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quantum circuit</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: variational quantum circuit"> <meta name="keywords" content="variational quantum circuit"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="variational quantum circuit"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1364</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: variational quantum circuit</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1184</span> Quantum Fisher Information of Bound Entangled W-Like States</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20Ozaydin">Fatih Ozaydin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantum Fisher information (QFI) is a multipartite entanglement witness and recently it has been studied extensively with separability and entanglement in the focus. On the other hand, bound entanglement is a special phenomena observed in mixed entangled states. In this work, we study the QFI of W states under a four-dimensional entanglement binding channel. Starting with initally pure W states of several qubits, we find how the QFI decreases as two qubits of the W state is subject to entanglement binding. We also show that as the size of the W state increases, the effect of entanglement binding is decreased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quantum%20Fisher%20information" title="Quantum Fisher information">Quantum Fisher information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W%20states" title=" W states"> W states</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bound%20entanglement" title=" bound entanglement"> bound entanglement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entanglement%20binding" title=" entanglement binding"> entanglement binding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15681/quantum-fisher-information-of-bound-entangled-w-like-states" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1183</span> Overview of a Quantum Model for Decision Support in a Sensor Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Payandeh">Shahram Payandeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an overview of a model which can be used as a part of a decision support system when fusing information from multiple sensing environment. Data fusion has been widely studied in the past few decades and numerous frameworks have been proposed to facilitate decision making process under uncertainties. Multi-sensor data fusion technology plays an increasingly significant role during people tracking and activity recognition. This paper presents an overview of a quantum model as a part of a decision-making process in the context of multi-sensor data fusion. The paper presents basic definitions and relationships associating the decision-making process and quantum model formulation in the presence of uncertainties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20model" title="quantum model">quantum model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20space" title=" sensor space"> sensor space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20network" title=" sensor network"> sensor network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support" title=" decision support"> decision support</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119110/overview-of-a-quantum-model-for-decision-support-in-a-sensor-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1182</span> Field Experience with Sweep Frequency Response Analysis for Power Transformer Diagnosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ambuj%20Kumar">Ambuj Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunil%20Kumar%20Singh"> Sunil Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shrikant%20Singh"> Shrikant Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakir%20Husain"> Zakir Husain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Jarial"> R. K. Jarial</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sweep frequency response analysis has been turning out a powerful tool for investigation of mechanical as well as electrical integration of transformers. In this paper various aspect of practical application of SFRA has been studied. Open circuit and short circuit measurement were done on different phases of high voltage and low voltage winding. A case study was presented for the transformer of rating 31.5 MVA for various frequency ranges. A clear picture was presented for sub- frequency ranges for HV as well as LV winding. The main motive of work is to investigate high voltage short circuit response. The theoretical concept about SFRA responses is validated with expert system software results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer%20winding" title="transformer winding">transformer winding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SFRA" title=" SFRA"> SFRA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCT%20%26%20SCT" title=" OCT & SCT"> OCT & SCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20deviation" title=" frequency deviation"> frequency deviation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27973/field-experience-with-sweep-frequency-response-analysis-for-power-transformer-diagnosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">957</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1181</span> Prediction of the Performance of a Bar-Type Piezoelectric Vibration Actuator Depending on the Frequency Using an Equivalent Circuit Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20Kim">J. H. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20Kwon"> J. H. Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20S.%20Park"> J. S. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20J.%20Lim"> K. J. Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper has investigated a technique that predicts the performance of a bar-type unimorph piezoelectric vibration actuator depending on the frequency. This paper has been proposed an equivalent circuit that can be easily analyzed for the bar-type unimorph piezoelectric vibration actuator. In the dynamic analysis, rigidity and resonance frequency, which are important mechanical elements, were derived using the basic beam theory. In the equivalent circuit analysis, the displacement and bandwidth of the piezoelectric vibration actuator depending on the frequency were predicted. Also, for the reliability of the derived equations, the predicted performance depending on the shape change was compared with the result of a finite element analysis program. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actuator" title="actuator">actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric" title=" piezoelectric"> piezoelectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unimorph" title=" unimorph "> unimorph </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14060/prediction-of-the-performance-of-a-bar-type-piezoelectric-vibration-actuator-depending-on-the-frequency-using-an-equivalent-circuit-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1180</span> Quantum Mechanics as A Limiting Case of Relativistic Mechanics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Almajid">Ahmad Almajid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The idea of unifying quantum mechanics with general relativity is still a dream for many researchers, as physics has only two paths, no more. Einstein's path, which is mainly based on particle mechanics, and the path of Paul Dirac and others, which is based on wave mechanics, the incompatibility of the two approaches is due to the radical difference in the initial assumptions and the mathematical nature of each approach. Logical thinking in modern physics leads us to two problems: - In quantum mechanics, despite its success, the problem of measurement and the problem of wave function interpretation is still obscure. - In special relativity, despite the success of the equivalence of rest-mass and energy, but at the speed of light, the fact that the energy becomes infinite is contrary to logic because the speed of light is not infinite, and the mass of the particle is not infinite too. These contradictions arise from the overlap of relativistic and quantum mechanics in the neighborhood of the speed of light, and in order to solve these problems, one must understand well how to move from relativistic mechanics to quantum mechanics, or rather, to unify them in a way different from Dirac's method, in order to go along with God or Nature, since, as Einstein said, "God doesn't play dice." From De Broglie's hypothesis about wave-particle duality, Léon Brillouin's definition of the new proper time was deduced, and thus the quantum Lorentz factor was obtained. Finally, using the Euler-Lagrange equation, we come up with new equations in quantum mechanics. In this paper, the two problems in modern physics mentioned above are solved; it can be said that this new approach to quantum mechanics will enable us to unify it with general relativity quite simply. If the experiments prove the validity of the results of this research, we will be able in the future to transport the matter at speed close to the speed of light. Finally, this research yielded three important results: 1- Lorentz quantum factor. 2- Planck energy is a limited case of Einstein energy. 3- Real quantum mechanics, in which new equations for quantum mechanics match and exceed Dirac's equations, these equations have been reached in a completely different way from Dirac's method. These equations show that quantum mechanics is a limited case of relativistic mechanics. At the Solvay Conference in 1927, the debate about quantum mechanics between Bohr, Einstein, and others reached its climax, while Bohr suggested that if particles are not observed, they are in a probabilistic state, then Einstein said his famous claim ("God does not play dice"). Thus, Einstein was right, especially when he didn't accept the principle of indeterminacy in quantum theory, although experiments support quantum mechanics. However, the results of our research indicate that God really does not play dice; when the electron disappears, it turns into amicable particles or an elastic medium, according to the above obvious equations. Likewise, Bohr was right also, when he indicated that there must be a science like quantum mechanics to monitor and study the motion of subatomic particles, but the picture in front of him was blurry and not clear, so he resorted to the probabilistic interpretation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lorentz%20quantum%20factor" title="lorentz quantum factor">lorentz quantum factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new" title=" new"> new</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planck%E2%80%99s%20energy%20as%20a%20limiting%20case%20of%20einstein%E2%80%99s%20energy" title=" planck’s energy as a limiting case of einstein’s energy"> planck’s energy as a limiting case of einstein’s energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20quantum%20mechanics" title=" real quantum mechanics"> real quantum mechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20equations%20for%20quantum%20mechanics" title=" new equations for quantum mechanics"> new equations for quantum mechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159579/quantum-mechanics-as-a-limiting-case-of-relativistic-mechanics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159579.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1179</span> A Soft Error Rates (SER) Evaluation Method of Combinational Logic Circuit Based on Linear Energy Transfers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Li">Man Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanting%20Zhou"> Wanting Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Li"> Lei Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Communication stability is the primary concern of communication satellites. Communication satellites are easily affected by particle radiation to generate single event effects (SEE), which leads to soft errors (SE) of the combinational logic circuit. The existing research on soft error rates (SER) of the combined logic circuit is mostly based on the assumption that the logic gates being bombarded have the same pulse width. However, in the actual radiation environment, the pulse widths of the logic gates being bombarded are different due to different linear energy transfers (LET). In order to improve the accuracy of SER evaluation model, this paper proposes a soft error rate evaluation method based on LET. In this paper, the authors analyze the influence of LET on the pulse width of combinational logic and establish the pulse width model based on the LET. Based on this model, the error rate of test circuit ISCAS'85 is calculated. The effectiveness of the model is proved by comparing it with previous experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20satellite" title="communication satellite">communication satellite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20width" title=" pulse width"> pulse width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20error%20rates" title=" soft error rates"> soft error rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LET" title=" LET"> LET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148147/a-soft-error-rates-ser-evaluation-method-of-combinational-logic-circuit-based-on-linear-energy-transfers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148147.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1178</span> Isolated Iterating Fractal Independently Corresponds with Light and Foundational Quantum Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blair%20D.%20Macdonald">Blair D. Macdonald</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> After nearly one hundred years of its origin, foundational quantum mechanics remains one of the greatest unexplained mysteries in physicists today. Within this time, chaos theory and its geometry, the fractal, has developed. In this paper, the propagation behaviour with an iteration of a simple fractal, the Koch Snowflake, was described and analysed. From an arbitrary observation point within the fractal set, the fractal propagates forward by oscillation—the focus of this study and retrospectively behind by exponential growth from a point beginning. It propagates a potentially infinite exponential oscillating sinusoidal wave of discrete triangle bits sharing many characteristics of light and quantum entities. The model's wave speed is potentially constant, offering insights into the perception and a direction of time where, to an observer, when travelling at the frontier of propagation, time may slow to a stop. In isolation, the fractal is a superposition of component bits where position and scale present a problem of location. In reality, this problem is experienced within fractal landscapes or fields where 'position' is only 'known' by the addition of information or markers. The quantum' measurement problem', 'uncertainty principle,' 'entanglement,' and the classical-quantum interface are addressed; these are a problem of scale invariance associated with isolated fractality. Dual forward and retrospective perspectives of the fractal model offer the opportunity for unification between quantum mechanics and cosmological mathematics, observations, and conjectures. Quantum and cosmological problems may be different aspects of the one fractal geometry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20problem" title="measurement problem">measurement problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observer" title=" observer"> observer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entanglement" title=" entanglement"> entanglement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unification" title=" unification"> unification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151867/isolated-iterating-fractal-independently-corresponds-with-light-and-foundational-quantum-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151867.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1177</span> Nano-Sensors: Search for New Features</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Filikhin">I. Filikhin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Vlahovic"> B. Vlahovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We focus on a novel type of detection based on electron tunneling properties of double nanoscale structures in semiconductor materials. Semiconductor heterostructures as quantum wells (QWs), quantum dots (QDs), and quantum rings (QRs) may have energy level structure of several hundred of electron confinement states. The single electron spectra of the double quantum objects (DQW, DQD, and DQR) were studied in our previous works with relation to the electron localization and tunneling between the objects. The wave function of electron may be localized in one of the QDs or be delocalized when it is spread over the whole system. The localizing-delocalizing tunneling occurs when an electron transition between both states is possible. The tunneling properties of spectra differ strongly for “regular” and “chaotic” systems. We have shown that a small violation of the geometry drastically affects localization of electron. In particular, such violations lead to the elimination of the delocalized states of the system. The same symmetry violation effect happens if electrical or magnetic fields are applied. These phenomena could be used to propose a new type of detection based on the high sensitivity of charge transport between double nanostructures and small violations of the shapes. It may have significant technological implications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20quantum%20dots" title="double quantum dots">double quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20electron%20levels" title=" single electron levels"> single electron levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunneling" title=" tunneling"> tunneling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20localizations" title=" electron localizations"> electron localizations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24024/nano-sensors-search-for-new-features" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1176</span> FPGA Implementation of the BB84 Protocol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaouadi%20Ikram">Jaouadi Ikram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Machhout%20Mohsen"> Machhout Mohsen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platform is the subject of this paper. A quantum cryptographic protocol is designed based on the properties of quantum information and the characteristics of FPGAs. The proposed protocol performs key extraction, reconciliation, error correction, and privacy amplification tasks to generate a perfectly secret final key. We modeled the presence of the spy in our system with a strategy to reveal some of the exchanged information without being noticed. Using an FPGA card with a 100 MHz clock frequency, we have demonstrated the evolution of the error rate as well as the amounts of mutual information (between the two interlocutors and that of the spy) passing from one step to another in the key generation process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QKD" title="QKD">QKD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BB84" title=" BB84"> BB84</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protocol" title=" protocol"> protocol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptography" title=" cryptography"> cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FPGA" title=" FPGA"> FPGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key" title=" key"> key</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98812/fpga-implementation-of-the-bb84-protocol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1175</span> Microwave Single Photon Source Using Landau-Zener Transitions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siddhi%20Khaire">Siddhi Khaire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samarth%20Hawaldar"> Samarth Hawaldar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baladitya%20Suri"> Baladitya Suri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As efforts towards quantum communication advance, the need for single photon sources becomes imminent. Due to the extremely low energy of a single microwave photon, efforts to build single photon sources and detectors in the microwave range are relatively recent. We plan to use a Cooper Pair Box (CPB) that has a ‘sweet-spot’ where the two energy levels have minimal separation. Moreover, these qubits have fairly large anharmonicity making them close to ideal two-level systems. If the external gate voltage of these qubits is varied rapidly while passing through the sweet-spot, due to Landau-Zener effect, the qubit can be excited almost deterministically. The rapid change of the gate control voltage through the sweet spot induces a non-adiabatic population transfer from the ground to the excited state. The qubit eventually decays into the emission line emitting a single photon. The advantage of this setup is that the qubit can be excited without any coherent microwave excitation, thereby effectively increasing the usable source efficiency due to the absence of control pulse microwave photons. Since the probability of a Landau-Zener transition can be made almost close to unity by the appropriate design of parameters, this source behaves as an on-demand source of single microwave photons. The large anharmonicity of the CPB also ensures that only one excited state is involved in the transition and multiple photon output is highly improbable. Such a system has so far not been implemented and would find many applications in the areas of quantum optics, quantum computation as well as quantum communication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20computing" title="quantum computing">quantum computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20communication" title=" quantum communication"> quantum communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20optics" title=" quantum optics"> quantum optics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconducting%20qubits" title=" superconducting qubits"> superconducting qubits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flux%20qubit" title=" flux qubit"> flux qubit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20qubit" title=" charge qubit"> charge qubit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20single%20photon%20source" title=" microwave single photon source"> microwave single photon source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20information%20processing" title=" quantum information processing"> quantum information processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160844/microwave-single-photon-source-using-landau-zener-transitions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1174</span> Load Characteristics of Improved Howland Current Pump for Bio-Impedance Measurement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhao%20Weijie">Zhao Weijie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Xinjian"> Lin Xinjian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Xiaojuan"> Liu Xiaojuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Lihua"> Li Lihua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Howland current pump is widely used in bio-impedance measurement. Much attention has been focused on the output impedance of the Howland circuit. Here we focus on the maximum load of the Howland source and discuss the relationship between the circuit parameters at maximum load. We conclude that the signal input terminal of the feedback resistor should be as large as possible, but that the current-limiting resistor should be smaller. The op-amp saturation voltage should also be high. The bandwidth of the circuit is proportional to the bandwidth of the op-amp. The Howland current pump was simulated using multisim12. When the AD8066AR was selected as the op-amp, the maximum load was 11.5 kΩ, and the Howland current pump had a stable output ipp to 2mAp up to 200 kHz. However, with an OPA847 op-amp and a load of 6.3 kΩ, the output current was also stable, and the frequency was as high as 3 MHz. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-impedance" title="bio-impedance">bio-impedance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=improved%20Howland%20current%20pump" title=" improved Howland current pump"> improved Howland current pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20characteristics" title=" load characteristics"> load characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioengineering" title=" bioengineering"> bioengineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3294/load-characteristics-of-improved-howland-current-pump-for-bio-impedance-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1173</span> Size Distribution Effect of InAs/InP Self–Organized Quantum Dots on Optical Properties </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkader%20Nouri">Abdelkader Nouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%E2%80%99hamed%20Bouslama"> M’hamed Bouslama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faouzi%20Saidi"> Faouzi Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Maaref"> Hassan Maaref</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Gendry"> Michel Gendry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Self-organized InAs quantum dots (QDs) have been grown on 3,1% InP (110) lattice mismatched substrate by Solid Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy (SSMBE). Stranski-Krastanov mode growth has been used to create self-assembled 3D islands on InAs wetting layer (WL). The optical quality depending on the temperature and power is evaluated. In addition, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images shows inhomogeneous island dots size distribution due to temperature coalescence. The quantum size effect was clearly observed through the spectra photoluminescence (PL) shape. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AFM" title="AFM">AFM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InAs%20QDs" title=" InAs QDs"> InAs QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PL" title=" PL"> PL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSMBE" title=" SSMBE"> SSMBE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20670/size-distribution-effect-of-inasinp-self-organized-quantum-dots-on-optical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">686</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1172</span> Design and Characterization of CMOS Readout Circuit for ISFET and ISE Based Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuzman%20Yusoff">Yuzman Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Noor%20Harun"> Siti Noor Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Shelida%20Salleh"> Noor Shelida Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Kong%20Yew"> Tan Kong Yew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the design and characterization of analog readout interface circuits for ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) and ion selective electrode (ISE) based sensor. These interface circuits are implemented using MIMOS’s 0.35um CMOS technology and experimentally characterized under 24-leads QFN package. The characterization evaluates the circuit’s functionality, output sensitivity and output linearity. Commercial sensors for both ISFET and ISE are employed together with glass reference electrode during testing. The test result shows that the designed interface circuits manage to readout signals produced by both sensors with measured sensitivity of ISFET and ISE sensor are 54mV/pH and 62mV/decade, respectively. The characterized output linearity for both circuits achieves above 0.999 rsquare. The readout also has demonstrated reliable operation by passing all qualifications in reliability test plan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=readout%20interface%20circuit%20%28ROIC%29" title="readout interface circuit (ROIC)">readout interface circuit (ROIC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analog%20interface%20circuit" title=" analog interface circuit"> analog interface circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20sensitive%20field%20effect%20transistor%20%28ISFET%29" title=" ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET)"> ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20selective%20electrode%20%28ISE%29" title=" ion selective electrode (ISE)"> ion selective electrode (ISE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20sensor%20electronics" title=" ion sensor electronics"> ion sensor electronics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1577/design-and-characterization-of-cmos-readout-circuit-for-isfet-and-ise-based-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1171</span> Integration from Laboratory to Industrialization for Hybrid Printed Electronics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Moulay">Ahmed Moulay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariia%20Zhuldybina"> Mariia Zhuldybina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirko%20Torres"> Mirko Torres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mike%20Rozel"> Mike Rozel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngoc%20Duc%20Trinh"> Ngoc Duc Trinh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chlo%C3%A9%20Bois"> Chloé Bois</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hybrid printed electronics technology (HPE) provides innovative opportunities to enhance conventional electronics applications, which are often based on printed circuit boards (PCB). By combining the best of both performance from conventional electronic components and the flexibility from printed circuits makes it possible to manufacture HPE at high volumes using roll-to-roll printing processes. However, several challenges must be overcome in order to accurately integrate an electronic component on a printed circuit. In this presentation, we will demonstrate the integration process of electronic components from the lab scale to the industrialization. Both the printing quality and the integration technique must be studied to define the optimal conditions. To cover the parameters that influence the print quality of the printed circuit, different printing processes, flexible substrates, and conductive inks will be used to determine the optimized printing process/ink/substrate system. After the systems is selected, an electronic component of 2.5 mm2 chip size will be integrated to validate the functionality of the printed, electronic circuit. Critical information such as the conductive adhesive, the curing conditions, and the chip encapsulation will be determined. Thanks to these preliminary results, we are able to demonstrate the chip integration on a printed circuit using industrial equipment, showing the potential of industrialization, compatible using roll-to-roll printing and integrating processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flat%20bed%20screen-printing" title="flat bed screen-printing">flat bed screen-printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20printed%20electronics" title=" hybrid printed electronics"> hybrid printed electronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large-scale%20production" title=" large-scale production"> large-scale production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roll-to-roll%20printing" title=" roll-to-roll printing"> roll-to-roll printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotary%20screen%20printing" title=" rotary screen printing"> rotary screen printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142964/integration-from-laboratory-to-industrialization-for-hybrid-printed-electronics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1170</span> Design and Characterization of a CMOS Process Sensor Utilizing Vth Extractor Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohana%20Musa">Rohana Musa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuzman%20Yusoff"> Yuzman Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia%20Chieu%20Yin"> Chia Chieu Yin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanif%20Che%20Lah"> Hanif Che Lah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the design and characterization of a low power Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process sensor. The design is targeted for implementation using Silterra’s 180 nm CMOS process technology. The proposed process sensor employs a voltage threshold (V<sub>th</sub>) extractor architecture for detection of variations in the fabrication process. The process sensor generates output voltages in the range of 401 mV (fast-fast corner) to 443 mV (slow-slow corner) at nominal condition. The power dissipation for this process sensor is 6.3 µW with a supply voltage of 1.8V with a silicon area of 190 µm X 60 µm. The preliminary result of this process sensor that was fabricated indicates a close resemblance between test and simulated results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMOS%20process%20sensor" title="CMOS process sensor">CMOS process sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVT%20sensor" title=" PVT sensor"> PVT sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threshold%20extractor%20circuit" title=" threshold extractor circuit"> threshold extractor circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vth%20extractor%20circuit" title=" Vth extractor circuit"> Vth extractor circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129672/design-and-characterization-of-a-cmos-process-sensor-utilizing-vth-extractor-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129672.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1169</span> A Novel PWM/PFM Controller for PSR Fly-Back Converter Using a New Peak Sensing Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanguk%20Nam">Sanguk Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20Ha%20Nguyen"> Van Ha Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanjung%20Song"> Hanjung Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For low-power applications such as adapters for portable devices and USB chargers, the primary side regulation (PSR) fly-back converter is widely used in lieu of the conventional fly-back converter using opto-coupler because of its simpler structure and lower cost. In the literature, there has been studies focusing on the design of PSR circuit; however, the conventional sensing method in PSR circuit using RC delay has a lower accuracy as compared to the conventional fly-back converter using opto-coupler. In this paper, we propose a novel PWM/PFM controller using new sensing technique for the PSR fly-back converter which can control an accurate output voltage. The conventional PSR circuit can sense the output voltage information from the auxiliary winding to regulate the duty cycle of the clock that control the output voltage. In the sensing signal waveform, there has two transient points at time the voltage equals to Vout+VD and Vout, respectively. In other to sense the output voltage, the PSR circuit must detect the time at which the current of the diode at the output equals to zero. In the conventional PSR flyback-converter, the sensing signal at this time has a non-sharp-negative slope that might cause a difficulty in detecting the output voltage information since a delay of sensing signal or switching clock may exist which brings out an unstable operation of PSR fly-back converter. In this paper instead of detecting output voltage at a non-sharp-negative slope, a sharp-positive slope is used to sense the proper information of the output voltage. The proposed PRS circuit consists of a saw-tooth generator, a summing circuit, a sample and hold circuit and a peak detector. Besides, there is also the start-up circuit which protects the chip from high surge current when the converter is turned on. Additionally, to reduce the standby power loss, a second mode which operates in a low frequency is designed beside the main mode at high frequency. In general, the operation of the proposed PSR circuit can be summarized as following: At the time the output information is sensed from the auxiliary winding, a saw-tooth signal from the saw-tooth generator is generated. Then, both of these signals are summed using a summing circuit. After this process, the slope of the peak of the sensing signal at the time diode current is zero becomes positive and sharp that make the peak easy to detect. The output of the summing circuit then is fed into a peak detector and the sample and hold circuit; hence, the output voltage can be properly sensed. By this way, we can sense more accurate output voltage information and extend margin even circuit is delayed or even there is the existence of noise by using only a simple circuit structure as compared with conventional circuits while the performance can be sufficiently enhanced. Circuit verification was carried out using 0.35μm 700V Magnachip process. The simulation result of sensing signal shows a maximum error of 5mV under various load and line conditions which means the operation of the converter is stable. As compared to the conventional circuit, we achieved very small error only used analog circuits compare with conventional circuits. In this paper, a PWM/PFM controller using a simple and effective sensing method for PSR fly-back converter has been presented in this paper. The circuit structure is simple as compared with the conventional designs. The gained results from simulation confirmed the idea of the design <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20side%20regulation" title="primary side regulation">primary side regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSR" title=" PSR"> PSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensing%20technique" title=" sensing technique"> sensing technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20detector" title=" peak detector"> peak detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PWM%2FPFM%20control" title=" PWM/PFM control"> PWM/PFM control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly-back%20converter" title=" fly-back converter"> fly-back converter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32180/a-novel-pwmpfm-controller-for-psr-fly-back-converter-using-a-new-peak-sensing-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1168</span> Magnetic Field Effects on Parabolic Graphene Quantum Dots with Topological Defects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Defne%20Akay">Defne Akay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bekir%20S.%20Kandemir"> Bekir S. Kandemir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we investigate the low-lying energy levels of the two-dimensional parabolic graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in the presence of topological defects with long range Coulomb impurity and subjected to an external uniform magnetic field. The low-lying energy levels of the system are obtained within the framework of the perturbation theory. We theoretically demonstrate that a valley splitting can be controlled by geometrical parameters of the graphene quantum dots and/or by tuning a uniform magnetic field, as well as topological defects. It is found that, for parabolic graphene dots, the valley splitting occurs due to the introduction of spatial confinement. The corresponding splitting is enhanced by the introduction of a uniform magnetic field and it increases by increasing the angle of the cone in subcritical regime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coulomb%20impurity" title="coulomb impurity">coulomb impurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20cones" title=" graphene cones"> graphene cones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20quantum%20dots" title=" graphene quantum dots"> graphene quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20defects" title=" topological defects"> topological defects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43687/magnetic-field-effects-on-parabolic-graphene-quantum-dots-with-topological-defects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1167</span> Characterization of InGaAsP/InP Quantum Well Lasers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Melouk">K. Melouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Dellakracha%C3%AF"> M. Dellakrachaï</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analytical formula for the optical gain based on a simple parabolic-band by introducing theoretical expressions for the quantized energy is presented. The model used in this treatment take into account the effects of intraband relaxation. It is shown, as a result, that the gain for the TE mode is larger than that for TM mode and the presence of acceptor impurity increase the peak gain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InGaAsP" title="InGaAsP">InGaAsP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20well" title=" quantum well"> quantum well</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor" title=" semiconductor"> semiconductor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38180/characterization-of-ingaaspinp-quantum-well-lasers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1166</span> A Novel Approach to Asynchronous State Machine Modeling on Multisim for Avoiding Function Hazards</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisi%20L.">Parisi L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamili%20D."> Hamili D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azlan%20N."> Azlan N.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to design and simulate a particular type of Asynchronous State Machine (ASM), namely a ‘traffic light controller’ (TLC), operated at a frequency of 0.5 Hz. The design task involved two main stages: firstly, designing a 4-bit binary counter using J-K flip flops as the timing signal and subsequently, attaining the digital logic by deploying ASM design process. The TLC was designed such that it showed a sequence of three different colours, i.e. red, yellow and green, corresponding to set thresholds by deploying the least number of AND, OR and NOT gates possible. The software Multisim was deployed to design such circuit and simulate it for circuit troubleshooting in order for it to display the output sequence of the three different colours on the traffic light in the correct order. A clock signal, an asynchronous 4-bit binary counter that was designed through the use of J-K flip flops along with an ASM were used to complete this sequence, which was programmed to be repeated indefinitely. Eventually, the circuit was debugged and optimized, thus displaying the correct waveforms of the three outputs through the logic analyzer. However, hazards occurred when the frequency was increased to 10 MHz. This was attributed to delays in the feedback being too high. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asynchronous%20state%20machine" title="asynchronous state machine">asynchronous state machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20light%20controller" title=" traffic light controller"> traffic light controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circuit%20design" title=" circuit design"> circuit design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20electronics" title=" digital electronics"> digital electronics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22349/a-novel-approach-to-asynchronous-state-machine-modeling-on-multisim-for-avoiding-function-hazards" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1165</span> Piezoelectric based Passive Vibration Control of Composite Turbine Blade using Shunt Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kouider%20Bendine">Kouider Bendine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zouaoui%20Satla"> Zouaoui Satla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukhoulda%20Farouk%20Benallel"> Boukhoulda Farouk Benallel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shun-Qi%20Zhang"> Shun-Qi Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turbine blades are subjected to a variety of loads, lead to an undesirable vibration. Such vibration can cause serious damages or even lead to a total failure of the blade. The present paper addresses the vibration control of turbine blade. The study aims to propose a passive vibration control using piezoelectric material. the passive control is effectuated by shunting an RL circuit to the piezoelectric patch in a parallel configuration. To this end, a Finite element model for the blade with the piezoelectric patch is implemented in ANSYS APDL. The model is then subjected to a harmonic frequency-based analysis for the case of control on and off. The results show that the proposed methodology was able to reduce blade vibration by 18%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blade" title="blade">blade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20piezoelectric%20vibration%20control" title=" active piezoelectric vibration control"> active piezoelectric vibration control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element." title=" finite element."> finite element.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shunt%20circuit" title=" shunt circuit"> shunt circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165603/piezoelectric-based-passive-vibration-control-of-composite-turbine-blade-using-shunt-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1164</span> Circuit Models for Conducted Susceptibility Analyses of Multiconductor Shielded Cables</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saih%20Mohamed">Saih Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rouijaa%20Hicham"> Rouijaa Hicham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghammaz%20Abdelilah"> Ghammaz Abdelilah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents circuit models to analyze the conducted susceptibility of multiconductor shielded cables in frequency domains using Branin’s method, which is referred to as the method of characteristics. These models, Which can be used directly in the time and frequency domains, take into account the presence of both the transfer impedance and admittance. The conducted susceptibility is studied by using an injection current on the cable shield as the source. Two examples are studied, a coaxial shielded cable and shielded cables with two parallel wires (i.e., twinax cables). This shield has an asymmetry (one slot on the side). Results obtained by these models are in good agreement with those obtained by other methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circuit%20models" title="circuit models">circuit models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiconductor%20shielded%20cables" title=" multiconductor shielded cables"> multiconductor shielded cables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Branin%E2%80%99s%20method" title=" Branin’s method"> Branin’s method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coaxial%20shielded%20cable" title=" coaxial shielded cable"> coaxial shielded cable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twinax%20cables" title=" twinax cables "> twinax cables </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25541/circuit-models-for-conducted-susceptibility-analyses-of-multiconductor-shielded-cables" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1163</span> A Neural Network Approach for an Automatic Detection and Localization of an Open Phase Circuit of a Five-Phase Induction Machine Used in a Drivetrain of an Electric Vehicle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Chahba">Saad Chahba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Sehab"> Rabia Sehab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Akrad"> Ahmad Akrad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20Morel"> Cristina Morel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, the electric machines used in urban electric vehicles are, in most cases, three-phase electric machines with or without a magnet in the rotor. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) and Induction Machine (IM) are the main components of drive trains of electric and hybrid vehicles. These machines have very good performance in healthy operation mode, but they are not redundant to ensure safety in faulty operation mode. Faced with the continued growth in the demand for electric vehicles in the automotive market, improving the reliability of electric vehicles is necessary over the lifecycle of the electric vehicle. Multiphase electric machines respond well to this constraint because, on the one hand, they have better robustness in the event of a breakdown (opening of a phase, opening of an arm of the power stage, intern-turn short circuit) and, on the other hand, better power density. In this work, a diagnosis approach using a neural network for an open circuit fault or more of a five-phase induction machine is developed. Validation on the simulator of the vehicle drivetrain, at reduced power, is carried out, creating one and more open circuit stator phases showing the efficiency and the reliability of the new approach to detect and to locate on-line one or more open phases of a five-induction machine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle%20drivetrain" title="electric vehicle drivetrain">electric vehicle drivetrain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiphase%20drives" title=" multiphase drives"> multiphase drives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20machine" title=" induction machine"> induction machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control" title=" control"> control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20circuit%20%28OC%29%20fault%20diagnosis" title=" open circuit (OC) fault diagnosis"> open circuit (OC) fault diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title=" artificial neural network"> artificial neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143890/a-neural-network-approach-for-an-automatic-detection-and-localization-of-an-open-phase-circuit-of-a-five-phase-induction-machine-used-in-a-drivetrain-of-an-electric-vehicle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1162</span> Numerical Pricing of Financial Options under Irrational Exercise Times and Regime-Switching Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Saber%20Rohi">Mohammad Saber Rohi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saghar%20Heidari"> Saghar Heidari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we studied the pricing problem of American options under a regime-switching model with the possibility of a non-optimal exercise policy (early or late exercise time) which is called an irrational strategy. For this, we consider a Markovmodulated model for the dynamic of the underlying asset as an alternative model to the classical Balck-Scholes-Merton model (BSM) and an intensity-based model for the irrational strategy, to provide more realistic results for American option prices under the irrational behavior in real financial markets. Applying a partial differential equation (PDE) approach, the pricing problem of American options under regime-switching models can be formulated as coupled PDEs. To solve the resulting systems of PDEs in this model, we apply a finite element method as the numerical solving procedure to the resulting variational inequality. Under some appropriate assumptions, we establish the stability of the method and compare its accuracy to some recent works to illustrate the suitability of the proposed model and the accuracy of the applied numerical method for the pricing problem of American options under the regime-switching model with irrational behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrational%20exercise%20strategy" title="irrational exercise strategy">irrational exercise strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rationality%20parameter" title=" rationality parameter"> rationality parameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regime-switching%20model" title=" regime-switching model"> regime-switching model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=American%20option" title=" American option"> American option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20inequality" title=" variational inequality"> variational inequality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160801/numerical-pricing-of-financial-options-under-irrational-exercise-times-and-regime-switching-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160801.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1161</span> Digital Material Characterization Using the Quantum Fourier Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20Givois">Felix Givois</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolas%20R.%20Gauger"> Nicolas R. Gauger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20Kabel"> Matthias Kabel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficient digital material characterization is of great interest to many fields of application. It consists of the following three steps. First, a 3D reconstruction of 2D scans must be performed. Then, the resulting gray-value image of the material sample is enhanced by image processing methods. Finally, partial differential equations (PDE) are solved on the segmented image, and by averaging the resulting solutions fields, effective properties like stiffness or conductivity can be computed. Due to the high resolution of current CT images, the latter is typically performed with matrix-free solvers. Among them, a solver that uses the explicit formula of the Green-Eshelby operator in Fourier space has been proposed by Moulinec and Suquet. Its algorithmic, most complex part is the Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). In our talk, we will discuss the potential quantum advantage that can be obtained by replacing the FFT with the Quantum Fourier Transformation (QFT). We will especially show that the data transfer for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices can be improved by using appropriate boundary conditions for the PDE, which also allows using semi-classical versions of the QFT. In the end, we will compare the results of the QFT-based algorithm for simple geometries with the results of the FFT-based homogenization method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=most%20likelihood%20amplitude%20estimation%20%28MLQAE%29" title="most likelihood amplitude estimation (MLQAE)">most likelihood amplitude estimation (MLQAE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20homogenization" title=" numerical homogenization"> numerical homogenization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20Fourier%20transformation%20%28QFT%29" title=" quantum Fourier transformation (QFT)"> quantum Fourier transformation (QFT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NISQ%20devises" title=" NISQ devises"> NISQ devises</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163241/digital-material-characterization-using-the-quantum-fourier-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1160</span> Gravitational Frequency Shifts for Photons and Particles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing-Gang%20Xie">Jing-Gang Xie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research, in this case, considers the integration of the Quantum Field Theory and the General Relativity Theory. As two successful models in explaining behaviors of particles, they are incompatible since they work at different masses and scales of energy, with the evidence that regards the description of black holes and universe formation. It is so considering previous efforts in merging the two theories, including the likes of the String Theory, Quantum Gravity models, and others. In a bid to prove an actionable experiment, the paper’s approach starts with the derivations of the existing theories at present. It goes on to test the derivations by applying the same initial assumptions, coupled with several deviations. The resulting equations get similar results to those of classical Newton model, quantum mechanics, and general relativity as long as conditions are normal. However, outcomes are different when conditions are extreme, specifically with no breakdowns even for less than Schwarzschild radius, or at Planck length cases. Even so, it proves the possibilities of integrating the two theories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20relativity%20theory" title="general relativity theory">general relativity theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particles" title=" particles"> particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photons" title=" photons"> photons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quantum%20Gravity%20Model" title=" Quantum Gravity Model"> Quantum Gravity Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravitational%20frequency%20shift" title=" gravitational frequency shift"> gravitational frequency shift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59744/gravitational-frequency-shifts-for-photons-and-particles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1159</span> Thermal Interruption Performance of High Voltage Gas Circuit Breaker Operating with CO₂ Mixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yacine%20Babou">Yacine Babou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitesh%20Ranjan"> Nitesh Ranjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Branimir%20Radisavljevic"> Branimir Radisavljevic </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Seeger"> Martin Seeger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Over"> Daniel Over</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torsten%20Votteler"> Torsten Votteler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernardo%20Galletti"> Bernardo Galletti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paulo%20Cristini"> Paulo Cristini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the frame of replacement of Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as insulating and switching medium, diverse alternative gases, offering acceptable Global Warming Potential and fulfilling requirements in terms of heat dissipation, insulation and arc quenching performances are currently investigated for High Voltage Circuit Breaker applications. Among the potential gases, CO₂ seems a promising candidate for replacing SF6, because on one hand it is environmentally friendly, harmless, non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-flammable and on the other hand previous studies have demonstrated its fair interruption capabilities. The present study aims at investigating the performance of CO₂ for the thermal interruption in high voltage self-blast circuit breakers. In particular, the correlation between thermal interruption performance and arc voltage is considered and the effect of the arc-network interaction on the performance is rigorously analyzed. For the considered designs, the thermal interruption was evaluated by varying the slope at current zero (i.e., di/dt) for which the breaker could interrupt. Besides, the characteristics of the post-arc current are examined in detail for various rated voltages and currents. The outcome of these experimental investigations will be reported and analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20zero%20measurement" title="current zero measurement">current zero measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20voltage%20circuit%20breaker" title=" high voltage circuit breaker"> high voltage circuit breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20arc%20discharge" title=" thermal arc discharge"> thermal arc discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20interruption" title=" thermal interruption"> thermal interruption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135199/thermal-interruption-performance-of-high-voltage-gas-circuit-breaker-operating-with-co2-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1158</span> Simple and Concise Maximum Power Control Circuit for PV Power Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keiju%20Matsui">Keiju Matsui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mikio%20Yasubayashi"> Mikio Yasubayashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masayoshi%20Umeno"> Masayoshi Umeno</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Consumption of energy is increasing every year, and yet does not the decline at all. The main energy source is fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas. Since it is the finite resources, they will be exhausted someday. Moreover, to make the fossil fuel an energy source causes an environment problem. In such way, one solution of the problems is the solar battery that is remarkable as one of the alternative energies. Under such circumstances, in this paper, we propose a novel maximum power control circuit for photovoltaic power generation system with simple and fast-response operation. In addition to an application to the solar battery, since this control system is possible to operate with simple circuit and fast-response, the polar value control like the maximum or the minimum value tracking for general application could be easily realized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power%20control" title="maximum power control">maximum power control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-connection" title=" inter-connection"> inter-connection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20power%20generation" title=" photovoltaic power generation"> photovoltaic power generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PI%20controller" title=" PI controller"> PI controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplier" title=" multiplier"> multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exclusive-or" title=" exclusive-or"> exclusive-or</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20system" title=" power system"> power system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2577/simple-and-concise-maximum-power-control-circuit-for-pv-power-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1157</span> Charge Carrier Mobility Dependent Open-Circuit Voltage in Organic and Hybrid Solar Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Ompong">David Ompong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jai%20Singh"> Jai Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A better understanding of the open-circuit voltage (Voc) related losses in organic solar cells (OSCs) is desirable in order to assess the photovoltaic performance of these devices. We have derived Voc as a function of charge carrier mobilities (μe and μh) for organic and hybrid solar cells by optimizing the drift-diffusion current density. The optimum Voc thus obtained depends on the energy difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and the quasi-Fermi level of holes of the donor material. We have found that the Voc depends on the ratio of the electron (μe) and hole (μh) mobilities and when μh > μe the Voc increases. The most important loss term in the Voc arises from the energetics of the donor and acceptor materials, which will be discussed in detail in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20carrier%20mobility" title="charge carrier mobility">charge carrier mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open-circuit%20voltage" title=" open-circuit voltage"> open-circuit voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20solar%20cells" title=" organic solar cells"> organic solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi-fermi%20levels" title=" quasi-fermi levels"> quasi-fermi levels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39499/charge-carrier-mobility-dependent-open-circuit-voltage-in-organic-and-hybrid-solar-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1156</span> Quantum Mechanism Approach for Non-Ruin Probability and Comparison of Path Integral Method and Stochastic Simulations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Kaya">Ahmet Kaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantum mechanism is one of the most important approaches to calculating non-ruin probability. We apply standard Dirac notation to model given Hamiltonians. By using the traditional method and eigenvector basis, non-ruin probability is found for several examples. Also, non-ruin probability is calculated for two different Hamiltonian by using the tensor product. Finally, the path integral method is applied to the examples and comparison is made for stochastic simulations and path integral calculation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20physics" title="quantum physics">quantum physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamiltonian%20system" title=" Hamiltonian system"> Hamiltonian system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=path%20integral" title=" path integral"> path integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensor%20product" title=" tensor product"> tensor product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ruin%20probability" title=" ruin probability"> ruin probability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56920/quantum-mechanism-approach-for-non-ruin-probability-and-comparison-of-path-integral-method-and-stochastic-simulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1155</span> Agegraphic Dark Energy with GUP</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20R.%20Fazlollahi">H. R. Fazlollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dark Energy origin is unknown and so describing this mysterious component in large scale structure needs to manipulate our theories in general relativity. Although in most models, dark energy arises from extra terms through modifying Einstein-Hilbert action, maybe its origin traces back to fundamental aspects of ground energy of space-time given in quantum mechanics. Hence, diluting space-time in general relativity with quantum mechanics properties leads to the Karolyhazy relation corresponding energy density of quantum fluctuations of space-time. Through generalized uncertainty principle and an eye to Karolyhazy approach in this study we extend energy density of quantum fluctuations of space-time. Also, the application of this idea is considered in late time evolution and we have shown how extra term in generalized uncertainty principle plays as a plausible interaction term role in suggested model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20uncertainty%20principle" title="generalized uncertainty principle">generalized uncertainty principle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=karolyhazy%20approach" title=" karolyhazy approach"> karolyhazy approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agegraphic%20dark%20energy" title=" agegraphic dark energy"> agegraphic dark energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmology" title=" cosmology"> cosmology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165000/agegraphic-dark-energy-with-gup" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20quantum%20circuit&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20quantum%20circuit&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20quantum%20circuit&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20quantum%20circuit&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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