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</a> <ul id="toc-Bathing_area-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boiler_room" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boiler_room"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Boiler room</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boiler_room-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Sauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etiquette" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etiquette"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Etiquette</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Etiquette-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Etiquette subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Etiquette-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entrance_and_undressing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entrance_and_undressing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Entrance and undressing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entrance_and_undressing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bathing_area_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bathing_area_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Bathing area</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bathing_area_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tattoos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tattoos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Tattoos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tattoos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sanitation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sanitation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sanitation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sanitation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pricing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pricing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pricing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pricing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nara_period_to_Kamakura_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nara_period_to_Kamakura_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Nara period to Kamakura period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nara_period_to_Kamakura_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kamakura_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kamakura_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Kamakura period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kamakura_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edo_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edo_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Edo period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edo_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meiji_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meiji_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Meiji period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meiji_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rebuilding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rebuilding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Rebuilding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rebuilding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Golden_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Golden_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Golden era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Golden_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>Decline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.8</span> <span>Future</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sento" title="Sento – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sento" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sento_(banejo)" title="Sento (banejo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sento (banejo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88_(%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85_%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86%DB%8C)" title="سنتو (حمام ژاپنی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنتو (حمام ژاپنی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%BC%ED%86%A0_(%EB%AA%A9%EC%9A%95%ED%83%95)" title="센토 (목욕탕) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="센토 (목욕탕)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%B8" title="Սենտո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սենտո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95" title="סנטו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סנטו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sento" title="Sento – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sento" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sento" title="Sento – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sento" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF" title="銭湯 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="銭湯" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Сэнто – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сэнто" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95" title="เซนโต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซนโต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent%C5%8D" title="Sentō – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sentō" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E6%B9%AF" title="錢湯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="錢湯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E6%B9%AF" title="錢湯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="錢湯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1046648#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of Japanese communal bathhouse</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kodakara-yu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kodakara-yu.jpg/260px-Kodakara-yu.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kodakara-yu.jpg/390px-Kodakara-yu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kodakara-yu.jpg/520px-Kodakara-yu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="1693" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to the <i>sentō</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Edo-Tokyo_Open_Air_Architectural_Museum" title="Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum">Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><b>Sentō</b></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">銭湯</span></span>)</span> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanese</a> communal <a href="/wiki/Public_bathing" title="Public bathing">bathhouse</a> where customers pay for entrance. Traditionally these bathhouses have been quite utilitarian, with a tall barrier <a href="/wiki/Gender_segregation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender segregation">separating the sexes</a> within one large room, a minimum of lined-up <a href="/wiki/Tap_(valve)" title="Tap (valve)">faucets</a> on both sides, and a single large bath for the already washed bathers to sit in among others.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the second half of the 20th century, these communal bathhouses have been decreasing in numbers as more and more Japanese residences now have baths.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some Japanese find social importance in going to public baths, out of the theory that physical proximity/intimacy brings emotional intimacy, which is termed <i><a href="/wiki/Skinship" class="mw-redirect" title="Skinship">skinship</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-anglicism" title="Pseudo-anglicism">pseudo-English</a> Japanese. Others go to a <i>sentō</i> because they live in a small housing facility without a private bath or to enjoy bathing in a spacious room and to relax in saunas or jet baths that often accompany new or renovated sentōs. </p><p>Another type of Japanese public bath is <i><a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">onsen</a></i>, which uses hot water from a natural <a href="/wiki/Hot_spring" title="Hot spring">hot spring</a>. In general, the word onsen means that the bathing facility has at least one bath filled with natural hot spring water. However, throughout the Kansai region of Japan, the word "onsen" is also a commonly used naming scheme for sentō. Sentō and supersentō<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers. (December 2023)">specify</span></a></i>]</sup> in <a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kansai</a> that do have access to a hot spring will often differentiate themselves by having "natural hot spring" (天然温泉) somewhere on their signage. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Layout_and_architectural_features">Layout and architectural features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Layout and architectural features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SentoLayout.C73.English.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/SentoLayout.C73.English.jpg/250px-SentoLayout.C73.English.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/SentoLayout.C73.English.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>General floor layout of a sentō with a <i>bandai</i> configuration</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entrance_area">Entrance area</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Entrance area"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are many different layouts for a Japanese <i>sentō</i> or public bath. Most traditional <i>sentō</i>, however, are very similar to the layout shown on the right. The entrance from the outside looks somewhat similar to a temple, with a Japanese curtain (暖簾, <i><a href="/wiki/Noren" title="Noren">noren</a></i>) across the entrance. The curtain is usually blue and shows the <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a> 湯 (<i>yu</i>, lit. hot water) or the corresponding <a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">hiragana</a> ゆ. After the entrance, there is an area with shoe lockers, followed by two long curtains or doors, one on each side. These lead to the <i>datsuijo</i> (脱衣場, changing room), also known as <i>datsuiba</i> for the men and women respectively. The men's and the women's sides are very similar and differ only slightly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changing_room">Changing room</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Changing room"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KodakaraYuBandai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/KodakaraYuBandai.jpg/250px-KodakaraYuBandai.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/KodakaraYuBandai.jpg/330px-KodakaraYuBandai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/KodakaraYuBandai.jpg/500px-KodakaraYuBandai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption>Bandai in the <a href="/wiki/Edo-Tokyo_Open_Air_Architectural_Museum" title="Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum">Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A public bathing facility in Japan typically has one of two kinds of entrances. One is the front desk variety, where a person in charge sits at a front desk, abbreviated as "front." The other entrance variety is the bandai style. In Tokyo, 660 sentō facilities have a "front"-type entrance, while only 315 still have the more traditional bandai-style entrance.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inside, between the entrances is the <i>bandai</i> (番台), where the attendant sits. The <i>bandai</i> is a rectangular or horseshoe-shaped platform with a railing, usually around 1.5 to 1.8 m high. Above the <i>bandai</i> is usually a large clock. Immediately in front of the <i>bandai</i> is usually a utility door, to be used by the attendants only. The dressing room is approximately 10 m by 10 m, sometimes partly covered with <a href="/wiki/Tatami" title="Tatami">tatami sheets</a> and contains lockers for clothes. Often, there is a large shelf storing equipment for regular customers. </p><p>The ceiling is very high, at 3 to 4 m. The separating wall between the men's and the women's side is about 1.5 m high. The dressing room also often has access to a very small Japanese <a href="/wiki/Garden" title="Garden">garden</a> with a pond and a <a href="/wiki/Squat_toilet" title="Squat toilet">Japanese-style toilet</a>. There are a number of tables and chairs, including some coin-operated massage chairs. Usually, there is also a scale to measure weight, and sometimes height. In some very old <i>sentō</i>, this scale may use the traditional Japanese measure <i>monme</i> (匁, 1 monme = 3.75 g) and <i>kan</i> (1 kan = 1000 monme = 3.75 kg). Similarly, in old <i>sentō</i> the height scale may go only to 180 cm. Local business often advertises in the <i>sentō</i>. The women's side usually has some baby beds and may have more mirrors. The decoration and the <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">advertising</a> are often gender-specific on the different sides. There is usually a refreshment cooler there where the customers can self-serve and pay the attendant. Milk drinks are traditional favorites and sometimes there is <a href="/wiki/Ice_cream" title="Ice cream">ice cream</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bathing_area">Bathing area</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bathing area"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_communal_bathhouse_SENTO_Sent%C5%8D_%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B4%E5%AE%A4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Japanese_communal_bathhouse_SENTO_Sent%C5%8D_%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B4%E5%AE%A4.jpg/250px-Japanese_communal_bathhouse_SENTO_Sent%C5%8D_%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B4%E5%AE%A4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Japanese_communal_bathhouse_SENTO_Sent%C5%8D_%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B4%E5%AE%A4.jpg/330px-Japanese_communal_bathhouse_SENTO_Sent%C5%8D_%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B4%E5%AE%A4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Japanese_communal_bathhouse_SENTO_Sent%C5%8D_%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B4%E5%AE%A4.jpg/500px-Japanese_communal_bathhouse_SENTO_Sent%C5%8D_%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%81%AE%E6%B5%B4%E5%AE%A4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Men's section</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_view_from_BANDAI_in_Japanese_SENTO_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%BA%E3%82%81_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/The_view_from_BANDAI_in_Japanese_SENTO_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%BA%E3%82%81_01.jpg/250px-The_view_from_BANDAI_in_Japanese_SENTO_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%BA%E3%82%81_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/The_view_from_BANDAI_in_Japanese_SENTO_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%BA%E3%82%81_01.jpg/330px-The_view_from_BANDAI_in_Japanese_SENTO_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%BA%E3%82%81_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/The_view_from_BANDAI_in_Japanese_SENTO_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%BA%E3%82%81_01.jpg/500px-The_view_from_BANDAI_in_Japanese_SENTO_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%BA%E3%82%81_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>View from <i>bandai</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The bathing area is separated from the changing area by a sliding door to keep the heat in the bath. An exception are baths in <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a>, where the climate is warmer and there is no need to keep the hot air in the bath. Sentō in Okinawa usually have no separation between the changing room and the bathing area or only a small wall with an opening to pass through. </p><p>The bathing area is usually tiled. Near the entrance area is a supply of small stools and buckets. There are a number of washing stations at the wall and sometimes in the middle of the room, each with usually two faucets (<i>karan</i>, カラン, after the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch word</a> <i>kraan</i> for faucet), one for hot water and one for cold water, and a showerhead. </p><p>At the end of the room are the <a href="/wiki/Bathtub" title="Bathtub">bathtubs</a>, usually at least two or three with different water temperatures, and maybe a 'denki buro' (電気風呂, electric bath). In the <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kansai</a> area the bathtubs are more often found in the center of the room, whereas in Tokyo they are usually at the end of the room. The separating wall between the men and the women side is also about 1.5 m high. The ceiling may be 4 m high, with large windows in the top. On rare occasions, the separating wall also has a small hole. This was used to pass soap. At the wall on the far end of the room is usually a large ceramic tile mural or painting<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for decoration. Most often this is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Fuji" title="Mount Fuji">Mount Fuji</a>, but it may be a general Japanese landscape, a (faux) European landscape, a river or ocean scene. On rarer occasions, it may also show a group of warriors or a female nude on the male side. Playing children or a female beauty often decorates the women's side. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boiler_room">Boiler room</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Boiler room"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Behind the bathing area is the boiler room (釜場, <i>kamaba</i>), where the water is heated. The boiler may be powered by <a href="/wiki/Heating_oil" title="Heating oil">heating oil</a>, electricity, or be fuelled by wood chippings or any other suitable fuel source. The tall chimneys of the boilers are often used to locate the <i>sentō</i> from far away. After World War II, Tokyo often had power outages when all bathhouse owners turned on the electric water heating at the same time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sauna">Sauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many modern <i>sentō</i> have a <a href="/wiki/Sauna" title="Sauna">sauna</a> with a bathtub of cold water (around 17 degrees Celsius) just outside it for cooling off afterward. Visitors are sometimes expected to pay an extra fee to use the sauna and are often given a wristband to signify this payment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etiquette">Etiquette</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Etiquette"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Sent%C5%8D" title="Special:EditPage/Sentō">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Japanese public bath is one area where the uninitiated can upset regular customers by not following correct bathing etiquette designed to respect others; in particular, not washing before bathing, dipping your towel into the water, introducing soap into the bathwater, and horseplay. <i>Sentō</i> commonly displays a poster,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a leaflet,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and/or a brochure describing bathing etiquette and procedures in Japanese or occasionally in other languages for international customers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some ports in <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaidō</a>, frequently used by foreign fishing fleets, had problems with drunken sailors misbehaving in the bath. Subsequently, a few bathhouses chose not to allow foreign customers at all. </p><p>It is common to hear people say, "<i>gokuraku, gokuraku</i>" when they get into the bath. It means something to the level of divine pleasure; it is a good feeling for the body and the soul. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Equipment">Equipment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taking a bath at a public <i>sentō</i> requires at a bare minimum a small <a href="/wiki/Towel" title="Towel">towel</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Soap" title="Soap">soap</a>/<a href="/wiki/Shampoo" title="Shampoo">shampoo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attendants usually sell these items for 100-200 yen. Many people bring two towels; a hand towel for drying and a hand towel or washcloth for washing. A nylon scrubbing cloth or scrub brush with liquid soap is normally used for washing. Other body hygiene products may include a <a href="/wiki/Pumice" title="Pumice">pumice</a> stone, toothbrush, toothpaste, shaving equipment, combs, shower caps, pomade, <a href="/wiki/Cosmetics" title="Cosmetics">makeup</a> products, powder, creams, etc. Some regular customers store their bucket of bathing equipment on open shelves in the dressing room. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entrance_and_undressing">Entrance and undressing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Entrance and undressing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Japan, it is customary to remove one's shoes when entering a private home. Similarly, shoes are removed before entering the bathing area in a <i>sentō</i>. They are kept in a shoe locker. The locker is usually available free of charge. In a gender-segregated sentō, bathers go through one of the two doors. The men's door usually has a blue color and the <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a> for man (男, <i>otoko</i>) and the women's door usually has a pink color and the kanji for woman (女, <i>onna</i>). The attendant usually provides at extra cost a variety of bath products including towels, soap, shampoo, razors, and combs; ice cream or juice from the freezer can also be paid for here. There are usually free lockers with keys (that may be worn on the wrist into the baths) or large baskets provided to put personal effects. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bathing_area_2">Bathing area</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bathing area"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At <i>onsen</i> or hot springs, the water contains minerals and many people do not rinse off the water from the skin, to increase exposure to the minerals. In a regular <i>sentō</i>, people usually rinse off at the faucets. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_Baths.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Japanese_Baths.jpg/250px-Japanese_Baths.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Japanese_Baths.jpg/330px-Japanese_Baths.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Japanese_Baths.jpg/500px-Japanese_Baths.jpg 2x" data-file-width="988" data-file-height="670" /></a><figcaption>1901 image of <i>sentō</i></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tattoos">Tattoos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tattoos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some public baths have signs refusing entry for people with tattoos. However, one may be allowed in if the tattoos are not too obvious. If one ventures to a public bathing place that is publicly owned, this should not present a problem as they have a duty to let all tax-paying citizens in. The original reason behind the ban was to keep out the <i><a href="/wiki/Yakuza" title="Yakuza">yakuza</a></i> (officially called the "violence groups" by the police).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sanitation">Sanitation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sanitation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Japanese public baths have experienced infrequent outbreaks of dangerous <i><a href="/wiki/Legionella" title="Legionella">Legionella</a></i> bacteria. In order to prevent such problems, the <i>sentō</i> union adds <a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">chlorine</a> to its baths. At the cost of higher levels of chlorine, bacteria outbreaks are practically non-existent at sentō facilities of today. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pricing">Pricing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Pricing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Modern_sento_at_Takayama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Modern_sento_at_Takayama.jpg/220px-Modern_sento_at_Takayama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Modern_sento_at_Takayama.jpg/330px-Modern_sento_at_Takayama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Modern_sento_at_Takayama.jpg/440px-Modern_sento_at_Takayama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5742" data-file-height="3828" /></a><figcaption>Interior of a modern sentō</figcaption></figure> <p>Rules and pricing are regulated per prefecture based on local committees. In 2022, basic admission for adults in Tokyo is ¥500.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citing a rise in oil prices, the price rose from ¥400 (2000–2006), to ¥430 (2006–2008) and again to ¥450 (2008–present).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The price for child admission was unchanged until 2022 when the price for 6- to 11-year-olds rose to ¥200 and that for younger children to ¥100.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Girls 13 years or younger and boys 8 or younger are usually permitted to enter the baths of either gender. In other prefectures, the cut-off age can be as high as 16 in Hokkaidō or as low as 5 in Hyōgo. </p><p>Most sentō in Tokyo also offer a premium service for which each facility sets its own price, usually around ¥1,000. This option is usually called a sauna since at least a sauna is included. At Civic Land Nissei, for example, the sauna option includes access to more than half the facilities available.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Larger-scale public bathing facilities are called super sentō and kenkō land, both more expensive than sentō, though super sentō offer a more modest price compared to kenkō. </p><p>At ¥300 per adult, the cheapest prefectures for sentō baths are Yamagata, Tokushima, Nagasaki, Ōita, and Miyazaki. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins of the Japanese sentō and the Japanese bathing culture, in general, can be traced to the Shinto ritual purification of <a href="/wiki/Kegare" title="Kegare">kegare</a>. This condition can be remedied through purification rites called <a href="/wiki/Misogi" title="Misogi">misogi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harae" title="Harae">harae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nara_period_to_Kamakura_period">Nara period to Kamakura period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Nara period to Kamakura period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baths in Japan were usually found in Buddhist temples. These baths were called <i>yuya</i> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%B9%AF" class="extiw" title="wikt:湯">湯</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%B1%8B" class="extiw" title="wikt:屋">屋</a>, lit. hot water shop), or later when they increased in size <i>ōyuya</i> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7" class="extiw" title="wikt:大">大</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%B9%AF" class="extiw" title="wikt:湯">湯</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%B1%8B" class="extiw" title="wikt:屋">屋</a>, lit. big hot water shop). These baths were most often steam baths (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E3%81%97%E9%A2%A8%E5%91%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:蒸し風呂">蒸し風呂</a>, <i>mushiburo</i>, lit. steam bath). While initially these baths were only used by priests, sick people gradually also gained access, until in the <a href="/wiki/Kamakura_period" title="Kamakura period">Kamakura period</a> (1185–1333) sick people were routinely allowed access to the bathhouse. Wealthy merchants and members of the upper class soon also included baths in their residences. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kamakura_period">Kamakura period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Kamakura period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first mentioning of a commercial bathhouse is in 1266 in the <i>Nichiren Goshoroku</i> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5" class="extiw" title="wikt:日">日</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%93%AE" class="extiw" title="wikt:蓮">蓮</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A1" class="extiw" title="wikt:御">御</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B8" class="extiw" title="wikt:書">書</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%8C%B2" class="extiw" title="wikt:録">録</a>). These mixed-sex bath houses were only vaguely similar to modern bathhouses. After entering the bath, there was a changing room called <i>datsuijo</i> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%84%B1" class="extiw" title="wikt:脱">脱</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A3" class="extiw" title="wikt:衣">衣</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A0%B4" class="extiw" title="wikt:場">場</a>). There the customer also received his/her ration of hot water, since there were no faucets in the actual bath. The entrance to the steam bath was only a very small opening with a height of about 80 cm, so that the heat did not escape. Due to the small opening, the lack of windows, and the thick steam, these baths were usually very dark, and customers often cleared their throats to signal their position to others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edo_period">Edo period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Edo period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kiyonaga_bathhouse_women-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Kiyonaga_bathhouse_women-2.jpg/270px-Kiyonaga_bathhouse_women-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Kiyonaga_bathhouse_women-2.jpg/405px-Kiyonaga_bathhouse_women-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Kiyonaga_bathhouse_women-2.jpg/540px-Kiyonaga_bathhouse_women-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9892" data-file-height="7451" /></a><figcaption><i>Onna yu</i> ("Bathhouse Women") by <a href="/wiki/Torii_Kiyonaga" title="Torii Kiyonaga">Torii Kiyonaga</a> (1752–1815)</figcaption></figure> <p>At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a> (1603–1867), there were two types of baths common to the <a href="/wiki/Kant%C5%8D_region" title="Kantō region">eastern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kansai" class="mw-redirect" title="Kansai">western</a> regions of Japan respectively. In Edo (present-day Tokyo), bathhouses contained sizable pools and were called <i>yuya</i> (湯屋, lit. hot water shop). In Osaka, however, bathing establishments were primarily steam baths called <i>mushiburo</i> (蒸し風呂, lit. steam bath) that had only shallow pools. </p><p>At the end of the Edo period, the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a> (1603–1868) at different times required baths to segregate by sex in order to ensure public moral standards. However, many bathhouse owners merely partitioned their baths with a small board, allowing some voyeurism to persist. Other baths avoided this problem by having men and women bathe at different times of day, or by catering to one gender exclusively. In spite of this, laws regarding mixed-sex bathing were soon relaxed again. </p><p>Contributing to the popularity of public baths in the Edo period were female bathing attendants were known as <i>yuna</i> (湯女, lit. hot water women). These attendants helped cleanse customers by scrubbing their backs. After official closing hours, however, a number of these women would perform additional services by <a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">selling sex</a> to male customers.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, some brothels in contemporary Japan have women who specialize in bathing with and cleansing male clientele. Such establishments are often called <i>sōpu rando</i> (ソープランド, <a href="/wiki/Soapland" class="mw-redirect" title="Soapland">soapland</a>). </p><p>As a preventive measure against prostitution, the Tokugawa shogunate stipulated that no more than three yuna serve at any given bathhouse. However, this rule was widely ignored, causing the shogunate to ban female attendants from bathhouses altogether and once again prohibit the practice of mixed-sex bathing. Large numbers of unemployed yuna thereafter moved to official red-light districts, where they could continue their services. Up until 1870, there were also male washing assistants called <i><a href="/wiki/Sansuke" title="Sansuke">sansuke</a></i> (三助, lit. three bits of help) who would wash and massage customers of both genders. Unlike the yuna, these male attendants were not known to engage in prostitution. </p><p>Mixed-sex bathing was prohibited once again after <a href="/wiki/Matthew_C._Perry" title="Matthew C. Perry">Commodore Perry</a> visited Japan in 1853 and 1854—drawing question to the morality of the practice. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meiji_period">Meiji period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Meiji period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BATH_IN_AN_AGRICULTURAL_SCHOOL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BATH_IN_AN_AGRICULTURAL_SCHOOL.jpg/250px-BATH_IN_AN_AGRICULTURAL_SCHOOL.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BATH_IN_AN_AGRICULTURAL_SCHOOL.jpg/500px-BATH_IN_AN_AGRICULTURAL_SCHOOL.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>Bathing in an Agricultural School in Japan around 1920</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji period</a> (1867–1912), the design of Japanese baths changed considerably. The narrow entrance to the bathing area was widened considerably to a regular-sized sliding door, the bathtubs were sunk partially in the floor so that they could be entered more easily, and the height of the ceiling of the bathhouse was then doubled. Since the bath now focused on hot water instead of steam, windows could be added, and the bathing area became much brighter. The only difference between these baths and the modern bath was the use of wood for the bathing area and the lack of faucets. </p><p>Furthermore, another law for segregated bathing was passed in 1890, allowing only children below the age of 8 to join a parent of the opposite sex. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rebuilding">Rebuilding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rebuilding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Taishō period">Taishō period</a> (1912–1926), tiles gradually replaced wooden floors and walls in new bathhouses. On September 1, 1923, the <a href="/wiki/1923_Great_Kant%C5%8D_earthquake" title="1923 Great Kantō earthquake">great Kantō earthquake</a> devastated <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>. The earthquake and the subsequent fire destroyed most baths in the Tokyo area. This accelerated the change from wooden baths to tiled baths, as almost all new bathhouses were now built in the new style using tiled bathing areas. At the end of the Taishō period, faucets also became more common, and this type of faucet can still be seen today. These faucets were called <i>karan</i> (カラン, after the Dutch word <i>kraan</i> for faucet). There were two faucets, one for hot water and one for cold water, and the customer mixed the water in their bucket according to their personal taste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Golden_era">Golden era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Golden era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TsubameYuOnsenEntrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/TsubameYuOnsenEntrance.jpg/220px-TsubameYuOnsenEntrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/TsubameYuOnsenEntrance.jpg/330px-TsubameYuOnsenEntrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/TsubameYuOnsenEntrance.jpg/440px-TsubameYuOnsenEntrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Entrance of a typical <i>sentō</i> in Tokyo</figcaption></figure> <p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> (for Japan, 1941–1945), many Japanese cities were damaged. Subsequently, most bathhouses were destroyed along with the cities. The lack of baths caused the reappearance of communal bathing and temporary baths were constructed with the available material, often lacking a roof. Furthermore, as most houses were damaged or destroyed, few people had access to a private bath, resulting in a great increase in customers for the bathhouses. New buildings in the post-war period also often lacked baths or showers, leading to a strong increase in the number of public baths. In 1965, many baths also added showerheads to the faucets in baths. The number of public baths in Japan peaked around 1970. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline">Decline</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Decline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Juraku-sento-osaka_Patrick_M_Lydon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Juraku-sento-osaka_Patrick_M_Lydon.jpg/250px-Juraku-sento-osaka_Patrick_M_Lydon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Juraku-sento-osaka_Patrick_M_Lydon.jpg/330px-Juraku-sento-osaka_Patrick_M_Lydon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Juraku-sento-osaka_Patrick_M_Lydon.jpg/500px-Juraku-sento-osaka_Patrick_M_Lydon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="982" /></a><figcaption>A group of young men walk past a typical community bath in the Kitakagaya neighborhood of Osaka, Japan.</figcaption></figure> <p>Immediately after World War II, resources were scarce and few homeowners had access to a private bath. Private baths began to be more common around 1970, and most new buildings included a bath and shower unit for every apartment. Easy access to private baths led to a decline in customers for public bathhouses, and subsequently, the number of bathhouses is decreasing. Some Japanese young people today are <a href="/wiki/Embarrassment" title="Embarrassment">embarrassed</a> to be seen naked and avoid public baths for this reason. Some<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (October 2010)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> Japanese are concerned that without the "<a href="/wiki/Skinship" class="mw-redirect" title="Skinship">skinship</a>" of mutual nakedness, children will not be properly socialized. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Future">Future</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Future"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the traditional <i>sentō</i> is in decline, many bathhouse operators have adjusted to the new taste of the public and are offering a wide variety of experiences. Some bathhouses emphasize their tradition and run traditionally-designed bathhouses to appeal to clientele seeking lost Japan. These bathhouses are also often located in scenic areas and may include an open-air bath. Some also try drilling in order to gain access to a hot spring, turning a regular bathhouse into a more prestigious <i>onsen</i>. </p><p>Other bathhouses with less pristine buildings or settings change into so-called super <i>sentō</i> and try to offer a wider variety of services beyond the standard two or three bathtubs. They may include a variety of <a href="/wiki/Sauna" title="Sauna">saunas</a>, reintroduce steam baths, include <a href="/wiki/Jacuzzi" title="Jacuzzi">jacuzzis</a> and may even have a water slide. They may also offer services beyond mere cleansing, and turn into a <a href="/wiki/Day_spa" title="Day spa">spa</a>, offering medical baths, massages, <a href="/wiki/Mud_bath" title="Mud bath">mud baths</a>, fitness centers, etc., as for example the <i>Spa LaQua</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Dome_City" title="Tokyo Dome City">Tokyo Dome City</a> entertainment complex. There are also entire bathhouse-themed parks, including restaurants, <a href="/wiki/Karaoke" title="Karaoke">karaoke</a> and other entertainment, for example the <i>Ōedo Onsen Monogatari</i> (大江戸温泉物語, Big Edo Hot Spring Story) in <a href="/wiki/Odaiba" title="Odaiba">Odaiba</a>, Tokyo. (Note: The <i>Ōedo Onsen Monogatari</i> is not a <i>sentō</i>.) Some of these modern facilities may require <a href="/wiki/Swimsuit" title="Swimsuit">swimsuits</a> and are similar in size and function to an <a href="/wiki/Indoor_water_park" title="Indoor water park">indoor water park</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sento" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sento">Sento</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furo" title="Furo">Furo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jjimjilbang" title="Jjimjilbang">Jjimjilbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikveh" title="Mikveh">Mikveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_hot_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese hot springs">Taiwanese hot springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edo-Tokyo_Open_Air_Architectural_Museum" title="Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum">Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hot_springs_in_Japan" title="List of hot springs in Japan">Hot springs in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">Onsen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOrganization" class="citation web cs1">Organization, Japan National Tourism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japan.travel/en/guide/japanese-bathhouses/">"Japanese Bathhouses | Guide | Travel Japan - Japan National Tourism Organization (Official Site)"</a>. <i>Travel Japan</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sento+Art%3A+Public+Bath+House+Paintings+%26%23124%3B+PingMag+%3A+Art%2C+Design%2C+Life+%E2%80%93+from+Japan&rft.pub=Pingmag.jp&rft.au=Ryoko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpingmag.jp%2F2007%2F06%2F28%2Fpublic-bath-painter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.1010.or.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/th_C5-3-%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%83%9D%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC.jpg">"Please enjoy Japanese public bath"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPEG)</span>. 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Before you go in..."</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPEG)</span>. Tokyo Sento Association<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Look%21+Before+you+go+in...&rft.pub=Tokyo+Sento+Association&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.1010.or.jp%2Fwp%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F03%2Fth_C5-3-%25E6%259D%25B1%25E6%25B5%25B4%25E3%2583%259E%25E3%2583%258A%25E3%2583%25BC%25E3%2583%2581%25E3%2583%25A9%25E3%2582%25B7%25E8%258B%25B1%25E3%2583%25BB%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E3%2583%25BB%25E9%259F%2593.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1010.or.jp/inbound/tokyo_sento_guide_book.pdf">"Tokyo Sento Guide Book"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Tokyo Sento Association. 2019-11-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tokyo+Sento+Guide+Book&rft.pub=Tokyo+Sento+Association&rft.date=2019-11-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1010.or.jp%2Finbound%2Ftokyo_sento_guide_book.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://experience-suginami.tokyo/2017/11/how-to-use-the-sento/">"experience SUGINAMI"</a>. <i>experience-suginami.tokyo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=experience-suginami.tokyo&rft.atitle=experience+SUGINAMI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexperience-suginami.tokyo%2F2017%2F11%2Fhow-to-use-the-sento%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://japan-onsen.com/japan_onsen.htm#onsen_warnings">"Onsen Warnings and Hassles"</a>. Japan-onsen.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Onsen+Warnings+and+Hassles&rft.pub=Japan-onsen.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjapan-onsen.com%2Fjapan_onsen.htm%23onsen_warnings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.1010.or.jp/guide/%e5%85%a5%e6%b5%b4%e6%96%99%e9%87%91%e3%81%ae%e3%81%8a%e7%9f%a5%e3%82%89%e3%81%9b/">"入浴料金のお知らせ"</a> (in Japanese). 2022-07-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%85%A5%E6%B5%B4%E6%96%99%E9%87%91%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8A%E7%9F%A5%E3%82%89%E3%81%9B&rft.date=2022-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.1010.or.jp%2Fguide%2F%25e5%2585%25a5%25e6%25b5%25b4%25e6%2596%2599%25e9%2587%2591%25e3%2581%25ae%25e3%2581%258a%25e7%259f%25a5%25e3%2582%2589%25e3%2581%259b%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d.hatena.ne.jp/heimin/20060510/p1">"都内の銭湯４３０円に−原油高騰で６年ぶり値上げ - 平民新聞"</a>. D.hatena.ne.jp. 2006-05-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%83%BD%E5%86%85%E3%81%AE%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%EF%BC%94%EF%BC%93%EF%BC%90%E5%86%86%E3%81%AB%E2%88%92%E5%8E%9F%E6%B2%B9%E9%AB%98%E9%A8%B0%E3%81%A7%EF%BC%96%E5%B9%B4%E3%81%B6%E3%82%8A%E5%80%A4%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%92+-+%E5%B9%B3%E6%B0%91%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E&rft.pub=D.hatena.ne.jp&rft.date=2006-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fd.hatena.ne.jp%2Fheimin%2F20060510%2Fp1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikkeibp.co.jp/news/biz08q2/573522/">"東京都内の銭湯、入浴料金が450円に20円の値上げ"</a>. <i>nikkeibp.co.jp</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nikkeibp.co.jp&rft.atitle=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E9%83%BD%E5%86%85%E3%81%AE%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%80%81%E5%85%A5%E6%B5%B4%E6%96%99%E9%87%91%E3%81%8C450%E5%86%86%E3%81%AB20%E5%86%86%E3%81%AE%E5%80%A4%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%92&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikkeibp.co.jp%2Fnews%2Fbiz08q2%2F573522%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.1010.or.jp/guide/%e9%83%bd%e5%86%85%e5%85%a5%e6%b5%b4%e6%96%99%e9%87%91%e3%81%ae%e6%8e%a8%e7%a7%bb/">"都内入浴料金の推移"</a> (in Japanese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%83%BD%E5%86%85%E5%85%A5%E6%B5%B4%E6%96%99%E9%87%91%E3%81%AE%E6%8E%A8%E7%A7%BB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.1010.or.jp%2Fguide%2F%25e9%2583%25bd%25e5%2586%2585%25e5%2585%25a5%25e6%25b5%25b4%25e6%2596%2599%25e9%2587%2591%25e3%2581%25ae%25e6%258e%25a8%25e7%25a7%25bb%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.supersento.com/kanto/tokyo/shibikku.html">"シビックランド日成 (Civic Land Nissei)"</a>. Supersento.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E3%82%B7%E3%83%93%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E6%97%A5%E6%88%90+%28Civic+Land+Nissei%29&rft.pub=Supersento.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.supersento.com%2Fkanto%2Ftokyo%2Fshibikku.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTerry2013" class="citation book cs1">Terry, Milton Spenser (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1191736966"><i>The Shinto Cult: A Christian Study of the Ancient Religion of Japan</i></a>. Project Gutenberg. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1191736966">1191736966</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Shinto+Cult%3A+A+Christian+Study+of+the+Ancient+Religion+of+Japan&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1191736966&rft.aulast=Terry&rft.aufirst=Milton+Spenser&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1191736966&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKasulis2004" class="citation book cs1">Kasulis, Thomas P (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/books/9780824864309/"><i>Shinto: the way home</i></a>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-6430-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-6430-9"><bdi>978-0-8248-6430-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1126183663">1126183663</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shinto%3A+the+way+home&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1126183663&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-6430-9&rft.aulast=Kasulis&rft.aufirst=Thomas+P&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Fbooks%2F9780824864309%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.excite.co.jp/news/article/BestTimes_8132/">"人気は吉原以上！江戸で激増した性的サービスを行う銭湯「湯女風呂」 (2018年1月24日)"</a>. <i>エキサイトニュース</i> (in Japanese). 24 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E3%82%A8%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9&rft.atitle=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%97%E3%81%AF%E5%90%89%E5%8E%9F%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%EF%BC%81+%E6%B1%9F%E6%88%B8%E3%81%A7%E6%BF%80%E5%A2%97%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9%E3%82%92%E8%A1%8C%E3%81%86%E9%8A%AD%E6%B9%AF%E3%80%8C%E6%B9%AF%E5%A5%B3%E9%A2%A8%E5%91%82%E3%80%8D+%282018%E5%B9%B41%E6%9C%8824%E6%97%A5%29&rft.date=2018-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.excite.co.jp%2Fnews%2Farticle%2FBestTimes_8132%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASent%C5%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Aaland, Mikkel. <i>Sweat: The Illustrated History and Description of the Finnish Sauna, Russian Bania, Islamic Hammam, Japanese Mushi-Buro, Mexican Temescal, and American Indian & Eskimo Sweat Lodge</i>. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Capra Press, 1978. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88496-124-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-88496-124-9">0-88496-124-9</a>. <ul><li>(Reprint) San Bernardino, Calif.: Borgo Press, 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8095-4023-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8095-4023-1">0-8095-4023-1</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>Brue, Alexia. <i>Cathedrals of the Flesh: In Search of the Perfect Bath</i>. New York: Bloomsbury USA, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58234-116-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-58234-116-8">1-58234-116-8</a>.</li> <li>Clark, Scott. <i>Japan, a View from the Bath</i>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-1657-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-1657-9">0-8248-1657-9</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Koren" title="Leonard Koren">Koren, Leonard</a>. <i>How to Take a Japanese Bath</i>. Berkeley, Calif.: Stone Bridge Press, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9628137-9-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-9628137-9-6">0-9628137-9-6</a>.</li> <li>Smith, Bruce, and Yoshiko Yamamoto. <i>The Japanese Bath</i>. Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith, Publisher, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58685-027-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-58685-027-X">1-58685-027-X</a>.</li> <li>Talmadge, Eric. <i>Getting Wet: Adventures in the Japanese Bath</i>. Tokyo; New York: Kodansha International, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-7700-3020-7" title="Special:BookSources/4-7700-3020-7">4-7700-3020-7</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sent%C5%8D&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sentoguide.info">Sento Guide</a>—Guide to public baths in Japan</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://japanbaths.info">Japan Baths</a>—Public bathhouses in Japan</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onsenjapan.net">www.OnsenJapan.net</a>—Interactive Google map of Japanese baths with easy-to-read icons, pictures, and reviews</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunnypages.jp/search/traditional_tokyo/sento_public_bath">Search for Sento (Public Bath)</a>—Tokyo Travel Guide, Sunnypages.jp</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.supersento.com">Super Sento Guide</a>—Guide to super sento in Japan</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.o-2.jp/navi/index.cgi?c=list&cate_1=2&cate_2=34">OTA Navi</a>—Ota Tourist Association</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_architectural_elements" title="Template:Japanese architectural elements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_architectural_elements" title="Template talk:Japanese architectural elements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_architectural_elements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese architectural elements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Elements_of_Japanese_architecture385" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Elements of <a href="/wiki/Japanese_architecture" title="Japanese architecture">Japanese architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Secular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Azekurazukuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Azekurazukuri">Azekura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buke-zukuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Buke-zukuri">Buke</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gassho-zukuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Gassho-zukuri">Gassho</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giy%C5%8Df%C5%AB_architecture" title="Giyōfū architecture">Giyōfū</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hirairi" title="Hirairi">Hirairi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Crown_Style" title="Imperial Crown Style">Imperial Crown Style</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jutaku" title="Jutaku">Jutaku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omoya" title="Omoya">Omoya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinden-zukuri" title="Shinden-zukuri">Shinden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoin-zukuri" title="Shoin-zukuri">Shoin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sukiya-zukuri" title="Sukiya-zukuri">Sukiya</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shinto_architecture" title="Shinto architecture">Shinto</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Azekura" class="mw-redirect" title="Azekura">Azekura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hachiman-zukuri" title="Hachiman-zukuri">Hachiman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hiyoshi-zukuri" title="Hiyoshi-zukuri">Hiyoshi (<i>Hie</i>)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irimoya" class="mw-redirect" title="Irimoya">Irimoya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ishi-no-ma-zukuri" title="Ishi-no-ma-zukuri">Ishi-no-ma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kasuga-zukuri" title="Kasuga-zukuri">Kasuga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kibitsu-zukuri" title="Kibitsu-zukuri">Kibitsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nagare-zukuri" title="Nagare-zukuri">Nagare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinmei-zukuri" title="Shinmei-zukuri">Shinmei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sumiyoshi-zukuri" title="Sumiyoshi-zukuri">Sumiyoshi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taisha-zukuri" title="Taisha-zukuri">Taisha</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Buddhist_architecture" title="Japanese Buddhist architecture">Buddhist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Daibutsuy%C5%8D" title="Daibutsuyō">Daibutsuyō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cbaku_Zen_architecture" title="Ōbaku Zen architecture">Ōbaku Zen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Setch%C5%ABy%C5%8D" title="Setchūyō">Setchūyō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Way%C5%8D" title="Wayō">Wayō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zensh%C5%ABy%C5%8D" title="Zenshūyō">Zenshūyō</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;background:whitesmoke;padding:0 1.0em 0 2.0em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Himeji_model7.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Model of Himeji Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Himeji_model7.JPG/150px-Himeji_model7.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Himeji_model7.JPG/225px-Himeji_model7.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Himeji_model7.JPG/300px-Himeji_model7.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1680" data-file-height="2240" /></a></span><br />Model of <a href="/wiki/Himeji_Castle" title="Himeji Castle">Himeji Castle</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of building</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Secular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_castle" title="Japanese castle">Castle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chashitsu" title="Chashitsu">Chashitsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kura_(storehouse)" title="Kura (storehouse)">Kura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Machiya" title="Machiya">Machiya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minka" title="Minka">Minka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yagura_(tower)" title="Yagura (tower)">Yagura</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shinto_architecture" title="Shinto architecture">Shinto</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Haiden_(Shinto)" title="Haiden (Shinto)">Haiden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heiden_(Shinto)" title="Heiden (Shinto)">Heiden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hokora" title="Hokora">Hokora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Honden" title="Honden">Honden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kofun" title="Kofun">Kofun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Setsumatsusha" title="Setsumatsusha">Setsumatsusha</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto_shrine" title="Shinto shrine">Shinto shrine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">Torii</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Buddhist_architecture" title="Japanese Buddhist architecture">Buddhist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Butsuden" class="mw-redirect" title="Butsuden">Butsuden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C5%8D_(architecture)" title="Dō (architecture)">Dō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dky%C5%8Dint%C5%8D" title="Hōkyōintō">Hōkyōintō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dz%C5%8D" title="Kyōzō">Kyōzō</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Hall_(Japanese_Buddhism)" title="Main Hall (Japanese Buddhism)">Main Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_pagoda" title="Japanese pagoda">Pagoda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shichid%C5%8D_garan" title="Shichidō garan">Shichidō garan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dr%C5%8D" title="Shōrō">Shōrō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tah%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Tahōtō">Tahōtō</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roof styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_roof" title="Hidden roof">Hidden</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irimoya" class="mw-redirect" title="Irimoya">Irimoya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karahafu" title="Karahafu">Karahafu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mokoshi" title="Mokoshi">Mokoshi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structural and spatial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burdock_piling" title="Burdock piling">Burdock piling</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chigi_(architecture)" title="Chigi (architecture)">Chigi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disordered_piling" title="Disordered piling">Disordered piling</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Engawa" title="Engawa">Engawa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hisashi_(architecture)" title="Hisashi (architecture)">Hisashi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irimoya" class="mw-redirect" title="Irimoya">Irimoya-zukuri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Irori" title="Irori">Irori</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8Dmado" title="Katōmado">Katōmado</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Katsuogi" title="Katsuogi">Katsuogi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuruwa" title="Kuruwa">Kuruwa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moya_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moya (architecture)">Moya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nakazonae" title="Nakazonae">Nakazonae</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namako_wall" title="Namako wall"><i>Namako</i> wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightingale_floor" title="Nightingale floor">Nightingale floor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Onigawara" title="Onigawara">Onigawara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ranma_(architectural)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranma (architectural)">Ranma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Drin" title="Sōrin">Sōrin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tamagaki" title="Tamagaki">Tamagaki</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tatami" title="Tatami">Tatami</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tenshu" title="Tenshu">Tenshu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tokonoma" title="Tokonoma">Tokonoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toky%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyō">Tokyō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsumairi" title="Tsumairi">Tsumairi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shibi_(roof_tile)" title="Shibi (roof tile)">Shibi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Gates</li><li>Approaches</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Genkan" title="Genkan">Genkan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kair%C5%8D" title="Kairō">Kairō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karamon" title="Karamon">Karamon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mon_(architecture)" title="Mon (architecture)">Mon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nij%C5%ABmon" title="Nijūmon">Nijūmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%8Dmon" title="Niōmon">Niōmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmon" title="Rōmon">Rōmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sand%C5%8D" title="Sandō">Sandō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sanmon" title="Sanmon">Sanmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dmon" title="Sōmon">Sōmon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Torii" title="Torii">Torii</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Mihashira_Torii" title="Mihashira Torii">Mihashira</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rooms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chashitsu" title="Chashitsu">Chashitsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_kitchen" title="Japanese kitchen">Daidokoro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mizuya" title="Mizuya">Mizuya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nando_(architecture)" title="Nando (architecture)">Nando</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoin" title="Shoin">Shoin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toilets_in_Japan" title="Toilets in Japan">Toilets</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washitsu" title="Washitsu">Washitsu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Furnishings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Butsudan" title="Butsudan">Butsudan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chabudai" title="Chabudai">Chabudai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emakimono" title="Emakimono">Emakimono</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Furo" title="Furo">Furo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Futon" title="Futon">Futon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Getabako" title="Getabako">Getabako</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamado" title="Kamado">Kamado</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamidana" title="Kamidana">Kamidana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kotatsu" title="Kotatsu">Kotatsu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mitamaya" title="Mitamaya">Mitamaya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oshiire" title="Oshiire">Oshiire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tansu" title="Tansu">Tansu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabuton" title="Zabuton">Zabuton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zafu" title="Zafu">Zafu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_partition_furniture_of_traditional_Japanese_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="List of partition furniture of traditional Japanese architecture">Partitions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/By%C5%8Dbu" title="Byōbu">Byōbu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fusuma" title="Fusuma">Fusuma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jinmaku" title="Jinmaku">Jinmaku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kich%C5%8D" title="Kichō">Kichō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noren" title="Noren">Noren</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shitomi" title="Shitomi">Shitomi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoji" title="Shoji">Shōji</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Washi" title="Washi">washi</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sudare" title="Sudare">Sudare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsuitate" title="Tsuitate">Tsuitate</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outdoor objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dzuya" title="Chōzuya">Chōzuya (Temizuya)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giboshi" title="Giboshi">Giboshi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shigandang" title="Shigandang">Ishigantō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Komainu" title="Komainu">Komainu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dr%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Tōrō">Tōrō</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_units_of_measurement" title="Japanese units of measurement">Measurements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ken_(unit)" title="Ken (unit)">Ken</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koku" title="Koku">Koku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Li_(unit)" title="Li (unit)">Ri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shaku_(unit)" title="Shaku (unit)">Shaku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cun_(unit)" title="Cun (unit)">Sun</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_Institute_of_Japan" title="Architectural Institute of Japan">Architectural Institute of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Institute_of_Architects" title="Japan Institute of Architects">Japan Institute of Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabolist_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Metabolist Movement">Metabolist Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groups_of_Traditional_Buildings" title="Groups of Traditional Buildings">Groups of Traditional Buildings</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iki_(aesthetics)" title="Iki (aesthetics)">Iki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_garden" title="Japanese garden">Japanese garden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese rock garden">rock (Zen)</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kumiko_(woodworking)" title="Kumiko (woodworking)">Kumiko</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ryokan_(inn)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryokan (inn)">Ryokan</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sentō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wabi-sabi" title="Wabi-sabi">Wabi-sabi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yabo" title="Yabo">Yabo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_National_Treasures_of_Japan" title="Lists of National Treasures of Japan">National Treasures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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