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ext-discussiontools-sourcemodetoolbar-enabled skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-4 ns-subject page-Commons_Photographs_of_identifiable_people rootpage-Commons_Photographs_of_identifiable_people skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Commons</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Photographs of identifiable people</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-pt-translate-header noprint nomobile" dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Commons%3APhotographs+of+identifiable+people&action=page&filter=&action_source=translate_page" title="Special:Translate">Translate this page</a></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r428405392">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i,.mw-parser-output .hatnote.noitalic{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote+div.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">For the category scheme for people, see <a href="/wiki/Commons:Suggested_category_scheme_for_people" title="Commons:Suggested category scheme for people">Commons:Suggested category scheme for people</a>.</bdi></div> <p><span id="shortcut" class="coordinates" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcuts</a>: <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:IDENT&redirect=no">COM:IDENT</a></span> • <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:PEOPLE&redirect=no">COM:PEOPLE</a></span> • <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:BLP&redirect=no">COM:BLP</a></span></span> </p> <div class="mw-pt-languages noprint navigation-not-searchable" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages-label">Other languages:</div><ul class="mw-pt-languages-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/en-us" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Photographs of identifiable people (3% translated)" lang="en-US" dir="ltr">American English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/id" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Foto tokoh yang dapat dikenali (1% translated)" lang="id" dir="ltr">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/en-gb" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Photographs of identifiable people (68% translated)" lang="en-GB" dir="ltr">British English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/de" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Fotografien erkennbarer Personen (100% translated)" lang="de" dir="ltr">Deutsch</a></li> <li><span class="mw-pt-languages-ui mw-pt-languages-selected mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" lang="en" dir="ltr">English</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/eo" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Komunejo: Fotoj de identigeblaj personoj (62% translated)" lang="eo" dir="ltr">Esperanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/nl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Photographs of identifiable people/nl (100% translated)" lang="nl" dir="ltr">Nederlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/vi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Hình chụp người nhận diện được (1% translated)" lang="vi" dir="ltr">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/ca" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Fotografies de persones identificables (38% translated)" lang="ca" dir="ltr">català</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/da" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Photographs of identifiable people/da (5% translated)" lang="da" dir="ltr">dansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/es" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Fotografías de personas identificables (81% translated)" lang="es" dir="ltr">español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/fr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Photos de personnes identifiables (85% translated)" lang="fr" dir="ltr">français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/it" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Fotografie di persone identificabili (37% translated)" lang="it" dir="ltr">italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/pl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Fotografie rozpoznawalnych osób (21% translated)" lang="pl" dir="ltr">polski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/pt" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Fotografias de pessoas identificáveis (64% translated)" lang="pt" dir="ltr">português</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/scn" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Fotugrafìi di pirsuni idintificàbbili (7% translated)" lang="scn" dir="ltr">sicilianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/sv" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Fotografier på identifierbara personer (30% translated)" lang="sv" dir="ltr">svenska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/cs" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Fotografie rozpoznatelných osob (99% translated)" lang="cs" dir="ltr">čeština</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/be-tarask" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Вікісховішча:Фатаграфіі вызначаных людзей (100% translated)" lang="be-tarask" dir="ltr">беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/ky" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Викиказына:Идентификациялоого мүмкүн болгон адамдардын сүрөттөрү (100% translated)" lang="ky" dir="ltr">кыргызча</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/ru" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Викисклад:Фотографии идентифицируемых людей (73% translated)" lang="ru" dir="ltr">русский</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/uk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Вікісховище:Фотографії людей, яких можна ідентифікувати (62% translated)" lang="uk" dir="ltr">українська</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/he" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:תמונות של אנשים הניתנים לזיהוי (56% translated)" lang="he" dir="rtl">עברית</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/ar" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="كومنز:صور لأشخاص محددين (95% translated)" lang="ar" dir="rtl">العربية</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/mr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="कॉमन्स:ओळखू येऊ शकतील अश्या व्यक्तीच्या छायाचित्रांबद्दल (3% translated)" lang="mr" dir="ltr">मराठी</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/gu" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Photographs of identifiable people/gu (4% translated)" lang="gu" dir="ltr">ગુજરાતી</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/zh" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="共享資源:可辨識的人物照片 (100% translated)" lang="zh" dir="ltr">中文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/ja" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:識別可能な人物の写真 (100% translated)" lang="ja" dir="ltr">日本語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/ko" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:식별 가능한 인물 사진 (18% translated)" lang="ko" dir="ltr">한국어</a></li></ul></div> <div class="notice metadata notice-guideline" role="note" id="policy" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r726500274">.mw-parser-output .notice-guideline{align-items:center;border-top:2px solid #b3b3b3;border-bottom:2px solid #b3b3b3;display:flex;gap:1em;margin:10px;padding:7px}.mw-parser-output .notice-guideline[dir="rtl"]{direction:rtl}</style> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/40px-Commons_guideline.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/60px-Commons_guideline.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/80px-Commons_guideline.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460"/></span></span></div> <div> <p><b>This page is considered an <a href="/wiki/Commons:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Commons:Policies and guidelines">official guideline</a> on Wikimedia Commons.</b> </p><p>It illustrates standards or behaviors which most editors agree with in principle and generally follow. Feel free to update the page as needed, but please use the <a href="/wiki/Commons_talk:Photographs_of_identifiable_people" title="Commons talk:Photographs of identifiable people">discussion page</a> to propose major changes. </p> </div> </div> <div class="notice metadata" id="nutshell" style="border-top:2px solid #ddd; border-bottom:2px solid #ddd; margin:10px; padding:7px;"> <table style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/40px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/80px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"/></span></span> </td> <td style="width:100%;"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> Commons respects the legal and moral rights of people depicted in our photos. These rights may affect how we host photos and how they can be re-used, including whether consent is required. The legal rights of the subjects constitute <a href="/wiki/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions" title="Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">non-copyright restrictions</a> on use of photos. These rights <a href="/wiki/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements" title="Commons:Country specific consent requirements">vary by country</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Actress_Anna_Unterberger-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Actress_Anna_Unterberger-2.jpg/220px-Actress_Anna_Unterberger-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Actress_Anna_Unterberger-2.jpg/330px-Actress_Anna_Unterberger-2.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Actress_Anna_Unterberger-2.jpg/440px-Actress_Anna_Unterberger-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4562" data-file-height="7027"/></a><figcaption>Photo of an identifiable person in a private place, published with consent.</figcaption></figure> <p>When dealing with photographs of people, we are required to consider the legal and moral rights of the subject. These rights may restrict or impose obligations on those taking, uploading or re-using a photo. These issues are quite distinct from the copyright status of the photo. A Creative Commons licence or public domain status, for example, means that the <i>copyright owner</i> (usually the <i>photographer</i>) has waived or lost certain rights and that <i>their</i> permission to use the photo is not required. However, this does not affect any rights belonging to the <i>subject</i> of the photograph. </p><p>Publishing a photo of an identifiable person in a private place usually <b>requires consent</b>, and Commons expects this even if relevant laws do not require it. In many countries (especially English-speaking ones), publishing a straightforward photo of an identifiable person in a public place usually <b>does not require consent</b>, provided that the use is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Personality_rights" class="extiw" title="w:en:Personality rights">non-commercial</a>. Commercial use (which has a different meaning here than it does for copyright) usually <b>requires consent</b>. However, the consent requirements <b><a href="/wiki/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements" title="Commons:Country specific consent requirements">vary by country</a></b>; in some countries, even <i>taking</i> a photo requires consent. Consent requirements may also depend on other factors. </p><p>In most countries, these issues only affect photos where the person is identifiable and still alive. However, even if the person is unidentifiable or has died, certain legal and ethical issues may remain. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Legal_issues"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Legal issues</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#The_right_of_publicity"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">The right of publicity</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#The_right_of_privacy"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">The right of privacy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Proportionality"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Proportionality</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Defamation"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Defamation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Employees"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Employees</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Moral_issues"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Moral issues</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#House_rules"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">House rules</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Consent"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Consent</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Country_specific"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Country specific</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Identification"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Identification</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Examples"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Removal_requests"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Removal requests</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Other_image_sources"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Other image sources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Legal_issues" data-mw-thread-id="h-Legal_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Legal_issues"></span>Legal issues<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Legal_issues"></span></h2></div> <p>There are two forms of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Personality_rights" class="extiw" title="w:en:Personality rights">personality rights</a> that govern the taking, hosting and use of photographs where the subject is a living person: the right of publicity and the right of privacy. Care should also be taken not to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Defamation" class="extiw" title="w:en:Defamation">defame</a> the subject. </p><p>Commons requires photos to be legal in all of the following polities: (a) the country in which the photo was taken; (b) the country from which the photo was uploaded; (c) the United States (where Commons images are stored). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Template:Personality_rights" title="Template:Personality rights">{{Personality rights}}</a> template may be used to warn re-users of Commons’ content that local laws may impose additional requirements on reuse, over and above those enforced here. Laws both where the photo is taken and where it is published should be considered. <span id="The_right_of_publicity"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_right_of_publicity" data-mw-thread-id="h-The_right_of_publicity-Legal_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-The_right_of_publicity-Legal_issues"></span>The right of publicity<span data-mw-comment-end="h-The_right_of_publicity-Legal_issues"></span></h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patricia_De_Le%C3%B3n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Patricia_De_Le%C3%B3n.jpg/220px-Patricia_De_Le%C3%B3n.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Patricia_De_Le%C3%B3n.jpg/330px-Patricia_De_Le%C3%B3n.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Patricia_De_Le%C3%B3n.jpg/440px-Patricia_De_Le%C3%B3n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="4290"/></a><figcaption>An anti-bullfighting advertisement for PETA, which uses an image of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Patricia_de_Leon_(actress)" class="extiw" title="w:en:Patricia de Leon (actress)">Patricia de León</a> with consent.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Main: <a href="/wiki/Commons:Personality_rights#Likeness_and_persona" title="Commons:Personality rights">COM:personality rights § Likeness and persona</a></b> </p><p>The <i>right of publicity</i> is the right to control the commercial use of one's likeness. The most obvious example of this is in advertising (and it applies whether or not the advertisement itself is for commercial purposes). This right concerns the subject of the photograph and is distinct from the photographer's copyright licence which may impose its own terms or grant freedoms regarding commercial reuse. All images hosted on Commons must allow free commercial reuse from a copyright point-of-view, but the subject of the photograph may still refuse permission or demand payment for such reuse. However, this right does not affect the hosting of an image on Commons, rarely affects the use of an image on a Wikimedia project and is only likely to affect advertising/commercial re-users of the image. Note that in some countries and US states, the right of publicity may persist for some time after the subject's death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_right_of_privacy" data-mw-thread-id="h-The_right_of_privacy-Legal_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-The_right_of_privacy-Legal_issues"></span>The right of privacy<span data-mw-comment-end="h-The_right_of_privacy-Legal_issues"></span></h3></div> <p>The <i>right of privacy</i> is the right to be left alone and not to be made the subject of public scrutiny without consent. The right to privacy is enshrined in several international laws though the details about photographs vary from country to country. Images must not unreasonably intrude into the subject's private or family life. </p><p>The law on privacy concerning photographs can be crudely divided into whether the photograph was taken in a private or public place. A <b>private place</b> is somewhere the subject has a reasonable expectation of privacy while a <b>public place</b> is somewhere where the subject has no such expectation – the terms are unrelated to whether the land is privately or publicly owned. For example, a tent on a beach is a private place on public land and a concert is a public place on private property. A place may be publicly accessible but still retain an expectation of privacy concerning photography, for example a hospital ward during visiting hours. Whether the place is private or not may also depend on the situation at the time: for example, that same hospital ward would have been a public place during a tour before it opens. </p><p>In the United States (where the Commons servers are located), consent is not as a rule required to photograph people in public places.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hence, unless there are specific local laws to the contrary, overriding legal concerns (e.g., defamation) or moral concerns (e.g., picture unfairly obtained), the Commons community does not normally require that an identifiable subject of a photograph taken in a public place has consented to the image being taken or uploaded. This is so whether the image is of a famous personality or of an unknown individual. </p><p>In many countries the subject's consent <i>is</i> needed to just take a picture, and/or to publish it and/or to use it commercially <i>even if the person is in a public place</i>. Further nuances may include the age of the subject, what the subject is doing at the time, whether the subject is famous, whether the image concerns news of public interest, etc. See <a href="/wiki/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements" title="Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Commons:Country specific consent requirements</a> for details. </p><p>Because of the expectation of privacy, the consent of the subject should normally be sought before uploading any photograph featuring an identifiable individual that has been taken in a private place, whether or not the subject is named. Even in countries that have no law of privacy, there is a moral obligation on us not to upload photographs which infringe the subject's reasonable expectation of privacy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proportionality" data-mw-thread-id="h-Proportionality-Legal_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Proportionality-Legal_issues"></span>Proportionality<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Proportionality-Legal_issues"></span></h3></div> <p>In some countries, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Proportionality_(law)" class="extiw" title="w:en:Proportionality (law)">proportionality</a> (fair use) is the main legal criterion of all exceptions. That means usual practices are admitted and tolerated by the law. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defamation" data-mw-thread-id="h-Defamation-Legal_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Defamation-Legal_issues"></span>Defamation<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Defamation-Legal_issues"></span></h3></div> <p>Images must not unfairly ridicule or demean the subject. This may result simply from the content of the image but can also arise by poor choice of title, description or category. Defamation is both a legal and moral issue; therefore, Commons does not base decisions on whether the subject is able or likely to sue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Employees" data-mw-thread-id="h-Employees-Legal_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Employees-Legal_issues"></span>Employees<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Employees-Legal_issues"></span></h3></div> <p>If the photographer is employed while taking photographs, their actions may be subject to their employment contract or the rules of their professional body. For issues concerning medical staff and photographs of patients, see the essay <a href="/wiki/Commons:Patient_images" title="Commons:Patient images">Commons:Patient images</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Moral_issues" data-mw-thread-id="h-Moral_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Moral_issues"></span>Moral issues<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Moral_issues"></span></h2></div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r927745239">.mw-parser-output .shortcut2{float:right;margin:0.4em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0 1em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;border-radius:4px}</style><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcuts</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r574572692">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:DIGNITY&redirect=no">COM:DIGNITY</a></span></li> <li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:NOCREEPSHOTS&redirect=no">COM:NOCREEPSHOTS</a></span></li> <li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:CREEP&redirect=no">COM:CREEP</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p>While some aspects of ethical photography and publication are controlled by law, there are moral issues too. They find a reflection in the wording of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" class="extiw" title="w:en:Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a>, Article 12:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>"No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation."</i> Common decency and respect for human dignity may influence the decision whether to host an image above that required by the law. The extent to which an image might be regarded as "unfairly obtained" or to be "intrusive", for example, is a matter of degree and may depend on the nature of the shot, the location, and the notability of the subject. </p><p>The provenance of an image may taint its use irredeemably. A "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Downblouse" class="extiw" title="w:en:Downblouse">downblouse</a>" or "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/creepshot" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:creepshot">creepshot</a>" photograph is not made ethically acceptable just because the subject's face is cropped out. A paparazzi telephoto shot of a naked sunbather does not become acceptable merely by pixelating the face. </p><p>In the same way as quality newspapers may apply a "public interest" test to doubtful images, the degree to which an image meets our <a href="/wiki/Commons:Project_scope" title="Commons:Project scope">educational project scope</a> may also be considered. When in doubt, there is no <i>requirement</i> for Commons to host <i>any</i> image of a person. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_rules" data-mw-thread-id="h-House_rules-Moral_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-House_rules-Moral_issues"></span>House rules<span data-mw-comment-end="h-House_rules-Moral_issues"></span></h3></div> <p>Some venues or events may have "house rules" which apply to photography. For most subjects other than people, Commons regards such rules as a matter between the photographer and the venue or event organizer. For example, we do not delete <a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter#MUSEUM" title="Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">photographs of art inside a museum</a> just because the museum does not permit photography. However, when house rules provide an expectation of privacy, photographers should attain consent prior to uploading photos of identifiable people at that site or event. This is not a legal requirement, but one which Commons may respect on moral grounds. For example, while many conferences and conventions are considered public, some may have specific photography policies that create an expectation of privacy. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimania" class="extiw" title="w:Wikimania">Wikimania</a>, the international conference about Wikimedia projects, allows attendees to use colored lanyards to indicate whether they consent or object to being photographed. Photographs taken at such events are routinely deleted if they depict an identifiable person wearing a "no photography" lanyard. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Consent" data-mw-thread-id="h-Consent"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Consent"></span>Consent<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Consent"></span></h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patient_receiving_dialysis_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Patient_receiving_dialysis_03.jpg/220px-Patient_receiving_dialysis_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Patient_receiving_dialysis_03.jpg/330px-Patient_receiving_dialysis_03.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Patient_receiving_dialysis_03.jpg/440px-Patient_receiving_dialysis_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="793"/></a><figcaption>A hospital ward is a publicly owned space where people have an expectation of privacy, so from the relevant point of view here, it is a private space.</figcaption></figure> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r927745239"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcut</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r574572692"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:PHOTOCONSENT&redirect=no">COM:PHOTOCONSENT</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p>Just as the circumstances of a photograph govern <i>whether</i> consent is required, they also influence the nature and degree of consent should it be required. There are three aspects: taking, uploading and using a photograph. At the most basic level, a subject looking at the camera and smiling might normally be assumed to have given their consent to have their photograph taken. In some circumstances, however, verbal or even written agreement may be required. </p><p>Consent to have one's photograph taken does not permit the photographer to do what they like with the image. An image on Commons will have greater potential exposure than one in a photo album, on a personal Facebook, or part of a user's Flickr stream. A model, for example, may have consented to the image being taken for a personal portfolio, but not for publication on the Internet. The photographer and uploader must satisfy themselves that, when it is required, the consent given is appropriate for uploading to Commons. </p><p>Some subjects are unable to give appropriate consent due to young age <i>(minors)</i> or because of learning difficulties. In these cases, the consent of the parents or responsible guardians should be sought. </p><p>For a self-portrait, where the subject of the photograph is also the photographer and/or uploader, consent is assumed, provided they can give appropriate consent (as noted above). </p><p>Normally it is sufficient that the uploader asserts that appropriate consent was given. The <a href="/wiki/Template:Consent" title="Template:Consent"><span style="font-family:monospace,monospace;">{{Consent}}</span></a> template may be used for this purpose, though it is not required. Please refer to the <a href="/wiki/Template:Consent" title="Template:Consent">template documentation</a>. </p><p>An example of consent that is too restrictive for Commons would be a typical patient photography consent form, which may only allow the image to be used in medical journals or for teaching within the hospital. An example of consent that is more permissive than is required for Commons would be a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Model_release" class="extiw" title="w:en:Model release">model release</a>, in which the subject gives up their right of publicity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Country_specific" data-mw-thread-id="h-Country_specific-Consent"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Country_specific-Consent"></span>Country specific<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Country_specific-Consent"></span></h3></div> <p>The table below may be used for indication specific requirements in various countries. Note though, that it is not a legally binding text and that because a country isn't listed here, it does not reflect a fact that everyone is free to take/publish/commercially use pictures of people in public spaces in that country. Further details, with references, may be found on <a href="/wiki/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements" title="Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Commons:Country specific consent requirements</a> or by clicking on country links in the table. </p> <table class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Consent required for action related to a picture of a person in a public place (by country) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Country/Territory </th> <th scope="col">Take a picture </th> <th scope="col">Publish<sup><b>1</b></sup> a picture </th> <th scope="col">Commercially<sup><b>2</b></sup> use a published picture </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Afghanistan" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Afghanistan</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Argentina" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Argentina</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Australia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Australia</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Austria" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Austria</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Belgium" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Belgium</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Brazil" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Brazil</a> </th> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Bulgaria" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Bulgaria</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Canada" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Canada</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFFF; color:black">Depends on province </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#China_(People's_Republic_of)" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">China, People's Republic of</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#China_(Republic_of)_(Taiwan)" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">China, Republic of</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Czech_Republic" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Czech Republic</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Denmark" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Denmark</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Ethiopia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Ethiopia</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Finland" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Finland</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#France" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">France</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions)<sup id="cite_ref-laurentnytimes_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laurentnytimes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Germany" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Germany</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Greece" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Greece</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90; color:black">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90; color:black">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00; color:black">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Hong_Kong" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Hong Kong SAR</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFFF; color:black">Depends on circumstances </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF; color:black">Depends on circumstances </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF; color:black">Depends on circumstances </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Hungary" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Hungary</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Iceland" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Iceland</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#India" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">India</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Indonesia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Indonesia</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Iran" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Iran</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Ireland" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Ireland</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Israel" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Israel</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Italy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Italy</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Japan" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Japan</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Libya" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Libya</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Macau" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Macau SAR</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Mexico" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Mexico</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Netherlands" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Netherlands</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#New_Zealand" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">New Zealand</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Norway" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Norway</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Peru" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Peru</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Philippines" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Philippines</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Poland" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Poland</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Portugal" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Portugal</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Romania" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Romania</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Russian_Federation" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Russian Federation</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Singapore" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Singapore</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Slovakia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Slovakia</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Slovenia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Slovenia</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#South_Africa" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">South Africa</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#South_Korea" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements"> South Korea</a> </th> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Spain" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Spain</a> </th> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Sweden" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Sweden</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Switzerland" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Switzerland</a> </th> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#Turkey" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">Turkey</a> </th> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Yes (with exceptions) </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements#United_Kingdom" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Country specific consent requirements">United Kingdom</a> </th> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#FFFFE0">No (with exceptions) </td> <td style="background:#DC143C; color:white">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people#United_States" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs of identifiable people">United States</a> </th> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#90EE90">No </td> <td style="background:#FF8C00">Usually (although laws differ by state) </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:left"><sup><b>1</b></sup>:In this context of consent requirements, "publish" refers to "making public" and is separate from the term "publish" as may be defined elsewhere (e.g. U.S./U.K. copyright law). <p><sup><b>2</b></sup>:In this context of consent requirements, "commercial use" is separate from, and <i>not</i> in reference to, licensing conditions that may prohibit commercial use (<a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing">non-commercial licenses</a>). Often commercial use in this context is contrasted with "editorial use", with the former referring to advertising and marketing purposes and the latter referring to news reporting and education even if made with a profit motive. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="font-size:xx-small;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;;white-space:nowrap;"> This box: <a href="/wiki/Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements/table" title="Commons:Country specific consent requirements/table"><span style="color:var(--color-progressive--active,#002bb8);;" title="View this box.">view</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Commons_talk:Country_specific_consent_requirements/table" title="Commons talk:Country specific consent requirements/table"><span style="color:var(--color-progressive--active,#002bb8);" title="Discuss this box.">talk</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:Country_specific_consent_requirements/table&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-progressive--active,#002bb8);" title="Edit this box. Please use the Preview button before saving.">edit</span></a></span> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Identification" data-mw-thread-id="h-Identification"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Identification"></span>Identification<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Identification"></span></h2></div> <p>The degree to which a subject is identifiable varies. A photo that includes a clear view of the face is highly identifiable. Other features of the person's body, clothing or the location may help with identifying the subject. Outside of the photo, clues may be obtained from the title, description, origin, source URL, and metadata (including, but not limited to, the geolocation and date). The greater the privacy issues with photo, the more weight should be given to the risk of identification by non-obvious means. Whether the person is the main subject of the photograph, or a mere bystander or background detail is another important factor. </p><p>The risk of identification can be minimised by not including certain information in the description. However, some details regarding the origin of the photo (such as source URL and author) may be required by the source photo licence or Commons policy, so cannot be removed. It may also be possible to shoot the subject from a different angle or frame it differently. </p><p>It is better to obtain consent than to attempt to anonymise a photo that may require it. Placing a black band over the eyes was historically used to hide patient identity in medical publications but is no longer considered effective.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pixelated features can sometimes be revealed by squinting one's eyes. Certain seemingly irreversible visual alterations such as applying a "twirl" effect over a subject's face may in fact be reversible.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These crude attempts to anonymise images may damage the value of an image to Commons to such a degree that it has limited or no realistic chance of being used. </p><p>Where the law forbids taking or publishing a photograph of a person without consent, and consent has not been given, then making the subject hard to identify (such as blurring their face) is unethical: the photograph should not be uploaded to Commons. </p><p>If the original or similar images are already present on the Internet (either on Commons or elsewhere) then attempts at anonymising the subject are ultimately futile. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Content-based_image_retrieval" class="extiw" title="w:en:Content-based image retrieval">Content-based image retrieval</a> engines such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:TinEye" class="extiw" title="w:en:TinEye">TinEye</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Google_Images" class="extiw" title="w:en:Google Images">Google Images</a> can identify a subject that has been anonymised. All of the following people are readily identifiable by anyone familiar with the subject. They may also be identified by computer, by simply dragging and dropping the image onto Google Images and searching for similar images.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <center><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Problems with attempts at anonymisation</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anon-Black-Bands-Eyes.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Black band over the eyes"><img alt="Black band over the eyes" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Anon-Black-Bands-Eyes.jpg/159px-Anon-Black-Bands-Eyes.jpg" decoding="async" width="159" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Anon-Black-Bands-Eyes.jpg/238px-Anon-Black-Bands-Eyes.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Anon-Black-Bands-Eyes.jpg/317px-Anon-Black-Bands-Eyes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="936" data-file-height="1415"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Black band over the eyes</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anon-Pixel-Face.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pixelated face"><img alt="Pixelated face" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Anon-Pixel-Face.jpg/123px-Anon-Pixel-Face.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Anon-Pixel-Face.jpg/184px-Anon-Pixel-Face.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Anon-Pixel-Face.jpg/245px-Anon-Pixel-Face.jpg 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="1622"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Pixelated face</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anon-Crop-Head.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cropped head"><img alt="Cropped head" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Anon-Crop-Head.jpg/164px-Anon-Crop-Head.jpg" decoding="async" width="164" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Anon-Crop-Head.jpg/246px-Anon-Crop-Head.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Anon-Crop-Head.jpg/328px-Anon-Crop-Head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1071" data-file-height="1567"/></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Cropped head</center></div> </li> </ul></center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Examples" data-mw-thread-id="h-Examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Examples"></span>Examples<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Examples"></span></h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Five-string_bass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Five-string_bass.jpg/220px-Five-string_bass.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Five-string_bass.jpg/330px-Five-string_bass.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Five-string_bass.jpg/440px-Five-string_bass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="991" data-file-height="1029"/></a><figcaption>No consent was required for this photograph, because it was taken in a public place in the United States</figcaption></figure> <p>The following examples do not require consent in many countries: </p> <ul><li>An anonymous street performer</li> <li>An anonymous person, in a public place, especially as part of a larger crowd</li> <li>People taking part in a public event at a privately-owned venue, for example, a press conference at an office building</li> <li>A basketball player competing in a match which is open to the public</li></ul> <p>The following examples typically require consent: </p> <ul><li>A man and woman talking, entitled "A prostitute speaks to her pimp" <i>(possible defamation)</i></li> <li>An identifiable child, entitled "An obese girl" <i>(potentially derogatory or demeaning)</i></li> <li>Partygoers at a private party, unless press is specifically invited <i>(unreasonable intrusion)</i></li> <li>Nudes, underwear or swimsuit shots, unless obviously taken in a public place – even if the subject's face is obscured <i>(unreasonable intrusion)</i></li> <li>Telephoto images, taken from afar, of an individual in a private place <i>(unreasonable intrusion)</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Removal_requests" data-mw-thread-id="h-Removal_requests"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Removal_requests"></span>Removal requests<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Removal_requests"></span></h2></div> <p>The subject, photographer, or uploader of an image may request that it be removed from Commons. The reasons for removal may include such things as "It causes embarrassment" or "It was published without my consent", etc. Generally, images are not removed simply because the subject does not like them, but <a href="/wiki/Commons:Administrators" title="Commons:Administrators">administrators</a> are normally sympathetic to removal requests if good reasons can be given. In any case you may address a removal request through the normal public review process of a <a href="/wiki/Commons:Deletion_requests" title="Commons:Deletion requests">deletion request</a>. If discretion is required, a deletion request explaining this may also be sent privately through <a href="/wiki/Commons:Contact_us/Problems" title="Commons:Contact us/Problems">Commons:Contact us/Problems</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Other_image_sources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Other_image_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Other_image_sources"></span>Other image sources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Other_image_sources"></span></h2></div> <p>Photographs with free licences that are hosted on other websites (such as Flickr) are often uploaded to Commons by users other than the photographer. This can make it difficult to ascertain whether consent was given. A free image licence only covers the photographer's rights and says nothing about the subject. It may be necessary to contact the owner of the photographs regarding permission from the subject, even though the licence means we do not need the photographer's permission. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Biographies_of_living_people" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Biographies of living people">Issues involving living people in WMF's BLP resolution</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Images_of_identifiable_people" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Images of identifiable people">WMF's May 2011 resolution regarding subject consent for images of identifiable living people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions" title="Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">Commons:Non-copyright restrictions</a> – other non-copyright restrictions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Patient_images" title="Commons:Patient images">Commons:Patient images</a> – on issues relating to medical images of identifiable people</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Personality_rights" title="Commons:Personality rights">Personality rights</a> – essay on personality rights</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/checklist" title="Commons:Photographs of identifiable people/checklist">Commons:Photographs of identifiable people/checklist</a></li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikilegal/Uploading_Individuals%27_Photographs_on_Wikimedia_Commons" class="extiw" title="meta:Wikilegal/Uploading Individuals' Photographs on Wikimedia Commons">meta:Wikilegal/Uploading Individuals' Photographs on Wikimedia Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people/Draft_2015-16" title="Commons:Photographs of identifiable people/Draft 2015-16">Commons:Photographs of identifiable people/Draft 2015-16</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2></div> <p>The following websites discuss the rights of photographers taking photographs in public places: </p> <ul><li><b>Australia (NSW) - </b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://4020.net/words/photorights.php">Australian street photography legal issues</a></li> <li><b>Canada -</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://capic.org/copyright-laws/">Canadian Photographers Coalition on Canadian Copyright Legislation </a></li> <li><b>Canada -</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ambientlight.ca/laws/">Photography laws</a></li> <li><b>Czech Republic</b> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oou.cz/index.php?file=dotazy/zverejnovani_fotografii_v_propagacnich_materialech">Using photographs in advertising</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.odposlechy.com/pravni-rozbor">Legality of monitoring of people</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.policie-cr.cz/184-porizovani-zvukovych-a-obrazovych-zaznamu-prislusniku-policie-cr-ve-sluzbe.html">Recording policemen on duty</a></li> <li><b>EU</b> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ipkitten.blogspot.com/2016/04/perpetual-image-rights-for-good.html">Perpetual image rights for the good: the proposed Dutch Cruyff provision</a> on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brinkhof.com/assets/cms/File/Cruyff_Supreme_Court_2013.htm">Supreme Court of the Netherlands 12/01825 TT/AS</a></li> <li><b>Germany, Switzerland and Austria - </b> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/de:Recht_am_eigenen_Bild" class="extiw" title="w:de:Recht am eigenen Bild">Recht am eigenen Bild</a></li> <li><b>Greece - </b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://greeklaws.com/pubs/uploads/2795.pdf">The right to one's image</a></li> <li><b>New Zealand -</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/2006/2.html">Unlawful Photography in Public Places: the New Zealand Position</a></li> <li><b>UK - </b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100420042849/http://www.sirimo.co.uk/2009/05/14/uk-photographers-rights-v2">Photographers Rights Guide v2</a> (archive version) by Linda Macpherson LL.B, Dip. L.P., LL.M (a freelance legal consultant specialising in Media Law and Intellectual Property Law). See fourth column in the PDF.</li> <li><b>US - </b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.krages.com/phoright.htm">A Downloadable Flyer Explaining Your Rights When Stopped or Confronted for Photography</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcfp.org/photographers-guide-privacy">Photographers' Guide to Privacy (1999)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nussenzweig_v._DiCorcia">Nussenzweig v. DiCorcia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/index.html">https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/index.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-laurentnytimes-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-laurentnytimes_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Laurent, Olivier (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2013-04-23">23 April 2013</span>). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/23/paris-city-of-rights/">Protecting the Right to Photograph, or Not to Be Photographed</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-02-15">15 February 2015</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20160413180329/http://www.foto-grafo.net/archives/1705">Italy, Street-Photography and the Law</a> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2013-10-29">29 October 2013</span>). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foto-grafo.net/archives/1705">the original</a> on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-04-13">April 13, 2016</span>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-02-15">15 February 2015</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Monti, Andrea. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20170317134148/http://www.adammarelliphoto.com/2013/11/italian-law-street-photography/">Italian Law & Street Photography / What are you allowed to shoot?</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adammarelliphoto.com/2013/11/italian-law-street-photography/">the original</a> on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-03-17">March 17, 2017</span>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2015-02-15">15 February 2015</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interlex.it/testi/l41_633.htm#97">Art. 97</a>. Legge 22 aprile 1941 n. 633 - Protezione del diritto d'autore e di altri diritti connessi al suo esercizio (G.U. n.166 del 16 luglio 1941) / Testo consolidato al 6 febbraio 2016 (DLgs 15 gennaio 2016, n. 8). Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-05-05">2020-05-05</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interlex.it/testi/l41_633.htm#96">Art. 96</a>. Legge 22 aprile 1941 n. 633 - Protezione del diritto d'autore e di altri diritti connessi al suo esercizio (G.U. n.166 del 16 luglio 1941) / Testo consolidato al 6 febbraio 2016 (DLgs 15 gennaio 2016, n. 8). Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-05-05">2020-05-05</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/protection-of-research-participants.html">ICMJE | Recommendations | Protection of Research Participants</a>. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-10-02">2016-10-02</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schneier, Bruce (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2007-10-26">2007-10-26</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2007/10/untwirling_a_ph.html">Untwirling a Photoshopped Photo - Schneier on Security</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-10-02">2016-10-02</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/searchbyimage?image_url=">Google Images (Search by image)</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikimedia_Commons_policies_and_guidelines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Commons_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template:Commons policies and guidelines"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none 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guidelines">policies and guidelines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_policies" title="Category:Commons policies">Policies</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Project</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General_disclaimer" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General disclaimer">General disclaimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope">Project scope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Allowable_file_types" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Allowable file types">Allowable file types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Evidence" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Evidence">Evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Neutral_point_of_view" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Precautionary_principle" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Precautionary principle">Precautionary principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Pages,_galleries_and_categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Pages, galleries and categories">Pages, galleries and categories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use_of_gender_neutral_language" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use of gender neutral language">Use of gender neutral language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing">Licensing policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De_minimis" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De minimis">De minimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair_use" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair use">Fair use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-Art_tag" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag">When to use the PD-Art tag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision_deletion" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language policy">Language policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories">Category policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship">De-adminship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid_contribution_disclosure_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid contribution disclosure policy">Paid contribution disclosure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation_administrators/Policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation administrators/Policy">Translation administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures">Signatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username policy">Username policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_guidelines" title="Category:Commons guidelines">Guidelines</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What_Commons_is_not" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What Commons is not">What Commons is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">Non-copyright restrictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan_art" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan art">Fan art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity">Nudity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs of identifiable people">Photographs of identifiable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Derivative works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-scan_tag" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag">When to use the PD-scan tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries">Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image_annotations" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image annotations">Using ImageAnnotator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File naming">File naming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_renaming" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File renaming">File renaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting_existing_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting existing files">Overwriting existing files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered_old_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered old files">Grandfathered old files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated_media" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated media">AI-generated media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume_good_faith" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft_trolling" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft trolling">Copyleft trolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership_of_pages_and_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership of pages and files">Ownership of pages and files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific_galleries,_templates_and_categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific galleries, templates and categories">User-specific galleries, templates and categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback">Rollback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol">Patrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_licensing_help" title="Category:Commons licensing help">Licensing help</a><br/>(<a href="/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Copyright" title="Commons:Village pump/Copyright">Village pump</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing_a_license" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing a license">Choosing a license</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules">Copyright rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Copyright rules by subject matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by territory">Copyright rules by territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright tags">Copyright tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:PD_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:PD files">PD files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Copyright principles</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold_of_originality" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold of originality">Threshold of originality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Derivative works</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:2D_copying" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:2D copying">2D copying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots">Screenshots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom of panorama">Freedom of panorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored_copyrights" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored copyrights">URAA-restored copyrights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Using files</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing_content_outside_Wikimedia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing content outside Wikimedia">Reusing content outside Wikimedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Credit_line" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Credit line">Credit line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reuse_of_PD-Art_photographs" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reuse of PD-Art photographs">Reuse of PD-Art photographs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:How_to_detect_copyright_violations" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:How to detect copyright violations">How to detect<br/>copyright violations</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License_laundering" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License laundering">License laundering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Problematic_sources" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Problematic sources">Problematic sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Flickr_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Flickr files">Flickr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Bad_sources" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Bad sources">Bad sources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License_review" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License review">License review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wmf:">WMF</a> policies</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Office_actions" class="extiw" 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id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-meta mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Biographies_of_living_people" hreflang="en"><span>Meta-Wiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikispecies:Biographies_of_living_people" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" hreflang="en"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wikiquote:Quotes_by_living_persons" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiversity mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Biographies_of_living_persons" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiversity</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:Living_persons" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4663389" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In Wikipedia</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografie%C3%AB_van_lewende_mense" title="Wikipedia:Biografieë van lewende mense – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografieë van lewende mense" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="ويكيبيديا:سير الأحياء – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:سير الأحياء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ويكيبيديا:سير حياة ناس لسه عايشين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويكيبيديا:سير حياة ناس لسه عايشين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:জীৱিত ব্যক্তিৰ জীৱনী – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:জীৱিত ব্যক্তিৰ জীৱনী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیا:دیری‌لرین بیوقرافی‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:دیری‌لرین بیوقرافی‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Википедия:Замандаштарҙың биографиялары – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Википедия:Замандаштарҙың биографиялары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Вікіпедыя:Біяграфіі сучаснікаў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікіпедыя:Біяграфіі сучаснікаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%96%D1%8B%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Вікіпэдыя:Жывыя асобы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вікіпэдыя:Жывыя асобы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Уикипедия:Биографии на живи хора – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:Биографии на живи хора" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="विकिपीडिया:जियत लोग के जीवनी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="विकिपीडिया:जियत लोग के जीवनी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:জীবিত ব্যক্তির জীবনী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:জীবিত ব্যক্তির জীবনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografije_%C5%BEivih_osoba" title="Wikipedia:Biografije živih osoba – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografije živih osoba" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Biografies_de_persones_vives" title="Viquipèdia:Biografies de persones vives – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viquipèdia:Biografies de persones vives" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95_%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ویکیپیدیا:ژیاننامەی کەسایەتییە زیندووەکان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپیدیا:ژیاننامەی کەسایەتییە زیندووەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_o_%C5%BEij%C3%ADc%C3%ADch_lidech" title="Wikipedie:Články o žijících lidech – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wikipedie:Články o žijících lidech" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografier_af_levende_personer" title="Wikipedia:Biografier af levende personer – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografier af levende personer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_%C3%BCber_lebende_Personen" title="Wikipedia:Artikel über lebende Personen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wikipedia:Artikel über lebende Personen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B6%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%8E%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Βικιπαίδεια:Βιογραφίες ζώντων προσώπων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικιπαίδεια:Βιογραφίες ζώντων προσώπων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedio:Biografioj_de_vivantaj_homoj" title="Vikipedio:Biografioj de vivantaj homoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vikipedio:Biografioj de vivantaj homoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biograf%C3%ADas_de_personas_vivas" title="Wikipedia:Biografías de personas vivas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografías de personas vivas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ویکی‌پدیا:زندگی‌نامه زندگان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:زندگی‌نامه زندگان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikkelit_el%C3%A4vist%C3%A4_henkil%C3%B6ist%C3%A4" title="Wikipedia:Artikkelit elävistä henkilöistä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wikipedia:Artikkelit elävistä henkilöistä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Biographie_de_personne_vivante" title="Wikipédia:Biographie de personne vivante – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikipédia:Biographie de personne vivante" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedy:Biografyen_fan_libbene_persoanen" title="Wikipedy:Biografyen fan libbene persoanen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wikipedy:Biografyen fan libbene persoanen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biograf%C3%ADas_de_persoas_vivas" title="Wikipedia:Biografías de persoas vivas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografías de persoas vivas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A4_%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%93%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="વિકિપીડિયા:જીવંત વ્યક્તિઓનું જીવન ચરિત્ર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિકિપીડિયા:જીવંત વ્યક્તિઓનું જીવન ચરિત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="विकिपीडिया:जीवित व्यक्तियों की जीवनी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:जीवित व्यक्तियों की जीवनी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:%C5%BDivotopisi_%C5%BEivih_osoba" title="Wikipedija:Životopisi živih osoba – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija:Životopisi živih osoba" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%89l%C5%91_szem%C3%A9lyek_%C3%A9letrajza" title="Wikipédia:Élő személyek életrajza – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikipédia:Élő személyek életrajza" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1:%D4%B1%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B2_%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81_%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Վիքիպեդիա:Ապրող անձանց կենսագրություններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիքիպեդիա:Ապրող անձանց կենսագրություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografi_tokoh_yang_masih_hidup" title="Wikipedia:Biografi tokoh yang masih hidup – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografi tokoh yang masih hidup" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Dagiti_biograpia_ti_sibibiag_a_tattao" title="Wikipedia:Dagiti biograpia ti sibibiag a tattao – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Wikipedia:Dagiti biograpia ti sibibiag a tattao" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%C3%86vi%C3%A1grip_lifandi_f%C3%B3lks" title="Wikipedia:Æviágrip lifandi fólks – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wikipedia:Æviágrip lifandi fólks" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografie_di_persone_viventi" title="Wikipedia:Biografie di persone viventi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografie di persone viventi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%98%E5%91%BD%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E3%81%AE%E4%BC%9D%E8%A8%98" title="Wikipedia:存命人物の伝記 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:存命人物の伝記" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ვიკიპედია:ცოცხალი ადამიანების ბიოგრაფიები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვიკიპედია:ცოცხალი ადამიანების ბიოგრაფიები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3_%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಜೀವಂತ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳ ಜೀವನ ಚರಿತ್ರೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಜೀವಂತ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಗಳ ಜೀವನ ಚರಿತ್ರೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%83%9D%EC%A1%B4_%EC%9D%B8%EB%AC%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0" title="위키백과:생존 인물의 전기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:생존 인물의 전기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedija:Biografiniai_straipsniai" title="Vikipedija:Biografiniai straipsniai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikipedija:Biografiniai straipsniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Википедија:Биографии на живи личности – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Википедија:Биографии на живи личности" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:ജീവിച്ചിരിക്കുന്ന വ്യക്തികളുടെ ജീവചരിത്രങ്ങൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:ജീവിച്ചിരിക്കുന്ന വ്യക്തികളുടെ ജീവചരിത്രങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografi_orang_hidup" title="Wikipedia:Biografi orang hidup – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografi orang hidup" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8:%E1%80%9E%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%AF%E1%80%82%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%81%8F_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%91%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:သက်ရှိပုဂ္ဂိုလ်များ၏ အတ္ထုပ္ပတ္တိများ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:သက်ရှိပုဂ္ဂိုလ်များ၏ အတ္ထုပ္ပတ္တိများ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="विकिपिडिया:जीवित मानिसहरूको जीवनी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विकिपिडिया:जीवित मानिसहरूको जीवनी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografie%C3%ABn_van_levende_personen" title="Wikipedia:Biografieën van levende personen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografieën van levende personen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografier_om_levende_personer" title="Wikipedia:Biografier om levende personer – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografier om levende personer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86:%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A4_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%80" title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:ଜୀବିତ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିଙ୍କ ଜୀବନୀ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:ଜୀବିତ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତିଙ୍କ ଜୀବନୀ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Biografias_de_pessoas_vivas" title="Wikipédia:Biografias de pessoas vivas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Biografias de pessoas vivas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografiile_persoanelor_%C3%AEn_via%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Wikipedia:Biografiile persoanelor în viață – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografiile persoanelor în viață" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Википедия:Биографии современников – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Биографии современников" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%BB%D9%87%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AD_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="وڪيپيڊيا:جيئري ماڻهن جي سوانح حيات – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وڪيپيڊيا:جيئري ماڻهن جي سوانح حيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Biografije_%C5%BEivih_osoba" title="Wikipedija:Biografije živih osoba – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wikipedija:Biografije živih osoba" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%81%BD%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8:%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8_%E1%81%B5%E1%80%B0%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B8%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AF" title="ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး:ပိုၼ်း ၵူၼ်းၸိူဝ်းတိုၵ်ႉမီးဢႃႇယု – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး:ပိုၼ်း ၵူၼ်းၸိူဝ်းတိုၵ်ႉမီးဢႃႇယု" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BD_%E0%B6%A0%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1" title="විකිපීඩියා:සජීවී පුද්ගල චරිතාපදාන – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:සජීවී පුද්ගල චරිතාපදාන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Biografije_%C5%BEive%C4%8Dih_oseb" title="Wikipedija:Biografije živečih oseb – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Biografije živečih oseb" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografit%C3%AB_e_personave_t%C3%AB_gjall%C3%AB" title="Wikipedia:Biografitë e personave të gjallë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Wikipedia:Biografitë e personave të gjallë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Википедија:Биографије живих особа – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија:Биографије живих особа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Artiklar_om_nu_levande_personer" title="Wikipedia:Artiklar om nu levande personer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Artiklar om nu levande personer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE:%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:வாழும் மனிதர்களின் வாழ்க்கை வரலாறு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:வாழும் மனிதர்களின் வாழ்க்கை வரலாறு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వికీపీడియా:జీవించి ఉన్నవారి చరిత్రలు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వికీపీడియా:జీవించి ఉన్నవారి చరిత్రలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%97%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Википедиа:Зиндагиномаи зиндагон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Википедиа:Зиндагиномаи зиндагон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" title="วิกิพีเดีย:ชีวประวัติของบุคคลที่มีชีวิตอยู่ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิพีเดีย:ชีวประวัติของบุคคลที่มีชีวิตอยู่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:Ya%C5%9Fayan_insanlar%C4%B1n_biyografileri" title="Vikipedi:Yaşayan insanların biyografileri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Yaşayan insanların biyografileri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%AF%D1%88%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BD_%D1%88%D3%99%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Википедия:Яши биргән шәхесләр биографияләре – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Википедия:Яши биргән шәхесләр биографияләре" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F:%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Вікіпедія:Біографії живих людей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вікіпедія:Біографії живих людей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%A8%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AD_%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ویکیپیڈیا:بقید حیات شخصیات کی سوانح نگاری – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویکیپیڈیا:بقید حیات شخصیات کی سوانح نگاری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Tirik_insonlar_biografiyalari" title="Vikipediya:Tirik insonlar biografiyalari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vikipediya:Tirik insonlar biografiyalari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ti%E1%BB%83u_s%E1%BB%AD_ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_%C4%91ang_s%E1%BB%91ng" title="Wikipedia:Tiểu sử người đang sống – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Tiểu sử người đang sống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%B0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D6%BC%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A2:%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%A1_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A2_%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9F" title="װיקיפּעדיע:ביאגראפיעס פון לעבעדיגע פערזענליכקייטן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="װיקיפּעדיע:ביאגראפיעס פון לעבעדיגע פערזענליכקייטן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%94%9F%E8%80%85%E5%82%B3%E8%A8%98" title="Wikipedia:生者傳記 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:生者傳記" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%AC%9B%E5%9C%A8%E7%94%9F%E5%98%85%E4%BA%BA" title="Wikipedia:講在生嘅人 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Wikipedia:講在生嘅人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4663389#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 April 2024, at 22:27.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. 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