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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Índice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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Disponível em 100 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بيانات — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيانات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="بيانات — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيانات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datu" title="Datu — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Datu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veril%C9%99nl%C9%99r" title="Verilənlər — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Verilənlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="دئیتا — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دئیتا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Даныя — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Даныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Данни — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Данни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4" title="উপাত্ত — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উপাত্ত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podatak" title="Podatak — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Podatak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dada" title="Dada — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dato" title="Dato — Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Dato" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95" title="دراوە — curdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دراوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%C4%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Панăлăхсем — chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Панăлăхсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daten" title="Daten — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Daten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Δεδομένα — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δεδομένα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datumo" title="Datumo — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Datumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dato" title="Dato — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dato" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andmed" title="Andmed — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Andmed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datu_(estatistika)" title="Datu (estatistika) — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Datu (estatistika)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87" title="داده — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="داده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donn%C3%A9e" title="Donnée — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Donnée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gegeven" title="Gegeven — frísico ocidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Gegeven" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frísico ocidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonra%C3%AD" title="Sonraí — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sonraí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dato" title="Dato — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dato" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="دىتا — Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="دىتا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apopyme%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Apopyme'ẽ — guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Apopyme'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="נתונים — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נתונים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE" title="आँकड़ा — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आँकड़ा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podatak" title="Podatak — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Podatak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adat" title="Adat — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Adat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dato" title="Dato — interlíngua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Dato" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlíngua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datumo" title="Datumo — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Datumo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6gn" title="Gögn — islandês" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gögn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dato" title="Dato — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF" title="データ — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="データ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — javanês" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C7%B5l%C4%B1wmat" title="Maǵlıwmat — kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Maǵlıwmat" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Дерек — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дерек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%A3%8C" title="자료 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자료" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%C3%AE" title="Daî — curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Daî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Берилиштер — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Берилиштер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duomenys" title="Duomenys — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Duomenys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dati" title="Dati — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dati" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D2%A5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Ыҥпале — Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Ыҥпале" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Податок — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Податок" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE" title="विदा — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विदा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dados" title="Dados — mirandês" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Dados" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gegeven" title="Gegeven — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gegeven" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agargoo" title="Agargoo — oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Agargoo" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%A5%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F" title="ତଥ୍ୟ — oriá" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ତଥ୍ୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriá" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dane" title="Dane — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dane" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A0it_(inform%C3%A0tica)" title="Dàit (informàtica) — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Dàit (informàtica)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7" title="ڈیٹا — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ڈیٹا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%89%DB%90%D9%BC%D8%A7" title="ډېټا — pastó" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ډېټا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willaku" title="Willaku — quíchua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Willaku" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quíchua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dat%C4%83" title="Dată — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dată" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Данные — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Данные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Дата — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Дата" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Define:Data" title="Define:Data — scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Define:Data" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8A%D9%8A%D9%BD%D8%A7" title="ڊيٽا — sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڊيٽا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podatak" title="Podatak — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Podatak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD" title="දත්ත — cingalês" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දත්ත" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podatek" title="Podatek — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Podatek" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AB_dh%C3%ABnat" title="Të dhënat — albanês" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Të dhënat" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Податак — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Податак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — sundanês" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_(representation)" title="Data (representation) — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Data (representation)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data — suaíli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Data" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaíli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dane" title="Dane — silesiano" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Dane" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="தரவு — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தரவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="దత్తాంశాలు — telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దత్తాంశాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дода — tajique" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Дода" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5" title="ข้อมูล — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ข้อมูล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datos" title="Datos — tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Datos" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veri" title="Veri — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Veri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Бирелмәләр — tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бирелмәләр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D9%89%D9%82_%D9%85%DB%95%D9%84%DB%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سانلىق مەلۇمات — uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سانلىق مەلۇمات" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Дані — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дані" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7" title="ڈیٹا — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ڈیٹا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%E2%80%99lumotlar" title="Ma’lumotlar — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ma’lumotlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dato" title="Dato — véneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Dato" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="véneto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BB%AF_li%E1%BB%87u" title="Dữ liệu — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dữ liệu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE" title="数据 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="数据" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9F" title="דאטן — iídiche" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דאטן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="iídiche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE" title="数据 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="数据" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu-li%C4%81u" title="Chu-liāu — min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chu-liāu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A" title="數據 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="數據" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMininingo" title="IMininingo — zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IMininingo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Mais_notas plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Esta página cita fontes, mas não cobrem todo o conteúdo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Este artigo <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes">cita fontes</a>, mas que <b><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipédia:V">não cobrem</a> todo o conteúdo</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Ajude a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Refer%C3%AAncias_e_notas_de_rodap%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Referências e notas de rodapé">inserir referências</a> (<small><i>Encontre fontes:</i> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">ABW</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.periodicos.capes.gov.br">CAPES</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&as_epq=Dados">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&tbm=nws&q=Dados&oq=Dados">notícias</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_epq=Dados">livros</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&q=Dados">acadêmico</a>)</span></small>).</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Junho de 2023</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Data_types_-_pt_br.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Data_types_-_pt_br.svg/250px-Data_types_-_pt_br.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Data_types_-_pt_br.svg/330px-Data_types_-_pt_br.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Data_types_-_pt_br.svg/440px-Data_types_-_pt_br.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="455" /></a><figcaption>Exemplos de tipos de dados</figcaption></figure> <p>Na busca do <a href="/wiki/Conhecimento" title="Conhecimento">conhecimento</a>, os <b>dados</b> são uma coleção de valores discretos que transmitem <a href="/wiki/Informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Informação">informações</a>, descrevendo <a href="/wiki/Quantidade" title="Quantidade">quantidade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qualidade" title="Qualidade">qualidade</a>, fatos, <a href="/wiki/Estat%C3%ADstica" title="Estatística">estatísticas</a>, outras unidades básicas de significado, ou simplesmente sequências de <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADmbolo" title="Símbolo">símbolos</a> que podem ser posteriormente <a href="/wiki/Interpreta%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Interpretação">interpretados</a>. Um dado é um valor individual em uma coleção de dados. Os dados geralmente são organizados em <a href="/wiki/Estrutura" title="Estrutura">estruturas</a> como <a href="/wiki/Tabela" title="Tabela">tabelas</a> que fornecem <a href="/wiki/Contexto" title="Contexto">contexto</a> e <a href="/wiki/Significado_(psicologia)" title="Significado (psicologia)">significado</a> adicionais e que podem ser usados como dados em estruturas maiores. Os dados podem ser usados como <a href="/wiki/Vari%C3%A1vel_(estat%C3%ADstica)" title="Variável (estatística)">variáveis</a> em um processo <a href="/wiki/Computa%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Computação">computacional</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Os dados podem representar ideias <a href="/wiki/Abstra%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Abstração">abstratas</a> ou medidas concretas.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Os dados são comumente usados em <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9todo_cient%C3%ADfico" title="Método científico">pesquisas científicas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finan%C3%A7as" title="Finanças">finanças</a> e em praticamente todas as outras formas de <a href="/wiki/Administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Administração">atividade organizacional</a> humana. Exemplos de conjuntos de dados incluem preços de <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(finan%C3%A7as)" title="Ação (finanças)">ações</a>, taxas de <a href="/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">criminalidade</a>, taxas de <a href="/wiki/Desemprego" title="Desemprego">desemprego</a>, taxas de <a href="/wiki/Alfabetiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Alfabetização">alfabetização</a> e dados do <a href="/wiki/Censo_demogr%C3%A1fico" title="Censo demográfico">censo</a>. Nesse contexto, os dados representam os fatos e números brutos que podem ser usados de maneira a capturar as informações úteis. </p><p>Os dados são <a href="/wiki/Cole%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_dados" title="Coleção de dados">coletados</a> usando técnicas como <a href="/wiki/Medi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Medição">medição</a>, <a href="/wiki/Observa%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Observação">observação</a>, consulta ou análise e normalmente representados como <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero" title="Número">números</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Caractere" title="Caractere">caracteres</a> que podem ser <a href="/wiki/Processamento_de_dados" class="mw-redirect" title="Processamento de dados">processados</a> posteriormente. <a href="/wiki/Trabalho_de_campo" title="Trabalho de campo">Dados de campo</a> são dados coletados em um ambiente <i><a href="/wiki/In_situ" title="In situ">in situ</a></i> não controlado. Dados experimentais são dados gerados no decorrer de um <a href="/wiki/Experi%C3%AAncia_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Experiência científica">experimento científico</a> controlado. Os dados são analisados usando técnicas como <a href="/wiki/Conta_matem%C3%A1tica" title="Conta matemática">cálculo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Racioc%C3%ADnio_l%C3%B3gico" title="Raciocínio lógico">raciocínio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debate" title="Debate">discussão</a>, apresentação, <a href="/wiki/Visualiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_dados" title="Visualização de dados">visualização</a> ou outras formas de pós-análise. Antes da análise, os <a href="/wiki/Dados_brutos" title="Dados brutos">dados brutos</a> (ou dados não processados) são normalmente limpos: os <a href="/wiki/Valor_at%C3%ADpico" title="Valor atípico">valores atípicos</a> são removidos e erros óbvios de entrada de dados ou instrumentos são corrigidos. </p><p>Os dados são os <a href="/wiki/%C3%81tomo" title="Átomo">átomos</a> da tomada de decisão. Como tal, os dados podem ser vistos como as menores unidades de informação factual que podem ser usadas como base para cálculo, raciocínio ou discussão. Os dados podem variar de ideias abstratas a medições concretas, incluindo, entre outros, <a href="/wiki/Estat%C3%ADstica" title="Estatística">estatísticas</a>. Dados conectados tematicamente apresentados em algum contexto relevante podem ser vistos como informações. Informações conectadas contextualmente podem ser descritas como <i>insights</i> de dados ou <a href="/wiki/Intelig%C3%AAncia" title="Inteligência">inteligência</a>. O estoque de <i>insights</i> e inteligência que se acumula ao longo do tempo, resultante da síntese de dados em informações, pode então ser descrito como conhecimento. Os dados foram descritos como "o novo <a href="/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leo" title="Petróleo">petróleo</a> da <a href="/wiki/Economia_digital" title="Economia digital">economia digital</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dados, como conceito geral, referem-se ao fato de que alguma informação ou conhecimento existente é representado ou <a href="/wiki/Codifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Codificação">codificado</a> de alguma forma adequada para melhor uso ou processamento. </p><p>Os avanços nas tecnologias de computação levaram ao advento do "<a href="/wiki/Big_data" title="Big data"><i>Big Data</i></a>". <i>Big Data</i> geralmente se refere a quantidades muito grandes de dados, geralmente na escala de <i><a href="/wiki/Petabyte" title="Petabyte">petabytes</a></i>. Usando métodos tradicionais de <a href="/wiki/An%C3%A1lise_de_dados" title="Análise de dados">análise de dados</a> e computação, trabalhar com conjuntos de dados tão grandes (e crescentes) é difícil, até mesmo impossível. Em resposta, o campo relativamente novo de "<a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia_de_dados" title="Ciência de dados">ciência de dados</a>" usa métodos de aprendizado de máquina (e outras <a href="/wiki/Intelig%C3%AAncia_artificial" title="Inteligência artificial">inteligências artificiais</a>) que permitem para aplicações eficientes de métodos analíticos para <i>Big Data</i>. </p><p>Dado também pode ser definido como "uma sequência de símbolos quantificados ou quantificáveis".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologia_e_terminologia">Etimologia e terminologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dados&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Etimologia e terminologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dados&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Etimologia e terminologia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A palavra latina <i>data</i>, de onde deriva <i>dados</i>, é o plural de <i>datum</i>, "(coisa) dada", particípio passado neutro de <i>dare</i>, "dar".<sup id="cite_ref-EOL_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EOL-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> O primeiro uso da palavra "dados" em inglês é da década de 1640. A palavra "<i>data</i>" foi usada pela primeira vez para significar "informações de computador transmissíveis e armazenáveis" em 1946. A expressão "processamento de dados" foi usada pela primeira vez em 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-EOL_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EOL-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Quando "dados" é usado de forma mais geral como sinônimo de "informação", é tratado como um <a href="/wiki/Substantivo" title="Substantivo">substantivo</a> de massa na forma singular. Esse uso é comum na linguagem cotidiana e em campos técnicos e científicos, como desenvolvimento de <i>software</i> e ciência da computação. Um exemplo desse uso é o termo "<i><a href="/wiki/Big_data" title="Big data">big data</a></i>". Quando usado mais especificamente para se referir ao processamento e análise de conjuntos de dados, o termo mantém sua forma plural. Esse uso é comum em <a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncias_naturais" title="Ciências naturais">ciências naturais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncias_da_vida" title="Ciências da vida">ciências da vida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncias_sociais" title="Ciências sociais">ciências sociais</a>, desenvolvimento de <i>software</i> e ciência da computação, e cresceu em popularidade em séculos XX e XXI. Alguns guias de estilo não reconhecem os diferentes significados do termo e simplesmente recomendam a forma que melhor se adapta ao público-alvo do guia. Por exemplo, o estilo APA a partir da 7.ª edição exige que "dados" sejam tratado como uma forma plural.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dados&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dados&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A1tica" title="Informática">Informática</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_dados" title="Administração de dados">Administração de dados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arquitetura_de_dados" title="Arquitetura de dados">Arquitetura de dados</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms</i>. [S.l.]: OECD. 2008. p. 119. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-92-64-025561" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-92-64-025561">978-92-64-025561</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADados&rft.btitle=OECD+Glossary+of+Statistical+Terms&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-92-64-025561&rft.pages=119&rft.pub=OECD&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abs.gov.au/websitedbs/a3121120.nsf/home/statistical+language+-+what+are+data">«Statistical Language - What are Data?»</a>. <i>Australian Bureau of Statistics</i>. 13 de julho de 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de março de 2020</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190419010315/http://abs.gov.au/websitedbs/a3121120.nsf/home/statistical+language+-+what+are+data">Cópia arquivada em 19 de abril de 2019</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADados&rft.atitle=Statistical+Language+-+What+are+Data%3F&rft.date=2013-07-13&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabs.gov.au%2Fwebsitedbs%2Fa3121120.nsf%2Fhome%2Fstatistical%2Blanguage%2B-%2Bwhat%2Bare%2Bdata&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diffen.com/difference/Data_vs_Information">«Data vs Information - Difference and Comparison | Diffen»</a>. <i>www.diffen.com</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 11 de dezembro de 2018</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADados&rft.atitle=Data+vs+Information+-+Difference+and+Comparison+%7C+Diffen&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.diffen.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiffen.com%2Fdifference%2FData_vs_Information&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation magazine">Yonego, Joris Toonders (23 de julho de 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wired.com/insights/2014/07/data-new-oil-digital-economy/">«Data Is the New Oil of the Digital Economy»</a>. <i>Wired</i> – via www.wired.com</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADados&rft.aufirst=Joris+Toonders&rft.aulast=Yonego&rft.btitle=Data+Is+the+New+Oil+of+the+Digital+Economy&rft.date=2014-07-23&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwired.com%2Finsights%2F2014%2F07%2Fdata-new-oil-digital-economy%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spotlessdata.com/blog/data-new-oil">«Data is the new oil»</a>. 16 de julho de 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180716224058/https://spotlessdata.com/blog/data-new-oil">Cópia arquivada em 27 de outubro de 2021</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADados&rft.btitle=Data+is+the+new+oil&rft.date=2018-07-16&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspotlessdata.com%2Fblog%2Fdata-new-oil&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">SETZER, Valdemar W. Dado, informação, conhecimento e competência. <i>DataGramaZero Revista de Ciência da Informação, n. 0</i>, 1999</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EOL-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-EOL_7-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-EOL_7-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etymonline.com/word/data">«data | Origin and meaning of data by Online Etymology Dictionary»</a>. <i>www.etymonline.com</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADados&rft.atitle=data+%26%23124%3B+Origin+and+meaning+of+data+by+Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.etymonline.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetymonline.com%2Fword%2Fdata&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">American Psychological Association (2020). <i>Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association: the official guide to APA style</i>. [S.l.]: American Psychological Association. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9781433832161" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/9781433832161">9781433832161</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADados&rft.au=American+Psychological+Association&rft.btitle=Publication+Manual+of+the+American+Psychological+Association%3A+the+official+guide+to+APA+style&rft.date=2020&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781433832161&rft.pub=American+Psychological+Association&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69325977">@media(max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack{width:100%!important;float:none!important;margin:10px auto!important;text-align:center!important;box-sizing:border-box!important}.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack .image-container{float:none!important;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px}.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack .text-container{margin-left:0!important}}</style><div class="noprint mobile-stack" style="clear: right; 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