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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ingia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tovuti"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Yaliyomo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Utangulizi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utangulizi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Utangulizi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utangulizi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maumbile_na_tabia_za_kimaumbile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maumbile_na_tabia_za_kimaumbile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Maumbile na tabia za kimaumbile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maumbile_na_tabia_za_kimaumbile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mbegu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mbegu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mbegu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mbegu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kiwango_cha_uzalishaji_na_mbinu." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kiwango_cha_uzalishaji_na_mbinu."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kiwango cha uzalishaji na mbinu.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kiwango_cha_uzalishaji_na_mbinu.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matumizi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matumizi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Matumizi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Matumizi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Matumizi subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Matumizi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kama_chakula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kama_chakula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Kama chakula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kama_chakula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utengenezaji_wa_fueli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utengenezaji_wa_fueli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Utengenezaji wa fueli</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utengenezaji_wa_fueli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Yaliyomo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mahindi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Makala hii inapatikana kwa lugha hii tu. Anzisha makala kwa lugha nyingine" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ongeza lugha</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25618328#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Ongeza viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Ongeza viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Maeneo ya wiki"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mahindi" title="Onyesha kurasa zilizopo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Makala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majadiliano:Mahindi&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Mazungumzo kuhusu makala (bado haujaandikwa) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Majadiliano</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Badilisha lahaja ya lugha" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kiswahili</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Mitazamo"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mahindi"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit" title="Hariri ukurasa huu na VisualEditor [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Hariri</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit" title="Hariri chanzo msimbo za ukurasa huu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Hariri chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=history" title="Mapitio ya awali ya ukurasa huu [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zana" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Zana</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Zana</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vitendo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mahindi"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit" title="Hariri ukurasa huu na VisualEditor [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Hariri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit" title="Hariri chanzo msimbo za ukurasa huu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Hariri chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=history"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kijumla </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:VingoViungavyoUkurasahuu/Mahindi" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote za Wiki zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Viungo viungavyo ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:RecentChangesLinked/Mahindi" rel="nofollow" title="Mabadiliko ya karibuni ya katika kurasa zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Mabadiliko husika</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sw" title="Pakia picha, video, au sauti [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Pakia faili</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&oldid=1267792" title="Kiungo cha daima cha kufikisha pitio hili la ukurasa"><span>Kiungo cha daima</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Maelezo ya ukurasa</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Taja&page=Mahindi&id=1267792&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Taarifa juu ya njia ya kutaja ukurasa huu"><span>Taja ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMahindi"><span>Pata URL iliyofupishwa</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMahindi"><span>Pakua msimbo wa QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chapa/peleka nje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kusanya&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Mahindi"><span>Tunga kitabu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mahindi&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pakua kama PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&printable=yes" title="Toleo linalochapika la ukurasa huu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Ukurasa wa kuchapika</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Miradi mingine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maize" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25618328" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata kifungu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mandhari</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ficha</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Zea_mays.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Zea_mays.jpg/250px-Zea_mays.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Zea_mays.jpg/330px-Zea_mays.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Zea_mays.jpg/500px-Zea_mays.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1794" data-file-height="2670" /></a><figcaption>Ma<a href="/w/index.php?title=Suke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suke (bado haujaandikwa)">suke</a> ya aina mbalimbali za mahindi.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Mahindi</b> ni <a href="/wiki/Mbegu" title="Mbegu">mbegu</a> za <a href="/wiki/Mmea" title="Mmea">mmea</a> wenye asili ya <a href="/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika">Amerika</a> ambao unaitwa <a href="/wiki/Mhindi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mhindi">mhindi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Chakula" title="Chakula">chakula</a> muhimu cha watu katika pande nyingi za <a href="/wiki/Dunia" title="Dunia">dunia</a>. </p><p>Ni <a href="/wiki/Nafaka" title="Nafaka">nafaka</a> yenye <a href="/wiki/Wanga" title="Wanga">wanga</a> na katika <a href="/wiki/Afrika_ya_Mashariki" title="Afrika ya Mashariki">Afrika ya Mashariki</a> huliwa hasa kama <a href="/wiki/Ugali" title="Ugali">ugali</a>. Ugali unatengenezwa kwa kutumia <a href="/wiki/Unga" title="Unga">unga</a> wa mahindi. </p><p>Mahindi mabichi yasiyokauka huliwa pia kwa kubanika suke lote juu ya <a href="/wiki/Moto" title="Moto">moto</a>. </p><p>Mahindi yaliyosagwa hutumiwa pia kwa kutengeneza <a href="/wiki/Pombe" title="Pombe">pombe</a> ya kienyeji. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utangulizi">Utangulizi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Hariri sehemu: Utangulizi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Utangulizi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mhindi (<a href="/wiki/Jina_la_kisayansi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jina la kisayansi">jina la kisayansi</a>: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zea_mays&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zea mays (bado haujaandikwa)">Zea mays</a></i>), ni unyasi ulioanza kulimwa na watu wa Amerika tangu nyakati za kale. Watu wa Amerika walilima mahindi ya aina mbalimbali. </p><p>Tamaduni za <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jimbo" title="Jimbo">jimbo</a> ambalo <a href="/wiki/Mji" title="Mji">mji</a> wake mkuu na nyumbani mwa utawala wa Cahikia ambako sasa ilipo <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> ya sasa, ulifikia kilele chake mwaka <a href="/wiki/1250" title="1250">1250</a>, na kuwa na watu wengi na kukua ki<a href="/wiki/Biashara" title="Biashara">biashara</a> kutokana na <a href="/wiki/Kilimo" title="Kilimo">kilimo</a> cha mahindi. </p><p>Mfano mwingine ni <a href="/wiki/Wanawake" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanawake">wanawake</a> wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pawee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pawee (bado haujaandikwa)">Pawee</a>, kwenye <a href="/wiki/Nyanda_za_juu" title="Nyanda za juu">Nyanda za juu</a>, walifahafamika kwa kulima aina kuu mbili za mahindi mwishoni mwa <a href="/wiki/Karne_ya_18" title="Karne ya 18">karne ya 18</a>. </p><p>Baada ya watu wa <a href="/wiki/Ulaya" title="Ulaya">Ulaya</a> kufika <a href="/wiki/Marekani" title="Marekani">Marekani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wafanyabiashara" class="mw-redirect" title="Wafanyabiashara">wafanyabiashara</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wachunguzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wachunguzi (bado haujaandikwa)">wachunguzi</a> walibeba mahindi mpaka Ulaya na kuyatambulisha kwenye nchi nyingine kupitia biashara. Matumizi yake yakaenea dunia nzima. </p><p>Mahindi ndiyo zao linalolimwa kwa wingi kuliko yote huko Amerika (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tani_za_metriki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tani za metriki (bado haujaandikwa)">tani za metriki</a> milioni 332 kila mwaka kwa Marekani pekee). Mahindi mahuluti yanapendwa na wakulima wengi kwa sababu ya mazao yake mengi baada ya kubadilisha <a href="/wiki/Kizazi" title="Kizazi">kizazi</a> chake. </p><p>Wakati baadhi ya mimea ya mahindi’ ikikua hata kufikia <a href="/wiki/Urefu" title="Urefu">urefu</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Mita" title="Mita">mita</a> 7, yale yanayokuzwa kibiashara mengi huwa na urefu wa mita 2.5. </p><p>Mahindi aina ya Sweet corn ni fupi kuliko aina nyingine za mahindi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maumbile_na_tabia_za_kimaumbile">Maumbile na tabia za kimaumbile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Hariri sehemu: Maumbile na tabia za kimaumbile" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Maumbile na tabia za kimaumbile"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>[<a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cornsilk_7091.jpg">[1]</a>] mmea mchanga wa mahindi. </p><p>Mashina ya mahindi hufanana kwa nje na miti ya mianzi, na pingili zake zinaweza kufikia hata sm 20 – 30 kwa urefu. Mahindi hukua haraka kwa utaratibu maalumu; majani ya chini yakiwa kama bendera pana, yenye urefu wa sm 50 – 100 na upana wa sm 5 – 10; mashina husimama wima, mara nyingi mita 2 – 3, na kuwa na majani mengi yaliyomwagika kila upande. Chini ya majani haya nakaribu ya shina hukua mashuke. Hukua na kuongezeka urefu kwa milimita 3 kwa siku. Mashuke haya ni sehemu ya kike ya mmea wa mahindi, ikiwa imefungwa vizuri na majani ya kutosha, na hivyo kufunikwa kwenye shina mpaka pale itakapojitokeza ndevu za njano mwishoni mwa mashuke hayo. Mashuke hayo kimsingi ni stigima ndefu ambazo huonekana kama mrundikanao wa nywele, awali wenye rangi ya kijani lakini baadae huwa na rangi ya njano. Jamii nyingine za mahindi zimezalishwa kuzalisha mashuke mengi zaidi. </p><p>[<a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GreenCorn.JPG">[2]</a>] mmea wa mahindi ukionesha mashuke, kikoyo na ndevu za mahindi. Ncha ya shina huishia kwa shada, iitwayo mbelewele, sehemu ya <a href="/wiki/Ua" title="Ua">Ua</a> ya kiume ya mmea wa mahindi. Kisha mbelewele kukomaana hali ikiwa kavu na yenye joto la kutosha, basi poleni kutoka sheme hiyo ya kiume ya ua huachiwa tayari kwa uchavushaji. Poleni za mahindi husafirishwa kwa upepo na huweza kusafiri mita kadhaa. Ndevu zile huweza kupokea poleni, kila shuke huzalisha muhindi. Na huweza kuliwa yakiwa mabiichi lakini kadiri muda unavyozidi kwenda nayo huzidi kuwa makavu. Na mpaka mwisho wa msimu wa mavuno huwa ni vigumu kabisa kutafuna na huhitaji kwanza kulainishwa kwa kuchemshwa. Namna bora za kilimo hupenda kuzalisha muhindi mmoja kwa kila mmea ili kupata wenye ukubwa mzuri na wenye kufaa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mbegu">Mbegu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Hariri sehemu: Mbegu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Mbegu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mbegu za mahindi huwa na sehemu ya nje iliyoungana na gamba la nje la mbegu, kama ilivyo kawaida kwa mimea mingi ya jamii ya nyasi. Muhindi huwa na mbegu nyingi, ambazo huwa haziungani hata maramoja , na kila moja ikiwa na ukubwa wa kama <a href="/wiki/Njegere" title="Njegere">Njegere</a> hivi, zikiwa zimejipanga kwenye mistari kuzunguka gunzi ambamo zimejishikiza. Gunzi moja huweza kuwa na punje za mahindi takribani 200 – 400, na huwa na urefu wa sentimita 10 -25. Pia huwa na rangi mbalimbali: <a href="/wiki/Nyeusi" title="Nyeusi">nyeusi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kijivu" title="Kijivu">kijivu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nyekundu" title="Nyekundu">nyekundu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudhurungi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hudhurungi (bado haujaandikwa)">Hudhurungi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nyeupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyeupe">nyeupe</a> na <a href="/wiki/Njano" class="mw-redirect" title="Njano">njano</a>. Zinaposagwa kuwa unga, unga wa mahindi hupatikana kwa kiasi kikubwa, huku ukiwa na makapi kidogo kuliko <a href="/wiki/Ngano" title="Ngano">Ngano</a>. Lakini unga wa mahindi huwa unakosa protini muhimu ya ngano, na hivyo, kufanya uokaji kushindwa kuwa na uwezo mkubwa wa kuumuka na kufanana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kiwango_cha_uzalishaji_na_mbinu.">Kiwango cha uzalishaji na mbinu.</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Hariri sehemu: Kiwango cha uzalishaji na mbinu." class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Kiwango cha uzalishaji na mbinu."><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>[<a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2005maize.PNG">[3]</a>]] kiwango cha uzalishaji wa mahindiduniani 2005 </p><p>[<a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Iowa_harvest_2009.jpg">[4]</a>] uvunaji wa mahindi wakati wa uvunaji wa rekodi huko Jones County, Iowa, mnamo 2009 </p><p>Mahindi yanalimwa duniani kote, na uzito wa mahindi huzalishwa kila mwaka zaidi ya mwaka uliopita. Wakati Marekani ikizalisha karibu nusu ya mahindi yote duniani, ( ~42.5%), nchi nyingine zinazoafanya vizuri ni <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-redirect" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>,<a href="/wiki/Mexiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexiko">Mexiko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uhindi" title="Uhindi">Uhindi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Ufaransa" title="Ufaransa">Ufaransa</a>. Uzalishaji wa dunia ni karibu tani milioni 800 mwaka 2007, juu kidogo tu ya mchele ( tani milioni 650) na ngano ( ~tani milioni 600). Mwaka 2007, zaidi ya hekta milioni 150 za mahinid zilipandwa dunia nzima, kwa zaidi ya kg 4970.9 kwa hekta. Mazao yanaweza kuwa zaidi ya hapa kwa baadhi ya maeneo mengine duniani; utabiri wa mwaka 2009 unaonesha Iowa ingezalisha kg 11614 kwa hekta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Matumizi">Matumizi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Hariri sehemu: Matumizi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Matumizi"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:CornShocksForestvilleMinnesota2006.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/CornShocksForestvilleMinnesota2006.JPG/220px-CornShocksForestvilleMinnesota2006.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/CornShocksForestvilleMinnesota2006.JPG/330px-CornShocksForestvilleMinnesota2006.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/CornShocksForestvilleMinnesota2006.JPG/440px-CornShocksForestvilleMinnesota2006.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>mahindi yakivunwa kwa namna ya asili</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kama_chakula">Kama chakula</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Hariri sehemu: Kama chakula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Kama chakula"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mahindi hutumika kama chakula kikuu kwa maeneo mengi duniani. Mlo wa mahindi huliwa kama uji mzito (mfano <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> na Nchi nyingi wa <a href="/wiki/Afrika_ya_Mashariki" title="Afrika ya Mashariki">Afrika ya Mashariki</a> huita “ugali”), katika tamaduni nyingi: kuanzia huko <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> kama poleta, Brazili kama angu, Romania kama mamaliga mpaka mush huko Marekani au sadza, nshima, ugali na mealie pap katika Afrika. Mlo wa mahindi pia hutumika badala ya unga wa ngano, kutengeneza baadhi ya aina ya mikate na vyakula vingine vya kuoka. bisi ni mahindi ya pekee ambayo hupasuka na kufanyiza chakula kitamu ambacho huliwa kama chakula cha kutafuna. Pia mahindi yakiwa bado laini kidogo yaweza kuchomwa na kuliwa tena kwa kutafuna, na huweza kuongezwa ladha kwa kutia chumvi, pilipili au viungo vingine. Hicho ni baadhi ya chakula maarufu huko <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. Chicha na “chicha morada” ni baadhi ya vinywaji maarufu vinavyotengenezwa kwa aina fulani ya mahindi. Hicho cha kwanza huchachushwa na huwa na kilevi, huku cha pili ni kinywaji baridi na hunywewa sana huko <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Sweet_White_Corn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sweet_White_Corn.jpg/250px-Sweet_White_Corn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sweet_White_Corn.jpg/330px-Sweet_White_Corn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sweet_White_Corn.jpg/500px-Sweet_White_Corn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>mahindi aina ya Sweet White Corn</figcaption></figure> <p>mahindi pia yana weza kutumiwa yakiwa hayajaiva, wakati yamekomaa lakini bado ni laini. Katika hali hii huweza kuchemshwa ili kuwa na ladha nzuri, na kula punje zake kutoka kwenye gunzi. Wakati mwingine mbegu hizo kisha kuchemshwa hupukuchuliwa na kuchanganywa na mboga majani nyingine kama vile saladi wakati wa kuandaa chakula. Pia huweza kupikwa na vykula vingine kutoa mchanganyiko wa makande, purée, tamales, pamonhas, curau, keki, n.k. mahindi aina ya Sweet Corn huwa na ladha nzuri sababu ya kiasikikubwa cha sukari na wanga mpaka kuweza kuliwa yakiwa katika hali ya ubichi. </p><p>[<a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:243820490_e7d1bfc0f0_o.jpg">[5]</a>] = mchuuzi wa mahindi ya kuchoma huko India. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiwango_cha_virutubisho_vya_mahindi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiwango cha virutubisho vya mahindi (bado haujaandikwa)">Kiwango cha virutubisho vya mahindi</a> Carbohydrates 19.02 g Sugars 3.22 g Dietary fiber 2.7 g Fat 1.18 g Protein 3.22 g Tryptophan 0.023 g Threonine 0.129 g Isoleucine 0.129 g Leucine 0.348 g Lysine 0.137 g Methionine 0.067 g Cystine 0.026 g Phenylalanine 0.150 g Tyrosine 0.123 g Valine 0.185 g Arginine 0.131 g Histidine 0.089 g Alanine 0.295 g Aspartic acid 0.244 g Glutamic acid 0.636 g Glycine 0.127 g Proline 0.292 g Serine 0.153 g Water 75.96 g Vitamin A equiv. 9 µg (1%) - lutein and zeaxanthin 644 µg Thiamine (Vit. B1) 0.200 mg (15%) Niacin (Vit. B3) 1.700 mg (11%) Folate (Vit. B9) 46 µg (12%) Vitamin C 6.8 mg (11%) Iron 0.52 mg (4%) Magnesium 37 mg (10% Potassium 270 mg (6%) </p><p>Huko Marekani na Kanada mahindi hutumiwa sana kwaajili ya chakula cha mifugo, au mbegu. Mlo wa mahindi pia ni viungo vya chakula maalumu cha mazao ya wanyama kama vile, hot dog. Mahindi pia hutumika huko ulaya kama chambo cha kuvulia samaki. Kemikali na madawa. </p><p>Wanga unaopatikana kwenye mahindi unaweza kutumika kutengeneza plastiki, madawa na bidhaa nyingine za kikemikali. </p><p>Stigima kutoka kwenye sehemu ya kike ya ua la mmea wa mahindi huuzwa kama dawa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utengenezaji_wa_fueli">Utengenezaji wa fueli</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Hariri sehemu: Utengenezaji wa fueli" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahindi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Utengenezaji wa fueli"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mahindi pia hutumika kutengenezea fueli kutoka kwenye mabaki yake ya mimea. Magunzi yake pia hutumika kama chanzo cha nishati. 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