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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/genesis/25.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/genesis/25.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />This is the account of the family line of Abraham&#8217s son Ishmael, whom Sarah&#8217s slave, Hagar the Egyptian, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/genesis/25.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />This is the account of the family of Ishmael, the son of Abraham through Hagar, Sarah’s Egyptian servant.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/genesis/25.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />These are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s servant, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/genesis/25.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />This is the account of Abraham’s son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s maidservant, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/genesis/25.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Now these <i>are</i> the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/genesis/25.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Now this <i>is</i> the genealogy of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s maidservant, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/genesis/25.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now these are <i>the records of</i> the generations of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s slave woman, bore to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/genesis/25.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Now these are the records of the generations of Ishmael, Abraham&#8217s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah&#8217s maid, bore to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/genesis/25.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Now these are <i>the records of</i> the generations of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s maid, bore to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/genesis/25.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s servant-woman, bore to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/genesis/25.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Now these are <i>the records of</i> the descendants of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s maid, bore to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/genesis/25.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />These are the family records of Abraham’s son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s slave, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/genesis/25.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />These are the family records of Abraham&#8217s son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah&#8217s slave, bore to Abraham. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/genesis/25.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/genesis/25.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Ishmael was the son of Abraham and Hagar, the slave woman of Sarah. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/genesis/25.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/genesis/25.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />This is the account of the descendants of Abraham's son Ishmael. He was the son of Sarah's Egyptian slave Hagar and Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/genesis/25.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Ishmael, whom Hagar, the Egyptian slave of Sarah, bore to Abraham, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/genesis/25.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Now this is what happened to Ishmael, whom Sarah's Egyptian servant Hagar bore for Abraham. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/genesis/25.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />This is the account of Abraham?s son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah?s maidservant, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/genesis/25.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />This is the account of Abraham's son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's servant, bore to Abraham. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/genesis/25.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's servant, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/genesis/25.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/genesis/25.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Now this is the history of the generations of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s servant, bore to Abraham. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/genesis/25.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And these [are] the generations of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s handmaid, has borne to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/genesis/25.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And these are births of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, hath borne to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/genesis/25.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />These the generations of Ishmael, son of Abraham, whom Hagar brought forth, the Egyptian, Sarah's maid, to Abraham.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/genesis/25.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />These are the generations of Ismael the son of Abraham, whom Agar the Egyptian, Sara's servant, bore unto him: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/genesis/25.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />These are the generations of Ishmael, the son of Abraham, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s servant, bore to him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/genesis/25.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />These are the descendants of Abraham’s son Ishmael, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s slave, bore to Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/genesis/25.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />These are the descendants of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s slave-girl, bore to Abraham.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/genesis/25.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's maid, bore to Abraham;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/genesis/25.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And these are the generations of Ishmayl, son of Abraham, to whom Hagar the Egyptian, the Handmaid of Sara, had given birth by Abraham:<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/genesis/25.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bore unto Abraham.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/genesis/25.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And these <i>are</i> the generations of Ismael the son of Abraam, whom Agar the Egyptian the hand-maid of Sarrha bore to Abraam.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/genesis/25-12.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7ehevn8iSgc?start=5833" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/genesis/25.htm">The Descendants of Ishmael</a></span><br> <span class="reftext">12</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: wə·’êl·leh (Conj-w:: Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those.">This</a> <a href="/hebrew/8435.htm" title="8435: tō·lə·ḏōṯ (N-fpc) -- Generations. Or toldah; from yalad; descent, i.e. Family; history.">is the account</a> <a href="/hebrew/85.htm" title="85: ’aḇ·rā·hām (N-proper-ms) -- Contracted from 'ab and an unused root; father of a multitude; Abraham, the later name of Abram.">of Abraham’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ben- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/3458.htm" title="3458: yiš·mā·‘êl (N-proper-ms) -- From shama' and 'el; God will hear; Jishmael, the name of Abraham's oldest son, and of five Israelites.">Ishmael,</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">whom</a> <a href="/hebrew/1904.htm" title="1904: hā·ḡār (N-proper-fs) -- Sarah's Eg. maid, the mother of Ishmael. Of uncertain derivation; Hagar, the mother of Ishmael.">Hagar</a> <a href="/hebrew/4713.htm" title="4713: ham·miṣ·rîṯ (Art:: N-proper-fs) -- Inhab. of Eg. From Mitsrayim; a Mitsrite, or inhabitant of Mitsrajim.">the Egyptian,</a> <a href="/hebrew/8283.htm" title="8283: śā·rāh (N-proper-fs) -- Princess, a wife of Abraham. The same as sarah; Sarah, Abraham's wife.">Sarah’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/8198.htm" title="8198: šip̄·ḥaṯ (N-fsc) -- Maid, maidservant. Feminine from an unused root meaning to spread out; a female slave.">maidservant,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3205.htm" title="3205: yā·lə·ḏāh (V-Qal-Perf-3fs) -- A primitive root; to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage.">bore</a> <a href="/hebrew/85.htm" title="85: lə·’aḇ·rā·hām (Prep-l:: N-proper-ms) -- Contracted from 'ab and an unused root; father of a multitude; Abraham, the later name of Abram.">to Abraham.</a> </span><span class="reftext">13</span>These are the names of the sons of Ishmael in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, then Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/16-15.htm">Genesis 16:15</a></span><br />And Hagar bore Abram a son, and Abram gave the name Ishmael to the son she had borne.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/21-9.htm">Genesis 21:9-21</a></span><br />But Sarah saw that the son whom Hagar the Egyptian had borne to Abraham was mocking her son, / and she said to Abraham, “Expel the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with my son Isaac!” / Now this matter distressed Abraham greatly because it concerned his son Ishmael. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/17-20.htm">Genesis 17:20</a></span><br />As for Ishmael, I have heard you, and I will surely bless him; I will make him fruitful and multiply him greatly. He will become the father of twelve rulers, and I will make him into a great nation.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/28-9.htm">Genesis 28:9</a></span><br />Esau went to Ishmael and married Mahalath, the sister of Nebaioth and daughter of Abraham’s son Ishmael, in addition to the wives he already had.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/36-1.htm">Genesis 36:1-3</a></span><br />This is the account of Esau (that is, Edom). / Esau took his wives from the daughters of Canaan: Adah daughter of Elon the Hittite, Oholibamah daughter of Anah and granddaughter of Zibeon the Hivite, / and Basemath daughter of Ishmael and sister of Nebaioth.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/1-28.htm">1 Chronicles 1:28-31</a></span><br />The sons of Abraham were Isaac and Ishmael. / These are their genealogies: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, then Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, / Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/1-32.htm">1 Chronicles 1:32-33</a></span><br />The sons born to Keturah, Abraham’s concubine: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. The sons of Jokshan: Sheba and Dedan. / The sons of Midian: Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All of these were Keturah’s sons.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/9-7.htm">Romans 9:7-9</a></span><br />Nor because they are Abraham’s descendants are they all his children. On the contrary, “Through Isaac your offspring will be reckoned.” / So it is not the children of the flesh who are God’s children, but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as offspring. / For this is what the promise stated: “At the appointed time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/galatians/4-22.htm">Galatians 4:22-31</a></span><br />For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. / His son by the slave woman was born according to the flesh, but his son by the free woman was born through the promise. / These things serve as illustrations, for the women represent two covenants. One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children into slavery: This is Hagar. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Genesis 21:13</a></span><br />But I will also make a nation of the slave woman’s son, because he is your offspring.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/17-18.htm">Genesis 17:18</a></span><br />And Abraham said to God, “O that Ishmael might live under Your blessing!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/25-1.htm">Genesis 25:1-4</a></span><br />Now Abraham had taken another wife, named Keturah, / and she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. / Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were the Asshurites, the Letushites, and the Leummites. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/25-5.htm">Genesis 25:5-6</a></span><br />Abraham left everything he owned to Isaac. / But while he was still alive, Abraham gave gifts to the sons of his concubines and sent them away from his son Isaac to the land of the east.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">Genesis 25:19</a></span><br />This is the account of Abraham’s son Isaac. Abraham became the father of Isaac,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/16-10.htm">Genesis 16:10-12</a></span><br />Then the angel added, “I will greatly multiply your offspring so that they will be too numerous to count.” / The angel of the LORD proceeded: “Behold, you have conceived and will bear a son. And you shall name him Ishmael, for the LORD has heard your cry of affliction. / He will be a wild donkey of a man, and his hand will be against everyone, and everyone’s hand against him; he will live in hostility toward all his brothers.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Now these are the generations of Ishmael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bore to Abraham:</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/16-10.htm">Genesis 16:10-15</a></b></br> And the angel of the LORD said unto her, I will multiply thy seed exceedingly, that it shall not be numbered for multitude… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/17-20.htm">Genesis 17:20</a></b></br> And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Genesis 21:13</a></b></br> And also of the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he <i>is</i> thy seed.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/genesis/25-11.htm">Abraham</a> <a href="/genesis/25-11.htm">Abraham's</a> <a href="/genesis/21-11.htm">Account</a> <a href="/genesis/25-2.htm">Bare</a> <a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Bondwoman</a> <a href="/genesis/25-2.htm">Bore</a> <a href="/genesis/24-47.htm">Borne</a> <a href="/genesis/25-4.htm">Descendants</a> <a href="/genesis/21-9.htm">Egyptian</a> <a href="/genesis/17-12.htm">Generations</a> <a href="/genesis/21-17.htm">Hagar</a> <a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Handmaid</a> <a href="/genesis/11-27.htm">History</a> <a href="/genesis/25-9.htm">Ishmael</a> <a href="/genesis/25-9.htm">Ish'mael</a> <a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Maid</a> <a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Maidservant</a> <a href="/genesis/25-2.htm">Mother</a> <a href="/genesis/11-27.htm">Records</a> <a href="/genesis/24-67.htm">Sarah's</a> <a href="/genesis/24-66.htm">Servant</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">Abraham</a> <a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">Abraham's</a> <a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">Account</a> <a href="/genesis/25-26.htm">Bare</a> <a href="/exodus/21-20.htm">Bondwoman</a> <a href="/genesis/25-26.htm">Bore</a> <a href="/genesis/29-34.htm">Borne</a> <a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">Descendants</a> <a href="/genesis/39-1.htm">Egyptian</a> <a href="/genesis/25-13.htm">Generations</a> <a href="/galatians/4-24.htm">Hagar</a> <a href="/genesis/29-24.htm">Handmaid</a> <a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">History</a> <a href="/genesis/25-13.htm">Ishmael</a> <a href="/genesis/25-13.htm">Ish'mael</a> <a href="/genesis/29-24.htm">Maid</a> <a href="/genesis/29-24.htm">Maidservant</a> <a href="/genesis/27-11.htm">Mother</a> <a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">Records</a> <a href="/romans/4-19.htm">Sarah's</a> <a href="/genesis/25-23.htm">Servant</a><div class="vheading2">Genesis 25</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-1.htm">The sons of Abraham by Keturah.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">5. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-5.htm">The division of his goods.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-7.htm">His age, death, and burial.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">11. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-11.htm">God blesses Isaac.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">12. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-12.htm">The generations of Ishmael.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">17. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-17.htm">His age and death.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">19. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-19.htm">Isaac prays for Rebekah, being barren.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-22.htm">The children strive in her womb.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">24. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-24.htm">The birth of Esau and Jacob.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">27. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-27.htm">Their different characters and pursuits.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">29. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/25-29.htm">Esau sells his birthright.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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Ishmael's story is significant as it fulfills God's promise to Abraham that he would be the father of many nations (<a href="/genesis/17-20.htm">Genesis 17:20</a>). Ishmael is considered the ancestor of several Arab tribes, and his lineage is important in understanding the broader narrative of the descendants of Abraham. This account also sets the stage for the contrast between Ishmael and Isaac, the son of promise.<p><b>whom Hagar the Egyptian</b><br>Hagar's identity as an Egyptian is significant, highlighting the cultural and ethnic diversity within Abraham's household. Her Egyptian background may have influenced Ishmael's upbringing and the eventual cultural identity of his descendants. Hagar's story is one of hardship and divine intervention, as seen in <a href="/genesis/16.htm">Genesis 16 and 21</a>, where God hears her cries and provides for her and Ishmael in the wilderness.<p><b>Sarah’s maidservant</b><br>Hagar's role as Sarah's maidservant underscores the social and legal customs of the time, where a maidservant could bear children on behalf of her mistress. This practice reflects the ancient Near Eastern customs regarding inheritance and lineage. The tension between Sarah and Hagar, resulting from this arrangement, is a pivotal moment in the narrative, illustrating themes of faith, promise, and human intervention in divine plans.<p><b>bore to Abraham</b><br>The phrase emphasizes Abraham's paternity, linking Ishmael directly to the patriarch. This connection is crucial for understanding the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham regarding his descendants. Despite Ishmael not being the child of promise, God still blesses him and makes him a great nation, as seen in <a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Genesis 21:13</a>. This highlights God's faithfulness and the complexity of His plans, which often transcend human understanding and expectations.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/a/abraham.htm">Abraham</a></b><br>The patriarch of the Israelites, Ishmael's father, and a central figure in the Abrahamic faiths. His life and covenant with God are foundational to understanding God's promises and plans.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/i/ishmael.htm">Ishmael</a></b><br>The first son of Abraham, born to Hagar. His life represents the fulfillment of God's promise to make Abraham a father of many nations, though not through the covenant line of Isaac.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/h/hagar.htm">Hagar</a></b><br>An Egyptian maidservant of Sarah, Abraham's wife. She bore Ishmael and represents themes of God's provision and care even for those outside the covenant line.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/s/sarah.htm">Sarah</a></b><br>Abraham's wife, who initially gave Hagar to Abraham to bear a child. Her actions and relationship with Hagar and Ishmael highlight human attempts to fulfill divine promises.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>The land of Hagar's origin, often symbolizing a place of refuge and later, bondage, in biblical accounts.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness_to_his_promises.htm">God's Faithfulness to His Promises</a></b><br>Despite human attempts to control or alter God's plans, His promises remain steadfast. Ishmael's account is a testament to God's faithfulness in making Abraham a father of many nations.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_care_for_all_people.htm">God's Care for All People</a></b><br>Hagar and Ishmael, though not part of the covenant line, were still recipients of God's care and promises. This illustrates God's love and provision for all humanity.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/h/human_impatience_and_divine_timing.htm">Human Impatience and Divine Timing</a></b><br>Sarah's decision to give Hagar to Abraham reflects human impatience. Trusting in God's timing is crucial for believers today.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_complexity_of_family_dynamics.htm">The Complexity of Family Dynamics</a></b><br>The relationships between Abraham, Sarah, Hagar, and Ishmael show the complexities and challenges within families, encouraging believers to seek God's wisdom in family matters.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_faith_and_works.htm">The Role of Faith and Works</a></b><br>The account of Ishmael and Isaac is often used to discuss the balance between faith and works, emphasizing reliance on God's promises rather than human efforts.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_genesis_25.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Genesis 25</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_does_ishmael's_genealogy_differ.htm">Why does Ishmael’s genealogy (Genesis 25:12–18) differ from other references to his descendants? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_were_the_ishmaelites.htm">Who were the Ishmaelites?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_is_did.htm">What is the total number of Abraham's wives?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_are_the_descendants_of_ishmael.htm">Who are the descendants of Ishmael?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/genesis/25.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>THE T?LD?TH ISHMAEL.</span><p>(12) <span class= "bld">These are the generations of Ishmael.</span>--Following the usual rule of this book, Ishmael is not dismissed from the Divine presence without a short record of his history, after which he falls into the background, and the historian proceeds with his main subject, which is the preparation for the forming of that race and nation of whom, according to the flesh, Christ came. These brief notices, moreover, of personages not in the direct line of Christ's ancestry have their value in God's great purpose that the Jewish Messiah should be the Redeemer of the Gentiles also (<a href="/romans/10-12.htm" title="For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich to all that call on him.">Romans 10:12</a>); and consequently from the first their history was not alien from God's counsels. (<a href="/context/romans/10-13.htm" title="For whoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved.">Romans 10:13-15</a>) The sons of Ishmael.--Of the Arabian tribes sprung from Ishmael we read of Nebajoth and Kedar in <a href="/isaiah/60-7.htm" title="All the flocks of Kedar shall be gathered together to you, the rams of Nebaioth shall minister to you: they shall come up with acceptance on my altar, and I will glorify the house of my glory.">Isaiah 60:7</a> as pastoral tribes, rich in flocks. Dumah is deemed worthy of a special prophecy (<a href="/isaiah/21-11.htm" title="The burden of Dumah. He calls to me out of Seir, Watchman, what of the night? Watchman, what of the night?">Isaiah 21:11</a>); while the people of Tema are described there in <a href="/genesis/25-14.htm" title="And Mishma, and Dumah, and Massa,">Genesis 25:14</a> as generous and hospitable, and in <a href="/job/6-19.htm" title="The troops of Tema looked, the companies of Sheba waited for them.">Job 6:19</a> they appear as active traders. (See also <a href="/jeremiah/25-23.htm" title="Dedan, and Tema, and Buz, and all that are in the utmost corners,">Jeremiah 25:23</a>.) Jetur, Naphish, and other Hagarite tribes, were conquered by Reuben and his allies (<a href="/1_chronicles/5-19.htm" title="And they made war with the Hagarites, with Jetur, and Nephish, and Nodab.">1Chronicles 5:19</a>), and Jetur became the Iturea of <a href="/luke/3-1.htm" title="Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene,">Luke 3:1</a>. For the occasional references made to these and other sons of Ishmael in classical writers, the reader may consult Smith's <span class= "ital">Dictionary of the Bible, </span>or similar works. The abode of the twelve tribes sprung from Ishmael was the northern part of Arabia, whence gradually they extended their influence, and apparently soon absorbed the Joktanites (<a href="/context/genesis/10-26.htm" title="And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,">Genesis 10:26-30</a>), themselves a kindred Semitic race. These genealogies would be inexplicable if we did not remember that successive waves of people occupied these lands, and that while the old names remained, the dominant race was new. So the rapid growth of individuals into tribes (as of Midian, <a href="/genesis/25-2.htm" title="And she bore him Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah.">Genesis 25:2</a>) was the result of races of higher civilisation and greater energy subduing feeble and less highly-developed tribes. Hence in <a href="/genesis/25-16.htm" title="These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their towns, and by their castles; twelve princes according to their nations.">Genesis 25:16</a> the sons of Ishmael are called "princes." We gather from this that Ishmael had gathered round him a body of men of the Semitic race, of whom large numbers were constantly on the move towards Egypt (<a href="/genesis/12-15.htm" title="The princes also of Pharaoh saw her, and commended her before Pharaoh: and the woman was taken into Pharaoh's house.">Genesis 12:15</a>), and by their aid had established his rule in Paran, and handed it on to his sons. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/genesis/25.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 12.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Now these are the generations of Ishmael</span>, - the opening of a new section (cf. <a href="/genesis/2-4.htm">Genesis 2:4</a>), in which the fortunes of Abraham's eldest son are briefly traced before proceeding with the main current of the history in the line of Isaac (cf. <a href="/1_chronicles/1-29.htm">1 Chronicles 1:29-31</a>) - <span class="cmt_word">Abraham's son</span>, - because of his relation to Abraham it was that Ishmael attained subsequent historical development and importance (<span class="accented">vide</span> <a href="/genesis/21-13.htm">Genesis 21:13</a>) - <span class="cmt_word">whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare unto Abraham</span> (<span class="accented">vide</span> <a href="/genesis/16-1.htm">Genesis 16:1, 15</a>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/genesis/25-12.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">This</span><br /><span class="heb">וְאֵ֛לֶּה</span> <span class="translit">(wə·’êl·leh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_428.htm">Strong's 428: </a> </span><span class="str2">These, those</span><br /><br /><span class="word">is the account</span><br /><span class="heb">תֹּלְדֹ֥ת</span> <span class="translit">(tō·lə·ḏōṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8435.htm">Strong's 8435: </a> </span><span class="str2">Descent, family, history</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Abraham’s</span><br /><span class="heb">אַבְרָהָ֑ם</span> <span class="translit">(’aḇ·rā·hām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_85.htm">Strong's 85: </a> </span><span class="str2">Abraham -- 'exalted father', the father of the Jewish nation</span><br /><br /><span class="word">son</span><br /><span class="heb">בֶּן־</span> <span class="translit">(ben-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Ishmael,</span><br /><span class="heb">יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל</span> <span class="translit">(yiš·mā·‘êl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3458.htm">Strong's 3458: </a> </span><span class="str2">Ishmael -- 'God hears', the name of several Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">whom</span><br /><span class="heb">אֲשֶׁ֨ר</span> <span class="translit">(’ă·šer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Pronoun - relative<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> </span><span class="str2">Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Hagar</span><br /><span class="heb">הָגָ֧ר</span> <span class="translit">(hā·ḡār)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1904.htm">Strong's 1904: </a> </span><span class="str2">Hagar</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the Egyptian,</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמִּצְרִ֛ית</span> <span class="translit">(ham·miṣ·rîṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4713.htm">Strong's 4713: </a> </span><span class="str2">Egyptian -- inhabitant of Egypt</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Sarah’s</span><br /><span class="heb">שָׂרָ֖ה</span> <span class="translit">(śā·rāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8283.htm">Strong's 8283: </a> </span><span class="str2">Sarah -- 'princess', a wife of Abraham</span><br /><br /><span class="word">maidservant,</span><br /><span class="heb">שִׁפְחַ֥ת</span> <span class="translit">(šip̄·ḥaṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8198.htm">Strong's 8198: </a> </span><span class="str2">Maid, maidservant</span><br /><br /><span class="word">bore</span><br /><span class="heb">יָלְדָ֜ה</span> <span class="translit">(yā·lə·ḏāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3205.htm">Strong's 3205: </a> </span><span class="str2">To bear young, to beget, medically, to act as midwife, to show lineage</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to Abraham.</span><br /><span class="heb">לְאַבְרָהָֽם׃</span> <span class="translit">(lə·’aḇ·rā·hām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_85.htm">Strong's 85: </a> </span><span class="str2">Abraham -- 'exalted father', the father of the Jewish nation</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/genesis/25-12.htm">Genesis 25:12 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/genesis/25-12.htm">OT Law: Genesis 25:12 Now this is the history (Gen. Ge Gn)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/genesis/25-11.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Genesis 25:11"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Genesis 25:11" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/genesis/25-13.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Genesis 25:13"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Genesis 25:13" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>