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</button> <ul id="toc-Military_action-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 International law </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forces_involved" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forces_involved"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Forces involved </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forces_involved-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strikes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strikes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Strikes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strikes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Aftermath </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statements_and_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statements_and_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Statements and reactions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Statements_and_reactions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Statements and reactions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Statements_and_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Domestic_reaction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_reaction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Domestic reaction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_reaction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belligerent_nations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belligerent_nations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Belligerent nations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belligerent_nations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syrian-allied_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syrian-allied_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Syrian-allied states </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syrian-allied_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_NATO_member_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_NATO_member_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Other NATO member states </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_NATO_member_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supranational_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supranational_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Supranational organizations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supranational_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-state_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-state_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Non-state organizations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-state_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 Religious organizations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_opposition_in_the_West" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_opposition_in_the_West"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.8 Public opposition in the West </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_opposition_in_the_West-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">April 2018 missile strikes against Syria</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" > 23 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_2018" title="الهجمات الصاروخية على سوريا 2018 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الهجمات الصاروخية على سوريا 2018" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96_%D1%9E_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83_2018_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Ракетны ўдар па Сірыі ў красавіку 2018 года – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ракетны ўдар па Сірыі ў красавіку 2018 года" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_Dama%C5%A1ku_a_Homsu_v_dubnu_2018" title="Bombardování Damašku a Homsu v dubnu 2018 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bombardování Damašku a Homsu v dubnu 2018" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luftangriff_auf_Damaskus_und_Homs" title="Luftangriff auf Damaskus und Homs – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Luftangriff auf Damaskus und Homs" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018._aasta_%C3%B5hu-_ja_raketir%C3%BCnnak_Damaskuses_ja_Homsis" title="2018. aasta õhu- ja raketirünnak Damaskuses ja Homsis – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="2018. aasta õhu- ja raketirünnak Damaskuses ja Homsis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardeos_de_Damasco_y_Homs" title="Bombardeos de Damasco y Homs – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bombardeos de Damasco y Homs" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018ko_Damasko_eta_Homsen_bonbardaketa" title="2018ko Damasko eta Homsen bonbardaketa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="2018ko Damasko eta Homsen bonbardaketa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82_%D9%88_%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B5_(%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B8)" title="بمباران دمشق و حمص (۲۰۱۸) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بمباران دمشق و حمص (۲۰۱۸)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardements_de_Barz%C3%A9_et_de_Him_Shinshar" title="Bombardements de Barzé et de Him Shinshar – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bombardements de Barzé et de Him Shinshar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018%EB%85%84_%EB%8B%A4%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%BF%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B0%8F_%ED%99%88%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B3%B5%EC%8A%B5" title="2018년 다마스쿠스 및 홈스 공습 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="2018년 다마스쿠스 및 홈스 공습" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%A8_%D5%8D%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_2018_%D5%A9%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Կոալիցիայի հարվածը Սիրիային 2018 թվականի ապրիլին – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոալիցիայի հարվածը Սիրիային 2018 թվականի ապրիլին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_-_2018" title="दमिश्क और होम्स पर अमेरिकी मिसाइल हमला - 2018 – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दमिश्क और होम्स पर अमेरिकी मिसाइल हमला - 2018" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengeboman_Damaskus_dan_Homs_2018" title="Pengeboman Damaskus dan Homs 2018 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pengeboman Damaskus dan Homs 2018" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardamenti_di_Damasco_e_di_Homs" title="Bombardamenti di Damasco e di Homs – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bombardamenti di Damasco e di Homs" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A7_%D7%95%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A1_(2018)" title="המתקפה המשולבת על דמשק וחומס (2018) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המתקפה המשולבת על דמשק וחומס (2018)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atak_pociskami_manewruj%C4%85cymi_na_Damaszek_i_Hims_(2018)" title="Atak pociskami manewrującymi na Damaszek i Hims (2018) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Atak pociskami manewrującymi na Damaszek i Hims (2018)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardeio_de_Damasco_e_Homs_em_2018" title="Bombardeio de Damasco e Homs em 2018 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bombardeio de Damasco e Homs em 2018" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5_2018_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Удар коалиции по Сирии в апреле 2018 года – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Удар коалиции по Сирии в апреле 2018 года" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_bombing_of_Damascus_and_Homs" title="2018 bombing of Damascus and Homs – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="2018 bombing of Damascus and Homs" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2561" title="การทิ้งระเบิดดามัสกัสและฮอมส์ พ.ศ. 2561 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การทิ้งระเบิดดามัสกัสและฮอมส์ พ.ศ. 2561" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83_%D1%96_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%83_(2018)" title="Ракетний удар по Дамаску і Хомсу (2018) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ракетний удар по Дамаску і Хомсу (2018)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9m_bom_Damascus_v%C3%A0_Homs_2018" title="Ném bom Damascus và Homs 2018 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ném bom Damascus và Homs 2018" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">2018 missile strikes against Syria</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_attacks_on_Syria_during_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States attacks on Syria during the Syrian Civil War">US attacks against Syria</a>, the <a href="/wiki/American-led_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="American-led intervention in the Syrian Civil War">American-led intervention in the Syrian Civil War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War">foreign involvement</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/File:US_DoD_April_2018_attack_on_Syria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/US_DoD_April_2018_attack_on_Syria.jpg/300px-US_DoD_April_2018_attack_on_Syria.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/US_DoD_April_2018_attack_on_Syria.jpg/450px-US_DoD_April_2018_attack_on_Syria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/US_DoD_April_2018_attack_on_Syria.jpg/600px-US_DoD_April_2018_attack_on_Syria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="2025" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">A map of the attack sites, according to the US Department of Defense</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Planned by</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Commanded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_France_%281976%E2%80%932020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Objective</th><td class="infobox-data">Degrade Syria's facilities for production of chemical weapons and deter their use<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-UKGovLegalPosition-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">14 April 2018</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Executed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/35px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ensign_of_France.svg/45px-Ensign_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Outcome</th><td class="infobox-data">All targets either destroyed or severely damaged (US claim) Minimal damage (Syrian claim)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Casualties</th><td class="infobox-data">6 soldiers and 3 civilians injured (Syrian government claim)<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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<li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2022)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2022)">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2023)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2023)">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2024)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2024)">2024</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Background_and_causes_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Background and causes of the Syrian civil war">Background and causes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Casualties of the Syrian civil war">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_cities_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Control of cities during the Syrian civil war">Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Syrian_Civil_War_detailed_map" title="Template:Syrian Civil War detailed map">map</a></li></ul></li> <li><a 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Daraa">Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baniyas" title="Siege of Baniyas">Baniyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Homs" title="Siege of Homs">Homs (May–August 2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Talkalakh_(May_2011)" title="Siege of Talkalakh (May 2011)">Talkalakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rastan_and_Talbiseh" title="Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh">Rastan and Talbiseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2011_Jisr_ash-Shughur_clashes" title="June 2011 Jisr ash-Shughur clashes">1st Jisr ash-Shughur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_operation" title="Summer 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya operation">1st Jabal al-Zawiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hama_(2011)" title="Siege of Hama (2011)">Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Latakia" title="Siege of Latakia">Latakia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox early insurgency phase of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Start_of_insurgency_(Sept._2011_–_April_2012)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war">Start of insurgency</a> (Sept. 2011 – April 2012)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Homs" title="Siege of Homs">Homs (2011–14)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Homs_offensive" title="2012 Homs offensive">Homs offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (September 2011 – March 2012)">1st Idlib Gov.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clash" title="December 2011 Syrian–Turkish border clash">Syrian–Turkish border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_massacres" title="December 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya massacres">Jabal al-Zawiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2012)" title="Battle of Idlib (2012)">1st Idlib City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saraqib" title="Battle of Saraqib">Saraqeb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(2011)" title="Battle of Rastan (2011)">1st Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_Governorate_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932012)" title="Hama Governorate clashes (2011–2012)">Hama Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayrat_and_Tiyas_airbase_ambush" title="Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush">Shayrat & Tiyas ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_Governorate_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Daraa Governorate clashes (2011–2013)">Daraa Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_clashes_(November_2011%E2%80%93March_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq clashes (November 2011–March 2012)">1st Rif Dimashq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zabadani_(2012)" title="Battle of Zabadani (2012)">1st Zabadani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Douma" title="Battle of Douma">Douma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)">Deir ez-Zor (2011–2014)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hatla_massacre" title="Hatla massacre">Hatla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Aleppo_Governorate_clashes" title="2012 Aleppo Governorate clashes">Aleppo Gov.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Azaz_(2012)" title="Battle of Azaz (2012)">Azaz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(January%E2%80%93February_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (January–February 2012)">2nd Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2012)">1st al-Qusayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">2nd Idlib Gov.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taftanaz" title="Battle of Taftanaz">Taftanaz</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_cease-fire_period_and_start_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox cease-fire period and start of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_cease-fire_period_and_start_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox cease-fire period and start of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_cease-fire_period_and_start_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox cease-fire period and start of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="UN_ceasefire;_Rebel_advances_(May_2012_–_Dec._2013)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan">UN ceasefire</a>; <a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%932013_escalation_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="2012–2013 escalation of the Syrian civil war">Rebel advances</a> (May 2012 – Dec. 2013)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(May_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (May 2012)">3rd Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houla_massacre" title="Houla massacre">Houla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Northern_Homs" title="Siege of Northern Homs">Northern Homs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Haffah" title="Battle of al-Haffah">Al-Haffah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qubeir_massacre" title="Al-Qubeir massacre">Al-Qubeir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tremseh" title="Battle of Tremseh">Al-Tremseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2012%E2%80%93April_2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2012–April 2013)">3rd Idlib Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Damascus_(2012)" title="Battle of Damascus (2012)">1st Damascus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18_July_2012_Damascus_bombing" title="18 July 2012 Damascus bombing">Bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2012%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)">Aleppo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anadan" title="Battle of Anadan">Anadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Menagh_Air_Base" title="Siege of Menagh Air Base">Menagh Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Base_46" title="Siege of Base 46">Base 46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_massacre" title="Khan al-Assal massacre">Khan al-Assal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2013)">1st Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Canopus_Star" title="Operation Canopus Star">2nd Aleppo offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Syrian Kurdistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rojava%E2%80%93Islamist_conflict" title="Rojava–Islamist conflict">Kurdish–Islamist conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_Governorate_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932014)" title="Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2014)">Hasaka campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_al-Ayn_(2012%E2%80%9313)" title="Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2012–13)">Ras al-Ayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Yaarubiyah" title="Battle of al-Yaarubiyah">al-Yaarubiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Hamis_and_Tell_Brak_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (2013–2014)">Tell Hamis and Tell Brak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2013)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2013)">Tell Abyad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nubl_and_al-Zahraa" title="Siege of Nubl and al-Zahraa">Nubl & Al-Zahraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93October_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–October 2012)">2nd Rif Dimashq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Darayya_massacre" title="Darayya massacre">1st Darayya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Abu_al-Duhur_Airbase" title="Siege of Abu al-Duhur Airbase">Abu al-Duhur Airbase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_Governorate_clashes_(2012%E2%80%932014)" title="Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–2014)">Quneitra Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)">3rd Rif Dimashq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yarmouk_Camp_(December_2012)" title="Battle of Yarmouk Camp (December 2012)">1st Yarmouk camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">2nd Darayya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Darayya_and_Muadamiyat" title="Siege of Darayya and Muadamiyat">Darayya & Muadamiyat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqrab_massacre" title="Aqrab massacre">Aqrab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Hama_offensive" title="2012 Hama offensive">1st Hama offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halfaya_massacre_(2012)" title="Halfaya massacre (2012)">Halfaya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Safira" title="Battle of Safira">1st Safira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaddadi_(2013)" title="Battle of Shaddadi (2013)">Shadadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_offensive_(2013)" title="Damascus offensive (2013)">2nd Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)">1st Raqqa campaign</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2013)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2013)">1st Raqqa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Daraa_offensive" title="2013 Daraa offensive">1st Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(March%E2%80%93August_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013)">4th Rif Dimashq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jdaidet_al-Fadl" title="Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl">Jdaidet al-Fadl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadamon_massacre" title="Tadamon massacre">Tadamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghouta_chemical_attack" title="Ghouta chemical attack">Ghouta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qusayr_offensive" title="Al-Qusayr offensive">Al-Qusayr offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)">2nd al-Qusayr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eastern_Ghouta" title="Siege of Eastern Ghouta">Eastern Ghouta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Hama_offensive" title="2013 Hama offensive">2nd Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayda_and_Baniyas_massacres" title="Bayda and Baniyas massacres">Bayda and Baniyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Latakia_offensive" title="2013 Latakia offensive">1st Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maaloula" title="Battle of Maaloula">Ma'loula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sadad" title="Battle of Sadad">Sadad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September–November 2013)">5th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qalamoun_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Battle of Qalamoun (2013–2014)">1st Qalamoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adra_massacre" title="Adra massacre">Adra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_rise_of_the_Islamists_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox rise of the Islamists in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_rise_of_the_Islamists_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox rise of the Islamists in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_rise_of_the_Islamists_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox rise of the Islamists in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rise_of_ISIS_in_2014" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Rise of ISIS</a> in <a href="/wiki/2014_in_Syria" title="2014 in Syria">2014</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Inter-rebel conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February–July 2014)">Northern Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Markada" title="Battle of Markada">Markada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(April%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (April–July 2014)">1st Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Otaiba_ambush" title="Al-Otaiba ambush">al-Otaiba ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maan_massacre" title="Maan massacre">Maan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hosn" title="Battle of Hosn">Hosn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morek" title="Battle of Morek">Morek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93May_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (February–May 2014)">2nd Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Latakia_offensive" title="2014 Latakia offensive">2nd Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Idlib_offensive" title="2014 Idlib offensive">4th Idlib Gov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Malihah" title="Battle of Al-Malihah">Al-Malihah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2014)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2014)">2nd Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2014)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2014)">2nd Qalamoun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsal_(2014)" title="Battle of Arsal (2014)">Arsal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Deir_ez-Zor_(2014%E2%80%932017)" title="Siege of Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017)">Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(July_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (July 2014)">1st Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Eastern_Syria_offensive" title="2014 Eastern Syria offensive">1st Eastern Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa_Airbase" title="Battle of Tabqa Airbase">Tabqa Airbase</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hama_offensive" title="2014 Hama offensive">3rd Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–November 2014)">6th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Quneitra_offensive" title="2014 Quneitra offensive">1st Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Koban%C3%AE" title="Siege of Kobanî">Kobanî</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_intervention_against_ISIL_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox intervention against ISIL in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_intervention_against_ISIL_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox intervention against ISIL in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_intervention_against_ISIL_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox intervention against ISIL in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S.-led_intervention,_Rebel_and_ISIL_advances_(Sept._2014_–_Sept._2015)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American-led_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="American-led intervention in the Syrian civil war">U.S.-led intervention</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93June_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–June 2015)">Rebel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (May 2015)">ISIL advances</a> (Sept. 2014 – Sept. 2015)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American-led_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="American-led intervention in the Syrian civil war">U.S.-led intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_school_bombing" title="Homs school bombing">Homs school bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(October_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (October 2014)">3rd Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Al-Safira_offensive" title="2014 Al-Safira offensive">2nd Safira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_raid_on_Idlib_city" title="2014 raid on Idlib city">2014 Idlib city raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front%E2%80%93SRF/Hazzm_Movement_conflict" title="Al-Nusra Front–SRF/Hazzm Movement conflict">Nusra–FSA conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(October%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (October–November 2014)">2nd Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2014)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2014)">1st Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(December_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (December 2014)">2nd Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rainbow_(Syrian_civil_war)" title="Operation Rainbow (Syrian civil war)">3rd Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Syrian_Air_Force_An-26_crash" title="2015 Syrian Air Force An-26 crash">An-26 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(January_2015)" title="Daraa offensive (January 2015)">4th Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2015 Southern Syria offensive">Southern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Eastern al-Hasakah offensive">Eastern al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(March%E2%80%93April_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (March–April 2015)">1st Sarrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_and_Homs_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2015)" title="Hama and Homs offensive (March–April 2015)">Hama/Homs offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosra_(2015)" title="Battle of Bosra (2015)">Bosra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Idlib_offensive" title="2015 Idlib offensive">5th Idlib Gov</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2015)" title="Battle of Idlib (2015)">2nd Idlib city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_al-Fu%27ah_and_Kafriya" title="Siege of al-Fu'ah and Kafriya">Al-Fu'ah-Kafriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nasib_Border_Crossing" title="Battle of Nasib Border Crossing">Nasib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yarmouk_Camp_(2015)" title="Battle of Yarmouk Camp (2015)">2nd Yarmouk camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93June_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–June 2015)">1st Northwestern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(May%E2%80%93June_2015)" title="Qalamoun offensive (May–June 2015)">3rd Qalamoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (May 2015)">1st Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Western al-Hasakah offensive">Western al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_city_offensive" title="Al-Hasakah city offensive">1st Al-Hasakah city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Abyad_offensive" title="Tell Abyad offensive">Tell Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_and_As-Suwayda_offensive_(June_2015)" title="Daraa and As-Suwayda offensive (June 2015)">Daraa/As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2015)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2015)">2nd Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(June%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (June–July 2015)">2nd Sarrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(June%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Daraa offensive (June–July 2015)">5th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2015)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2015)">2nd Al-Hasakah city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AE_massacre" title="Kobanî massacre">2nd Kobanî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(July_2015)" title="Aleppo offensive (July 2015)">4th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zabadani_(2015)" title="Battle of Zabadani (2015)">2nd Zabadani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (July–August 2015)">2nd Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ghab_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2015)" title="Al-Ghab offensive (July–August 2015)">Al-Ghab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qaryatayn_(2015)" title="Battle of al-Qaryatayn (2015)">1st al-Qaryatayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douma_massacre_(2015)" title="Douma massacre (2015)">Douma market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September_2015)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September 2015)">7th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuweires_offensive" title="Kuweires offensive">Kuweires offensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Russian intervention in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Russian intervention in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Russian intervention in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_intervention_(Sept._2015_–_March_2016)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a> (Sept. 2015 – March 2016)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(October_2015)" title="Quneitra offensive (October 2015)">3rd Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (October–November 2015)">2nd Northwestern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_Latakia_offensive" title="2015–2016 Latakia offensive">3rd Latakia offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">Su-24 shootdown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2015)">5th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_al-Hawl_offensive" title="2015 al-Hawl offensive">al-Hawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Homs offensive (November–December 2015)">Homs offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)">6th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Hama_offensive" title="2015 Hama offensive">4th Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Tamer_bombings" title="Tell Tamer bombings">Tell Tamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tishrin_Dam_offensive" title="Tishrin Dam offensive">Tishrin Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2015–2016)">2nd Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Qamishli_bombings" title="2015 Qamishli bombings">al-Qamishli bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orontes_River_offensive" title="Orontes River offensive">Orontes River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2016)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2016)">3rd Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">1st Sayyidah Zaynab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February 2016)">7th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93March_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (February–March 2016)">1st Ithriyah-Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shaddadi_offensive_(2016)" title="Al-Shaddadi offensive (2016)">Al-Shaddadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Homs_bombings" title="February 2016 Homs bombings">Homs bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">2nd Sayyidah Zaynab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Khanasir_offensive" title="2016 Khanasir offensive">Khanasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2016)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2016)">2nd Tel Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Tanf_offensive_(2016)" title="Al-Tanf offensive (2016)">Al-Tanf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qaryatayn_(2016)" title="Battle of al-Qaryatayn (2016)">2nd Al-Qaryatayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(March_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (March 2016)">3rd Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarat_al-Numan_(2016)" title="Battle of Maarat al-Numan (2016)">2nd Maarat al-Nu'man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Aleppo_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Aleppo escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Aleppo_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Aleppo escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Aleppo_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Aleppo escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aleppo_escalation_and_Euphrates_Shield_(March_2016_–_February_2017)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2012%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)">Aleppo escalation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Euphrates Shield</a> (March 2016 – February 2017)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(March%E2%80%93June_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)">8th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2016)" title="Daraa offensive (March–April 2016)">6th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Southern_Aleppo_campaign" title="2016 Southern Aleppo campaign">9th–11th Aleppo offensives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Dumayr_offensive_(April_2016)" title="Al-Dumayr offensive (April 2016)">Al-Dumayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2016)">1st East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2016)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2016)">1st Qamishli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_bombings_(April%E2%80%93July_2016)" title="Aleppo bombings (April–July 2016)">Aleppo bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (April–May 2016)">8th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(2016)" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (2016)">3rd Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Raqqa_offensive" title="Northern Raqqa offensive">Northern Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Jableh_and_Tartus_bombings" title="May 2016 Jableh and Tartus bombings">Jableh & Tartus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manbij_offensive" title="Manbij offensive">Manbij</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokhar_airstrike" title="Tokhar airstrike">Tokhar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(June_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (June 2016)">2nd Ithriyah-Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(June%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (June–October 2016)">9th Rif Dimashq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Aleppo_summer_campaign" title="2016 Aleppo summer campaign">12th–14th Aleppo offensives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(June%E2%80%93July_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (June–July 2016)">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (July–August 2016)">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(August%E2%80%93September_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (August–September 2016)">14th</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Latakia_offensive" title="2016 Latakia offensive">4th Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Abu_Kamal_offensive" title="2016 Abu Kamal offensive">1st Abu Kamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2016_Qamishli_bombings" title="July 2016 Qamishli bombings">3rd Qamishli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Atmeh_attack" title="2016 Atmeh attack">Atmeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Rai_(August_2016)" title="Battle of al-Rai (August 2016)">al-Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2016)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2016)">3rd Al-Hasakah City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Operation Euphrates Shield</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_al-Bab_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Northern al-Bab offensive (September 2016)">Northern al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Dabiq_offensive" title="2016 Dabiq offensive">Dabiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Bab" title="Battle of al-Bab">al-Bab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Hama_offensive" title="2016 Hama offensive">5th Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (September 2016)">1st Western al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Qalamoun_offensive_(September%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Eastern Qalamoun offensive (September–October 2016)">1st Eastern Qalamoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_September_2016_Syria_bombings" title="5 September 2016 Syria bombings">September bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Quneitra offensive (September 2016)">4th Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Deir_ez-Zor_air_raid" title="September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid">Deir ez-Zor airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Urum_al-Kubra_aid_convoy_attack" title="September 2016 Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack">Aleppo aid convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(September%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (September–October 2016)">15th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Shih_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Khan al-Shih offensive (October–November 2016)">Khan al-Shih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2016_Idlib_Governorate_clashes" title="October 2016 Idlib Governorate clashes">1st Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (October–November 2016)">2nd Western al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–November 2016)">16th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Raqqa campaign (2016–2017)">2nd Raqqa campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)">17th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(December_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (December 2016)">4th Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Barada_offensive_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)">Wadi Barada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2016%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2016–April 2017)">1st Syrian Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2017_Azaz_bombing" title="January 2017 Azaz bombing">Azaz bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(2017)" title="Palmyra offensive (2017)">5th Palmyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (January–February 2017)">4th Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2017)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2017)">18th Aleppo offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(January%E2%80%93March_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (January–March 2017)">2nd Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (February–June 2017)">7th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaboun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qaboun offensive (2017)">Qaboun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Daraa_offensive_(February_2017)" title="Southwestern Daraa offensive (February 2017)">8th Daraa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Collapse_of_Islamic_State_in_Syria" title="Template:Campaignbox Collapse of Islamic State in Syria"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Collapse_of_Islamic_State_in_Syria" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Collapse of Islamic State in Syria"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Collapse_of_Islamic_State_in_Syria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Collapse of Islamic State in Syria"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Collapse_of_ISIS_in_Syria_(2017)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Collapse of <a href="/wiki/ISIS" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIS">ISIS</a> in Syria (<a href="/wiki/2017_in_Syria" title="2017 in Syria">2017</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Homs_offensive_(2017)" title="Eastern Homs offensive (2017)">Eastern Homs offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_al-Jinah_airstrike" title="2017 al-Jinah airstrike">al-Jina mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Hama offensive (March–April 2017)">6th Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa" title="Battle of Tabqa">Tabqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun_chemical_attack" title="Khan Shaykhun chemical attack">Khan Shaykhun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">US Shayrat strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aleppo_suicide_car_bombing" title="2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing">Aleppo bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq" title="April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq">April 2017 Turkish airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2017)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)">2nd East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(May%E2%80%93July_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (May–July 2017)">2nd Syrian Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maskanah_Plains_offensive" title="Maskanah Plains offensive">Maskanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Hama_offensive_(2017)" title="East Hama offensive (2017)">East Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2017)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2017)">2nd Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (June 2017)">9th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Southern_Raqqa_offensive" title="2017 Southern Raqqa offensive">Southern Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laylat_al-Qadr" title="Operation Laylat al-Qadr">Iranian Deir ez-Zor strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27Din_shootdown_incident" title="Ja'Din shootdown incident">Ja'din</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Jobar_offensive" title="2017 Jobar offensive">Jobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2017)">5th Quneitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Syria_campaign" title="Central Syria campaign">Central Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(July_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (July 2017)">3rd Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">4th Qalamoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_campaign_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019)">Deir ez-Zor (2017–2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Syria_campaign_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Syria campaign (September–December 2017)">2nd Eastern Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (September–November 2017)">Deir ez-Zor city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphrates_Crossing_offensive_(2017)" title="Euphrates Crossing offensive (2017)">Euphrates Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Mayadin_offensive" title="2017 Mayadin offensive">Mayadin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Abu_Kamal_offensive" title="2017 Abu Kamal offensive">2nd Abu Kamal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(September_2017)" title="Hama offensive (September 2017)">7th Hama offensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Idlib escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Idlib_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Idlib escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_escalation_period_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Idlib escalation period in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rebels_in_retreat_and_Operation_Olive_Branch(Nov._2017_–_Sep._2018)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Rebels in retreat and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Operation Olive Branch</a> (Nov. 2017 – Sep. 2018)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_campaign_(October_2017%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Northwestern Syria campaign (October 2017–February 2018)">3rd Northwestern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Syria_insurgency" title="Eastern Syria insurgency">Eastern Syria insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atarib_market_massacre" title="Atarib market massacre">Atarib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harasta_(2017%E2%80%932018)" title="Battle of Harasta (2017–2018)">Harasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Jinn_offensive" title="Beit Jinn offensive">Beit Jinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">3rd Syrian Desert</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2018)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2018)">5th Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (January–February 2018)">1st Southern Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Olive Branch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrin_offensive_(January%E2%80%93March_2018)" title="Afrin offensive (January–March 2018)">Afrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDF_insurgency_in_Northern_Aleppo" class="mw-redirect" title="SDF insurgency in Northern Aleppo">SDF insurgency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khasham" title="Battle of Khasham">Khasham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">Feb 2018 Israel–Syria incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(February%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)">10th Rif Dimashq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Douma_chemical_attack" title="Douma chemical attack">Douma</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Liberation_Front%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">4th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(March_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (March 2018)">2nd Southern Damascus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">U.S.-led missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Homs_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Northern Homs offensive (April–May 2018)">Northern Homs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Qalamoun_offensive_(April_2018)" title="Eastern Qalamoun offensive (April 2018)">2nd Eastern Qalamoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (April–May 2018)">3rd Southern Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_Governorate_clashes" title="Deir ez-Zor Governorate clashes">Deir ez-Zor SAA-SDF clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">House of Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(June_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (June 2018)">1st As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2018 Southern Syria offensive">2nd Southern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_As-Suwayda_attacks" title="2018 As-Suwayda attacks">2nd As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (August–November 2018)">3rd As-Suwayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamishli_clashes_(2018)" title="Qamishli clashes (2018)">2nd Qamishli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_demilitarization_and_frozen_conflict" title="Template:Campaignbox Idlib demilitarization and frozen conflict"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Idlib_demilitarization_and_frozen_conflict" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Idlib demilitarization and frozen conflict"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_demilitarization_and_frozen_conflict" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Idlib demilitarization and frozen conflict"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Idlib_demilitarization(Sep._2018_–_April_2019)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Idlib demilitarization</a> (Sep. 2018 – April 2019)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Idlib demilitarization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">5th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(September_2018)" title="Syria missile strikes (September 2018)">Sep. 2018 missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahvaz_military_parade_attack#Retaliatory_missile_and_drone_strikes" title="Ahvaz military parade attack">Iranian Eastern Euphrates strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian-Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Syrian-Turkish border clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_insurgency" title="Daraa insurgency">Daraa insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Manbij_bombing" title="2019 Manbij bombing">Manbij bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baghuz_Fawqani" title="Battle of Baghuz Fawqani">Baghuz Fawqani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_U.S._airstrike_in_Baghuz" title="2019 U.S. airstrike in Baghuz">U.S. airstrike</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Failure_of_the_demilitarization_and_renewed_fighting" title="Template:Campaignbox Failure of the demilitarization and renewed fighting"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Failure_of_the_demilitarization_and_renewed_fighting" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Failure of the demilitarization and renewed fighting"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Failure_of_the_demilitarization_and_renewed_fighting" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Failure of the demilitarization and renewed fighting"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_Idlib_offensive,_Operation_Peace_Spring,_&amp;_Second_Idlib_offensive_(April_2019_–_March_2020)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)">First Idlib offensive</a>, <a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Operation Peace Spring</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)">Second Idlib offensive</a> (April 2019 – March 2020)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)">4th Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Tell_Rifaat_clashes" title="2019 Tell Rifaat clashes">Tell Rifaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2019_Syria_bombings" title="June 2019 Syria bombings">Raqqa & Azaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hass_refugee_camp_bombing" title="Hass refugee camp bombing">Hass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(August_2019)" title="Syria missile strikes (August 2019)">2nd Israeli missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Peace Spring</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_al-Ayn_(2019)" title="Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2019)">2nd Ras al-Ayn</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Kayla Mueller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Syria_bombings" title="November 2019 Syria bombings">Northern bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Israeli_missile_strikes_in_Syria" title="November 2019 Israeli missile strikes in Syria">3rd Israeli missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qah_missile_strike" title="Qah missile strike">Qah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)">5th Northwestern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Balyun_airstrikes" title="2020 Balyun airstrikes">Balyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield" title="Operation Spring Shield">Spring Shield</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">2nd U.S. missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2020_Daraa_clashes" title="March 2020 Daraa clashes">10th Daraa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_ceasefire" title="Template:Campaignbox Idlib ceasefire"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Idlib_ceasefire" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Idlib ceasefire"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Idlib_ceasefire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Idlib ceasefire"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Idlib_ceasefire_(March_2020_–_present)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Idlib ceasefire (March 2020 – present)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)">6th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Ayn_Issa_clashes" title="2020–2021 Ayn Issa clashes">Ayn Issa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Qamishli_and_Al-Hasakah" title="Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah">Qamishli & Al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(January_2021)" title="Syria missile strikes (January 2021)">4th Israeli missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2021)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2021)">3rd Qamishli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Daraa_offensive" title="2021 Daraa offensive">11th Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham%E2%80%93Junud_al-Sham_conflict" title="Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict">7th Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2022)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2022)">3rd Al-Hasakah city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ahrar_al-Sham%E2%80%93Levant_Front_clashes" title="2022 Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes">1st Aleppo inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jabal_al-Bishr%C4%AB_clashes" title="2022 Jabal al-Bishrī clashes">Jabal al-Bishrī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_clashes_(October_2022)" title="Northern Aleppo clashes (October 2022)">2nd Aleppo inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Claw-Sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_clashes_(December_2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022–present)">Northwestern clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2023_northeastern_Syria_clashes" title="March 2023 northeastern Syria clashes">3rd U.S. missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2023_Northeastern_Syria_clashes" title="June 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes">2nd Northern clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_clashes_(2023)" title="Deir ez-Zor clashes (2023)">Deir ez-Zor (2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2023_Northern_Syria_clashes" title="October 2023 Northern Syria clashes">3rd Northern clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Homs_drone_strike" title="2023 Homs drone strike">Homs drone strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel-Hezbollah_conflict_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel-Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)">Israel–Hezbollah conflict</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iranian_consulate_airstrike_in_Damascus" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian consulate airstrike in Damascus">Iranian consulate airstrike</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2024_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="February 2024 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">February 2024 airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_anti-Turkish_riots_in_Syria" title="2024 anti-Turkish riots in Syria">Anti-Turkish riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Aleppo_offensive_(2024)" title="Northwestern Aleppo offensive (2024)">Northwestern Aleppo offensive (2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Spillover of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Spillover of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Spillover of the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Syrian_War_spillover_and_international_incidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war">Syrian War spillover and international incidents</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Lebanon spillover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Syria_border_clashes" title="Lebanon–Syria border clashes">Lebanese–Syrian border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sidon_clash" title="2013 Sidon clash">Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Iranian_embassy_bombing_in_Beirut" title="2013 Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut">Iranian embassy bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Lebanon_clashes_(2014)" title="North Lebanon clashes (2014)">North Lebanon clashes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war">Syrian–Turkish border incidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Turkish_F-4_Phantom_shootdown" title="2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown">Turkish F4 shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Reyhanl%C4%B1_car_bombings" title="2013 Reyhanlı car bombings">Reyhanlı bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria">Turkish occupation of northern Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Koban%C3%AE_protests" title="2014 Kobanî protests">Kurdish riots</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">Jordanian–Syrian border incidents</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Syrian_ceasefire_line_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents during the Syrian civil war">Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">February 2018 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">May 2018 incident</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Iraq_(2013%E2%80%932017)" title="War in Iraq (2013–2017)">Iraqi–Syrian border incidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashat_ambush" title="Akashat ambush">Akashat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_al-Shabah" title="Operation al-Shabah">al-Shabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Nineveh_offensive_(2017)" title="Western Nineveh offensive (2017)">Western Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Western_Iraq_campaign" title="2017 Western Iraq campaign">Western Iraq</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Spillover in Iran <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Tehran_attacks" title="2017 Tehran attacks">2017 Tehran attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laylat_al-Qadr" title="Operation Laylat al-Qadr">2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Erbil_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Erbil attack">2024 Iranian airstrikes in Syria</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Islamic_State_conflict" title="Turkey–Islamic State conflict">Spillover in Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">Russian Su-24 shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Andrei_Karlov" title="Assassination of Andrei Karlov">Andrei Karlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Balyun_airstrikes" title="2020 Balyun airstrikes">Balyun airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Kafr_Takharim_airstrike" title="2020 Kafr Takharim airstrike">Kafr Takharim airstrikes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a></li></ul> <hr /> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism_in_Europe" title="Islamic terrorism in Europe">Spillover in Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25em;margin-bottom:0.5em;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Foreign intervention on behalf of Syrian Arab Republic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iranian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Iranian intervention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laylat_al-Qadr" title="Operation Laylat al-Qadr">2017 missile strike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian civil war">2012 Hezbollah involvement</a></li></ul> Foreign intervention in behalf of Syrian rebels <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_fighters_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war">Foreign rebel fighters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkish involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Islamic_State_conflict" title="Turkey–Islamic State conflict">Turkey–Islamic State conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Suleyman_Shah#Events_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Tomb of Suleyman Shah">Tomb of Suleyman Shah relocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Euphrates Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq" title="April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq">2017 airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_military_operation_in_Idlib_Governorate" title="Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate">Idlib Governorate operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Afrin operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_and_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Israel and the Syrian civil war">Israel's role</a></li></ul> U.S.-led intervention against ISIL <ul><li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of US intervention in the Syrian civil war">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_attacks_on_Syria_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of United States attacks on Syria during the Syrian civil war">List of attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_American_rescue_mission_in_Syria" title="2014 American rescue mission in Syria">2014 rescue operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2015_U.S._special_forces_raid_in_Syria" title="May 2015 U.S. special forces raid in Syria">May 2015 raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">2017 missile strikes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Qatari involvement in the Syrian civil war">Qatari involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Jordanian intervention</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Martyr_Muath" title="Operation Martyr Muath">Operation Martyr Muath</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%27s_role_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Lebanon's role in the Syrian civil war">Lebanon's role</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Saudi involvement in the Syrian civil war">Saudi involvement</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">April 2018 missile strikes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Dutch involvement in the Syrian civil war">Dutch involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_intervention_against_the_Islamic_State" title="German intervention against the Islamic State">German intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Chammal" title="Opération Chammal">French intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Okra" title="Operation Okra">Australian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Shader" title="Operation Shader">UK intervention</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> On 14 April 2018, beginning at 04:00 <a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">Syrian time</a> (UTC+3),<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> carried out a series of military strikes involving aircraft and ship-based missiles against multiple government sites in <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> The strikes were a <a href="/wiki/Reprisal" title="Reprisal">reprisal</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Douma_chemical_attack" title="Douma chemical attack">Douma chemical attack</a> against civilians on 7 April, widely attributed to the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Syria)" title="Council of Ministers (Syria)">Syrian government</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-washington_post-9">[9]</a> The Syrian government called the airstrikes a violation of <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">international law</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-8">[8]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Douma_chemical_attack" title="Douma chemical attack">Douma chemical attack</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(February%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)">Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun_chemical_attack" title="Khan Shaykhun chemical attack">Khan Shaykhun chemical attack</a></div> A <a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(February%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)">Syrian government offensive</a> to recapture the rebel-held Eastern <a href="/wiki/Ghouta" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghouta">Ghouta</a> suburb began in February 2018. The offensive was condemned by Western media and human rights organizations for its reportedly brutal humanitarian consequences.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> By the beginning of April, Douma was one of the last rebel enclaves remaining in the region, with rebel group <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Islam" title="Jaysh al-Islam">Jaysh al-Islam</a> in control of the city.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Russian and Syrian state media reported a deal between the rebel group and Russia to hand over Douma to government control.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Other news agencies reported members of the rebel group claiming a deal had not been brokered and that Jaysh al-Islam would not surrender Douma.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> What followed was a suspected <a href="/wiki/Chemical_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemical attack">chemical attack</a> carried out in the Syrian city of <a href="/wiki/Douma,_Syria" title="Douma, Syria">Douma</a> on 7 April 2018, with at least 70 people reported killed.<a href="#cite_note-BBC220418-18">[18]</a> One pro-opposition source said that a thousand people suffered from the effects.<a href="#cite_note-BBC220418-18">[18]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Islam" title="Jaysh al-Islam">Jaysh al-Islam</a> rebel group, which controlled Douma at the time,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> along with several medical,<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> monitoring, and activist groups, including the pro-rebel <a href="/wiki/White_Helmets_(Syrian_Civil_War)" class="mw-redirect" title="White Helmets (Syrian Civil War)">White Helmets</a> (Syria Civil Defence), all reported that two <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Force" title="Syrian Air Force">Syrian Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mi-8</a> helicopters had dropped <a href="/wiki/Barrel_bombs" class="mw-redirect" title="Barrel bombs">barrel bombs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BBC220418-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> The bombs were filled with <a href="/wiki/Chlorine_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlorine gas">chlorine gas</a> and possibly <a href="/wiki/Sarin" title="Sarin">sarin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> The <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> said it received reports from partner agencies that some 500 people arrived at health facilities showing "signs and symptoms consistent with exposure to toxic chemicals."<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> On 6 July 2018, the OPCW produced an interim report stating that chlorine residues had been found at the two attack sites, although no <a href="/wiki/Organophosphate" title="Organophosphate">organophosphorous</a> <a href="/wiki/Nerve_agents" class="mw-redirect" title="Nerve agents">nerve agents</a> or their degradation products were detected.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> As with previous incidents, France, the United Kingdom, the United States, and other nations accused the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian government">Syrian government</a> of being responsible for the <a href="/wiki/Use_of_chemical_weapons_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Civil War">use of chemical weapons</a>. Russia and Iran, the Syrian government's main allies, denied chemical weapons had been used, claiming it was a <a href="/wiki/False_flag" title="False flag">false flag</a> operation.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Russia has said video of the chemical attack was staged by members of the <a href="/wiki/White_Helmets_(Syrian_civil_war)" title="White Helmets (Syrian civil war)">White Helmets</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-tassdoumastaged-32">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Arab_News_Agency" title="Syrian Arab News Agency">Syrian Arab News Agency</a> (SANA) said that the Saudi Arabian-backed<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Jaysh al-Islam was making "chemical attack fabrications in an exposed and failed attempt to obstruct advances by the Syrian Arab Army".<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In May 2017, French President <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> said the use of chemical weapons in Syria would be a red line requiring immediate reprisal.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> France and the United States cited positive urine and <a href="/wiki/Venipuncture" title="Venipuncture">blood samples</a> collected as proof of chlorine being used in Douma.<a href="#cite_note-auto-36">[36]</a> In the early hours of 9 April 2018, an airstrike was conducted against <a href="/wiki/Tiyas_Military_Airbase" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiyas Military Airbase">Tiyas Military Airbase</a> in Syria.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The United States denied launching the airstrike, and an Israeli spokeswoman declined to comment.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> On 10 April, an emergency <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> meeting was held where competing solutions were presented on how to handle the response to the chemical attack; all were eventually vetoed by Russia.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> By 11 April, Western nations began to consider military action in Syria, seeking a "strong joint response."<a href="#cite_note-auto-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> On the same day, the Syrian government said it invited the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a> to investigate the sites of the attacks. "Syria is keen on cooperating with the OPCW to uncover the truth behind the allegations that some western sides have been advertising to justify their aggressive intentions," said SANA, quoting an official source in the Foreign Ministry.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Russia denied chemical weapons were used, and on 13 April, blamed Britain for staging the event in order to provoke US airstrikes.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> By 12 April, British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> had ordered <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> submarines in the Mediterranean to move within <a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile" title="Cruise missile">cruise missile</a> range of Syria by the end of the week.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> British military sources later told <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a> that days before the missile strikes a British <a href="/wiki/Astute-class_submarine" title="Astute-class submarine">Astute-class</a> submarine armed with <a href="/wiki/Tomahawk_(missile_family)" title="Tomahawk (missile family)">Tomahawk</a> missiles and approaching within firing range of Syrian military targets was chased by "one, and possibly two" Russian <a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine" title="Kilo-class submarine">Kilo-class</a> submarines from the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian Navy</a> base at <a href="/wiki/Tartus" title="Tartus">Tartus</a>. The Russian submarines were supported by two frigates and an antisubmarine aircraft, while the British submarine was assisted by a US Navy <a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-8_Poseidon" title="Boeing P-8 Poseidon">P-8 Poseidon</a> patrol aircraft. Ultimately, no British submarine took part in the strikes.<a href="#cite_note-:2-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_action">Military action</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Military action">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_law">International law</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: International law">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this section is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a>. Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria##" title="Talk:April 2018 missile strikes against Syria">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>. (March 2024) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">United Nations Charter</a> requires a mandate from the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> for sovereign states to use force for the purpose of maintaining international security, but not for acting in self-defence or the protection of populations threatened by extermination at the hands of their own government. Since the UN Charter came into effect in 1945, military action in retaliation or <a href="/wiki/Reprisal" title="Reprisal">reprisal</a> to the act of another state has been prohibited; but a reprisal may be justified if its aim is to force the other state into compliance with its international obligations. Russia's use of its <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_veto_power" title="United Nations Security Council veto power">veto</a> meant there was no prospect of the Security Council authorizing the use of force. Therefore, military action relies on an international public order argument based on defending the credibility of the prohibition of the use of chemical weapons, enforcing Syria's obligations under the terms of its membership of the <a href="/wiki/Chemical_Weapons_Convention" title="Chemical Weapons Convention">Chemical Weapons Convention</a>, and protecting civilians from further chemical weapon attacks to alleviate humanitarian suffering.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> The strikes came hours before inspectors from the <a href="/wiki/OPCW_Fact-Finding_Mission_in_Syria" title="OPCW Fact-Finding Mission in Syria">OPCW Fact-Finding Mission</a> were due to arrive in Syria to investigate the attack.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The United Kingdom published its legal position regarding military action which concluded limited strikes are justified on humanitarian grounds.<a href="#cite_note-UKGovLegalPosition-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> After the strikes, the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a> debated the considerations under international law regarding the urgency of the intervention, and whether there was a lack of practical alternatives.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forces_involved">Forces involved</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Forces involved">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Mattis_briefing_2018_Syria_attack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Jim_Mattis_briefing_2018_Syria_attack.jpg/220px-Jim_Mattis_briefing_2018_Syria_attack.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Jim_Mattis_briefing_2018_Syria_attack.jpg/330px-Jim_Mattis_briefing_2018_Syria_attack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Jim_Mattis_briefing_2018_Syria_attack.jpg/440px-Jim_Mattis_briefing_2018_Syria_attack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4226" data-file-height="2813" /></a><figcaption>US Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Jim_Mattis" title="Jim Mattis">Jim Mattis</a> and Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dunford" title="Joseph Dunford">Joseph Dunford</a> briefing reporters on the attack</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B-1B,_28th_Bomb_Wing,_prepares_to_launch_a_strike_mission_from_Al_Udeid_AIr_Base,_April_13_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/B-1B%2C_28th_Bomb_Wing%2C_prepares_to_launch_a_strike_mission_from_Al_Udeid_AIr_Base%2C_April_13_2018.jpg/220px-B-1B%2C_28th_Bomb_Wing%2C_prepares_to_launch_a_strike_mission_from_Al_Udeid_AIr_Base%2C_April_13_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/B-1B%2C_28th_Bomb_Wing%2C_prepares_to_launch_a_strike_mission_from_Al_Udeid_AIr_Base%2C_April_13_2018.jpg/330px-B-1B%2C_28th_Bomb_Wing%2C_prepares_to_launch_a_strike_mission_from_Al_Udeid_AIr_Base%2C_April_13_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/B-1B%2C_28th_Bomb_Wing%2C_prepares_to_launch_a_strike_mission_from_Al_Udeid_AIr_Base%2C_April_13_2018.jpg/440px-B-1B%2C_28th_Bomb_Wing%2C_prepares_to_launch_a_strike_mission_from_Al_Udeid_AIr_Base%2C_April_13_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="1252" /></a><figcaption>A B-1B of <a href="/wiki/28th_Bomb_Wing" title="28th Bomb Wing">28th Bomb Wing</a> preparing to launch a strike mission from Al Udeid Air Base</figcaption></figure> The strikes were carried out by the forces of the United States, the United Kingdom, and France<a href="#cite_note-guardian_raf-53">[53]</a> and were delivered by ship-launched, submarine-launched and airborne <a href="/wiki/Cruise_missiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruise missiles">cruise missiles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-54">[54]</a> All of the missiles launched by British and French forces either <a href="/wiki/Storm_Shadow" title="Storm Shadow">Storm Shadow</a> (SCALP EG) missiles, or <a href="/wiki/MdCN_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="MdCN (missile)">Missile de Croisière Naval (MdCN for Naval Cruise Missile)</a> sea-launched cruise missiles in French service. Flying from <a href="/wiki/RAF_Akrotiri" title="RAF Akrotiri">RAF Akrotiri</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> four <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Tornado_GR4" class="mw-redirect" title="Tornado GR4">Tornado GR4</a> fighters of <a href="/wiki/No._31_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 31 Squadron RAF">No. 31 Squadron</a>, supported by four <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a> air superiority fighters of <a href="/wiki/No._6_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 6 Squadron RAF">No. 6 Squadron</a>,<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> fired a total of eight Storm Shadow missiles.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> deployed the <a href="/wiki/Type_45_destroyer" title="Type 45 destroyer">Type 45 destroyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Duncan_(D37)" title="HMS Duncan (D37)">HMS Duncan</a>, to provide air defense for allied naval forces.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> The French Navy deployed a strike group in the Eastern Mediterranean consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Cassard-class_frigate" title="Cassard-class frigate">Cassard-class frigate</a> <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Cassard" title="French frigate Cassard">Cassard</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Georges_Leygues-class_frigate" title="Georges Leygues-class frigate">Georges Leygues-class frigate</a> <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Jean_de_Vienne" title="French frigate Jean de Vienne">Jean de Vienne</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Durance-class_tanker" title="Durance-class tanker">Durance-class tanker</a> <a href="/wiki/French_tanker_Var" title="French tanker Var">Var</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/FREMM_multipurpose_frigate" title="FREMM multipurpose frigate">FREMM multipurpose frigates</a> <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Aquitaine" title="French frigate Aquitaine">Aquitaine</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Auvergne" title="French frigate Auvergne">Auvergne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/French_frigate_Languedoc" title="French frigate Languedoc">Languedoc</a>; the latter ship fired three MdCN land attack missiles.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> The French strike group was accompanied by the <a href="/wiki/US_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="US Navy">US Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Virginia-class_submarine" title="Virginia-class submarine">Virginia-class submarine</a> <a href="/wiki/USS_John_Warner" title="USS John Warner">USS John Warner</a>, which launched six Tomahawk cruise missiles.<a href="#cite_note-AwesomeChart-60">[60]</a> The <a href="/wiki/French_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="French Air Force">French Air Force</a> participation in the strikes consisted of five <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Rafale" title="Dassault Rafale">Rafale B</a> fighters from the <a href="/wiki/Escadron_de_Chasse_1/4_Gascogne" title="Escadron de Chasse 1/4 Gascogne">Escadron de Chasse 1/4 Gascogne</a> based at <a href="/wiki/Saint-Dizier_%E2%80%93_Robinson_Air_Base" title="Saint-Dizier – Robinson Air Base">Saint-Dizier Air Base</a>, each carrying two SCALP EG missiles, four <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_2000" title="Dassault Mirage 2000">Mirage 2000-5F</a> air superiority fighters from the <a href="/wiki/Escadron_de_chasse_1/2_Cigognes" class="mw-redirect" title="Escadron de chasse 1/2 Cigognes">Escadron de chasse 1/2 Cigognes</a> from <a href="/wiki/Luxeuil_-_Saint-Sauveur_Air_Base" title="Luxeuil - Saint-Sauveur Air Base">Luxeuil Air Base</a>, two <a href="/wiki/Boeing_E-3_Sentry" title="Boeing E-3 Sentry">E-3F</a> <a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">airborne early warning and control</a> planes from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=36e_Escadre_de_commandement_et_de_conduite_a%C3%A9roport%C3%A9e_%27%27Berry%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="36e Escadre de commandement et de conduite aéroportée ''Berry'' (page does not exist)">36e Escadre de commandement et de conduite aéroportée Berry</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/36e_escadre_de_commandement_et_de_conduite_a%C3%A9roport%C3%A9e" class="extiw" title="fr:36e escadre de commandement et de conduite aéroportée">fr</a>] from <a href="/wiki/Avord_Air_Base" title="Avord Air Base">Avord Air Base</a>, and six <a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">C-135FR tankers</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Groupe_de_ravitaillement_en_vol_2/91_Bretagne" title="Groupe de ravitaillement en vol 2/91 Bretagne">Groupe de ravitaillement en vol 2/91 Bretagne</a> from <a href="/wiki/Istres-Le_Tub%C3%A9_Air_Base" title="Istres-Le Tubé Air Base">Istres Air Base</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AwesomeChart-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">non-primary source needed</a>] US forces included two <a href="/wiki/US_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="US Air Force">US Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Rockwell_B-1_Lancer" title="Rockwell B-1 Lancer">B-1B Lancer</a> bombers from the <a href="/wiki/34th_Bomb_Squadron" title="34th Bomb Squadron">34th Bomb Squadron</a>, which fired a total of nineteen <a href="/wiki/JASSM" class="mw-redirect" title="JASSM">JASSM</a> missiles after taking off from <a href="/wiki/Al_Udeid_Air_Base" title="Al Udeid Air Base">Al Udeid Air Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>. They were accompanied by four <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor" title="Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor">F-22A Raptor</a> air superiority fighters from the <a href="/wiki/95th_Fighter_Squadron" title="95th Fighter Squadron">95th Fighter Squadron</a>, two <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_KC-10_Extender" title="McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender">KC-10 Extender</a> tankers from the <a href="/wiki/908th_Expeditionary_Air_Refueling_Squadron" title="908th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron">908th Expeditionary Air Refueling Squadron</a> and one <a href="/wiki/US_Marine_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="US Marine Corps">US Marine Corps</a> <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_EA-6B_Prowler" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop Grumman EA-6B Prowler">EA-6B Prowler</a> <a href="/wiki/Electronic-warfare_aircraft" title="Electronic-warfare aircraft">electronic-warfare aircraft</a> from <a href="/wiki/VMAQ-2" title="VMAQ-2">VMAQ-2</a>, which all departed from <a href="/wiki/Al_Dhafra_Air_Base" title="Al Dhafra Air Base">Al Dhafra Air Base</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AwesomeChart-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnn_strike-64">[64]</a> Immediately after the strike it was claimed that long-range <a href="/wiki/JASSM-ER" class="mw-redirect" title="JASSM-ER">JASSM-ER</a> had been fired by the two B-1B Lancer bombers, but five days later, the U.S. Air Force Central Command issued a correction saying that actually older JASSM-A were used.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> From a position in the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a> the US Navy <a href="/wiki/Arleigh_Burke-class_destroyer" title="Arleigh Burke-class destroyer">Arleigh Burke-class destroyer</a> <a href="/wiki/USS_Laboon" title="USS Laboon">USS Laboon</a> fired seven and the <a href="/wiki/Ticonderoga-class_cruiser" title="Ticonderoga-class cruiser">Ticonderoga-class cruiser</a> <a href="/wiki/USS_Monterey_(CG-61)" title="USS Monterey (CG-61)">USS Monterey</a> thirty Tomahawk cruise missiles, while the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer <a href="/wiki/USS_Higgins" title="USS Higgins">USS Higgins</a> fired twenty-three Tomahawks from a position in the northern part of the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pentagon_Briefing-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> The Arleigh Burke-class destroyer, <a href="/wiki/USS_Donald_Cook" title="USS Donald Cook">USS Donald Cook</a> was reported to have participated in order to mislead defending forces, firing no missiles.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> US Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Jim_Mattis" title="Jim Mattis">Jim Mattis</a> said twice as many weapons were used in the strike as in the <a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">2017 Shayrat missile strike</a>;<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> an anonymous US Defense Department official quoted by <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> said about 100 Tomahawk missiles were fired by the US.<a href="#cite_note-washington_post-9">[9]</a> The US Air Force also deployed a fighter group over the Eastern Mediterranean in the air-superiority and defensive-counter-air role, which consisted of at least eight <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_F-15_Eagle" title="McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle">F-15C Eagle</a> fighters from the <a href="/wiki/493d_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="493d Fighter Squadron">493d Fighter Squadron</a> and seven <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16C Falcon</a> fighters from the <a href="/wiki/510th_Fighter_Squadron" title="510th Fighter Squadron">510th Fighter Squadron</a>. The fighters were accompanied by at least two <a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">KC-135 Stratotanker</a> aircraft from the <a href="/wiki/351st_Air_Refueling_Squadron" title="351st Air Refueling Squadron">351st Air Refueling Squadron</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AwesomeChart-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> According to US military's <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Joint_Staff" title="Director of the Joint Staff">Director of the Joint Staff</a>, the allocation of missiles to targets was:<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barzah_scientific_research_centre" title="Barzah scientific research centre">Barzah scientific research centre</a> (Damascus): 57 Tomahawk and 19 JASSM missiles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Him_Shanshar_military_installation" title="Him Shanshar military installation">Him Shanshar military installation</a> storage site (west of Homs): 9 Tomahawk, 8 Storm Shadow, 3 MdCN, and 2 SCALP missiles.</li> <li>Him Shanshar military installation bunker: 7 SCALP missiles.</li></ul> Syria responded using its air defense systems, and its state media aired a video purporting to show a successful missile interception.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> The Syrian state news agency SANA and Colonel-General Sergei Rudskoi of the Russian military said Syria used Russian and Soviet air defense systems <a href="/wiki/Pantsir-S1" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantsir-S1">Pantsir-S1</a>, <a href="/wiki/S-125_Neva/Pechora" title="S-125 Neva/Pechora">S-125</a>, <a href="/wiki/S-200_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-200 (missile)">S-200</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">Buk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2K12_Kub" title="2K12 Kub">Kvadrat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-TGRussia71-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNStrikenumber-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Strikes">Strikes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Strikes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_ruins_of_the_American_missile_attack_on_Syria_09_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/The_ruins_of_the_American_missile_attack_on_Syria_09_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-The_ruins_of_the_American_missile_attack_on_Syria_09_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/The_ruins_of_the_American_missile_attack_on_Syria_09_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-The_ruins_of_the_American_missile_attack_on_Syria_09_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/The_ruins_of_the_American_missile_attack_on_Syria_09_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-The_ruins_of_the_American_missile_attack_on_Syria_09_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>Buildings destroyed by allied missile strikes, 14 April 2018</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm/220px--President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="461" data-mwtitle="President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm/President_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APresident_Trump_Delivers_an_Address_to_the_Nation.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption>President Trump delivers his announcement at 21:00 EST (0100 UTC).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm/170px--Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="170" height="309" data-durationhint="24" data-mwtitle="Explosions_Near_Dummar,_Syria.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Explosions_Near_Dummar,_Syria.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="198" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="198" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="198" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="80" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm/Explosions_Near_Dummar%2C_Syria.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="132" data-height="240" /></video><figcaption>Explosions near <a href="/wiki/Dummar" title="Dummar">Dummar</a>, Syria</figcaption></figure> President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> announced the strikes at 9 pm <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EDT</a>, 13 April (4 AM, 14 April in Syria, 2 AM in London, 3 AM in Paris) along with allies France and the United Kingdom. Explosions were heard in Damascus, the capital of Syria, just as Trump was speaking.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-8">[8]</a> According to US Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a> Joseph Dunford, Russia had not been warned in advance of the incoming attack;<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> he was contradicted by other American and French officials.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> US <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dunford" title="Joseph Dunford">Joseph Dunford</a> said three sites were targeted: a <a href="/wiki/Barzah_scientific_research_centre" title="Barzah scientific research centre">scientific research center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Him_Shanshar_military_installation" title="Him Shanshar military installation">chemical weapons storage facility</a> west of <a href="/wiki/Homs" title="Homs">Homs</a>, and an equipment storage facility and command post also near Homs.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The UK <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a> reported British aircraft struck the <a href="/wiki/Him_Shanshar_military_installation" title="Him Shanshar military installation">Him Shanshar</a> chemical weapons precursor storage site 15 miles west of <a href="/wiki/Homs" title="Homs">Homs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Witnesses reported loud explosions and smoke in the capital Damascus in the early morning, including in the <a href="/wiki/Barzeh,_Syria" title="Barzeh, Syria">Barzeh</a> neighborhood, the site of the <a href="/wiki/Barzah_scientific_research_centre" title="Barzah scientific research centre">Barzah scientific research centre</a>, a major research establishment.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-8">[8]</a> The strike destroyed what employees of the facility characterised as a Syrian <a href="/wiki/Antivenom" title="Antivenom">antivenom</a> medical center, but which US General Joseph Dunford described as a center for research, development, production and testing of chemical and biological weapons.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Observatory_for_Human_Rights" title="Syrian Observatory for Human Rights">Syrian Observatory for Human Rights</a> (SOHR) said the attack sites included a scientific research center in Damascus and another in the Homs area, as well as military bases in Damascus and Homs.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-8">[8]</a> The US armed forces said all missiles hit their intended targets without interference,<a href="#cite_note-CNNStrikenumber-74">[74]</a> and according to Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_F._McKenzie_Jr." title="Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr.">Kenneth McKenzie</a>, the Syrian air defences fired 40 intercepting <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missiles</a> but failed to hit any of the targets. He said most were fired after the last incoming missile had struck its target.<a href="#cite_note-TGInterf-82">[82]</a> Similarly, France said none of the twelve missiles it fired appear to have been intercepted,<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> although there were reports that between three and seven French missiles were not fired due to malfunctions.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The Syrian Army said it "intercepted most of the missiles",<a href="#cite_note-CNNStrikenumber-74">[74]</a> while the Syrian state media reported its air defenses shot down 13 incoming missiles near <a href="/wiki/Al-Kiswah" title="Al-Kiswah">Al-Kiswah</a>, south of Damascus.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-54">[54]</a> The Russian military reported Syria's air defences shot down 71 of 103 cruise missiles,<a href="#cite_note-TGRussia71-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNStrikenumber-74">[74]</a> and listed various airports and airbases, not mentioned by US military sources, as having been targeted partly or completely unsuccessfully.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The SOHR, which is cited by many western media organisations, reported no known casualties, but stated there was considerable material damage while also saying that the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Defense_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Air Defense Force">Syrian Air Defense Force</a> intercepted and downed at least 65 missiles.<a href="#cite_note-:4-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Syria's state-run TV news reported three civilians injured at Homs, and that the missile strike there was "aborted".<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a>]</div> Workers at a destroyed laboratory denied ever making any chemical weapons.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Russia called for an emergency meeting of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> on 14 April, but the resolution it brought to the session condemning the attacks failed to pass, with only Bolivia and China supporting it.<a href="#cite_note-:3-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Nikki Haley</a>, Permanent Representative of the United States to the UN, said the United States was "locked and loaded", should the Syrian government use chemical weapons again.<a href="#cite_note-:3-90">[90]</a> A further meeting of the Security Council was scheduled to be held on 16 April, to discuss a resolution presented jointly by France, the UK, and the US. The resolution calls for an independent inquiry into the use of chemical weapons in Syria, medical evacuations, and the safe passage of aid convoys across the country.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> The effectiveness and impact of the strike has been downplayed by analysts.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> In Syria, the strikes were interpreted as a victory for <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a>, because their limited scope was seen as indicating that Western countries no longer intended to seriously challenge his rule.<a href="#cite_note-WaPoAssadMood-94">[94]</a> According to Russian state media, the governor of Russia's autonomous <a href="/wiki/Khanty-Mansiysk" title="Khanty-Mansiysk">Khanty-Mansiysk</a> district said after meeting with Assad that "President Assad was in absolutely positive spirits. He is in a good mood."<a href="#cite_note-WaPoAssadMood-94">[94]</a> American <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Joint_Staff" title="Director of the Joint Staff">Director of the Joint Staff</a>, Lt. Gen <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_F._McKenzie_Jr." title="Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr.">Kenneth McKenzie</a>, said the air strikes were a "severe blow" to the development of Syria's chemical weapons and that the United States military is "ready anytime" in the event of retaliation by the Syrian government.<a href="#cite_note-Al_Jazeera-95">[95]</a> The activity of <a href="/wiki/Web_brigades" class="mw-redirect" title="Web brigades">web brigades</a> increased by "2,000%" following the attack, according to Chief Pentagon spokesperson Dana W. White.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> The UK's <a href="/wiki/National_Cyber_Security_Centre_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Cyber Security Centre (United Kingdom)">National Cyber Security Centre</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">US Department of Homeland Security</a> issued a joint alert warning of a Russian global hacking campaign.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> According to Syrian state television, Syrian air defenses intercepted missiles that targeted <a href="/wiki/Shayrat_Airbase" title="Shayrat Airbase">Shayrat Airbase</a> "late Monday night" (16 April); however, the Pentagon spokesman said the US military was not active at the time, while an Israeli military spokesman declined to comment.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a>'s media unit claimed Syrian air defenses had also intercepted three missiles which targeted <a href="/wiki/Al-Dumayr_Military_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Dumayr Military Airport">Al-Dumayr Military Airport</a>;<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> a commander in the regional military alliance backing the government told Reuters that it was a false alarm and part of an "electronic attack" by Israel and the US on the Syrian radar system.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Defence_Weekly" title="Jane's Defence Weekly">Jane's IHS</a>, on 25 April 2018, the Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD) "appeared to contradict" the MoD's earlier 16 April account, and was now stating that 22 (rather than 32) missiles hit their targets, that 66 (rather than 71) were intercepted, and those other incoming missiles had suffered technical malfunctions. According to Russia, 46 missiles were intercepted in five areas of the capital of Syria and Duvali, Dumayr, Blai, and Mazzeh nearby airfields, and 20 missiles were intercepted in three areas of the Homs air defense zone. The MoD did agree that the U.S. hit all three of the publicly targeted sites. The MoD also displayed remnants of SCALP and Storm Shadow missiles purportedly shot down; Jane's stated that "The missile remnants it displayed could have come from missiles that hit their targets or failed in a previous attack".<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Russian government sources claimed they had recovered as duds one Tomahawk and one 'precision air launched' missile, and would study them to improve their own weapons systems; the US denied the claims as "absurd".<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> On 21 April, the <a href="/wiki/OPCW_Fact-Finding_Mission_in_Syria" title="OPCW Fact-Finding Mission in Syria">OPCW Fact-Finding Mission</a> visited a site in Douma to collect samples, and on 25 April visited a second site in Douma to collect further samples. The team also interviewed people related to incident in Damascus.<a href="#cite_note-opcw-20180425-107">[107]</a> On 4 May, the OPCW announced that the initial deployment of the Fact-Finding Mission in Douma was complete. Analysis of the samples may take at least three to four weeks.<a href="#cite_note-opcw-20180504-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statements_and_reactions">Statements and reactions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Statements and reactions">edit</a>]</div> The Syrian state media called the attack a "flagrant violation of international law".<a href="#cite_note-reuters-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic_reaction">Domestic reaction</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Domestic reaction">edit</a>]</div> Within Syria the strikes, and the response of Syria's air defence units, was seen as a victory for the Government of President Assad. Crowds gathered in the streets of Damascus the following morning to celebrate what they said was the success of the Syrian Army.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belligerent_nations">Belligerent nations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Belligerent nations">edit</a>]</div> French President <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> said in a statement on 14 April that France's "red line has been crossed", referring to the previous attacks on Douma.<a href="#cite_note-pbs_france-110">[110]</a> While announcing the strikes, UK Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> said there was "no practicable alternative to the use of force" to deal with the Syrian government's use of chemical weapons.<a href="#cite_note-:1-78">[78]</a> Opposition politicians condemned the strikes, with many questioning May's decision to press ahead without obtaining parliamentary approval first. <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a> <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a> called the strikes "legally questionable", said "Bombs won't save lives or bring about peace", although some of his party's MPs backed the strikes. He also said that "while much suspicion rightly points to the Assad government", other groups had carried out similar attacks and weapons inspectors must continue their investigation.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> US President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> announced the strikes in a televised address, arguing they were part of the effort to stop Assad from using chemical weapons, and said the US was "prepared to sustain this response" until this was achieved.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes-54">[54]</a> Dana W. White, <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a> Chief Spokesperson, said "this operation does not represent a change in US policy or an attempt to depose the Syrian regime".<a href="#cite_note-TGInterf-82">[82]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported the reactions initially broke among partisan lines, with members of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>—the party of President Donald Trump—being generally supportive while the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a> were generally critical.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Republicans <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Tom Cotton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" title="Orrin Hatch">Orrin Hatch</a> praised the strikes.<a href="#cite_note-:0-114">[114]</a> Other US lawmakers, in particular Democrats, although generally supportive of a limited strike to punish Assad for using banned chemical weapons, criticized the Trump administration for not seeking Congressional approval and for not having a "coherent Syria Strategy".<a href="#cite_note-:0-114">[114]</a> Democratic senator <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Tim Kaine</a> re-emphasized his long-held belief that the military intervention without Congressional authorization and long-term strategy are "illegal" and "reckless".<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> On 19 April, at a Pentagon press briefing, American <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Joint_Staff" title="Director of the Joint Staff">Director of the Joint Staff</a> Lt. Gen. <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_F._McKenzie_Jr." title="Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr.">Kenneth McKenzie</a> affirmed that Russian air defenses - which included advanced <a href="/wiki/S-400_missile_system" title="S-400 missile system">S-400</a> missile systems<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> - were active but did not engage any missiles during the operation. "Russian air defenses were energized. They were scanning. They had a <a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-50" title="Beriev A-50">mainstay</a> [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>] air defense aircraft up. They did not choose to engage, so I cannot speculate about why they did or did not do that," McKenzie stated, while denying that any missiles were shot down by Syrian air defenses.<a href="#cite_note-USAToday-Michaels-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syrian-allied_states">Syrian-allied states</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Syrian-allied states">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Iran_Foreign_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran Foreign Ministry">Iran Foreign Ministry</a> condemned the missile strikes, said there is "no proof" of Syrian responsibility in the chemical attack on Douma, and criticized the United States for attacking without waiting for an Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons investigation.<a href="#cite_note-aljazeera-120">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Khamenei" title="Ali Khamenei">Ali Khamenei</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Leader_of_Iran" title="Supreme Leader of Iran">Supreme Leader of Iran</a>, called Trump, May and Macron "criminals" and warned "they will gain nothing" from the strike.<a href="#cite_note-فشسدهئ-121">[121]</a> Russian politician Alexander Sherin referred to the strike as a terrorist attack and compared it to <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> described the strikes as an "act of aggression".<a href="#cite_note-:3-90">[90]</a> Russia also called for an emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council.<a href="#cite_note-CNBCUN-123">[123]</a> <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Antonov" title="Anatoly Antonov">Anatoly Antonov</a>, the Russian ambassador to the United States, strongly condemned the coalition attacks on Syria and warned the Western countries of "consequences".<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Sergei Rudskoi, a Russian Colonel-General, in a TV briefing, said Russia may consider sending <a href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">S-300</a> surface-to-air missile systems to Syria and other countries.<a href="#cite_note-CNBCUN-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_NATO_member_states">Other NATO member states</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Other NATO member states">edit</a>]</div> Albania,<a href="#cite_note-Balkans-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Bulgaria,<a href="#cite_note-Author_2018-128">[128]</a> Canada,<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> Croatia,<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> the Czech Republic,<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Denmark,<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Estonia,<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> Germany,<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> Greece,<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Italy,<a href="#cite_note-ABC_News-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> the Netherlands,<a href="#cite_note-news.com.au-139">[139]</a> Poland,<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> Romania,<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> Spain,<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> and Turkey<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> all agreed the decision to attack was justified. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supranational_organizations">Supranational organizations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Supranational organizations">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">Secretary-General of the United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a> called for restraint from all states.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President of the European Council</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a> confirmed the European Union's support for the strikes<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> as did <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy</a> <a href="/wiki/Federica_Mogherini" title="Federica Mogherini">Federica Mogherini</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Irish_Times-150">[150]</a> <a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_NATO" title="Secretary General of NATO">Secretary General of NATO</a> <a href="/wiki/Jens_Stoltenberg" title="Jens Stoltenberg">Jens Stoltenberg</a> supported the strikes in a statement.<a href="#cite_note-NATO-151">[151]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization</a> condemned the strikes as violating norms of international law.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-state_organizations">Non-state organizations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Non-state organizations">edit</a>]</div> Mohammed Alloush, a key member of the <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Islam" title="Jaysh al-Islam">Army of Islam</a> (a coalition of <a href="/wiki/Salafi_movement" title="Salafi movement">Salafist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamist</a> rebel groups)<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> criticized the missile strikes for not going far enough, writing on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> that the airstrikes were a "farce" and an example of punishing "the instrument of the crime while keeping the criminal [in power]".<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> In a <a href="/wiki/Press_release" title="Press release">press statement</a> released on 14 April 2018, <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> spokesman Fawzi Barhoum that the organization "condemns in the strongest terms" the airstrikes, describing them as "blatant aggression on Syrian soil [with the aim] to destroy its capabilities in order to preserve the existence of the Zionist entity".<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_organizations">Religious organizations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Religious organizations">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Mar_(title)" title="Mar (title)">Moran Mor</a> <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_II" title="Ignatius Aphrem II">Ignatius Aphrem II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">patriarch</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>, and Patriarch <a href="/wiki/John_X_of_Antioch" title="John X of Antioch">John X of Antioch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">primate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox</a> <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch">Patriarchate of Antioch</a> and All The East, issued a joint condemnation of the strikes. They said the bombings "were clear violation of the international laws and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">UN Charter</a>", and that the "unjust aggression encourages the terrorist organizations and gives them momentum to continue in their terrorism."<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_opposition_in_the_West">Public opposition in the West</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Public opposition in the West">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion with: public opposition, protests, demonstrations etc in other countries such as the United States and France. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. (February 2022)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Protests against the strikes occurred in the United Kingdom in April 2018, including in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> (organised by the <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a>, which said the strikes risked "causing a catastrophic war with Russia") and <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exeter" title="Exeter">Exeter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swansea" title="Swansea">Swansea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milton_Keynes" title="Milton Keynes">Milton Keynes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> The British <a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament" title="Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament">Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament</a> described the decision of the government to carry out airstrikes in Syria as defying international law and criticised Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> for bypassing parliament in her decision on the matter.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> The British <a href="/wiki/Stop_the_War_Coalition" title="Stop the War Coalition">Stop the War Coalition</a> condemned the missile strikes in a public statement in April 2018.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">non-primary source needed</a>] Public opinion on the missile strikes was "evenly split" according to a report by <a href="/wiki/The_Week" title="The Week">The Week</a>.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">2017 Shayrat missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Deir_ez-Zor_air_raid" title="September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid">September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Ghouta_chemical_attack#Military_options" title="International reactions to the Ghouta chemical attack">International reactions to the 2013 Ghouta chemical attack § Military options</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Odyssey_Dawn" title="Operation Odyssey Dawn">Operation Odyssey Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_attacks_on_Syria_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of United States attacks on Syria during the Syrian civil war">List of United States attacks on Syria during the Syrian civil war</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style 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Retrieved 19 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia+Backs+Syria+in+Unlawful+Attacks+on+Eastern+Ghouta&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=2018-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2018%2F03%2F18%2Frussia-backs-syria-unlawful-attacks-eastern-ghouta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2018/02/unfolding-humanitarian-catastrophe-in-eastern-ghouta/">"The Unfolding Humanitarian Catastrophe in Eastern Ghouta"</a>. www.amnesty.org. 26 February 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309055214/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2018/02/unfolding-humanitarian-catastrophe-in-eastern-ghouta/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 March 2021. 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Retrieved 9 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Russia+claims+71+of+103+missiles+shot+down+during+overnight+air+strikes&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fsyria-air-strikes-russia-missiles-shot-down-intercepted-shot-down-latest-update-a8304421.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerchet2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Merchet, Jean-Dominique (17 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lopinion.fr/blog/secret-defense/marine-a-rencontre-aleas-technique-lors-tir-missiles-croisiere-147551">"La Marine a rencontré des " aléas technique " lors du tir des missiles de croisière (actualisé)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/L%27Opinion_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Opinion (newspaper)">L'Opinion</a> (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180422155323/https://www.lopinion.fr/blog/secret-defense/marine-a-rencontre-aleas-technique-lors-tir-missiles-croisiere-147551">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%27Opinion&rft.atitle=La+Marine+a+rencontr%C3%A9+des+%22+al%C3%A9as+technique+%22+lors+du+tir+des+missiles+de+croisi%C3%A8re+%28actualis%C3%A9%29&rft.date=2018-04-17&rft.aulast=Merchet&rft.aufirst=Jean-Dominique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lopinion.fr%2Fblog%2Fsecret-defense%2Fmarine-a-rencontre-aleas-technique-lors-tir-missiles-croisiere-147551&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12171611@egNews">"Briefing by Russian Defence Ministry official Major General Igor Konashenkov"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation</a>. 16 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180418093246/http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12171611@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2018. 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The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415204010/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/syrias-assad-said-to-be-in-good-mood-scorns-us-weaponry-after-airstrikes/2018/04/15/a5e313cb-727a-4dda-98da-d582d86f0add_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2018. <q>"President Assad was in absolutely positive spirits. He is in a good mood," the Interfax news agency quoted Natalya Komarova, governor of Russia's autonomous Khanty-Mansiysk district, as saying. 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Retrieved 21 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Syria+air+strikes%3A+Theresa+May+says+action+%27moral+and+legal%27&rft.date=2018-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-43775728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooperShearHubbard2018" class="citation news cs1">Cooper, Helene; Shear, Michael D.; Hubbard, Ben (13 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/13/world/middleeast/trump-strikes-syria-attack.html">"Trump Orders Strikes on Syria Over Suspected Chemical Weapons Attack"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414012221/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/13/world/middleeast/trump-strikes-syria-attack.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018. <q>Early reaction to the strikes from Capitol Hill appeared to break down along party lines, with Republicans expressing support for the president and Democrats questioning whether Mr. Trump has a well-thought-out strategy for what happens after the military action is over.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Orders+Strikes+on+Syria+Over+Suspected+Chemical+Weapons+Attack&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Helene&rft.au=Shear%2C+Michael+D.&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F04%2F13%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Ftrump-strikes-syria-attack.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbbsRogin2018" class="citation web cs1">Ebbs, Stephanie; Rogin, Ali (13 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/members-congress-react-us-strike-syria/story?id=54459343">"Members of Congress react to US strike on Syria"</a>. ABC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414032846/https://abcnews.go.com/International/members-congress-react-us-strike-syria/story?id=54459343">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Members+of+Congress+react+to+US+strike+on+Syria&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft.aulast=Ebbs&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.au=Rogin%2C+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2Fmembers-congress-react-us-strike-syria%2Fstory%3Fid%3D54459343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKheel2018" class="citation news cs1">Kheel, Rebecca (13 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/policy/defense/383133-kaine-rips-syria-strikes-whats-stopping-trump-from-bombing-iran-north-korea/">"Kaine rips Syria strikes: What's stopping Trump from bombing Iran, North Korea next?"</a>. TheHill. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414032849/http://thehill.com/policy/defense/383133-kaine-rips-syria-strikes-whats-stopping-trump-from-bombing-iran-north-korea">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheHill&rft.atitle=Kaine+rips+Syria+strikes%3A+What%27s+stopping+Trump+from+bombing+Iran%2C+North+Korea+next%3F&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft.aulast=Kheel&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fpolicy%2Fdefense%2F383133-kaine-rips-syria-strikes-whats-stopping-trump-from-bombing-iran-north-korea%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2016" class="citation news cs1">Anderson, Meg (23 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2016/07/23/487082207/where-tim-kaine-and-hillary-clinton-stand-on-key-issues">"Where Tim Kaine And Hillary Clinton Stand on Key Issues"</a>. NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170817065703/http://www.npr.org/2016/07/23/487082207/where-tim-kaine-and-hillary-clinton-stand-on-key-issues">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2017. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Where+Tim+Kaine+And+Hillary+Clinton+Stand+on+Key+Issues&rft.date=2016-07-23&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Meg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2016%2F07%2F23%2F487082207%2Fwhere-tim-kaine-and-hillary-clinton-stand-on-key-issues&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeaumontRoth2018" class="citation news cs1">Beaumont, Peter; Roth, Andrew (14 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/14/russia-claims-syria-air-defences-shot-down-majority-missiles">"Russia claims Syria air defences shot down 71 of 103 missiles"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414105716/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/14/russia-claims-syria-air-defences-shot-down-majority-missiles">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 5 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Russia+claims+Syria+air+defences+shot+down+71+of+103+missiles&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft.aulast=Beaumont&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Roth%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2018%2Fapr%2F14%2Frussia-claims-syria-air-defences-shot-down-majority-missiles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAToday-Michaels-118"><a href="#cite_ref-USAToday-Michaels_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichaels2018" class="citation news cs1">Michaels, Jim (20 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2018/04/20/syria-air-defenses-failed-intercept-missiles/537126002/">"105 to 0: Why Syria's air defenses failed to intercept a single incoming missile"</a>. USA Today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180420233500/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2018/04/20/syria-air-defenses-failed-intercept-missiles/537126002/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=105+to+0%3A+Why+Syria%27s+air+defenses+failed+to+intercept+a+single+incoming+missile&rft.date=2018-04-20&rft.aulast=Michaels&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2018%2F04%2F20%2Fsyria-air-defenses-failed-intercept-missiles%2F537126002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllahverdi2018" class="citation news cs1">Allahverdi, Safvan (20 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aa.com.tr/en/americas/no-intent-to-change-syrias-strategic-balance-pentagon/1123354">"No intent to change Syria's strategic balance: Pentagon"</a>. Anadolu Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180422072058/https://aa.com.tr/en/americas/no-intent-to-change-syrias-strategic-balance-pentagon/1123354">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=No+intent+to+change+Syria%27s+strategic+balance%3A+Pentagon&rft.date=2018-04-20&rft.aulast=Allahverdi&rft.aufirst=Safvan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faa.com.tr%2Fen%2Famericas%2Fno-intent-to-change-syrias-strategic-balance-pentagon%2F1123354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aljazeera-120"><a href="#cite_ref-aljazeera_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/04/allies-strike-syria-chemical-weapons-sites-180414011901735.html">"US and allies strike Syria 'chemical weapons sites'"</a>. Al Jazeera. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414021828/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/04/allies-strike-syria-chemical-weapons-sites-180414011901735.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+and+allies+strike+Syria+%27chemical+weapons+sites%27&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F04%2Fallies-strike-syria-chemical-weapons-sites-180414011901735.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-فشسدهئ-121"><a href="#cite_ref-فشسدهئ_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1397/01/25/1699855/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7-%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87-%D9%88-%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF">"امام خامنه‌ای:‌حمله سحرگاه امروز به سوریه جنایت است/رئیس‌جمهور آمریکا، رئیس‌جمهور فرانسه و نخست‌وزیر اخبار تسنیم"</a> (in Persian). Tasnim News Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190912183908/https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1397/01/25/1699855/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7-%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87-%D9%88-%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%3A%E2%80%8C%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87+%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87+%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2+%D8%A8%D9%87+%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87+%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%2F%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1+%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%8C+%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1+%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87+%D9%88+%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tasnimnews.com%2Ffa%2Fnews%2F1397%2F01%2F25%2F1699855%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585-%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D9%2586%25D9%2587-%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C-%25D8%25AD%25D9%2585%25D9%2584%25D9%2587-%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AD%25D8%25B1%25DA%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2587-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D8%25B2-%25D8%25A8%25D9%2587-%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%2587-%25D8%25AC%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA-%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA-%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3-%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A2%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7-%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3-%25D8%25AC%25D9%2585%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25B3%25D9%2587-%25D9%2588-%25D9%2586%25D8%25AE%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA-%25D9%2588%25D8%25B2%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DA%25AF%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3-%25D8%25AC%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2586%25D8%25AF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamesDorell2018" class="citation news cs1">James, Mike; Dorell, Oren (13 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/04/13/u-s-attack-syria-creates-cold-war-style-tension-russia/516757002/">"Russian politician calls Trump 'Adolf Hitler No. 2 of our time'"</a>. USA Today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180418230720/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/04/13/u-s-attack-syria-creates-cold-war-style-tension-russia/516757002/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+politician+calls+Trump+%27Adolf+Hitler+No.+2+of+our+time%27&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.au=Dorell%2C+Oren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2018%2F04%2F13%2Fu-s-attack-syria-creates-cold-war-style-tension-russia%2F516757002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNBCUN-123">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNBCUN_123-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNBCUN_123-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/14/russia-calls-for-un-meeting-on-syria-mulls-supplies-of-s-300-systems.html">"Russia calls for UN meeting on Syria, mulls supplies of S-300 systems"</a>. CNBC. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109030906/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/14/russia-calls-for-un-meeting-on-syria-mulls-supplies-of-s-300-systems.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia+calls+for+UN+meeting+on+Syria%2C+mulls+supplies+of+S-300+systems&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2018%2F04%2F14%2Frussia-calls-for-un-meeting-on-syria-mulls-supplies-of-s-300-systems.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooperGibbons-NeffHubbard2018" class="citation news cs1">Cooper, Helene; Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Hubbard, Ben (13 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/13/world/middleeast/trump-strikes-syria-attack.html">"U.S., Britain and France Strike Syria Over Suspected Chemical Weapons Attack"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414012221/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/13/world/middleeast/trump-strikes-syria-attack.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.%2C+Britain+and+France+Strike+Syria+Over+Suspected+Chemical+Weapons+Attack&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Helene&rft.au=Gibbons-Neff%2C+Thomas&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F04%2F13%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Ftrump-strikes-syria-attack.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Balkans-125"><a href="#cite_ref-Balkans_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/us-led-syria-strikes-echo-in-the-balkans-04-14-2018">"Syria Strikes Win Support but Raise Concern in Balkans"</a>. 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Top Channel. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415063825/http://top-channel.tv/english/albanian-foreign-supports-us-french-and-british-attacks-against-assads-regime-in-syria/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Albanian+Foreign+Minister+supports+US%2C+French+and+British+attacks+against+Assad%27s+regime+in+Syria&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftop-channel.tv%2Fenglish%2Falbanian-foreign-supports-us-french-and-british-attacks-against-assads-regime-in-syria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://top-channel.tv/english/albanian-president-supports-western-allies-for-attack-in-syria/">"Albanian President supports Western allies for attack in Syria"</a>. Top Channel. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415063510/http://top-channel.tv/english/albanian-president-supports-western-allies-for-attack-in-syria/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Albanian+President+supports+Western+allies+for+attack+in+Syria&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftop-channel.tv%2Fenglish%2Falbanian-president-supports-western-allies-for-attack-in-syria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Author_2018-128"><a href="#cite_ref-Author_2018_128-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sofiaglobe.com/2018/04/14/bulgaria-calls-for-de-escalation-of-tensions-after-us-led-air-strike-on-syria/">"Bulgaria calls for de-escalation of tensions after US-led air strike on Syria"</a>. The Sofia Globe. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415124800/https://sofiaglobe.com/2018/04/14/bulgaria-calls-for-de-escalation-of-tensions-after-us-led-air-strike-on-syria/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sofia+Globe&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+calls+for+de-escalation+of+tensions+after+US-led+air+strike+on+Syria&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsofiaglobe.com%2F2018%2F04%2F14%2Fbulgaria-calls-for-de-escalation-of-tensions-after-us-led-air-strike-on-syria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2018/04/13/statement-prime-minister-airstrikes-syria">"Statement by the Prime Minister on airstrikes in Syria"</a>. 13 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414171538/https://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2018/04/13/statement-prime-minister-airstrikes-syria">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statement+by+the+Prime+Minister+on+airstrikes+in+Syria&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Feng%2Fnews%2F2018%2F04%2F13%2Fstatement-prime-minister-airstrikes-syria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/hrvatska-stala-uz-sad-ministarstvo-podupiremo-saveznike-i-pratimo-situaciju/1038650.aspx">"Hrvatska stala uz SAD, Ministarstvo: "Podupiremo saveznike i pratimo situaciju""</a> (in Croatian). Index.hr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414140313/http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/hrvatska-stala-uz-sad-ministarstvo-podupiremo-saveznike-i-pratimo-situaciju/1038650.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hrvatska+stala+uz+SAD%2C+Ministarstvo%3A+%22Podupiremo+saveznike+i+pratimo+situaciju%22&rft.pub=Index.hr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.index.hr%2Fvijesti%2Fclanak%2Fhrvatska-stala-uz-sad-ministarstvo-podupiremo-saveznike-i-pratimo-situaciju%2F1038650.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mzv.cz/jnp/en/issues_and_press/mfa_statements/x2018_04_14_statement_of_the_mfa_on_syria.html">"Statement of the MFA on the current developments in Syria"</a>. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414171328/https://www.mzv.cz/jnp/en/issues_and_press/mfa_statements/x2018_04_14_statement_of_the_mfa_on_syria.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+the+Czech+Republic&rft.atitle=Statement+of+the+MFA+on+the+current+developments+in+Syria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mzv.cz%2Fjnp%2Fen%2Fissues_and_press%2Fmfa_statements%2Fx2018_04_14_statement_of_the_mfa_on_syria.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ct24/domaci/2449999-utok-zapadu-na-syrii-je-vzkaz-tem-co-vedou-chemicke-utoky-mini-ceska-diplomacie">"Spojené státy Česko o útoku na Sýrii informovaly, uvedl Stropnický. Podle Babiše byl úder nevyhnutelný"</a>. ČT24 (in Czech). Česká televize. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180620071553/http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/ct24/domaci/2449999-utok-zapadu-na-syrii-je-vzkaz-tem-co-vedou-chemicke-utoky-mini-ceska-diplomacie">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C4%8CT24&rft.atitle=Spojen%C3%A9+st%C3%A1ty+%C4%8Cesko+o+%C3%BAtoku+na+S%C3%BDrii+informovaly%2C+uvedl+Stropnick%C3%BD.+Podle+Babi%C5%A1e+byl+%C3%BAder+nevyhnuteln%C3%BD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceskatelevize.cz%2Fct24%2Fdomaci%2F2449999-utok-zapadu-na-syrii-je-vzkaz-tem-co-vedou-chemicke-utoky-mini-ceska-diplomacie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stm.dk/_p_14660.html">"Statsministeren om militært modsvar i Syrien"</a> (in Danish). Statsministeriet. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190215015943/http://www.stm.dk/_p_14660.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statsministeren+om+milit%C3%A6rt+modsvar+i+Syrien&rft.pub=Statsministeriet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stm.dk%2F_p_14660.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.err.ee/749117/estonian-reactions-to-us-french-british-strikes-against-syrian-forces">"Estonian reactions to US, French, British strikes against Syrian forces"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eesti_Rahvusringh%C3%A4%C3%A4ling" title="Eesti Rahvusringhääling">ERR</a>. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414234553/https://news.err.ee/749117/estonian-reactions-to-us-french-british-strikes-against-syrian-forces">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estonian+reactions+to+US%2C+French%2C+British+strikes+against+Syrian+forces&rft.pub=ERR&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.err.ee%2F749117%2Festonian-reactions-to-us-french-british-strikes-against-syrian-forces&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/germany-backs-airstrikes-in-syria-as-necessary-and-appropriate/a-43386145">"Germany backs airstrikes in Syria as 'necessary and appropriate'"</a>. DW. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414153222/http://www.dw.com/en/germany-backs-airstrikes-in-syria-as-necessary-and-appropriate/a-43386145">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Germany+backs+airstrikes+in+Syria+as+%27necessary+and+appropriate%27&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-backs-airstrikes-in-syria-as-necessary-and-appropriate%2Fa-43386145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415063547/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/european-leaders-back-syria-strikes-warn-against-escalation/2018/04/14/0b57d1b4-3fde-11e8-955b-7d2e19b79966_story.html">"Greece calls for political, sustainable solution in Syria after air strikes"</a>. No. 14 April 2018. Xinhua News Agency. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/european-leaders-back-syria-strikes-warn-against-escalation/2018/04/14/0b57d1b4-3fde-11e8-955b-7d2e19b79966_story.html?noredirect=on">the original</a> on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Greece+calls+for+political%2C+sustainable+solution+in+Syria+after+air+strikes&rft.issue=14+April+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnational%2Feuropean-leaders-back-syria-strikes-warn-against-escalation%2F2018%2F04%2F14%2F0b57d1b4-3fde-11e8-955b-7d2e19b79966_story.html%3Fnoredirect%3Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABC_News-137"><a href="#cite_ref-ABC_News_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415190508/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/european-leaders-back-syria-strikes-warn-escalation-54466093">"European leaders back Syria airstrikes; China against"</a>. ABC News. 14 April 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/european-leaders-back-syria-strikes-warn-escalation-54466093">the original</a> on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=European+leaders+back+Syria+airstrikes%3B+China+against&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2FwireStory%2Feuropean-leaders-back-syria-strikes-warn-escalation-54466093&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/04/14/news/siria_salvini_pazzesco_fermatevi_-193833979/?ref=RHPPTP-BL-I0-C12-P2-S1.12-T2">"Siria, Gentiloni: "Azione mirata e circoscritta, ma non sia inizio di un'escalation". L'attacco spacca il centrodestra"</a>. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190215015943/https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/04/14/news/siria_salvini_pazzesco_fermatevi_-193833979/?ref=RHPPTP-BL-I0-C12-P2-S1.12-T2">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Siria%2C+Gentiloni%3A+%22Azione+mirata+e+circoscritta%2C+ma+non+sia+inizio+di+un%27escalation%22.+L%27attacco+spacca+il+centrodestra&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.repubblica.it%2Fpolitica%2F2018%2F04%2F14%2Fnews%2Fsiria_salvini_pazzesco_fermatevi_-193833979%2F%3Fref%3DRHPPTP-BL-I0-C12-P2-S1.12-T2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-news.com.au-139"><a href="#cite_ref-news.com.au_139-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlakeSmethurstWhinnett2018" class="citation web cs1">Blake, Sarah; Smethurst, Annika; Whinnett, Ellen (15 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.com.au/finance/work/leaders/australian-government-issues-statement-declaring-its-support-over-military-action-in-syria/news-story/834ad3c5d27caf2c0f160758a8584389">"Big problem with Trump's air strikes"</a>. news.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180416123616/http://www.news.com.au/finance/work/leaders/australian-government-issues-statement-declaring-its-support-over-military-action-in-syria/news-story/834ad3c5d27caf2c0f160758a8584389">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.com.au&rft.atitle=Big+problem+with+Trump%27s+air+strikes&rft.date=2018-04-15&rft.aulast=Blake&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.au=Smethurst%2C+Annika&rft.au=Whinnett%2C+Ellen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Ffinance%2Fwork%2Fleaders%2Faustralian-government-issues-statement-declaring-its-support-over-military-action-in-syria%2Fnews-story%2F834ad3c5d27caf2c0f160758a8584389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/358862,Polish-president-voices-support-for-allied-strikes-on-Syria">"Polish president voices support for allied strikes on Syria – Radio Poland :: News from Poland"</a>. 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Retrieved 15 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Polish+president+voices+support+for+allied+strikes+on+Syria+%E2%80%93+Radio+Poland+%3A%3A+News+from+Poland&rft.pub=Thenews.pl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenews.pl%2F1%2F10%2FArtykul%2F358862%2CPolish-president-voices-support-for-allied-strikes-on-Syria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/358792,World-cannot-remain-passive%E2%80%99-Polish-foreign-ministry-says-after-Syria-strikes">"World 'cannot remain inactive,' Polish foreign ministry says after Syria strikes – Radio Poland :: News from Poland"</a>. Thenews.pl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415124656/http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/358792,World-cannot-remain-passive%E2%80%99-Polish-foreign-ministry-says-after-Syria-strikes">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2018. 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Gândul (in Romanian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190215015944/https://www.gandul.info/politica/iohannis-afirma-solidaritatea-romaniei-cu-alianta-sua-marea-britanie-franta-folosirea-armelor-chimice-este-dincolo-de-orice-justificare-17130398">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=G%C3%A2ndul&rft.atitle=Iohannis+afirm%C4%83+solidaritatea+Rom%C3%A2niei+cu+alian%C5%A3a+SUA-Marea+Britanie-Fran%C5%A3a%3A+Folosirea+armelor+chimice+este+dincolo+de+orice+justificare&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft.au=Ana+Petrescu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gandul.info%2Fpolitica%2Fiohannis-afirma-solidaritatea-romaniei-cu-alianta-sua-marea-britanie-franta-folosirea-armelor-chimice-este-dincolo-de-orice-justificare-17130398&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180415190411/https://www.thespainreport.com/articles/1518-180414111909-spain-says-syria-strikes-proportional-but-regrets-lack-of-coordinated-international-pressure-on-assad">"Spain Says Syria Strikes "Proportional" But Regrets Lack of Coordinated International Pressure on Assad"</a>. No. 14 April 2018. The Spain Report. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thespainreport.com/articles/1518-180414111909-spain-says-syria-strikes-proportional-but-regrets-lack-of-coordinated-international-pressure-on-assad">the original</a> on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Spain+Says+Syria+Strikes+%22Proportional%22+But+Regrets+Lack+of+Coordinated+International+Pressure+on+Assad&rft.issue=14+April+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thespainreport.com%2Farticles%2F1518-180414111909-spain-says-syria-strikes-proportional-but-regrets-lack-of-coordinated-international-pressure-on-assad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReuters_Editorial" class="citation news cs1">Reuters Editorial. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-turkey/strikes-on-syria-appropriate-response-turkish-foreign-ministry-source-idUSKBN1HL0C8">"Strikes on Syria 'appropriate response': Turkish foreign ministry..."</a> U.S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002211114/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-turkey/strikes-on-syria-appropriate-response-turkish-foreign-ministry-source-idUSKBN1HL0C8">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.&rft.atitle=Strikes+on+Syria+%27appropriate+response%27%3A+Turkish+foreign+ministry...&rft.au=Reuters+Editorial&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-mideast-crisis-syria-turkey%2Fstrikes-on-syria-appropriate-response-turkish-foreign-ministry-source-idUSKBN1HL0C8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnturk.com/son-dakika-bekir-bozdag-turkiye-saldiridan-once-bilgilendirildi">"Son dakika... Bekir Bozdağ: 'Türkiye saldırıdan önce bilgilendirildi'"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414130056/https://www.cnnturk.com/son-dakika-bekir-bozdag-turkiye-saldiridan-once-bilgilendirildi">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Son+dakika...+Bekir+Bozda%C4%9F%3A+%27T%C3%BCrkiye+sald%C4%B1r%C4%B1dan+%C3%B6nce+bilgilendirildi%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnturk.com%2Fson-dakika-bekir-bozdag-turkiye-saldiridan-once-bilgilendirildi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> Son dakika... 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Retrieved 20 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Turkey%27s+Erdogan+welcomes+Western+attack+on+Syria%2C+says+operation+a+message+to+Assad&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-mideast-crisis-syria-turkey%2Fturkeys-erdogan-welcomes-western-attack-on-syria-says-operation-a-message-to-assad-idUSKBN1HL0W9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enca.com/world/un-chief-urges-restraint-after-strikes-on-syria">"UN chief Guterres urges restraint after strikes on Syria"</a>. eNews Channel Africa. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414130054/https://www.enca.com/world/un-chief-urges-restraint-after-strikes-on-syria">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=eNews+Channel+Africa&rft.atitle=UN+chief+Guterres+urges+restraint+after+strikes+on+Syria&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enca.com%2Fworld%2Fun-chief-urges-restraint-after-strikes-on-syria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemianykSommers" class="citation news cs1">Demianyk, Graeme; Sommers, Jack. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/syria-bombing-trump_uk_5ad15735e4b0edca2cb9eea4">"Britain, US And France Launch 'Precision Strikes' In Syria in Response To 'Despicable' Chemical Attack"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Britain%2C+US+And+France+Launch+%27Precision+Strikes%27+In+Syria+in+Response+To+%27Despicable%27+Chemical+Attack&rft.aulast=Demianyk&rft.aufirst=Graeme&rft.au=Sommers%2C+Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2Fentry%2Fsyria-bombing-trump_uk_5ad15735e4b0edca2cb9eea4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Irish_Times-150"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Irish_Times_150-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmyth2018" class="citation news cs1">Smyth, Patrick (14 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/eu-endorses-attacks-on-syria-by-us-uk-and-france-1.3462219?mode=amp">"EU endorses attacks on Syria by US, UK and France"</a>. 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Retrieved 16 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=EU+endorses+attacks+on+Syria+by+US%2C+UK+and+France&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft.aulast=Smyth&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Feu-endorses-attacks-on-syria-by-us-uk-and-france-1.3462219%3Fmode%3Damp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NATO-151"><a href="#cite_ref-NATO_151-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_153661.htm">"Statement by the NATO Secretary General on the actions against the Syrian regime's chemical weapons facilities and capabilities"</a>. NATO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181213131240/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_153661.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NATO&rft.atitle=Statement+by+the+NATO+Secretary+General+on+the+actions+against+the+Syrian+regime%27s+chemical+weapons+facilities+and+capabilities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nato.int%2Fcps%2Fen%2Fnatohq%2Fnews_153661.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armenpress.am/eng/news/929994">"CSTO condemns US-led airstrikes on Syria"</a>. 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Retrieved 28 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Arab&rft.atitle=Who%27s+involved+in+the+rebels%27+Aleppo+offensive%3F+The+cliff-notes&rft.date=2016-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alaraby.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fwhos-involved-rebels-aleppo-offensive-cliff-notes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailytimes.com.pk/228014/blasts-shake-damascus-as-us-and-allies-launch-syria-strikes/">"Blasts shake Damascus as US and allies launch Syria strikes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Daily_Times_(Pakistan)" title="Daily Times (Pakistan)">Daily Times</a>. 14 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190215015943/https://dailytimes.com.pk/228014/blasts-shake-damascus-as-us-and-allies-launch-syria-strikes/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2019. 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Evening Standard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020194819/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/thousands-urge-dont-bomb-syria-in-protests-against-airstrikes-as-theresa-may-grilled-by-mps-a3815496.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2019. 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The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020192718/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/14/parliament-and-public-split-over-theresa-may-decison-to-support-airstrikes-against-syria">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2019. Retrieved 20 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Parliament+and+UK+public+split+over+decision+to+bomb+Syria&rft.date=2018-04-14&rft.aulast=Savage&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Townsend%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2018%2Fapr%2F14%2Fparliament-and-public-split-over-theresa-may-decison-to-support-airstrikes-against-syria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stopwar.org.uk/article/stop-the-war-statement-on-douma-attacks-the-war-in-syria/">"StWC Statement on Douma Attacks & the War in Syria – 09/04/18"</a>. Stop the War Coalition. 9 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220209005646/https://www.stopwar.org.uk/article/stop-the-war-statement-on-douma-attacks-the-war-in-syria/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stop+the+War+Coalition&rft.atitle=StWC+Statement+on+Douma+Attacks+%26+the+War+in+Syria+%E2%80%93+09%2F04%2F18&rft.date=2018-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stopwar.org.uk%2Farticle%2Fstop-the-war-statement-on-douma-attacks-the-war-in-syria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theweek.co.uk/93077/fact-check-the-truth-about-public-support-for-syria-air-strikes">"Fact Check: The truth about public support for Syria air strikes"</a>. The Week UK. 20 April 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Week+UK&rft.atitle=Fact+Check%3A+The+truth+about+public+support+for+Syria+air+strikes&rft.date=2018-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theweek.co.uk%2F93077%2Ffact-check-the-truth-about-public-support-for-syria-air-strikes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AApril+2018+missile+strikes+against+Syria" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Overviews" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Overviews</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Main overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava" class="mw-redirect" title="Rojava">Rojava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Timeline </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Background_and_causes_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Background and causes of the Syrian Civil War">Background and causes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Syrian peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_government_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian government reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syrian government reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belligerents_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Belligerents in the Syrian civil war">Belligerents </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war">Spillover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_cities_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Control of cities during the Syrian civil war">Cities and towns </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarianism_and_minorities_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war">Sectarianism and minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Effects and ongoing concerns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Casualties of the Syrian civil war">Casualties of the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Refugees of the Syrian civil war">Refugees of the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war">Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war">Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Phases and processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_revolution" title="Syrian revolution">Syrian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war">Early insurgency phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%932013_escalation_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="2012–2013 escalation of the Syrian civil war">2012–2013 escalation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_ceasefires" title="Syrian civil war ceasefires">Ceasefires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Syrian peace process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">World reaction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">International reactions to the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Specific groups and countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkish involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria">Turkish occupation of northern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone">Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention in the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_attacks_on_U.S._bases_in_Iraq_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria">2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Area_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish Area in Syria">Kurdish Area in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">Syrian Democratic Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Rojava conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_Joint_Task_Force_%E2%80%93_Operation_Inherent_Resolve" title="Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve">U.S. task force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Agreements and dialogues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian-Turkish_agreement_on_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria">Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AANES%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="AANES–Syria relations">Relations between Syrian government and Kurdish groups in Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Timeline" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Timeline</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Background_and_causes_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Background and causes of the Syrian Civil War">Background</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1963_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1963 Syrian coup d'état">1963 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1966 Syrian coup d'état">1966 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrective_Movement_(Syria)" title="Corrective Movement (Syria)">Corrective Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamist_uprising_in_Syria" title="Islamist uprising in Syria">Islamist uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Latakia_protests" title="1999 Latakia protests">Latakia protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Spring" title="Damascus Spring">Damascus Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Qamishli_riots" title="2004 Qamishli riots">Qamishli riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_occupation_of_Lebanon" title="Syrian occupation of Lebanon">Syrian occupation of Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Declaration" title="Damascus Declaration">Damascus Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Syria" title="Human rights in Syria">Human rights in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_in_Syria_political_history" title="2010s in Syria political history">2010s in Syria political history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2011 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2011)">Jan–Apr</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2011)">May–Aug</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2011)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_uprising_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil uprising phase of the Syrian civil war">Syrian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daraa" title="Siege of Daraa">Siege of Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baniyas" title="Siege of Baniyas">Siege of Baniyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Talkalakh_(May_2011)" title="Siege of Talkalakh (May 2011)">May Talkalakh siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rastan_and_Talbiseh" title="Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh">Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2011_Jisr_ash-Shughur_clashes" title="June 2011 Jisr ash-Shughur clashes">June Jisr ash-Shughur operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hama_(2011)" title="Siege of Hama (2011)">Siege of Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Homs" title="Siege of Homs">Siege of Homs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_operation" title="Summer 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya operation">Jabal al-Zawiya operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Latakia" title="Siege of Latakia">Siege of Latakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)">Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_clashes_(November_2011%E2%80%93March_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq clashes (November 2011–March 2012)">Rif Dimashq clashes (Nov 2011-Mar 2012)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zabadani_(2012)" title="Battle of Zabadani (2012)">Battle of Zabadani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Douma" title="Battle of Douma">Battle of Douma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_Governorate_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Daraa Governorate clashes (2011–2013)">Daraa Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(2011)" title="Battle of Rastan (2011)">Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayrat_and_Tiyas_airbase_ambush" title="Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush">Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (September 2011 – March 2012)">Idlib Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_massacres" title="December 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya massacres">December Jabal al-Zawiya massacres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2012 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2012)">Jan–Apr</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2012)">May–Aug</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2012)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2012_al-Midan_bombing" title="January 2012 al-Midan bombing">January al-Midan bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(January%E2%80%93February_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (January–February 2012)">Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2012)" title="Battle of Idlib (2012)">First Battle of Idlib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2012)">Battle of al-Qusayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">Idlib Governorate operation (Apr)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taftanaz" title="Battle of Taftanaz">Battle of Taftanaz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(May_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (May 2012)">May Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houla_massacre" title="Houla massacre">Houla massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Haffah" title="Battle of al-Haffah">Battle of al-Haffah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qubeir_massacre" title="Al-Qubeir massacre">Al-Qubeir massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tremseh" title="Battle of Tremseh">Battle of Tremseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Damascus_(2012)" title="Battle of Damascus (2012)">Battle of Damascus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18_July_2012_Damascus_bombing" title="18 July 2012 Damascus bombing">18 July 2012 Damascus bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2012%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)">Battle of Aleppo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anadan" title="Battle of Anadan">Battle of Anadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Base_46" title="Siege of Base 46">Siege of Base 46</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_Governorate_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)">Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93October_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–October 2012)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug-Oct)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darayya_massacre" title="Darayya massacre">Darayya massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khirbet_Al-Joz" title="Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz">Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarrat_al-Numan_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Maarrat al-Numan (2012)">Battle of Maarrat al-Numan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2012–2013)">First siege of Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harem" title="Battle of Harem">Battle of Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Nov 2012–Feb 2013)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">Battle of Darayya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqrab_massacre" title="Aqrab massacre">Aqrab massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Hama_offensive" title="2012 Hama offensive">Hama offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halfaya_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Halfaya massacre">Halfaya massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">Battle of Darayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_Governorate_clashes_(2012%E2%80%932014)" title="Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–2014)">Quneitra Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbiseh_bakery_massacre" title="Talbiseh bakery massacre">Talbiseh bakery massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2013 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2013)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2013)">Jan–Apr</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–December 2013)">May–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Safira" title="Battle of Safira">Battle of Safira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaddadi_(2013)" title="Battle of Shaddadi (2013)">Battle of Shadadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_offensive_(2013)" title="Damascus offensive (2013)">Damascus offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)">Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2013)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2013)">Battle of Raqqa (Mar)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Daraa_offensive" title="2013 Daraa offensive">Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(March%E2%80%93August_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Mar–Aug)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jdaidet_al-Fadl" title="Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl">Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghouta_chemical_attack" title="Ghouta chemical attack">Ghouta chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qusayr_offensive" title="Al-Qusayr offensive">Al-Qusayr offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)">Battle of al-Qusayr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayda_and_Baniyas_massacres" title="Bayda and Baniyas massacres">Bayda and Baniyas massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Hama_offensive" title="2013 Hama offensive">Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatla_massacre" title="Hatla massacre">Hatla massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_chemical_attack" title="Khan al-Assal chemical attack">Khan al-Assal chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_massacre" title="Khan al-Assal massacre">Khan al-Assal massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adra_massacre" title="Adra massacre">Adra massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_al-Ayn_(2012%E2%80%9313)" title="Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2012–13)">Battle of Ras al-Ayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2013)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2013)">Battle of Tell Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September–November 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2013)">Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Yaarubiyah" title="Battle of al-Yaarubiyah">Battle of al-Yaarubiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Hamis_and_Tell_Brak_(December_2013%E2%80%93January_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (December 2013–January 2014)">Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (Dec–Jan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2014 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–July 2014)">Jan–Jul</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(August%E2%80%93December_2014)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2014)">Aug–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">First Inter-rebel conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Markada" title="Battle of Markada">Battle of Markada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(April%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (April–July 2014)">Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morek" title="Battle of Morek">Battle of Morek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93May_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (February–May 2014)">Daraa offensive (Feb–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maan_massacre" title="Maan massacre">Maan massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Otaiba_ambush" title="Al-Otaiba ambush">Al-Otaiba ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Idlib_offensive" title="2014 Idlib offensive">Idlib offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hosn" title="Battle of Hosn">Battle of Hosn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Latakia_offensive" title="2014 Latakia offensive">Latakia Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Malihah" title="Battle of Al-Malihah">Battle of Al-Malihah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Kafr_Zita_chemical_attack" title="2014 Kafr Zita chemical attack">Kafr Zita chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2014)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2014)">Second siege of Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2014)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2014)">Qalamoun offensive (Jun–Aug)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsal_(2014)" title="Battle of Arsal (2014)">Battle of Arsal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(July_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (July 2014)">First Battle of the Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Eastern_Syria_offensive" title="2014 Eastern Syria offensive">Eastern Syria offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa_Airbase" title="Battle of Tabqa Airbase">Battle of Tabqa Airbase</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February–July 2014)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hama_offensive" title="2014 Hama offensive">Hama Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Quneitra_offensive" title="2014 Quneitra offensive">Quneitra offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–November 2014)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Koban%C3%AE" title="Siege of Kobanî">Siege of Kobanî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_school_bombing" title="Homs school bombing">Homs school bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(October_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (October 2014)">Daraa offensive (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Al-Safira_offensive" title="2014 Al-Safira offensive">Al-Safira offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_raid_on_Idlib_city" title="2014 raid on Idlib city">Idlib Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front%E2%80%93SRF/Hazzm_Movement_conflict" title="Al-Nusra Front–SRF/Hazzm Movement conflict">Second Inter-Rebel Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(October%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (October–November 2014)">Second Battle of the Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2014)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2014)">Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(December_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (December 2014)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2015 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–July 2015)">Jan–Jul</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(August%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2015)">Aug–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Syrian_Air_Force_An-26_crash" title="2015 Syrian Air Force An-26 crash">Air Force An-26 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(January_2015)" title="Daraa offensive (January 2015)">Daraa Offensive (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2015 Southern Syria offensive">Southern Syria Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Eastern al-Hasakah offensive">Eastern al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(March%E2%80%93April_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (March–April 2015)">Battle of Sarrin (Mar–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(June%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (June–July 2015)">Battle of Sarrin (Jun–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosra_(2015)" title="Battle of Bosra (2015)">Battle of Bosra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Idlib_offensive" title="2015 Idlib offensive">Idlib Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2015)" title="Battle of Idlib (2015)">Second Battle of Idlib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nasib_Border_Crossing" title="Battle of Nasib Border Crossing">Battle of Nasib Border Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yarmouk_Camp_(2015)" title="Battle of Yarmouk Camp (2015)">Battle of Yarmouk Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Western al-Hasakah offensive">Western al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (May 2015)">Palmyra offensive (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Qamishli_bombings" title="2015 Qamishli bombings">Qamishli bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Abyad_offensive" title="Tell Abyad offensive">Tell Abyad offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AE_massacre" title="Kobanî massacre">Kobanî massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2015)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2015)">Quneitra offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (July–August 2015)">Palmyra offensive (Jul–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September_2015)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September 2015)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (October–November 2015)">Northwestern Syria offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2015)">Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_al-Hawl_offensive" title="2015 al-Hawl offensive">Al-Hawl offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Homs offensive (November–December 2015)">Homs offensive (Nov-Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)">East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_Latakia_offensive" title="2015–2016 Latakia offensive">2015–2016 Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tishrin_Dam_offensive" title="Tishrin Dam offensive">Tishrin Dam offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2016 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2016)">Jan–Apr</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2016)">May–Aug</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2016)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2015–2016)">Second Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2016)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2016)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks#January" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">January Sayyidah Zaynab bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February 2016)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93March_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (February–March 2016)">Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Feb–Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shaddadi_offensive_(2016)" title="Al-Shaddadi offensive (2016)">Al-Shaddadi offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Homs_bombings" title="February 2016 Homs bombings">February Homs bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks#February" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">February Sayyidah Zaynab bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Khanasir_offensive" title="2016 Khanasir offensive">Khanasir offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2016)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2016)">Battle of Tel Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarrat_al-Numan_(2016)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Maarrat al-Numan (2016)">Battle of Maarrat al-Numan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2016)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2016)">Battle of Qamishli (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(March%E2%80%93June_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Mar–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(March_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (March 2016)">Palmyra offensive (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2016)">East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (April–May 2016)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Raqqa_offensive" title="Northern Raqqa offensive">Northern Raqqa offensive (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Jableh_and_Tartous_bombings" class="mw-redirect" title="May 2016 Jableh and Tartous bombings">May Jableh & Tartous bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(June_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (June 2016)">Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(June%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (June–October 2016)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Jun–Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manbij_offensive" title="Manbij offensive">Manbij offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokhar_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokhar massacre">Tokhar massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Southern_Aleppo_campaign" title="2016 Southern Aleppo campaign">Southern Aleppo campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Rai_(August_2016)" title="Battle of al-Rai (August 2016)">Battle of al-Rai (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Operation Euphrates Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Aleppo_summer_campaign" title="2016 Aleppo summer campaign">Aleppo summer campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (September 2016)">Western al-Bab offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_September_2016_Syria_bombings" title="5 September 2016 Syria bombings">5 September bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Deir_ez-Zor_air_raid" title="September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid">September Deir ez-Zor air raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Urum_al-Kubra_aid_convoy_attack" title="September 2016 Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack">September Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(September%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (September–October 2016)">Aleppo offensive (Sep–Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Dabiq_offensive" title="2016 Dabiq offensive">Dabiq offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (October–November 2016)">Western al-Bab offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Shih_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Khan al-Shih offensive (October–November 2016)">Khan al-Shih offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Raqqa campaign (2016–2017)">Raqqa campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Bab" title="Battle of al-Bab">Battle of al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)">Aleppo offensive (Nov-Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(December_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (December 2016)">Palmyra offensive (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2017 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2017)">Jan–Apr</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2017)">May–Aug</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2017)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Barada_offensive_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)">Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2017_Azaz_bombing" title="January 2017 Azaz bombing">January Azaz bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2016%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2016–April 2017)">Desert campaign (Dec 16–Apr 17)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(January%E2%80%93March_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (January–March 2017)">Idlib clashes (Jan–Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (January–February 2017)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan–Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (February–June 2017)">Daraa offensive (Feb–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Daraa_offensive_(February_2017)" title="Southwestern Daraa offensive (February 2017)">Southwestern Daraa offensive (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaboun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qaboun offensive (2017)">Qaboun offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(2017)" title="Palmyra offensive (2017)">Palmyra offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2017)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2017)">East Aleppo offensive (Jan–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2017_Damascus_bombings" title="March 2017 Damascus bombings">March Damascus bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_al-Jinah_airstrike" title="2017 al-Jinah airstrike">Al-Jinah airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Hama offensive (March–April 2017)">Hama offensive (Mar–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa" title="Battle of Tabqa">Battle of Tabqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun_chemical_attack" title="Khan Shaykhun chemical attack">Khan Shaykhun chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">Shayrat missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aleppo_suicide_car_bombing" title="2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing">Aleppo bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq" title="April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq">April Turkish airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2017)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)">East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(May%E2%80%93July_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (May–July 2017)">Desert campaign (May–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maskanah_Plains_offensive" title="Maskanah Plains offensive">Maskanah Plains offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Hama_offensive_(2017)" title="East Hama offensive (2017)">East Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2017)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2017)">Battle of Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (June 2017)">Daraa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Southern_Raqqa_offensive" title="2017 Southern Raqqa offensive">Southern Raqqa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Jobar_offensive" title="2017 Jobar offensive">Jobar offensive (Jun–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2017)">Quneitra offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(July_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (July 2017)">Idlib clashes (Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Syria_campaign" title="Central Syria campaign">Central campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">Qalamoun (Jul–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_campaign_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Sep 17–Mar 18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(September_2017)" title="Hama offensive (September 2017)">Hama offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_campaign_(October_2017%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Northwestern Syria campaign (October 2017–February 2018)">Northwestern campaign (Oct 17–Feb 18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_military_operation_in_Idlib_Governorate" title="Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate">Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harasta_(2017%E2%80%932018)" title="Battle of Harasta (2017–2018)">Battle of Harasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Syria_campaign_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Syria campaign (September–December 2017)">Eastern campaign (Sep–Dec)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Euphrates_Crossing_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Euphrates Crossing offensive">Euphrates Crossing offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Mayadin_offensive" title="2017 Mayadin offensive">Mayadin offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (September–November 2017)">Battle of Deir ez-Zor (Sep–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Abu_Kamal_offensive" title="2017 Abu Kamal offensive">Abu Kamal offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Jinn_offensive" title="Beit Jinn offensive">Beit Jinn offensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2018 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2018)">Jan–Apr</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2018)">May–Aug</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2018)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Operation Olive Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khasham" title="Battle of Khasham">Battle of Khasham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(February%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Feb–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (January–February 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Jan–Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Liberation_Front%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(March_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (March 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douma_chemical_attack" title="Douma chemical attack">Douma chemical attack</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Missile strikes (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Homs_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Northern Homs offensive (April–May 2018)">Northern Homs offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Qalamoun_offensive_(April_2018)" title="Eastern Qalamoun offensive (April 2018)">Eastern Qalamoun offensive (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (April–May 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_Governorate_clashes" title="Deir ez-Zor Governorate clashes">Deir ez-Zor clashes (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2018)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2018)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (May–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(June_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (June 2018)">As-Suwayda offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2018 Southern Syria offensive">Southern offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_As-Suwayda_attacks" title="2018 As-Suwayda attacks">As-Suwayda attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (August–November 2018)">As-Suwayda (Aug-Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamishli_clashes_(2018)" title="Qamishli clashes (2018)">Qamishli clashes (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(September_2018)" title="Syria missile strikes (September 2018)">Missile strikes (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian-Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Syrian-Turkish border clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2019 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2019)">Jan–Apr</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2019)">May–Aug</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2019)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Manbij_bombing" title="2019 Manbij bombing">Manbij bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baghuz_Fawqani" title="Battle of Baghuz Fawqani">Battle of Baghuz Fawqani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISIL_insurgency_in_Deir_ez-Zor_(2019)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL insurgency in Deir ez-Zor (2019)">ISIL insurgency in Deir-ez-Zor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AArik_prison_escape_attempt" title="Dêrik prison escape attempt">Dêrik prison escape attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Tell_Rifaat_clashes" title="2019 Tell Rifaat clashes">Tell Rifaat clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)">Northwestern offensive (Apr–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2019_Syria_bombings" title="June 2019 Syria bombings">June bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hass_refugee_camp_bombing" title="Hass refugee camp bombing">Hass refugee camp bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(August_2019)" title="Syria missile strikes (August 2019)">Missile strikes (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Turkish offensive into northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Barisha raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Syria_bombings" title="November 2019 Syria bombings">November bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Israeli_missile_strikes_in_Syria" title="November 2019 Israeli missile strikes in Syria">Israeli missile strikes (Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qah_missile_strike" title="Qah missile strike">Qah missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)">Northwestern offensive (Dec 19–Mar 20)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">US airstrikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2020 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2020%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2020–present)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Syria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Syria">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Afrin_bombing" title="2020 Afrin bombing">Afrin bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)">Idlib Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Kafr_Takharim_airstrike" title="2020 Kafr Takharim airstrike">Kafr-Takharim airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Ayn_Issa_clashes" title="2020–2021 Ayn Issa clashes">Ayn Issa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Deir_ez-Zor_ambush" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Deir ez-Zor ambush">Deir ez-Zor ambush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2021 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2021)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2021)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Qamishli_and_Al-Hasakah" title="Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah">Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(January_2021)" title="Syria missile strikes (January 2021)">Missile strikes (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">US airstrike (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2021)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2021)">Battle of Qamishli (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">US airstrike (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Daraa_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Daraa clashes">Daraa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham%E2%80%93Junud_al-Sham_conflict" title="Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict">Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2022 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2022)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2022)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2022)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2022)">Battle of al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ahrar_al-Sham%E2%80%93Levant_Front_clashes" title="2022 Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes">Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jabal_al-Bishr%C4%AB_clashes" title="2022 Jabal al-Bishrī clashes">Jabal al-Bishrī clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jarqli_airstrikes" title="2022 Jarqli airstrikes">Jarqli airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_clashes_(October_2022)" title="Northern Aleppo clashes (October 2022)">Northern Aleppo clashes (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Operation Claw-Sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_clashes_(December_2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022–present)">Northwest clashes (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">2023 <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2023)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2023)">Jan-Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Al-Sukhnah_attack" title="2023 Al-Sukhnah attack">Al-Sukhnah attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Damascus_airstrike" title="2023 Damascus airstrike">Damascus airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Hama_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Hama attack">Hama attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Northern_Syria_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Northern Syria clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war">Spillover</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Syrian_ceasefire_line_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents during the Syrian civil war">Israel and Golan Heights</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_2017_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="March 2017 Israel–Syria incident">March 2017 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">February 2018 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">May 2018 Israel–Iran incidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_War_in_Iraq_(2014)" title="Timeline of the War in Iraq (2014)">Iraq</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashat_ambush" title="Akashat ambush">Akashat ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_al-Shabah" title="Operation al-Shabah">Operation al-Shabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_War_in_Iraq_(2014)#April" title="Timeline of the War in Iraq (2014)">April 2014 Iraqi border airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">Jordanian border incidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war#2014" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">April 2014 Jordanian border airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Lebanon</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Syria_border_clashes" title="Lebanon–Syria border clashes">Lebanese border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sidon_clash" title="2013 Sidon clash">Battle of Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_embassy_bombing_in_Beirut" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut">Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Lebanon_clashes_(2014)" title="North Lebanon clashes (2014)">North Lebanon clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">Qalamoun (Jul–Aug 2017)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war">Turkey</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clash" title="December 2011 Syrian–Turkish border clash">December 2011 Turkish border clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Turkish_F-4_Phantom_shootdown" title="2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown">2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Syrian–Turkish border clashes">2012 Turkish border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Reyhanl%C4%B1_car_bombings" title="2013 Reyhanlı car bombings">2013 Reyhanlı car bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2014_Turkish_attack_in_Syria" title="January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria">January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Andrei_Karlov" title="Assassination of Andrei Karlov">Assassination of Andrei Karlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Russian_Air_Force_Al-Bab_incident" title="2017 Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident">Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Balyun_airstrikes" title="2020 Balyun airstrikes">2020 Balyun airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield" title="Operation Spring Shield">Operation Spring Shield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;">Elsewhere:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Deir_ez-Zor_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike">Deir ez-Zor missile strike</a> (Iran)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Belligerents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Belligerents</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em">Syria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Syria" title="Politics of Syria">Politics of Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region">Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Movement" title="Arab Socialist Movement">Arab Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Communist_Party_(Bakdash)" title="Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)">Syrian Communist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Military and militias</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Armed_Forces" title="Syrian Armed Forces">Syrian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Resistance" title="Syrian Resistance">Syrian Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine_%E2%80%93_General_Command" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command">PFLP-GC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_al-Quds" title="Liwa al-Quds">al-Quds Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Army" title="Palestine Liberation Army">Palestine Liberation Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian civil war">Hezbollah involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iranian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Iranian involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Fatemiyoun" title="Liwa Fatemiyoun">Liwa Fatemiyoun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian%E2%80%93Syrian_hospital_bombing_campaign" title="Russian–Syrian hospital bombing campaign">medical facility targeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Syria%E2%80%93Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_coalition" title="Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition">Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Mobilization_Forces" title="Popular Mobilization Forces">Popular Mobilization Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_opposition" title="Syrian opposition">Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Interim_Government" title="Syrian Interim Government">Interim government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_of_Syrian_Revolutionary_and_Opposition_Forces" title="National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces">National Coalition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_Coordination_Committees_of_Syria" title="Local Coordination Committees of Syria">Local Coordination Committees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Council_of_the_Syrian_Revolution" title="Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution">Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coordination_Committee_for_Democratic_Change" title="National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change">National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Revolution_General_Commission" title="Syrian Revolution General Commission">Syrian Revolution General Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Support_Group" title="Syrian Support Group">Syrian Support Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adopt_a_Revolution" title="Adopt a Revolution">Adopt a Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council#Syrian_Patriotic_Group" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian Patriotic Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Opposition militias</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Army" title="Syrian National Army">Syrian National Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation" title="National Front for Liberation">National Front for Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Izza" title="Jaysh al-Izza">Army of Glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authenticity_and_Development_Front" title="Authenticity and Development Front">Authenticity and Development Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Free_Tribes" title="Army of Free Tribes">Army of Free Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Commando_Army" title="Revolutionary Commando Army">Revolutionary Commando Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood_in_Syria" title="Muslim Brotherhood in Syria">Muslim Brotherhood in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Wolves_(organization)" title="Grey Wolves (organization)">Grey Wolves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Jordanian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Qatari involvement in the Syrian civil war">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Saudi involvement in the Syrian civil war">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Administration_of_North_and_East_Syria" title="Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria">Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_a_Democratic_Society" title="Movement for a Democratic Society">DFNS Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_Party_(Syria)" title="Democratic Union Party (Syria)">Democratic Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_National_Council" title="Kurdish National Council">Kurdish National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Rojava" title="List of political parties in Rojava">Smaller political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">SDF militias</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Defense_Units" title="People's Defense Units">People's Protection Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Protection_Units" title="Women's Protection Units">Women's Protection Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Terror_Units" title="Anti-Terror Units">Anti-Terror Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sanadid_Forces" title="Al-Sanadid Forces">Al-Sanadid Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Revolutionaries" title="Army of Revolutionaries">Army of Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces_military_councils" title="Syrian Democratic Forces military councils">SDF military councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Military_Council" title="Syriac Military Council">Syriac Military Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Thuwar_al-Raqqa" title="Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa">Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Democratic_Brigade" title="Northern Democratic Brigade">Northern Democratic Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Union_of_Kurdistan" title="Patriotic Union of Kurdistan">Patriotic Union of Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">Kurdistan Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Freedom_Battalion" title="International Freedom Battalion">International Freedom Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_Resistance_Units" title="Sinjar Resistance Units">Sinjar Resistance Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Az%C3%AEdxan_Women%27s_Units" title="Êzîdxan Women's Units">Êzîdxan Women's Units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Islamic_State" title="Military of the Islamic State">Military activity of ISIL</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Barakah_(Islamic_State_administrative_district)" title="Al-Barakah (Islamic State administrative district)">Al-Barakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokumac%C4%B1lar" title="Dokumacılar">Dokumacılar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_ibn_al-Walid_Army" title="Khalid ibn al-Walid Army">Khalid ibn al-Walid Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yarmouk_Martyrs_Brigade" title="Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade">Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Muthanna_Movement" title="Islamic Muthanna Movement">Islamic Muthanna Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Jihad" title="Jaysh al-Jihad">Jaysh al-Jihad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jund_al-Aqsa" title="Jund al-Aqsa">Liwa al-Aqsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_the_One_and_Only" title="Group of the One and Only">Group of the One and Only</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Dawud" title="Liwa Dawud">Liwa Dawud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Aqab_al-Islami" title="Liwa Aqab al-Islami">Liwa Aqab al-Islami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katibah_Nusantara" title="Katibah Nusantara">Katibah Nusantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katiba_al-Bittar_al-Libi" title="Katiba al-Bittar al-Libi">Katiba al-Bittar al-Libi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khansaa_Brigade" title="Al-Khansaa Brigade">Al-Khansaa Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_the_One_and_Only" title="Group of the One and Only">Group of the One and Only</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jabhat_Fatah_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Jabhat Fatah al-Sham">Jabhat Fatah al-Sham</a> (<a href="/wiki/Khorasan_group" title="Khorasan group">Khorasan group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suqour_al-Ezz" title="Suqour al-Ezz">Suqour al-Ezz</a>) <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_Muhammad_in_Bilad_al-Sham" title="Jaysh Muhammad in Bilad al-Sham">Jaysh Muhammad in Bilad al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria" title="Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria">Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Emirate" title="Caucasus Emirate">Caucasus Emirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajnad_al-Kavkaz" title="Ajnad al-Kavkaz">Ajnad al-Kavkaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junud_al-Makhdi" title="Junud al-Makhdi">Junud al-Makhdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouse_the_Believers_Operations_Room" title="Rouse the Believers Operations Room">Rouse the Believers Operations Room</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Tawhid_(Syria)" title="Ansar al-Tawhid (Syria)">Ansar al-Tawhid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Firqat_al-Ghuraba" title="Firqat al-Ghuraba">Firqat al-Ghuraba</a>), <a href="/wiki/Hurras_al-Din" title="Hurras al-Din">Hurras al-Din</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Din_Front" title="Ansar al-Din Front">Ansar al-Din Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Harakat_Sham_al-Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Harakat Sham al-Islam">Harakat Sham al-Islam</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Islam_in_Kurdistan" title="Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan">Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaish_al-Haramoun" title="Jaish al-Haramoun">Jaish al-Haramoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Sunna" title="Jaysh al-Sunna">Jaysh al-Sunna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_al-Muhajireen_wal-Ansar" title="Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar">Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Battalion" title="Green Battalion">Green Battalion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujahideen_Shura_Council_(Syria)" title="Mujahideen Shura Council (Syria)">Mujahideen Shura Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malhama_Tactical" title="Malhama Tactical">Malhama Tactical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katibat_al-Tawhid_wal-Jihad" title="Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad">Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jama%27at_Ansar_al-Furqan_in_Bilad_al_Sham" title="Jama'at Ansar al-Furqan in Bilad al Sham">Jama'at Ansar al-Furqan in Bilad al Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghuraba_al-Sham" title="Ghuraba al-Sham">Ghuraba al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Taliban" title="Pakistani Taliban">Pakistani Taliban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imam_Bukhari_Jamaat" title="Imam Bukhari Jamaat">Imam Bukhari Jamaat</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatah_al-Islam" title="Fatah al-Islam">Fatah al-Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajirin_wa-Ansar_Alliance" title="Muhajirin wa-Ansar Alliance">Muhajirin wa-Ansar Alliance</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liwaa_al-Umma" title="Liwaa al-Umma">Liwaa al-Umma</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="People" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammar_Abdulhamid" title="Ammar Abdulhamid">Ammar Abdulhamid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Abdallah" title="Ali al-Abdallah">Ali al-Abdallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_al-Aroor" title="Adnan al-Aroor">Adnan al-Aroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Assad_family" title="Al-Assad family">al-Assad family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maher_al-Assad" title="Maher al-Assad">Maher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifaat_al-Assad" title="Rifaat al-Assad">Rifaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Makhlouf" title="Rami Makhlouf">Rami Makhlouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafez_Makhlouf" title="Hafez Makhlouf">Hafez Makhlouf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_al-Asaad" title="Riad al-Asaad">Riad al-Asaad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_al-Bunni" title="Anwar al-Bunni">Anwar al-Bunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahd_Jassem_al-Freij" title="Fahd Jassem al-Freij">Fahd Jassem al-Freij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheil_al-Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Suheil al-Hassan">Suheil al-Hassan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitham_al-Maleh" title="Haitham al-Maleh">Haitham al-Maleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moaz_al-Khatib" title="Moaz al-Khatib">Moaz al-Khatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_al-Labwani" title="Kamal al-Labwani">Kamal al-Labwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Hamza al-Khateeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_al-Mallohi" title="Tal al-Mallohi">Tal al-Mallohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fida_al-Sayed" title="Fida al-Sayed">Fida al-Sayed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_al-Turk" title="Riad al-Turk">Riad al-Turk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_Khoja" title="Khaled Khoja">Khaled Khoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammar_al-Qurabi" title="Ammar al-Qurabi">Ammar al-Qurabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheir_Atassi" title="Suheir Atassi">Suheir Atassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Sadreddine_Al-Bayanouni" title="Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni">Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aref_Dalila" title="Aref Dalila">Aref Dalila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farid_Ghadry" title="Farid Ghadry">Farid Ghadry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Ghalioun" title="Burhan Ghalioun">Burhan Ghalioun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razan_Ghazzawi" title="Razan Ghazzawi">Razan Ghazzawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghassan_Hitto" title="Ghassan Hitto">Ghassan Hitto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salim_Idris" title="Salim Idris">Salim Idris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randa_Kassis" title="Randa Kassis">Randa Kassis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Halim_Khaddam" title="Abdul Halim Khaddam">Abdul Halim Khaddam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Kilo" title="Michel Kilo">Michel Kilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassma_Kodmani" title="Bassma Kodmani">Bassma Kodmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Habib_Mahmud" title="Ali Habib Mahmud">Ali Habib Mahmud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mahmoud_Othman" title="Ali Mahmoud Othman">Ali Mahmoud Othman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Qashoush" title="Ibrahim Qashoush">Ibrahim Qashoush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawoud_Rajiha" title="Dawoud Rajiha">Dawoud Rajiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yassin_al-Haj_Saleh" title="Yassin al-Haj Saleh">Yassin al-Haj Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouthaina_Shaaban" title="Bouthaina Shaaban">Bouthaina Shaaban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulbaset_Sieda" title="Abdulbaset Sieda">Abdulbaset Sieda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_Seif" title="Riad Seif">Riad Seif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fadwa_Souleimane" title="Fadwa Souleimane">Fadwa Souleimane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamad_Anas_Haitham_Soueid" title="Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid">Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaser_Tabbara" title="Yaser Tabbara">Yaser Tabbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razan_Zaitouneh" title="Razan Zaitouneh">Razan Zaitouneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Jarrah" title="Rami Jarrah">Rami Jarrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdurrahman_Mustafa" title="Abdurrahman Mustafa">Abdurrahman Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fadlallah_al-Haji" title="Fadlallah al-Haji">Fadlallah al-Haji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Related" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Syrian_local_elections" title="2011 Syrian local elections">2011 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2012 Syrian parliamentary election">2012 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Syrian_presidential_election" title="2014 Syrian presidential election">2014 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Rojava_local_elections" title="2015 Rojava local elections">2015 Northern local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2016 Syrian parliamentary election">2016 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Rojava_local_elections" title="2017 Rojava local elections">2017 Northern local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Rojava_regional_elections" title="2017 Rojava regional elections">2017 Northern regional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian_local_elections" title="2018 Syrian local elections">2018 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Syrian parliamentary election">2020 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Syrian_presidential_election" title="2021 Syrian presidential election">2021 presidential election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Casualties of the Syrian civil war">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cities_and_towns_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities and towns during the Syrian civil war">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_chemical_weapons_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Use of chemical weapons in the Syrian civil war">Chemical weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_damaged_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of heritage sites damaged during the Syrian civil war">Damaged heritage sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war">Human rights violations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war">Humanitarian aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_demonstrations_and_protests_relating_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International demonstrations and protests relating to the Syrian civil war">International demonstrations and protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">International reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of massacres during the Syrian civil war">Massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Refugees of the Syrian civil war">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarianism_and_minorities_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war">Sectarianism and minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Status_of_the_Golan_Heights" class="mw-redirect" title="Status of the Golan Heights">Status of the Golan Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Spillover in Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_government_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian government reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syrian government reactions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Peace process</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League_monitors_in_Syria" title="Arab League monitors in Syria">Arab League monitors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Syria_Group" title="Friends of Syria Group">Friends of Syria Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan">Kofi Annan peace plan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Supervision_Mission_in_Syria" title="United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria">UN supervision mission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhdar_Brahimi_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Lakhdar Brahimi Syrian peace plan">Lakhdar Brahimi peace plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Russia_peace_proposals_on_Syria" title="U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria">U.S.–Russia peace proposals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">39th G8 summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2118" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2118">UN Security Council Resolution 2118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_II_Conference_on_Syria" title="Geneva II Conference on Syria">Geneva II conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Zabadani_cease-fire_agreement" title="2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement">2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_peace_talks_for_Syria" title="Vienna peace talks for Syria">Vienna talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_peace_talks_on_Syria_(2016)" title="Geneva peace talks on Syria (2016)">2016 Geneva talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Idlib demilitarization (2018–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Northern Syria Buffer Zone">First Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone">Second Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Constitutional_Committee" title="Syrian Constitutional Committee">Syrian Constitutional Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War crimes trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkerstrafgesetzbuch#Syrian_civil_war" title="Völkerstrafgesetzbuch">Universal jurisdiction trials in Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_mandate" title="Exclusive mandate">Exclusive mandate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Syrian_National_Council" title="International recognition of the Syrian National Council">International recognition of the Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_Files" title="Syria Files">Syria Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Syrian_detainee_report" title="2014 Syrian detainee report">Syrian detainee report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_coverage_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Media coverage of the Syrian civil war">Syrian media coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_European_migrant_crisis" title="2015 European migrant crisis">2015 European migrant crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_in_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian civil war in popular culture">Syrian civil war in popular culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Syrian_civil_war" title="Category:Syrian civil war">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump_(2017–2021)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Template:First presidency of Donald Trump"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Template talk:First presidency of Donald Trump"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Special:EditPage/Template:First presidency of Donald Trump"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump_(2017–2021)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">First presidency of Donald Trump</a> (2017–2021)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tenure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Donald_Trump" title="First inauguration of Donald Trump">Inauguration</a> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_First_Inaugural_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Donald Trump's First Inaugural Address">speech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Opinion polling on the first Donald Trump administration">Opinion polling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_opinion_polling_on_the_Donald_Trump_administration" title="2017 opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_opinion_polling_on_the_Donald_Trump_administration" title="2018 opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_opinion_polling_on_the_Donald_Trump_administration" title="2019 opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration">2019</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_use_by_Donald_Trump" title="Social media use by Donald Trump">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_elections" title="2018 United States elections">2018 midterm elections</a></li> <li>Government shutdowns <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2018_United_States_federal_government_shutdown" title="January 2018 United States federal government shutdown">January 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932019_United_States_federal_government_shutdown" title="2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown">2018–2019</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_actions_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of executive actions by Donald Trump">Executive actions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_orders_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of executive orders by Donald Trump">executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_proclamations_by_Donald_Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="List of proclamations by Donald Trump">presidential proclamations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Death and state funeral of George H. W. Bush">State funeral of George H. W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Death and state funeral of Ruth Bader Ginsburg">State funeral of Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_granted_executive_clemency_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of people granted executive clemency by Donald Trump">Executive clemency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pardon_of_Joe_Arpaio" title="Pardon of Joe Arpaio">pardon of Joe Arpaio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Wallie_Howard_Jr." title="Murder of Wallie Howard Jr.">commutation of Jaime Davidson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_travel_ban" title="Trump travel ban">Travel bans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_Executive_Order_13769" title="Reactions to Executive Order 13769">reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_challenges_to_the_Trump_travel_ban" title="Legal challenges to the Trump travel ban">legal challenges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Executive_Order_13769" title="Protests against Executive Order 13769">protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13780" title="Executive Order 13780">replacement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_wall" title="Trump wall">Trump wall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13767" title="Executive Order 13767">Executive Order 13767</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_family_separation_policy" title="Trump administration family separation policy">Family separation policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_migrant_detentions" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump administration migrant detentions">Migrant detentions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Faithful_Patriot" title="Operation Faithful Patriot">Operation Faithful Patriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal" title="Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal">Stormy Daniels scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Am_Part_of_the_Resistance_Inside_the_Trump_Administration" title="I Am Part of the Resistance Inside the Trump Administration">Anonymous senior official op-ed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_relations#Trump_administration_(2017–2021)" title="Israel–United States relations">Relations with Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_Jerusalem_as_capital_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel">Jerusalem recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_the_Golan_Heights_as_part_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of the Golan Heights as part of Israel">Golan Heights recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_peace_plan" title="Trump peace plan">Peace plan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Accords" title="Abraham Accords">Abraham Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">UAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Morocco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_and_Serbia_economic_normalization_agreements" title="Kosovo and Serbia economic normalization agreements">Kosovo–Serbia agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_North_Korea_crisis" title="2017–2018 North Korea crisis">North Korea crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_Korean_peace_process" title="2018–19 Korean peace process">peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Singapore_Summit" title="2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit">Singapore summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Hanoi_Summit" title="2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit">Hanoi summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Koreas%E2%80%93United_States_DMZ_Summit" title="2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit">DMZ summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Ukraine_scandal" title="Trump–Ukraine scandal">Trump–Ukraine scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations#Trump_administration_(2017–2021)" title="Russia–United States relations">Relations with Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2018 Russia–United States summit">Helsinki summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Links_between_Trump_associates_and_Russian_officials" title="Links between Trump associates and Russian officials">Links between Trump administration and Russian government officials</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_bounty_program" title="Russian bounty program">Russian bounty program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_farmer_bailouts" title="Trump administration farmer bailouts">Farmer bailouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_States%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_arms_deal" title="2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal">Saudi Arabia arms deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">Syria strikes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">2017</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2018</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_United_States_invasion_of_Venezuela" title="Proposed United States invasion of Venezuela">Proposed invasion of Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Tsai_call" title="Trump–Tsai call">Taiwan call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="United States withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">Assassination of Qasem Soleimani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_U.S._troop_withdrawal_from_Afghanistan" title="2020–2021 U.S. troop withdrawal from Afghanistan">Afghanistan withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_communication_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump administration communication during the COVID-19 pandemic">Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak" title="White House COVID-19 outbreak">White House COVID-19 outbreak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_political_interference_with_science_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump administration political interference with science agencies">Political interference with science agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_federal_government_data_breach" title="2020 United States federal government data breach">Federal government data breach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossfire_Hurricane_(FBI_investigation)" title="Crossfire Hurricane (FBI investigation)">Crossfire Hurricane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_disclosures_of_classified_information" title="Donald Trump's disclosures of classified information">Classified information disclosures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mueller_special_counsel_investigation" title="Mueller special counsel investigation">Mueller special counsel investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_special_counsel_investigation" title="Durham special counsel investigation">Durham special counsel investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_affairs_of_Donald_Trump_as_president" title="Legal affairs of Donald Trump as president">Legal affairs</a></li> <li>Impeachments <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_resolutions_introduced_against_Donald_Trump" title="List of impeachment resolutions introduced against Donald Trump">resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Donald_Trump" title="Impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump">impeachment inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">first impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">first trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">second impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump">second trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expungements_of_the_impeachments_of_Donald_Trump" title="Proposed expungements of the impeachments of Donald Trump">proposed expungements</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_photo_op_at_St._John%27s_Church" title="Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church">Photo op at St. John's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore_Fireworks_Celebration" title="Mount Rushmore Fireworks Celebration">2020 Mount Rushmore Fireworks Celebration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Garden_of_American_Heroes" title="National Garden of American Heroes">National Garden of American Heroes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">Attempts to overturn the 2020 presidential election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stop_the_Steal" class="mw-redirect" title="Stop the Steal">Stop the Steal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="Timeline of the January 6 United States Capitol attack">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="Aftermath of the January 6 United States Capitol attack">aftermath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_inauguration_week_protests" title="2021 United States inauguration week protests">continued protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_reactions_to_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="Domestic reactions to the January 6 United States Capitol attack">domestic reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="International reactions to the January 6 United States Capitol attack">international reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Trump_Presidential_Library" title="Donald J. Trump Presidential Library">Presidential Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Neil Gorsuch Supreme Court nomination">Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Brett Kavanaugh Supreme Court nomination">Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Amy Coney Barrett Supreme Court nomination">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Donald Trump Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Donald Trump judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidential transition of Joe Biden">Biden transition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidencies" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_presidency" title="First 100 days of the first Donald Trump presidency">First 100 days</a></li> <li>2017 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2017_Q1)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2017 Q1)">Q1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2017_Q2)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2017 Q2)">Q2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2017_Q3)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2017 Q3)">Q3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2017_Q4)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2017 Q4)">Q4</a></li></ul></li> <li>2018 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2018_Q1)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2018 Q1)">Q1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2018_Q2)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2018 Q2)">Q2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2018_Q3)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2018 Q3)">Q3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2018_Q4)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2018 Q4)">Q4</a></li></ul></li> <li>2019 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2019_Q1)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2019 Q1)">Q1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2019_Q2)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2019 Q2)">Q2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2019_Q3)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2019 Q3)">Q3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2019_Q4)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2019 Q4)">Q4</a></li></ul></li> <li>2020 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2020_Q1)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2020 Q1)">Q1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2020_Q2)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2020 Q2)">Q2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2020_Q3)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2020 Q3)">Q3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2020_Q4%E2%80%93January_2021)" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2020 Q4–January 2021)">Q4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidency_(2020_Q4%E2%80%93January_2021)#January_2021" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidency (2020 Q4–January 2021)">January 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump">Trips</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2017)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2017)">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2018)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2018)">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2019)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2019)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2020%E2%80%9321)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2020–21)">2020–2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of international presidential trips made by Donald Trump">international</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_Rex_Tillerson_as_United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="List of international trips made by Rex Tillerson as United States Secretary of State">by Rex Tillerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_Mike_Pompeo_as_United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="List of international trips made by Mike Pompeo as United States Secretary of State">by Mike Pompeo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Riyadh_summit" title="2017 Riyadh summit">Riyadh summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Singapore_Summit" title="2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit">Singapore summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2018 Russia–United 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