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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">CodeView</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">David Norris</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">1985<span class="noprint">; 40 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1985</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Debugger" title="Debugger">Debugger</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>CodeView</b> is a standalone <a href="/wiki/Debugger" title="Debugger">debugger</a> created by David Norris at <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> in 1985 as part of its development toolset.<sup id="cite_ref-CV3x_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CV3x-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It originally shipped with Microsoft C 4.0 and later. It also shipped with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_(classic)" title="Visual Basic (classic)">Visual Basic</a> for <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_BASIC_PDS" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft BASIC PDS">Microsoft BASIC PDS</a>, and a number of other Microsoft language products.<sup id="cite_ref-CV87_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CV87-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was one of the first debuggers for MS-DOS to be full-screen oriented, rather than line-oriented (as Microsoft's predecessors <a href="/wiki/DEBUG_(DOS_command)" class="mw-redirect" title="DEBUG (DOS command)">DEBUG</a> and <a href="/wiki/SYMDEB" class="mw-redirect" title="SYMDEB">SYMDEB</a> or <a href="/wiki/Digital_Research" title="Digital Research">Digital Research</a>'s SID). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CodeView&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When running, CodeView presents the user with several <a href="/wiki/Window_(computing)" title="Window (computing)">windows</a> that can be tiled, moved, sized and otherwise manipulated via the keyboard or mouse, with CodeView 4.x providing a richer interface. Some of the windows include: </p> <ul><li>Code window – the code window showed the currently debugged code in its <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> context.</li> <li>Data window – a <a href="/wiki/Hex_dump" title="Hex dump">hexadecimal dump</a> of a user-specified memory area.</li> <li>Watch window – a contextual display of variables by name.</li> <li>Locals window – a contextual display of variables local to the current function.</li> <li>Command window – user commands (using the same or similar syntax as DEBUG and SYMDEB) could be entered here.</li> <li>Assembly window – the assembly (machine code) was displayed, allowing for single-stepping through functions.</li> <li>Register window – to visualize the <a href="/wiki/80x86" class="mw-redirect" title="80x86">80x86</a> register contents, including segments, flags and the <a href="/wiki/Floating-point_unit" title="Floating-point unit">FPU</a> (CodeView existed before <a href="/wiki/MMX_(instruction_set)" title="MMX (instruction set)">MMX</a> and other <a href="/wiki/SIMD" class="mw-redirect" title="SIMD">SIMD</a> extensions).</li> <li>Output window – a window showing startup operations and debugging information relating to breakpoints,<sup id="cite_ref-CV87_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CV87-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hardware breaks (interrupt 0 and 3), etc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Features">Features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CodeView&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>386 mode – 8086, 80286 and 80386 and later processors. 386 enhanced mode is activated by a menu option, allowing for 32-bit registers and disassembly.</li> <li>Monochrome monitor support – allows debugging on either a single color (CGA, EGA or VGA) monitor with page/memory swapping between the user application and the CodeView screen, or using a separate monochrome monitor. The monochrome monitor exists in memory address space 0xb0000, while the color monitor exists at 0xb8000 for text and 0xa0000 for graphics. Use of the monochrome monitor with its separate memory address space allows debugging graphics applications without affecting the display, as well as all text modes. Monochrome monitors are limited to 25 lines, whereas color monitors allow 25, 43 or 50 line mode, allowing for more information on the screen at the same time.</li></ul> <p>Creating symbolic debugging output, which allows memory locations to be viewed by their programmer-assigned name, along with a program database showing the source code line related to every computer instruction in the binary executable, is enabled by the command line switch -Zi given to the compiler, and -CO given to the linker. Variants like -Zs and -Zd provide lesser information, and smaller output files which, during the early 1990s, were important due to limited machine resources, such as memory and hard disk capacity. Many systems in those days had 8MB of memory or less. </p><p>CodeView handles all program models, including TINY, SMALL, COMPACT, MEDIUM, LARGE and HUGE, with TINY (DOS-based .COM files) having their symbolic debugger information stored in a separate file, with all of the other .EXE formats containing the symbolic information directly inside the executable. This often introduced a notable size increase, and it therefore became desirable for some developers to use #pragma switches within their C (and later C++) source code to prevent the majority of the application from having symbolic output, and instead limiting that output to only those portions which required it for current debugging. </p><p>CodeView version 3.x and 4.x introduced various transport layers, which removed some of the memory space limitations to this form of symbolic debugging. Typically the debugger runs in the lower 640KB memory space alongside the application being debugged, which greatly decreases the amount of memory available to the application being debugged. The transport layer allows only a stub to exist in main memory, while the bulk of the debugger code resides in EMS or XMS (memory above the 1 MB barrier, or outside of the normal 0 KB - 640 KB address space typically used by DOS programs). CodeView also came with a CVPACK command-line utility, which can reduce the size of the CodeView-generated information internally, while still retaining full symbolic access to data. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visual_C++_support"><span id="Visual_C.2B.2B_support"></span>Visual C++ support</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CodeView&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Visual C++ support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Microsoft released <a href="/wiki/Visual_C%2B%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual C++">Visual C++</a> 1.0 with CodeView functionality integrated directly into a single programming environment, known as the <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">Integrated Development Environment</a> (IDE) -- though CodeView was still available in the 16-bit versions of Visual C++. <a href="/wiki/QuickC" title="QuickC">QuickC</a> and a number of other development tools in the 'Quick' series also supported this move to a single-source IDE, what became the precursor to the modern Visual Studio developer environment, as well as the model for countless other developer toolsets. </p><p>This integration was seen by many developers as a more natural way of developing software because both coding and debugging could be handled without switching programs or context, and all from the same logical location (even though internally many separate programs were running to support editing, compiling and debugging). As a result, most development tools and/or platforms offer similar products or features. </p><p>Today, the debugger is considered an integrated and essential part of the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Microsoft Visual Studio</a> family of products, and owes its true roots to CodeView, and the enhancements seen in version 4.x specifically. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symdeb">Symdeb</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CodeView&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Symdeb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another debugging product available from Microsoft in the mid-1980s was <i>SYMDEB</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-SYMDEB_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SYMDEB-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It had over 30 commands, and was described by <a href="/wiki/PC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Magazine">PC Magazine</a> as a step up from DEBUG.<sup id="cite_ref-PCW_1986_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PCW_1986-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Codeview in turn was described as "a fullscreen SYMDEB".<sup id="cite_ref-PCMag_1986_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PCMag_1986-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MSC4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSC4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CodeView&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borland_Turbo_Debugger" title="Borland Turbo Debugger">Borland Turbo Debugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoftICE" title="SoftICE">SoftICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X86_memory_models" title="X86 memory models">x86 memory models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio_Debugger" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio Debugger">Microsoft Visual Studio Debugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Program_database" title="Program database">Program database</a> - CodeView formats and types are still present in debugging information generated by modern C++ toolchains<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CodeView&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CV3x-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CV3x_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://winworldpc.com/product/codeview/3x">"CodeView 3.x"</a>. <i>WinWorld</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WinWorld&rft.atitle=CodeView+3.x&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwinworldpc.com%2Fproduct%2Fcodeview%2F3x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CV87-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CV87_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CV87_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Macro_Assembler" title="Microsoft Macro Assembler"><i>Microsoft Macro Assembler 5.1 - Microsoft CodeView and Utilities</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Corporation">Microsoft Corporation</a>. 1987. p. 157. Document No. 4108-40010-500-R03-1287.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Microsoft+Macro+Assembler+5.1+-+Microsoft+CodeView+and+Utilities&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=Microsoft+Corporation&rft.date=1987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SYMDEB-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SYMDEB_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPar2018" class="citation web cs1">Par, Jeff (2018-02-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcjs.org/blog/2018/02/25">"A Short History of SYMDEB"</a>. <i>PCjs Machines</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCjs+Machines&rft.atitle=A+Short+History+of+SYMDEB&rft.date=2018-02-25&rft.aulast=Par&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcjs.org%2Fblog%2F2018%2F02%2F25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PCW_1986-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PCW_1986_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nuXmVNll5JEC">"SYMDEB: A step up from Debug"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PC_World" title="PC World">PC World</a></i>. 1986-10-14. p. 296.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+World&rft.atitle=SYMDEB%3A+A+step+up+from+Debug&rft.pages=296&rft.date=1986-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnuXmVNll5JEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PCMag_1986-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PCMag_1986_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"SYMDEB". <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Magazine">PC Magazine</a></i>. Vol. 5, no. 17. <a href="/wiki/Ziff_Davis,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Ziff Davis, Inc.">Ziff Davis, Inc.</a> 1986-09-30. p. 38. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0888-8507">0888-8507</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Magazine&rft.atitle=SYMDEB&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=38&rft.date=1986-09-30&rft.issn=0888-8507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSC4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MSC4_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.os2museum.com/wp/ms-c-4-0-documentation-added">"MS C 4.0 Documentation Added"</a>. <i>OS2museum.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OS2museum.com&rft.atitle=MS+C+4.0+Documentation+Added&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.os2museum.com%2Fwp%2Fms-c-4-0-documentation-added&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://llvm.org/docs/PDB/CodeViewTypes.html#introduction">"CodeView Type Records — LLVM 13 documentation"</a>. <i>llvm.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=llvm.org&rft.atitle=CodeView+Type+Records+%E2%80%94+LLVM+13+documentation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fllvm.org%2Fdocs%2FPDB%2FCodeViewTypes.html%23introduction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CodeView&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPetzold1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Petzold" title="Charles Petzold">Petzold, Charles</a> (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/programmingwindo0000petz"><i>Programming Windows: the Microsoft Guide to Writing Applications for Windows 3</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781556152641" title="Special:BookSources/9781556152641"><bdi>9781556152641</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Programming+Windows%3A+the+Microsoft+Guide+to+Writing+Applications+for+Windows+3&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9781556152641&rft.aulast=Petzold&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprogrammingwindo0000petz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>CodeView Debugger User's Guide</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Corporation">Microsoft Corporation</a>. 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CodeView+Debugger+User%27s+Guide&rft.pub=Microsoft+Corporation&rft.date=1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodeView" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output 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title="Microsoft Visual Programming Language">VPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Application_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Application Markup Language">XAML</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">APIs and<br />frameworks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Native</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_API" title="Windows API">Windows API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Silverlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_XNA" title="Microsoft XNA">XNA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> 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