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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Werking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Werking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Werking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Werking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inleiding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inleiding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Inleiding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inleiding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hormone_van_die_hipofise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hormone_van_die_hipofise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hormone van die hipofise</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hormone_van_die_hipofise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skildklierhormone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skildklierhormone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Skildklierhormone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skildklierhormone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paratiroïedhormone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paratiroïedhormone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Paratiroïedhormone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paratiroïedhormone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bynierhormone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bynierhormone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bynierhormone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bynierhormone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geslagshormone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geslagshormone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Geslagshormone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geslagshormone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pankreashormone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pankreashormone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Pankreashormone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pankreashormone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meganisme_van_hormoonwerking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meganisme_van_hormoonwerking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Meganisme van hormoonwerking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meganisme_van_hormoonwerking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Insekhormone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Insekhormone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Insekhormone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Insekhormone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planthormone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planthormone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Planthormone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planthormone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bronne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hormoon</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 128 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-128" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">128 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%8B%B5%E1%8C%88%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%A5%E1%88%AD" title="እድገንጥር – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="እድገንጥር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="هرمون – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هرمون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="هورمون – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="هورمون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="هرمون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هرمون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AE%27%E0%A6%A8" title="হৰম'ন – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হৰম'ন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonlar" title="Hormonlar – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hormonlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="هورمون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هورمون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гормондар – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гормондар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormons" title="Hormons – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Hormons" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Гармоны – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гармоны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Гармоны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гармоны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Хормон – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хормон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8" title="হরমোন – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হরমোন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%86%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%86%D9%86" title="ھۆرمۆن – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھۆرمۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Гормонсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гормонсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Ορμόνη – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ορμόνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormono" title="Hormono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hormono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoonid" title="Hormoonid – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hormoonid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="هورمون – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هورمون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoni" title="Hormoni – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hormoni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoon" title="Hormoon – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hormoon" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horm%C3%B3n" title="Hormón – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hormón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajyguery" title="Tajyguery – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tajyguery" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B2-li-m%C3%B9ng" title="Hò-li-mùng – Hakka-Sjinees" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hò-li-mùng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F" title="הורמון – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הורמון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="हार्मोन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हार्मोन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoni" title="Hormoni – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hormoni" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92m%C3%B2n" title="Òmòn – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Òmòn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հորմոններ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հորմոններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80_(%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80)" title="Ներազդակներ (Հորմոններ) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ներազդակներ (Հորմոններ)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormono" title="Hormono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hormono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horm%C3%B3n" title="Hormón – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hormón" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ormone" title="Ormone – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ormone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3" title="ホルモン – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホルモン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ჰორმონები – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰორმონები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gormonlar" title="Gormonlar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gormonlar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гормондар – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гормондар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಾರ್ಮೋನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಾರ್ಮೋನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%AA%AC" title="호르몬 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="호르몬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="ہارمون – Kasjmirs" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ہارمون" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmirs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гормон – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гормон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urmun" title="Urmun – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Urmun" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99" title="ຮອກມົນ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຮອກມົນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonas" title="Hormonas – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hormonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoni" title="Hormoni – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hormoni" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Хормон – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хормон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="അന്തർഗ്രന്ഥിസ്രാവം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അന്തർഗ്രന്ഥിസ്രാവം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95" title="संप्रेरक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="संप्रेरक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ormon" title="Ormon – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ormon" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဟော်မုန်း – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟော်မုန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoon" title="Hormoon – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hormoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="हर्मोन – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हर्मोन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="हर्मोन – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हर्मोन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoon" title="Hormoon – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hormoon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ormona" title="Ormona – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ormona" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoonii" title="Hormoonii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Hormoonii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8" title="ਹਾਰਮੋਨ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਾਰਮੋਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormony_zwierz%C4%99ce" title="Hormony zwierzęce – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hormony zwierzęce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="ہارمون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہارمون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="هورمون – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هورمون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Гормоны – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гормоны" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гормон – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гормон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ – Santalies" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urmoni" title="Urmoni – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Urmoni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="هارمون – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هارمون" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoni" title="Hormoni – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hormoni" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hormone" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horm%C3%B3n" title="Hormón – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hormón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chidenhi" title="Chidenhi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chidenhi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonet" title="Hormonet – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hormonet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Хормон – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хормон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoni" title="Homoni – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Homoni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="இயக்குநீர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இயக்குநீர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="హార్మోన్ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హార్మోన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ҳормон – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳормон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99" title="ฮอร์โมน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮอร์โมน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormona" title="Hormona – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hormona" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гормоннар – Tuvinees" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Гормоннар" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%87%D9%86" title="ھورمۇن – Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ھورمۇن" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Гормони – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гормони" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="ہارمون – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہارمون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gormonlar" title="Gormonlar – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gormonlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ormon" title="Ormon – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ormon" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gormonad" title="Gormonad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gormonad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%99i_ti%E1%BA%BFt_t%E1%BB%91" title="Nội tiết tố – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nội tiết tố" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hormon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0" title="激素 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="激素" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ჰორმონეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰორმონეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9F" title="הארמאן – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הארמאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0" title="激素 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="激素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%CD%98-l%C3%BA-b%C3%B3ng" title="Ho͘-lú-bóng – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ho͘-lú-bóng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%80%E7%88%BE%E8%92%99" title="賀爾蒙 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="賀爾蒙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11364#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hormoon" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Hormoon" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hormoon"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:1802_Examples_of_Amine_Peptide_Protein_and_Steroid_Hormone_Structure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/1802_Examples_of_Amine_Peptide_Protein_and_Steroid_Hormone_Structure.jpg/220px-1802_Examples_of_Amine_Peptide_Protein_and_Steroid_Hormone_Structure.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/1802_Examples_of_Amine_Peptide_Protein_and_Steroid_Hormone_Structure.jpg/330px-1802_Examples_of_Amine_Peptide_Protein_and_Steroid_Hormone_Structure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/1802_Examples_of_Amine_Peptide_Protein_and_Steroid_Hormone_Structure.jpg/440px-1802_Examples_of_Amine_Peptide_Protein_and_Steroid_Hormone_Structure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="1329" /></a><figcaption>Verskillende soorte hormone word in die liggaam afgeskei, met verskillende biologiese rolle en funksies. <i>(klik om leesbaar te vergroot)</i></figcaption></figure> <p>’n <b>Hormoon</b> is ’n chemiese prikkelstof wat deur bepaalde kliere in veelsellige <a href="/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme">organismes</a> afgeskei word. Dit word deur die <a href="/wiki/Bloedvat" title="Bloedvat">bloedvatstelsel</a> na verafgeleë organe gestuur om <a href="/wiki/Fisiologie" title="Fisiologie">fisiologie</a> en gedrag te beheer. Dit is in teenstelling met <a href="/wiki/Senuoordraer" title="Senuoordraer">senuoordraers</a>, waarvan die invloed meestal by <a href="/wiki/Sinaps" title="Sinaps">sinapse</a> uitgeoefen word. </p><p>Hormone het uiteenlopende chemiese strukture, van hoofsaaklik drie klasse: eikosanoïede, <a href="/wiki/Stero%C3%AFed" title="Steroïed">steroïede</a> en <a href="/wiki/Aminosure" class="mw-redirect" title="Aminosure">aminosure</a>/<a href="/wiki/Prote%C3%AFen" title="Proteïen">proteïene</a>-derivate (<a href="/wiki/Amien" title="Amien">amiene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peptied" title="Peptied">peptiede</a> en <a href="/wiki/Prote%C3%AFen" title="Proteïen">proteïene</a>). Die kliere wat hormone afskei, kom hoofsaaklik in die <a href="/wiki/Endokriene_stelsel" title="Endokriene stelsel">endokriene stelsel</a> voor. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Werking">Werking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Werking" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Werking"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hormone word gebruik om tussen <a href="/wiki/Orgaan" title="Orgaan">organe</a> en <a href="/wiki/Weefsel" title="Weefsel">weefsel</a> te kommunikeer vir die regulering van geestelike en fisieke gedrag, soos spysvertering, <a href="/wiki/Metabolisme" title="Metabolisme">metabolisme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asemhaling" title="Asemhaling">asemhaling</a>, weefselfunksies, <a href="/wiki/Sintuig" class="mw-redirect" title="Sintuig">sintuiglike</a> waarneming, slaap, <a href="/wiki/Stres" title="Stres">stres</a>, groei en ontwikkeling, beweging, <a href="/wiki/Voortplanting" title="Voortplanting">voortplanting</a> en buie.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hulle beïnvloed verafgeleë selle deur aan spesifieke <a href="/wiki/Reseptor_(biochemie)" title="Reseptor (biochemie)">reseptorproteïene</a> in die teikensel te bind, en dit lei tot ’n verandering in die selfunksie. Wanneer ’n hormoon aan ’n reseptor bind, het dit die aktivering van ’n seintransduksiepad tot gevolg. Dit kan lei tot seltipespesifieke reaksies. </p><p>Hormone is soms deel van ’n eenvoudige en soms van ’n ingewikkelde stelsel. Om te weet of ’n klier meer of minder hormone moet afskei, maak die liggaam gebruik van negatiewe terugkoppeling. ’n Belangrike deel van die brein wat hierby betrokke is, is die <a href="/wiki/Hipotalamus" title="Hipotalamus">hipotalamus</a>. Dit bepaal die hoeveelhede van verskillende hormone in die bloed en reageer hierop deur self hormonale of senuboodskappe aan die endokriene kliere te stuur en daardeur word produksie van hormone gestimuleer of geïnhibeer. </p><p>Hormone kan in baie soorte weefsel afgeskei word. Endokriene kliere is die vernaamste voorbeeld, maar gespesialiseerde selle in verskeie ander organe, soos die eierstokke en <a href="/wiki/Testikel" title="Testikel">testikels</a>, skei ook hormone af. So skei die byskildklier parathormoon, die murg van die bynier <a href="/wiki/Adrenalien" title="Adrenalien">adrenalien</a>, die testikels <a href="/wiki/Testosteroon" title="Testosteroon">testosteroon</a> en die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eilandjies_van_Langerhans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eilandjies van Langerhans (bladsy bestaan nie)">eilandjies van Langerhans</a> <a href="/wiki/Insulien" title="Insulien">insulien</a> af. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inleiding">Inleiding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Inleiding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Inleiding"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hormone is organiese stowwe soos proteïene, peptiede, aminosuurderivate en steroïede wat gesintetiseer word om 'n spesifieke reguleringsfunksie in sekere teikenselle of organe uit te voer. Die bes bestudeerde en bekendste hormone is die van <a href="/wiki/Werweldiere" class="mw-redirect" title="Werweldiere">werweldiere</a> en veral die van die mens. Daar is egter baie bewyse dat hormone 'n belangrike rol speel by insekte, plante en moontlik selfs by die geslagtelike vermeerdering van sekere <a href="/wiki/Alg" title="Alg">alge</a> en <a href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">fungi</a>. By werweldiere word hormone deur <a href="/wiki/Endokriene_stelsel" title="Endokriene stelsel">endokriene</a> en <a href="/wiki/Eksokriene_stelsel" title="Eksokriene stelsel">eksokriene</a> kliere afgeskei. </p><p>Endokriene of buislose kliere is kliere wat hul produkte direk in die bloed wat deur die klier stroom uitskei. Eksokriene kliere daarteenoor skei hul produkte na buite uit. 'n Voorbeeld hiervan is die maagsapkliere, wat hul produkte direk in die maag afskei. Wanneer die hormone in die bloedstroom beland, word hulle na spesifieke teikenselle of organe in die liggaam vervoer waar hulle 'n reguleringsfunksie uitoefen. </p><p>Hoewel daar reeds 'n baie lang tyd gegis is oor die aanwesigheid van besondere lewendgewende stowwe in die bloed en ander liggaamsvloeistowwe, is daar eers in die 20ste eeu belangrike wetenskaplike en praktiese vordering op die gebied gemaak. </p><p>Die wetenskap wat hom vandag besig hou met die studie van hormone en hormoonproduserende kliere, staan bekend as endokrinologie. Daar is wyd uiteenlopende verskille in die reguleringsfunksie van verskillende hormone. Sommige beheer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metaboliese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metaboliese (bladsy bestaan nie)">metaboliese</a> en groeiprosesse in die liggaam, ander reguleer weer slegs die sintese van ander hormone, Verskeie hormone het op verskillende prosesse in die liggaam 'n gesamentlike uitwerking, maar lok op ander plekke presies teenoorgestelde reaksies uit. Dit is duidelik dat al die reaksies onderhewig is aan 'n baie fyn balans en kontrolestelsel wat verseker dat al die betrokke prosesse normaal funksioneer. In hierdie balans speel terugvoerbeheer 'n baie belangrike rol. </p><p>ie terugvoermeganisme kan soos volg voorgestel word: hormoon A aktiveer 'n klier wat betrokke is by die sintese van hormoon B. Wanneer te veel van hormoon B geproduseer word, rem dit die afskeiding van hormoon A en daar word gevolglik ook minder van B geproduseer. As die vlak van hormoon B weer normaal is of benede normaal daal, word hierdie produksieremming van hormoon A opgehef. Ondanks hierdie beheermeganisme is die hormoonkonsentrasies in die liggaam nie altyd dieselfde nie, Die rede hiervoor is dat die liggaam se behoeftes kan verander en dat hormoonproduksie ook beïnvloed kan word deur eksterne prikkels wat op die <a href="/wiki/Brein" title="Brein">brein</a> inwerk. Hier speel die pituïtêre klier of hipofise 'n uiters belangrike rol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hormone_van_die_hipofise">Hormone van die hipofise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Hormone van die hipofise" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Hormone van die hipofise"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die hipofise is 'n klein orgaan wat in die basis van die <a href="/wiki/Skedel" title="Skedel">skedel</a> geleë is. Dit staan onder die beheer van die hipotalamus, 'n deel van die middelbrein met 'n regulerende funksie in die outonome senuweestelsel. Die hipofise beheer op sy beurt deur middel van die produksie van spesifieke regulerende proteïenhormone die hormoonproduksie van baie van die belangrikste kliere in die liggaam. Hierdie skakeling tussen die brein en hormoonproduksie is van groot belang en is die manier waarop hormoonvlakke in die liggaam beïnvloed word deur eksterne prikkels soos temperatuurveranderinge, honger, dors, spanning, ensovoorts. Die hipofise bestaan uit 2 lobbe. </p><p>Die agterlob (posterior lob) skei 2 hormone af wat waarskynlik albei in die hipotalamus vervaardig word en dan afbeweeg na die agterlob, waar hulle uitgeskei word. Een van die 2 hormone is vasopressien, wat 'n rol speel by die regulering van die <a href="/wiki/Bloeddruk" title="Bloeddruk">bloeddruk</a> deur die uriensekresie by die niere te bekamp. Die benaming antidiuretikumhormoon (ADH) word deesdae ook dikwels gebruik in plaas van vasopressien, Die 'ander hormoon wat deur die agterlob van die hipofise afgeskei word, is oksitosien. Hierdie hormoon induseer spiersametrekkings by bevallings. Sintetiese bereidings van hierdie hormoon word soms gebruik om bevallings kunsmatig te bespoedig. 'n Tweede funksie van die hormoon is om die gladde spier van die melkkliere te laat saamtrek sodat melk in die bors na buite gedwing word. Melkproduksie self is egter onder beheer van 'n ander proteïenhormoon,· prolaktien, wat deur die voorlob van die hipofise afgeskei word. </p><p>Die meeste hormone van die voorlob van die <a href="/wiki/Hipofise" title="Hipofise">hipofise</a> (anterior lob) is egter betrokke by die aktivering van ander hormoonproduserende kliere. 'n Uitsondering is die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sintese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sintese (bladsy bestaan nie)">sintese</a> van die groeihormoon. Hierdie proteïen speel 'n rol by die regulering van die metabolisme en dit aktiveer 'n hele reeks prosesse wat met die groei en ontwikkeling van die liggaam verband hou. Die skildklier- (tiroïed-) stimulerende hormoon TSH aktiveer die produksie en <a href="/wiki/Uitskeiding" title="Uitskeiding">uitskeiding</a> van hormone in die <a href="/wiki/Skildklier" title="Skildklier">skildklier</a>. Ander dergelike hormone is die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adrenokortikotropien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adrenokortikotropien (bladsy bestaan nie)">adrenokortikotropien</a> (ACTH), wat die hormoonproduksie in die bynierskors beheer, en die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonadotrope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonadotrope (bladsy bestaan nie)">gonadotrope</a> hormone, wat betrokke is by die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoonvorming&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hormoonvorming (bladsy bestaan nie)">hormoonvorming</a> in die geslagskliere van mans en vroue. </p><p>Die follikelstimulerende hormoon FSH veroorsaak by die vrou dat die follikels in die eierstokke ryp word as deel van die voorbereiding vir ovulasie. Dit bevorder ook die produksie van estrogene hormone. By die man speel FSH 'n rol by die ontwikkeling van saadbuisies in die testis en die groei van spermselle. Die luteïniserende hormoon (LH) veroorsaak die sekresie van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estrogeen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estrogeen (bladsy bestaan nie)">estrogeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ovulasie" title="Ovulasie">ovulasie</a> en die ontwikkeling van die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Corpus_luteum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corpus luteum (bladsy bestaan nie)">corpus luteum</a>, 'n liggaampie wat in die <a href="/wiki/Eierstokke" class="mw-redirect" title="Eierstokke">eierstokke</a> ontwikkel nadat die eiersel afgeskei is en wat verantwoordelik is vir die afskeiding van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Progesteroon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progesteroon (bladsy bestaan nie)">progesteroon</a>. By die man het LH 'n invloed op die sintese van die manlike geslagshormoon, <a href="/wiki/Testosteroon" title="Testosteroon">testosteroon</a>, wat plaasvind in die weefsel tussen die saadbuisies in die testis. </p><p>By diere is die gonadotrope hormone daarvoor verantwoordelik dat wyfies bronstig word. Die boodskap vir die afskeiding van die hormoon op die regte tyd van die jaar kom van die hipotalamus. In die Sowjetunie word die proses aangewend deur hipotalamusweefsel in te bou in visse (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Steurvisse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steurvisse (bladsy bestaan nie)">steurvisse</a>) wat gebruik word vir die produksie van kaviaar. Op die manier word viseiers dwarsdeur die jaar geproduseer. Skakeling tussen die hipotalamus en die voorlob van die hipofise vind plaas deur middel van stowwe wat deur die bloedvate na die hipofise vervoer word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skildklierhormone">Skildklierhormone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Skildklierhormone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Skildklierhormone"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die skildklier (tiroïed), wat voor in die nek rondom die lugpyp geleë is, produseer twee hormone: kalsitonien, 'n proteïenhormoon wat die kalsiumvlak in die bloed verlaag, en tiroksien, 'n aminosuurderivaat wat by alle werweldiere in dieselfde vorm voorkom. Tiroksien word afgeskei na stimulasie deur die hipofisehormoon TSH. Jodium is nodig vir die sintese van tiroksien en dit maak die skildklier die belangrikste verbruiker van jodium in die liggaam. </p><p>Tiroksien speel 'n belangrike rol by die sellulêre metabolisme van die meeste organe in die liggaam en verseker dat die nodige metaboliese tempo gehandhaaf word, selfs by volledige fisieke en geestelike rus. Hierdie metabolisme in rus, die sogenaamde basale metabolisme, kan gemeet word en verskaf 'n goeie aanduiding of die skildklier behoorlik werk. By diere het die hormone benewens 'n metaboliese funksie ook 'n invloed op die metamorfose van paddavissies tot amfibieë, of die verskynsel dat voëls, <a href="/wiki/Soogdier" title="Soogdier">soogdiere</a> en reptiele hul vere, pels of vel verloor, en op die ontwikkeling van horings by bokke. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Paratiroïedhormone"><span id="Paratiro.C3.AFedhormone"></span>Paratiroïedhormone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Paratiroïedhormone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Paratiroïedhormone"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die klein paratiroïedkliere, gewoonlik 4 in getal, lê agter, maar soms binne-in die skildklier. Hulle is verantwoordelik vir die sintese van paratormoon, ŉ hormoon wat beheer uitoefen oor die kalsium- en fosforkonsentrasie in die bloed. Dit mobiliseer hierdie stowwe uit die beenstelsel en reguleer die uitskeiding van fosforverbindings deur die niere. </p><p>Die werking van paratormoon is van groot belang vir die been-, die senuwee- en die spierstelsel in die liggaam. Omdat die hormoon baie belangrik is by kalsiummetabolisme, word die grootste paratiroïedkliere aangetref by diere met 'n hoë kalsiummetabolisme, soos voëls, wat kalsium nodig het vir die vorming van eierdoppe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bynierhormone">Bynierhormone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Bynierhormone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bynierhormone"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die byniere is klein organe bo-op die niere. Hulle bestaan uit 'n buitenste laag, wat die bynierskors of korteks genoem word, en 'n binneste of medullêre laag. Adrenalien of noradrenalien word deur die selle van die binneste laag gevorm. Hierdie stowwe is belangrik vanweë hul betrokkenheid by die outonome senuweestelsel. Hulle speel ook 'n rol by koolhidraat- en vetmetabolisme. Hulle word nie as ware hormone beskou nie. Die hormone van die bynierskors, die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortikostero%C3%AFede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kortikosteroïede (bladsy bestaan nie)">kortikosteroïede</a>, is van groot belang. Daar is 3 tipes. Die eerste tipe, die glukokortikoïede, is betrokke by <a href="/wiki/Koolhidraat" title="Koolhidraat">koolhidraat</a>- en kalsiummetabolisme, die uitskeiding van maagsappe en talle ander prosesse in die liggaam. </p><p>Hierdie hormone het 'n sogenaamde <a href="/wiki/Anti-inflammatoriese_middel" title="Anti-inflammatoriese middel">anti-inflammatoriese</a> werking en het 'n remmende werking op oordadige reaksies van die liggaam as gevolg van infeksie of spanningstoestande. Uitskeiding van die hormone word geaktiveer deur die hipofisehormoon ACTH. Hierdie hormoon word uitgeskei nadat 'n boodskap ontvang is van die brein, wat op ŉ bepaalde noodsituasie reageer. Daar word in die medisyne baie van kortikosteroïede soos kortisoon gebruik gemaak. Baie van die verbindings het 'n semisintetiese oorsprong. </p><p>Die kortikosteroïede het ongelukkig ook 'n groot aantal ongewenste newe-effekte. Die tweede groep hormone van die bynierskors is die mineralokortikoïede, soos onder meer aldosteroon, 'n steroïedverbinding wat beheer uitoefen oor die kalium- en die natriumverlies tydens wateruitskeiding by die <a href="/wiki/Nier" title="Nier">niere</a>. Die laaste groep hormone van die bynierskors is die androgene (manlike hormone) en in mindere mate sekere vroulike hormone. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geslagshormone">Geslagshormone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Geslagshormone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Geslagshormone"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die vroulike geslaghormone, estrogeen en progesteroon, word hoofsaaklik in die eierstokke gevorm. Die uitskeiding is onder beheer van die gonadotrope hormone van die hipofise. Hierdie hormone speel 'n rol in die ontwikkeling van vroulike geslagskenmerke en in talle liggaamsprosesse soos menstruasie en swangerskap. Testosteroon is die manlike geslagshormoon wat vanaf puberteit die manlike geslagsontwikkeling bepaal. Dit bepaal ook die libido of geslagsdrang. Die hormoon word gevorm in sekere selle van die testis (Leydig se selle) en die sintese word gereguleer deur die interstisiële selstimulerende hormoon (lSCH) van die hipofise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pankreashormone">Pankreashormone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Pankreashormone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Pankreashormone"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die <a href="/wiki/Pankreas" title="Pankreas">pankreas</a> het benewens sy eksokriene funksie met betrekking tot die uitskeiding van spysverteringsappe ook ŉ endokriene funksie. In die eilandjies van Langerhans word naamlik insulien gevorm wat betrokke is by die verlaging van die bloedsuiker. Deur sy beheer oor die koolhidraatmetabolisme is insulien van belang by selvoeding en bevorder sodoende die sintese van glikogeen, vet en proteïene. 'n Tekort aan insulien veroorsaak suikersiekte of <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes mellitus">diabetes mellitus</a>. </p><p>Insulien is reeds aan die begin van die eeu vir die eerste keer geïsoleer en word vandag algemeen gebruik in die behandeling van diabetes. Dit is 'n betreklik klein proteïenmolekule en is van weë sy geneeskundige belang een van die eerste proteïene wat met behulp van genetiese manipulasie in bakteriese selle gesintetiseer is. Benewens insulien word glukagon ook deur die pankreas geproduseer. Die werking daarvan is in groot mate teenoorgesteld aan die van insulien. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meganisme_van_hormoonwerking">Meganisme van hormoonwerking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Meganisme van hormoonwerking" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Meganisme van hormoonwerking"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hormone is 'n wyd uiteenlopende reeks organiese verbindings, Die hipofisehormone soos die groeihormoon, ACTH, tiroïedstimulerende hormoon (TSH), follikelstimulerende hormoon (FSH) en ISCH is almal proteïene of peptiede, soos ook die pankreashormone <a href="/wiki/Insulien" title="Insulien">insulien</a> en glukagon, en ook 'n hele aantal ander hormone soos kalsitonien, paratormoon, ensovoorts. Ander hormone soos die skildklierhormoon tiroksien en die bynierhormone adrenalien en noradrenalien is aminosuurderivate. Die geslagshormone behoort almal tot dié reeks steroïedverbindings. Dit is verbindings met 'n gehidrogeneerde siklopeen-tenofenantreen-ringstelsel. Daar kan verwag word dat hormoonverbindings almal op verskillende maniere sal werk. </p><p>Tog kan twee verskillende meganismes op sellulêre vlak onderskei word. In die een tipe meganisme dring die hormoon self nooit die sel binne nie, maar bind dit aan 'n reseptor op die selmembraan. Verskeie hormone, soos byvoorbeeld ACTH, bind op die manier aan die seloppervlak en aktiveer daardeur die sintese van sikliese 3'5'-adenosienmonofosfaat (AMP) in die sel. Hierdie sikliese AMP speel 'n belangrike rol in die werking van baie hormone en sy uitwerking berus daarop dat dit sekere chemiese modifikasies aan proteïene in die sel kan aanbring. Hierdeur word die nodige veranderinge in die sel geïnduseer. Die tweede meganisme verskil van die eerste in soverre die hormoon self die sel binnedring en aan 'n reseptor in die <a href="/wiki/Sitoplasma" class="mw-redirect" title="Sitoplasma">sitoplasma</a> bind. Tiroksien, die groeihormoon en die steroïedhormone reageer op die manier. Die presiese chemiese interaksies wat plaasvind, is in bale gevalle onbekend of word nog nagevors. </p><p>Die gevolg van die interaksie is egter gewoonlik dat die sel sekere <a href="/wiki/Ensiem" title="Ensiem">ensieme</a> of ander proteïene begin produseer wat 'n rol speel in die reaksies wat deur die hormoon gereguleer word. Die hormoonwerking berus dus op die aktivering van bepaalde gene wat in 'n "rustende" toestand in die teikensel aanwesig is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Insekhormone">Insekhormone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: Insekhormone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Insekhormone"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hormone speel ŉ belangrike rol in die regulering van die lewensiklus van insekte, Daar is selfs in ooreenstemming met die hipofisehormone van werweldiere sekere neurohormone wat die sintese van ander hormone reguleer. Een so 'n voorbeeld is die torakotrope hormoon wat die sintese van ekdisoon stimuleer. Ekdisoon is 'n steroïedhormoon wat 'n belangrike rol speel met betrekking tot vervelling in al die verskillende ontwikkelingsstadia van die insek. </p><p>By hierdie vervellingsreaksies is 'n ander insekhormoon, die sogenaamde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juveniele_hormoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juveniele hormoon (bladsy bestaan nie)">juveniele hormoon</a>, ook betrokke. Die hormoon bepaal of die insek in die larwestadium bly of nie. 'n Ander bekende groep insekhormone is die feromone, wat belangrike geslagtelike lokmiddels by insekte is en ook 'n funksie vervul in die sosiale organisasiepatroon van sekere insekte, soos byvoorbeeld die heuningby. Feromone as lokmiddels word met groot welslae aangewend in plaagbeheer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planthormone">Planthormone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Planthormone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Planthormone"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die groei van plante word in groot mate beïnvloed deur 'n groep van 5 verskillende soorte planthormone (fitohormone). Die funksies van die groepe oorvleuel en daar is min bekend oor die presiese manier waarop die hormone werk. Die bekendste groep is die ouksiene, waarvan die bekendste lid beheer uitoefen oor seldeling en selverlenging. Op die manier word 'n groot aantal verskillende prosesse beheer. Die hormone is ook betrokke by fototropisme, die neiging van 'n plant soos 'n sonneblom om altyd sy gesig na die son te draai. </p><p>Ander hormone beïnvloed weer eienskappe soos plantvorm en grootte. Benewens hormone wat plantgroei bevorder, is daar ook verbindings wat plantgroei rem. Een van die bekendstes is absissien (dormien), Dit kom voor in 'n groot verskeidenheid van plantorgane, blare, vrugte, ensovoorts, Dit bevorder onder meer reaksies wat te doen het met die afval van blare. ŉ Ander inhibeerder van plantgroei is <a href="/wiki/Etileen" title="Etileen">etileen</a>. Hierdie hormoon speel ook 'n rol in die rypwordingsproses van vrugte. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronne">Bronne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Bronne"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAreldspektrum" title="Wêreldspektrum">Wêreldspektrum</a></i>, 1982, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0908409524" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0908409524</a> band</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFNeave_N2008" class="citation book cs1">Neave N (2008). <i>Hormones and behaviour: a psychological approach</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0521692014" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0521692014"><bdi>978-0521692014</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hormones+and+behaviour%3A+a+psychological+approach&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+Univ.+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0521692014&rft.au=Neave+N&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHormoon" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Onbekende parameter <code class="cs1-code">|lay-url=</code> geïgnoreer (<a href="/wiki/Hulp:AS1-foute#parameter_ignored" title="Hulp:AS1-foute">hulp</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Onbekende parameter <code class="cs1-code">|laysource=</code> geïgnoreer (<a href="/wiki/Hulp:AS1-foute#parameter_ignored" title="Hulp:AS1-foute">hulp</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/hormones.html">"Hormones"</a>. <i>MedlinePlus</i> (in Engels). U.S. National Library of Medicine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160704221214/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/hormones.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 Julie 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MedlinePlus&rft.atitle=Hormones&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nlm.nih.gov%2Fmedlineplus%2Fhormones.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHormoon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormoon&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/15px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/23px-Crystal_txt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/30px-Crystal_txt.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" class="extiw" title="en:Hormone">Engelse</a> en die <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormoon" class="extiw" title="nl:Hormoon">Nederlandse Wikipedia</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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