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class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_Rod" title="Hot Rod – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hot Rod" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%AB_%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%9C" title="핫 로드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="핫 로드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%89" title="ホットロッド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホットロッド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82-%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Хот-род – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хот-род" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hot rod" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_Rod" title="Hot Rod – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hot Rod" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American car with a large engine modified for linear speed</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hot_rod_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Hot rod (disambiguation)">Hot rod (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Street rod" redirects here. For the 1989 video game, see <a href="/wiki/Street_Rod" title="Street Rod">Street Rod</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">muscle car</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ThreeWindowCoupeHotrod6791.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/ThreeWindowCoupeHotrod6791.jpg/220px-ThreeWindowCoupeHotrod6791.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/ThreeWindowCoupeHotrod6791.jpg/330px-ThreeWindowCoupeHotrod6791.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/ThreeWindowCoupeHotrod6791.jpg/440px-ThreeWindowCoupeHotrod6791.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1625" data-file-height="1358" /></a><figcaption>3-window highboy <a href="/wiki/1932_Ford" title="1932 Ford">Deuce</a> coupé with a traditional chop—dropped <a href="/wiki/Front_axle" class="mw-redirect" title="Front axle">front axle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidepipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Sidepipe">sidepipes</a>, bugcatcher scoop (with Mooneyes cover) over dual quads on a <a href="/wiki/Tunnel_ram" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunnel ram">tunnel ram</a>—as well as less-traditional <a href="/wiki/Shaved_doors" title="Shaved doors">shaved</a> door handles and disc brakes</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:T_Bucket_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/T_Bucket_001.JPG/220px-T_Bucket_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/T_Bucket_001.JPG/330px-T_Bucket_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/T_Bucket_001.JPG/440px-T_Bucket_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A 1923 Ford <a href="/wiki/T-bucket" title="T-bucket">T-bucket</a> in the traditional style with lake headers, dog dish hubcaps, dropped "I" beam axle, narrow rubber, and single 4-barrel, but non-traditional disc brakes</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:T-Bucket.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/T-Bucket.jpg/220px-T-Bucket.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/T-Bucket.jpg/330px-T-Bucket.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/T-Bucket.jpg/440px-T-Bucket.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="373" /></a><figcaption>T-bucket with <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_FirePower_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler FirePower engine">early hemi</a>, but aluminum radiator (rather than brass), rectangular headlights, and five-spokes (rather than motorcycle wheels) mark this as a later incarnation.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%2734_3-window_flame_job.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%2734_3-window_flame_job.JPG/220px-%2734_3-window_flame_job.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%2734_3-window_flame_job.JPG/330px-%2734_3-window_flame_job.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%2734_3-window_flame_job.JPG/440px-%2734_3-window_flame_job.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2747" data-file-height="1719" /></a><figcaption>1932 3-window with a classic-style<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> flame job and <a href="/wiki/Dean_Moon" title="Dean Moon">Moon</a> tank, reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Pete_Chapouris" title="Pete Chapouris">Chapouris</a>' <a href="/wiki/The_California_Kid_(custom_car)" title="The California Kid (custom car)"><i>California Kid</i></a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Hot rods</b> are typically American cars that might be old, classic, or modern and that have been rebuilt or modified with large engines optimized for speed and acceleration.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One definition is: "a car that's been stripped down, souped up and made to go much faster."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is no definition of the term that is universally accepted and the term is attached to a wide range of vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most often they are individually designed and constructed using components from many makes of old or new cars, and are most prevalent in the United States and Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many are intended for exhibition rather than for racing or everyday driving.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The origin of the term "hot rod" is unclear. Some say that the term "hot" refers to the vehicle's being stolen. Other origin stories include replacing the engine's <a href="/wiki/Camshaft" title="Camshaft">camshaft</a> or "rod" with a higher performance version. According to the Hot Rod Industry Alliance (HRIA), the term changes in meaning over the years, but "hot rodding has less to do with the vehicle and more to do with an attitude and lifestyle".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, hot rods were favorites for <a href="/wiki/Greaser_(subculture)" title="Greaser (subculture)">greasers</a>. </p><p>The term has broadened to apply to other items that are modified for a particular purpose, such as "hot-rodded <a href="/wiki/Amplifier" title="Amplifier">amplifier</a>". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are various theories about the origin of the term "hot rod". The common theme is that "hot" related to "hotting up" a car, which means modifying it for greater performance. With regards to the word "rod", one theory is that it means <a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">roadster</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-www.autoevolution.com_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.autoevolution.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a lightweight 2-door car which was often used as the basis for early hot rods. Another theory is that "rod" refers to <a href="/wiki/Camshaft" title="Camshaft">camshaft</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-www.hopupmag.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.hopupmag.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a part of the engine which was often upgraded in order to increase power output. </p><p>In the early days, a car modified for increased performance was called a "gow job". This term morphed into the hot rod in the early to late 1940s.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "hot rod" has had various uses in relation to performance cars. For example, the Ontario Ministry of the Environment in its vehicle emissions regulations refers to a hot rod as any motorized vehicle that has a replacement engine differing from the factory original.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1920s_to_1945">1920s to 1945</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1920s to 1945"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The forerunners to the hotrod were the modified cars used in the <a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_United_States" title="Prohibition in the United States">Prohibition era</a> by <a href="/wiki/Rum-running" title="Rum-running">bootleggers</a> to evade <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">revenue agents</a> and other law enforcement.<sup id="cite_ref-www.hopupmag.com_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.hopupmag.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hot rods first appeared in the late 1930s in southern <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, where people raced modified cars on dry lake beds northeast of <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, under the rules of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_California_Timing_Association" title="Southern California Timing Association">Southern California Timing Association</a> (SCTA), among other groups. This gained popularity after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, particularly in California, because many returning soldiers had received technical training.<sup id="cite_ref-www.hopupmag.com_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.hopupmag.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-www.autoevolution.com_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.autoevolution.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first hot rods were old cars (most often <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Fords</a>, typically 1910s-1920s <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_T" title="Ford Model T">Model Ts</a>, 1928–31 <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_A_(1927%E2%80%931931)" title="Ford Model A (1927–1931)">Model As</a>, or 1932-34 <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_B_(1932)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Model B (1932)">Model Bs</a>), modified to reduce weight. Engine swaps often involved fitting the <a href="/wiki/Ford_flathead_V8_engine" title="Ford flathead V8 engine">Ford flathead V8 engine</a> (known as the "flatty") into a different car, for example, the common practice<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in the 1940s of installing the <a href="/wiki/Ford_flathead_V8_engine#136" title="Ford flathead V8 engine">"60 horse"</a> version into a <a href="/wiki/Jeep" title="Jeep">Jeep</a> chassis. </p><p>Typical modifications were removal of <a href="/wiki/Convertible_(car)#Folding_textile_roof" class="mw-redirect" title="Convertible (car)">convertible tops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hood_(vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hood (vehicle)">hoods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bumper_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bumper (automobile)">bumpers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windshield" title="Windshield">windshields</a>, and/or <a href="/wiki/Fender_(vehicle)" title="Fender (vehicle)">fenders</a>; <a href="/wiki/Chopped_and_channeled#Channeling" class="mw-redirect" title="Chopped and channeled">channeling</a> the body; and modifying the <a href="/wiki/Engine" title="Engine">engine</a> by <a href="/wiki/Engine_tuning" title="Engine tuning">tuning</a> and/or replacing with a more powerful type. <a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">Wheels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">tires</a> were changed for improved <a href="/wiki/Traction_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Traction (engineering)">traction</a> and handling. Hot rods built before 1945 commonly used '35 Ford <a href="/wiki/Wire-spoke_wheels" class="mw-redirect" title="Wire-spoke wheels">wire-spoke wheels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1945_to_1960">1945 to 1960</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1945 to 1960"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hotrod.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hotrod.jpg/220px-Hotrod.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hotrod.jpg/330px-Hotrod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hotrod.jpg/440px-Hotrod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ford_Popular" title="Ford Popular">Ford Popular</a> ( also known as an Anglia ) 2 door sedan.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RoverHotRod.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/RoverHotRod.jpg/220px-RoverHotRod.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/RoverHotRod.jpg/330px-RoverHotRod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/RoverHotRod.jpg/440px-RoverHotRod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Hot-rodded prewar British <a href="/wiki/Rover_10" title="Rover 10">Rover 10</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, many small military airports throughout the country were either abandoned or rarely used, allowing hot rodders across the country to race on marked courses. Originally, <a href="/wiki/Drag_racing" title="Drag racing">drag racing</a> had tracks as long as 1 mi (1.6 km) or more, and included up to four lanes of racing simultaneously. As some hot rodders also raced on the street, a need arose for an organization to promote safety, and to provide venues for safe racing. The <a href="/wiki/NHRA" class="mw-redirect" title="NHRA">National Hot Rod Association</a> was founded in 1951, to take drag racing off the streets and into controlled environments.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the '50s and '60s, the Ford flathead V8 was supplanted by the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_FirePower_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler FirePower engine">Chrysler FirePower engine</a> (known as the "early hemi"). Many hot rods would upgrade the brakes from mechanical to hydraulic ("juice") and headlights from bulb to sealed-beam.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A typical mid-1950s to early 1960s custom <a href="/wiki/1932_Ford#Deuce_coupe" title="1932 Ford">Deuce</a> was fenderless and steeply chopped, powered by a Ford or Mercury flathead,<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with an <a href="/wiki/Edelbrock" title="Edelbrock">Edelbrock</a> <a href="/wiki/Intake_manifold" class="mw-redirect" title="Intake manifold">intake manifold</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harman_and_Collins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harman and Collins (page does not exist)">Harman and Collins</a> <a href="/wiki/Magneto" title="Magneto">magneto</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Halibrand" title="Halibrand">Halibrand</a> quick-change <a href="/wiki/Differential_(mechanical_device)" title="Differential (mechanical device)">differential</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Front suspension hairpins were adapted from <a href="/wiki/Sprint_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Sprint car">sprint cars</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Kurtis_Kraft" title="Kurtis Kraft">Kurtis Krafts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As hot rodding became more popular, magazines and associations catering to hot rodders were started, such as the magazine <a href="/wiki/Hot_Rod_(magazine)" title="Hot Rod (magazine)"><i>Hot Rod</i></a>, founded in 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960_to_present">1960 to present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1960 to present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As automobiles offered by the major automakers began increasing performance, the lure of hot rods began to wane.<sup id="cite_ref-www.hopupmag.com_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.hopupmag.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">muscle car</a>, it was now possible to purchase a high-performance car straight from the showroom.<sup id="cite_ref-www.autoevolution.com_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.autoevolution.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the <a href="/wiki/1973_Oil_Crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="1973 Oil Crisis">1973 Oil Crisis</a> caused car manufacturers to focus on fuel efficiency over performance, which led to a resurgence of interest in hot rodding.<sup id="cite_ref-www.hopupmag.com_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.hopupmag.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the focus shifted away from racing, the modified cars became known as "street rods". The <a href="/wiki/National_Street_Rod_Association" title="National Street Rod Association">National Street Rod Association</a> (NSRA) was formed and began hosting events. </p><p>By the 1970s, the 350 cu in (5.7 L) <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_small-block_engine" title="Chevrolet small-block engine">small-block Chevy V8</a> was the most common choice of engine for hot rods.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another popular engine choice is the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Windsor_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Windsor engine">Ford Windsor engine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1980s, many car manufacturers were reducing the <a href="/wiki/Engine_displacement" title="Engine displacement">displacements</a> of their engines, thus making it harder for hot rod builders to obtain large displacement engines. Instead, engine builders had to modify the smaller engines (such as using non-standard <a href="/wiki/Crankshaft" title="Crankshaft">crankshafts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Piston" title="Piston">pistons</a>) to obtain larger displacement. While current production V8s tended to be the most frequent candidates, this also applied to others. In the mid-1980s, as stock engine sizes diminished, rodders discovered the 215 cu in (3.5 L) aluminum-block <a href="/wiki/Buick_V8_engine#215" title="Buick V8 engine">Buick or Oldsmobile V8</a> could be modified for substantially greater displacement, with mainly wrecking yard parts.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This trend was not limited to American cars; Volkswagen enthusiasts similarly stretched stock 1600cc engines to over two liters.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_modern_culture">In modern culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In modern culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%2736_Chevrolet_Street_Rod_(Rigaud).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/%2736_Chevrolet_Street_Rod_%28Rigaud%29.jpg/220px-%2736_Chevrolet_Street_Rod_%28Rigaud%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/%2736_Chevrolet_Street_Rod_%28Rigaud%29.jpg/330px-%2736_Chevrolet_Street_Rod_%28Rigaud%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/%2736_Chevrolet_Street_Rod_%28Rigaud%29.jpg/440px-%2736_Chevrolet_Street_Rod_%28Rigaud%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2028" data-file-height="1466" /></a><figcaption>1936 Chevrolet 4 door sedan street rod</figcaption></figure> <p>The hot rod community has now been subdivided into two main groups: street rodders and hot rodders.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lifestyle">Lifestyle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Lifestyle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hot_rod" title="Special:EditPage/Hot rod">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There is a contemporary movement of traditional hot rod builders, car clubs and artists who have returned to the roots of hot rodding as a lifestyle. This includes a new breed of traditional hot rod builders, artists, and styles, as well as classic style car clubs. Events like <a href="/w/index.php?title=GreaseOrama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GreaseOrama (page does not exist)">GreaseOrama</a> feature traditional hot rods and the <a href="/wiki/Greaser_(subculture)" title="Greaser (subculture)">greaser</a> lifestyle. Magazines like <i><a href="/wiki/Ol%27_Skool_Rodz" title="Ol' Skool Rodz">Ol' Skool Rodz</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gears_and_Gals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gears and Gals (page does not exist)">Gears and Gals</a></i>, and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rat-Rods_and_Rust_Queens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rat-Rods and Rust Queens (page does not exist)">Rat-Rods and Rust Queens</a></i> cover events and people.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hot_rod" title="Special:EditPage/Hot rod">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are magazines that feature traditional hot rods, including <a href="/wiki/Hot_Rod_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Rod Magazine"><i>Hot Rod</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Car_Craft" title="Car Craft">Car Craft</a></i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rod_and_Custom_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rod and Custom Magazine (page does not exist)"><i>Rod and Custom</i></a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Popular_Hot_Rodding" title="Popular Hot Rodding">Popular Hot Rodding</a></i>. There are also television shows such as <i><a href="/wiki/My_Classic_Car" title="My Classic Car">My Classic Car</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horsepower_TV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horsepower TV (page does not exist)">Horsepower TV</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/American_Hot_Rod" title="American Hot Rod">American Hot Rod</a></i>,<i> <a href="/wiki/Fast_and_Loud" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast and Loud">Fast and Loud</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Chop_Cut_Rebuild" title="Chop Cut Rebuild">Chop Cut Rebuild</a></i>. </p><p>Particularly during the early 1960s, a genre of "hot rod music" rose to mainstream popularity. Hot rod music was largely a product of a number of <a href="/wiki/Surf_music" title="Surf music">surf music</a> groups running out of ideas for new surfing songs and simultaneously shifting their lyrical focus toward hot rods. Hot rod music would prove to be the second phase in a progression known as the <a href="/wiki/California_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="California Sound">California Sound</a>, which would mature into more complex topics as the decade passed. Hot rods were used as the theme of <a href="/wiki/Lightning_Rod_(roller_coaster)" title="Lightning Rod (roller coaster)">Lightning Rod</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Construction" title="Rocky Mountain Construction">Rocky Mountain Construction</a> roller coaster at <a href="/wiki/Dollywood" title="Dollywood">Dollywood</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Sweden_and_Finland">In Sweden and Finland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In Sweden and Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Raggare" title="Raggare">Raggare</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:60%27s_car_with_lots_of_raggare_on_the_roof_at_Power_Big_Meet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/60%27s_car_with_lots_of_raggare_on_the_roof_at_Power_Big_Meet.jpg/220px-60%27s_car_with_lots_of_raggare_on_the_roof_at_Power_Big_Meet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/60%27s_car_with_lots_of_raggare_on_the_roof_at_Power_Big_Meet.jpg/330px-60%27s_car_with_lots_of_raggare_on_the_roof_at_Power_Big_Meet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/60%27s_car_with_lots_of_raggare_on_the_roof_at_Power_Big_Meet.jpg/440px-60%27s_car_with_lots_of_raggare_on_the_roof_at_Power_Big_Meet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Swedish hot rodders with a 1964 American Plymouth at Power Big Meet</figcaption></figure> <p>Locals in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, influenced by American culture, have created a vibrant local hot rod culture where enthusiasts gather at meetings such as <a href="/wiki/Power_Big_Meet" title="Power Big Meet">Power Big Meet</a> in <a href="/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping" title="Linköping">Linköping</a> and clubs like Wheels and Wings in <a href="/wiki/Varberg" title="Varberg">Varberg</a>, both located in Sweden. Since there is very little "vintage tin", the hot rods in Sweden are generally made with a home-made chassis (usually a Model T or A replica), with a Jaguar (or <a href="/wiki/Volvo_240" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo 240">Volvo 240</a>) rear axle, a small-block <a href="/wiki/V8_engine" title="V8 engine">V8</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fiberglass" title="Fiberglass">fiberglass</a> tub, but some have been built using for instance a <a href="/wiki/Volvo_Duett" title="Volvo Duett">Volvo Duett</a> chassis. Because Swedish regulations required a crash test even for custom-built passenger cars between 1969 and 1982, the Duett option was preferred, since it was considered a rebodied Duett rather than a new vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some 1950s and 1960s, cars are also hot rodded, like <a href="/wiki/Morris_Minor" title="Morris Minor">Morris Minor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Anglia" title="Ford Anglia">Ford Anglia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volvo_Amazon" title="Volvo Amazon">Volvo Amazon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Cortina" title="Ford Cortina">Ford Cortina</a>, and <a href="/wiki/%2757_Chevy" class="mw-redirect" title="'57 Chevy">'57 Chevy</a>, to name but a few. These are known as <a href="/wiki/Custom_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Custom cars">custom cars</a> (sometimes spelled Kustom). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:T-bucket.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The iconic T-bucket. Also features dropped tube axle, transverse front leaf spring, and front disc brakes."><img alt="The iconic T-bucket. Also features dropped tube axle, transverse front leaf spring, and front disc brakes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/T-bucket.jpg/120px-T-bucket.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/T-bucket.jpg/180px-T-bucket.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/T-bucket.jpg/240px-T-bucket.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The iconic <a href="/wiki/T-bucket" title="T-bucket">T-bucket</a>. Also features dropped <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tube_axle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tube axle (page does not exist)">tube axle</a>, transverse front <a href="/wiki/Leaf_spring" title="Leaf spring">leaf spring</a>, and front <a href="/wiki/Disc_brake" title="Disc brake">disc brakes</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Deuce_dropped_tube_axle.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Deuce coupe featuring '32 grille shell, original headlights, chrome dropped I-beam axle and tube shocks. Note stock frame rails, disc brakes, Lakester pipes[30][31]"><img alt="Deuce coupe featuring '32 grille shell, original headlights, chrome dropped I-beam axle and tube shocks. Note stock frame rails, disc brakes, Lakester pipes[30][31]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Deuce_dropped_tube_axle.JPG/120px-Deuce_dropped_tube_axle.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Deuce_dropped_tube_axle.JPG/180px-Deuce_dropped_tube_axle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Deuce_dropped_tube_axle.JPG/240px-Deuce_dropped_tube_axle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_B_(1932)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Model B (1932)">Deuce</a> <a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupé">coupe</a> featuring '32 grille shell, original headlights, chrome dropped I-beam axle and tube <a href="/wiki/Shock_absorber" title="Shock absorber">shocks</a>. Note stock frame rails, disc brakes, Lakester pipes<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_Deuce_front_wb.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Deuce roadster with a bobbed frame, dropped axle, disc brakes, and coilovers. Note the contrast with the stock frame rails."><img alt="Deuce roadster with a bobbed frame, dropped axle, disc brakes, and coilovers. Note the contrast with the stock frame rails." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Yellow_Deuce_front_wb.jpg/120px-Yellow_Deuce_front_wb.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Yellow_Deuce_front_wb.jpg/180px-Yellow_Deuce_front_wb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Yellow_Deuce_front_wb.jpg/240px-Yellow_Deuce_front_wb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Deuce roadster with a bobbed frame, dropped axle, disc brakes, and coilovers. Note the contrast with the stock frame rails.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1928-29_Ford_Model_A_Roadster_Hot_Rod.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hi-boy Deuce roadster with flatty (with factory head and exhaust but aftermarket alternator ignition and dual-carb intake), dropped tube axle, and drum brakes."><img alt="Hi-boy Deuce roadster with flatty (with factory head and exhaust but aftermarket alternator ignition and dual-carb intake), dropped tube axle, and drum brakes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/1928-29_Ford_Model_A_Roadster_Hot_Rod.jpg/120px-1928-29_Ford_Model_A_Roadster_Hot_Rod.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/1928-29_Ford_Model_A_Roadster_Hot_Rod.jpg/180px-1928-29_Ford_Model_A_Roadster_Hot_Rod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/1928-29_Ford_Model_A_Roadster_Hot_Rod.jpg/240px-1928-29_Ford_Model_A_Roadster_Hot_Rod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hi-boy Deuce roadster with flatty (with factory head and exhaust but aftermarket <a href="/wiki/Alternator_(automotive)" title="Alternator (automotive)">alternator</a> ignition and dual-carb intake), dropped tube axle, and drum brakes.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rat_rod_flatty.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Rat rod" '29 Model A coupe with a '32 grille shell, upgraded brakes, "bobbed" frame rails, channeled, powered by an early flatty equipped with Edelbrock aftermarket head and aftermarket chrome carb hats."><img alt=""Rat rod" '29 Model A coupe with a '32 grille shell, upgraded brakes, "bobbed" frame rails, channeled, powered by an early flatty equipped with Edelbrock aftermarket head and aftermarket chrome carb hats." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Rat_rod_flatty.jpg/120px-Rat_rod_flatty.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Rat_rod_flatty.jpg/180px-Rat_rod_flatty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Rat_rod_flatty.jpg/240px-Rat_rod_flatty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"Rat rod" '29 Model A coupe with a '32 grille shell, upgraded brakes, "bobbed" frame rails, channeled, powered by an early flatty equipped with <a href="/wiki/Edelbrock" title="Edelbrock">Edelbrock</a> aftermarket head and aftermarket chrome carb hats.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiat_Topolino_hotrod_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flamed Fiat Topolino."><img alt="Flamed Fiat Topolino." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fiat_Topolino_hotrod_front.jpg/120px-Fiat_Topolino_hotrod_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fiat_Topolino_hotrod_front.jpg/180px-Fiat_Topolino_hotrod_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fiat_Topolino_hotrod_front.jpg/240px-Fiat_Topolino_hotrod_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flamed <a href="/wiki/Fiat_500_%22Topolino%22" title="Fiat 500 "Topolino"">Fiat Topolino</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghost_flames.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ghost flames, a contemporary concept"><img alt="Ghost flames, a contemporary concept" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Ghost_flames.jpg/120px-Ghost_flames.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Ghost_flames.jpg/180px-Ghost_flames.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Ghost_flames.jpg/240px-Ghost_flames.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ghost flames, a contemporary concept</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3_deuces_with_louvered_chrome_hats_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tripower carburetor setup"><img alt="Tripower carburetor setup" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/3_deuces_with_louvered_chrome_hats_2.JPG/120px-3_deuces_with_louvered_chrome_hats_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/3_deuces_with_louvered_chrome_hats_2.JPG/180px-3_deuces_with_louvered_chrome_hats_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/3_deuces_with_louvered_chrome_hats_2.JPG/240px-3_deuces_with_louvered_chrome_hats_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tripower carburetor setup</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Radiator_%27puke%27_can.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Improvised puke can"><img alt="Improvised puke can" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Radiator_%27puke%27_can.JPG/120px-Radiator_%27puke%27_can.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Radiator_%27puke%27_can.JPG/180px-Radiator_%27puke%27_can.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Radiator_%27puke%27_can.JPG/240px-Radiator_%27puke%27_can.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Improvised puke can</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:392_hemi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A mid-'50s 392 in a "rat rod"."><img alt="A mid-'50s 392 in a "rat rod"." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/392_hemi.jpg/120px-392_hemi.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/392_hemi.jpg/180px-392_hemi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/392_hemi.jpg/240px-392_hemi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A mid-'50s 392 in a "<a href="/wiki/Rat_rod" title="Rat rod">rat rod</a>".</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rod_n_Kustom_1apr2006_040.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rat rod"><img alt="Rat rod" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Rod_n_Kustom_1apr2006_040.jpg/120px-Rod_n_Kustom_1apr2006_040.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Rod_n_Kustom_1apr2006_040.jpg/180px-Rod_n_Kustom_1apr2006_040.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Rod_n_Kustom_1apr2006_040.jpg/240px-Rod_n_Kustom_1apr2006_040.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rat rod</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VWRod.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Volksrod, based on a Type 1."><img alt="Volksrod, based on a Type 1." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/VWRod.jpg/120px-VWRod.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/VWRod.jpg/180px-VWRod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/VWRod.jpg/240px-VWRod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Volksrod" title="Volksrod">Volksrod</a>, based on a <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Type 1</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%2732_austin_bantam_roadster_britened.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="'32 Bantam roadster with mags, disk brakes, hatpins, bugcatcher scoop, roll hoops, & custom interior"><img alt="'32 Bantam roadster with mags, disk brakes, hatpins, bugcatcher scoop, roll hoops, & custom interior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/%2732_austin_bantam_roadster_britened.jpg/120px-%2732_austin_bantam_roadster_britened.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/%2732_austin_bantam_roadster_britened.jpg/180px-%2732_austin_bantam_roadster_britened.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/%2732_austin_bantam_roadster_britened.jpg/240px-%2732_austin_bantam_roadster_britened.jpg 2x" data-file-width="825" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">'32 <a href="/wiki/American_Austin_Car_Company" title="American Austin Car Company">Bantam</a> roadster with mags, disk brakes, <a href="/wiki/Custom_car#Language" title="Custom car">hatpins</a>, bugcatcher scoop, roll hoops, & custom interior</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chevrolet_Standard.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="1934 Chevrolet Coupe Standard"><img alt="1934 Chevrolet Coupe Standard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Chevrolet_Standard.JPG/120px-Chevrolet_Standard.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Chevrolet_Standard.JPG/180px-Chevrolet_Standard.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Chevrolet_Standard.JPG/240px-Chevrolet_Standard.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> 1934 Chevrolet Coupe Standard</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Volkswagen_Hot_Rod.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Volkswagen hiboy at the 2010 Volksfest, South Australia"><img alt="Volkswagen hiboy at the 2010 Volksfest, South Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Volkswagen_Hot_Rod.jpg/120px-Volkswagen_Hot_Rod.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Volkswagen_Hot_Rod.jpg/180px-Volkswagen_Hot_Rod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Volkswagen_Hot_Rod.jpg/240px-Volkswagen_Hot_Rod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Volkswagen hiboy at the 2010 Volksfest, South Australia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_Coupe%27s_at_sunset..jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Twin Ford coupes"><img alt="Twin Ford coupes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Ford_Coupe%27s_at_sunset..jpg/120px-Ford_Coupe%27s_at_sunset..jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Ford_Coupe%27s_at_sunset..jpg/180px-Ford_Coupe%27s_at_sunset..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Ford_Coupe%27s_at_sunset..jpg/240px-Ford_Coupe%27s_at_sunset..jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Twin Ford coupes</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Classically flamed 3-window at the Voitures Anciennes de Granby expo, with drilled I-beam front axle, nerf bars, velocity stacks, mags, and slicks."><img alt="Classically flamed 3-window at the Voitures Anciennes de Granby expo, with drilled I-beam front axle, nerf bars, velocity stacks, mags, and slicks." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_1.jpg/120px-Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_1.jpg/180px-Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_1.jpg/240px-Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Classically flamed 3-window at the <i>Voitures Anciennes de Granby</i> expo, with drilled I-beam front axle, nerf bars, velocity stacks, mags, and slicks.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A rat rod during the Voitures Anciennes de Granby expo."><img alt="A rat rod during the Voitures Anciennes de Granby expo." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_5.jpg/120px-Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_5.jpg/180px-Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_5.jpg/240px-Hot_rod_%C3%A0_granby_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A rat rod during the <i>Voitures Anciennes de Granby</i> expo.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E2%80%9C1922_Custom_Buckett%E2%80%9D_hot_rod.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1922 hot rod"><img alt="1922 hot rod" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/%E2%80%9C1922_Custom_Buckett%E2%80%9D_hot_rod.jpg/120px-%E2%80%9C1922_Custom_Buckett%E2%80%9D_hot_rod.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/%E2%80%9C1922_Custom_Buckett%E2%80%9D_hot_rod.jpg/180px-%E2%80%9C1922_Custom_Buckett%E2%80%9D_hot_rod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/%E2%80%9C1922_Custom_Buckett%E2%80%9D_hot_rod.jpg/240px-%E2%80%9C1922_Custom_Buckett%E2%80%9D_hot_rod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1922 hot rod</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hotrod_-_Ystad-2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Swedish Hot Rod in Ystad 2020."><img alt="Swedish Hot Rod in Ystad 2020." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Hotrod_-_Ystad-2020.jpg/120px-Hotrod_-_Ystad-2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Hotrod_-_Ystad-2020.jpg/180px-Hotrod_-_Ystad-2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Hotrod_-_Ystad-2020.jpg/240px-Hotrod_-_Ystad-2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1491" data-file-height="1111" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Swedish Hot Rod in <a href="/wiki/Ystad" title="Ystad">Ystad</a> 2020.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hot_Rod_-_Malm%C3%B6-1986.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Swedish Hot Rod in Malmö 1986."><img alt="Swedish Hot Rod in Malmö 1986." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hot_Rod_-_Malm%C3%B6-1986.jpg/120px-Hot_Rod_-_Malm%C3%B6-1986.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hot_Rod_-_Malm%C3%B6-1986.jpg/180px-Hot_Rod_-_Malm%C3%B6-1986.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hot_Rod_-_Malm%C3%B6-1986.jpg/240px-Hot_Rod_-_Malm%C3%B6-1986.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1111" data-file-height="830" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Swedish Hot Rod in <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" title="Malmö">Malmö</a> 1986.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive restoration">Automotive restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custom_car" title="Custom car">Custom car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutdown" title="Cutdown">Cutdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flame_job" class="mw-redirect" title="Flame job">Flame job</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_hatch" title="Hot hatch">Hot hatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Import_scene" title="Import scene">Import scene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kustom_(cars)" title="Kustom (cars)">Kustom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_sled" title="Lead sled">Lead sled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowrider" title="Lowrider">Lowrider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">Muscle car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Prowler" title="Plymouth Prowler">Plymouth Prowler</a> - a modern take on the hot rod</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Street" title="Pro Street">Pro Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rat_rod" title="Rat rod">Rat rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_car_racing" title="Stock car racing">Stock car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_window_coupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Three window coupe">Three window coupe</a> - one of the classic styles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuner_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuner (car)">Tuner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volksrod" title="Volksrod">Volksrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobile_engine_replacement#EV_crate_engines" title="Automobile engine replacement">Crate engine</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFortier1999" class="citation journal cs1">Fortier, Rob (August 1999). "25th Salt Lake City Autorama". <i>Street Rodder</i>: 51.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Street+Rodder&rft.atitle=25th+Salt+Lake+City+Autorama&rft.pages=51&rft.date=1999-08&rft.aulast=Fortier&rft.aufirst=Rob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHot+rod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreedictionary.com/hot-rodding">"hot-rodding. (n.d.)"</a>. <i>American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i> (Fifth ed.). 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.atitle=hot-rodding.+%28n.d.%29&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreedictionary.com%2Fhot-rodding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHot+rod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGross" class="citation web cs1">Gross, Ken. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/news/8-hot-rod-heroes-burke-batchelor-muldowney-roth-coddington">"8 Heroes of American Hot Rodding"</a>. <i>History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-01-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Hill+Country&rft.atitle=The+%27Key+To+The+Hills+Rod+Run%27+in+Boerne+Will+Get+Your+Motor+Running&rft.date=2017-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftexashillcountry.com%2Fkey-to-the-hills-rod-run-boerne%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHot+rod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070228060401/http://hem.passagen.se/stur/pages/artiklar/duettrod/Duettrodden.htm">"California kid - duettrodden"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hem.passagen.se/stur/pages/artiklar/duettrod/Duettrodden.htm">the original</a> on 2007-02-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+kid+-+duettrodden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhem.passagen.se%2Fstur%2Fpages%2Fartiklar%2Fduettrod%2FDuettrodden.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHot+rod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070129040558/http://hem.passagen.se/stur/pages/galleri/duetter/Duettrods.htm">"California kid - galleriet - duettrods"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hem.passagen.se/stur/pages/galleri/duetter/Duettrods.htm">the original</a> on 2007-01-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+kid+-+galleriet+-+duettrods&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhem.passagen.se%2Fstur%2Fpages%2Fgalleri%2Fduetter%2FDuettrods.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHot+rod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930003248/http://amazon.forum.bilia.se/phpbb2/viewtopic.php?p=25500&sid=e89d2d537977372aa45c4d0c5b7b9598">"Amazon.forum.bilia.se: Duettrod"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amazon.forum.bilia.se/phpbb2/viewtopic.php?p=25500&sid=e89d2d537977372aa45c4d0c5b7b9598">the original</a> on 2007-09-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amazon.forum.bilia.se%3A+Duettrod&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famazon.forum.bilia.se%2Fphpbb2%2Fviewtopic.php%3Fp%3D25500%26sid%3De89d2d537977372aa45c4d0c5b7b9598&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHot+rod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.garaget.org/?car=19319">"Volvo duett (1968)"</a>. <i>Garaget</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Garaget&rft.atitle=Volvo+duett+%281968%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.garaget.org%2F%3Fcar%3D19319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHot+rod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">owner of the car</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Street Rodder</i>, 12/98, p.47; <i>Rod & Custom</i>, 7/95, p.29.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot_rod&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historicvehicle.org"><i>List of Hot rod</i> (www.historicvehicle.org)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.petersen.org/"><i>Automotive Museum</i> (www.petersen.org)</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-segment" title="A-segment">A-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">B-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-segment" title="C-segment">C-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-segment" title="D-segment">D-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-segment" title="E-segment">E-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-segment" title="F-segment">F-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="J-segment">J-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="M-segment">M-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-segment" title="S-segment">S-segment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Car_body_style" title="Car body style">Body styles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2%2B2_(car_body_style)" title="2+2 (car body style)">2+2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baquet_(car_body_style)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baquet (car body style)">Baquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barchetta" title="Barchetta">Barchetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlinetta" title="Berlinetta">Berlinetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brougham_(car_body)" title="Brougham (car body)">Brougham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrio_coach" title="Cabrio coach">Cabrio coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_over" title="Cab over">Cab over</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe" title="Coupe">Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9_utility" title="Coupé utility">Coupé utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastback" title="Fastback">Fastback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardtop" title="Hardtop">Hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">Hatchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammback" title="Kammback">Kammback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landaulet_(car)" title="Landaulet (car)">Landaulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liftback" title="Liftback">Liftback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microvan" title="Microvan">Microvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minibus" title="Minibus">Minibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-stop_truck" title="Multi-stop truck">Multi-stop truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notchback" title="Notchback">Notchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaeton_body" title="Phaeton body">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">Pickup truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Quad coupé">Quad coupé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Retractable hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">Roadster / Spider / Spyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runabout_(car)" title="Runabout (car)">Runabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedan_(automobile)" title="Sedan (automobile)">Saloon / Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Sedan delivery/Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_brake" title="Shooting brake">Shooting brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">Station wagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targa_top" title="Targa top">Targa top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_(car)" title="Torpedo (car)">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touring_car" title="Touring car">Touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Town (Coupé de Ville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-top" title="T-top">T-top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vis-%C3%A0-vis_(carriage)" title="Vis-à-vis (carriage)">Vis-à-vis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized <br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">All-terrain vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_vehicle" title="Amphibious vehicle">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connected_car" title="Connected car">Connected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-driving_car" title="Self-driving car">Driverless (autonomous)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyrocar" title="Gyrocar">Gyrocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Pedal car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_car" title="Police car">Police car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_car" title="Flying car">Flying car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxicab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tow_truck" title="Tow truck">Tow truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voiturette" title="Voiturette">Voiturette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ground_propulsion" title="Ground propulsion">Propulsion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle" title="Alternative fuel vehicle">Alternative fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autogas" title="Autogas">Autogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiesel" title="Biodiesel">Biodiesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogasoline" title="Biogasoline">Biogasoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">Compressed natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_Electric_Vehicle" title="Neighborhood Electric Vehicle">NEV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ethanol_fuel_mixtures" title="Common ethanol fuel mixtures">Ethanol</a> (<a href="/wiki/E85" title="E85">E85</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">Fossil fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">Fuel cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_gas" title="Fuel gas">Fuel gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrol_engine" title="Petrol engine">Gasoline / petrol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gasoline_direct_injection" title="Gasoline direct injection">direct injection</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homogeneous_charge_compression_ignition" title="Homogeneous charge compression ignition">Homogeneous charge compression ignition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">Hybrid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">plug-in</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">Hydrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">Internal combustion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_nitrogen_engine" title="Liquid nitrogen engine">Liquid nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquified_petroleum_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquified petroleum gas">Liquified petroleum gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_car" title="Steam car">Steam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drive_wheel" title="Drive wheel">Drive wheels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">Front-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout#Rear_wheel_drive_layouts" title="Powertrain layout">Rear-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-wheel_drive" title="Two-wheel drive">Two-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-wheel_drive" title="Four-wheel drive">Four-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-wheel_drive" title="Six-wheel drive">Six-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-wheel_drive" title="Eight-wheel drive">Eight-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten-wheel drive">Ten-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve-wheel drive">Twelve-wheel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Engine position</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine_design" title="Front-engine design">Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-engine_design" title="Mid-engine design">Mid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear-engine_design" title="Rear-engine design">Rear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Layout</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(engine / drive)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-mid-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front mid-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Rear-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Front-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear mid-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Front-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Mid-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Rear-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Dual-motor,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Dual-motor, four-wheel-drive layout">Dual motor-four-wheel</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Engine_configuration" title="Engine configuration">Engine configuration</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Boxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-stroke_engine" title="Four-stroke engine">Four-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H_engine" title="H engine">H-block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">Reciprocating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-cylinder_engine" title="Single-cylinder engine">Single-cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_engine" title="Straight engine">Straight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-stroke_engine" title="Two-stroke engine">Two-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_engine" title="V engine">V (Vee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_engine" title="W engine">W engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cars" title="Portal:Cars">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cars" title="Category:Cars">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:EC_car_classification" title="Template:EC car classification">Template:EC car classification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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