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model tests</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: physical model tests"> <meta name="keywords" content="physical model tests"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="physical model tests"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 24949</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: physical model tests</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24949</span> Optimization of Element Type for FE Model and Verification of Analyses with Physical Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Tufekci">Mustafa Tufekci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caner%20Guven"> Caner Guven</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Automotive Industry, sliding door systems that are also used as body closures, are safety members. Extreme product tests are realized to prevent failures in a design process, but these tests realized experimentally result in high costs. Finite element analysis is an effective tool used for the design process. These analyses are used before production of a prototype for validation of design according to customer requirement. In result of this, the substantial amount of time and cost is saved. Finite element model is created for geometries that are designed in 3D CAD programs. Different element types as bar, shell and solid, can be used for creating mesh model. The cheaper model can be created by the selection of element type, but combination of element type that was used in model, number and geometry of element and degrees of freedom affects the analysis result. Sliding door system is a good example which used these methods for this study. Structural analysis was realized for sliding door mechanism by using FE models. As well, physical tests that have same boundary conditions with FE models were realized. Comparison study for these element types, were done regarding test and analyses results then the optimum combination was achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20door%20mechanism" title=" sliding door mechanism"> sliding door mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=element%20type" title=" element type"> element type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20analysis" title=" structural analysis"> structural analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35425/optimization-of-element-type-for-fe-model-and-verification-of-analyses-with-physical-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24948</span> Termite Mound Floors: Ready-to-Use Ecological Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yann%C3%A9%20Etienne">Yanné Etienne</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current climatic conditions necessarily impose the development and use of construction materials with low or no carbon footprint. The Far North Region of Cameroon has huge deposits of termite mounds. Various tests in this work have been carried out on these soils with the aim of using them as construction materials. They are mainly geotechnical tests, physical and mechanical tests. The different tests gave the following values: uniformity coefficient (4.95), curvature coefficient (1.80), plasticity index (12.85%), optimum moisture content (6.70%), maximum dry density (2.05 g.cm-³), friction angles (14.07°), and cohesion of 100.29 kN.m2. The results obtained show that termite mound soils, which are ecological materials, are plastic and water-stable can be used for the production of load-bearing elements in construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=termite%20mound%20soil" title="termite mound soil">termite mound soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20materials" title=" ecological materials"> ecological materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20materials" title=" building materials"> building materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotechnical%20tests" title=" geotechnical tests"> geotechnical tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20and%20mechanical%20tests" title=" physical and mechanical tests"> physical and mechanical tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143494/termite-mound-floors-ready-to-use-ecological-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24947</span> The Effect of Physical Biorhythm Cycle on Health-Related Fitness Factors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leyli%20Khavari">Leyli Khavari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javad%20Yousefian"> Javad Yousefian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical biorhythm cycle on health-related fitness factors. For this purpose, 120 athlete and non-athlete male and female students were selected randomly and based on the level of physical activity divided into athletic and non-athletic groups. The exact date of birth and also when the subjects were in the positive, negative and critical physical biorhythm cycle was determined by calculation software biorhythm. The physical fitness factors tests, including Queens College Step Test, AAHPERD sit-ups; Wells stretch test and hand dynamometer. Students in three stages in positive, negative and critical physical cycle were tested. Data processing using SPSS software and statistical tests ANOVA with repeated measures and student t test was used for dependent. The results of this study showed that changes in physical fitness and physical biorhythm were not affected by changes in the 23-day physical cycle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AAHPERD%20test" title="AAHPERD test">AAHPERD test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biorhythm" title=" biorhythm"> biorhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20cycle" title=" physical cycle"> physical cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Queens%20College%20Step%20Test" title=" Queens College Step Test"> Queens College Step Test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73048/the-effect-of-physical-biorhythm-cycle-on-health-related-fitness-factors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24946</span> Determination of the Bearing Capacity of Granular Pumice Soils by Laboratory Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20%20Yildiz">Mustafa Yildiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Sinan%20Soganci"> Ali Sinan Soganci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pumice soils are countered in many projects such as transportation roads, channels and residential units throughout the World. The pumice deposits are characterized by the vesicular nature of their particles. When the pumice soils are evaluated considering the geotechnical viewpoint, they differ from silica sands in terms of physical and engineering characteristics. These differences are low grain strength, high friction angle, void ratio and compressibility. At stresses greater than a few hundred kPa, the stress-strain-strength behaviour of these soils is determined by particle crushing. Particle crushing leads to changes in the density and reduction in the components of shear stress due to expansion. In this study, the bearing capacity and behaviour of granular pumice soils compared to sand-gravels were investigated by laboratory model tests. Firstly the geotechnical properties of granular pumice soils were determined; then, the behaviour of pumice soils with an equivalent diameter of sand and gravel soils were investigated by model rectangular and circular foundation types and were compared with each other. For this purpose, basic types of model footing (15*15 cm, 20*20 cm, Φ=15 cm and Φ=20 cm) have been selected. When the experimental results of model bearing capacity are analyzed, the values of sand and gravel bearing capacity tests were found to be 1.0-1.5 times higher than the bearing capacity of pumice the same size. This fact has shown that sand and gravel have a higher bearing capacity than pumice of the similar particle sizes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pumice%20soils" title="pumice soils">pumice soils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laboratory%20model%20tests" title=" laboratory model tests"> laboratory model tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing%20capacity" title=" bearing capacity"> bearing capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laboratory%20model%20tests" title=" laboratory model tests"> laboratory model tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nev%C5%9Fehir" title=" Nevşehir"> Nevşehir</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77587/determination-of-the-bearing-capacity-of-granular-pumice-soils-by-laboratory-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24945</span> The Comparison of Movement and Physical Fitness in Secondary Male Students in Altitude and Coastal Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmaeil%20Zabihi">Esmaeil Zabihi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Hossein%20Alavi"> Seyed Hossein Alavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is a comparison of movement and physical fitness in athlete's male students in altitude and sea-level. The samples consist of 450 subjects in altitude and sea-level in Iran in years of 2013 which were selected randomly from the population. We investigated the effect of high altitude on the tests activity profile of youth high altitude and sea level residents. Methods 450 Sea Level (Mahmood Abad) and 450 Altitude-resident (Shahre-Kord) athlete students tests of physical fitness near sea level (-5 m) and in Altitude (2100 m). This study is Descriptive Research (causal-comparative research). The tests of physical fitness include pull-ups test, sit-ups test, agility test(4 9), 45 sprint test, 1600 m running, long jump, and flexibility test. For determining of different between the physical fitness of altitude and sea-level students was used t-test (P ≤ 0.05). The result of this study show that there is no significant difference between the average of pull-ups test, flexibility, 45 sprints, and agility (4 9) test of students in sea-level and altitude. But there is a significant difference between the average of sit-ups, 1600 m running and long jump in altitude. The students of altitude have higher power rather than sea-level. But the students of sea-level have stronger abdominal muscles and cardio-respiratory endurance rather than altitude. High altitude reduces the distance covered by youth athlete students during tests. Neither acclimatisation nor lifelong residence at high altitude protects against detrimental effects of altitude on tests activity profile. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title="physical fitness">physical fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20level" title=" sea level"> sea level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=altitude%20areas" title=" altitude areas"> altitude areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AAHPERD%20test" title=" AAHPERD test "> AAHPERD test </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19273/the-comparison-of-movement-and-physical-fitness-in-secondary-male-students-in-altitude-and-coastal-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24944</span> Physical Education Teacher's Interpretation toward Teaching Games for Understanding Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soni%20Nopembri">Soni Nopembri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to evaluate the implementation of teaching games for Understanding model by conducting action to physical education teacher who have got long teaching experience. The research applied Participatory Action Research. The subjects of this research were 19 physical education teachers who had got training of Teaching Games for Understanding. Data collection was conducted intensively through a questionnaire, in-depth interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), observation, and documentation. The collected data was analysis zed qualitatively and quantitatively. The result showed that physical education teachers had got an appropriate interpretation on TGfU model. Some indicators that were the focus of this research indicated this points; they are: (1) physical education teachers had good understanding toward TGfU model, (2) PE teachers’ competence in applying TGfU model on Physical Education at school were adequate, though some improvement were needed, (3) the influence factors in the implementation of TGfU model, in sequence, were teacher, facilities, environment, and students factors, (4) PE teachers’ perspective toward TGfU model were positively good, although some teachers were less optimistic toward the development of TGfU model in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TGfU" title="TGfU">TGfU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20education%20teacher" title=" physical education teacher"> physical education teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20games" title=" teaching games"> teaching games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FGD" title=" FGD"> FGD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9668/physical-education-teachers-interpretation-toward-teaching-games-for-understanding-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">547</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24943</span> The Use of Psychological Tests in Polish Organizations - Empirical Evidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milena%20Gojny-Zbierowska">Milena Gojny-Zbierowska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decades psychological tests have been gaining in popularity as a method used for evaluating personnel, and they bring consulting companies solid profits rising by up to 10% each year. The market is offering a growing range of tools for the assessment of personality. Tests are used in organizations mainly in the recruitment and selection of staff. This paper is an attempt to initially diagnose the state of the use of psychological tests in Polish companies on the basis of empirical research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20tests" title="psychological tests">psychological tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title=" personality"> personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20analysis" title=" content analysis"> content analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NEO%20FFI" title=" NEO FFI"> NEO FFI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20five%20personality%20model" title=" big five personality model"> big five personality model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39287/the-use-of-psychological-tests-in-polish-organizations-empirical-evidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24942</span> Conduction Model Compatible for Multi-Physical Domain Dynamic Investigations: Bond Graph Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Zanj">A. Zanj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20He"> F. He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current paper, a domain independent conduction model compatible for multi-physical system dynamic investigations is suggested. By means of a port-based approach, a classical nonlinear conduction model containing physical states is first represented. A compatible discrete configuration of the thermal domain in line with the elastic domain is then generated through the enhancement of the configuration of the conventional thermal element. The presented simulation results of a sample structure indicate that the suggested conductive model can cover a wide range of dynamic behavior of the thermal domain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-physical%20domain" title="multi-physical domain">multi-physical domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conduction%20model" title=" conduction model"> conduction model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=port%20based%20modeling" title=" port based modeling"> port based modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20interaction" title=" dynamic interaction"> dynamic interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20modeling" title=" physical modeling"> physical modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42625/conduction-model-compatible-for-multi-physical-domain-dynamic-investigations-bond-graph-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24941</span> The Ratio of Second-to-Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and the Physical Ability in Men and Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marek%20Kociuba">Marek Kociuba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaros%C5%82aw%20Kurek"> Jarosław Kurek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The digit length ratio (2D:4D) is generally higher in women compared to men. Lower 2D:4D is linked with greater physical ability, strength, and better sporting performance. Second-to-fourth digit lengths ratio (2D:4D) is an indicator of PT exposure. Lower 2D:4D indicates higher PT exposure and vice versa. Methods: The objectives of this paper were to investigate the relationship of 2D:4D with physical fitness in men and women. The study compared 137 female and 174 male students from Wrocław. Besides calculating 2D:4D for each hand, height and weight were also recorded. Assessment of physical fitness and endurance were performed through Eurofit tests. Handgrip strength was measured by a standardized isometric dynamometer. Results: Male participants had significantly lower 2D:4D than females on each hand. A weak relationship between 2D:4D and the results of strength tests was found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D%3A4D" title="2D:4D">2D:4D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title=" physical fitness"> physical fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenatal%20testosterone" title=" prenatal testosterone"> prenatal testosterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20dimorphism" title=" sexual dimorphism"> sexual dimorphism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151606/the-ratio-of-second-to-fourth-digit-length-2d4d-and-the-physical-ability-in-men-and-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24940</span> Study of the Behavior of Geogrid Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls Under Cyclic Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongzhe%20Zhao">Yongzhe Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Liu"> Ying Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiyong%20Liu"> Zhiyong Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20You"> Hui You</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The soil behind retaining wall is normally subjected to cyclic loading, for example traffic loading. Geotextile has been widely used to reinforce the soil for the purpose of reducing the settlement of the soil. A series of physical model tests were performed to investigate the settlement of footing under cyclic loading. The settlement of the footing, ground deformation and the vertical earth pressure in subsoil were presented and discussed under different types of geotextiles. The results indicate that including geotextiles significantly decreases the footing settlement and the stiffer the geotextile, the less the settlement. Under cyclic loading, the soil below the footing shows dilation within certain depths and beyond that it experiences contraction. The location of footing relative to the retaining wall has important effects on the deformation behavior of the soil in the ground, and the closer the footing to the retaining wall, the greater the contraction soil shows. This is because the retaining wall experienced greater lateral displacement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20model%20tests" title="physical model tests">physical model tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20retaining%20wall" title=" reinforced retaining wall"> reinforced retaining wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20loading" title=" cyclic loading"> cyclic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=footing" title=" footing"> footing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150601/study-of-the-behavior-of-geogrid-mechanically-stabilized-earth-walls-under-cyclic-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24939</span> Entrepreneurs’ Perceptions of the Economic, Social and Physical Impacts of Tourism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oktay%20Emir">Oktay Emir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to determine how entrepreneurs perceive the economic, social and physical impacts of tourism. The study was conducted in the city of Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, which is rich in thermal tourism resources and investments. A survey was used as the data collection method, and the questionnaire was applied to 472 entrepreneurs. A simple random sampling method was used to identify the sample. Independent sampling t-tests and ANOVA tests were used to analyse the data obtained. Additionally, some statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found based on the participants’ demographic characteristics regarding their opinions about the social, economic and physical impacts of tourism activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title=" entrepreneurship"> entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurs" title=" entrepreneurs"> entrepreneurs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modelling" title=" structural equation modelling"> structural equation modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66560/entrepreneurs-perceptions-of-the-economic-social-and-physical-impacts-of-tourism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24938</span> Kinetic Façade Design Using 3D Scanning to Convert Physical Models into Digital Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Do-Jin%20Jang">Do-Jin Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Ah%20Kim"> Sung-Ah Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In designing a kinetic façade, it is hard for the designer to make digital models due to its complex geometry with motion. This paper aims to present a methodology of converting a point cloud of a physical model into a single digital model with a certain topology and motion. The method uses a Microsoft Kinect sensor, and color markers were defined and applied to three paper folding-inspired designs. Although the resulted digital model cannot represent the whole folding range of the physical model, the method supports the designer to conduct a performance-oriented design process with the rough physical model in the reduced folding range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20media" title="design media">design media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetic%20facades" title=" kinetic facades"> kinetic facades</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tangible%20user%20interface" title=" tangible user interface"> tangible user interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20scanning" title=" 3D scanning"> 3D scanning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70846/kinetic-facade-design-using-3d-scanning-to-convert-physical-models-into-digital-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24937</span> Experimental Investigation and Constitutive Modeling of Volume Strain under Uniaxial Strain Rate Jump Test in HDPE</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rida%20B.%20Arieby">Rida B. Arieby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20N.%20Hameed"> Hameed N. Hameed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, tensile tests on high density polyethylene have been carried out under various constant strain rate and strain rate jump tests. The dependency of the true stress and specially the variation of volume strain have been investigated, the volume strain due to the phenomena of damage was determined in real time during the tests by an optical extensometer called Videotraction. A modified constitutive equations, including strain rate and damage effects, are proposed, such a model is based on a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach called (DNLR). The ability of the model to predict the complex nonlinear response of this polymer is examined by comparing the model simulation with the available experimental data, which demonstrate that this model can represent the deformation behavior of the polymer reasonably well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20rate%20jump%20tests" title="strain rate jump tests">strain rate jump tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20strain" title=" volume strain"> volume strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20density%20polyethylene" title=" high density polyethylene"> high density polyethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20strain" title=" large strain"> large strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamics%20approach" title=" thermodynamics approach"> thermodynamics approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6857/experimental-investigation-and-constitutive-modeling-of-volume-strain-under-uniaxial-strain-rate-jump-test-in-hdpe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24936</span> Investigating Relationship between Body Size and Physical Fitness Factors among University Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allahyar%20Arabmomeni">Allahyar Arabmomeni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hojjatollah%20Alaei"> Hojjatollah Alaei </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The objectives of this study was to investigate effect of anthropometric variables and body composition on physical capabilities among male and female students. Materials and Methods: The study had a descriptive correlation method. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr Branch, from 2011 to 2013, which was about 7000 students. The statistical sample included 300 male and 300 female students who were randomly selected from among university students in proportion to frequency of students in each faculty. Descriptive statistical methods, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Results: Results of this research showed that body size of male students in the studied variables was more than that of female students (p<0.05). Moreover, there was significant difference between all the variables based on significance level of the table. Also, the results taken from the Pearson correlation of this study's variables showed a positive relationship between height and leg and hand length and sit-up, full-ups bar and vertical jump tests (p<0/01). Besides, there was a positive correlation between hand length, sit-up, full-ups bar and vertical jump tests. As far as tests of length of legs and vertical jump were concerned, a highly positive correlation was observed between them. Additionally, results of this study indicated a significant correlation at alpha level of 0.05 between age and height of the students; but, there was a negative correlation between age, sit-up and 1600-m tests (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated a relationship between size of weight, height, length of hands and legs and some physical fitness tests. Therefore, it is required to consider anthropometric factors in addition to gender and age while preparing norms of physical fitness since variables of height and length of hands also affect physical fitness evaluation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropometric%20variables" title="anthropometric variables">anthropometric variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness%20factors" title=" physical fitness factors"> physical fitness factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20composition" title=" body composition"> body composition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2054/investigating-relationship-between-body-size-and-physical-fitness-factors-among-university-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24935</span> Correlations Between Electrical Resistivity and Some Properties of Clayey Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20A.%20Hassona">F. A. Hassona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Abu-Heleika"> M. M. Abu-Heleika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Hassan"> M. A. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20E.%20Sidhom"> A. E. Sidhom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Application of electrical measurements to evaluate engineering properties of soils has gained a wide, promising field of research in recent years. So, understanding of the relation between in-situ electrical resistivity of clay soil, and their mechanical and physical properties consider a promising field of research. This would assist in introducing a new technique for the determination of soil properties based on electrical resistivity. In this work soil physical and mechanical properties of clayey soil have been determined by experimental tests and correlated with the in-situ electrical resistivity. The research program was conducted through measuring fifteen vertical electrical sounding stations along with fifteen selected boreholes. These samples were analyzed and subjected to experimental tests such as physical tests namely bulk density, water content, specific gravity, and grain size distribution, and Attereberg limits tests. Mechanical test was also conducted such as direct shear test. The electrical resistivity data were interpreted and correlated with each one of the measured experimental parameters. Based on this study mathematical relations were extracted and discussed. These results exhibit an excellent match with the results reported in the literature. This study demonstrates the utility of the developed methodology for determining the mechanical properties of soils easily and rapidly depending on their electrical resistivity measurements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20resistivity" title="electrical resistivity">electrical resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clayey%20soil" title=" clayey soil"> clayey soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20properties" title=" physical properties"> physical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20properties" title=" shear properties"> shear properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2558/correlations-between-electrical-resistivity-and-some-properties-of-clayey-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24934</span> Assessment and Evaluation of Football Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulus%20Kpame">Bulus Kpame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukhtar%20Mohammed%20Alhaji"> Mukhtar Mohammed Alhaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garba%20Jibril"> Garba Jibril</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In any team sport, the most important variables that should be used to measure performance are physical condition, and technical and tactical performance. In a complex game like football, it is extremely difficult to measure the relative importance of each of these variables. However, physical fitness itself has been shown to consist of several components, like endurance, strength, flexibility, agility, coordination and speed. Each of these components has been shown to consist of several subcomponents. This paper attempts to describe a test battery to assess and evaluate physical performance in football players. This battery comprises a functional, structured training session of about 2.5hrs. it consists of quality rating of the warm-up procedure, tests of flexibility, football skills, power, speed, and endurance. Acceptable values for performance in each of the tests are also presented under each test. It is hoped that this battery of tests will be helpful to the coach in determining the effect of a specific training program. It would also be helpful to train physician and trainer, to monitor progress during rehabilitation after sustaining any injury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=programs" title=" programs"> programs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30325/assessment-and-evaluation-of-football-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24933</span> A Brief Study about Nonparametric Adherence Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinicius%20R.%20Domingues">Vinicius R. Domingues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luan%20C.%20S.%20M.%20Ozelim"> Luan C. S. M. Ozelim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The statistical study has become indispensable for various fields of knowledge. Not any different, in Geotechnics the study of probabilistic and statistical methods has gained power considering its use in characterizing the uncertainties inherent in soil properties. One of the situations where engineers are constantly faced is the definition of a probability distribution that represents significantly the sampled data. To be able to discard bad distributions, goodness-of-fit tests are necessary. In this paper, three non-parametric goodness-of-fit tests are applied to a data set computationally generated to test the goodness-of-fit of them to a series of known distributions. It is shown that the use of normal distribution does not always provide satisfactory results regarding physical and behavioral representation of the modeled parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kolmogorov-Smirnov%20test" title="Kolmogorov-Smirnov test">Kolmogorov-Smirnov test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anderson-Darling%20test" title=" Anderson-Darling test"> Anderson-Darling test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cramer-Von-Mises%20test" title=" Cramer-Von-Mises test"> Cramer-Von-Mises test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonparametric%20adherence%20tests" title=" nonparametric adherence tests"> nonparametric adherence tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35858/a-brief-study-about-nonparametric-adherence-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24932</span> Mechanical Contribution of Silica Fume and Hydrated Lime Addition in Mortars Assessed by Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Tests </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nacim%20Khelil">Nacim Khelil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amar%20Kahil"> Amar Kahil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Boukais"> Said Boukais</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study is to investigate the changes in the mechanical properties of mortars including additions of Condensed Silica Fume (CSF), Hydrated Lime (CH) or both at various amounts (5% to 15% of cement replacement) and high water ratios (w/b) (0.4 to 0.7). The physical and mechanical changes in the mixes were evaluated using non-destructive tests (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV)) and destructive tests (crushing tests) on 28 day-long specimens consecutively, in order to assess CSF and CH replacement rate influence on the mechanical and physical properties of the mortars, as well as CSF-CH pre-mixing on the improvement of these properties. A significant improvement of the mechanical properties of the CSF, CSF-CH mortars, has been noted. CSF-CH mixes showed the best improvements exceeding 50% improvement, showing the sizable pozzolanic reaction contribution to the specimen strength development. UPV tests have shown increased velocities for CSF and CSH mixes, however no proportional evolution with compressive strengths could be noted. The results of the study show that CSF-CH addition could represent a suitable solution to significantly increase the mechanical properties of mortars. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensed%20silica%20fume" title=" condensed silica fume"> condensed silica fume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrated%20lime" title=" hydrated lime"> hydrated lime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pozzolanic%20reaction" title=" pozzolanic reaction"> pozzolanic reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UPV%20testing" title=" UPV testing"> UPV testing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110109/mechanical-contribution-of-silica-fume-and-hydrated-lime-addition-in-mortars-assessed-by-ultrasonic-pulse-velocity-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24931</span> A Physical Theory of Information vs. a Mathematical Theory of Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manouchehr%20Amiri">Manouchehr Amiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article introduces a general notion of physical bit information that is compatible with the basics of quantum mechanics and incorporates the Shannon entropy as a special case. This notion of physical information leads to the Binary data matrix model (BDM), which predicts the basic results of quantum mechanics, general relativity, and black hole thermodynamics. The compatibility of the model with holographic, information conservation, and Landauer’s principles are investigated. After deriving the “Bit Information principle” as a consequence of BDM, the fundamental equations of Planck, De Broglie, Beckenstein, and mass-energy equivalence are derived. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20theory%20of%20information" title="physical theory of information">physical theory of information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20data%20matrix%20model" title=" binary data matrix model"> binary data matrix model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon%20information%20theory" title=" Shannon information theory"> Shannon information theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bit%20information%20principle" title=" bit information principle"> bit information principle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166010/a-physical-theory-of-information-vs-a-mathematical-theory-of-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24930</span> The Effect of Core Training on Physical Fitness Characteristics in Male Volleyball Players</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sibel%20Karacaoglu">Sibel Karacaoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20%C3%87.%20Kayapinar"> Fatma Ç. Kayapinar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of the core training program on physical fitness characteristics and body composition in male volleyball players. 26 male university volleyball team players aged between 19 to 24 years who had no health problems and injury participated in the study. Subjects were divided into training (TG) and control groups (CG) as randomly. Data from twenty-one players who completed all training sessions were used for statistical analysis (TG,n=11; CG,n=10). A core training program was applied to the training group three days a week for 10 weeks. On the other hand, the control group did not receive any training. Before and after the 10-week training program, pre- and post-testing comprised of body composition measurements (weight, BMI, bioelectrical impedance analysis) and physical fitness measurements including flexibility (sit and reach test), muscle strength (back, leg and grip strength by dynamometer), muscle endurance (sit-ups and push-ups tests), power (one-legged jump and vertical jump tests), speed (20m sprint, 30m sprint) and balance tests (one-legged standing test) were performed. Changes of pre- and post- test values of the groups were determined by using dependent t test. According to the statistical analysis of data, no significant difference was found in terms of body composition in the both groups for pre- and post- test values. In the training group, all physical fitness measurements improved significantly after core training program (p<0.05) except 30m speed and handgrip strength (p>0.05). On the hand, only 20m speed test values improved after post-test period (p<0.05), but the other physical fitness tests values did not differ (p>0.05) between pre- and post- test measurement in the control group. The results of the study suggest that the core training program has positive effect on physical fitness characteristics in male volleyball players. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20composition" title="body composition">body composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20training" title=" core training"> core training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title=" physical fitness"> physical fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volleyball" title=" volleyball"> volleyball</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62106/the-effect-of-core-training-on-physical-fitness-characteristics-in-male-volleyball-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62106.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24929</span> Performing Diagnosis in Building with Partially Valid Heterogeneous Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houda%20Najeh">Houda Najeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahendra%20Pratap%20Singh"> Mahendra Pratap Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=St%C3%A9phane%20Ploix"> Stéphane Ploix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antoine%20Caucheteux"> Antoine Caucheteux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Chabir"> Karim Chabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Naceur%20Abdelkrim"> Mohamed Naceur Abdelkrim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Building system is highly vulnerable to different kinds of faults and human misbehaviors. Energy efficiency and user comfort are directly targeted due to abnormalities in building operation. The available fault diagnosis tools and methodologies particularly rely on rules or pure model-based approaches. It is assumed that model or rule-based test could be applied to any situation without taking into account actual testing contexts. Contextual tests with validity domain could reduce a lot of the design of detection tests. The main objective of this paper is to consider fault validity when validate the test model considering the non-modeled events such as occupancy, weather conditions, door and window openings and the integration of the knowledge of the expert on the state of the system. The concept of heterogeneous tests is combined with test validity to generate fault diagnoses. A combination of rules, range and model-based tests known as heterogeneous tests are proposed to reduce the modeling complexity. Calculation of logical diagnoses coming from artificial intelligence provides a global explanation consistent with the test result. An application example shows the efficiency of the proposed technique: an office setting at Grenoble Institute of Technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20tests" title="heterogeneous tests">heterogeneous tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20system" title=" building system"> building system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20grids" title=" sensor grids"> sensor grids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20fault" title=" sensor fault"> sensor fault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20detection%20and%20isolation" title=" fault detection and isolation"> fault detection and isolation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100728/performing-diagnosis-in-building-with-partially-valid-heterogeneous-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24928</span> Validation Study of Radial Aircraft Engine Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Grabowski">Lukasz Grabowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tytus%20Tulwin"> Tytus Tulwin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Geca"> Michal Geca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Karpinski"> P. Karpinski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the radial aircraft engine model which has been created in AVL Boost software. This model is a one-dimensional physical model of the engine, which enables us to investigate the impact of an ignition system design on engine performance (power, torque, fuel consumption). In addition, this model allows research under variable environmental conditions to reflect varied flight conditions (altitude, humidity, cruising speed). Before the simulation research the identifying parameters and validating of model were studied. In order to verify the feasibility to take off power of gasoline radial aircraft engine model, some validation study was carried out. The first stage of the identification was completed with reference to the technical documentation provided by manufacturer of engine and the experiments on the test stand of the real engine. The second stage involved a comparison of simulation results with the results of the engine stand tests performed on a WSK ’PZL-Kalisz’. The engine was loaded by a propeller in a special test bench. Identifying the model parameters referred to a comparison of the test results to the simulation in terms of: pressure behind the throttles, pressure in the inlet pipe, and time course for pressure in the first inlet pipe, power, and specific fuel consumption. Accordingly, the required coefficients and error of simulation calculation relative to the real-object experiments were determined. Obtained the time course for pressure and its value is compatible with the experimental results. Additionally the engine power and specific fuel consumption tends to be significantly compatible with the bench tests. The mapping error does not exceed 1.5%, which verifies positively the model of combustion and allows us to predict engine performance if the process of combustion will be modified. The next conducted tests verified completely model. The maximum mapping error for the pressure behind the throttles and the inlet pipe pressure is 4 %, which proves the model of the inlet duct in the engine with the charging compressor to be correct. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1D-model" title="1D-model">1D-model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aircraft%20engine" title=" aircraft engine"> aircraft engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50036/validation-study-of-radial-aircraft-engine-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24927</span> A Study on Functional Performance and Physical Self-esteem Levels of Differently-Abled Basket Ballplayers: A Case Series</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prerna%20Mohan%20Saxena">Prerna Mohan Saxena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avni%20Joshi"> Avni Joshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raju%20K%20Parasher"> Raju K Parasher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Disability is a state of decreased functioning associated with disease, disorder, injury, or other health condition, which in the context of one’s environment is experienced as an impairment, activity limitation, or participation restriction. With the concept of disability evolving over the years, the current ICF model of disability has integrated this concept into a comprehensive whole of multiple dimensions of human functioning, including biological, psychological, social, and environmental aspects. Wheelchair basketball is one of the greatest examples of adapted sports for the disabled. Through this study, we aim to evaluate the functional performance and self-esteem levels in differently-abled pediatric wheelchair basketball players, providing an insight on their abilities and deficits and how they can be worked on at a larger level to improve overall performance. The study was conducted on 9 pediatric wheelchair basketball players at Amar Jyoti school for inclusive education Delhi their physical performance was assessed using a battery of tests, and physical self esteem was assessed using the Physical self-description instrument (PSDQ-S). Results showed that 9 participants age ranged between 10-21 years, mostly males with BMI ranging between 16.7 to 28.9 kg/m2 most of them had the experience of 5 to 6 years of playing the sport. The data showed physical performance in accordance to years of experience of playing, physical self esteem showed a different perspective, with experience players scoring less on it. This study supports a multidimensional construct of physical performance and physical self-esteem, suggesting that both may be applied on the wheelchair basketball players at competitive levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ase%20series" title="ase series">ase series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20performance" title=" physical performance"> physical performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20self-esteem" title=" physical self-esteem"> physical self-esteem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheelchair%20basketball" title=" wheelchair basketball"> wheelchair basketball</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158796/a-study-on-functional-performance-and-physical-self-esteem-levels-of-differently-abled-basket-ballplayers-a-case-series" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24926</span> Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Mustafa Paşa Mosque in Skopje</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozden%20Saygili">Ozden Saygili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eser%20Cakti"> Eser Cakti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The masonry building stock in Istanbul and in other cities of Turkey are exposed to significant earthquake hazard. Determination of the safety of masonry structures against earthquakes is a complex challenge. This study deals with experimental tests and non-linear dynamic analysis of masonry structures modeled through discrete element method. The 1:10 scale model of Mustafa Paşa Mosque was constructed and the data were obtained from the sensors on it during its testing on the shake table. The results were used in the calibration/validation of the numerical model created on the basis of the 1:10 scale model built for shake table testing. 3D distinct element model was developed that represents the linear and nonlinear behavior of the shake table model as closely as possible during experimental tests. Results of numerical analyses with those from the experimental program were compared and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20analysis" title="dynamic analysis">dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20modeling" title=" non-linear modeling"> non-linear modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shake%20table%20tests" title=" shake table tests"> shake table tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry" title=" masonry"> masonry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30824/experimental-and-numerical-analysis-of-mustafa-pasa-mosque-in-skopje" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24925</span> Impact of an Exercise Program on Physical Fitness of a Candidate to Naval Academy: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20Chaves">Ricardo Chaves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Vasconcelos"> Carlos Vasconcelos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Candidates to join the Naval Academy have to take a set of physical tests, which is crucial for a high level of physical fitness. Thus, the planning of physical exercises for candidates to the Naval School must take into account the improvement of their physical fitness. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a 6-month exercise program to improve the physical fitness of an individual who will apply for the Naval Academy. This was a non-experimental pre-post-evaluation study. The patient was male, had 18 years old, and a body mass index of 21.1 kg.m². The patient participated in a 6-month aerobic and strength exercise program (3 sessions per week, 75 minutes duration each session). Physical fitness tests were performed according to the physical fitness requirements for entry into the Naval academy (muscle strength [maximum number of lifts and maximum number of sit-ups for 1 minute]; aerobic fitness [2.4 km run and 200 m swimming test]) before (baseline) and after the exercise intervention (6 months). Regarding muscle strength, in the abdominal test, the improvements between the pre-test (39 abdominals.) and post-test (61 abdominals) were 56.4%. For elevations, there was an increase in its number by 150% between the pre-test (4 elevations) and post-test (10 elevations). With regard to aerobic fitness, in the 2.4 km race, there was an evolution of 32.0% between the pre-test (16.46 min.) and the post-test (12.42 min.). For the 200-meter swimming test, there was a negative variation of 2% between the pre-test (2.25 min.) and post-test (2.28 min). A 6-month aerobic and strength exercise program leads to a positive evolution in the muscular strength of the patient. Regarding aerobic fitness, opposite results were found, with a positive evolution in the 2.4 km running test and a negative evolution in the swimming test. In future exercise programs for the improvement of the physical fitness of candidates for the Naval Academy, more emphasis has to be done on specific swimming training. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise%20program" title=" exercise program"> exercise program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naval%20Academy" title=" Naval Academy"> Naval Academy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title=" physical fitness"> physical fitness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160040/impact-of-an-exercise-program-on-physical-fitness-of-a-candidate-to-naval-academy-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24924</span> Optimization of Cacao Fermentation in Davao Philippines Using Sustainable Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ian%20Marc%20G.%20Cabugsa">Ian Marc G. Cabugsa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Ryan%20Won"> Kim Ryan Won</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kareem%20Mamac"> Kareem Mamac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20Dee"> Manuel Dee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merlita%20Garcia"> Merlita Garcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An optimized cacao fermentation technique was developed for the cacao farmers of Davao City Philippines. Cacao samples with weights ranging from 150-250 kilograms were collected from various cacao farms in Davao City and Zamboanga City Philippines. Different fermentation techniques were used starting with design of the sweat box, prefermentation conditionings, number of days for fermentation and number of turns. As the beans are being fermented, its temperature was regularly monitored using a digital thermometer. The resultant cacao beans were assessed using physical and chemical means. For the physical assessment, the bean cut test, bean count tests, and sensory test were used. Quantification of theobromine, caffeine, and antioxidants in the form of equivalent quercetin was used for chemical assessment. Both the theobromine and caffeine were analyzed using HPLC method while the antioxidant was analyzed spectrometrically. To come up with the best fermentation procedure, the different assessment were given priority coefficients wherein the physical tests – taste test, cut, and bean count tests were given priority over the results of the chemical test. The result of the study was an optimized fermentation protocol that is readily adaptable and transferable to any cacao cooperatives or groups in Mindanao or even Philippines as a whole. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cacao" title="cacao">cacao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPLC" title=" HPLC"> HPLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippines" title=" Philippines"> Philippines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64839/optimization-of-cacao-fermentation-in-davao-philippines-using-sustainable-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24923</span> Modeling of a Pendulum Test Including Skin and Muscles under Compression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Kang">M. J. Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20N.%20Jo"> Y. N. Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20H.%20Yoo"> H. H. Yoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pendulum tests were used to identify a stretch reflex and diagnose spasticity. Some researches tried to make a mathematical model to simulate the motions. Thighs are subject to compressive forces due to gravity during a pendulum test. Therefore, it affects knee trajectories. However, the most studies on the pendulum tests did not consider that conditions. We used Kelvin-Voight model as compression model of skin and muscles. In this study, we investigated viscoelastic behaviors of skin and muscles using gelatin blocks from experiments of the vibration of the compliantly supported beam. Then we calculated a dynamic stiffness and loss factors from the experiment and estimated a damping coefficient of the model. We also did pendulum tests of human lower limbs to validate the stiffness and damping coefficient of a skin model. To simulate the pendulum motion, we derive equations of motion. We used stretch reflex activation model to estimate muscle forces induced by the stretch reflex. To validate the results, we compared the activation with electromyography signals during experiments. The compression behavior of skin and muscles in this study can be applied to analyze sitting posture as wee as developing surgical techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kelvin-Voight%20model" title="Kelvin-Voight model">Kelvin-Voight model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pendulum%20test" title=" pendulum test"> pendulum test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20and%20muscles%20under%20compression" title=" skin and muscles under compression"> skin and muscles under compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stretch%20reflex" title=" stretch reflex"> stretch reflex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32596/modeling-of-a-pendulum-test-including-skin-and-muscles-under-compression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24922</span> Physical Characterization of a Watershed for Correlation with Parameters of Thomas Hydrological Model and Its Application in Iber Hidrodinamic Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Caro">Carlos Caro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernest%20Blade"> Ernest Blade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nestor%20Rojas"> Nestor Rojas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study determined the relationship between basic geo-technical parameters and parameters of the hydro logical model Thomas for water balance of rural watersheds, as a methodological calibration application, applicable in distributed models as IBER model, which represents a distributed system simulation models for unsteady flow numerical free surface. There was an exploration in 25 points (on 15 sub) basin of Rio Piedras (Boy.) obtaining soil samples, to which geo-technical characterization was performed by laboratory tests. Thomas model has a physical characterization of the input area by only four parameters (a, b, c, d). Achieve measurable relationship between geo technical parameters and 4 values of hydro logical parameters helps to determine subsurface, underground and surface flow more agile manner. It is intended in this way to reach some solutions regarding limits initial model parameters on the basis of Thomas geo-technical characterization. In hydro geological models of rural watersheds, calibration is an important process in the characterization of the study area. This step can require a significant computational cost and time, especially if the initial values or parameters before calibration are outside of the geo-technical reality. A better approach in these initial values means optimization of these process through a geo-technical materials area, where is obtained an important approach to the study as in the starting range of variation for the calibration parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20hydrology" title="distributed hydrology">distributed hydrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrological%20and%20geotechnical%20characterization" title=" hydrological and geotechnical characterization"> hydrological and geotechnical characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iber%20model" title=" Iber model"> Iber model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12863/physical-characterization-of-a-watershed-for-correlation-with-parameters-of-thomas-hydrological-model-and-its-application-in-iber-hidrodinamic-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24921</span> Physical Activity, Exercise and Physical Fitness in Different Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carl%20J.%20Caspersen">Carl J. Caspersen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20E.%20Powell"> Kenneth E. Powell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gregory%20M.%20Christenson"> Gregory M. Christenson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirupa%20V.%20Patel"> Kirupa V. Patel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ‘Physical activity’, ‘exercise’, and ‘physical fitness’ are terms that describe different concepts. However, they are often confused with one another, and the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. This paper proposes definitions to distinguish them. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that result in energy expenditure. The energy expenditure can be measured in kilocalories. Physical activity in daily life can be categorized into occupational, sports, Conditioning, household, or other activities. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness. Physical fitness is a set of attributes that are either health- or skill-related. The degree to which people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests. These definitions are offered as an interpretational framework for comparing studies that relate physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness to health. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that require energy expenditure. Physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality causing an estimated 3.2 million deaths globally. Regular moderate intensity physical activity – such as walking, cycling, or participating in sports – has significant benefits for health. For instance, it can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, colon and breast cancer, and depression. Moreover, adequate levels of physical activity will decrease the risk of a hip or vertebral fracture and help control weight. Any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle that increases energy expenditure above a basal level. In these guidelines, physical activity generally refers to the subset of physical activity that enhances health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title="physical activity">physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise" title=" exercise"> exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title=" physical fitness"> physical fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports" title=" sports"> sports</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58966/physical-activity-exercise-and-physical-fitness-in-different-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24920</span> Engineering Parameters and Classification of Marly Soils of Tabriz</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirali%20Mahouti">Amirali Mahouti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hooshang%20Katebi"> Hooshang Katebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enlargement of Tabriz metropolis to the east and north-east caused urban construction to be built on Marl layers and because of increase in excavations depth, further information of this layer is inescapable. Looking at geotechnical investigation shows there is not enough information about Tabriz Marl and this soil has been classified only by color. Tabriz Marl is lacustrine carbonate sediment outcrops, surrounds eastern, northern and southern region of city in the East Azerbaijan Province of Iran and is known as bed rock of city under alluvium sediments. This investigation aims to characterize geotechnical parameters of this soil to identify and set it in classification system of carbonated soils. For this purpose, specimens obtained from 80 locations over the city and subjected to physical and mechanical tests, such as Atterberg limits, density, moisture content, unconfined compression, direct shear and consolidation. CaCO3 content, organic content, PH, XRD, XRF, TGA and geophysical downhole tests also have been done on some of them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonated%20soils" title="carbonated soils">carbonated soils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20of%20soils" title=" classification of soils"> classification of soils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogy" title=" mineralogy"> mineralogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20and%20mechanical%20tests%20for%20Marls" title=" physical and mechanical tests for Marls"> physical and mechanical tests for Marls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabriz%20Marl" title=" Tabriz Marl"> Tabriz Marl</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49510/engineering-parameters-and-classification-of-marly-soils-of-tabriz" 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