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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-起源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#起源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>起源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-起源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-密码组成" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#密码组成"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>密码组成</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-密码组成-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-破解密码的尝试" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#破解密码的尝试"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>破解密码的尝试</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-破解密码的尝试-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-寻宝者" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#寻宝者"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>寻宝者</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-寻宝者-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-质疑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#质疑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>质疑</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-质疑-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关质疑子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-质疑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-历史考证" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史考证"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>历史考证</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史考证-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相关文化作品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相关文化作品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>相关文化作品</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相关文化作品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">比尔密码</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。13种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beale-Chiffre" title="Beale-Chiffre – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Beale-Chiffre" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beale_ciphers" title="Beale ciphers – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Beale ciphers" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beale_ciphers" title="Beale ciphers – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Beale ciphers" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bealen_salakirjoitukset" title="Bealen salakirjoitukset – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bealen salakirjoitukset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiffre_de_Beale" title="Chiffre de Beale – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chiffre de Beale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C" title="חוברת ביל – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוברת ביל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cifrario_Beale" title="Cifrario Beale – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cifrario Beale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E6%9A%97%E5%8F%B7" title="ビール暗号 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビール暗号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szyfr_Beale%E2%80%99a" title="Szyfr Beale’a – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szyfr Beale’a" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cifras_de_Beale" title="Cifras de Beale – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cifras de Beale" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Криптограммы Бейла – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Криптограммы Бейла" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="பேல் மறை குறியீடுகள் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பேல் மறை குறியீடுகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BA%ADt_m%C3%A3_c%E1%BB%A7a_Beale" title="Mật mã của Beale – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mật mã của Beale" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q812923#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a 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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beale_Papers.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Beale_Papers.gif/220px-Beale_Papers.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Beale_Papers.gif/330px-Beale_Papers.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Beale_Papers.gif 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>《The Beale Papers》一书封面</figcaption></figure> <p><b>比尔密码</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英文</a>：<b>Beale ciphers</b>）是在1885年出版的一本小册子中提到的三份<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="密码">密码</a>；根据被破解的第二份密码，第一份密码说明了财宝的位置，第二份密码則说明了财宝的内容，第三份密碼則列出了财宝所有者的姓名。 </p><p>财宝的价值，換算今日貨幣达4,300万美元（2017年1月），並且總重約為3<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%99%B8" title="公噸">公噸</a>。然而，至今仍然未有人破解到其余两份密码或者找到第二份密码中所指明的财宝。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="起源"><span id=".E8.B5.B7.E6.BA.90"></span>起源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：起源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>比尔密码起源于1885年出版的一本23页小册子《The Beale Papers》，作者真实身份不详，通过代理人J·B·沃德（J.B.Ward）出版了小册子。小册子包含了三份密码及关于密码的故事： </p> <ul><li>1820年1月，一位自称托马斯·J·比尔（Thomas J. Beale）的人入住<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%A5%87%E5%A0%A1_(%E5%BC%97%E5%90%89%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E)" class="mw-redirect" title="林奇堡 (弗吉尼亞州)">林奇堡</a>的华盛顿旅馆（Washington Hotel），据旅馆主人罗伯特·莫里斯（Robert Morriss）的回忆，他“身高约6英尺，黑色眼睛和头发，深色皮肤，长相英俊，且受人欢迎”；比尔在3月突然离去。</li> <li>1822年1月，比尔重返华盛顿旅馆，与上次一样在春天时离去，并给莫里斯一个上锁的盒子。5月9日莫里斯收到比尔从圣路易斯市发出的一封邮件，邮件声称盒子中含有对比尔和他的合伙人相当重要的文件，要求莫里斯保管盒子10年，若比尔或其他取得他同意的人没有在此期间取回此盒子，莫里斯可以打开此盒子。比尔在信中称“盒子中除了给你的说明，其他文件是难以破解的。我将解读此文件的密钥留在一位朋友手中，他会在1832年6月将密钥邮寄给你”。</li> <li>1832年，原定于当年6月寄到的密钥始终没有出现，但莫里斯直到1845年才打开盒子。盒中有三份密码和给莫里斯的两封信。</li> <li>1862年，莫里斯已经84岁，仍然无法破解密码。他将密码交给了他的朋友，也就是这本小册子的作者。这本小册子的作者在研究密码的过程中，发现《独立宣言》是第二密码的密钥。</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/en:The_Beale_Papers" class="extiw" title="s:en:The Beale Papers">The Beale Papers</a></b></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="密码组成"><span id=".E5.AF.86.E7.A0.81.E7.BB.84.E6.88.90"></span>密码组成</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：密码组成"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beale_1.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="比尔第一密码"><img alt="比尔第一密码" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Beale_1.svg/120px-Beale_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Beale_1.svg/180px-Beale_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Beale_1.svg/240px-Beale_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">比尔第一密码</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beale_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="比尔第二密码（被破解）"><img alt="比尔第二密码（被破解）" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Beale_2.svg/120px-Beale_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Beale_2.svg/180px-Beale_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Beale_2.svg/240px-Beale_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">比尔第二密码（被破解）</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beale_3.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="比尔第三密码"><img alt="比尔第三密码" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Beale_3.svg/120px-Beale_3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Beale_3.svg/180px-Beale_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Beale_3.svg/240px-Beale_3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">比尔第三密码</div> </li> </ul> <p>三份密码都由1-4位的数字组成。已知的第二密码以一种<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BF%E6%8F%9B%E5%AF%86%E7%A2%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="替換密碼">替换密码</a>的方式加密，一般推测其他两份密码也是采取类似的加密方式。由于数字的范围都远超过字母表的字母数，密码对应的密钥可能是某一篇文章。 </p><p>以第二密码为例，每一个数字代表美国《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="独立宣言">独立宣言</a>》的文本中的第几个词的首字母，如1代表第1个词的首字母“w”，2代表第2个词首字母“i”。解密后的文字如下： <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209892">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{margin-top:0;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1em;text-align:left;padding-left:2em;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite cite{font-size:small}</style> </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I have deposited in the county of Bedford, about four miles from Buford's, in an excavation or vault, six feet below the surface of the ground, the following articles, belonging jointly to the parties whose names are given in number three, herewith:The first deposit consisted of ten hundred and fourteen pounds of gold, and thirty-eight hundred and twelve pounds of silver, deposited Nov. eighteen nineteen. The second was made Dec. eighteen twenty-one, and consisted of nineteen hundred and seven pounds of gold, and twelve hundred and eighty-eight of silver; also jewels, obtained in St. Louis in exchange for silver to save transportation, and valued at thirteen thousand dollars.The above is securely packed in iron pots, with iron covers. The vault is roughly lined with stone, and the vessels rest on solid stone, and are covered with others. Paper number one describes the exact locality of the vault, so that no difficulty will be had in finding it.</p></blockquote> <p>中文： <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209892"> </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><p>我在贝德福德郡，距Buford酒馆约4英里，6英尺深的洞穴或地窖埋藏了三号密码指定的一些人所拥有的物品：1819年11月第一次存入的物品有1014磅金和3812磅银。1821年12月第二次存入的物品有1907磅金和1288磅银，还有总值约13000美元的珠宝，在圣路易斯用银换取，以便运输。这些物品储存在带有铁盖的铁罐内。洞穴的内壁衬着石头。容器放置在结实的石壁上，并被其他物件覆盖。一号密码指明了藏宝处的地点，所以很容易就能找到它。</p></blockquote> <p>不过第二密码所依靠的《独立宣言》和目前最普遍的版本存在一些不同之处，如： </p> <ul><li>在第154个词“institute”和第157个词“laying”中间增加一个单词</li> <li>在第240个词“invariably”和第246个词“design”中间删除一个单词</li> <li>在第467个词“houses”和第495个词“be”中间删除十个单词</li> <li>在第630个词“eat”和第654个词“to”中间删除一个单词</li> <li>在第677个词“foreign”和第819个词“valuable”中间删除一个单词</li> <li>数字811（对应的单词为“fundamentally”）被用作“y”</li> <li>数字1005（对应的单词为“have”）被用作“x”</li></ul> <p>另外，原密码中还有一些错误的数字： </p> <ul><li>84（应为86）63 43 131 29 →consistcd（'consisted'）</li> <li>53（应为54）20 125 371 38 →rhousand（'thousand'）</li> <li>84（应为85）575 1005 150 200 →thc（'the'）</li> <li>96（应为95）405 41 600 136 →varlt（'vault'）</li></ul> <p>第二密码声称将财宝埋在Buford酒馆4英里以内的地方，现在这里已经成为一个寻宝热点。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="破解密码的尝试"><span id=".E7.A0.B4.E8.A7.A3.E5.AF.86.E7.A0.81.E7.9A.84.E5.B0.9D.E8.AF.95"></span>破解密码的尝试</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：破解密码的尝试"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>早期的研究者有Hart兄弟、Hiram Herbert Jr.等。創立美國黑室的赫伯特·雅德利和美軍信號情報服務部門的密碼學家威廉·F·弗里德曼（William F. Friedman）也對比爾密碼錶現出相當的興趣。1960年代成立了比爾密碼和財寶協會，其主要成員Carl Hammer對密碼做了大量研究。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="寻宝者"><span id=".E5.AF.BB.E5.AE.9D.E8.80.85"></span>寻宝者</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：寻宝者"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mel Fisher於1989年挖掘了位於Graham's Mill附近的土地，惟一无所获。<sup id="cite_ref-singh97_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singh97-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="质疑"><span id=".E8.B4.A8.E7.96.91"></span>质疑</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：质疑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有些研究认为，比尔密码至今仍未被破解的原因是密码本身是一个凭空捏造的恶作剧。相关观点有： </p> <ul><li>密码学家的统计学分析显示第一和第三密码的原文不是英文<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="语言分析（页面不存在）">语言分析</a>显示小册子与比尔的信件和密文在句子长度等方面很相似，可能为同一人所写。<sup id="cite_ref-Louis_Kruh_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Louis_Kruh-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nickell_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nickell-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-singh96_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singh96-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>比尔将密码分为三份也有可疑之处。<sup id="cite_ref-Louis_Kruh_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Louis_Kruh-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>如果其他人破解密码并找到宝藏，很可能不会去破解第三份密码，这显然不利于比尔和他的合伙人。<sup id="cite_ref-Biggest_Secrets_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biggest_Secrets-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>书中有一些词汇和其起源时间不符，例如比尔在1822年放入盒中的信含有“stampede”，但这个词直到1834年才出现于出版物中。<sup id="cite_ref-singh96_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singh96-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>第三密码太短，不足以列出比尔在信中指出的30人的信息<sup id="cite_ref-Biggest_Secrets_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biggest_Secrets-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历史考证"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2.E8.80.83.E8.AF.81"></span>历史考证</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：历史考证"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>据Peter Viemeister著《The Beale Treasure－History of a Mystery》，人口普查数据中有数个出生于维吉尼亚州的托马斯·比尔<sup id="cite_ref-singh97_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singh97-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%BB%B6%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="夏延族">夏延族</a>也有西部的金银财宝埋藏在东部山脉的传说<sup id="cite_ref-singh97_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singh97-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相关文化作品"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E5.85.B3.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96.E4.BD.9C.E5.93.81"></span>相关文化作品</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：相关文化作品"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2010年电影短片《The Thomas Beale Cipher》<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-singh97-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-singh97_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singh97_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singh97_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Singh, 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010414032825/http://members.fortunecity.com/jpeschel/gillog3.htm">The Beale Cipher: A Dissenting Opinion</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Gillogly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Gillogly（页面不存在）">James Gillogly</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptologia（页面不存在）">Cryptologia</a></i>, April 1980</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myoutbox.net/blove.htm">The Beale Ciphers</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060420134206/http://www.myoutbox.net/blove.htm">存檔</a>，存档日期2006-04-20., George Love</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Louis_Kruh-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Louis_Kruh_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Louis_Kruh_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angelfire.com/pro/bealeciphers/Graphics/Bamboozlement1.pdf">A Basic Probe of the Beale Cipher as Bamboozlement</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201212051926/http://www.angelfire.com/pro/bealeciphers/Graphics/Bamboozlement1.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Louis Kruh, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptologia（页面不存在）">Cryptologia</a></i>, October 1982 (PDF file, 70 kB)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nickell-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nickell_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Nickell, Joe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_virginia-magazine-of-history-and-biography_1982-07_90_3/page/310">Discovered: The Secret of Beale's Treasure</a>. The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. July 1982, <b>90</b> (3): 310–324. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/4248566"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 4248566</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&rft.atitle=Discovered%3A+The+Secret+of+Beale%27s+Treasure&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.aulast=Nickell&rft.date=1982-07&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=The+Virginia+Magazine+of+History+and+Biography&rft.pages=310-324&rft.volume=90&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4248566&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_virginia-magazine-of-history-and-biography_1982-07_90_3%2Fpage%2F310&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-singh96-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-singh96_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-singh96_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Singh, 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biggest_Secrets-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Biggest_Secrets_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Biggest_Secrets_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Poundstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Poundstone（页面不存在）">Poundstone, William</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biggestsecretsmo00poun_0">Biggest Secrets</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City">New York, NY</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Morrow_and_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="William Morrow and Company">William Morrow and Company</a>. 1993: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biggestsecretsmo00poun_0/page/127">127</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-688-11529-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-688-11529-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-688-11529-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&rft.aufirst=William&rft.aulast=Poundstone&rft.btitle=Biggest+Secrets&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-688-11529-2&rft.pages=127&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=William+Morrow+and+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbiggestsecretsmo00poun_0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thomasbealecipher.com/index.htm">The Thomas Beale Cipher: A Short Film by Andrew Allen</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-02-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801060614/http://www.thomasbealecipher.com/index.htm">存档</a>于2020-08-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&rft.btitle=The+Thomas+Beale+Cipher%3A+A+Short+Film+by+Andrew+Allen&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thomasbealecipher.com%2Findex.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angelfire.com/pro/bealeciphers/index.html">Beale Ciphers Analyses by Ron Gervais</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200202090953/http://www.angelfire.com/pro/bealeciphers/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=比尔密码&oldid=77290941">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=比尔密码&oldid=77290941</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a 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