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View source for Madeleine Michelis - Wikipedia

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Her brother, Jean, was four years her junior.&lt;ref>{{cite book| author=Madeleine Michelis|title=Correspondance d' avant guerre et de guerre, preface by [[Jean-Louis Crémieux-Brilhac]]|language=fr|place=Paris|publisher=éditions du Félin|date=January 2015|ISBN= 978-2-86645-823-2}}&lt;/ref> She was educated first at the local girls' school, then at the [[Lycée Condorcet]] in Paris and finally at the [[École normale supérieure de jeunes filles]] at [[Sèvres]]. She was a member of the [[Jeunesse Étudiante Chrétienne]], a Christian youth organisation. ==Wartime activities== Her first teaching post was at the Lycée de jeunes filles at [[le Havre]], but she was forced to leave in 1940 because of the bombing. She was transferred to the Lycée Victor Duruy in Paris, and subsequently to the Lycée d’État de Jeunes Filles d'Amiens,&lt;ref name="Musée">{{cite web|url=http://museedelaresistanceenligne.org/media2337-Madeleine-Michelis|title=Madeleine Michelis|website=Musée de la Résistance en ligne|access-date=26 April 2018}}&lt;/ref> later renamed the Lycée Madeleine Michelis d'Amiens in her honour. In 1942, she gave shelter to a Jewish girl, Claude Dalsace, whose father had been deported; Michelis managed to get her to safety in the "zone libre". As a member of the [[Libération-Nord]] and the "Shelburn" network, Michelis was involved in the rescue of airmen and escaped prisoners who found their way to the countryside of Picardy. It was for her actions in the period between November 1943 and February 1944 that she was posthumously awarded the [[Medal of Freedom (1945)|Medal of Freedom]] by the United States.&lt;ref name="Musée"/> She was arrested at Amiens railway station on 12 February 1944 and taken to the Gestapo headquarters at the [[Lycée Montaigne (Paris)|Lycée Montaigne]] in Paris for questioning. The official version of her death given by her superiors in the Resistance was that she had committed suicide on 15 February rather than face further interrogation. Two other teachers arrested at around the same time, [[Thérèse Pierre]] and Suzanne Blin, also died while under arrest.&lt;ref name="Stern1947">{{cite book|author=Bernhard Joseph Stern|title=Science and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b1IUAAAAIAAJ|year=1947|publisher=Science and Society, Incorporated}}&lt;/ref> The tortures inflicted on her included [[waterboarding]]. On 15 February, she told other prisoners that she had been placed in an icy bath and could not warm up afterwards. Some stated that, the next day, she was again taken for interrogation; she was never seen alive again.&lt;ref name="jl">{{cite book|author=Jacques Lejosne, Jackie et Françoise Fusillier|date=2012|place=Amiens|title=1940-Amiens-1944 Dans les griffes de la Gestapo|language=fr}}&lt;/ref> Yet another version of her death was given by General [[Charles de Gaulle]] in her medal citation: that she was strangled by her captors.&lt;ref name="Musée"/> [[Jean-Louis Crémieux-Brilhac]], a member of the Free French Forces, stated that he was notified of this by [[telegram]].&lt;ref>{{cite book|author=Jean-Louis Crémieux-Brilhac|title=L'Étrange victoire. De la défense de la République à la libération de la France|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=paW9CwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT109|date=2016-04-01|publisher=Editions Gallimard|isbn=978-2-07-265822-8|pages=109–}}&lt;/ref> ==Legacy== The state of Israel posthumously conferred on her the title of Righteous Among the Nations, on 24 November 1997.&lt;ref name="Musée"/> Streets in Paris and her home town of Neuilly-sur-Seine have been named Rue Madeleine Michelis in her honour. Letters written by Michelis are now held by the [[:fr:Institut d'histoire du temps présent|Institut d'histoire du temps présent]].&lt;ref>{{cite book|author=Gérald Maisse|title=Occupation et résistance dans la Somme, 1940-1944|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HvJnAAAAMAAJ|language=fr|year=2005|publisher=F. Paillart}}&lt;/ref> A high school in [[Amiens|Amiens, France]] (Lycée Madeleine Michelis) is named after her.&lt;ref>{{Cite web|url=http://michelis.lyc.ac-amiens.fr/Le-lycee-doit-son-nom-a-Madeleine.html|title=Le lycée doit son nom à Madeleine Michelis|date=4 November 2013|website=Lycée Madeleine Michelis|language=French|trans-title=The high school owes its name to Madeleine Michelis|access-date=2018-06-30}}&lt;/ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category-inline}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Michelis, Madeleine}} [[Category:1913 births]] [[Category:1944 deaths]] [[Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour]] [[Category:French Resistance members]] [[Category:French Righteous Among the Nations]] [[Category:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)]] [[Category:French people of Italian descent]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of 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