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1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EУ току је такмичење у писању чланака на тему \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9A%D1%83_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8_2024\" title=\"Википедија:Такмичење у писању чланака/Традиција и обичаји 2024\"\u003EТрадиције и обичаја\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сајт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Садржај" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Садржај</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почетак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Opšta_obeležja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opšta_obeležja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Opšta obeležja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opšta_obeležja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Razlika_između_alkalija_i_baza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Razlika_između_alkalija_i_baza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Razlika između alkalija i baza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Razlika_između_alkalija_i_baza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baznoalkalne_reakcije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baznoalkalne_reakcije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Baznoalkalne reakcije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baznoalkalne_reakcije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alkalne_soli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alkalne_soli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Alkalne soli</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alkalne_soli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alkalno_zemljište" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alkalno_zemljište"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Alkalno zemljište</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alkalno_zemljište-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alkalna_jezera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alkalna_jezera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Alkalna jezera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alkalna_jezera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidi_još" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidi_još"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vidi još</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidi_još-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoljašnje_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Spoljašnje veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Садржај" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прикажи/сакриј садржај" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прикажи/сакриј садржај</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alkalije</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Чланак на другим језицима. Доступан на: 78" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-78" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">78 језика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_(%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8)" title="क्षार (रसायन विज्ञान) — ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="क्षार (रसायन विज्ञान)" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A" title="قلوي — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قلوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C9%99l%C9%99vi" title="Qələvi — азербејџански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qələvi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербејџански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — индонежански" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонежански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — малајски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Алкали — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алкали" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Һелтеләр — башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һелтеләр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8B" title="Шчолачы — белоруски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шчолачы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белоруски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B3_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Луг (хімія) — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Луг (хімія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80lcali" title="Àlcali — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àlcali" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcali" title="Alcali — велшки" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alcali" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="велшки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%82%C4%95" title="Сĕлтĕ — чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сĕлтĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalien" title="Alkalien — немачки" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alkalien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leelis" title="Leelis — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leelis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — енглески" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="енглески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Ямодт — ерзја" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ямодт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ерзја" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lcali" title="Álcali — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Álcali" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalo" title="Alkalo — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alkalo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — баскијски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="قلیا — персијски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قلیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcali" title="Alcali — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alcali" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcaile" title="Alcaile — ирски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Alcaile" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lcali" title="Álcali — галицијски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Álcali" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галицијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99" title="אלקלי — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלקלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_(%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8)" title="क्षार (रसायन विज्ञान) — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्षार (रसायन विज्ञान)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalije" title="Alkalije — хрватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Alkalije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ալկալիներ — јерменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալկալիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="јерменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalio" title="Alkalio — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Alkalio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcali" title="Alcali — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Alcali" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingqubathi" title="Ingqubathi — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ingqubathi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA" title="アルカリ — јапански" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アルカリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94" title="ტუტე — грузијски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტუტე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сілтілер — казашки" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сілтілер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A9%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Щёлочтор — киргиски" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Щёлочтор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಕ್ಷಾರ — канада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ಷಾರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="канада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC" title="알칼리 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알칼리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%81rmi" title="Sārmi — летонски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sārmi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="летонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0armas" title="Šarmas — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šarmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BAg" title="Lúg — мађарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lúg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мађарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C4%95ng_(hu%C3%A1-h%C5%8Fk)" title="Giĕng (huá-hŏk) — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Giĕng (huá-hŏk)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="क्षार — непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="क्षार" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcal%C3%AD" title="Alcalí — окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Alcalí" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishqorlar" title="Ishqorlar — узбечки" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ishqorlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C" title="الکلی — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="الکلی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalia" title="Alkalia — пољски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alkalia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="пољски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lcali" title="Álcali — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Álcali" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalai" title="Alkalai — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Alkalai" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcaliu" title="Alcaliu — румунски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alcaliu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A9%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Щёлочи — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Щёлочи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85" title="Солох — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Солох" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — шкотски" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шкотски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalije" title="Alkalije — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Alkalije" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — сундански" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நீர்க்காரம் — тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீர்க்காரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="క్షారం — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్షారం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A5" title="อัลคาไล — тајски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัลคาไล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BA%A5t_ki%E1%BB%81m" title="Chất kiềm — вијетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chất kiềm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вијетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B8_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Луги (хімія) — украјински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Луги (хімія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украјински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C" title="الکلی — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الکلی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndaengq" title="Ndaengq — џуаншки" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ndaengq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="џуаншки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali — варајски" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Alkali" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱 — ву кинески" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="碱" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%B1" title="碱 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="碱" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BC" title="鹼 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鹼" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BC%E6%80%A7" title="鹼性 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鹼性" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q485742#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Уреди међујезичке везе" class="wbc-editpage">Уреди везе</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именски простори"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alkalije" title="Прочитајте овај чланак [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Чланак</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80:Alkalije" rel="discussion" title="Разговарајте о страници [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Разговор</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Промени варијанту језика" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ћир./lat.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-sr mw-list-item"><a href="/sr/Alkalije" lang="sr" hreflang="sr"><span>Ћир./lat.</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-sr-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/sr-ec/Alkalije" lang="sr-Cyrl" hreflang="sr-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-sr-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/sr-el/Alkalije" lang="sr-Latn" hreflang="sr-Latn"><span>Latinica</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Погледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alkalije"><span>Читај</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit" title="Уредите ову страницу [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Уреди</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit" title="Уредите изворни код ове странице [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Уреди извор</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=history" title="Историја [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Историја</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Алатке странице"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Алатке" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Алатке</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Алатке</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Више опција" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Радње </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alkalije"><span>Читај</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit" title="Уредите ову страницу [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Уреди</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit" title="Уредите изворни код ове странице [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Уреди извор</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=history"><span>Историја</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Опште </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">С Википедије, слободне енциклопедије</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sr" dir="ltr"><p><b>Alkalija</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арапски језик">ar.</a>: <i>al-qaly</i> القلي, القالي = soni pepeo, pepeo soli) u <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија">hemiji</a> su <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="База (хемија)">bazne</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Јон">jonske</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE" title="Со">soli</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Алкални метали">alkalno metalnih</a> ili <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Земноалкални метал">zemnoalkalno metalnih</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Хемијски елемент">hemijskih elemenata</a>. Alkalije se takođe mogu definisati kao <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="База (хемија)">baze</a> koje se rastvaraju u vodi. Rastvor baza ima <a href="/wiki/PH_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="PH вредност">pH</a> vrednost veću od 7,0. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Придев">Pridev</a> <b>alkalni</b> je uobičajen, a manje se koristi <b>bazni</b> u većini evropskih jezika, kao <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Синоним">sinonim</a> za bazne, posebno za bazne supstance koje su rastvorne u vodi. Ova široka upotreba izraza verovatno potiče od činjenice da su prve poznate baze imale svojstva saglasna <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Сванте Август Аренијус">Arhenijusovoj</a> definiciji baza, odnosno teoriji <a href="/wiki/%D0%9Aiselo-bazna_reakcija" title="Кiselo-bazna reakcija">kiselo-baznih reakcija</a>, a one su i dalje među najčešćim bazama.<sup id="cite_ref-<“Atkins“_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<“Atkins“-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-<“Whitten“_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<“Whitten“-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-<“Petrucci“_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<“Petrucci“-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-<“Laider“_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<“Laider“-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opšta_obeležja"><span id="Op.C5.A1ta_obele.C5.BEja"></span>Opšta obeležja</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уредите одељак „Opšta obeležja”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди извор одељка: Opšta obeležja"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alkalije su sve Arenijusove baze, koje imaju hidroksidne jone (OH<sup>–</sup>) kada su rastvorene u vodi. Zajednička svojstva baznih vodenih <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Раствор">rastvora</a> uključuju: </p> <ul><li>Umerena koncentriracija (više od 10<sup>–3</sup>M) sa pH 7,1 ili većim. To znači da da uzrokuju prelaz <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Фенолфталеин">fenolftaleina</a> od bezbojnosti do ružičaste boje.</li> <li>Koncentrovani rastvori su <a href="/wiki/Korozija" title="Korozija">kaustični</a> (uzrokuju hemijske opekotine).</li> <li>Alkalni rastvori su klizavi ili sapuničasti na dodir, zbog <a href="/wiki/Saponifikacija" title="Saponifikacija">saponifikacije</a> masnih materija na površini kože.</li> <li>Baze su obično <a href="/w/index.php?title=Topljivost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Topljivost (страница не постоји)">rastvorne u vodi</a>, iako su neke, poput <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Баријум-карбонат">barijum karbonata</a> samo rastvorljive kada reagiraju sa kiselim vodenim rastvorima.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Razlika_između_alkalija_i_baza"><span id="Razlika_izme.C4.91u_alkalija_i_baza"></span>Razlika između alkalija i baza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уредите одељак „Razlika između alkalija i baza”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди извор одељка: Razlika između alkalija i baza"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Termini „alkalije” i „baze” se često koriste kao sinonimi, a posebno izvan konteksta <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија">hemije</a> i <a href="/wiki/Hemijsko_in%C5%BEenjerstvo" title="Hemijsko inženjerstvo">hemijskog inženjerstva</a>. Postoje razne konkretnije definicije za koncept alkalija. Alkalije se obično definišu kao podskup baza. Obično je izabran jedan od dva podskupa. </p> <ul><li>Osnovne soli nekih alkalnih metala ili zemnoalkalnih metala. Ovo obuhvata Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>, ali isključuje NH<sub>3</sub>.</li> <li>Bilo koja baza koja je rastvorljiva u vodi i formira hidroksidne jone.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ili rastvor baze u vodi.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Drugi podskup baza su takozvane „Arenijusove baze”. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baznoalkalne_reakcije">Baznoalkalne reakcije</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уредите одељак „Baznoalkalne reakcije”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди извор одељка: Baznoalkalne reakcije"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Opšte </td> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {MOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ M^{+}+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {MOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ M^{+}+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b1ff8e8f3e4cc3da88199c83c138e797eb139091" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:22.002ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {MOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ M^{+}+OH^{-}} }"></span> </td> <td rowspan="5"> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {B+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ BH^{+}+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {B+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ BH^{+}+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9fee14fbcd80db84ca8757e6a0ff7f8546eb98a5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:26.669ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {B+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ BH^{+}+OH^{-}} }"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">Primer </td> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {NaOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ Na^{+}+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {NaOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ Na^{+}+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5c630eb4d17de42145e52a0d06d05bccf4566c3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:23.551ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {NaOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ Na^{+}+OH^{-}} }"></span> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {NH_{3}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ NH_{4}^{+}+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {NH_{3}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ NH_{4}^{+}+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5f53e55ad3444b094999b5b062a5c3c10cffcbce" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:29.661ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {NH_{3}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ NH_{4}^{+}+OH^{-}} }"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Ca(OH)_{2}\ \rightleftharpoons \ Ca^{2+}+2\ OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Ca(OH)_{2}\ \rightleftharpoons \ Ca^{2+}+2\ OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e4c1e6bec90998d364b9864753165d1dbb6a3fd1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:28.85ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Ca(OH)_{2}\ \rightleftharpoons \ Ca^{2+}+2\ OH^{-}} }"></span> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {PO_{4}^{3-}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ HPO_{4}^{2-}+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {PO_{4}^{3-}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ HPO_{4}^{2-}+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/60f633bc850e0dc0d2a49596ba58e12d4de428ad" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:33.314ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {PO_{4}^{3-}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ HPO_{4}^{2-}+OH^{-}} }"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{3}C{-}NH_{2}\ +\ H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{3}C{-}NH_{3}^{+}\ +\ OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{3}C{-}NH_{2}\ +\ H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{3}C{-}NH_{3}^{+}\ +\ OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/95ed4128c29d10fea9763f81b939395907ae1cae" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:44.551ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{3}C{-}NH_{2}\ +\ H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{3}C{-}NH_{3}^{+}\ +\ OH^{-}} }"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Acetat-Ion.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Acetat-Ion.svg/90px-Acetat-Ion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Acetat-Ion.svg/135px-Acetat-Ion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Acetat-Ion.svg/180px-Acetat-Ion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="82" /></a></span> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {+\ H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ OH^{-}\ +} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {+\ H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ OH^{-}\ +} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b4718a41b27d850ed9b9dfec48e0489b522b313c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:19.22ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {+\ H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ OH^{-}\ +} }"></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelett.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelett.svg/100px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelett.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelett.svg/150px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelett.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelett.svg/200px-Essigs%C3%A4ure_Skelett.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="92" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Kod <i>slabih i umereno jakih</i> baza koje su prisutne u rastvorima, u reakcijama ravnoteže učestvuju sve komponente koje su uključene u reakciji. Dva <a href="/wiki/Reagens" title="Reagens">reagensa</a> se razlikuju samo po prisustvu ili odsustvu protona (H<sup>+</sup>). Odgovarajući kiselinsko-bazni par čini čestice koje imaju odgovarajući proton, koji se naziva <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Протон">protonski</a> donor. Čestica koje imaju sposobnost da apsorbuju proton, nazivaju se akceptori protona. Čitava reakcija se naziva <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protoliza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protoliza (страница не постоји)">protoliza</a>. Jačina baze je opisana položajem ravnoteže (<a href="/wiki/Konstanta_disocijacije_kiseline" title="Konstanta disocijacije kiseline">bazna konstanta</a>). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {\ {\color {Blue}B}+{\color {OliveGreen}H_{2}O}\ \rightleftharpoons \ {\color {Blue}BH^{+}}+{\color {OliveGreen}OH^{-}}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="#2D2F92"> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="#3C8031"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="#2D2F92"> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="#3C8031"> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {\ {\color {Blue}B}+{\color {OliveGreen}H_{2}O}\ \rightleftharpoons \ {\color {Blue}BH^{+}}+{\color {OliveGreen}OH^{-}}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ad98e76df17f2ec561cbe849d64d015a83bc3910" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:27.249ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {\ {\color {Blue}B}+{\color {OliveGreen}H_{2}O}\ \rightleftharpoons \ {\color {Blue}BH^{+}}+{\color {OliveGreen}OH^{-}}} }"></span><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {{\color {blue}H^{+}Akceptor}+{\color {OliveGreen}H^{+}Donor}\ \rightleftharpoons \ {\color {blue}H^{+}Donor}+{\color {OliveGreen}H^{+}Akceptor}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="blue"> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="#3C8031"> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="blue"> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="#3C8031"> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {{\color {blue}H^{+}Akceptor}+{\color {OliveGreen}H^{+}Donor}\ \rightleftharpoons \ {\color {blue}H^{+}Donor}+{\color {OliveGreen}H^{+}Akceptor}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a1c0c70b7bcfd97bfe7f6cf7884cf49fa202fe76" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:54.694ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {{\color {blue}H^{+}Akceptor}+{\color {OliveGreen}H^{+}Donor}\ \rightleftharpoons \ {\color {blue}H^{+}Donor}+{\color {OliveGreen}H^{+}Akceptor}} }"></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>U <i>jakim i vrlo jakim</i> bazama, ravnotežna reakcije su potpuno na strani OH<sup>-</sup> jona. To je na primer slučaj u reakciji alkalnih metala s vodom: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {NaOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ Na^{+}+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {NaOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ Na^{+}+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5c630eb4d17de42145e52a0d06d05bccf4566c3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:23.551ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {NaOH\ \rightleftharpoons \ Na^{+}+OH^{-}} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Katjon Na<sup>+</sup> pritom nema nikakvu ulogu. Hidroksidni jon je ovde stvarna baza, a vodeni proton donor: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {OH^{-}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{2}O+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {OH^{-}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{2}O+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b08b6dad4c6aca00ede5c4806c1b0f0376338342" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:29.791ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {OH^{-}+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{2}O+OH^{-}} }"></span><br /> <p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H^{+}Akceptor+H^{+}Donor\ \rightleftharpoons \ H^{+}Donor+H^{+}Akceptor} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {H^{+}Akceptor+H^{+}Donor\ \rightleftharpoons \ H^{+}Donor+H^{+}Akceptor} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/92cb6be0d3a06a7d027e130fb6f0a411ffe16392" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:54.694ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H^{+}Akceptor+H^{+}Donor\ \rightleftharpoons \ H^{+}Donor+H^{+}Akceptor} }"></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Alkaliteti alkalnog rastvora se više ne razlikuju u vodenoj sredini. Zbog ove ravnoteže može nastatati jaka, do vrlo jake baze (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Натријум">natrijuma</a>). Ovde se govori o <i>efektu izjednačavanja</i> (istog proizvođača) vode. Za razliku od toga, jačina vrlo jake baze, određena je ravnotežnom konstantom u nevodenim rastvorima i prenosi je na vodeni rastvarač. </p><p>Voda ima važnu ulogu u kiselo-baznim reakcijama. Pored <a href="/wiki/Proteoliza" title="Proteoliza">proteolize</a>, voda je sposobna da vrši <a href="/wiki/Proteoliza" title="Proteoliza">autoprotolizu</a>. To može osloboditi proton i OH<sup>-</sup> oblik, ili dodati proton i H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup> oblik. Ovde deluje kao baza, a u drugoj reakciji kao kiselina. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{2}O+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{3}O^{+}+OH^{-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{2}O+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{3}O^{+}+OH^{-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8ab764c462a505b67928a0984b31ea5b2a5084dd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:30.845ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{2}O+H_{2}O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_{3}O^{+}+OH^{-}} }"></span><br /> <p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H^{+}Akceptor+H^{+}Donor\ \rightleftharpoons \ H^{+}Donor+H^{+}Akceptor} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {H^{+}Akceptor+H^{+}Donor\ \rightleftharpoons \ H^{+}Donor+H^{+}Akceptor} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/92cb6be0d3a06a7d027e130fb6f0a411ffe16392" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:54.694ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {H^{+}Akceptor+H^{+}Donor\ \rightleftharpoons \ H^{+}Donor+H^{+}Akceptor} }"></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alkalne_soli">Alkalne soli</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уредите одељак „Alkalne soli”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди извор одељка: Alkalne soli"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soli alkalija su rastvorljivi hidroksidi <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Алкални метал">alkalnih metala</a> i <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Земноалкални метали">zemnoalkalnih metala</a>, među kojima su opšti primeri: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Натријум хидроксид">Natrijum hidroksid</a> – često zvani „kaustična soda”;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Калијум хидроксид">Kalijum hidroksid</a> – obično zvani „kaustična potaša”;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ce%C4%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceđ (страница не постоји)">Ceđ</a> – generički naziv za bilo koji od prethodna dva, ili čak i za mešavinu;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalcijum_hidroksid" title="Kalcijum hidroksid">Kalcijum hidroksid</a> – zasićeni rastvor poznat kao <a href="/wiki/Kre%C4%8Dna_voda" title="Krečna voda">krečna voda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Магнезијум хидроксид">Magnezijum hidroksid</a> – atipska alkalija zbog niske rastvoriljivosti u vodi (iako se smatra otpuštenim delom jake baze zbog potpune disocijacije njenih jona)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alkalno_zemljište"><span id="Alkalno_zemlji.C5.A1te"></span>Alkalno zemljište</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уредите одељак „Alkalno zemljište”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди извор одељка: Alkalno zemljište"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tla čija je pH vrednost veća od 7,3, obično se definiraju kao alkalna. Mogu se javiti prirodno ili pod uticajem alkalnih soli. Iako nekim biljkama pogoduje malo bazno zemljište (uključujući i povrće kao što su <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81" title="Купус">kupus</a> i stočna hrana poput nekih <a href="/wiki/Poaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Poaceae">trava</a>), većina biljaka bolje uspeva u blago kiselom tlu (sa pH između 6,0 i 6,8), dok <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalno_tlo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkalno tlo (страница не постоји)">alkalno tlo</a> kod njih može da uzrokuje probleme. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alkalna_jezera">Alkalna jezera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уредите одељак „Alkalna jezera”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди извор одељка: Alkalna jezera"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalno_jezero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkalno jezero (страница не постоји)">Alkalna jezera</a>, koja se takođe zovu <i>sodna jezera</i>, isparavanjem prirodno koncentrišu karbonatne soli, što dovodi do alkalnih i često slanih jezera. Primeri alkalnih jezera su: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalno_jezero_(Oregon)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkalno jezero (Oregon) (страница не постоји)">Alkalno jezero</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BA_(%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Округ Лејк (Орегон)">Okrug Lejk (Oregon)</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-US_Fish_&_Wildlife_Service_website_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Fish_&_Wildlife_Service_website-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-McArthur,_p._10_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McArthur,_p._10-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jezero <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baldwin_Lake_(San_Bernardino_County,_California)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baldwin Lake (San Bernardino County, California) (страница не постоји)">Boldvin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_(%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE)" title="Сан Бернардино (Асколи Пичено)">San Bernardino</a> okrug, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Калифорнија">Kalifornija</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-bigbear_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bigbear-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jezero <a href="/wiki/Bear_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Bear Lake">Ber</a> na granici Jute i Ajdaha<sup id="cite_ref-Endemism_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Endemism-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jezero_Mono" title="Jezero Mono">Jezero Mono</a>, blizu doline <a href="/w/index.php?title=Owens_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Owens Valley (страница не постоји)">Ovens</a> u <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Калифорнија">Kaliforniji</a></li> <li>Jezero <a href="/w/index.php?title=Redberry_Lake_(Saskatchewan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Redberry Lake (Saskatchewan) (страница не постоји)">Redberi</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Саскачеван">Saskačevan</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jezero <a href="/w/index.php?title=Summer_Lake,_Oregon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Summer Lake, Oregon (страница не постоји)">Samer</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BA_(%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Округ Лејк (Орегон)">Okrug Lejk (Oregon)</a>;</li> <li>Jezero <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tramping_Lake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tramping Lake (страница не постоји)">Tramping</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Саскачеван">Saskačevan</a>;</li> <li>Jezero <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Magadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Magadi (страница не постоји)">Magadi</a> u <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кенија">Keniji</a>:</li> <li>Jezero <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Туркана">Turkana</a> u <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Кенија">Keniji</a> (najveće jezero na svetu);<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Serem2012_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Serem2012-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Postoje takođe alkalna jezera i u [[Australija]|Australiji]];</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%92%D0%B5_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Медвеђе језеро">Medveđe jezero</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%98%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE" title="Ајдахо">Ajdaho</a>–<a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Јута">Juta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> na granici između držasva <a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Јута">Juta</a> i <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%98%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE" title="Ајдахо">Ajdaho</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="САД">Sjedinjene Države</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidi_još"><span id="Vidi_jo.C5.A1"></span>Vidi još</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уредите одељак „Vidi još”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди извор одељка: Vidi još"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="База (хемија)">Baza (hemija)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Алкални метали">Alkalni metali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Земноалкални метали">Zemnoalkalni metali</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Уредите одељак „Reference”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=8" title="Уреди извор одељка: Reference"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440201">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-<“Atkins“-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-<“Atkins“_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Atkins P.; Paula J. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/atkinsphysicalch00pwat"><i>Physical chemistry, 8th Ed.</i></a> San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-7167-8759-4" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-7167-8759-4">978-0-7167-8759-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.au=Atkins+P.&rft.au=Paula+J.&rft.btitle=Physical+chemistry%2C+8th+Ed.&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7167-8759-4&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=W.+H.+Freeman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fatkinsphysicalch00pwat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<“Whitten“-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-<“Whitten“_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Whitten K.W.; Gailey K. D.; Davis R. E. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/generalchemistry0000whit_e3n4"><i>General chemistry, 4th Ed.</i></a> Philadelphia: Saunders College Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-03-072373-5" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-03-072373-5">978-0-03-072373-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.au=Davis+R.+E.&rft.au=Gailey+K.+D.&rft.au=Whitten+K.W.&rft.btitle=General+chemistry%2C+4th+Ed.&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-03-072373-5&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Saunders+College+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeneralchemistry0000whit_e3n4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<“Petrucci“-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-<“Petrucci“_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">H., Petrucci R.; Harwood W. S.; Herring F. G. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/generalchemistry0008petr"><i>General Chemistry, 8th Ed.</i></a> New York: Prentice-Hall. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-13-014329-7" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-13-014329-7">978-0-13-014329-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.au=Harwood+W.+S.&rft.au=Herring+F.+G.&rft.aufirst=Petrucci+R.&rft.aulast=H.&rft.btitle=General+Chemistry%2C+8th+Ed.&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-13-014329-7&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Prentice-Hall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeneralchemistry0008petr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<“Laider“-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-<“Laider“_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">J., Laidler K. chemistry with biological applications. Benjamin/Cummings (1978). <i>Physical</i>. Menlo Park. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-8053-5680-9" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-8053-5680-9">978-0-8053-5680-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.aufirst=Laidler+K.+chemistry+with+biological+applications.+Benjamin%2FCummings&rft.aulast=J.&rft.btitle=Physical&rft.date=1978&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8053-5680-9&rft.place=Menlo+Park&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060523041052/http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0029936.html">„alkali”</a>. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0029936.html">оригинала</a> 23. 05. 2006. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">20. 04. 2019</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.btitle=alkali&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiscali.co.uk%2Freference%2Fencyclopaedia%2Fhutchinson%2Fm0029936.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/alkali">alkali – definition of alkali by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia</a>. Thefreedictionary.com. Приступљено 2012-04-18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chung, L.H.M.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061124183909/http://www.wahyan.edu.hk/paulsir/handout/form4/4-05_Characteriscs_of_alkali.pdf">"Characteristics of Alkali"</a> in <cite class="citation book"><i>Integrated Chemistry Today</i>. 1997. стр. 363—365. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9789623722520" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9789623722520">9789623722520</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.btitle=Integrated+Chemistry+Today&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9789623722520&rft.pages=363-365&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.krysstal.com/acidbase.html">Acids, Bases and Salts</a>. KryssTal. Приступљено 2012-04-18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-US_Fish_&_Wildlife_Service_website-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-US_Fish_&_Wildlife_Service_website_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">US Fish & Wildlife Service website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McArthur,_p._10-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McArthur,_p._10_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcArthur">McArthur</a>, стр. 10<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb грешка: no target: CITEREFMcArthur (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Категорија:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bigbear-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bigbear_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.big-bear-cabins.com/vacation-activities/big-bear-baldwin.aspx">Big Bear Frontier: "About Baldwin Lake"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160425131710/http://www.big-bear-cabins.com/vacation-activities/big-bear-baldwin.aspx">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (25. април 2016) . accessed 4.1.2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Endemism-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Endemism_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://esp.cr.usgs.gov/info/lacs/endemism.htm">Bear Lake Geological Background: Endemism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060522043941/http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/info/lacs/endemism.htm">Архивирано</a> мај 22, 2006 на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>U.S. Geological Survey</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120531201551/http://rock.geosociety.org/Bookstore/default.asp?oID=0&catID=9&pID=SPE450">„See Rosenbaum and Kaufman, 2009”</a>. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rock.geosociety.org/Bookstore/default.asp?oID=0&catID=9&pID=SPE450">оригинала</a> 2012-05-31. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2009-04-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.btitle=See+Rosenbaum+and+Kaufman%2C+2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frock.geosociety.org%2FBookstore%2Fdefault.asp%3FoID%3D0%26catID%3D9%26pID%3DSPE450&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.pnr-rpn.ec.gc.ca/nature/whp/sanctuaries/dc01s12.en.html">http://www.pnr-rpn.ec.gc.ca/nature/whp/sanctuaries/dc01s12.en.html</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061009174448/http://www.pnr-rpn.ec.gc.ca/nature/whp/sanctuaries/dc01s12.en.html">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (9. октобар 2006),</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kenyasafari.com/lake-turkana-kenya.html">„Lake Turkana in Kenya - The Jade Sea”</a>. <i>www.kenyasafari.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2020-05-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=Lake+Turkana+in+Kenya+-+The+Jade+Sea&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kenyasafari.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kenyasafari.com%2Flake-turkana-kenya.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Serem2012-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Serem2012_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Serem, B. (29. 11. 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191108110615/https://www.unicef.org/wash/kenya_66520.html">„For villages in Turkana, Kenya, a new initiative that brings clean water to the community is life-changing”</a>. UNICEF. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicef.org/wash/kenya_66520.html">оригинала</a> 08. 11. 2019. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">8. 11. 2019</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=For+villages+in+Turkana%2C+Kenya%2C+a+new+initiative+that+brings+clean+water+to+the+community+is+life-changing&rft.au=Serem%2C+B.&rft.date=2012-11-29&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Fwash%2Fkenya_66520.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davis, Jim and Milligan, Mark (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files.geology.utah.gov/online/pi/pi-96.pdf">Why is Bear Lake so blue?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161223151703/http://files.geology.utah.gov/online/pi/pi-96.pdf">Архивирано</a> на сајту <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (23. децембар 2016) Public Information Series 96. Utah Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Уредите одељак „Literatura”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=9" title="Уреди извор одељка: Literatura"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440192">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFJ.1978" class="citation book">J., Laidler K. chemistry with biological applications. Benjamin/Cummings (1978). <i>Physical</i>. Menlo Park. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-8053-5680-9" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-8053-5680-9">978-0-8053-5680-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.aufirst=Laidler+K.+chemistry+with+biological+applications.+Benjamin%2FCummings&rft.aulast=J.&rft.btitle=Physical&rft.date=1978&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8053-5680-9&rft.place=Menlo+Park&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFH.Harwood_W._S.Herring_F._G.2002" class="citation book">H., Petrucci R.; Harwood W. S.; Herring F. G. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/generalchemistry0008petr"><i>General Chemistry, 8th Ed.</i></a> New York: Prentice-Hall. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-13-014329-7" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-13-014329-7">978-0-13-014329-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.au=Harwood+W.+S.&rft.au=Herring+F.+G.&rft.aufirst=Petrucci+R.&rft.aulast=H.&rft.btitle=General+Chemistry%2C+8th+Ed.&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-13-014329-7&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Prentice-Hall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeneralchemistry0008petr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWhitten_K.W.Gailey_K._D.Davis_R._E.1992" class="citation book">Whitten K.W.; Gailey K. 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(1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/generalchemistry0000whit_e3n4"><i>General chemistry, 4th Ed.</i></a> Philadelphia: Saunders College Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-03-072373-5" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-03-072373-5">978-0-03-072373-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.au=Davis+R.+E.&rft.au=Gailey+K.+D.&rft.au=Whitten+K.W.&rft.btitle=General+chemistry%2C+4th+Ed.&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-03-072373-5&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Saunders+College+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeneralchemistry0000whit_e3n4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAtkins_P.Paula_J.2006" class="citation book">Atkins P.; Paula J. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/atkinsphysicalch00pwat"><i>Physical chemistry, 8th Ed.</i></a> San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-7167-8759-4" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-7167-8759-4">978-0-7167-8759-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.au=Atkins+P.&rft.au=Paula+J.&rft.btitle=Physical+chemistry%2C+8th+Ed.&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7167-8759-4&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=W.+H.+Freeman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fatkinsphysicalch00pwat&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWhitten_et_al.2009" class="citation book">Whitten, Kenneth W.; Peck, Larry; Davis, Raymond E.; Lockwood, Lisa; Stanley, George G. 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Mary Finch.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.au=DeCoste%2C+Donald&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.aulast=Zumdahl&rft.btitle=Chemical+Principles&rft.date=2013&rft.edition=7th&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Mary+Finch&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Ebbing, D.D., & Gammon, S. D. <i>General chemistry</i> . Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. <span class="citation book"> (8th изд.). 2005. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-618-51177-8" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-618-51177-8">978-0-618-51177-8</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=&rft.date=2005&rft.edition=8th&rft.isbn=978-0-618-51177-8&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alkalije"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Pavia, D.L., Lampman, G.M., & Kriz, G.S. <i>Organic chemistry volume 1: Organic chemistry 351.</i> Mason, OH: Cenage Learning. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-7593-4727-4" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-7593-4727-4">978-0-7593-4727-4</a>.</li> <li>Hogan, C.Michael. 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120612123626/http://www.eoearth.org/article/Calcium?topic=49557"><i>Calcium</i>. eds. A.Jorgensen, C. Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth</a>. National Council for Science and the Environment.</li> <li>Maguire, Michael E. "Alkaline Earth Metals." <i>Chemistry: Foundations and Applications</i>. Ed. <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._J._Lagowski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. J. Lagowski (страница не постоји)">J. J. Lagowski</a>. Vol. 1. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. 33–34. 4 vols. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Thomson Gale.</li> <li>Silberberg, M.S., Chemistry: The molecular nature of Matter and Change (3e édition, McGraw-Hill 2009)</li> <li>Petrucci R.H., Harwood W.S. et Herring F.G., General Chemistry (8e édition, Prentice-Hall 2002)</li> <li>McArthur, Lewis A. Oregon Geographic Names, Fourth ed. 1974. Edwards Brothers. Ann Arbor, MI</li> <li><cite class="citation book">Peterson, F. Ross (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170113125507/http://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/b/BEAR_LAKE.html">„Bear Lake”</a>. Ур.: Powell, Allan Kent. <i>Utah History Encyclopedia</i>. Salt Lake City, Utah: <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Utah_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Utah Press (страница не постоји)">University of Utah Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/0874804256" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/0874804256">0874804256</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/30473917">30473917</a>. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/b/BEAR_LAKE.html">оригинала</a> 13. 01. 2017. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">19. 01. 2022</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=Bear+Lake&rft.aufirst=F.+Ross&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.btitle=Utah+History+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=0874804256&rft.place=Salt+Lake+City%2C+Utah&rft.pub=University+of+Utah+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uen.org%2Futah_history_encyclopedia%2Fb%2FBEAR_LAKE.html&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F30473917&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Johnson, T.C.; J.O. Malala (2009). „Lake Turkana and its connection to the Nile”. Ур.: H.J. Dumont. <i>The Nile</i>. Monographiae Biologicae. <b>89</b>. Springer Science + Business Media B.V. стр. 287—306. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-1-4020-9725-6" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-1-4020-9725-6">978-1-4020-9725-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=Lake+Turkana+and+its+connection+to+the+Nile&rft.au=J.O.+Malala&rft.au=Johnson%2C+T.C.&rft.btitle=The+Nile&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-9725-6&rft.pages=287-306&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%2B+Business+Media+B.V&rft.series=Monographiae+Biologicae&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Bloszies, C.; Forman, S. L.; Wright, D. K. (1. 9. 2015). „Water level history for Lake Turkana, Kenya in the past 15,000 years and a variable transition from the African Humid Period to Holocene aridity”. <i>Global and Planetary Change</i>. <b>132</b>: 64—76. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.gloplacha.2015.06.006">10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.06.006</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=Water+level+history+for+Lake+Turkana%2C+Kenya+in+the+past+15%2C000+years+and+a+variable+transition+from+the+African+Humid+Period+to+Holocene+aridity&rft.au=Forman%2C+S.+L.&rft.au=Wright%2C+D.+K.&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.aulast=Bloszies&rft.date=2015-09-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.pages=64-76&rft.volume=132&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.gloplacha.2015.06.006&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Costa, Kassandra; Russell, James; Konecky, Bronwen; Lamb, Henry (1. 1. 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D8H13CRK/download">„Isotopic reconstruction of the African Humid Period and Congo Air Boundary migration at Lake Tana, Ethiopia”</a>. <i>Quaternary Science Reviews</i>. <b>83</b>: 58—67. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014QSRv...83...58C">2014QSRv...83...58C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2013.10.031">10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.10.031</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=Isotopic+reconstruction+of+the+African+Humid+Period+and+Congo+Air+Boundary+migration+at+Lake+Tana%2C+Ethiopia&rft.au=Konecky%2C+Bronwen&rft.au=Lamb%2C+Henry&rft.au=Russell%2C+James&rft.aufirst=Kassandra&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.date=2014-01-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.pages=58-67&rft.volume=83&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademiccommons.columbia.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.7916%2FD8H13CRK%2Fdownload&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014QSRv...83...58C&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2013.10.031&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jessica_Tierney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jessica Tierney (страница не постоји)">Tierney, Jessica E.</a>; Russell, James M.; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S.; Huang, Yongsong; Verschuren, Dirk (1. 4. 2011). „Late Quaternary behavior of the East African monsoon and the importance of the Congo Air Boundary”. <i>Quaternary Science Reviews</i>. <b>30</b> (7–8): 798—807. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011QSRv...30..798T">2011QSRv...30..798T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2011.01.017">10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.01.017</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=Late+Quaternary+behavior+of+the+East+African+monsoon+and+the+importance+of+the+Congo+Air+Boundary&rft.au=Huang%2C+Yongsong&rft.au=Russell%2C+James+M.&rft.au=Sinninghe+Damst%C3%A9%2C+Jaap+S.&rft.au=Verschuren%2C+Dirk&rft.aufirst=Jessica+E.&rft.aulast=Tierney&rft.date=2011-04-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=7%E2%80%938&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Science+Reviews&rft.pages=798-807&rft.volume=30&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011QSRv...30..798T&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.quascirev.2011.01.017&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Junginger, Annett; Roller, Sybille; Olaka, Lydia A.; Trauth, Martin H. (15. 2. 2014). „The effects of solar irradiation changes on the migration of the Congo Air Boundary and water levels of paleo-Lake Suguta, Northern Kenya Rift, during the African Humid Period (15–5 ka BP)”. <i>Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology</i>. <b>396</b>: 1—16. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014PPP...396....1J">2014PPP...396....1J</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2013.12.007">10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.12.007</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3AAlkalije&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+solar+irradiation+changes+on+the+migration+of+the+Congo+Air+Boundary+and+water+levels+of+paleo-Lake+Suguta%2C+Northern+Kenya+Rift%2C+during+the+African+Humid+Period+%2815%E2%80%935+ka+BP%29&rft.au=Olaka%2C+Lydia+A.&rft.au=Roller%2C+Sybille&rft.au=Trauth%2C+Martin+H.&rft.aufirst=Annett&rft.aulast=Junginger&rft.date=2014-02-15&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.pages=1-16&rft.volume=396&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014PPP...396....1J&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2013.12.007&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoljašnje_veze"><span id="Spolja.C5.A1nje_veze"></span>Spoljašnje veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Уредите одељак „Spoljašnje veze”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalije&action=edit&section=10" title="Уреди извор одељка: Spoljašnje veze"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25554621">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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