M-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent DOS">Concurrent DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP/M-86" title="CP/M-86">CP/M-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP/K" class="mw-redirect" title="CP/K">CP/K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datapac_System_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Datapac System Manager">Datapac System Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS_Plus" title="DOS Plus">DOS Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K8918-OS" class="mw-redirect" title="K8918-OS">K8918-OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FlexOS" title="FlexOS">FlexOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP/M-86" class="mw-redirect" title="MP/M-86">MP/M-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiuser_DOS" title="Multiuser DOS">Multiuser DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetWare_PalmDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="NetWare PalmDOS">NetWare PalmDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novell_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell DOS">Novell DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenDOS">OpenDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC-MOS/386" title="PC-MOS/386">PC-MOS/386</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REAL/32" class="mw-redirect" title="REAL/32">REAL/32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB-86" class="mw-redirect" title="SB-86">SB-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCP1700" class="mw-redirect" title="SCP1700">SCP1700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Towns_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Towns OS">Towns OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TurboDOS" title="TurboDOS">TurboDOS</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other platforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmigaDOS" title="AmigaDOS">AmigaDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMSDOS" title="AMSDOS">AMSDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANDOS" title="ANDOS">ANDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_DOS" title="Apple DOS">Apple DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_ProDOS" title="Apple ProDOS">Apple ProDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_SOS" title="Apple SOS">Apple SOS</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Atari DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_TOS" title="Atari TOS">Atari TOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BW-DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="BW-DOS">BW-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_DOS" title="Commodore DOS">Commodore DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_DOS_68K" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent DOS 68K">Concurrent DOS 68K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_DOS_V60" class="mw-redirect" title="Concurrent DOS V60">Concurrent DOS V60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP/M" title="CP/M">CP/M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromemco_DOS" title="Cromemco DOS">Cromemco DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSI-DOS" title="CSI-DOS">CSI-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_BATCH-11/DOS-11" title="DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11">DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIP_DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="DIP DOS">DIP DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS/360" class="mw-redirect" title="DOS/360">DOS/360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOS_XL" title="DOS XL">DOS XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edos" title="Edos">Edos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EOS_(8-bit_operating_system)" title="EOS (8-bit operating system)">EOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FLEX_(operating_system)" title="FLEX (operating system)">FLEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GEMDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="GEMDOS">GEMDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDEDOS" title="IDEDOS">IDEDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMDOS" title="IMDOS">IMDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IS-DOS" title="IS-DOS">iS-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISIS_(operating_system)" title="ISIS (operating system)">ISIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myarc_Disk_Operating_System" title="Myarc Disk Operating System">MDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RCA_MicroDOS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RCA MicroDOS (page does not exist)">MicroDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP/M" title="MP/M">MP/M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSX-DOS" title="MSX-DOS">MSX-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MyDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="MyDOS">MyDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NewDos/80" title="NewDos/80">NewDos/80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/M" class="mw-redirect" title="OS/M">OS/M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTDOS" title="PTDOS">PTDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="RealDOS">RealDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB-80" class="mw-redirect" title="SB-80">SB-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_User_Control_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Single User Control Program">SCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_QDOS" title="Sinclair QDOS">Sinclair QDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_General_RDOS" title="Data General RDOS">RDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SmartDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="SmartDOS">SmartDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpartaDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="SpartaDOS">SpartaDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpartaDOS_X" title="SpartaDOS X">SpartaDOS X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_Support_SuperDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical Support SuperDOS">Technical Support SuperDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top-DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Top-DOS">Top-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-DOS" title="TR-DOS">TR-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRSDOS" title="TRSDOS">TRSDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TurboDOS" title="TurboDOS">TurboDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UDOS" class="mw-redirect" title="UDOS">UDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z-DOS" title="Z-DOS">Z-DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z80-RIO" title="Z80-RIO">Z80-RIO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Disk_operating_systems" title="Category:Disk operating systems">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_disk_operating_systems_called_DOS" title="List of disk operating systems called DOS">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Atari216" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Atari" title="Template:Atari"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Atari" title="Template talk:Atari"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Atari" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Atari"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Atari216" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Atari" title="Atari">Atari</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Corporations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari,_Inc." title="Atari, Inc.">Atari, Inc.</a> (1972–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Corporation" title="Atari Corporation">Atari Corporation</a> (1984–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_SA" title="Atari SA">Atari SA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries and<br />spin-offs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Games" title="Atari Games">Atari Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Interactive" title="Atari Interactive">Atari Interactive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AtariAge" title="AtariAge">AtariAge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_E._Cheese" title="Chuck E. Cheese">Chuck E. Cheese</a> (1977–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyan_Engineering" title="Cyan Engineering">Cyan Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Eclipse" title="Digital Eclipse">Digital Eclipse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kee_Games" title="Kee Games">Kee Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MobyGames" title="MobyGames">MobyGames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightdive_Studios" title="Nightdive Studios">Nightdive Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengen_(company)" title="Tengen (company)">Tengen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:AtariFuji.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/AtariFuji.svg/90px-AtariFuji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/AtariFuji.svg/135px-AtariFuji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/AtariFuji.svg/180px-AtariFuji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="412" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atari,_Inc._games_(1972%E2%80%931984)" title="List of Atari, Inc. games (1972–1984)">Arcades games<br />and amusements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anti-Aircraft_(video_game)" title="Anti-Aircraft (video game)">Anti-Aircraft</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asteroids_(video_game)" title="Asteroids (video game)">Asteroids</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asteroids_Deluxe" title="Asteroids Deluxe">Asteroids Deluxe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Basketball_(1979_video_game)" title="Basketball (1979 video game)">Atari Basketball</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Football_(1978_video_game)#Arcade_version" title="Football (1978 video game)">Atari Football</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avalanche_(video_game)" title="Avalanche (video game)">Avalanche</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battlezone_(1980_video_game)" title="Battlezone (1980 video game)">Battlezone</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Widow_(video_game)" title="Black Widow (video game)">Black Widow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breakout_(video_game)" title="Breakout (video game)">Breakout</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Canyon_Bomber" title="Canyon Bomber">Canyon Bomber</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Centipede_(video_game)" title="Centipede (video game)">Centipede</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cloak_%26_Dagger_(video_game)" title="Cloak & Dagger (video game)">Cloak & Dagger</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crash_%27N_Score" title="Crash 'N Score">Crash 'N Score</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Castles_(video_game)" title="Crystal Castles (video game)">Crystal Castles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_(arcade_game)" title="Destroyer (arcade game)">Destroyer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dominos_(video_game)" title="Dominos (video game)">Dominos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fire_Truck_(video_game)" title="Fire Truck (video game)">Fire Truck</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Firefox_(video_game)" title="Firefox (video game)">Firefox</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Food_Fight_(video_game)" title="Food Fight (video game)">Food Fight</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gotcha_(video_game)" title="Gotcha (video game)">Gotcha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Trak_10" title="Gran Trak 10">Gran Trak 10</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gran_Trak_10" title="Gran Trak 10">Gran Trak 20</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gravitar" title="Gravitar">Gravitar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hi-way" title="Hi-way">Hi-way</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I,_Robot_(video_game)" title="I, Robot (video game)">I, Robot</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Indy_4_(video_game)" title="Indy 4 (video game)">Indy 4</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Indy_800" title="Indy 800">Indy 800</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jet_Fighter_(video_game)" title="Jet Fighter (video game)">Jet Fighter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/LeMans_(arcade_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="LeMans (arcade game)">LeMans</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liberator_(video_game)" title="Liberator (video game)">Liberator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Lander_(1979_video_game)" title="Lunar Lander (1979 video game)">Lunar Lander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Major_Havoc" title="Major Havoc">Major Havoc</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Millipede_(video_game)" title="Millipede (video game)">Millipede</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missile_Command" title="Missile Command">Missile Command</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_Driver_(video_game)" title="Night Driver (video game)">Night Driver</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_(video_game)" title="Outlaw (video game)">Outlaw</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pong#Sequels_and_remakes" title="Pong">Pin-Pong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pong" title="Pong">Pong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pong#Sequels_and_remakes" title="Pong">Pong Doubles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pursuit_(video_game)" title="Pursuit (video game)">Pursuit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elimination_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elimination (video game)">Quadrapong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quantum_(video_game)" title="Quantum (video game)">Quantum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quiz_Show_(video_game)" title="Quiz Show (video game)">Quiz Show</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qwak!" title="Qwak!">Qwak!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rebound_(video_game)" title="Rebound (video game)">Rebound</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Baron_(1980_video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Baron (1980 video game)">Red Baron</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_Return_of_the_Jedi_(video_game)" title="Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (video game)">Return of the Jedi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shark_Jaws" title="Shark Jaws">Shark Jaws</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sky_Diver" title="Sky Diver">Sky Diver</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Duel" title="Space Duel">Space Duel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Race_(video_game)" title="Space Race (video game)">Space Race</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sprint_2#Legacy" title="Sprint 2">Sprint 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sprint_2" title="Sprint 2">Sprint 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sprint_2#Legacy" title="Sprint 2">Sprint 4</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sprint_2#Legacy" title="Sprint 2">Sprint 8</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(1983_video_game)" title="Star Wars (1983 video game)">Star Wars</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Starship_1" title="Starship 1">Starship 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Steeplechase_(video_game)" title="Steeplechase (video game)">Steeplechase</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stunt_Cycle" title="Stunt Cycle">Stunt Cycle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Super_Breakout" title="Super Breakout">Super Breakout</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Super_Bug_(video_game)" title="Super Bug (video game)">Super Bug</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Super_Pong" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Pong">Super Pong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tank_(video_game)" title="Tank (video game)">Tank</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tank_(video_game)#Legacy" title="Tank (video game)">Tank 8</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tempest_(video_game)" title="Tempest (video game)">Tempest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tournament_Table" title="Tournament Table">Tournament Table</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triple_Hunt" title="Triple Hunt">Triple Hunt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tank_(video_game)#Legacy" title="Tank (video game)">Ultra Tank</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Video_Pinball_series#Arcade" title="Video Pinball series">Video Pinball</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Warlords_(1980_video_game)" title="Warlords (1980 video game)">Warlords</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prototypes10" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prototypes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tank_(video_game)#Legacy" title="Tank (video game)">Tank II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atari_Program_Exchange#Catalogs" title="Atari Program Exchange">Software and utilities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Atari_BASIC" title="Atari BASIC">Atari BASIC</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atari_Calculator" title="Atari Calculator">Atari Calculator</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Atari DOS</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video game<br />consoles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pong#Home_version" title="Pong">Home Pong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stunt_Cycle#Home_versions" title="Stunt Cycle">Stunt Cycle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Video_Music" title="Atari Video Music">Atari Video Music</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Video_Pinball_series" title="Video Pinball series">Video Pinball</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_2600" title="Atari 2600">2600</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_2600#Atari_2800" title="Atari 2600">2800</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_5200" title="Atari 5200">5200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_7800" title="Atari 7800">7800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_XEGS" title="Atari XEGS">XEGS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Lynx" title="Atari Lynx">Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Jaguar" title="Atari Jaguar">Jaguar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Jaguar_CD" title="Atari Jaguar CD">CD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_VCS_(2021_console)" title="Atari VCS (2021 console)">VCS (2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_2600%2B" title="Atari 2600+">2600+</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prototypes10" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prototypes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Game_Brain" title="Atari Game Brain">Game Brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Cosmos" title="Atari Cosmos">Cosmos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_2700" title="Atari 2700">2700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Mindlink" title="Atari Mindlink">Atari Mindlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Panther" title="Atari Panther">Panther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Sierra" title="Atari Sierra">Sierra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal<br />computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers" title="Atari 8-bit computers">Atari 8-bit computers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_ST" title="Atari ST">Atari ST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_MEGA_STE" title="Atari MEGA STE">MEGA STE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_TT030" title="Atari TT030">TT030</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Transputer_Workstation" title="Atari Transputer Workstation">Transputer Workstation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Falcon" title="Atari Falcon">Falcon</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portables</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_STacy" title="Atari STacy">STacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ST_Book" title="ST Book">ST Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Portfolio" title="Atari Portfolio">Portfolio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prototypes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Sierra" title="Atari Sierra">Sierra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peripherals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Printers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_825" class="mw-redirect" title="Atari 825">825 80-Column Printer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_1020" title="Atari 1020">1020 Color Printer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gaming devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_CX40_joystick" title="Atari CX40 joystick">CX40 joystick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_joystick_port" title="Atari joystick port">Atari joystick port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_XG-1_light_gun" title="Atari XG-1 light gun">XG-1 light gun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Flashback" title="Atari Flashback">Atari Flashback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellivision" title="Intellivision">Intellivision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Democrat" title="Atari Democrat">Atari Democrat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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