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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Argentine writer, philosopher, lawyer (1874–1938)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Borges</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Haslam</i>.</div> <p><b>Jorge Guillermo Borges Haslam</b> (24 February 1874 – 14 February 1938) was an <a href="/wiki/Argentine" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine">Argentine</a> lawyer, teacher, writer, philosopher and translator. He was also an <a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">anarchist</a> and a follower of <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Herbert Spencer</a>'s philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Philosophical_anarchism" title="Philosophical anarchism">philosophical anarchism</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a>'s father. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jorge_Guillermo_Borges&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1898, he married <a href="/wiki/Leonor_Acevedo_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Leonor Acevedo Suárez">Leonor Acevedo Suárez</a> with whom he had two children: writer <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a> and painter <a href="/wiki/Norah_Borges" title="Norah Borges">Norah Borges</a>. Due to the failing eyesight that would eventually afflict his son, Borges eventually abandoned his law career and the family moved to <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland before World War I, where the young Jorge Luis was treated by an eye specialist. In 1921, the Borges family returned to Argentina.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jorge Guillermo Borges studied law but did not practice. He was a friend of <a href="/wiki/Macedonio_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Macedonio Fernández">Macedonio Fernández</a>, who became friends with Borges's son. He planned a commune for <a href="/wiki/Individualist_anarchists" class="mw-redirect" title="Individualist anarchists">individualist anarchists</a> in Paraguay. Borges wrote a novel, <i>El Caudillo</i>, published in 1921.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Borges had maternal ancestral roots in <a href="/wiki/Staffordshire" title="Staffordshire">Staffordshire</a>, England. A cultivated man, he read fluently in English, was an <a href="/wiki/Agnostic" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostic">agnostic</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Skeptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Skeptic">skeptic</a>, and had a deep interest in <a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">metaphysics</a>. At the homes where he settled with his wife and family both in <a href="/wiki/Palermo,_Buenos_Aires" title="Palermo, Buenos Aires">Palermo</a> and Geneva, he kept a large library offering his children a complex and profound universe. On those bookshelves, young Jorge Luis and Norah could find important works in <a href="/wiki/English_literature" title="English literature">English literature</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Louis_Stevenson" title="Robert Louis Stevenson">Robert Louis Stevenson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">H. G. Wells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Samuel Taylor Coleridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Rudyard Kipling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey">Thomas De Quincey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Herman Melville</a>. His son would later remark that "if I were asked to name the chief event in my life, I should say my father's library."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jorge_Guillermo_Borges&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v28/n09/colm-toibin/dont-abandon-me">"Don't abandon me"</a>. London Review of Books. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428034307/https://www.lrb.co.uk/v28/n09/colm-toibin/dont-abandon-me">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Don%E2%80%99t+abandon+me&rft.pub=London+Review+of+Books&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fv28%2Fn09%2Fcolm-toibin%2Fdont-abandon-me&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJorge+Guillermo+Borges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/libros/10-3468-2009-06-18.html">"La novela de Borges"</a>. Página 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180410201723/https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/libros/10-3468-2009-06-18.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-04-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+novela+de+Borges&rft.pub=P%C3%A1gina+12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagina12.com.ar%2Fdiario%2Fsuplementos%2Flibros%2F10-3468-2009-06-18.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJorge+Guillermo+Borges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Borges, Jorge Luis, "Autobiographical Notes", <i>The New Yorker</i>, 19 September 1970.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRojo2009" class="citation book cs1">Rojo, Grinor (2009). <i>Borgeana</i>. Santiago de Chile: LOM Ediciones. p. 85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-956-00-0107-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-956-00-0107-8"><bdi>978-956-00-0107-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Borgeana&rft.place=Santiago+de+Chile&rft.pages=85&rft.pub=LOM+Ediciones&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-956-00-0107-8&rft.aulast=Rojo&rft.aufirst=Grinor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJorge+Guillermo+Borges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStavans1986" class="citation book cs1">Stavans, Ilan (1986). <i>Emma Zunz: The Jewish Theodicy of Jorge Luis Borges</i>. Indiana, USA: Purdue University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emma+Zunz%3A+The+Jewish+Theodicy+of+Jorge+Luis+Borges&rft.place=Indiana%2C+USA&rft.pub=Purdue+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Stavans&rft.aufirst=Ilan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJorge+Guillermo+Borges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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