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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>In the Roman Catholic Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_the_Roman_Catholic_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Candidates_in_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Candidates_in_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Candidates in elections</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Candidates_in_elections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Candidates in elections subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Candidates_in_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spitzenkandidat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spitzenkandidat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AD_(%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5)" title="مرشح (شخص) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرشح (شخص)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%80" title="প্রার্থী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রার্থী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%81u-so%C3%A1n-j%C3%AEn" title="Hāu-soán-jîn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hāu-soán-jîn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Кандидат – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кандидат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandid%C3%A1t" title="Kandidát – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kandidát" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandidat_(valg)" title="Kandidat (valg) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kandidat (valg)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandidat" title="Kandidat – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kandidat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidato" title="Candidato – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Candidato" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandidato" title="Kandidato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kandidato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="نامزد انتخاباتی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نامزد انتخاباتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidat" title="Candidat – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Candidat" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwande" title="Mwande – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Mwande" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EB%B3%B4" title="후보 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="후보" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Aan_takara" title="Ɗan takara – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ɗan takara" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandidato" title="Kandidato – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kandidato" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BF" title="ಅಭ್ಯರ್ಥಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಭ್ಯರ್ಥಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jel%C3%B6lt" title="Jelölt – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jelölt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%87_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Нэр дэвшигч (сонгууль) – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нэр дэвшигч (сонгууль)" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E5%80%99%E8%A3%9C" title="立候補 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="立候補" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidat" title="Candidat – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Candidat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidate" title="Candidate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Candidate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandid%C3%A1t" title="Kandidát – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kandidát" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A8%DA%98%DB%8E%D8%B1_(%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B3%DB%8E%D8%AA%DB%8C)" title="بەربژێر (کەسێتی) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەربژێر (کەسێتی)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandidato" title="Kandidato – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kandidato" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%99%E9%81%B8%E4%BA%BA" title="候選人 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="候選人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E9%81%B8%E4%BA%BA" title="參選人 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="參選人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q618536#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Prospective recipient of an award or position</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Candidate_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Candidate (disambiguation)">Candidate (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Nominee" redirects here. For the financial term, see <a href="/wiki/Nominee_account" class="mw-redirect" title="Nominee account">Nominee account</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Candidate" title="Special:EditPage/Candidate">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Candidate%22">"Candidate"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Candidate%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Candidate%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Candidate%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Candidate%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Candidate%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>candidate</b>, or <b>nominee</b>, is a prospective recipient of an award or honor, or a person seeking or being considered for some kind of position. For example, one can be a candidate for membership in a <a href="/wiki/Group_(sociology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Group (sociology)">group</a> or <a href="/wiki/Election" title="Election">election</a> to an <a href="/wiki/Official" title="Official">office</a>, in which case a <a href="/wiki/Preselection" title="Preselection">candidate selection</a> occurs. </p><p>"<a href="/wiki/Nomination" title="Nomination">Nomination</a>" is part of the process of selecting a candidate for either election to an office by a political party,<sup id="cite_ref-Definition_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Definition-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the bestowing of an honor or award. This person is called a "nominee",<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though "nominee" is often used interchangeably with "candidate". A presumptive nominee is a person or organization whose nomination is considered inevitable or highly likely. The phenomenon of being a candidate in a race for either a party nomination or for electoral office is called "candidacy".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "presumptive candidate" may be used to describe someone who is predicted to be a formal candidate. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candidate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Candidate</i> is a derivative of the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/candidus#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:candidus">candidus</a></i> (‘shining white’).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_institutions_of_ancient_Rome" title="Political institutions of ancient Rome">men seeking political office</a> would usually wear the <i>toga candida</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Toga" title="Toga">toga</a> chalked and bleached to be bright white at <a href="/wiki/Public_speaking" title="Public speaking">speeches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debate" title="Debate">debates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Political convention">conventions</a>, and other public <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">functions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_Roman_Catholic_Church">In the Roman Catholic Church</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candidate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In the Roman Catholic Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Individuals who wish to be received into the <a href="/wiki/Church_membership" title="Church membership">membership</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> who have been <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptized</a> in another <a href="/wiki/Mainstream_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainstream Christian">mainstream Christian</a> denomination are known as <i>candidates</i>; their reception into the Catholic Church is done through a <a href="/wiki/Profession_of_faith_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Profession of faith (Christianity)">profession of faith</a>, followed by the reception of <a href="/wiki/Holy_Communion" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Communion">Holy Communion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">Confirmation</a>. In contrast, those persons who have never received the sacrament of baptism are, as a matter of Catholic <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">canon law</a>, considered non-Christians and if they are preparing to become a member of the Catholic Church (through the church process called the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christian_Initiation_of_Adults" title="Order of Christian Initiation of Adults">Christian Initiation of Adults</a>, they are known as <a href="/wiki/Catechumen" class="mw-redirect" title="Catechumen">catechumens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Candidates_in_elections">Candidates in elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candidate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Candidates in elections"><span>edit</span></a><span 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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-top:1px #fafafa solid; border-bottom:1px #fafafa solid; background:#efefef; background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_campaign" title="Political campaign">Political campaigning</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Campaign_Signs_DSC02551_(1905616979).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Campaign_Signs_DSC02551_%281905616979%29.jpg/240px-Campaign_Signs_DSC02551_%281905616979%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Campaign_Signs_DSC02551_%281905616979%29.jpg/360px-Campaign_Signs_DSC02551_%281905616979%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Campaign_Signs_DSC02551_%281905616979%29.jpg/480px-Campaign_Signs_DSC02551_%281905616979%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Campaign_finance" title="Campaign finance">Finance</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grassroots_fundraising" title="Grassroots fundraising">Grassroots fundraising</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Campaign_management_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Campaign management tools">Management</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_research" title="Opposition research">Opposition research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_consulting" title="Political consulting">Consultation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Political_campaign#Campaign_message" title="Political campaign">Message</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_advertising" title="Campaign advertising">Advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canvassing" title="Canvassing">Canvassing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retail_politics" title="Retail politics">Retail politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_promise" title="Election promise">Election promise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get_out_the_vote" title="Get out the vote">Get out the vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gevald_campaign" title="Gevald campaign">Gevald campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawn_sign" title="Lawn sign">Lawn signs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-truth_politics" title="Post-truth politics">Post-truth politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_text_messaging" class="mw-redirect" title="Political text messaging">Text messaging</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Negative_campaigning" title="Negative campaigning">Negative campaigning</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attack_ad" title="Attack ad">Attack ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fearmongering" title="Fearmongering">Fearmongering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_poll" title="Push poll">Push poll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smear_campaign" title="Smear campaign">Smear campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voter_suppression" title="Voter suppression">Voter suppression</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Key people</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Candidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_manager" title="Campaign manager">Campaign manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_campaign_staff" title="Political campaign staff">Campaign staff</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Political_campaigning" title="Template talk:Political campaigning"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Political_campaigning" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Political campaigning"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Turmel_at_Toronto-Danforth_2012_By-Election_Meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/John_Turmel_at_Toronto-Danforth_2012_By-Election_Meeting.jpg/220px-John_Turmel_at_Toronto-Danforth_2012_By-Election_Meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/John_Turmel_at_Toronto-Danforth_2012_By-Election_Meeting.jpg/330px-John_Turmel_at_Toronto-Danforth_2012_By-Election_Meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/John_Turmel_at_Toronto-Danforth_2012_By-Election_Meeting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="552" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Turmel" title="John Turmel">John Turmel</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a> holds the records for the most elections contested and for the most elections lost, having contested 112 elections and lost 111</figcaption></figure> <p>In the context of elections for <a href="/wiki/Public_office" class="mw-redirect" title="Public office">public office</a> in a representational partisan democracy, a candidate who has been selected by a <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a> is normally said to be the nominee of that party. The party's selection (that is, the nomination) is typically accomplished either based on one or more <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary elections</a> according to the rules of the party and any applicable election <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">laws</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Definition_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Definition-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Candidates are called "<a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">incumbents</a>" if they are already serving in the office for which they are seeking re-election, or "challengers", if they are seeking to replace an incumbent. </p><p>In the context of elections for public office in a <a href="/wiki/Direct_democracy" title="Direct democracy">direct democracy</a>, a candidate can be nominated by any eligible person—and if parliamentary procedures are used, the nomination has to be seconded, i.e., receive agreement from a second person. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spitzenkandidat"><i>Spitzenkandidat</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candidate&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Spitzenkandidat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Spitzenkandidat" title="Spitzenkandidat">Spitzenkandidat</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/German_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="German politics">German politics</a>, the person at the head of an <a href="/wiki/Electoral_list" title="Electoral list">electoral list</a> is called the <i>Spitzenkandidat</i> ("lead candidate"). By convention, this means that this person (normally the <a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">party leader</a>) will be elected to lead the government if their party wins the election. Various other countries with a parliamentary democracy have the same system. </p><p>In 2014, the major groups represented in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> agreed to apply this process to determine the next <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a>, as a way of the Council "taking account of the results of the European Parliament election" as required by the Union treaties. This led to the appointment and confirmation of <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Jean-Claude Juncker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candidate&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/candidate" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:candidate">candidate</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominate" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:nominate">nominate</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_candidacy" title="Age of candidacy">Age of candidacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-human_electoral_candidate" title="Non-human electoral candidate">Non-human electoral candidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_candidate" title="Paper candidate">Paper candidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parachute_candidate" title="Parachute candidate">Parachute candidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perennial_candidate" title="Perennial candidate">Perennial candidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_candidate" title="Star candidate">Star candidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in candidate</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Candidate&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Definition-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Definition_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Definition_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Judicial and Statutory Definitions of Words and Phrases,</i> Volume 1, Edition 2, West Publishing Company, 1914, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NGU8AAAAIAAJ&dq=nominee+candidate+definitions+of+words&pg=PA558">p. 588</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MXE8AAAAIAAJ&dq=nominee+candidate+definitions&pg=PA618">p. 618</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nominee">"Nominee"</a>. Merriam Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nominee&rft.pub=Merriam+Webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fnominee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACandidate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/candidacy?show=0&t=1342024814">"Candidacy"</a>. Merriam Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Candidacy&rft.pub=Merriam+Webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fcandidacy%3Fshow%3D0%26t%3D1342024814&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACandidate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/candidate">"Candidate"</a>. Merriam Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Candidate&rft.pub=Merriam+Webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fcandidate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACandidate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/candidate#etymonline_v_657">"Candidate (n.)"</a>. Online Etymology Dictionary<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Candidate+%28n.%29&rft.pub=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fcandidate%23etymonline_v_657&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACandidate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/who-we-teach/christian-initiation-of-adults">"Christian Initiation of Adults"</a>. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Christian+Initiation+of+Adults&rft.pub=United+States+Conference+of+Catholic+Bishops&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usccb.org%2Fbeliefs-and-teachings%2Fwho-we-teach%2Fchristian-initiation-of-adults&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACandidate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/spitzenkandidat-jean-claude-juncker-race-with-no-rules-eu-leaders-brace-for-clash-over-2019-elections/">"Commission's Spitzenkandidat process at risk"</a>. <i>POLITICO</i>. 1 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Commission%27s+Spitzenkandidat+process+at+risk&rft.date=2018-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fspitzenkandidat-jean-claude-juncker-race-with-no-rules-eu-leaders-brace-for-clash-over-2019-elections%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACandidate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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