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id="toc-Barne_egitura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gainazaleko_geologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gainazaleko_geologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Gainazaleko geologia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gainazaleko_geologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inpaktu_arroak_eta_kraterrak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inpaktu_arroak_eta_kraterrak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1 Inpaktu arroak eta kraterrak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inpaktu_arroak_eta_kraterrak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lautadak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lautadak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.2 Lautadak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lautadak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egitura_konpresiboak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egitura_konpresiboak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.3 Egitura konpresiboak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egitura_konpresiboak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bulkanologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bulkanologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.4 Bulkanologia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bulkanologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gainazaleko_kondizioak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gainazaleko_kondizioak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Gainazaleko kondizioak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gainazaleko_kondizioak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exosfera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exosfera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Exosfera </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exosfera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eremu_magnetikoa_eta_magnetosfera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eremu_magnetikoa_eta_magnetosfera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Eremu magnetikoa eta magnetosfera </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eremu_magnetikoa_eta_magnetosfera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orbita_eta_errotazioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orbita_eta_errotazioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Orbita eta errotazioa </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Orbita_eta_errotazioa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Erakutsi/ezkutatu Orbita eta errotazioa azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Orbita_eta_errotazioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Orbitaren_erresonantzia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orbitaren_erresonantzia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Orbitaren erresonantzia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orbitaren_erresonantzia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eguzkiaren_mugimendu_erlatiboa_Merkurion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eguzkiaren_mugimendu_erlatiboa_Merkurion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Eguzkiaren mugimendu erlatiboa Merkurion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eguzkiaren_mugimendu_erlatiboa_Merkurion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merkurioren_prezesioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merkurioren_prezesioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Merkurioren prezesioa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merkurioren_prezesioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behaketa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behaketa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Behaketa </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Behaketa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Erakutsi/ezkutatu Behaketa azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Behaketa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Distira" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distira"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Distira </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distira-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behatzeko_gomendioak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behatzeko_gomendioak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Behatzeko gomendioak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Behatzeko_gomendioak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behaketaren_historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behaketaren_historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Behaketaren historia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Behaketaren_historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Erakutsi/ezkutatu Behaketaren historia azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Behaketaren_historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antzinaroko_astronomoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antzinaroko_astronomoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Antzinaroko astronomoak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antzinaroko_astronomoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikerketa_teleskopikoa_Lurretik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikerketa_teleskopikoa_Lurretik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Ikerketa teleskopikoa Lurretik </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikerketa_teleskopikoa_Lurretik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Esplorazioa_zundekin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Esplorazioa_zundekin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Esplorazioa zundekin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Esplorazioa_zundekin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mariner_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mariner_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.1 Mariner 10 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mariner_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MESSENGER" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MESSENGER"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.2 MESSENGER </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MESSENGER-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BepiColombo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BepiColombo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.3 BepiColombo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BepiColombo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merkurio_kulturan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merkurio_kulturan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Merkurio kulturan </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Merkurio_kulturan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Erakutsi/ezkutatu Merkurio kulturan azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Merkurio_kulturan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Musika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Musika </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura_eta_zientzia-fikzioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura_eta_zientzia-fikzioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Literatura eta zientzia-fikzioa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura_eta_zientzia-fikzioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zinema_eta_telebista" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zinema_eta_telebista"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Zinema eta telebista </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zinema_eta_telebista-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tamainaren_alderaketa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tamainaren_alderaketa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Tamainaren alderaketa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tamainaren_alderaketa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Ikus, gainera </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oharrak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oharrak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Oharrak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oharrak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Erreferentziak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Kanpo estekak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Merkurio (planeta)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 240 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-240" aria-hidden="true" > 240 hizkuntza </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurius" title="Mercurius – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mercurius" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(Planet)" title="Merkur (Planet) – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Merkur (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A3%E1%8C%A3%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B5" title="ኣጣርድ – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኣጣርድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio_(planeta)" title="Mercurio (planeta) – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mercurio (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%8Dden_(tungol)" title="Wōden (tungol) – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Wōden (tungol)" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekuri" title="Mekuri – oboloera" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Mekuri" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="oboloera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Obolo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="बुध ग्रह – angikera" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="बुध ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angikera" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A7_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="বুধ গ্ৰহ – assamera" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বুধ গ্ৰহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamera" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercuriu_(planeta)" title="Mercuriu (planeta) – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mercuriu (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niskaduz" title="Niskaduz – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Niskaduz" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="बुध ग्रह – awadhiera" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="बुध ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuri_(planet)" title="Merkuri (planet) – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Merkuri (planet)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9rkurius" title="Mérkurius – baliera" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mérkurius" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="baliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(Planet)" title="Merkur (Planet) – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Merkur (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkor%C4%97jos_(planeta)" title="Merkorėjos (planeta) – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Merkorėjos (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuryo_(planeta)" title="Merkuryo (planeta) – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Merkuryo (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Меркурый – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Меркурый" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Мэркурый – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэркурый" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utarid" title="Utarid – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Utarid" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Меркурий (планета) – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Меркурий (планета)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7_(%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9)" title="बुध (ग्रह) – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बुध (ग्रह)" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A7_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="বুধ গ্রহ – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বুধ গ্রহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%B7%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="ལྷག་པ། – tibetera" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལྷག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetera" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merc%27her_(planedenn)" title="Merc'her (planedenn) – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Merc'her (planedenn)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3)" title="Һагба (гараг) – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Һагба (гараг)" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercuri_(planeta)" title="Mercuri (planeta) – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mercuri (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C5%ABi-s%C4%ADng" title="Cūi-sĭng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cūi-sĭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – txetxenera" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxenera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuryo_(planeta)" title="Merkuryo (planeta) – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Merkuryo (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%B9%E1%8E%AB%E1%8E%B5" title="ᎹᎫᎵ – txerokiera" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎹᎫᎵ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="txerokiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95" title="زاوە – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زاوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercuriu_(pianeta)" title="Mercuriu (pianeta) – korsikera" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Mercuriu (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cr mw-list-item"><a href="https://cr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Archives/%E1%91%96%E1%90%A2%E1%91%95%E1%90%B2%E1%90%8A%E1%90%A7%E1%91%96%E1%95%81" title="Wikipedia:Archives/ᑖᐢᑕᐲᐊᐧᑖᕁ – Cree" lang="cr" hreflang="cr" data-title="Wikipedia:Archives/ᑖᐢᑕᐲᐊᐧᑖᕁ" data-language-autonym="Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ" data-language-local-name="Cree" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utarit" title="Utarit – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Utarit" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(planeta)" title="Merkur (planeta) – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Merkur (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merk%C3%B9ri" title="Merkùri – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Merkùri" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Єрмии – elizako eslaviera" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Єрмии" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="elizako eslaviera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercher_(planed)" title="Mercher (planed) – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mercher (planed)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(planet)" title="Merkur (planet) – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Merkur (planet)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(Planet)" title="Merkur (Planet) – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Merkur (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(planet)" title="Merkur (planet) – behe-sorabiera" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Merkur (planet)" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="behe-sorabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="बुधग्रह – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="बुधग्रह" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2" title="མར་ཀུ་རི – dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="མར་ཀུ་རི" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82_(%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82)" title="Ερμής (πλανήτης) – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ερμής (πλανήτης)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merc%C3%BBri" title="Mercûri – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Mercûri" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet) – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mercury (planet)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuro_(planedo)" title="Merkuro (planedo) – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Merkuro (planedo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio_(planeta)" title="Mercurio (planeta) – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mercurio (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuur" title="Merkuur – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Merkuur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercuriu_(praneta)" title="Mercuriu (praneta) – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mercuriu (praneta)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuur" title="Merkuur – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Merkuur" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury" title="Mercury – fijiera" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Mercury" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – faroera" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercure_(plan%C3%A8te)" title="Mercure (planète) – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mercure (planète)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8rcuro_(plan%C3%A8ta)" title="Mèrcuro (planèta) – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mèrcuro (planèta)" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – iparraldeko frisiera" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="iparraldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuerius_(planeet)" title="Merkuerius (planeet) – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Merkuerius (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mearcair_(pl%C3%A1in%C3%A9ad)" title="Mearcair (pláinéad) – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mearcair (pláinéad)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="水星" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8rkir_(plan%C3%A8t)" title="Mèrkir (planèt) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Mèrkir (planèt)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mearcar_(planaid)" title="Mearcar (planaid) – Eskoziako gaelikoa" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mearcar (planaid)" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Eskoziako gaelikoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio_(planeta)" title="Mercurio (planeta) – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mercurio (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عۊطارد – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="عۊطارد" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mek%C3%BArio" title="Mekúrio – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mekúrio" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A7_(%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9)" title="બુધ (ગ્રહ) – gujaratera" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બુધ (ગ્રહ)" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujaratera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curain" title="Curain – manxera" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Curain" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manxera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAi-s%C3%AAn" title="Súi-sên – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Súi-sên" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukaliali%CA%BBi" title="Ukalialiʻi – hawaiiera" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Ukalialiʻi" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%91_%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%94" title="כוכב חמה – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כוכב חמה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7_(%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9)" title="बुध (ग्रह) – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बुध (ग्रह)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budhgrah" title="Budhgrah – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Budhgrah" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – goi-sorabiera" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="goi-sorabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8ki_(plan%C3%A8t)" title="Mèki (planèt) – Haitiko kreolera" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mèki (planèt)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitiko kreolera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merk%C3%BAr" title="Merkúr – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Merkúr" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AB_(%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF)" title="Մերկուրի (մոլորակ) – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մերկուրի (մոլորակ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio_(planeta)" title="Mercurio (planeta) – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mercurio (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercur" title="Mercur – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Mercur" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurio" title="Merkurio – ilocanoera" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Merkurio" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – ingushera" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingushera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuro" title="Merkuro – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Merkuro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merk%C3%BAr_(reikistjarna)" title="Merkúr (reikistjarna) – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Merkúr (reikistjarna)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio_(astronomia)" title="Mercurio (astronomia) – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mercurio (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%92%A5%E1%95%90%E1%91%B0%E1%95%86" title="ᒥᕐᑰᕆ – inuitera" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᒥᕐᑰᕆ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuitera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="水星" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moerkiuri_(planit)" title="Moerkiuri (planit) – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Moerkiuri (planit)" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/merkurios" title="merkurios – lojbana" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="merkurios" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojbana" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – javera" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="მერკური – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მერკური" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuriy_(planeta)" title="Merkuriy (planeta) – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Merkuriy (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziwe%C9%A3_(amtiweg)" title="Aziweɣ (amtiweg) – kabiliera" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aziweɣ (amtiweg)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabiliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%9B%C9%9Brkiiri" title="Mɛɛrkiiri – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Mɛɛrkiiri" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makyuri" title="Makyuri – tyapa" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Makyuri" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyapa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkure" title="Merkure – kikongoa" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Merkure" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makiur%C4%A9" title="Makiurĩ – kikuyuera" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Makiurĩ" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyuera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_(%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Меркурий (ғаламшар) – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Меркурий (ғаламшар)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%92_(%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96)" title="ពុធ (ភព) – khemerera" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ពុធ (ភព)" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khemerera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A7" title="ಬುಧ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬುಧ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%84%B1" title="수성 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%84%D8%AF_(%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%9B%DB%81%D9%8F%D8%AF)" title="بۄد (گرٛہُد) – kaxmirera" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="بۄد (گرٛہُد)" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kaxmirera" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merrkuur_(Planneet)" title="Merrkuur (Planneet) – koloniera" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Merrkuur (Planneet)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="koloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AEr_(gerst%C3%AArk)" title="Tîr (gerstêrk) – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tîr (gerstêrk)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – komiera" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merher_(planet)" title="Merher (planet) – kornubiera" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Merher (planet)" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornubiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurius_(planeta)" title="Mercurius (planeta) – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mercurius (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(Plan%C3%A9it)" title="Merkur (Planéit) – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Merkur (Planéit)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – lezginera" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezginera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio" title="Mercurio – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mercurio" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurius_(planeet)" title="Mercurius (planeet) – limburgera" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mercurius (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merc%C3%BBrio_(astronomia)" title="Mercûrio (astronomia) – liguriera" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Mercûrio (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miercul" title="Miercul – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Miercul" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio_(pianeta)" title="Mercurio (pianeta) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mercurio (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekul%C3%A9" title="Mekulé – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mekulé" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%94" title="ດາວພຸດ – laosera" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດາວພຸດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurijus_(planeta)" title="Merkurijus (planeta) – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Merkurijus (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurs_(plan%C4%93ta)" title="Merkurs (planēta) – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Merkurs (planēta)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8_(%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%8F%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5)" title="Меркури (шары тяште) – mokxera" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Меркури (шары тяште)" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokxera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkiora_(planeta)" title="Merkiora (planeta) – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Merkiora (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Меркур (планета) – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Меркур (планета)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%BB" title="ബുധൻ – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബുധൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Буд – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Буд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="बुध ग्रह – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बुध ग्रह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utarid" title="Utarid – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Utarid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurju_(pjaneta)" title="Merkurju (pjaneta) – maltera" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Merkurju (pjaneta)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%C3%BArio_(planeta)" title="Marcúrio (planeta) – mirandesa" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Marcúrio (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%B9%E1%80%93%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA" title="ဗုဒ္ဓဟူးဂြိုဟ် – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗုဒ္ဓဟူးဂြိုဟ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – mazandarandera" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarandera" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay%C4%ABnalc%C4%ABtlalli" title="Payīnalcītlalli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Payīnalcītlalli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurio" title="Mercurio – napoliera" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Mercurio" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur_(Planet)" title="Merkur (Planet) – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Merkur (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius_(planeet)" title="Merkurius (planeet) – behe-saxoiera" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Merkurius (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="behe-saxoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="बुधग्रह – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बुधग्रह" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81" title="सुनगु – newarera" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सुनगु" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – niasera" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="niasera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Li Niha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurius_(planeet)" title="Mercurius (planeet) – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mercurius (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeten_Merkur" title="Planeten Merkur – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Planeten Merkur" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurie_(planete)" title="Merkurie (planete) – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Merkurie (planete)" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9C%DF%90%DF%9E%DF%8E" title="ߜߐߞߎ – n’koera" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߜߐߞߎ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’koera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8rtchure" title="Mèrtchure – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mèrtchure" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3kiwii" title="Mókiwii – navajoera" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Mókiwii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercuri_(planeta)" title="Mercuri (planeta) – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mercuri (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerkurii" title="Meerkurii – oromoera" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Meerkurii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A7" title="ବୁଧ – oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବୁଧ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – osetiera" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A7_(%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF)" title="ਬੁੱਧ (ਗ੍ਰਹਿ) – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੁੱਧ (ਗ੍ਰਹਿ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merk%C3%BAriu" title="Merkúriu – pampangera" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Merkúriu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekuri_(planet)" title="Mekuri (planet) – Nigeriako pidgina" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Mekuri (planet)" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigeriako pidgina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Naijá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkury" title="Merkury – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Merkury" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercuri_(pianeta)" title="Mercuri (pianeta) – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Mercuri (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merc%C3%BArio_(planeta)" title="Mercúrio (planeta) – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mercúrio (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatuylla" title="Qatuylla – kitxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qatuylla" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kitxua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercur_(planet)" title="Mercur (planet) – erretorromaniera" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Mercur (planet)" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="erretorromaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budor" title="Budor – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Budor" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercur_(planet%C4%83)" title="Mercur (planetă) – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mercur (planetă)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercur_(planet%C3%A2)" title="Mercur (planetâ) – aromaniera" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Mercur (planetâ)" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Меркур (планета) – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Меркур (планета)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%83" title="बुधः – sanskritoa" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="बुधः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D2%A5%D1%8D" title="Мэндэҥэ – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мэндэҥэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9D_%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ – santalera" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merc%C3%B9riu_(praneta)" title="Mercùriu (praneta) – sardiniera" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Mercùriu (praneta)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mircuriu_(pianeta)" title="Mircuriu (pianeta) – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mircuriu (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercur_(planet)" title="Mercur (planet) – eskoziera" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mercur (planet)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="eskoziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – iparraldeko samiera" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="iparraldeko samiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azwaq" title="Azwaq – tachelhita" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Azwaq" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhita" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B0" title="බුධ – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බුධ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mercury (planet)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merk%C3%BAr" title="Merkúr – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Merkúr" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – Inariko samiera" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inariko samiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyamatsatse" title="Nyamatsatse – shonera" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nyamatsatse" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shonera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dusaa" title="Dusaa – somaliera" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dusaa" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuri_(planet)" title="Merkuri (planet) – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Merkuri (planet)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80" title="Меркур – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Меркур" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Merkur" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9rkurius" title="Mérkurius – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mérkurius" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurius" title="Merkurius – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Merkurius" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utaridi" title="Utaridi – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Utaridi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkury" title="Merkury – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Merkury" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D)" title="புதன் (கோள்) – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புதன் (கோள்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="బుధుడు – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బుధుడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Уторид – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Уторид" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%98" title="ดาวพุธ – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาวพุธ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuri%C3%BD" title="Merkuriý – turkmenera" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Merkuriý" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuryo_(planeta)" title="Merkuryo (planeta) – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Merkuryo (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuri" title="Merkuri – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Merkuri" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merk%C3%BCr" title="Merkür – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Merkür" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Меркурий (планета) – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Меркурий (планета)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanya_la_Luskaka" title="Chanya la Luskaka – tumbukera" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Chanya la Luskaka" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbukera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81%C3%A8ro" title="Tāèro – tahitiera" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Tāèro" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="tahitiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Reo tahiti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – tuvera" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Меркурий – udmurtera" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Меркурий" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%83%DB%87%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A" title="مېركۇرىي – uigurrera" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مېركۇرىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurrera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B9_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Меркурій (планета) – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Меркурій (планета)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="عطارد – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عطارد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuriy" title="Merkuriy – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Merkuriy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merc%C3%B9rio_(astronomia)" title="Mercùrio (astronomia) – veneziera" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Mercùrio (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkurii" title="Merkurii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Merkurii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sao_Th%E1%BB%A7y" title="Sao Thủy – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sao Thủy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurius_(planete)" title="Mercurius (planete) – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Mercurius (planete)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuriy" title="Merkuriy – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Merkuriy" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mierkeure_(planete)" title="Mierkeure (planete) – valoniera" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mierkeure (planete)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuryo_(planeta)" title="Merkuryo (planeta) – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Merkuryo (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkuur" title="Merkuur – wolofera" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Merkuur" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolofera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="水星" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Меркурий һариг – kalmykera" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Меркурий һариг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmykera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMercury_(iplanethi)" title="IMercury (iplanethi) – xhosera" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IMercury (iplanethi)" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosera" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90)" title="მერკური (პლანეტა) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მერკური (პლანეტა)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8" title="מערקור – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מערקור" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BA%B9%CC%81rk%C3%BAr%C3%AD%C3%B9_(p%C3%A1l%C3%A1n%E1%BA%B9%CC%81t%C3%AC)" title="Mẹ́rkúríù (pálánẹ́tì) – jorubera" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Mẹ́rkúríù (pálánẹ́tì)" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndaundeiqraemx" title="Ndaundeiqraemx – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ndaundeiqraemx" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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Informazio gehiago nahi baduzu, egin klik hemen." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8986446">.mw-parser-output .noexcerpt{padding-top:10px}</style><div> <dl><dd>Artikulu hau Merkurio planetari buruzkoa da; beste esanahietarako, ikus «<a href="/wiki/Merkurio" class="mw-disambig" title="Merkurio">Merkurio</a>».</dd></dl></div> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><caption class="fn org" style="font-weight:bold">Merkurio <a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury_symbol_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="☿"><img alt="☿" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mercury_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/24px-Mercury_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mercury_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/36px-Mercury_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mercury_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/48px-Mercury_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury_in_color_-_Prockter07_centered.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Mercury_in_color_-_Prockter07_centered.jpg/270px-Mercury_in_color_-_Prockter07_centered.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Mercury_in_color_-_Prockter07_centered.jpg/405px-Mercury_in_color_-_Prockter07_centered.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Mercury_in_color_-_Prockter07_centered.jpg/540px-Mercury_in_color_-_Prockter07_centered.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1991" data-file-height="1974" /></a><div>Merkurio koloretan, MESSENGER ontziak hartua</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3">Ezaugarri orbitalak<a href="#cite_note-horizons-3">[3]</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Garai_(astronomia)" title="Garai (astronomia)">Garaia:</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=J2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J2000 (sortu gabe)">J2000</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Afelio" title="Afelio">Afelioa</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>69,816,900 km</li> <li>0.466 697 <a href="/wiki/Unitate_astronomiko" title="Unitate astronomiko">UA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Perihelio" title="Perihelio">Perihelioa</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>46,001,200 km</li> <li>0.307 499 UA</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ardatzerdi_handi" title="Ardatzerdi handi">Ardatzerdi handia</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>57,909,050 km</li> <li>0.387 098 UA</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Eszentrikotasun_orbital" title="Eszentrikotasun orbital">Eszentrikotasuna</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.205 630 <a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Orbita-periodo" title="Orbita-periodo">Orbita-periodoa</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>87.969 1 <a href="/wiki/Egun" title="Egun">egun</a></li> <li>(0.240 846 <a href="/wiki/Juliotar_urte_(astronomia)" title="Juliotar urte (astronomia)">a</a>)</li> <li>0.5 Merkurioko <a href="/wiki/Eguzki_denbora" title="Eguzki denbora">eguzki-egun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Periodo_orbital" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodo orbital">Orbita-periodo sinodikoa</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">115.88 d<a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Batezbesteko abiadura orbitala</div></th><td class="infobox-data">47.362 km/s<a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Batezbesteko_anomalia" title="Batezbesteko anomalia">Batezbesteko anomalia</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">174.796°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Makurdura_orbital" title="Makurdura orbital">Makurdura orbitala</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>7.005° <a href="/wiki/Ekliptika" title="Ekliptika">Ekliptikara</a></li> <li>3.38° <a href="/wiki/Eguzkia" title="Eguzkia">Eguzkiaren</a> ekuatorera</li> <li>6.34° <a href="/wiki/Plano_inbariante" title="Plano inbariante">plano inbariantera</a><a href="#cite_note-meanplane-2">[2]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Goranzko_nodoaren_luzera" title="Goranzko nodoaren luzera">Goranzko nodoaren luzera</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">48.331°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Perihelioaren argumentua</div></th><td class="infobox-data">29.124°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Satelite_natural" title="Satelite natural">Sateliteak</a></th><td class="infobox-data">None</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3">Ezaugarri fisikoak</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Batezbesteko erradioa</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>2439.7±1.0 km<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Seidelmann2007-5">[5]</a></li> <li>0.3829 Lur</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Zanpaketa</th><td class="infobox-data">0<a href="#cite_note-Seidelmann2007-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Gainazal azalera</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>7.48×107 km2<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a></li> <li>0.147 Lur</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Bolumen" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bolumen">Bolumena</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>6.083×1010 km3<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a></li> <li>0.056 Lur</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">Masa</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>3.3022×1023 kg<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a></li> <li>0.055 Lur</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Batezbesteko <a href="/wiki/Dentsitate_(fisika)" title="Dentsitate (fisika)">dentsitatea</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5.427 g/cm3<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Gainazal grabitatea</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>3.7 m/s²</li> <li>0.38 <a href="/w/index.php?title=G_indar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G indar (sortu gabe)">g</a><a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Inertzia_momentu" class="mw-redirect" title="Inertzia momentu">Inertzia momentuaren</a> faktorea</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0.346±0.014</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ihes-abiadura" title="Ihes-abiadura">Ihes-abiadura</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">4.25 km/s<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Errotazio periodo siderala</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>58.646 d</li> <li>1407.5 h<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Ekuatoreko errotazio abiadura</div></th><td class="infobox-data">10.892 km/h (3.026 m/s)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Makurdura_axial" title="Makurdura axial">Makurdura axiala</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2.11′ ± 0.1′<a href="#cite_note-Margot2007-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Ipar Poloko <a href="/wiki/Igoera_zuzen" title="Igoera zuzen">igoera zuzena</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>18h 44m 2s</li> <li>281.01°<a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Ipar Poloko <a href="/wiki/Deklinazio" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Deklinazio">deklinazioa</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">61.45°<a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">Albedoa</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>0.068 (Bond)<a href="#cite_note-MallamaMercury-7">[7]</a></li> <li>0.142 (geom.)<a href="#cite_note-MallamaMercury-7">[7]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; border:none; background-color:#f9f9f9; margin:0; text-align:left; line-height:1.2em; white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr> <th style="width:33%; padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">Gainazaleko <a href="/wiki/Tenperatura" title="Tenperatura">tenp.</a></th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">min</th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">batezbeste</th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">max</th> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left:1.0em">0°N, 0°W <a href="#cite_note-vasa-10">[10]</a></th> <td>100 K</td> <td>340 K</td> <td>700 K</td> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left:1.0em">85°N, 0°W<a href="#cite_note-vasa-10">[10]</a></th> <td>80 K</td> <td>200 K</td> <td>380 K</td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ageriko_magnitude" class="mw-redirect" title="Ageriko magnitude">Ageriko magnitudea</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">−2.6<a href="#cite_note-MallamaSky-8">[8]</a> - 5.7<a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-ephemeris-9">[9]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Diametro angeluarra</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4.5–13″<a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:#D3D3D3">Atmosfera<a href="#cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">[1]</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Gainazaleko <a href="/wiki/Presio_atmosferiko" title="Presio atmosferiko">presioa</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">arrastoa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Osaera</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>% 42 <a href="/wiki/Oxigeno" title="Oxigeno">oxigeno</a> molekular</li> <li>% 29.0 <a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio">sodio</a></li> <li>% 22.0 <a href="/wiki/Hidrogeno" title="Hidrogeno">hidrogeno</a></li> <li>% 6.0 <a href="/wiki/Helio" title="Helio">helio</a></li> <li>% 0.5 <a href="/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio">potasio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Argon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitrogeno" title="Nitrogeno">nitrogeno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karbono_dioxido" title="Karbono dioxido">karbono dioxido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ur_lurrun" title="Ur lurrun">ur lurrun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">xenon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">kripton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">neon</a> arrastoak</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-sistema" title="Eguzki-sistema">Eguzki-sistemako</a> <a href="/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta">planetarik</a> txikiena da, eta <a href="/wiki/Eguzkia" title="Eguzkia">Eguzkitik</a> hurbilen dagoena. Bere orbitaren periodoa 87,97 <a href="/wiki/Lurra" title="Lurra">Lurreko</a> <a href="/wiki/Egun" title="Egun">egunekoa</a> da, Eguzki-sistema osoko orbitarik laburrena. <a href="/wiki/Erromatar_mitologia" title="Erromatar mitologia">Erromatar mitologiako</a> <a href="/wiki/Merkurio_(mitologia)" title="Merkurio (mitologia)">Merkurio</a> jainkoaren izena darama, jainkoen mezularia. <a href="/wiki/Artizar" class="mw-redirect" title="Artizar">Artizarra</a> bezala, Merkurioren orbita Lurraren orbitaren barrutik geratzen da eta, beraz, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Behe-planeta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Behe-planeta (sortu gabe)">behe-planeta</a> bat da. Lurretik ikusita, ez da inoiz urruntzen 28º baino gehiago Eguzkitik. Eguzkiarekiko gertutasun honek esan nahi du bakarrik ikusiko dugula ekialdeko edo mendebaldeko ortzi-mugan <a href="/wiki/Ilunabar" title="Ilunabar">ilunabarrean</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Egunsenti" title="Egunsenti">egunsentiaren</a> aurretik. Momentu horretan izar distiratsu baten itxura izan dezake, baina ez da Artizarra bezain erraza ikusteko. <a href="/wiki/Teleskopio" title="Teleskopio">Teleskopio</a> batekin ikusiz gero, planetak faseak erakusten ditu, <a href="/wiki/Ilargia" title="Ilargia">Ilargiak</a> eta Artizarrak bezala, orbitan Lurrarekiko barnealde erlatiboan murgiltzen denean. Lurretik ikusita, fase horien <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodo_sinodiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodo sinodiko (sortu gabe)">periodo sinodikoa</a> 116 egunero errepikatzen da. Merkuriok <a href="/wiki/Itsasaldi" title="Itsasaldi">marea</a>-lotura du Eguzkiarekin, eta bere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbitaren_erresonantzia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbitaren erresonantzia (sortu gabe)">orbitaren erresonantzia</a> 3:2koa da<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>. Eguzki-sisteman, errotazio modu hori duen planeta bakarra da. Kanpotik ikusita, <a href="/wiki/Izar-finko" class="mw-redirect" title="Izar-finko">izar-finko</a> bat izango balitz bezala, bere ardatzaren inguri urtean behin. Merkurioren ardatzak Eguzki-sistema osoko okerdurarik txikiena du, 1/30 inguru. Bere <a href="/wiki/Eszentrikotasun" title="Eszentrikotasun">eszentrikotasuna</a> planeta ezagun guztien artean handiena da<a href="#cite_note-12">[oh 1]</a>; <a href="/wiki/Perihelio" title="Perihelio">perihelioan</a> Merkurioren distantzia Eguzkiarekiko <a href="/wiki/Afelio" title="Afelio">afelioan</a> duenaren %66a da. Merkurioren gainazalak <a href="/wiki/Krater" title="Krater">krater</a> ugari ditu, eta Ilargiaren gainazalaren antza handia du, erakutsiz ez duela izan jarduera <a href="/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia">geologikorik</a> milaka milioi urtez. Ez du ia <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosferarik</a> beroa mantentzeko, horregatik bere egun eta gauen arteko tenperatura aldaketak Eguzki-sistemako handienak dira: 100 Kelvin inguru (-173 °C) izaten ditu gauean eta 700 K inguru (427 °C) egunean zehar <a href="/wiki/Ekuatore" title="Ekuatore">ekuatoreko</a> eskualdetan<a href="#cite_note-:2-13">[12]</a>. Poloak etengabe daude 180 K (-93 °C) tenperaturatik behera. Planetak ez du <a href="/wiki/Satelite_natural" title="Satelite natural">satelite natural</a> ezagunik. Bi misio espazialek bisitatu dute Merkurio: <a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a> sateliteak bi hegaldi egin zituen, 1974 eta 1975ean; <a href="/w/index.php?title=MESSENGER&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MESSENGER (sortu gabe)">MESSENGER</a>, <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004an</a> espazioratu zena, 4.000 aldiz eman zizkion Merkuriori birak ahalik eta 20015eko apirilaren 30ean <a href="/wiki/Erregai" title="Erregai">erregaia</a> amaitu eta planetaren aurka talka egin zuen arte<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ezaugarri_fisikoak">Ezaugarri fisikoak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ezaugarri fisikoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Ezaugarri fisikoak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barne_egitura">Barne egitura</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Barne egitura»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Barne egitura">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Internal_Structure_of_Mercury-eu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Internal_Structure_of_Mercury-eu.jpg/220px-Internal_Structure_of_Mercury-eu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Internal_Structure_of_Mercury-eu.jpg/330px-Internal_Structure_of_Mercury-eu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Internal_Structure_of_Mercury-eu.jpg/440px-Internal_Structure_of_Mercury-eu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1154" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioren barne egituraren eskema.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Gravity_Anomalies_on_Mercury.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gravity_Anomalies_on_Mercury.jpg/220px-Gravity_Anomalies_on_Mercury.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gravity_Anomalies_on_Mercury.jpg/330px-Gravity_Anomalies_on_Mercury.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gravity_Anomalies_on_Mercury.jpg/440px-Gravity_Anomalies_on_Mercury.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Merkurion <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anomalia_grabitazional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anomalia grabitazional (sortu gabe)">anomalia grabitazionalak</a> daude: gorriz materia pisutsuagoaren kontzentrazioak, egiturak eta historia geologikoa egon dela proposatzen dutenak.</figcaption></figure> Merkuriok <a href="/wiki/Silikato" title="Silikato">silikatoz</a> osatutako azal bat duela ematen du, <a href="/wiki/Mantu" title="Mantu">mantu</a> guztiz solido baten gainean. Mantua <a href="/wiki/Burdin" class="mw-redirect" title="Burdin">burdin</a> <a href="/wiki/Sulfato" title="Sulfato">sulfatozkoa</a> dela uste da, eta kanpo nukleo likido bat duela, barne nukleo solido baten inguruan<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a>. Merkurio Eguzki-sistemako lau <a href="/wiki/Planeta_teluriko" title="Planeta teluriko">planeta telurikoetako</a> bat da, <a href="/wiki/Lurra" title="Lurra">Lurra</a> bezalako gorputz harritsu solido bat. Eguzki-sistemako planetarik txikiena da, 2.439,7 kilometroko erradioarekin <a href="/wiki/Ekuatore" title="Ekuatore">ekuatorean</a><a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a>. Merkurio Eguzki-sistemako <a href="/wiki/Satelite_natural" title="Satelite natural">satelite naturalik</a> handienak baino txikiagoa da, <a href="/wiki/Ganimedes_(satelitea)" title="Ganimedes (satelitea)">Ganimedes</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Titan_(satelitea)" title="Titan (satelitea)">Titan</a>; hala ere, bi satelite horiek baino masiboagoa da. Merkurio %70 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metaliko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metaliko (sortu gabe)">metalikoa</a> da eta beste %30 silikatoak<a href="#cite_note-:7-17">[16]</a>. Merkurio da Eguzki-sistemako bigarren planetarik dentsoena, 5,427 g/cm3ekin, Lurra baino pixka bat gutxiago, 5,515 g/cm3<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Grabitazio_kolapsoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Grabitazio kolapsoa">Grabitazio kolapsoaren</a> efektua kenduko balitz bi planetatan, Merkurioko materialak Lurrarenak baino dentsoagoak izango lirateke, hala ere, konprimatu gabeko dentsitatea 5,3 g/cm3 izango litzateke Lurraren 4,4 g/cm3ren kontra<a href="#cite_note-#1-18">[17]</a>. Merkurioren dentsitatea erabil daiteke bere barne-egituraren xehetasunak lortzeko. Lurraren dentsitate altua grabitazio-konpresioaren eragina bada ere, bereziki <a href="/wiki/Nukleo_(geologia)" title="Nukleo (geologia)">nukleoan</a>, Merkurio askoz txikiagoa da, baita barne eremuak ere, eta ez dago, beraz, konprimitua. Horregatik, hain dentsitate handia izateko modu bakarra barne nukleoa oso burdintsua izatea da<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a>. Geologoek uste dute Merkurioren nukleoak bere bolumenaren %55 hartzen duela; Lurrean %17 baino ez du hartzen. 2007an argitaratutako ikerketa batek proposatzen du Merkuriok barne nukleo likido bat duela<a href="#cite_note-#2-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a>. Nukleoaren inguruan 500 eta 700 kilometro inguruko lodiera duen silikatozko <a href="/wiki/Mantu" title="Mantu">mantu</a> bat dago<a href="#cite_note-#3-22">[21]</a>. Mariner 10 misioaren datuetan eta Lurretik hartutakoetan oinarritua, Merkurioren azalak 35 kilometro inguru ditu<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a>. Merkurioren gainazaleko ezaugarrietako bat arroila edo hegi sakonak edukitzea da, ehunka kilometroko luzerarekin. Uste denez hauek sortu ziren Merkurioren nukleoa hoztu zenean eta uzkurtu, gainazala jada solidoa zenean<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a>. Merkurioren nukleoak burdin eduki gehiago du Eguzki-sistemako beste edozein planetek baino, eta hainbat teoria proposatu dira hau azaltzeko. Onarpen handiena duen teoriak dio Merkurioren hasierako metal-silikato ratioa meteorito <a href="/wiki/Kondrita" title="Kondrita">kondritikoen</a> antzekoa zela, Eguzki-sistemako material harritsuaren ehuneko ohikoa. Bere masa gaur egungoa baino 2,25 aldiz handiagoa izango litzateke. Eguzki-sistemaren historiaren hasieran, Merkurioren masaren <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1/6}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>6</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1/6}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/365dd517702686649e6644a66665efd1a32be3ae" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.487ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1/6}"> zuen <a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">planetesimal</a> batek jo zuen, hainbat kilometroko zabalerako objektua. Talka honek jatorrizko azal eta mantuaren zati handi bat kendu zuen, nukleoa utziz osagai nagusi gisa. Antzeko prozesu bat proposatu da Ilargiaren sorrera azaltzeko, <a href="/wiki/Inpaktu_erraldoiaren_hipotesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Inpaktu erraldoiaren hipotesia">inpaktu erraldoiaren hipotesia</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a>. Beste teoria batek dio Merkurio Eguzkiaren energia irteera egonkortu aurretik sortu zela <a href="/wiki/Nebulosa_planetario" title="Nebulosa planetario">nebulosa protoplanetariotik</a>. Hasiera batean bere gaur egungo masaren bikoitza izango luke, baina <a href="/wiki/Protoizar" title="Protoizar">protoeguzkia</a> konpaktatu zenean Merkurioren tenperaturak 2.500 eta 3.500 K artean izango lirateke, eta baliteke 10.000 K ere hartzea. Tenperatura horretan Merkurioren gainazalean zeuden arroka asko baporizatu ziren, "arroka baporezko" atmosfera bat sortuz. Atmosfera hau <a href="/wiki/Eguzki_haize" title="Eguzki haize">eguzki-haizeak</a> guztiz kendu zuen<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a>. Hirugarren hipotesi baten arabera, <a href="/wiki/Nebulosa" title="Nebulosa">eguzki-nebulosak</a> Merkurio sortzen ari zeneko partikulak erakarri zituen, partikula arinak Merkuriotik aldenduz eta euren <a href="/wiki/Akrezio" title="Akrezio">akrezioa</a> ekidinez<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a>. Hipotesi bakoitzak gainazalaren osaketa ezberdina aurreikusten du, eta bi espazio-misio antolatu dira neurketak egiteko. <a href="/w/index.php?title=MESSENGER&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MESSENGER (sortu gabe)">MESSENGER</a> espedizioa 2015ean amaitu zen, eta uste baino potasio eta sulfuro gehiago aurkitu zuen gainazalean. Inpaktu erraldoiaren hipotesiaren eta gainazalaren lurrunketaren hipotesiaren arabera hainbeste potasio eta sulfuro ez lirateke egongo, beroak desagerraraziko bailituzke<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a>. 2025an <a href="/wiki/BepiColombo" title="BepiColombo">BepiColombo</a> espedizioak hipotesiak frogatzeko behaketak egingo ditu<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a>. Azken aurkikuntzek hirugarren hipotesia hobetsiko lukete, baina oraindik ere analisi sakonagoak behar dira<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gainazaleko_geologia">Gainazaleko geologia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Gainazaleko geologia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Gainazaleko geologia">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">Sakontzeko, irakurri: «<a href="/wiki/Merkurioko_geologia" title="Merkurioko geologia">Merkurioko geologia</a>»</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:PIA19420-Mercury-NorthHem-Topography-MLA-Messenger-20150416.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/PIA19420-Mercury-NorthHem-Topography-MLA-Messenger-20150416.jpg/220px-PIA19420-Mercury-NorthHem-Topography-MLA-Messenger-20150416.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/PIA19420-Mercury-NorthHem-Topography-MLA-Messenger-20150416.jpg/330px-PIA19420-Mercury-NorthHem-Topography-MLA-Messenger-20150416.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/PIA19420-Mercury-NorthHem-Topography-MLA-Messenger-20150416.jpg/440px-PIA19420-Mercury-NorthHem-Topography-MLA-Messenger-20150416.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3750" data-file-height="3752" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioren ipar hemisferioaren topografia.</figcaption></figure> Merkurioren gainazalak <a href="/wiki/Ilargia" title="Ilargia">Ilargiaren</a> gainazalaren antza handia du, itsas-itxurako lautada estentsiboekin eta <a href="/wiki/Krater" title="Krater">krater</a> ugarirekin, erakutsiz geologikoki inaktiboa izan dela mila milioika urtez. Merkurioko geologiaren ezagutza gehiena 1975ko <a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a> zundaren hegaldian oinarritzen da, baita Lurretik egindako behaketetan ere. Horregatik, <a href="/wiki/Planeta_teluriko" title="Planeta teluriko">planeta telurikoen</a> artean ezezaguna da. MESSENGER zundaren datuak prozesatu ahala, ezagutza hau handituz doa. Adibidez, krater berezi bat aurkitu da, kanporantz doazen hegiekin; zientzialariek "armiarma" izena jarri zioten<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a>, eta gaur egun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollodorus_(kraterra)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apollodorus (kraterra) (sortu gabe)">Apollodorus</a> izena darama<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">Albedo</a> ezaugarriak islapen ezberdina duten eskualdeak dira, <a href="/wiki/Teleskopio" title="Teleskopio">teleskopioarekin</a> ikusita. Merkuriok <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorsa (sortu gabe)">dorsa</a> izeneko arroilak, Ilargiaren antzeko <a href="/wiki/Goi-ordoki" title="Goi-ordoki">goi-ordokiak</a>, mendiak, lautadak, hegiak eta bailarak ditu<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-ch7-34">[33]</a>. Merkurioko ezaugarriak izendatzeko erabiltzen diren terminoak hainbat iturrietatik datoz. Bakarrik hildako pertsonen izenak jar daitezke. Kraterren izenak artista, musikari, margolari eta idazleenak dira, euren eremuan lan nabarmena egin badute. Hegiek edo dorsak Merkurioren ikerketan paper garrantzitsua izan duten zientzialarien izenak daramatzate. Sakonuneak edo fosak arkitektura izenekin deitzen dira. Mendiak edo montes "bero" hitzarekin, hizkuntza ezberdinetan. Lautadak edo planitiae Merkurioren izenekin hizkuntza ezberdinetan. Arroilak edo rupes zientzia espedizioetako itsasontzien izenekin deitzen dira. Bailarak edo valles <a href="/wiki/Irrati-teleskopio" title="Irrati-teleskopio">irrati-teleskopioen</a> izenekin<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a>. Merkuriok <a href="/wiki/Kometa" title="Kometa">kometa</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">asteroideen</a> bonbardaketa indartsua jasan zuen bere formazioaren ostean, orain dela 4.600 milioi urte. Orain dela 3.800 milioi urte amaitu zen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bonbardaketa_Indartsu_Berantiarra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bonbardaketa Indartsu Berantiarra (sortu gabe)">Bonbardaketa Indartsu Berantiarra</a> izeneko prozesuan ere talka ugari jasan zituen<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a>. Krater formazio garai honetan zehar Merkuriok inpaktuak jasan zituen bere gainazal osoan zehar,<a href="#cite_note-ch7-34">[33]</a> ez baitzuen <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosferarik</a> talka horiek gelditu edo murrizteko<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a>. Garai horretan zehar Merkurion <a href="/wiki/Sumendi" title="Sumendi">sumendi</a> aktiboak egon ziren; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caloris_arroa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caloris arroa (sortu gabe)">Caloris arroa</a> bezalako lekuak <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magma</a> beroarekin bete ziren, Ilargian aurki daitezkeen <a href="/wiki/Ilargi-itsaso" title="Ilargi-itsaso">Ilargi-itsasoen</a> antzeko leku lauak sortuz<a href="#cite_note-#1-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a>. MESSENGERrek 2008an egindako hegaldiek Merkurioren gainazala hobeto aztertzeko aukera eman zioten zientzialariei. Merkurioren gainazala Marte edo Ilargiarena baino heterogeneoagoa da, nahiz eta geologiako aspektu batzuetan antzekoak izan, adibidez, itsaso eta goi-lautadatan. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Inpaktu_arroak_eta_kraterrak">Inpaktu arroak eta kraterrak</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Inpaktu arroak eta kraterrak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Inpaktu arroak eta kraterrak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 251.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 249.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:PIA19421-Mercury-Craters-MunchSanderPoe-20150416.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Munch, Sander eta Poe kraterren kolore faltsuzko irudia."><img alt="Munch, Sander eta Poe kraterren kolore faltsuzko irudia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/PIA19421-Mercury-Craters-MunchSanderPoe-20150416.jpg/374px-PIA19421-Mercury-Craters-MunchSanderPoe-20150416.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/PIA19421-Mercury-Craters-MunchSanderPoe-20150416.jpg/560px-PIA19421-Mercury-Craters-MunchSanderPoe-20150416.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/PIA19421-Mercury-Craters-MunchSanderPoe-20150416.jpg/747px-PIA19421-Mercury-Craters-MunchSanderPoe-20150416.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Munch, Sander eta Poe kraterren kolore faltsuzko irudia.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 218.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 216.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:PIA19450-PlanetMercury-CalorisBasin-20150501.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Caloris Arroaren ikuspegi topografikoa."><img alt="Caloris Arroaren ikuspegi topografikoa." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/PIA19450-PlanetMercury-CalorisBasin-20150501.jpg/325px-PIA19450-PlanetMercury-CalorisBasin-20150501.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/PIA19450-PlanetMercury-CalorisBasin-20150501.jpg/487px-PIA19450-PlanetMercury-CalorisBasin-20150501.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/PIA19450-PlanetMercury-CalorisBasin-20150501.jpg/649px-PIA19450-PlanetMercury-CalorisBasin-20150501.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5057" data-file-height="3272" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Caloris Arroaren ikuspegi topografikoa.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 340.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 338.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Oblique_Abedin_2015.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Abedin kraterraren barnealdea."><img alt="Abedin kraterraren barnealdea." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Oblique_Abedin_2015.png/508px-Oblique_Abedin_2015.png" decoding="async" width="339" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Oblique_Abedin_2015.png/761px-Oblique_Abedin_2015.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Oblique_Abedin_2015.png/1015px-Oblique_Abedin_2015.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1242" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Abedin kraterraren barnealdea.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 142px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 140px;"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Bernini_(MESSENGER).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bernini kraterra."><img alt="Bernini kraterra." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Bernini_%28MESSENGER%29.png/210px-Bernini_%28MESSENGER%29.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Bernini_%28MESSENGER%29.png/315px-Bernini_%28MESSENGER%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Bernini_%28MESSENGER%29.png/420px-Bernini_%28MESSENGER%29.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="815" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bernini kraterra.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:KuiperMercurianCrater.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kuiper kraterra"><img alt="Kuiper kraterra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/KuiperMercurianCrater.jpg/220px-KuiperMercurianCrater.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/KuiperMercurianCrater.jpg/330px-KuiperMercurianCrater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/KuiperMercurianCrater.jpg/440px-KuiperMercurianCrater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="658" data-file-height="628" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kuiper kraterra</div> </li> </ul> Merkurioko kraterrak tamaina oso ezberdinekoak dira, katilu itxurako zulo txikietatik, eraztun ugari eta ehunka kilometro dituzten <a href="/wiki/Talka_krater" title="Talka krater">talka arroetaraino</a>. Degradazio egoera guztietan aurki daitezke, inpaktu erlatiboki berrietatik, euren lerroekin inguruan, krater oso zaharren hondakinetaraino. Merkurioko kraterrak ezberdinak dira Ilargiaren kraterrekin alderatuta, euren eiekzioen ondorioz zuritutako eremua askoz txikiagoa delako, Merkurioren grabitate handiagoaren ondorioz<a href="#cite_note-history-39">[38]</a>. <a href="/wiki/IAU" class="mw-redirect" title="IAU">IAUren</a> arauak jarraituz, gutxienez hiru urtez hilda eta berrogeita hamar urtez famatu izan ziren artisten izenekin dei daitezke<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a>. Ezagutzen den kraterrik handiena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caloris_Arroa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caloris Arroa (sortu gabe)">Caloris Arroa</a> da, 1.550 kilometroko erradioarekin<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a>. Caloris Arroko kraterraren talka hain izan zen handia eta indartsua, ezen <a href="/wiki/Laba" title="Laba">laba</a> erupzio bat sortu zuen, 2 kilometroko eraztun zentrokide bat utzi zuena kraterraren inguruan. Caloris Arroaren <a href="/wiki/Antipoda" title="Antipoda">antipodetan</a> "Lurralde Arraroa" deitzen den gune muinotsu ez-ohiko bat dago. Hipotesi baten arabera bere jatorria Caloriseko inpaktuaren ondorioz sortu ziren talka-olatuak Merkurioren beste aldean batu ziren. Jasandako estresaren ondorioz, gainazala apurtu eta arrakalatu zen<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a>. Beste hipotesi batean, lurralde hori antipodetan sortutako eiekzio materiala bertan metatzeak sortu zuen<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a>. Gaurdaino 15 inpaktuzko arro identifikatu dira Merkurioko irudietan. 400 kilometroko zabalera duen arro nabarmen bat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolstoi_Arroa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tolstoi Arroa (sortu gabe)">Tolstoi Arroa</a> da; eraztun zentrokide bat baino gehiago ditu eta bere eiekzioak 500 kilometroko zabalera dute. Tolstoi Arroaren behealdea material leunetik estali dira. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beethoven_Arroa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beethoven Arroa (sortu gabe)">Beethoven Arroak</a> eiekzio kono antzekoa du, eta 625 kilometroko eraztuna<a href="#cite_note-history-39">[38]</a>. Ilargian bezala, Merkurioren gainazalak espazioko <a href="/wiki/Higadura" title="Higadura">higadura</a> jasan duela uste da, <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-haize" class="mw-redirect" title="Eguzki-haize">eguzki-haizeak</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrometeorito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrometeorito (sortu gabe)">mikrometeoritoen</a> eragina, adibidez<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lautadak">Lautadak</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Lautadak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Lautadak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:PIA02444.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/PIA02444.tif/lossy-page1-220px-PIA02444.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/PIA02444.tif/lossy-page1-330px-PIA02444.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/PIA02444.tif/lossy-page1-440px-PIA02444.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="311" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioko kraterren arteko lautadak.</figcaption></figure> Merkurion bi lautada eremu geologikoki ezberdinak daude. Kraterren arteko lautada muinotsu leunak dira Merkurioko ezaugarri geologikorik zaharrenak, krater ugariz josita egon arren. Kraterren arteko lautada hauek aurretik egondako hainbat krater estali dituztela ematen du, eta dituzten kraterrak txikiak direla ematen du, 30 kilometro ingurukoak<a href="#cite_note-history-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a>. Lautada leunak tamaina handiko eskualde lauak dira, lehenago existitzen ziren tamaina ezberdineko depresioak betetzen dituztenak eta <a href="/wiki/Ilargi-itsaso" title="Ilargi-itsaso">ilargi-itsasoekin</a> antza handia dutenak. Nabarmenak dira Caloris Arroa inguratzen dituztenak, adibidez. Ilargiko itsasoek ez bezala, lautada leun hauek lehenagoko kraterren arteko lautaden <a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">albedo</a> berdina dute. Ez dute dudarik gabe <a href="/wiki/Bulkanismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulkanismo">bulkanismoaren</a> ondorio direla esatea baimentzen duten ezaugarriak, baina kokapena eta duten itxura biribilduaren ondorioz sumendi jatorrikoak direla pentsatzera eraman gaitu. Merkurioko lautada leun guztiak Caloris Arroaren ondoren sortu ziren, krater dentsitatea askoz txikiagoa delako Calorisen eiekzio lekuetan baino. Caloris Arroko zorua bestelako arro lau batez osatuta dago, arroilekin apurtua egitura poligonalekin. Ez dago argi hauek laba bolkanikoak diren inpaktuaren ondorioz sortuak, edo talkak berak urtutako materiala<a href="#cite_note-history-39">[38]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Egitura_konpresiboak">Egitura konpresiboak</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Egitura konpresiboak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Egitura konpresiboak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:PIA19422-Mercury-CarnegieRupes-MDIS-MLA-20150416.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PIA19422-Mercury-CarnegieRupes-MDIS-MLA-20150416.jpg/220px-PIA19422-Mercury-CarnegieRupes-MDIS-MLA-20150416.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PIA19422-Mercury-CarnegieRupes-MDIS-MLA-20150416.jpg/330px-PIA19422-Mercury-CarnegieRupes-MDIS-MLA-20150416.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PIA19422-Mercury-CarnegieRupes-MDIS-MLA-20150416.jpg/440px-PIA19422-Mercury-CarnegieRupes-MDIS-MLA-20150416.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1664" data-file-height="1206" /></a><figcaption>Carnegie hegiak, tektonikaren ondorioa direla uste da.</figcaption></figure> Merkurioren gainazaleko egitura berezi bat dauden <a href="/wiki/Toles" title="Toles">toles</a> konpresibo kopuru altua da, lautadetan sigi-saga. Merkurioren barnealdea hoztu zenean, uzkurtu zen, eta gainazala deformatzen hasi zen, toles egiturak sortzen, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alderantzizko_faila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alderantzizko faila (sortu gabe)">alderantzizko failekin</a> lotuak. Sortutako hegi horiek 1.000 kilometroko luzerakoak izan daitezke eta 3 kilometroko altuerakoak<a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[45]</a>. Egitura konpresibo hauek beste egitura batzuen gainetik ikus daitezke, krater edo lautaden kasuan, berriagoak direla erakutsiz<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a>. Egitura guzti hauen mapa osatu denean, Merkurioren erradioa kilometro batetik zazpi kilometrora uzkurtu zela kalkulatu da<a href="#cite_note-:1-48">[47]</a>. Eskala txikiko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faila-plano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faila-plano (sortu gabe)">faila-planoak</a> ere aurkitu dira, hamarnaka metroko altuerakoak eta kilometro gutxi batzuetako luzerarekin, orain dela 50 milioi urte baino gutxiago sortuak. Honek erakusten du nukleoa oraindik ere uzkurtzen ari dela, eta gainazalean ezaugarri geologikoak daudela horren ondorioz<a href="#cite_note-:0-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-48">[47]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a> zundak antzeko failak aurkitu ditu <a href="/wiki/Ilargia" title="Ilargia">Ilargian</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bulkanologia">Bulkanologia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bulkanologia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Bulkanologia">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Picasso_crater.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Picasso_crater.png/220px-Picasso_crater.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Picasso_crater.png/330px-Picasso_crater.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Picasso_crater.png/440px-Picasso_crater.png 2x" data-file-width="1213" data-file-height="1207" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picasso_krater&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Picasso krater (sortu gabe)">Picasso kraterraren</a> zorua erori zen, ziurrenik azpian emandako bulkanismoaren ondorioz.</figcaption></figure> MESSENGERrek lortutako irudiek erakutsi dute <a href="/wiki/Hodei_piroklastiko" title="Hodei piroklastiko">fluxu piroklastikoak</a> izan zirela Merkurion, altuera gutxiko <a href="/wiki/Sumendi" title="Sumendi">sumendietatik</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a>. MESSENGERren datuetan ere ikusi da gutxienez 51 kolada piroklastiko egon direla gainazalean, eta horietatik %90 inpaktu kraterretan eman direla. Inpaktuzko krater horien degradazioaren azterketa geologikoak erakutsi du jarduera piroklastikoa denbora luze batez egon zela bizirik Merkurion<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a>. Caloris Arroaren hego-mendebaldean dagoen depresio batean bederatzi sumendi tximinia daude gainezarriak. Bakoitzak zortzi kilometroko diametroa du. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumendi-konplexu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumendi-konplexu (sortu gabe)">Sumendi-konplexu</a> bat dela pentsatzen da. Tximinien zorua euren goiko aldea baino kilometro bat beherago daude, eta sumendi leherkorrek sortzen dituzten krater bolkanikoen antza dute, ondoren <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magmak</a> utzitako hutsunearen gainean kolapsatzen direnean. Zientzialariek ezin dute sumendi-konplexuaren adina zehaztu, baina uste dute mila milioi urte inguru izan ditzakeela<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gainazaleko_kondizioak">Gainazaleko kondizioak</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Gainazaleko kondizioak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Gainazaleko kondizioak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:PIA19411-Mercury-WaterIce-Radar-MDIS-Messenger-20150416.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/PIA19411-Mercury-WaterIce-Radar-MDIS-Messenger-20150416.jpg/220px-PIA19411-Mercury-WaterIce-Radar-MDIS-Messenger-20150416.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/PIA19411-Mercury-WaterIce-Radar-MDIS-Messenger-20150416.jpg/330px-PIA19411-Mercury-WaterIce-Radar-MDIS-Messenger-20150416.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/PIA19411-Mercury-WaterIce-Radar-MDIS-Messenger-20150416.jpg/440px-PIA19411-Mercury-WaterIce-Radar-MDIS-Messenger-20150416.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2179" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioren Ipar poloaren irudia. Horiz, izotza dauden lekuak.</figcaption></figure> Merkurioren gainazaleko tenperatura 100 eta 700 K artean mugitzen da (-173 eta 427 °C) ekuatoreko punturik beroenetan<a href="#cite_note-:2-13">[12]</a>. Ez da inoiz 180 Kelvinetik igotzen poloetan<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a>, ez dagoelako atmosferarik eta tenperatura gradiente oso handia dagoelako ekuatoretik poloetara. Eguzkiaren azpian zehazki dagoen puntua 700 Kelvinetara iristen da <a href="/wiki/Perihelio" title="Perihelio">perihelioan</a> (0ºW edo 180ºW), baina bakarrik 550 K <a href="/wiki/Afelio" title="Afelio">afelioan</a> (90º edo 270ºW)<a href="#cite_note-:3-55">[54]</a>. Planetaren alde ilunean, tenperaturak 110 K inguruan egoten dira<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a>. Merkurion <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-argi" title="Eguzki-argi">eguzki-argiaren</a> intentsitatea 4,59 eta 10,61 aldiz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eguzki-konstantea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eguzki-konstantea (sortu gabe)">eguzki-konstantea</a> izan ohi da (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1.370\ W/m^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1.370</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1.370\ W/m^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fd566843df8e59c0b65399191129c143bf71b56a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.57ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1.370\ W/m^{2}}">)<a href="#cite_note-:3-55">[54]</a>. Egun argiko tenperatura Merkurioren gainazalean oso altua bada ere, behaketetan ikusi da <a href="/wiki/Izotz" title="Izotz">izotza</a> egon daitekeela Merkurion. Poloetako krater sakonetako zoruek ez dute inoiz eguzkiaren argirik jasotzen, eta tenperaturak bertan 102 Kelvinen azpitik egoten dira; batez besteko globalaren azpitik<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a>. Ur izotzak <a href="/wiki/Radar_astronomia" title="Radar astronomia">radarra</a> islatzen du, eta 1990eko hamarkadan egindako radar ikerketetan ikusi da poloetan isla gune lokalizatuak daudela<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a>. Izotza ez da honetarako arrazoi posible bakarra, baina astronomoek uste dute hori dela aukerarik probableena<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a>. Izozdun eskualde horiek 1014–1015 <a href="/wiki/Kilogramo" title="Kilogramo">kilogramo</a> izotz dutela kalkulatzen da<a href="#cite_note-:4-60">[59]</a>, eta <a href="/wiki/Sublimazio" title="Sublimazio">sublimazioa</a> ekiditen duen <a href="/wiki/Erregolito" title="Erregolito">erregolito</a> geruza batez estaliak egon litezke<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a>. Konparatzeko, <a href="/wiki/Antartikako_izotz-geruza" title="Antartikako izotz-geruza">Antartikako izotz geruzak</a>, Lurrean 4×1018 kg izotz ditu, eta <a href="/wiki/Marte" title="Marte">Marteko</a> izotz geruzak 1016 kg ur inguru ditu<a href="#cite_note-:4-60">[59]</a>. Merkurioko izotzaren jatorria ez da ezaguna, baina iturririk probableenak dira barneko uraren kanporatzea gas bidez, edo kometen inpaktuen ondorio izatea<a href="#cite_note-:4-60">[59]</a>. 2012an ura dagoela ziurtatu zuen <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASAk</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exosfera">Exosfera</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Exosfera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Exosfera">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Merkurio txikiegia da <a href="/wiki/Grabitazio" title="Grabitazio">grabitazioz</a> bere <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosfera</a> mantentzeko denbora tarte luzeetan; badu, hala ere, lotutako <a href="/wiki/Exosfera" title="Exosfera">exosfera</a> ahul bat<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hidrogeno" title="Hidrogeno">hidrogeno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helio" title="Helio">helio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxigeno" title="Oxigeno">oxigeno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio">sodio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaltzio" title="Kaltzio">kaltzio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio">potasio</a> eta beste elementu batzuekin, 0,5 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unitatea)" title="Pascal (unitatea)">nPa</a> presiopean<a href="#cite_note-nasa-4">[4]</a>. Exosfera hau ez da egonkorra, atomoak etengabe galtzen dira eta iturri ezberdinetatik berriro etortzen dira. Hidrogeno eta helio atomoen iturri probableena <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-haize" class="mw-redirect" title="Eguzki-haize">eguzki-haizea</a> bera da, Merkurioren <a href="/wiki/Magnetosfera" title="Magnetosfera">magnetosfera</a> behin sartuta bertatik hedatzen direnak, beranduago berriro espazioan amaitzeko. Merkurioren lurrazaleko <a href="/wiki/Erradioaktibitate" class="mw-redirect" title="Erradioaktibitate">erradioaktibitatearen</a> ondorioz helioa ere sor liteke, baita sodio eta potasioa ere. MESSENGERrek kaltzio, helio, <a href="/wiki/Hidroxido" title="Hidroxido">hidroxido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio">magnesio</a>, oxigeno, potasio, <a href="/wiki/Silizio" title="Silizio">silizio</a> eta sodio proportzio handiak aurkitu zituen. <a href="/wiki/Ur_lurrun" title="Ur lurrun">Ur lurruna</a> badago, prozesu ezberdinetatik etorria: talka egiten duten kometek ekarria, eguzki-haizeak dakarren hidrogenoaren eta arroken oxigenoaren ondorioz sortzen den ura, eta ur-izotz iturrien sublimazioaren bidez heltzen dena, poloetako kraterretatik. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {O+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {O+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a95d65828750770477d24328341e4c406165ea41" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.319ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {O+}}}">, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {OH-}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mtext>OH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {OH-}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/67df34a451cb63d51af2da3befde8d614e821737" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.062ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {OH-}}}"> eta <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {H2O+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {H2O+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b15393f5b40266d4ee387bf08326e3f99d38e3a3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:6.116ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {H2O+}}}"> <a href="/wiki/Ioi" title="Ioi">ioiak</a> aurkitzea ezusteko handia izan zen<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a>. Molekula hauek Merkurioren inguruko espazioan aurkitu zirenez, zientzialariek pentsatzen duten molekula horiek exosferatik etorri zirela eguzki-haizeak bultzatuta<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a>. Sodioa, potasioa eta kaltzioa 1980ko hamarkadan aurkitu ziren atmosferan, eta uste da gainazaleko <a href="/wiki/Arroka" title="Arroka">arrokek</a> mikrometeoritoen talkak jasaten dituenean izaten duten baporizazioaren ondorio direla<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encke_kometa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encke kometa (sortu gabe)">Encke kometaren</a> talkak ere eragina izan zuen<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a>. 2008an MESSENGERrek magnesioa aurkitu zuen<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a>. Ikusi denez, magnesio iturri nagusiak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polo_magnetiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polo magnetiko (sortu gabe)">polo magnetikoetan</a> daudenak dira. Honek <a href="/wiki/Magnetosfera" title="Magnetosfera">magnetosfera</a> eta planetaren gainazalaren arteko elkarrekintza bat adieraziko luke<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eremu_magnetikoa_eta_magnetosfera">Eremu magnetikoa eta magnetosfera</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Eremu magnetikoa eta magnetosfera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Eremu magnetikoa eta magnetosfera">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury_Magnetic_Field_NASA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mercury_Magnetic_Field_NASA.jpg/220px-Mercury_Magnetic_Field_NASA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mercury_Magnetic_Field_NASA.jpg/330px-Mercury_Magnetic_Field_NASA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mercury_Magnetic_Field_NASA.jpg/440px-Mercury_Magnetic_Field_NASA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2432" data-file-height="1716" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioren eremu magnetikoaren eskema.</figcaption></figure> Merkurio planeta txikia den arren, eta 59 eguneko biraketa egiten duen arren, <a href="/wiki/Eremu_magnetiko" title="Eremu magnetiko">eremu magnetiko</a> nabarmena eta, ematen duenez, globala du. Mariner 10 zundak egindako neurketek erakutsi zuten Lurraren eremu magnetikoaren %1,1 inguruko indarra duela. Merkurioren eremu magnetikoaren indarra ekuatorean 300 <a href="/wiki/Tesla_(unitatea)" title="Tesla (unitatea)">nT</a> ingurukoa da<a href="#cite_note-:5-72">[71]</a>. Lurraren eremu magnetikoa bezala, Merkuriorena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipolar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipolar (sortu gabe)">dipolarra</a> da. Baina Lurrean ez bezala, Merkurioko polo magnetikoak biraketa ardatzarekin lerrokatuta daude. Mariner 10 eta MESSENGERren neurketek erakutsi dute eremu magnetikoaren indarra eta egitura egonkorrak direla<a href="#cite_note-:6-73">[72]</a>. Eremu magnetiko honen jatorria <a href="/wiki/Dinamo" title="Dinamo">dinamo</a> efektua izango litzateke, Lurraren eremu magnetikoa sortzen den bezalako modu batean<a href="#cite_note-#2-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a>. Dinamo efektu hau barne-nukleoan dagoen <a href="/wiki/Burdin" class="mw-redirect" title="Burdin">burdin</a>-likidoak duen zirkulazioaren efektua da. Planetak duen eszentrikotasun handiak eragiten ditu <a href="/wiki/Itsasaldi" title="Itsasaldi">itsasaldiek</a> burdina likido mantenduko luke<a href="#cite_note-#3-22">[21]</a>. Merkurioren eremu magnetikoa nahikoa indartsua da eguzki-haizea ingurura eramateko, <a href="/wiki/Magnetosfera" title="Magnetosfera">magnetosfera</a> bat sortuz<a href="#cite_note-:5-72">[71]</a>. Planetaren magnetosfera, txikia izanda ere Lurrarekin alderatuta, nahikoa da ere eguzki-haizeak dakarren <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(fisika)" title="Plasma (fisika)">plasma</a> biltzeko<a href="#cite_note-:6-73">[72]</a>. Honek planetaren gainazala higatzen laguntzen du. Mariner 10ek egindako behaketek energia-baxuko plasma hau aurkitu zuen planetaren alde iluneko magnetosferan. Partikula energetikoak planetaren isatsean geratzen dira, magnetosferaren dinamika sortuz<a href="#cite_note-:5-72">[71]</a>. MESSENGERren bigarren hegaldian, 2008ko urriaren 6an, aurkitu zuen eremu magnetiko hau oso ezegonkorra izan daitekeela. Espazio-ontziak tornado magnetikoak aurkitu zituen, eremu magnetikoaren mugimenduak kanpoko eremuarekin lotzen. Turbulentzia horiek 800 kilometroko zabalera zuten, planetaren erradioaren herena<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orbita_eta_errotazioa">Orbita eta errotazioa</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Orbita eta errotazioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Orbita eta errotazioa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg/220px-ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg/330px-ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg/440px-ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioren orbitaren diagrama.</figcaption></figure> Merkurioren orbita planeta guztien artean <a href="/wiki/Eszentrikotasun" title="Eszentrikotasun">eszentrikoena</a> da. Bere eszentrikotasuna 0,21 da, Eguzkiaren gertuen dagoen unean 46.000.000 kilometrora dago eta urrunen dagoenean 70.000.000 kilometrora. Lurreko 87,969 <a href="/wiki/Egun" title="Egun">egun</a> behar ditu orbita bat betetzeko. Eskuman dagoen diagramak eszentrikotasun horren eragina erakusten du, <a href="/wiki/Ardatzerdi_handi" title="Ardatzerdi handi">ardatzerdi handi</a> bera duen zirkulu baten orbitarekin alderatuta. <a href="/wiki/Keplerren_legeak" title="Keplerren legeak">Keplerren legeen</a> adierazten duten bezala, Merkurioren abiadura handiagoa da <a href="/wiki/Perihelio" title="Perihelio">periheliotik</a> gertu dagoenean; diagraman bost egunean behin egiten duen bidea adierazten da. Diagraman ere Merkurioren tamaina aldakorra da Eguzkiarekiko duen distantziaren arabera. Eguzkiarekiko duen distantzia honek <a href="/wiki/Itsasaldi" title="Itsasaldi">itsasaldi</a> oso handiak sortzen ditu Merkurioren gainazaleko arroketan, Lurrean Ilargiak eragiten dituenak baino 17 aldiz indartsuagoak<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a>. Gainera, 3:2 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbita_erresonantzia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbita erresonantzia (sortu gabe)">orbita erresonantzia</a> du planetaren errotazioarekin, tenperaturaren aldaketa handiak eraginez. Erresonantziaren ondorioz Merkurioko egun batek bi urte irauten ditu, Lurreko 176 egun inguru<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a>. Merkurioren orbitaren <a href="/wiki/Deklinazio" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Deklinazio">deklinazioa</a> 7 gradukoa da Lurraren orbitarekiko (<a href="/wiki/Ekliptika" title="Ekliptika">ekliptika</a>). Ondorioz, Merkurio Eguzkiaren aurretik pasatzen da Lurretik ikusia oso noizbehinka, beti ekliptikaren planoan dagoen uneetan. Gutxi gora behera, zazpi urtean behin gertatzen da<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a>. Merkurioren <a href="/wiki/Makurdura_axial" title="Makurdura axial">makurdura axiala</a> ia zero da<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a>, neurtutako daturik zehatzena 0,027 gradukoa da. <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> da ondoren dagoen planeta makurdura axialik txikienarekin, 3,1 gradu (Lurrak 23,43685ºko makurdura du). Honek esan nahi du Merkurioko poloetan dagoen behatzaile batentzat Eguzkia ez dela inoiz ateratzen ortzi-muga baino 2,1 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arku_minutu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arku minutu (sortu gabe)">arku minutu</a> baino gorago<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orbitaren_erresonantzia">Orbitaren erresonantzia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Orbitaren erresonantzia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Orbitaren erresonantzia">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury%27s_orbital_resonance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mercury%27s_orbital_resonance.svg/220px-Mercury%27s_orbital_resonance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mercury%27s_orbital_resonance.svg/330px-Mercury%27s_orbital_resonance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mercury%27s_orbital_resonance.svg/440px-Mercury%27s_orbital_resonance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Orbitaren erresonantziaren eskema.</figcaption></figure> Urte luzez pentsatu zen Merkurio Eguzkiarekin sinkronikoki biratzen zuela, Ilargiak Lurrarekin egiten duen bezala. Horren ondorioz, Eguzkiari beti aurpegi bera erakusten ziola uste zen. <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">Radar</a> bidezko behaketen ondorioz <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965an</a> demostratu zen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbitaren_erresonantzia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbitaren erresonantzia (sortu gabe)">orbitaren erresonantzia</a> 3:2koa zela, hiru aldiz biratzen bere buruaren gainean Eguzkiarekiko egiten dituen bi birako. Merkurioren orbita hain da eszentrikoa ezen erresonantzia hori egonkorra bilakatzen den perihelioan, eguzkiaren itsasaldia indartsuagoa denean eta Eguzkia zeruan ia-geldi mantentzen<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a>. 3:2 erresonantzia arraro hori egonkortua dago orbita oso eszentrikoa delako, Merkurioren masa distribuzioan dipolo bat sortuz. Orbita zirkularra baldin bada, erresonantzia posible bakarra 1:1 da, Lurra-Ilargia bezala<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a>. Simulazio ezberdinak eginez proposatu da Merkurioren eszentrikotasuna <a href="/wiki/Kaos_(fisika)" title="Kaos (fisika)">kaotikoki</a> aldatzen dela ia zero izatetik (zirkularra) 0,45 arte milioika urtetako ziklotan, beste planeten perturbazioa dela eta<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a>. Eszentrikotasun altuko aro batean 3:2 orbita erresonantzia sortuko litzateke, modu honetan<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a>. Hala ere, beste simulazio zehatzago batzuen arabera Merkurioren erresonantzia 3:2 izan da hasieratik, bere historiako lehenengo 20 milioi urtetan Eguzkiaren orbitan sartu zenetik<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a>. Simulazioek ere erakusten dute <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erresonantzia_sekular&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erresonantzia sekular (sortu gabe)">erresonantzia sekular</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erresonantzia_orbital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erresonantzia orbital (sortu gabe)">orbital</a> batek perihelioan elkarrekintza izan dezakeela Jupiterrekin, Merkurioren eszentrikotasuna handituz. %1eko aukera egongo litzateke Artizarrarekin talka egiteko hurrengo 5.000 milioi urtetan<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eguzkiaren_mugimendu_erlatiboa_Merkurion">Eguzkiaren mugimendu erlatiboa Merkurion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Eguzkiaren mugimendu erlatiboa Merkurion»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Eguzkiaren mugimendu erlatiboa Merkurion">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Eguzkiaren eta Merkurioren arteko mugimenduak dituen berezitasunak direla eta, Eguzkiak mugimendu erlatibo berezia egiten du. <a href="/wiki/Perihelio" title="Perihelio">Perihelioan</a> abiadura handitzen duenez planetak Eguzkiak momentu batean aurretik izandako mugimenduaren kontrakoa egiten du. Adibidez, puntu batzuetan, Eguzkia atera eta gero, gelditu eta berriro sartzen da, handik denbora gutxira berriro ateraz. Beste puntu batzuetan Eguzkiak <a href="/wiki/Zenit" title="Zenit">zenita</a> pasa ostean, berriro itzultzen da atzera, zenitetik berriro pasaz, eta handik denbora batera berriro igarotzen da zenitetik ilunabarrerako bidea hartu arte. Logika berdina jarraituz, Eguzkia bi aldiz jartzen den lekuak ere badaude<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merkurioren_prezesioa">Merkurioren prezesioa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Merkurioren prezesioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Merkurioren prezesioa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Apsidendrehung.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Apsidendrehung.png/150px-Apsidendrehung.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Apsidendrehung.png/225px-Apsidendrehung.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Apsidendrehung.png/300px-Apsidendrehung.png 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="1900" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioren prezesioa erakusten duen eskema.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/1859" title="1859">1859an</a> <a href="/wiki/Urbain_Le_Verrier" title="Urbain Le Verrier">Urbain Le Verrier</a> matematikari eta astronomo frantsesak Merkurioren orbitaren prezesio arina nabaritu zuen. Eguzkiaren inguruan egiten zuen orbita arina ezin zen azaldu <a href="/wiki/Mekanika_newtondar" title="Mekanika newtondar">mekanika newtondarra</a> erabilita, ezta beste planeten eraginaren ondorioz. Proposatu zituen hainbat soluzioen artean, beste barne planeta bat edo <a href="/wiki/Planetoide" class="mw-redirect" title="Planetoide">planetoide</a> txikiak egotea zegoen, perturbazio hori azaldu ahal izateko<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Neptuno" title="Neptuno">Neptunok</a> <a href="/wiki/Urano" title="Urano">Uranoren</a> gainean eragiten zituen perturbazioen bidez aurkitu zen, eta horregatik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulcano_(astronomia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulcano (astronomia) (sortu gabe)">Vulcano</a> izeneko planeta proposatu zuten, nahiz eta ez zen inoiz aurkitu<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a>. Merkurioren perihelioaren prezesioa 5,6 arkosegundukoa da (1,5556º) mende bakoitzean, Lurrarekiko erlatiboa, edo 575,1±0.65 arkosegundu mendeko <a href="/w/index.php?title=ICRF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ICRF (sortu gabe)">ICRFarekiko</a> erlatibo. Mekanika newtondarrak, beste planeta guztien efektua kontutan hartuta, 5,557 arkosegunduko prezesioa aurreikusten du, mende bakoitzean<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a>. <a href="/wiki/XX._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XX. mende">XX. mendean</a> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einsteinen</a> <a href="/wiki/Erlatibitate_orokorra" title="Erlatibitate orokorra">erlatibitate orokorraren</a> teoriak azalpen bat eman zion ikusitako prezesio honi, grabitazioa <a href="/wiki/Espazio-denbora" title="Espazio-denbora">espazio-denboraren</a> kurbatzearen arabera definituz. Efektua txikia da: 42,98 arkosegundu mendeko Merkurion; beraz 12 milioi bira behar ditu beste bira gehigarri bat egiteko. Antzeko efektuan daude Eguzki-sistemako beste lekuetan ere, baina askoz txikiagoak: 8,62 arkosegundu Artizarran, 3,84 Lurrean, 1,35 Marten eta 10,05 <a href="/wiki/1566_Icarus" class="mw-redirect" title="1566 Icarus">1566 Icarusen</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaketa">Behaketa</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Behaketa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Behaketa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mercury.jpg/220px-Mercury.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mercury.jpg/330px-Mercury.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mercury.jpg/440px-Mercury.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2158" data-file-height="3300" /></a><figcaption>Messenger 10ek egindako argazkien mosaikoa.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distira">Distira</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Distira»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Distira">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Merkurioren <a href="/wiki/Itxurazko_magnitude" title="Itxurazko magnitude">itxurazko magnitudea</a> aldakorra da: -2,48 da momenturik gorenean, <a href="/wiki/Sirius" title="Sirius">Sirius</a> baino distiratsuago, eta +7,25 behe-konjuntzioan dagoena, begiarekin ikusteko ahulegia<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a>. Batez-besteko itxurazko magnitudea 0,23 da, eta desbideratze estandarra 1,78, handiena planeten artean. Merkurio behatzea zaila da, Eguzkitik gertuegi baitago, eta Eguzkiaren distiran artean galtzen da denbora luzean. Goizeko lehen orduan edo ilunabarrean baino ezin da behatu<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-eklipse" class="mw-redirect" title="Eguzki-eklipse">Eguzki-eklipse</a> bat dagoenean ikus daitekeen izar eta planetetako bat da<a href="#cite_note-Menzel-95">[94]</a>. Ilargiak eta Artizarrak bezala, Merkuriok <a href="/wiki/Ilargiaren_aldi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilargiaren aldi">faseak</a> ditu Lurretik ikusita. "Berria" da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Behe-konjuntzio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Behe-konjuntzio (sortu gabe)">behe-konjuntzioan</a> eta "betea" <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goi-konjuntzio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goi-konjuntzio (sortu gabe)">goi-konjuntzioan</a>. Planeta ikusezin egiten da Lurretik bi momentu horietan, batean Eguzkiaren aurretik dagoelako, eta bestean bere atzetik, ez bada fase berrian Eguzkiaren trantsitu batean ikusten<a href="#cite_note-Menzel-95">[94]</a>. Teknikoki, Lurretik ikusita unerik distiratsuena "betea" dagoenean da. Merkurio Lurretik urrunen dagoen momentua hori bada ere, alde argitu gehiago izateak oposizioan dagoenean baino distantzia konpentsatzen du. <a href="/wiki/Artizarra" title="Artizarra">Artizarraren</a> kasuan kontrakoa gertatzen da, distiratsuagoa da "ilgoran" dagoenean, Lurretik askoz gertuago dagoelako "ia-betea" dagoenean baino<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a>. Hala ere, Merkurioren ikuspenik distiratsuena (fase osoa) ia ezinezkoa da ikustea modu praktiko batean, Eguzkiarengandik gertuegi dagoelako. Merkurio hobeto ikusten da bere lehen eta azken laurdenean, nahiz eta fase horiek ez diren hain distiratsuak. Fase horiek Eguzkiaren ekialde edo hegoaldean <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elongazio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elongazio (sortu gabe)">elongazio</a> altuagoan gertatzen dira. Merkurio, Eguzkitik 17,9º bereizten da perihelioan eta 27,8º afelioan<a href="#cite_note-#4-97">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a>. Mendebaldeko elongazioa handiena denean, Merkurio Eguzkia agertu baino lehen ikusten da ostertzean, eta ekialdeko elongazioan Eguzkia sartu eta gero desagertzen da zerutik<a href="#cite_note-#5-99">[98]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Behatzeko_gomendioak">Behatzeko gomendioak</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Behatzeko gomendioak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Behatzeko gomendioak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury-in-dusk-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mercury-in-dusk-1.jpg/220px-Mercury-in-dusk-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mercury-in-dusk-1.jpg/330px-Mercury-in-dusk-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mercury-in-dusk-1.jpg/440px-Mercury-in-dusk-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a><figcaption>Merkurio ilunabarrean.</figcaption></figure> Merkurio errazagoa da ikusten <a href="/wiki/Tropiko" title="Tropiko">tropiko</a> eta azpi-tropikoetatik <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">latitude</a> altuetatik baino. Behe latitudetatik ikusia, urte sasoi eta ordu egokian, ekliptika horizontearekin intersekzioa du angelu altuan. Merkurio 10º egoten da ortzi-mugaren gainetik planeta Eguzkiaren gainean agertzen denean (hau da, orbita bertikala dela ematen du) eta bere Eguzkiaren elongazioa altuena denean (28º) eta Eguzkia sartu denetik denbora bat pasa denean eta, beraz, zerua ilun dagoenean. 10º da Merkurio zeru ilun batean ikus daitekeen altuera maximoa. <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">Latitude</a> ertainetan, Merkurio ikusteko aukera gehiago daude <a href="/wiki/Hego_hemisferio" title="Hego hemisferio">Hego hemisferiotik</a> <a href="/wiki/Ipar_hemisferio" title="Ipar hemisferio">Ipar hemisferiotik</a> baino. Honen arrazoia da Merkurioren mendebaldeko elongazio maximoa udazkenaren hasieran ematen dela Hego hemisferioan, bere ekialdeko elongazio maximoa Hego hemisferioaren neguaren amaieran gertatzen den bitartean. Bi kasuetan, planetaren orbitak horizontea zeharkatzen duen angelua maximoa da, hainbat orduz ikusteko aukera emanez, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Hego_Afrika" class="mw-redirect" title="Hego Afrika">Hego Afrika</a> bezalako lekuetatik<a href="#cite_note-#5-99">[98]</a>. Eguzkiaren norabidean ez begiratzeko kontu handiz, Merkurio <a href="/wiki/Teleskopio" title="Teleskopio">teleskopio</a> batekin ikus daiteke egun-argiz ere, kondizioak argiak baldin badira. Planeta aurkitzea erraza da, eta ilunabarrera itxoin beharrik ez dago ekliptikatik altuera gutxi duen garaietan (adibidez, udazkeneko arratsaldetan). Merkuriok 0,15 birako aldea du urtero, eta horregatik zazpi urtean behin ia gertakari berdinak ematen dira, baina zazpi egun lehenago<a href="#cite_note-#4-97">[96]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaketaren_historia">Behaketaren historia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Behaketaren historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Behaketaren historia">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antzinaroko_astronomoak">Antzinaroko astronomoak</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Antzinaroko astronomoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Antzinaroko astronomoak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury-bonatti.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mercury-bonatti.png/220px-Mercury-bonatti.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mercury-bonatti.png/330px-Mercury-bonatti.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mercury-bonatti.png/440px-Mercury-bonatti.png 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption>Merkurio Liber Astronomiaen, 1550.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Shatir500.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Shatir500.jpg/220px-Shatir500.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Shatir500.jpg/330px-Shatir500.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Shatir500.jpg/440px-Shatir500.jpg 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="458" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_al-Shatir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn al-Shatir (sortu gabe)">Ibn al-Shatirren</a> Merkurioren agerpen eredua.</figcaption></figure> Merkurioren lehen behaketa ezagun idatzia <a href="/wiki/MUL.APIN" title="MUL.APIN">MUL.APIN</a> taulatan agertzen da. Behaketa horiek <a href="/wiki/Asiria" title="Asiria">asiriar</a> astronomoek egin zituzten, K.a. XIV. mendean<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a>. Merkurio izendatzeko MUL.APINen erabiltzen den izena <code>MULUdu.Idim.Gu\u4.Ud</code> da, "planeta saltaria"<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Babilonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Babilonia">Babiloniar</a> idazkiek Merkurioren inguruan hitz egiten zuten <a href="/wiki/K.a._1._milurtekoa" title="K.a. 1. milurtekoa">K.a. 1. milurtekoan</a>. Babilonian <a href="/wiki/Nabu" title="Nabu">Nabu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Akadera" title="Akadera">akaderaz</a>: 𒀭𒀝) deitzen zuten, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babiloniar_mitologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babiloniar mitologia (sortu gabe)">euren mitologian</a> jainkoen mezularia<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Grezia" title="Antzinako Grezia">Antzinako Grezian</a> planetak bi izen zituen, Στίλβων<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> (Stilbon, "Distiratsua") eta Ἑρμάων<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> (Hermaon) edo Ἑρμής<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> (Hermes). Izen hori oraindik jasotzen da <a href="/wiki/Greziera" title="Greziera">grezieraz</a>, Ερμής (Ermis)<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Erroma" title="Antzinako Erroma">Antzinako Erroman</a> planetari <a href="/wiki/Hermes" title="Hermes">Hermesen</a> baliokidea den jainkoaren izena eman zioten, <a href="/wiki/Merkurio_(jainkoa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkurio (jainkoa)">Merkurio</a>, jainkoen mezularia, beste planetak baino azkarrago mugitzen delako zeruan<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a>. Merkurioren sinbolo astronomikoa Hermesen <a href="/wiki/Kaduzeo" title="Kaduzeo">kaduzeoaren</a> ikur estilizatua da<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ptolomeo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolomeo">Ptolomeo</a> erromatar-egiptoar <a href="/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo">astronomoak</a> Eguzkiaren aurpegia gurutzatuko zuten <a href="/wiki/Iragate_(astronomia)" title="Iragate (astronomia)">planeten trantsituen</a> inguruan idatzi zuen, Hipotesi Planetarioak liburuan. Proposatu zuen momentura arte ez zirela trantsitu horiek ikusi Merkurio oso txikia zelako eta, gainera, oso ez-ohikoak zirelako<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Txina" class="mw-redirect" title="Antzinako Txina">Antzinako Txinan</a> Merkurio "Orduaren Izarra" izenarekin ezagutzen zen (Chen-xing 辰星). Uraren fasean iparraldeko norantzarekin lotzen zen <a href="/wiki/Metafisika" title="Metafisika">metafisikaren</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Xing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu Xing (sortu gabe)">Bost Faseetan</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a>. Gaur egungo <a href="/wiki/Txina" class="mw-redirect" title="Txina">Txina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">Japonia</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnamen</a> "uraren izarra" izena darama (水星), Txinako kulturako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Xing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu Xing (sortu gabe)">bost elementuetan</a> oinarrituta<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo">Hinduismoan</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Budha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budha (sortu gabe)">Budha</a> izena erabiltzen zen Merkuriorentzat, eta jainko honek <a href="/wiki/Asteazken" title="Asteazken">asteazkena</a> zuzentzen zuela uste zuten<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Germaniar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germaniar">Germaniar</a> <a href="/wiki/Paganismo" title="Paganismo">paganismoko</a> <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a> jainkoa Merkuriorekin eta asteazkenarekin lotua zegoen ere<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Maien_zibilizazioa" title="Maien zibilizazioa">Maien zibilizazioak</a> Merkurio <a href="/wiki/Hontz" title="Hontz">hontz</a> bat zen (edo baliteke lau izatea; bi goizeko itxurarako eta beste bi gaueko itxurarako) azpi-mundurako mezulari papera jokatzen zuena<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mundu_islamikoko_zientzia_Erdi_Aroan" title="Mundu islamikoko zientzia Erdi Aroan">Mundu islamikoko Erdi Aroko astronomian</a> <a href="/wiki/Az-Zarqali" title="Az-Zarqali">Az-Zarqali</a> astronomo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andalustar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andalustar (sortu gabe)">andalustar</a> astronomoak Merkurioren orbita berezia zela ikusi zuen, eta arrautza baten antza zuela esna zuen, nahiz eta pentsamendu honek gero ez izan garapenik bere kalkulu astronomikoetan<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a>. <a href="/wiki/XII._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XII. mende">XII. mendean</a> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Bajjah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Bajjah">Ibn Bajjahk</a> "bi planeta puntu beltz gisa Eguzkiaren aurpegian" ikusi zituen, beranduago <a href="/wiki/Merkurioren_trantsitu" title="Merkurioren trantsitu">Merkurio</a> edo/eta <a href="/wiki/Artizarraren_trantsitu" title="Artizarraren trantsitu">Artizarraren trantsitu</a> gisa deskribatu zuena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maragha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maragha (sortu gabe)">Maraghako</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qotb_al-Din_Shirazi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qotb al-Din Shirazi (sortu gabe)">Qotb al-Din Shirazi</a> astronomoak <a href="/wiki/XIII._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XIII. mende">XIII. mendean</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a>. Beranduago, Erdi Aroko ikustaldi guzti horiek <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-orban" title="Eguzki-orban">eguzki-orbanak</a> zirela pentsatu zen<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a>. <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Keralako</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nilakantha_Somayaji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nilakantha Somayaji (sortu gabe)">Nilakantha Somayaji</a> astronomoak <a href="/wiki/XV._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XV. mende">XV. mendean</a> eredu <a href="/wiki/Heliozentriko" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliozentriko">heliozentriko</a> partzial bat garatu zuen, Merkurio Eguzkiaren inguruan orbita egiten zuena. Bere ereduan Eguzkiak Lurra orbitatzen zuen, <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahek</a> <a href="/wiki/XVI._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XVI. mende">XVI. mendearen</a> amaieran proposatu zuen bezala<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ikerketa_teleskopikoa_Lurretik">Ikerketa teleskopikoa Lurretik</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikerketa teleskopikoa Lurretik»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Ikerketa teleskopikoa Lurretik">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Transit_Of_Mercury,_May_9th,_2016.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Transit_Of_Mercury%2C_May_9th%2C_2016.png/220px-Transit_Of_Mercury%2C_May_9th%2C_2016.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Transit_Of_Mercury%2C_May_9th%2C_2016.png/330px-Transit_Of_Mercury%2C_May_9th%2C_2016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Transit_Of_Mercury%2C_May_9th%2C_2016.png/440px-Transit_Of_Mercury%2C_May_9th%2C_2016.png 2x" data-file-width="2990" data-file-height="2990" /></a><figcaption>Merkurioren trantsitua Eguzkiaren aurretik. Merkurio puntu beltz biribila da.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galileik</a> <a href="/wiki/XVII._mende" class="mw-redirect" title="XVII. mende">XVII. mendearen</a> hasieran egin zituen Merkurioren lehen behaketak <a href="/wiki/Teleskopio" title="Teleskopio">teleskopio</a> bat erabilita. Faseak ikusi zituen <a href="/wiki/Artizarra" title="Artizarra">Artizarra</a> ikusi zuenean, baina bere teleskopioa ez zen nahikoa indartsua Merkurioren faseak ikusteko. <a href="/wiki/1631" title="1631">1631an</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gassendi" title="Pierre Gassendi">Pierre Gassendik</a> lehen trantsitua ikusi zuen teleskopio bat erabilita, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Keplerrek</a> aurre ikusitako trantsitua ikusi zuenean. <a href="/wiki/1639" title="1639">1639an</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Zupi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Zupi (sortu gabe)">Giovanni Zupik</a> teleskopio bat erabili zuen lehen aldiz Artizarrak zituen faseak Merkurion ere zeudela aurkitzeko. Honek argi eta garbi utzi zuen Eguzkiaren inguruan orbitatzen duela<a href="#cite_note-:7-17">[16]</a>. Astronomian oso ez-ohikoa den gertakari bat planeta bat beste baten atzetik pasatzea da Lurretik ikusia, <a href="/wiki/Ezkutaketa_(astronomia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ezkutaketa (astronomia)">ezkutaketa</a> deitzen den fenomenoa. Merkurio eta Artizarra mende batzuetan behin ezkutatzen dira, eta <a href="/wiki/1737" title="1737">1737ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Maiatzaren_28" title="Maiatzaren 28">maiatzaren 28a</a> da, orain arte, ikusi den bakarra. <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Bevis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Bevis (sortu gabe)">John Bevisek</a> <a href="/wiki/Greenwicheko_Errege_Behatokia" title="Greenwicheko Errege Behatokia">Greenwicheko Errege Behatokitik</a> ikusi zuen<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a>. Hurrengoa 2133ko <a href="/wiki/Abenduaren_3" title="Abenduaren 3">abenduaren 3an</a> izango da<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a>. Merkurioren behaketak zailtasun gehigarri batzuk ditu, eta horregatik beste planetak baino ezezagunagoa da. <a href="/wiki/1800" title="1800">1800an</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Schr%C3%B6ter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Schröter (sortu gabe)">Johann Schröterrek</a> gainazaleko elementuen behaketak ikusi zituen, eta 20 kilometroko altuera zuten mendiak zeudela esan zuen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Bessel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Bessel (sortu gabe)">Friedrich Besselk</a> Schröterren marrazkiak erabili zituen errotazio periodoa kalkulatzeko, eta guztiz oker 24 ordukoa zela esan zuen, 70ºko okerdura axialarekin<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a>. <a href="/wiki/1880" title="1880">1880an</a> <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Schiaparelli" title="Giovanni Schiaparelli">Giovanni Schiaparellik</a> planetaren mapa zehatzagoa egin zuen, eta proposatu zuen biraketa periodoa 88 egunekoa zela, periodo orbitala bezala, <a href="/wiki/Marea" class="mw-disambig" title="Marea">marea</a>-lokarria zela eta<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a>. Fenomeno hau <a href="/wiki/Errotazio_sinkroniko" class="mw-redirect" title="Errotazio sinkroniko">errotazio sinkroniko</a> gisa ezagutzen da. Merkurioren gainazala kartografiatzeko lana <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eugenios_Antoniadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugenios Antoniadi (sortu gabe)">Eugenios Antoniadik</a> jarraitu zuen, <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934an</a> mapak eta behaketak liburu batean bildu zituena. Merkurioko geografiako elementu askok, batez ere <a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">albedo</a> ezberdintasunagatik bereizten direnak, Antoniadiren mapan duten lehen izendapena<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a>. <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962an</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kotelnikov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Kotelnikov (sortu gabe)">Vladimir Kotelnikovek</a> zuzendutako <a href="/wiki/SESB" class="mw-redirect" title="SESB">SESBeko</a> Zientzien Akademiako taldeak <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radarrarekin</a> aztertu zuen, lehen aldiz, Merkurio. Radar obserbazioen ildo luze bati hasiera eman zioten<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a>. Hiru urte beranduago, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_Pettengill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gordon Pettengill (sortu gabe)">Gordon Pettengillek</a> eta R. Dycek egindako radar obserbazioen bidez 300 metroko <a href="/wiki/Areciboko_irrati-teleskopioa" title="Areciboko irrati-teleskopioa">Areciboko irrati-teleskopioa</a> erabilita, planetaren errotazio periodoa 59 egunekoa zela demostratu zuten<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a>. Merkurioren errotazioa sinkronikoa zela oso teoria orokortua zen, eta horregatik ezustekoa izan zen <a href="/wiki/Irrati-teleskopio" title="Irrati-teleskopio">irrati-teleskopio</a> bidez lortutako emaitza. Merkuriok marea-lokarria baldin bazuen, bere aurpegi iluna oso hotza izango zen, baina irrati bidezko ikerketek uste baino beroagoa zela iragarri zuten. Astronomoek ez zuten bertan behera utzi nahi errotazio sinkronikoaren ideia, eta mekanismo alternatiboak proposatu zituzten, adibidez beroa garraiatzen zituzten <a href="/wiki/Haize" title="Haize">haize</a> bortitzak, euren behaketak azaldu nahian<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuseppe_Colombo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuseppe Colombo (sortu gabe)">Giuseppe Colombo</a> <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">italiar</a> <a href="/wiki/Astronomo" title="Astronomo">astronomoak</a> ikusi zuen Merkurioren errotazio balioa gutxi gorabehera orbita periodoaren bi heren zela, eta proposatu zuen planetaren orbita eta errotazioa lotuta zeudela baina 3:2 <a href="/wiki/Erresonantzia" title="Erresonantzia">erresonantziarekin</a>, eta ez 1:1 erresonantziarekin<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a> zundak ikuspegi hau baieztatu zuen<a href="#cite_note-#6-135">[134]</a>. Schiaparelli eta Antoniadik egindako mapak ez ziren, beraz, "okerrak". Baina, ikusi zituzten ezaugarriak ez zeuden bertan orbita bakoitzean, baizik eta bi orbitaz behin. Tartean zegoena ez zuten ondo ikusi, Eguzkitik gertuegi zegoelako eta geometria orbitala ez zelako egokia behaketa horietarako<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a>. Lurrean oinarritutako behaketa optikoek ezin zuten askoz gehiago argitu Merkuriori buruz, baina irrati-astronomian, <a href="/wiki/Interferometria" title="Interferometria">interferometria</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Mikrouhin" title="Mikrouhin">mikrouhinak</a> erabiltzen gainazaleko geruzen eta hainbat metroko sakonerako ezaugarri fisiko eta kimikoak zehazteko gaitasuna zuten, <a href="/wiki/Uhin-luzera" title="Uhin-luzera">uhin-luzera</a> horietan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eguzkiaren_erradiazio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eguzkiaren erradiazio (sortu gabe)">eguzkiaren erradiazioa</a> kentzen baita<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a>. 2000. urtean <a href="/wiki/Mount_Wilson_behatokia" title="Mount Wilson behatokia">Mount Wilson behatokian</a> dagoen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hale_teleskopioa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hale teleskopioa (sortu gabe)">Hale teleskopioarekin</a> erresoluzio handiko irudiak lortu ziren. <a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10ek</a> behatu ezin izan zituen eremuen lehenengo irudiak eskuratu zituen, bertako geografiako ezaugarriak erakutsiz<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a>. Areciboko irrati-teleskopioak planetaren atal gehienak kartografiatu ditu jada, 5 kilometroko erresoluzioarekin, baita poloetan dagoen izotza ere<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Esplorazioa_zundekin">Esplorazioa zundekin</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Esplorazioa zundekin»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Esplorazioa zundekin">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Merkurio Lurretik behatzeak arazo tekniko nabarmenak ditu, Eguzkitik oso gertu orbitatzen baitu. Merkuriora lotuko den espazio-ontzi batek 91 milioi kilometroko bidaia egin behar du, Eguzkiaren <a href="/wiki/Grabitazio" title="Grabitazio">grabitazio</a> eremuan sartuz. Merkuriok 48 km/s-ko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abiadura_orbital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abiadura orbital (sortu gabe)">abiadura orbitala</a> du, Lurrarena 30 km/s-koa den bitartean. Horregatik, espazio-ontzi batek <a href="/wiki/Abiadura" title="Abiadura">abiaduran</a> aldaketa handia behar du (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Delta-v&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delta-v (sortu gabe)">delta-v</a>) Merkurioren orbitan dagoen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hohmann_transferentzia_orbita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hohmann transferentzia orbita (sortu gabe)">Hohmann transferentzia orbita</a> batean sartzeko, beste edozein planetaren delta-v-rekin alderatuz<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-#7-141">[140]</a>. Eguzkiaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Putzu_potentzial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Putzu potentzial (sortu gabe)">putzu potentzialean</a> sartzeagatik askatzen den <a href="/wiki/Energia_potentzial" title="Energia potentzial">energia potentziala</a> <a href="/wiki/Energia_zinetiko" title="Energia zinetiko">energia zinetikoan</a> bilakatzen da; beste delta-v handi bat behar da Merkurioren inguruan azkar pasatzea baino zerbait gehiago nahi bada. Merkurioren gainazalean jartzeko <a href="/wiki/Suziri" title="Suziri">suzirien</a> <a href="/wiki/Motor" title="Motor">motorren</a> indarra baino ezin da erabili. <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">Atmosferarik</a> ez duenez, ezin da airea erabili ezer ere gelditzeko. Merkuriorako bidaia batek <a href="/wiki/Erregai" title="Erregai">erregai</a> gehiago behar du Eguzki-sistematik guztiz ateratzeko behar dena baino. Horregatik, bi espazio-ontzi baino ez dira gerturatu, orain arte, Merkuriora. Proposaturiko beste soluzio bat Merkuriorekin sinkronikoa den orbita batean geratzeko <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-bela" title="Eguzki-bela">eguzki-bela</a> bat erabiltzea izango litzateke<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mariner_10">Mariner 10</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Mariner 10»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Mariner 10">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mariner10.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Mariner10.gif/220px-Mariner10.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Mariner10.gif/330px-Mariner10.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Mariner10.gif/440px-Mariner10.gif 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Mariner 10 espazio-ontzia, Merkurio bisitatu zuen lehen zunda</figcaption></figure> Merkuriora hurbildu zen lehen espazio-ontzia <a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a> izan zen. <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973an</a> jaurtia, <a href="/wiki/Artizarra" title="Artizarra">Artizarraren</a> grabitatea erabili zuen abiadura orbitala doitzeko horrela Merkuriora hurbildu ahal izateko 1974 eta 1975 urteetan<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a>. NASAren lehen zunda izan zen beste planeta baten grabitazioa erabiltzen orbitan jartzeko, eta lehenengoa ere bi planeta bisitatu zituena<a href="#cite_note-#7-141">[140]</a>. Zunda honek hiru gerturatze egin zituen, hurbilena 327 km-ko altuerara besterik ez<a href="#cite_note-#6-135">[134]</a>. Zoritxarrez, hurbilketa guztietan planetaren eremu berdina zegoen argituta<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a>, eta gainazalaren % 45a bakarrik aztertu ahal izan zen<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a>. Mariner 10 ontziak azalean tenperaturak ere neurtu zituen eta magnetosferaren existentzia baieztatu zuen. Lehen hurbilpenean, instrumentuek eremu magnetikoa zegoela detektatu zuten, geologoentzat ezusteko handia. Uste zuten Merkurioren biraketa geldoegia zela eremu magnetiko bat <a href="/wiki/Dinamo" title="Dinamo">dinamo</a> efektuaren bidez sortzeko. Bigarren hurbilpenean irudiak atera ziren, batez ere, baina hirugarren hurbilpenean behaketa magnetiko handia egin zen. Datuek erakutsi zuten Lurraren antzeko eremu magnetikoa zuela, eguzki-haizea planetaren inguruan mugitzen zuena. Datu hauen inguruko eztabaida handia egon da urtetan<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a>. 1975eko martxoaren 24an, azken hurbilpena eta zortzi egunera, Mariner 10 erregairik gabe geratu zen. Orbita ezin zenez kontrolatu, misioaren kontroletik zunda itzali zen<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a>. Uste denez Eguzkiaren inguruan biraka jarraitzen du eta hainbat hilabetean behin berriro igarotzen da Merkurioren ingurutik<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="MESSENGER">MESSENGER</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Aldatu atal hau: «MESSENGER»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: MESSENGER">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:PIA19449-PlanetMercury-MESSENGER-Images-First-20110329-Last-20150430.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/PIA19449-PlanetMercury-MESSENGER-Images-First-20110329-Last-20150430.jpg/220px-PIA19449-PlanetMercury-MESSENGER-Images-First-20110329-Last-20150430.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/PIA19449-PlanetMercury-MESSENGER-Images-First-20110329-Last-20150430.jpg/330px-PIA19449-PlanetMercury-MESSENGER-Images-First-20110329-Last-20150430.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/PIA19449-PlanetMercury-MESSENGER-Images-First-20110329-Last-20150430.jpg/440px-PIA19449-PlanetMercury-MESSENGER-Images-First-20110329-Last-20150430.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>MESSENGERrek egindako lehen eta azken argazkia.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Abuztuaren_3" title="Abuztuaren 3">abuztuaren 3an</a> <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASAk</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MESSENGER&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MESSENGER (sortu gabe)">MESSENGER</a> zunda bidali zuen (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging). 2005eko abuztuan Lurraren inguruan lehen orbita egin zuen, Artizarraren inguruan 2006ko urrian, eta 2007ko ekainean Merkurioren orbitara iristeko norabide egokian jarri zen<a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a>. <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008ko</a> <a href="/wiki/Urtarrilaren_14" title="Urtarrilaren 14">urtarrilaren 14an</a> lehen aldiz pasa zen Merkuriotik gertu, bigarren aldiz 2008ko urriaren 6an<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> eta hirugarrenez 2009ko irailaren 29an. Mariner 10ek ikusi ez zuen hemisferioaren atal gehienen argazkiak egin ziren hurbilketa hauetan. Zundak arrakastaz lortu zuen planetaren inguruan orbita eliptiko bat eskuratzea, 2011ko martxoaren 18an. 2011ko martxoaren 29an lehen irudiak lortu ziren orbitatik. Urtebeteko kartografia misioa amaituta, beste urtebeteko misioa luzatu zen, 2013ra arte. MESSENGERrek 2012ko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eguzki-maximo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eguzki-maximo (sortu gabe)">eguzki-maximo</a> bat ere behatu zuen<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a>. Misioaren helburua sei galderei erantzutea zen: Merkurioren dentsitate altua, bere historia geologikoa, bere eremu-magnetikoaren jatorria, bere nukleoaren egitura, poloetan izotza dagoen edo ez, eta bere atmosferaren jatorria. Honetarako, Mariner 10ek zituenak baino erresoluzio altuagoko irudigintza aparatuak zeramatzan, <a href="/wiki/Espektrometro" title="Espektrometro">espektrometroak</a> elementuen ugaritasuna egoki neurtzeko, <a href="/wiki/Magnetometro" title="Magnetometro">magnetometroak</a> eta partikula kargadunen abiadura neurtzeko tresnak. Zundaren abiadura orbitalaren aldaketak neurtzea planetaren barneko egitura zehazteko erabili ziren. MESSENGERrek azken maniobra 2015eko apirilaren 24an egin zuen, eta Merkurioren aurka talka egin zuen 2015eko apirilaren 30ean<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a>. Zundaren talkak eragindako kraterrak 16 metro inguru dituela kalkulatu da<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="BepiColombo">BepiColombo</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Aldatu atal hau: «BepiColombo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: BepiColombo">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Europako_Espazio_Agentzia" title="Europako Espazio Agentzia">Europako Espazio Agentziak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Japoniako_Espazio_Agentzia" title="Japoniako Espazio Agentzia">Japoniako Espazio Agentziak</a> <a href="/wiki/BepiColombo" title="BepiColombo">BepiColombo</a> izeneko misio bateratua egingo du, bi zundekin Merkurio orbitatuz: batak planeta kartografiatu du, besteak magnetosfera ikertzen duen bitartean. <a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018an</a> jaurtitzea espero da, eta 2025erako Merkuriora iristea<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a>. Magnetometroa duen zundak orbita eliptikoa izango du eta mapa egingo duenak suziriak erabiliko ditu orbita zirkularra izateko. Bi zundek Lurreko urtebeteko iraupena izango dute. Espektrometroak, <a href="/wiki/Infragorri" title="Infragorri">infragorria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ultramore" title="Ultramore">ultramorea</a>, <a href="/wiki/X-izpi" class="mw-redirect" title="X-izpi">X-izpiak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Gamma_izpi" title="Gamma izpi">gamma izpiak</a> aztertzeko gaitasuna duten kamerak eramango dira<a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Merkurio_kulturan">Merkurio kulturan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Merkurio kulturan»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Merkurio kulturan">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musika">Musika</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Musika»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Musika">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="264" data-mwtitle="Holst_The_Planets_Mercury.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fitxategi:Holst_The_Planets_Mercury.ogg"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Holst_The_Planets_Mercury.ogg/Holst_The_Planets_Mercury.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Holst_The_Planets_Mercury.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio><figcaption>Planetak suitearen hirugarren mugimendua, Merkurio, AEBko Aireko Armadaren bandaren interpretazioan.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Holst" title="Gustav Holst">Gustav Holst</a> musikagileak <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a> eta <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a> artean <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planetak_(suitea)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planetak (suitea) (sortu gabe)">Planetak</a> izeneko <a href="/wiki/Suite" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Suite">suitea</a> sortu zuen. <a href="/wiki/Astrologia" title="Astrologia">Astrologiari</a> lotutako kontzeptuekin, planetek <a href="/wiki/Psike" title="Psike">psikean</a> duten eraginari buruz pentsatu zuen idazterakoan<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a>. Lehen mugimendua <a href="/wiki/Marte" title="Marte">Marteri</a> eskaini zion, bigarrena <a href="/wiki/Artizarra" title="Artizarra">Artizarrari</a> eta hirugarrena Merkuriori, <a href="/wiki/Merkurio_(mitologia)" title="Merkurio (mitologia)">hegodun mezularia</a> azpitituluarekin. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literatura_eta_zientzia-fikzioa">Literatura eta zientzia-fikzioa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Literatura eta zientzia-fikzioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Literatura eta zientzia-fikzioa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:If_cover_June_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/If_cover_June_1954.jpg/220px-If_cover_June_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/If_cover_June_1954.jpg/330px-If_cover_June_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/If_cover_June_1954.jpg/440px-If_cover_June_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="684" /></a><figcaption>Laba erortzen da Merkurion, If aldizkariaren 1954eko azala. Merkurion labazko putzuak egon zitezkeela pentsatzen zen garai horretan.</figcaption></figure> Beste planeta askok bezala, Merkuriok izan du bere lekua <a href="/wiki/Zientzia-fikzioa" class="mw-redirect" title="Zientzia-fikzioa">zientzia-fikzioan</a>. <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889an</a> Giovanni Schiaparellik planetak Eguzkiari beti aurpegi bera ematen ziola proposatu zuenean, hainbat teoria eratu ziren, fikziozko lanetan agertzen direnak. Lan horietan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metal-urtu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metal-urtu (sortu gabe)">metal-urtuzko</a> putzuak daude "alde distiratsuan" eta beti izoztua dagoen "alde-ilun" bat; tartean, ilunabar edo egunsentian etengabe dagoen gerriko bat legoke. <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965an</a> kontzeptu hau bertan behera geratu zenean, fikzioa ere aldatu zen. Horregatik, "Merkurio zahar" eta "Merkurio berri" baten inguruan hitz egiten da zientzia-fikzioan<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a>. Merkuriori buruzko lan askotan <a href="/wiki/Autokrazia" title="Autokrazia">autokrazia</a> aipatzen da gobernu gisa. Merkuriori buruzko lehen fikzio lana <a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Kircher" title="Athanasius Kircher">Athanasius Kircher</a> apaizak egin zuen <a href="/wiki/1656" title="1656">1656an</a>, Itinerarium Exstaticum eleberrian<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" class="mw-redirect" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborgen</a> The Earths in Our solar System (1758) lanean ere planetaren inguruko bira bat ematen da. <a href="/wiki/1750" title="1750">1750ean</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Chevalier_de_B%C3%A9thune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Chevalier de Béthune (sortu gabe)">Le Chevalier de Béthunek</a> Relationdu Monde de Mercure idatzi zuen, planetari buruz zehazki hitz egiten zuen lehen eleberria<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a>. "Merkurio zaharrari" buruzko eleberrien artean, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Cummings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ray Cummings (sortu gabe)">Ray Cummingsen</a> Tama of the Light Country (1930), Tama, Princess of Mercury (1931) eta Aerita of the Light Country (1941) daude. <a href="/wiki/Leigh_Brackett" title="Leigh Brackett">Leigh Brackettek</a> <a href="/wiki/1940ko_hamarkada" title="1940ko hamarkada">1940ko hamarkadan</a> egindako hainbat ipuin labur ("The Demons of Darkside" (1941), "A World Is Born" (1941), "Cube from Space" (1942), eta "Shannach – the Last" (1952)) "ilunabar zonaldea" duen Merkurio batean kokaturik daude. <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Asimov" title="Isaac Asimov">Isaac Asimovek</a> ere hainbat eleberri idatzi zituen "Merkurio zaharrean" kokatuta, Runaround, The Dying Night edo Lucky Starr and the Big Sun of Mercury gisa. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Arthur C. Clarkek</a> ere Islands in the Sky eleberria idatzi zuen 1952an, Merkurioren hemisferio hotzean bizi den izaki arraro bat aipatuz. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_Walters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh Walters (sortu gabe)">Hugh Waltersen</a> Mission to Mercuryn ere planetaren alde hotzean erreskatatu behar diren protagonistak daude. "Merkurio Berriaren" lehen agerpena Arthur C. Clarkeren <a href="/wiki/Rendezvous_with_Rama" title="Rendezvous with Rama">Rendezvous with Rama</a> izango litzateke, 1973an idatzia. <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">Metalaren</a> <a href="/wiki/Meatzaritza" title="Meatzaritza">meatzaritza</a> egiten duen gobernu batek agintzen du Merkurion. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Stanley_Robinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kim Stanley Robinson (sortu gabe)">Kim Stanley Robinsonen</a> eleberri eta istorio laburretan, batez ere The Memory of Whiteness (1985), Mercurial eta 2312 Merkurion Terminator izeneko hiri bat dago, artista eta musikariz betea; hiri osoa mugitzen da Ekuatorean zehar, beti Eguzkia altuera baxuan edukitzeko. <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einsteinek</a> <a href="/wiki/Erlatibitatearen_teoria" title="Erlatibitatearen teoria">erlatibitatearen teoria</a> azaldu aurretik<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a>, ezezaguna zen Merkurioren prezesioen jatorria. Horregatik Merkurioren orbitaren barruan beste planeta bat egon zitekeela proposatu zen, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulcano_(astronomia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulcano (astronomia) (sortu gabe)">Vulcano</a> izenekoa<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a>. Fikziozko planeta honek ere sortu ditu hainbat eleberri, adibidez A Thousand Years Hence, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsowe_Green&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nunsowe Green (sortu gabe)">Nunsowe Greenek</a> idatzia. Vulcano izena ere zuen <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trekeko</a> <a href="/wiki/Spock" title="Spock">Spocken</a> jatorrizko planetak, baina hau <a href="/w/index.php?title=40_Eridani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="40 Eridani (sortu gabe)">40 Eridani</a> izarrean (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Keid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keid (sortu gabe)">Keid</a>) kokatua dago<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zinema_eta_telebista">Zinema eta telebista</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Zinema eta telebista»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Zinema eta telebista">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Telebista" title="Telebista">Telebistan</a> ere agertu da, adibidez <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Voyager" title="Star Trek: Voyager">Star Trek: Voyager</a>ren The Adventures of Capitain Proton atalean, <a href="/wiki/Futurama" title="Futurama">Futurama</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Sailor_Moon" title="Sailor Moon">Sailor Moon</a> marrazki bizidunetan. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tamainaren_alderaketa">Tamainaren alderaketa</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Tamainaren alderaketa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: Tamainaren alderaketa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8009458/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:708px;max-width:708px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:center;background-color:transparent">Eguzki sistemako beste objektu batzuekin alderaketa</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:199px;max-width:199px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Mercury,_Earth_size_comparison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mercury%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg/197px-Mercury%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mercury%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg/296px-Mercury%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mercury%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg/394px-Mercury%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2181" data-file-height="1578" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Merkurio eta Lurra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:327px;max-width:327px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Terrestrial_planet_sizes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Terrestrial_planet_sizes.jpg/325px-Terrestrial_planet_sizes.jpg" decoding="async" width="325" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Terrestrial_planet_sizes.jpg/488px-Terrestrial_planet_sizes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Terrestrial_planet_sizes.jpg/650px-Terrestrial_planet_sizes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5208" data-file-height="2251" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Merkurio, Artizarra, Marte eta Lurra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:176px;max-width:176px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/174px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png" decoding="async" width="174" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/261px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png/348px-1e6m_comparison_Mars_Mercury_Moon_Pluto_Haumea_-_no_transparency.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Atzean: Marte eta Merkurio Aurrean: Ilargia, Pluton eta <a href="/wiki/Haumea" class="mw-redirect" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera">Ikus, gainera</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merkurioko_geologia" title="Merkurioko geologia">Merkurioko geologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eguzki-sistema" title="Eguzki-sistema">Eguzki sistema</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oharrak">Oharrak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Oharrak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section's source code: Oharrak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Pluton_(planeta_nanoa)" title="Pluton (planeta nanoa)">Pluton</a> <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930an</a> aurkitu zenetik <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006ra</a> bitarte <a href="/wiki/Planeta_nano" title="Planeta nano">planeta nano</a> gisa sailkatu zenean, Plutonek zuen eszentrikotasun handiena, Merkuriorena baino askoz handiagoa. Era berean, Pluton Merkurio baino txikiagoa da, baina 1976ra arte uste zen handiagoa zela. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nssdcMercury-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nssdcMercury_1-7">h</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/mercuryfact.html">«Mercury Fact Sheet»</a> nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-meanplane-2"><a href="#cite_ref-meanplane_2-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/MeanPlane.gif">The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter. </a> 2009-04-03. </li> <li id="cite_note-horizons-3"><a href="#cite_ref-horizons_3-0">↑</a> Chamberlin, Alan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=mb&sstr=1">«HORIZONS System»</a> ssd.jpl.nasa.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-nasa-4">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_4-10">k</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/mercuryfact.html">«Mercury Fact Sheet»</a> nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-Seidelmann2007-5">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Seidelmann2007_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Seidelmann2007_5-1">b</a> (Ingelesez) Seidelmann, P. 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J.; Jurgens, R. F.; Slade, M. A.; Holin, I. V.. (2007-05-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://science.sciencemag.org/content/316/5825/710">«Large Longitude Libration of Mercury Reveals a Molten Core»</a> Science 316 (5825): 710–714.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1140514">10.1126/science.1140514</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075">0036-8075</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17478713">17478713</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-MallamaMercury-7">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-MallamaMercury_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MallamaMercury_7-1">b</a> Mallama, A. (2002-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0019103501967235">«Photometry of Mercury from SOHO/LASCO and Earth The Phase Function from 2 to 170°»</a> Icarus 155 (2): 253–264.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1006%2Ficar.2001.6723">10.1006/icar.2001.6723</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0019-1035">0019-1035</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-MallamaSky-8"><a href="#cite_ref-MallamaSky_8-0">↑</a> Mallama, A.; Hilton, J.L.. (2018-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002">«Computing apparent planetary magnitudes for The Astronomical Almanac»</a> Astronomy and Computing 25: 10–24.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ascom.2018.08.002">10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2213-1337">2213-1337</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-ephemeris-9"><a href="#cite_ref-ephemeris_9-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/TYPE/mercury2.html">«NASA RP 1349 - Mercury Ephemeris»</a> eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-vasa-10">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-vasa_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vasa_10-1">b</a> Vasavada, A. (1999-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0019103599961754">«Near-Surface Temperatures on Mercury and the Moon and the Stability of Polar Ice Deposits»</a> Icarus 141 (2): 179–193.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1006%2Ficar.1999.6175">10.1006/icar.1999.6175</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0019-1035">0019-1035</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-06). </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> T., Elkins-Tanton, Linda. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/613206386">Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and the outer solar system. </a> Facts on File <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9781438107295" title="Berezi:BookSources/9781438107295">9781438107295</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=613206386">613206386</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-13">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-1">b</a> M. Prockter, Louise. (2005-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228655726_Ice_in_the_solar_system">«Ice in the solar system»</a> Johns hopkins ApL TechnicAL DigesT 26 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/2014/10100759-from-mercury-orbit-messenger.html">«From Mercury orbit, MESSENGER watches a lunar eclipse»</a> www.planetary.org (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomy.com/news/2014/12/innovative-use-of-pressurant-extends-messengers-mercury-mission">«Innovative use of pressurant extends MESSENGER's Mercury mission»</a> Astronomy.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Talbert, Tricia. (2015-04-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/messenger/media/PressConf20120321.html">«Mercury's Surprising Core and Landscape Curiosities»</a> NASA (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-17">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_17-1">b</a> G., Strom, Robert. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51623109">Exploring Mercury : the iron planet. </a> Springer <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/1852337311" title="Berezi:BookSources/1852337311">1852337311</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=51623109">51623109</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-#1-18">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-#1_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-#1_18-1">b</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/BrowseTheGeologicSolarSystem/MercuryBack.html">«Maps / Products | USGS Astrogeology Science Center»</a> astrogeology.usgs.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Lyttleton, R. A.. (1969-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00653933">«On the internal structures of mercury and venus»</a> Astrophysics and Space Science 5 (1): 18–35.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00653933">10.1007/bf00653933</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0004-640X">0004-640X</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-#2-20">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-#2_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-#2_20-1">b</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/May07/margot.mercury.html">«Mercury has molten core, Cornell researcher shows | Cornell Chronicle»</a> www.news.cornell.edu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrao.edu/pr/2007/mercury/">«Mercury's Core Molten, Radar Study Shows»</a> www.nrao.edu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-#3-22">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-#3_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-#3_22-1">b</a> Spohn, Tilman; Sohl, Frank; Wieczerkowski, Karin; Conzelmann, Vera. (2001-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-0633(01)00093-9">«The interior structure of Mercury: what we know, what we expect from BepiColombo»</a> Planetary and Space Science 49 (14-15): 1561–1570.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0032-0633%2801%2900093-9">10.1016/s0032-0633(01)00093-9</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0032-0633">0032-0633</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Padovan, Sebastiano; Wieczorek, Mark A.; Margot, Jean-Luc; Tosi, Nicola; Solomon, Sean C.. (2015-02-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062487">«Thickness of the crust of Mercury from geoid-to-topography ratios»</a> Geophysical Research Letters 42 (4): 1029–1038.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F2014gl062487">10.1002/2014gl062487</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0094-8276">0094-8276</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> (Ingelesez) P., Schenk,; J., Melosh, H.. (1994-3). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994LPI....25.1203S">Lobate Thrust Scarps and the Thickness of Mercury's Lithosphere. </a> (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-07). </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> Benz, Willy; Slattery, Wayne L.; Cameron, A.G.W.. (1988-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(88)90118-2">«Collisional stripping of Mercury's mantle»</a> Icarus 74 (3): 516–528.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0019-1035%2888%2990118-2">10.1016/0019-1035(88)90118-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0019-1035">0019-1035</a>. 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(1953-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRev.89.1046">«Relativity Precession of the Asteroid Icarus»</a> Physical Review 89 (5): 1046–1046.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRev.89.1046">10.1103/PhysRev.89.1046</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a> Mallama, A.; Hilton, J.L.. (2018-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002">«Computing apparent planetary magnitudes for The Astronomical Almanac»</a> Astronomy and Computing 25: 10–24.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ascom.2018.08.002">10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2213-1337">2213-1337</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">↑</a> 1901-1976., Menzel, Donald H. (Donald Howard),. (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/530950">A field guide to the stars and planets, including the moon, satellites, comets, and other features of the universe,. </a> Houghton Mifflin <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0395079985" title="Berezi:BookSources/0395079985">0395079985</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=530950">530950</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-Menzel-95">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Menzel_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Menzel_95-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.physics.metu.edu.tr/~aat/TSE2006/TSE2006.html">«Total Solar Eclipse of 2006 March 29»</a> www.physics.metu.edu.tr (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000817181616/http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/TYPE/venus2.html">NASA RP 1349 - Venus Ephemeris. </a> 2000-08-17 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-#4-97">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-#4_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-#4_97-1">b</a> (Ingelesez) Walker, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/3planets/elongation.html">«Mercury Chaser's Calculator»</a> www.fourmilab.ch (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130511073623/http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/Mercury.txt">Wayback Machine. </a> 2013-05-11 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-#5-99">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-#5_99-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-#5_99-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/150370592">Observer's Handbook 2007.. </a> Royal Astronomical Soc of Canada 2006 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780973810936" title="Berezi:BookSources/9780973810936">9780973810936</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=150370592">150370592</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a> (Ingelesez) E., Schaefer, Bradley. (2007-5). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AAS...210.4205S">The Latitude and Epoch for the Origin of the Astronomical Lore in MUL.APIN. </a> (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a> (Ingelesez) H., Hunger,; D., Pingree,. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989ArOri..24.....H">«MUL.APIN: an Astronomical Compendium in Cuneiform»</a> Archiv für Orientforschung, Supplement 24. Horn, Austria: Verlag Ferdinand Berge & Söhne (1989) 24 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancient.eu/Nabu/">«Nabu»</a> Ancient History Encyclopedia (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a> [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=sti/lbwn">http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=sti/lbwn</a> «Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, στίλβ-ων»] www.perseus.tufts.edu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a> [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=*(erma/wn">http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=*(erma/wn</a> «Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, Ἑρμάων»] www.perseus.tufts.edu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a> [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=*(ermh=s">http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=*(ermh=s</a> «Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, Ἑρμῆς»] www.perseus.tufts.edu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greek-names.info/greek-names-of-the-planets/">«Greek names of the planets, how are planets named in Greek»</a> Greek Names 2010-04-25 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/SP-424/ch1.htm">«ch1»</a> history.nasa.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a> 1870?-1944., Antoniadi, Eugène Michel,. ([1974]). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/960625">The planet Mercury. </a> K. Reid <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0904094022" title="Berezi:BookSources/0904094022">0904094022</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=960625">960625</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> Duncan, John Charles. (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Astronomy-Textbook-John-Charles-Duncan/dp/B001Y3ECCE">Astronomy - A Textbook - Fourth Edition. </a> (Fourth Edition edition. argitaraldia) Harper & Brothers (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Goldstein, Bernard R.. (1996-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996JHA....27....1G">«The Pre-Telescopic Treatment of the Phases and Apparent Size of Venus»</a> Journal for the History of Astronomy 27 (1): 1–12.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F002182869602700101">10.1177/002182869602700101</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0021-8286">0021-8286</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a> H., Kelley, David. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62767201">Exploring ancient skies : an encyclopedic survey of archaeoastronomy. </a> Springer <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0387953108" title="Berezi:BookSources/0387953108">0387953108</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=62767201">62767201</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Groot, Jan Jakob Maria. (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAaP7dyjCrAC&pg=PA300">Religion in China: Universism, a Key to the Study of Taoism and Confucianism. </a> G. P. Putnam's Sons (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> Thomas., Crump,. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52849360">The Japanese numbers game : the use and understanding of numbers in modern Japan. </a> Routledge <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0203318102" title="Berezi:BookSources/0203318102">0203318102</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=52849360">52849360</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Hulbert, Homer Bezaleel. (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fxwpAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA426">The Passing of Korea. </a> Doubleday, Page (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72991134">Pride of India : a glimpse into India's scientific heritage. </a> Samskrita Bharati 2006 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/8187276274" title="Berezi:BookSources/8187276274">8187276274</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=72991134">72991134</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a> E., Bakich, Michael. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40632705">The Cambridge planetary handbook. </a> Cambridge University Press <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0521632803" title="Berezi:BookSources/0521632803">0521632803</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=40632705">40632705</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">↑</a> Susan., Milbrath,. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40848420">Star gods of the Maya : astronomy in art, folklore, and calendars. </a> (1st ed. argitaraldia) University of Texas Press <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0292752253" title="Berezi:BookSources/0292752253">0292752253</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=40848420">40848420</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Samsó, Julio; Mielgo, Honorino. (1994-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994JHA....25..289S">«IBN AL-Zarqālluh on Mercury»</a> Journal for the History of Astronomy 25 (4): 289–296.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F002182869402500403">10.1177/002182869402500403</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0021-8286">0021-8286</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a> Hartner, Willy. (1955-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0083-6656(55)90016-7">«The mercury horoscope of marcantonio Michel of Venice»</a> Vistas in Astronomy 1: 84–138.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0083-6656%2855%2990016-7">10.1016/0083-6656(55)90016-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0083-6656">0083-6656</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49901955">History of oriental astronomy : proceedings of the joint discussion-17 at the 23rd General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union, organised by the Commission 41 (History of Astronomy), held in Kyoto, August 25-26, 1997. </a> Kluwer Academic Publishers 2002 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/1402006578" title="Berezi:BookSources/1402006578">1402006578</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=49901955">49901955</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a> (Ingelesez) GOLDSTEIN, BERNARD R.. (1969-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0498.1969.tb00135.x">«Some Medieval Reports of Venus and Mercury Transits»</a> Centaurus 14 (1): 49–59.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0498.1969.tb00135.x">10.1111/j.1600-0498.1969.tb00135.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0008-8994">0008-8994</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/24096057">«Erratum: Modification of the earlier Indian planetary theory by the Kerala astronomers (c. 1500 AD) and the implied heliocentric picture of planetary motion»</a> Current Science 67 (1): 59–59. 1994 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a> (Ingelesez) W., Sinnott, Roger; Jean, Meeus,. (1986-9). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986S&T....72..220S">«John Bevis and a Rare Occultation»</a> Sky and Telescope 72 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0037-6604">0037-6604</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a> Timothy, Ferris. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52573915">Seeing in the dark : how amateur astronomers are discovering the wonders of the universe. </a> (1st Simon & Schuster trade paperback ed. argitaraldia) Simon & Schuster <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0684865807" title="Berezi:BookSources/0684865807">0684865807</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=52573915">52573915</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a> (Ingelesez) G., Colombo,; I., Shapiro, I.. (1965-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1965SAOSR.188.....C">«The Rotation of the Planet Mercury»</a> SAO Special Report 188 <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0081-0320">0081-0320</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Holden, Edward S.. (1890-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/120099">«Announcement of the Discovery of the Rotation Period of Mercury [by Professor SCHIAPARELLI</a>»] Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 2 (7): 79.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F120099">10.1086/120099</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0004-6280">0004-6280</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/SP-423/surface.htm">«surface»</a> history.nasa.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-08). </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Evans, J. V.; Brockelman, R. A.; Henry, J. C.; Hyde, G. M.; Kraft, L. G.; Reid, W. A.; Smith, W. W.. (1965-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/109772">«Radio echo observations of Venus and Mercury at 23 CM wavelength»</a> The Astronomical Journal 70: 486.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F109772">10.1086/109772</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0004-6256">0004-6256</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">↑</a> Patrick., Moore,. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44627373">The data book of astronomy. </a> Institute of Physics Pub <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0750306203" title="Berezi:BookSources/0750306203">0750306203</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=44627373">44627373</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">↑</a> J., Butrica, Andrew. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33042767">To see the unseen : a history of planetary radar astronomy. </a> National Aeronautics and Space Administration <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0160485789" title="Berezi:BookSources/0160485789">0160485789</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=33042767">33042767</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">↑</a> PETTENGILL, G. H.; DYCE, R. B.. (1965-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/2061240a0">«A Radar Determination of the Rotation of the Planet Mercury»</a> Nature 206 (4990): 1240–1240.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F2061240a0">10.1038/2061240a0</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0028-0836">0028-0836</a>. 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(Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/SP-424/ch8.htm">«ch8»</a> history.nasa.gov (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180908063158/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-085A">«NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details»</a> web.archive.org (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=18956">«MESSENGER Engine Burn Puts Spacecraft on Track for Venus»</a> www.spaceref.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513080731/http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/gallery/sciencePhotos/image.php?gallery_id=2&image_id=115">MESSENGER: MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging. </a> 2013-05-13 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2011/11/15/NASA-extends-spacecrafts-Mercury-mission/UPI-55131321408343/">«NASA extends spacecraft's Mercury mission»</a> UPI (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/28948-messenger-mercury-probe-final-days.html">«NASA Mercury Probe Trying to Survive for Another Month»</a> Space.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/28/science/nasas-messenger-mission-is-set-to-crash-into-mercury.html">NASA’s Messenger Mission Is Set to Crash Into Mercury. </a> (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Corum, Jonathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/04/30/science/space/messenger-collides-with-mercury.html">Messenger’s Collision Course With Mercury. </a> (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150430230716/http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/gallery/sciencePhotos/image.php?gallery_id=2&image_id=1602">MESSENGER: MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging. </a> 2015-04-30 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sci.esa.int/bepicolombo/47346-fact-sheet/">«Fact Sheet»</a> sci.esa.int (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=31350">«Objectives»</a> sci.esa.int (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-10). </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/label/92878-The-Great-Composers-And-Their-Music">«The Great Composers And Their Music»</a> Discogs (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.solarsystemheritage.com/Mercury.html">«Mercury»</a> www.solarsystemheritage.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-11). </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">↑</a> (Latinez) Kircher, Athanasius; Mascardi, Vitalis (Rome). (1656). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/title/itinerarium-exstaticum-quo-mundi-opificium-id-est-coelestis-expansi-siderumque-compositio-et-structura-ab-infimo-telluris-globo-usque-ad-ultima-mundi-confinia-per-ficti-raptus-integumentum-explorata-exponitur-ad-christianam-alexandram/oclc/69095940">Itinerarium exstaticum, quo mundi opificium, id est coelestis expansi, siderumque ... compositio et structura ab infimo telluris globo, usque ad ultima mundi confinia, per ficti raptus integumentum explorata ... exponitur ... ad Christianam Alexandram. </a> Typis Vitalis Mascardi (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-11). </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/mercury">«Themes : Mercury : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia»</a> www.sf-encyclopedia.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-11). </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.magicdragon.com/ComputerFutures/SpacePublications/AI_in_Space.html">«A. I. in Space»</a> www.magicdragon.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-11). </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">↑</a> Académie des sciences (France). (1859 (July - Dec.)). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/comptesrendusheb49acad">Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. </a> Paris : Gauthier-Villars (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-11). </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.projectrho.com/vulsun.htm">«Sector 001: Vulcan's Sun»</a> www.projectrho.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-10-11). </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkurio_(planeta)&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <table style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 4px 0 4px 1em; width: 233px; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.25em; border:1px solid #aaa; background-color:#f9f9f9;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/40px-Scholia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/60px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/80px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="104" /></td> <td class="mbox-text" style="">Gai honi buruzko informazio gehiago lor dezakezu <a class="external text" href="//scholia.toolforge.org/Q308">Scholian</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/SP-423/sp423.htm">NASA - Merkurioren Atlasa (ingelesez)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/mercuryfact.html">NASA - Merkurioren ezaugarriak (ingelesez)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zientzia.net/artikuluak/merkurio-espero-ez-bezalako-planeta/">"Merkurio, espero ez bezalako planeta"</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Esteka_hautsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Esteka hautsia">Betiko hautsitako esteka</a>]. Zientzia.net (2013)</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="mw-authority-control"><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9236167">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Wikimedia proiektuak</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a> Datuak: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q308">Q308</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Multimedia: <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mercury_(planet)">Mercury (planet)</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q308%22">Q308</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Identifikadoreak</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/viaf-247235523">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/247235523/">247235523</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX453718">XX453718</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12115380b">12115380b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12115380b">(data)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4169460-0">4169460-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85083791">sh85083791</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00571620">00571620</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph218875">ph218875</a></li> <li>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Mercury-planet">url</a></li> <li>Lekuak</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getty_Thesaurus_of_Geographic_Names" title="Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names">TGN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7030636">7030636</a></li> <li>Medikuntzako identifikadoreak</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D018537">D018537</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a> Datuak: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q308">Q308</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Multimedia: <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mercury_(planet)">Mercury (planet)</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q308%22">Q308</a></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236165"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nabarmendutako_artikulua&#124;16px&#124;link=_Eguzki-sistema" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9235565">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 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id="Nabarmendutako_artikulua&#124;16px&#124;link=_Eguzki-sistema" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-sistema" title="Eguzki-sistema">Eguzki-sistema</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><center><figure class="mw-default-size noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Solar_System_XXX.png" decoding="async" width="635" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="36" usemap="#ImageMap_512507b4d9f5acad" resource="/wiki/Fitxategi:Solar_System_XXX.png" /><map name="ImageMap_512507b4d9f5acad"><area href="/wiki/Eguzkia" shape="circle" coords="0,0,90,35" alt="Eguzkia" title="Eguzkia" /><area href="/wiki/Merkurio_(planeta)" shape="circle" coords="112,18,6" alt="Merkurio" title="Merkurio" /><area href="/wiki/Artizarra" shape="circle" coords="153,18,8" alt="Artizarra" title="Artizarra" /><area href="/wiki/Ilargia" shape="circle" coords="203,8,4" alt="Ilargia" title="Ilargia" /><area href="/wiki/Lurra" shape="circle" coords="194,18,8" alt="Lurra" title="Lurra" /><area href="/wiki/Marte" shape="circle" coords="233,18,8" alt="Marte" title="Marte" /><area href="/wiki/Zeres_(planeta_nanoa)" shape="circle" coords="271,18,8" alt="Zeres" title="Zeres" /><area href="/wiki/Asteroide_gerriko" shape="rect" coords="256,0,288,35" alt="Asteroide gerriko" title="Asteroide gerriko" /><area href="/wiki/Jupiter" shape="circle" coords="316,18,15" alt="Jupiter" title="Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Jupiterren_satelite" shape="circle" coords="329,5,6" alt="Jupiterren satelite" title="Jupiterren satelite" /><area href="/wiki/Saturno" shape="circle" coords="372,18,10" alt="Saturno" title="Saturno" /><area href="/wiki/Saturnoren_satelite" shape="circle" coords="381,7,6" alt="Saturnoren satelite" title="Saturnoren satelite" /><area href="/wiki/Urano" shape="circle" coords="418,18,9" alt="Urano" title="Urano" /><area href="/wiki/Uranoren_satelite" shape="circle" coords="427,10,6" alt="Uranoren satelite" title="Uranoren satelite" /><area href="/wiki/Neptunoren_satelite" shape="circle" coords="471,10,3" alt="Neptunoren satelite" title="Neptunoren satelite" /><area href="/wiki/Neptuno" shape="circle" coords="462,18,12" alt="Neptuno" title="Neptuno" /><area href="/wiki/Pluton_(planeta_nanoa)" shape="circle" coords="504,18,8" alt="Pluton" title="Pluton" /><area href="/wiki/Haumea_(planeta_nanoa)" shape="circle" coords="534,18,12" alt="Haumea" title="Haumea" /><area href="/wiki/Haumearen_sateliteak" shape="circle" coords="540,13,8" alt="Haumearen sateliteak" title="Haumearen sateliteak" /><area href="/wiki/Makemake_(planeta_nanoa)" shape="circle" coords="567,18,12" alt="Makemake" title="Makemake" /><area href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" shape="circle" coords="571,13,8" alt="S/2015 (136472) 1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1" /><area href="/wiki/Kuiper_gerrikoa" shape="rect" coords="490,0,580,35" alt="Kuiper gerrikoa" title="Kuiper gerrikoa" /><area href="/wiki/Eris_(planeta_nanoa)" shape="circle" coords="596,18,12" alt="Eris" title="Eris" /><area href="/wiki/Disnomia_(satelitea)" shape="circle" coords="602,13,8" alt="Disnomia" title="Disnomia" /><area href="/wiki/Disko_sakabanatua" shape="rect" coords="581,0,610,35" alt="Disko sakabanatua" title="Disko sakabanatua" /><area href="/wiki/Hillsen_hodeia" shape="rect" coords="623,0,640,35" alt="Hillsen hodeia" title="Hillsen hodeia" /><area href="/wiki/Oorten_hodeia" shape="rect" coords="641,0,666,35" alt="Oorten hodeia" title="Oorten hodeia" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></center></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Eguzkia" title="Eguzkia">Eguzkia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heliosfera" title="Heliosfera">Heliosfera</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta">Planetak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eraztun-sistema" title="Eraztun-sistema">Eraztunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satelite_natural" title="Satelite natural">Sateliteak</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Merkurio</a></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Artizarra" title="Artizarra">Artizarra</a></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Lurra" title="Lurra">Lurra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilargia" title="Ilargia">ilargi 1</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Marte" title="Marte">Marte</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marteren_sateliteak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marteren sateliteak (sortu gabe)">2 ilargi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Phobos_(satelitea)" title="Phobos (satelitea)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(satelitea)" title="Deimos (satelitea)">Deimos</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jupiterren_eraztunak" title="Jupiterren eraztunak">Eraztunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiterren_sateliteak" title="Jupiterren sateliteak">95 ilargi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ganimedes_(satelitea)" title="Ganimedes (satelitea)">Ganimedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalisto" title="Kalisto">Kalisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io" title="Io">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(satelitea)" title="Europa (satelitea)">Europa</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Saturno" title="Saturno">Saturno</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturnoren_eraztunak" title="Saturnoren eraztunak">Eraztunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturnoren_sateliteak" title="Saturnoren sateliteak">146 ilargi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Titan_(satelitea)" title="Titan (satelitea)">Titan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rea_(satelitea)" title="Rea (satelitea)">Rea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japeto_(satelitea)" title="Japeto (satelitea)">Japeto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(satelitea)" title="Dione (satelitea)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetis_(satelitea)" title="Tetis (satelitea)">Tetis</a></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Entzelado_(satelitea)" title="Entzelado (satelitea)">Entzelado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimas_(satelitea)" title="Mimas (satelitea)">Mimas</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Urano" title="Urano">Urano</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uranoren_eraztunak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uranoren eraztunak (sortu gabe)">Eraztunak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uranoren_sateliteak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uranoren sateliteak (sortu gabe)">27 ilargi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Titania_(satelitea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titania (satelitea)">Titania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberon_(satelitea)" title="Oberon (satelitea)">Oberon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbriel_(satelitea)" title="Umbriel (satelitea)">Umbriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(satelitea)" title="Ariel (satelitea)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_(satelitea)" title="Miranda (satelitea)">Miranda</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Neptuno" title="Neptuno">Neptuno</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunoren_eraztunak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunoren eraztunak (sortu gabe)">Eraztunak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunoren_sateliteak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunoren sateliteak (sortu gabe)">14 ilargi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Triton_(satelitea)" title="Triton (satelitea)">Triton</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Planeta_txiki" title="Planeta txiki">Planeta txikiak</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Planeta_nano" title="Planeta nano">Planeta nanoak</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zeres_(planeta_nanoa)" title="Zeres (planeta nanoa)">Zeres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/(90482)_Orko" title="(90482) Orko">Orko</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vanth" title="Vanth">ilargi 1</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vanth" title="Vanth">Vanth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluton_(planeta_nanoa)" title="Pluton (planeta nanoa)">Pluton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plutonen_sateliteak" title="Plutonen sateliteak">5 ilargi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Karonte_(satelitea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karonte (satelitea)">Karonte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hidra_(satelitea)" title="Hidra (satelitea)">Hidra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nix_(satelitea)" title="Nix (satelitea)">Nix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerberos_(satelitea)" title="Kerberos (satelitea)">Kerberos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Styx_(satelitea)" title="Styx (satelitea)">Styx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea" class="mw-redirect" title="Haumea">Haumea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haumearen_sateliteak" title="Haumearen sateliteak">2 ilargi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hi%CA%BBiaka_(satelitea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiʻiaka (satelitea)">Hiʻiaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Namaka_(satelitea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Namaka (satelitea)">Namaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50000_Quaoar" class="mw-redirect" title="50000 Quaoar">Quaoar</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weywot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weywot (sortu gabe)">ilargi 1</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Weywot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weywot (sortu gabe)">Weywot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake_(planeta_nanoa)" title="Makemake (planeta nanoa)">Makemake (planeta nanoa)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">ilargi 1</a>: <a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">MK2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=225088_Gonggong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="225088 Gonggong (sortu gabe)">Gonggong</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiangliu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xiangliu (sortu gabe)">ilargi 1</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiangliu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xiangliu (sortu gabe)">Xiangliu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(planeta_nanoa)" title="Eris (planeta nanoa)">Eris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disnomia_(satelitea)" title="Disnomia (satelitea)">ilargi 1</a>: <a href="/wiki/Disnomia_(satelitea)" title="Disnomia (satelitea)">Disnomia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90377_Sedna" class="mw-redirect" title="90377 Sedna">Sedna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">Asteroideak</a> <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-sistemako_gorputz_txiki" title="Eguzki-sistemako gorputz txiki">(Eguzki-sistemako gorputz txikiak)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asteroide nabarmenak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/951_Gaspra" title="951 Gaspra">Gaspra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/243_Ida" title="243 Ida">Ida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/99942_Apophis" title="99942 Apophis">Apophis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_Kalliope" class="mw-redirect" title="22 Kalliope">Kalliope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Juno" class="mw-redirect" title="3 Juno">Juno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Hygiea" class="mw-redirect" title="10 Hygiea">Hygiea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taldeak eta familiak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Lurretik_gertuko_objektu" title="Lurretik gertuko objektu">Lurretik gertuko objektuak</a></li> <li><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Asteroide_gerrikoa" title="Asteroide gerrikoa">Asteroide gerrikoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troiar_(astronomia)" title="Troiar (astronomia)">Troiarrak</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013_ND15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2013 ND15 (sortu gabe)">Artizarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurraren_troiar" title="Lurraren troiar">Lurra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marteren_troiar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marteren troiar (sortu gabe)">Marte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jupiterren_troiar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jupiterren troiar (sortu gabe)">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uranoren_troiar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uranoren troiar (sortu gabe)">Urano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptunoren_troiar" title="Neptunoren troiar">Neptuno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zentauro_(astronomia)" title="Zentauro (astronomia)">Zentauroak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asteroide_aktibo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asteroide aktibo (sortu gabe)">Asteroide aktiboak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planeta_txikien_ilargi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planeta txikien ilargi (sortu gabe)">Asteroideen ilargiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroide" title="Meteoroide">Meteoroideak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neptunoz_haraindiko_objektu" title="Neptunoz haraindiko objektu">Neptunoz haraindikoak</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Urruneko_planeta_txiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urruneko planeta txiki (sortu gabe)">(Urruneko planeta txikiak)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kuiperren_gerrikoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiperren gerrikoa">Kuiperren gerrikoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plutino" title="Plutino">Plutinoak</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=28978_Ixion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="28978 Ixion (sortu gabe)">Ixion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubewano" title="Cubewano">Cubewanoak</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(55637)_2002_UX25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(55637) 2002 UX25 (sortu gabe)">2002 UX25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20000_Varuna" class="mw-redirect" title="20000 Varuna">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=15760_Albion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15760 Albion (sortu gabe)">Albion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(55636)_2002_TX300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(55636) 2002 TX300 (sortu gabe)">2002 TX300</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=38628_Huya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="38628 Huya (sortu gabe)">Huya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(55565)_2002_AW197&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(55565) 2002 AW197 (sortu gabe)">2002 AW197</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disko_sakabanatua" title="Disko sakabanatua">Disko sakabanatua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/229762_G%C7%83k%C3%BAn%C7%81%CA%BCh%C3%B2md%C3%ADm%C3%A0" title="229762 Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà">Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/(84522)_2002_TC302" title="(84522) 2002 TC302">2002 TC302</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_XR190&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 XR190 (sortu gabe)">2004 XR190</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beste batzuk</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sednoide" title="Sednoide">Sednoideak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_VP113" title="2012 VP113">2012 VP113</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banandutako_objektu" title="Banandutako objektu">Banandutako objektuak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damokloide" title="Damokloide">Damokloideak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oorten_hodeia" title="Oorten hodeia">Oorten hodeia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillsen_hodeia" title="Hillsen hodeia">Hillsen hodeia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="Nabarmendutako artikulua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/16px-Featured_article_star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/24px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Featured_article_star.svg/32px-Featured_article_star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="180" /> <a href="/wiki/Kometa" title="Kometa">Kometak</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zerrenda:Kokmetak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zerrenda:Kokmetak (sortu gabe)">Zerrenda:Kokmetak</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zerrenda:Kometa_periodikoak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zerrenda:Kometa periodikoak (sortu gabe)">Kometa periodikoak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zerrenda:Kometa_ia-parabolikoak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zerrenda:Kometa ia-parabolikoak (sortu gabe)">Kometa ia-parabolikoak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eguzkitik-gertuko_kometa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eguzkitik-gertuko kometa (sortu gabe)">Eguzkitik-gertukoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kometa_handi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kometa handi (sortu gabe)">Handia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraungitako_kometa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iraungitako kometa (sortu gabe)">Iraungia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kometa_galdu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kometa galdu (sortu gabe)">Galdua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Zerrendak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zerrenda:Eguzki_Sistemako_objektuak_tamainaren_arabera" title="Zerrenda:Eguzki Sistemako objektuak tamainaren arabera">Objektuak tamainaren arabera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zerrenda:Eguzki-sistema_eta_bertako_sateliteen_aurkikuntzaren_kronologia" title="Zerrenda:Eguzki-sistema eta bertako sateliteen aurkikuntzaren kronologia">Aurkikuntzen kronologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zerrenda:Asteroideak" title="Zerrenda:Asteroideak">Asteroideak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Hipotetikoak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bederatzigarren_planeta" title="Bederatzigarren planeta">Bederatzigarren planeta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulcanoide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulcanoide (sortu gabe)">Vulcanoideak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyche_(planeta_hipotetikoa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyche (planeta hipotetikoa) (sortu gabe)">Tyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis_hipotesia" title="Nemesis hipotesia">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptunoz_haraindiko_planetak" title="Neptunoz haraindiko planetak">Neptunoz haraindiko planetak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lurraren_balizko_ilargiak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lurraren balizko ilargiak (sortu gabe)">Lurraren balizko ilargiak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size: smaller"><div>Ikus, gainera: <a href="/wiki/Eguzki-sistemaren_sorrera_eta_garapena" title="Eguzki-sistemaren sorrera eta garapena">Eguzki-sistemaren sorrera eta garapena</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Atari:Eguzki-sistema" title="Atari:Eguzki-sistema">Eguzki sistemaren ataria</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ErrefAurrebista\" was not loaded. 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