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href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugha_za_Kigunwinyguan" title="Lugha za Kigunwinyguan – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lugha za Kigunwinyguan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengas_gunwinyguanas" title="Lengas gunwinyguanas – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lengas gunwinyguanas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_makrogunwinyguskie" title="Języki makrogunwinyguskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Języki makrogunwinyguskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" 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role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Arnhem_Land_languages" title="Arnhem Land languages">Arnhem Land languages</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Marran languages" redirects here. For Maran languages of the Pama–Nyungan family, see <a href="/wiki/Maric_languages" title="Maric languages">Maric languages</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Australian Aboriginal languages</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eba9ee;">Macro-Gunwinyguan</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #eba9ee;">Arnhem</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Geographic<br />distribution</th><td class="infobox-data">northern Australia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Linguistic classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Macro-Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Macro-Pama–Nyungan languages">Macro-Pama–Nyungan</a>?<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px;padding-left:0"><li><b>Macro-Gunwinyguan</b></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="plainlist"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subdivisions</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maningrida_languages" title="Maningrida languages">Maningrida</a></li> <li>Gunwinyguan</li> <li>East Arnhem</li> <li>Marran</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alawa_language" title="Alawa language">Alawa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mangarrayi_language" title="Mangarrayi language">Mangarrayi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kungarakany_language" title="Kungarakany language">Kungarakany</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gagudju_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gagudju language">Gagudju</a></i></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #eba9ee;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><samp><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/gunw1250">gunw1250</a></code></samp>  <span class="nowrap">(Gunwinyguan)</span><br /><samp><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mani1293">mani1293</a></samp>  <span class="nowrap">(Maningrida)</span><br /><samp><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mang1423">mang1423</a></code></samp>  <span class="nowrap">(Mangarrayi-Maran)</span><br /><samp><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/kung1259">kung1259</a></code></samp>  <span class="nowrap">(Kungarakany)</span><br /><samp><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/gaga1251">gaga1251</a></code></samp>  <span class="nowrap">(Gaagudju)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arnhem_languages.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Arnhem_languages.png/300px-Arnhem_languages.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Arnhem_languages.png/450px-Arnhem_languages.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/Arnhem_languages.png/600px-Arnhem_languages.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="576" /></a></span><div style="text-align:left;">The Arnhem languages (purple), and other non-Pama–Nyungan languages (grey). Below (closeup): the individual families.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arnhem_languages_(closeup).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/79/Arnhem_languages_%28closeup%29.png/300px-Arnhem_languages_%28closeup%29.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/79/Arnhem_languages_%28closeup%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="182" /></a></span><br /><div style="text-align:left;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#CC6666; color:black;"> </span> Kungarakany   </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00A1E8; color:black;"> </span> Gaagudju</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFC90E; color:black;"> </span> Maningrida</div> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#A349A4; color:white;"> </span> Gunwinyguan</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B5E61D; color:black;"> </span> East Arnhem</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#EFE4B0; color:black;"> </span> Marran</div> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Macro-Gunwinyguan</b> languages, also called <b>Arnhem</b> or <b>Gunwinyguan</b>, are a family of <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Australian Aboriginal languages">Australian Aboriginal languages</a> spoken across eastern <a href="/wiki/Arnhem_Land" title="Arnhem Land">Arnhem Land</a> in northern Australia. Their relationship has been demonstrated through shared morphology in their verbal inflections. </p><p>Many of the languages have a <a href="/wiki/Fortis_and_lenis" title="Fortis and lenis">fortis–lenis</a> contrast in plosive consonants. Lenis/short plosives have weak contact and intermittent voicing, while fortis/long plosives have full closure, a more powerful release burst, and no voicing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages">Languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macro-Gunwinyguan_languages&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rebecca Green (2004) reconstructed the paradigms of 28 Proto-Arnhem verbs.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The languages included by Green are as follows, though Green only accepts Maningrida as a demonstrated branch:<sup id="cite_ref-Green_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><b>Macro-Gunwinyguan</b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Maningrida_languages" title="Maningrida languages">Maningrida</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burarra_language" title="Burarra language">Burarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guragone_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Guragone language">Guragone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djeebbana_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Djeebbana language">Djeebbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakkara_language" title="Nakkara language">Nakkara</a></li></ul></li> <li>? <b>East Arnhem</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nunggubuyu_language" title="Nunggubuyu language">Nunggubuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngandi_language" title="Ngandi language">Ngandi</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enindhilyagwa_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Enindhilyagwa language">Anindilyakwa</a> (Enindhilyagwa)*</li></ul></li> <li>? <b>Marran</b>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marra_language" title="Marra language">Marra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warndarang_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Warndarang language">Warndarang</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li> <li>?<a href="/wiki/Yugul_language" title="Yugul language">Yugul</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li> <li>?<a href="/wiki/Alawa_language" title="Alawa language">Alawa</a>*</li> <li>?<a href="/wiki/Mangarayi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangarayi language">Mangarayi</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kungarakany_language" title="Kungarakany language">Kungarakany</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaagudju_language" title="Gaagudju language">Gaagudju</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li> <li>? <b><a href="/wiki/Gunwinyguan_languages" title="Gunwinyguan languages">Gunwinyguan</a></b> (Gunwinyguan proper) <ul><li>Gunwinggic: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kunwinjku_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kunwinjku language">Kunwinjku</a> (Gunwinggu, Bininj Kunwok)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunbarlang_language" title="Gunbarlang language">Gunbarlang</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawoyn_language" title="Jawoyn language">Jawoyn</a> (Djauan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalabon_language" title="Dalabon language">Dalabon</a> (Ngalkbun) <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li> <li>Jala (Rembarngic): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rembarunga_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembarunga language">Rembarunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngalakgan_language" title="Ngalakgan language">Ngalakgan</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li></ul></li> <li>Warrayic: <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warray_language" title="Warray language">Waray</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwinymil_language" title="Uwinymil language">Uwinymil</a> <abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <p>This is close to what Evans (1997) proposed under the name <b>Gunwinyguan</b> (cf. his very different proposal of <i><a href="/wiki/Arnhem_Land_languages" title="Arnhem Land languages">Arnhem Land languages</a></i>.) </p><p>Marra, Warndarrang, Alawa, and Mangarrayi have been argued to constitute a <b>Marran</b> family of considerable time depth (Sharpe 2008).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Heath (1990)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> demonstrated an <b>East Arnhem</b> family of Ngandi + Nunggubuyu, to which Enindhilyagwa was added (as a closer relative to Nunggubuyu) by Van Egmond (2012).<sup id="cite_ref-Van_Egmond_2012_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Van_Egmond_2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bowern_2017_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowern_2017-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, Green (2003) argues that only Maningrida has been established as a valid subgroup, and that the interrelationships of the other languages are as yet unclear. The evidence for Gunwinyguan and perhaps other nodes listed above may simply be reflections of a relationship of all Arnhem languages when only a subset of them was investigated. That is, these groups may be based on shared retentions of Proto-Arnhem rather than distinct historical developments. (However, in reviewing Green, Evans pointed out that much of the Maningrida morphology was also shared by Mangarrayi.<sup id="cite_ref-Green_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) An agnostic view of the family would list each language separately, except for the established Maningrida branch: </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Kungarakany_language" title="Kungarakany language">Kungarakany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangarrayi_language" title="Mangarrayi language">Mangarrayi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marra_language" title="Marra language">Marra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maningrida_languages" title="Maningrida languages">Maningrida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ngalakgan_language" title="Ngalakgan language">Ngalakgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bininj_Kunwok" title="Bininj Kunwok">Bininj Kunwok</a> (Gunwinggu), <a href="/wiki/Warndarrang_language" title="Warndarrang language">Warndarrang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uwinymil_language" title="Uwinymil language">Uwinymil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaagudju_language" title="Gaagudju language">Gaagudju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dalabon_language" title="Dalabon language">Dalabon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kunbarlang_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kunbarlang language">Kunbarlang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rembarrnga_language" title="Rembarrnga language">Rembarrnga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nunggubuyu_language" title="Nunggubuyu language">Nunggubuyu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawoyn_language" title="Jawoyn language">Jawoyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warray_language" title="Warray language">Warray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ngandi_language" title="Ngandi language">Ngandi</a></dd></dl> <p>*Green does not address Anindilyakwa, Alawa, or Yugul. Yugul is too poorly attested for comparison based on her methods; the other two await validation. </p><p>Yangmanic, including <a href="/wiki/Wardaman_language" title="Wardaman language">Wardaman</a>, had once been included in Gunwinyguan, but has been removed from recent classifications. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_classification">External classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macro-Gunwinyguan_languages&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: External classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Evans_(linguist)" title="Nicholas Evans (linguist)">Evans</a> (1997) proposes that these languages are related to <a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a> in a family he calls <a href="/wiki/Macro-Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Macro-Pama–Nyungan languages">Macro-Pama–Nyungan</a>, but this has not yet been demonstrated.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003, he proposed that they are also related to the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daly_languages" title="Eastern Daly languages">Eastern Daly languages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vocabulary">Vocabulary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macro-Gunwinyguan_languages&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Vocabulary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Capell" title="Arthur Capell">Capell</a> (1940) lists the following basic vocabulary items for the Gunwinyguan languages:<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>gloss </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bininj_Kunwok" title="Bininj Kunwok">Gunwinggu</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Gunbarlang_language" title="Gunbarlang language">Gunbarlang</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Ngandi_language" title="Ngandi language">Ngaɖi</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>man </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">biniṉ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">giɖimarg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">ŋarga</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>woman </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">muli‘muliŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">baramimbaṉ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gandar</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>head </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungɔidj</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">gɔidjgɔidj</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">waːlu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>eye </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunmin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">wumu</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">milba</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>nose </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungɛb</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">wumɛːli</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">mulju</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>mouth </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundaŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">djaːɖɛɽ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">lira</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>tongue </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundjɛn</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">ŋaːg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">djälaṉ</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>stomach </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunjan</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">mugmaɳɖi</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">djaːla</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>bone </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunmuruŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">gɛːgɛg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gidji</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>blood </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungulba</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">moɭobin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">djugän</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>kangaroo </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gɔɳɔbɔlɔ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">goːin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">djädji</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>opossum </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">djɛːbui</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">gundärbu</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">djaŋana</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>emu </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gurugaiju</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">maɳɖɛb</i></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>crow </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">waːg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">djidaːwun</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">djäŋilga</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>fly </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">bɔːd</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">mog</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">ŋurin</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>sun </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunduŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">gaːnag</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">bɽaŋu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>moon </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">diːd</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">wurana</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">jagan</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>fire </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunɽag</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">wiɖidj</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">waɭu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>smoke </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundɔlŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">wungawu</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gundjuru</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>water </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunɽɔin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Kunbarlang-language text"><i lang="wlg">njunjug</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">ŋaba</i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <p><br /> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Capell" title="Arthur Capell">Capell</a> (1942) lists the following additional basic vocabulary items for the Gunwinyguan languages:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>gloss</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bininj_Gun-Wok" class="mw-redirect" title="Bininj Gun-Wok">Southern Gunwinggu</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bininj_Gun-Wok" class="mw-redirect" title="Bininj Gun-Wok">Muralidban</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Anindilyakwa_language" title="Anindilyakwa language">Andiljaugwa</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Nunggubuyu_language" title="Nunggubuyu language">Nunggubuyu</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Warndarang_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Warndarang language">Wandarang</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Ngandi_language" title="Ngandi language">Ngandi</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Rembarrnga_language" title="Rembarrnga language">Rainbarngo</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Dalabon_language" title="Dalabon language">Buan</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Dalabon_language" title="Dalabon language">Gundangbon</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>man </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">binin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">binin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">nanamamalja</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">nawarinjuŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">nawaɽiji</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">nijul</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">biː</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">jawurin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">biji</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>woman </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">dalug</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">ŋalwareːrulg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">wudáriŋga</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">ŋaramaninjuŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">ŋiwoibi</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">namanaŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">diŋ‘</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">giɖigiɖ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">girigidj</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>head </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungoidj</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungoidan</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">ariŋga</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">jinag</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wugululu</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gulaŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">djara</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">gɔidj</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">gɔidj</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>eye </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunmiːm</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunmiːm</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">meːnba</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">bagaɭa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">mamaguɽ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">maŋandjula</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">gaindjulja</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">mïmï</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">mumu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>nose </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungəb</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungəb</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">aminda</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">jɔmɔːr</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wundjíriba</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gwijiban</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">giːja</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">djɛː</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">djɛː</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>mouth </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundaŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundaŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">adira</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">ɽamadan</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wuŋaːndal</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gudagula</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">diːjälŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">daːləː</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">dalugaɽa‘</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>tongue </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundjen</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundjen</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">aljäljigba</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">laːn</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wudjijil</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gudälŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">diːjälŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">dɛl</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">djɛn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>stomach </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunjam</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunmelem</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">mulgwa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">ŋuɖan</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wuŋandja</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">mowara</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">giːna</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">guː</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">ŋu‘</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>bone </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunmuruŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunmuruŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">adidira</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">ŋagaɽa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wuŋaɽaga</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">guŋaɽaga</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">balmana</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">mɔː</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">mɔː</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>blood </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungulba</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gungulba</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">meːra</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">wulaŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">maŋulidji</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">mabaɳgo</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">gulbana</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">guraidj</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">gulba</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>kangaroo </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">goɳobolo</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundagi</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">juburáda</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">ŋargọ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">mulbia</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">mulbia</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">bulaidj-bulaidj</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">guiṉ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">guiṉ</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>opossum </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">djɛːbui</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">duri</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">juguŋba</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">jirgi</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">ajirgin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">aɖawa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">marŋo</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">dugula</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">dugula</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>emu </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gurugaiju</i></span></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">wajin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">ŋiwurugan</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">awurban</i></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">ŋuroɖo</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">ŋuroɖo</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>crow </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">waːg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">waːg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">jiŋwa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">wɔːwag</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">waɽgwaɽg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">awa‘wa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">wa‘wa‘</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">wa‘wa‘</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">wa‘wa‘</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>fly </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">bɔːd</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">bɔːd</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">juwama</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">amun</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">awamun</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">abɔd</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">buad</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">mɔɽ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">bɔːd</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>sun </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunduŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">ŋalbɛnbe</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">mamaːwura</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">aɭir</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">ŋinguŋaru</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">mawaɭir</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">muda</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">walir</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">bɛbagar</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>moon </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">diːɖ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">diːɖ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">jimaːwura</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">labama</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">nadaŋadaŋa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">nigurŋa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">gurŋa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">diɖ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">gurŋa</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>fire </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunag</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunag</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">aŋuɽa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">ŋuɽa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wuŋambur</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gudaŋi</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">ŋuɽa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">mimäl</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">mimäl</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>smoke </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundɔlŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gundɔlŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">aŋwara</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">wuŋuban</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wundular</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gubán</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">dɔːɭŋ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">dɔlgnɔ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">djunör</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>water </th> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gogo</i></span></td> <td><span title="Gunwinggu-language text"><i lang="gup">gunɽɔːṉ</i></span></td> <td><span title="Anindilyakwa-language text"><i lang="aoi">aguŋwa</i></span></td> <td><span title="Nunggubuyu-language text"><i lang="nuy">agogo</i></span></td> <td><span title="Wandarang-language text"><i lang="wnd">wuŋaladja</i></span></td> <td><span title="Ngandi-language text"><i lang="nid">gujärg</i></span></td> <td><span title="Rembarrnga-language text"><i lang="rmb">djula</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">waː</i></span></td> <td><span title="Dalabon-language text"><i lang="ngk">waː</i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proto-language">Proto-language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macro-Gunwinyguan_languages&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Proto-language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eba9ee;">Proto-Gunwinyguan</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reconstruction of</th><td class="infobox-data">Gunwinyguan languages</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Below are some reconstructed Proto-Gunwinyguan (i.e., Proto-Gunwinyguan <i>proper</i>) animal and plant names from Harvey (2003):<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Proto-Gunwinyguan animal names </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>no.</th> <th>gloss</th> <th>Proto-Gunwinyguan </th></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eleotridae" title="Eleotridae">gudgeon</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cakorlk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">centipede</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">calarr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Acanthophis" title="Acanthophis">death adder</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">campVn/rn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>26</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frill-necked_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Frill-necked lizard">frill-necked lizard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cangkurr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>31</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quoll" title="Quoll">quoll</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cappo</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>32</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long-horned_grasshopper" class="mw-redirect" title="Long-horned grasshopper">long-horned grasshopper</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cappurtenyqrteny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>35</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crayfish" title="Crayfish">crayfish</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">carla</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>38</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jabiru" title="Jabiru">jabiru</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">carnarran</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>39</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_whimbrel" title="Eurasian whimbrel">whimbrel</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">carnpalcarnpal</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>42</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mertens%27_water_monitor" title="Mertens' water monitor">water goanna</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">carrkka</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>44</td> <td>female <a href="/wiki/Agile_wallaby" title="Agile wallaby">agile wallaby</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">carrurtrtu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>49</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_green_tree_frog" title="Australian green tree frog">green tree frog</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">catngerecngerec</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>53</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Koel" title="Koel">koel</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cawok</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>70</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Archerfish" title="Archerfish">rifle fish</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cetperte</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>77</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Willy_wagtail" class="mw-redirect" title="Willy wagtail">willy wagtail</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cikirricikirric</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>80</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Whistling_duck" title="Whistling duck">whistleduck</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cilikuypi</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>96</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quail" title="Quail">quail</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cirrirnrti(t)</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>102</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bony_bream" title="Bony bream">bony bream</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cirrpili</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>103</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Whistling_duck" title="Whistling duck">whistleduck</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cirrpiyuk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>105</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scorpion" title="Scorpion">scorpion</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">co(wo)c</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>107</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hornet" title="Hornet">hornet</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cokparl</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>108</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morelia_spilota_variegata" title="Morelia spilota variegata">carpet snake</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cokpiny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>121</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nail-tailed_wallaby" class="mw-redirect" title="Nail-tailed wallaby">nail-tailed wallaby</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cotet</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>127</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mertens%27_water_monitor" title="Mertens' water monitor">water goanna</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cucca</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>128</td> <td>female <a href="/wiki/Black_wallaby" class="mw-redirect" title="Black wallaby">black wallaby</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cukerre</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>138</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bowerbird" title="Bowerbird">bowerbird</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">curerrk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>139</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingfisher" title="Kingfisher">kingfisher</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">curk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>142</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black-headed_python" title="Black-headed python">black-headed python</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">curn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>143</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rock_wallaby" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock wallaby">rock wallaby</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">curnrtupolq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>145</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taipan" title="Taipan">taipan</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">currang</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>148</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tawny_frogmouth" title="Tawny frogmouth">tawny frogmouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Owl" title="Owl">owl</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">currul</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>152</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_rat" title="Kangaroo rat">kangaroo rat</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Cakot</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>154</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fishtail_palm" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishtail palm">fishtail palm</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Calmarr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>173</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tawny_frogmouth" title="Tawny frogmouth">tawny frogmouth</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Cawarl</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>178</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Willy_wagtail" class="mw-redirect" title="Willy wagtail">willy wagtail</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Ciningkirric</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>215</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jabiru" title="Jabiru">jabiru</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kanci</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>230</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bony_bream" title="Bony bream">bony bream</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karlarlppa</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>232</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_Tom_(fish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Tom (fish)">Long Tom fish</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karlerrq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>237</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_cockatoo" title="Black cockatoo">black cockatoo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karnamarr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>238</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_flying_fox" title="Black flying fox">black flying fox</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karnampal</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>239</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emu" title="Emu">emu</a>, large feathers on emu</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karnanganyca</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>241</td> <td>big <a href="/wiki/Bandicoot" title="Bandicoot">bandicoot</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karnma</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>249</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dingo" title="Dingo">dingo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karnrteken</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>253</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_cockatoo" title="Black cockatoo">black cockatoo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karrak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>255</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spoonbill" title="Spoonbill">spoonbill</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karral/rla</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>264</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Goshawk" title="Goshawk">goshawk</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karrkkany</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>275</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dingo" title="Dingo">dingo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kawirVq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>276</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nankeen_night_heron" title="Nankeen night heron">nankeen night heron</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kawk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>277</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Friarbird" title="Friarbird">friarbird</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kaworlk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>336</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kookaburra" title="Kookaburra">kookaburra</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">korrowkkorrow</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>344</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Echidna" title="Echidna">echidna</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kowarrang</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>347</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Freshwater_crocodile" title="Freshwater crocodile">freshwater crocodile</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">koyow</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>353</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emu" title="Emu">emu</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kulppiny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>359</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tawny_frogmouth" title="Tawny frogmouth">tawny frogmouth</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kuluyqkuluy</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>364</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue-tongue_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue-tongue lizard">blue-tongue lizard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kungar(l)ak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>369</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black-headed_python" title="Black-headed python">black-headed python</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kunungu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>374</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paperbark" class="mw-redirect" title="Paperbark">paperbark</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kurlkurl</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>378</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ibis" title="Ibis">ibis</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kurnrtirnrtirn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>384</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue-tongue_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue-tongue lizard">blue-tongue lizard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kurri</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>385</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue-tongue_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue-tongue lizard">blue-tongue lizard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kurrmul/rlu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>388</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olive_python" title="Olive python">olive python</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kurrucartu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>405</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saltwater_crocodile" title="Saltwater crocodile">saltwater crocodile</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kVngV</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>408</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kookaburra" title="Kookaburra">kookaburra</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kVrVwVk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>417</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sugar_glider" title="Sugar glider">sugar glider</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Lampalk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>433</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spotted_bream&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spotted bream (page does not exist)">spotted bream</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Leppal</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>442</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_cockatoo" title="Black cockatoo">black cockatoo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Lirrapin</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>448</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Butcherbird" title="Butcherbird">butcherbird</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Lopolopo</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>464</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black-headed_python" title="Black-headed python">black-headed python</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">maccurn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>467</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pelican" title="Pelican">pelican</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">makkakkurr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>485</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Echidna" title="Echidna">echidna</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">manappurn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>495</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centipede" title="Centipede">centipede</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">marla</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>511</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mertens%27_water_monitor" title="Mertens' water monitor">water goanna</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">marrampal</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>523</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Friarbird" title="Friarbird">friarbird</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">martawk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>528</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barramundi" title="Barramundi">barramundi</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">martpiny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>530</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barramundi" title="Barramundi">barramundi</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">martukkal</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>561</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue-tongue_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue-tongue lizard">blue-tongue lizard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">milqtarl</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>570</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barramundi" title="Barramundi">barramundi</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">mirricci</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>586</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue-tongue_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue-tongue lizard">blue-tongue lizard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">morlel</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>598</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_serpent" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainbow serpent">rainbow serpent</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">muc</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>617</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spoonbill" title="Spoonbill">spoonbill</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">muqmu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>625</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flying_fox" class="mw-redirect" title="Flying fox">flying fox</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">murru</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>637</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frogmouth" title="Frogmouth">frogmouth</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Na-cik</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>639</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barramundi" title="Barramundi">barramundi</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Namarnkorl</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>644</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_flying_fox" title="Black flying fox">black flying fox</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Nangamung</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>645</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saltwater_crocodile" title="Saltwater crocodile">saltwater crocodile</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Nangkurru</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>664</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grey-crowned_babbler" title="Grey-crowned babbler">grey-crowned babbler</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngakngak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>667</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long-billed_corella" title="Long-billed corella">white corella</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngalelek</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>684</td> <td><a href="/wiki/White_cockatoo" title="White cockatoo">white cockatoo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngarrac</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>685</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scleropages_jardinii" title="Scleropages jardinii">saratoga</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngarrayarl</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>687</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emydura" title="Emydura">short-necked turtle</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngart</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>690</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Archerfish" title="Archerfish">rifle fish</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngatpan</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>702</td> <td><a href="/wiki/White_cockatoo" title="White cockatoo">white cockatoo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngerrk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>756</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tree_rat_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tree rat (disambiguation)">tree rat</a>; <a href="/wiki/Quoll" title="Quoll">quoll</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pakkaci</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>801</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spotted_nightjar" title="Spotted nightjar">spotted nightjar</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">parnangka</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>807</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kookaburra" title="Kookaburra">kookaburra</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">parraca</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>808</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Darter" title="Darter">darter</a> (bird sp.)</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">parrakparrak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>812</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_wallaroo" title="Black wallaroo">black wallaroo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">parrk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>820</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bibionidae" title="Bibionidae">march fly</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">partrti</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>824</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pelican" title="Pelican">pelican</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">paya</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>827</td> <td><a href="/wiki/File_snake" class="mw-redirect" title="File snake">file snake</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pekka</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>831</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gecko" title="Gecko">gecko</a> spp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pelerrk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>839</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bustard" title="Bustard">bustard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">penuk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>845</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plover" title="Plover">plover</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">perrepperrep</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>846</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_bee-eater" title="Rainbow bee-eater">rainbow bee-eater</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">perrertperrert</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>847</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Masked_plover" class="mw-redirect" title="Masked plover">masked plover</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pettelerrelerre</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>850</td> <td><a href="/wiki/File_snake" class="mw-redirect" title="File snake">file snake</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">piccirri</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>856</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galah" title="Galah">galah</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pilkpilk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>866</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barramundi" title="Barramundi">barramundi</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pirlmu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>873</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Glossy_ibis" title="Glossy ibis">glossy ibis</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pirnrtu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>887</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Archer_fish" class="mw-redirect" title="Archer fish">archer fish</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">poccalk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>904</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Water_python" title="Water python">water python</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">porlokko</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>906</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brolga" title="Brolga">brolga</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pornorrong</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>915</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Velvet_gecko" title="Velvet gecko">velvet-tailed gecko</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">poywek</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>923</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pheasant" title="Pheasant">pheasant</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pukpuk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>932</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghost_bat" title="Ghost bat">ghost bat</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pumapuma</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>934</td> <td><a href="/wiki/File_snake" class="mw-redirect" title="File snake">file snake</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">punupun</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>941</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mertens%27_water_monitor" title="Mertens' water monitor">water goanna</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">purarr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>954</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Water_python" title="Water python">water python</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">purrurtci</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>963</td> <td>red-eyed pigeon</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">rakul</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>976</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Torresian_imperial_pigeon" title="Torresian imperial pigeon">Torresian imperial pigeon</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">rumuq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>981</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sand_goanna" title="Sand goanna">sand goanna</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Talak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>997</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_cockatoo" title="Black cockatoo">black cockatoo</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tarrapiya</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plover" title="Plover">plover</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tetterran</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1012</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dollar_bird" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollar bird">dollar bird</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tewtew</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1020</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Magpie-lark" title="Magpie-lark">peewee</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tirlkrtirlk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1024</td> <td>moon; <a href="/wiki/Orange-naped_snake" title="Orange-naped snake">moon snake</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tirt</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1025</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">wedge-tailed eagle</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tiwana</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1034</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rock_wallaby" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock wallaby">rock wallaby</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Torriya</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1045</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ring-tailed_possum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ring-tailed possum">ring-tailed possum</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tukula</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1049</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bony_bream" title="Bony bream">bony bream</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tulukkurr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1067</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_green_tree_frog" title="Australian green tree frog">green tree frog</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">thakparrarraq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1093</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_Tom_(fish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Tom (fish)">Long Tom fish</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">thumpi</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1097</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bandicoot" title="Bandicoot">bandicoot</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">thungkaq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1100</td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_brown_snake" title="King brown snake">king brown snake</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">T(h)atpe</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1115</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crow" title="Crow">crow</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">wakwak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1123</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bustard" title="Bustard">bustard</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">walppurrungku</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1171</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Butcherbird" title="Butcherbird">butcherbird</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">warrkcirt</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1196</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_fish" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainbow fish">rainbow fish</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">werec</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1206</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phalangeriformes" title="Phalangeriformes">possum</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">wirik</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1216</td> <td>bird sp.; <a href="/wiki/Rainbow_bee-eater" title="Rainbow bee-eater">rainbow bee-eater</a>; kingfisher; <a href="/wiki/Whipbird" class="mw-redirect" title="Whipbird">whipbirds</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">wirritwirrit</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1217</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black-faced_cuckooshrike" title="Black-faced cuckooshrike">black-faced cuckooshrike</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">wirriwirriyak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1231</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cockroach" title="Cockroach">cockroach</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">wor(o)cwor(o)c</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1244</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phalangeriformes" title="Phalangeriformes">possum</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">wumpu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1274</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yabby_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Yabby (disambiguation)">yabby</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">yarr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1291</td> <td>bird sp.; <a href="/wiki/Mopoke" class="mw-redirect" title="Mopoke">mopoke</a>; kite</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">yerr/riny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1303</td> <td><a href="/wiki/False_water_rat" class="mw-redirect" title="False water rat">water rat</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">yirrkkup</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1314</td> <td>lightning; rain; <a href="/wiki/Leichhardt%27s_grasshopper" class="mw-redirect" title="Leichhardt's grasshopper">Leichhardt's grasshopper</a> [seen in wet season]</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">yurr</i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Proto-Gunwinyguan plant names </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>no.</th> <th>gloss</th> <th>Proto-Gunwinyguan </th></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Grevillea_pteridifolia" title="Grevillea pteridifolia">Grevillea pteridifolia</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">caca</i></span> ~ <span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">yacca</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spinifex_(coastal_grass)" title="Spinifex (coastal grass)">spinifex</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">calng</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>30</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">wattle</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">capec</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>36</td> <td><a href="/wiki/King_brown_snake" title="King brown snake">king brown snake</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">carlung</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>40</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banyan" title="Banyan">banyan</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">carnqpa</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>54</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nymphoides" title="Nymphoides">water lily</a> stem</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cawqcaw</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>60</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Grevillea" title="Grevillea">Grevillea</a></i> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cenkererr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>63</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Milkwood_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Milkwood (disambiguation)">milkwood</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cenycok</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>67</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a> mat</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cerrpe</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>82</td> <td><i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capparis_umbonata" class="extiw" title="sv:Capparis umbonata">Capparis umbonata</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ciliwirn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>85</td> <td><i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandanus_aquaticus" class="extiw" title="sv:Pandanus aquaticus">Pandanus aquaticus</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cimcim</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>93</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mistletoe" title="Mistletoe">mistletoe</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">cirnirrin/ny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>141</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lancewood_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Lancewood (disambiguation)">lancewood</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">curluq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>223</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ironwood" title="Ironwood">ironwood</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kappay</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>235</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Freshwater_mangrove" title="Freshwater mangrove">freshwater mangrove</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karlngka/iny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>236</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">wattle</a> sp., <a href="/wiki/Woomera_(spear-thrower)" title="Woomera (spear-thrower)">woomera</a> type</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karlppu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>244</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">Acacia</a></i> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karnpirr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>258</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spinifex_(coastal_grass)" title="Spinifex (coastal grass)">spinifex</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">karrarnrtalk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>278</td> <td>tree sp., <i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardenia_megasperma" class="extiw" title="sv:Gardenia megasperma">Gardenia megasperma</a></i>, <i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capparis_umbonata" class="extiw" title="sv:Capparis umbonata">Capparis umbonata</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kayapam</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>321</td> <td>plant sp., <a href="/wiki/Bush_potato" class="mw-redirect" title="Bush potato">bush potato</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kongkong</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>329</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Planchonia_careya" title="Planchonia careya">Planchonia careya</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">korlq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>334</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a> husk</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">korrmo</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>341</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paperbark" class="mw-redirect" title="Paperbark">paperbark</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kot</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>345</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paperbark" class="mw-redirect" title="Paperbark">paperbark</a> <a href="/wiki/Humpy" title="Humpy">humpy</a>, bark of <a href="/wiki/Stringybark" title="Stringybark">stringybark</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kowk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>377</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_plum" title="Black plum">black plum</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kurnrtalq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>379</td> <td><i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flacourtia_territorialis" class="extiw" title="sv:Flacourtia territorialis">Flacourtia territorialis</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kurnrtun/rn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>398</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Terminalia_grandiflora" title="Terminalia grandiflora">Terminalia grandiflora</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kutt/rtrtu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>402</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Banksia_dentata" title="Banksia dentata">Banksia dentata</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">kuypuk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>431</td> <td><i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opilia_amentacea" class="extiw" title="sv:Opilia amentacea">Opilia amentacea</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Leklek</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>461</td> <td>wild <a href="/wiki/Passionfruit" class="mw-redirect" title="Passionfruit">passionfruit</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ma(rt)rtawk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>482</td> <td><i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canthium_lucidum" class="extiw" title="sv:Canthium lucidum">Canthium lucidum</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">mamtak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>513</td> <td>palm sp., <i><a href="/wiki/Cycas_media" title="Cycas media">Cycas media</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">marrappi</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>527</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus" title="Eucalyptus">eucalyptus</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">martpa</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>529</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paperbark" class="mw-redirect" title="Paperbark">paperbark</a>, deep <a href="/wiki/Coolamon_(vessel)" title="Coolamon (vessel)">coolamon</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">martu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>576</td> <td>nut of <a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">moc</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>599</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coolibah" class="mw-redirect" title="Coolibah">coolibah</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">muccu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>602</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paperbark" class="mw-redirect" title="Paperbark">paperbark</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">mul/rlmu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>604</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conkerberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Conkerberry">conkerberry</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">mululuk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>607</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ironwood" title="Ironwood">ironwood</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">mulyurruny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>627</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_currant" class="mw-redirect" title="Black currant">black currant</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">murrungkurn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>677</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus" title="Eucalyptus">eucalyptus</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngapak</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>689</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cycad" title="Cycad">cycad</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngaththu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>704</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_currant" class="mw-redirect" title="Black currant">black currant</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngik</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>708</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngokngo</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>711</td> <td><a href="/wiki/River_red_gum" class="mw-redirect" title="River red gum">river red gum</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ngolongkoq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>776</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ficus_opposita" title="Ficus opposita">Ficus opposita</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pampul/rla</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>802</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Owenia_vernicosa" title="Owenia vernicosa">Owenia vernicosa</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">parnarr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>825</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Green_plum" class="mw-redirect" title="Green plum">green plum</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pe/irrke/iq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>826</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quinine_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Quinine tree">quinine tree</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pecca</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>843</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus" title="Eucalyptus">eucalyptus</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pernpern</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>865</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_holosericea" title="Acacia holosericea">Acacia holosericea</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pirliwirli</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>880</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tea_tree_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tea tree (disambiguation)">tea tree</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pirtippirti</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>896</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dalabon_language" title="Dalabon language">Dalabon</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pon</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>898</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Acacia" title="Acacia">wattle</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pongka</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>925</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paperbark" class="mw-redirect" title="Paperbark">paperbark</a> sp.</td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">pul(p)pul</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>935</td> <td>clump of bamboo; <i><a href="/wiki/Bambusa_arnhemica" title="Bambusa arnhemica">Bambusa arnhemica</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">-puny</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>953</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cassytha_filiformis" title="Cassytha filiformis">Cassytha filiformis</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">purrurnpurrurn</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>955</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Xanthostemon_paradoxus" title="Xanthostemon paradoxus">Xanthostemon paradoxus</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">purt/lu</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>958</td> <td>tree sp. - <i><a href="/wiki/Brachychiton_diversifolium" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachychiton diversifolium">Brachychiton diversifolium</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">putput</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>962</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paperbark" class="mw-redirect" title="Paperbark">paperbark</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">rakkalaq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>971</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">rok</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>977</td> <td>ridge; blacksoil area; grass used in <a href="/wiki/Corroboree" title="Corroboree">corroborees</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">ruwurr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>999</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phragmites" title="Phragmites">Phragmites</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tarrin</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1058</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leichhardt_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Leichhardt tree">Leichhardt tree</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">Tupal</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1089</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quinine_brush" class="mw-redirect" title="Quinine brush">quinine brush</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">thorrowq</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1091</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_holosericea" title="Acacia holosericea">Acacia holosericea</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">thukkul</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1095</td> <td><i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canthium_attenuatum" class="extiw" title="sv:Canthium attenuatum">Canthium attenuatum</a></i>, <i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exocarpos_latifolius" class="extiw" title="sv:Exocarpos latifolius">Exocarpos latifolius</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">thumuk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1096</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bloodwood" title="Bloodwood">bloodwood</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">thumurluk</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1101</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">T(h)ayarr</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1154</td> <td>vine sp. - <i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynanchum_pedunculatum" class="extiw" title="sv:Cynanchum pedunculatum">Cynanchum pedunculatum</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">warnpek</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1169</td> <td>plant sp.; <i><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exocarpos_latifolus" class="extiw" title="sv:Exocarpos latifolus">Exocarpos latifolus</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/Lemon_grass" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemon grass">lemon grass</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">warrinycalan</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1181</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Grevillea_pteridifolia" title="Grevillea pteridifolia">Grevillea pteridifolia</a></i></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">watpar</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1239</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_plum" title="Black plum">black plum</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">wucal</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1259</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a></td> <td><span title="uncoded-language text">*<i lang="mis">yakngarra</i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macro-Gunwinyguan_languages&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a> has a list of reconstructed forms at <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Proto-Gunwinyguan_reconstructions" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Appendix:Proto-Gunwinyguan reconstructions">Appendix:Proto-Gunwinyguan reconstructions</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bowern, Claire and Harold Koch, 2004. <i>Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method</i>, p 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Green-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Green_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Green_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGreen2003" class="citation book cs1">Green, Rebecca (2003). "Proto-Maningrida within Proto-Arnhem: evidence from verbal inflectional suffixes". In Nicholas Evans (ed.). <i>The Non-Pama-Nyungan languages of northern Australia</i>. Pacific Linguistics 552. Canberra: Australian National University. pp. 369–421. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-552">10.15144/PL-552</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1885%2F146725">1885/146725</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780858835382" title="Special:BookSources/9780858835382"><bdi>9780858835382</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Proto-Maningrida+within+Proto-Arnhem%3A+evidence+from+verbal+inflectional+suffixes&rft.btitle=The+Non-Pama-Nyungan+languages+of+northern+Australia&rft.place=Canberra&rft.series=Pacific+Linguistics+552&rft.pages=369-421&rft.pub=Australian+National+University&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1885%2F146725&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15144%2FPL-552&rft.isbn=9780858835382&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacro-Gunwinyguan+languages" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharpe2008" class="citation book cs1">Sharpe, Margaret C. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NaY5AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA59">"Alawa and its Neighbours: Enigma Variations 1 and 2"</a>. In Bowern, Claire; Evans, Bethwyn; Miceli, Luisa (eds.). <i>Morphology and Language History: In honour of Harold Koch</i>. John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 59–70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789027290960" title="Special:BookSources/9789027290960"><bdi>9789027290960</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alawa+and+its+Neighbours%3A+Enigma+Variations+1+and+2&rft.btitle=Morphology+and+Language+History%3A+In+honour+of+Harold+Koch&rft.pages=59-70&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9789027290960&rft.aulast=Sharpe&rft.aufirst=Margaret+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNaY5AAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacro-Gunwinyguan+languages" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/N92">N92</a> Alawa at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, <a href="/wiki/Australian_Institute_of_Aboriginal_and_Torres_Strait_Islander_Studies" title="Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies">Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heath, Jeffrey, 1990, <i>A case of intensive lexical diffusion: Arnhem Land, Australia</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Van_Egmond_2012-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Van_Egmond_2012_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Van Egmond, M-E. (2012). "Enindhilyakwa phonology, morphosyntax and genetic position." Doctoral thesis. University of Sydney. pp. 314–70. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2123%2F8747">2123/8747</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bowern_2017-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bowern_2017_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bowern, C. (2017). "Language isolates of Australia." in Campbell, L., ed. <i>Language Isolates</i>. Abingdon: Routledge: 323–43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Evans-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Evans_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McConvell, Patrick and Nicholas Evans. (eds.) 1997. <i>Archaeology and Linguistics: Global Perspectives on Ancient Australia.</i> Melbourne: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Evans, Nicholas, 2003, <i>The non-Pama-Nyungan languages of northern Australia</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Capell, Arthur. 1940. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/reference/id/4167">The Classification of Languages in North and North-West Australia</a>. <i>Oceania</i> 10(3): 241-272, 404-433. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fj.1834-4461.1940.tb00292.x">10.1002/j.1834-4461.1940.tb00292.x</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Capell, Arthur. 1941-1942, 1942-1943. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/reference/id/104191">Languages of Arnhem Land, North Australia</a>. <i>Oceania</i> 12: 364-392, 13: 24-51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey, Mark. 2003. An initial reconstruction of Proto Gunwinyguan phonology. In Evans, Nicholas (ed.), <i>The non-Pama-Nyungan languages of northern Australia: comparative studies of the continent's most linguistically complex region</i>, 205-268. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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languages">Pama–Nyungan languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Paman_languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Paman_languages" title="Paman languages">Paman languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adithinngithigh_language" title="Adithinngithigh language">Adithinngithigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andjingith_language" title="Andjingith language">Andjingith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguthimri_language" title="Anguthimri language">Anguthimri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arritinngithigh_language" title="Arritinngithigh language">Arritinngithigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awngthim_language" title="Awngthim language">Awngthim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luthigh_language" title="Luthigh language">Luthigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbiywom_language" title="Mbiywom language">Mbiywom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndrangith_language" title="Ndrangith language">Ndrangith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngkoth_language" title="Ngkoth language">Ngkoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uradhi_language" title="Uradhi language">Uradhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Northeast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umpila_language" title="Umpila language">Umpila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Wik_languages" title="Wik languages">Wik</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayabadhu_language" title="Ayabadhu language">Ayabadhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kugu_Nganhcara_language" title="Kugu Nganhcara language">Kugu-Muminh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakanha_language" title="Pakanha language">Pakanha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wik-Me%27nh_language" title="Wik-Me'nh language">Wik-Me'nh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wik_Mungkan_language" title="Wik Mungkan language">Wik-Mungkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wik-Ngathan_language" title="Wik-Ngathan language">Wik-Ngathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wik_Ompom_language" title="Wik Ompom language">Wik-Ompom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Lamalamic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamalama_language" title="Lamalama language">Lamalama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morrobolam_language" title="Morrobolam language">Morrobolam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Yalanjic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrow_Point_language" title="Barrow Point language">Barrow Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guugu_Yalandji_language" title="Guugu Yalandji language">Gugu Yalandyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guugu_Yimithirr_language" title="Guugu Yimithirr language">Guugu Yimidhirr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Paman_languages" title="Southwestern Paman languages">Southwest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koko-Bera_language" title="Koko-Bera language">Koko-Bera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gugu_Dhaw_language" title="Gugu Dhaw language">Kok Thawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunjen_language" title="Kunjen language">Kunjen</a> <ul><li>Ogh-Undjan</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuuk_Thaayorre_language" title="Kuuk Thaayorre language">Kuuk Thaayorre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuuk_Yak_language" title="Kuuk Yak language">Kuuk Yak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yir-Yoront_language" title="Yir-Yoront language">Yir-Yoront</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Norman</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gurdjar_language" title="Gurdjar language">Kurtjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gkuthaarn_language" title="Gkuthaarn language">Kuthant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Thaypan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alungul_language" title="Alungul language">Alungul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkula_language" title="Angkula language">Angkula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghu_Tharrnggala_language" title="Aghu Tharrnggala language">Aghu Tharrnggala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikarranggal_language" title="Ikarranggal language">Ikarranggal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalaka_language" title="Tagalaka language">Takalak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gugu_Thaypan_language" title="Gugu Thaypan language">Thaypan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wamin_language" title="Wamin language">Agwamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbara-Yanga_language" title="Mbara-Yanga language">Mbara-Yanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbabaram_language" title="Mbabaram language">Mbabaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walangama_language" title="Walangama language">Walangama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djabugay_language" title="Djabugay language">Djabugay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flinders_Island_language" title="Flinders Island language">Flinders Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukatj_language" title="Kukatj language">Gugadj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kok-Nar_language" title="Kok-Nar language">Kok Narr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbariman-Gudhinma_language" title="Mbariman-Gudhinma language">Mbariman-Gudhinma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umpithamu_language" title="Umpithamu language">Umbindhamu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Eastern_Pama–Nyungan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_states_of_Australia" title="Eastern states of Australia">Eastern</a> <a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Dyirbalic_languages" title="Dyirbalic languages">Dyirbalic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dyirbal_language" title="Dyirbal language">Dyirbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyawaygi_language" title="Nyawaygi language">Nyawaygi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrgamay_language" title="Warrgamay language">Warrgamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulguru_language" title="Wulguru language">Wulguru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Maric_languages" title="Maric languages">Maric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bidjara_language" title="Bidjara language">Bidjara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biri_language" title="Biri language">Biri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingkel_languages" title="Kingkel languages">Kingkel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayali_language" title="Bayali language">Bayali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darumbal_language" title="Darumbal language">Darumbal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrongo_language" title="Warrongo language">Warrongo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Waka%E2%80%93Kabic_languages" title="Waka–Kabic languages">Waka–Kabic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barunggam_language" title="Barunggam language">Barunggam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulua_language" title="Tulua language">Dappil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gubbi_Gubbi_language" title="Gubbi Gubbi language">Gabi-Gabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taribelang_language" title="Taribelang language">Gureng Gureng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakka_Wakka_language" title="Wakka Wakka language">Wakawaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulli_Wulli_language" title="Wulli Wulli language">Wuliwuli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Durubalic_languages" title="Durubalic languages">Durubalic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guwar_language" title="Guwar language">Guwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janday_language" title="Janday language">Janday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunukul_language" title="Nunukul language">Nunukul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turrbal_language" title="Turrbal language">Turrbal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Gumbaynggiric_languages" title="Gumbaynggiric languages">Gumbaynggiric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kumbainggar_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumbainggar language">Kumbainggar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaygir_language" title="Yaygir language">Yaygir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Wiradhuric_languages" title="Wiradhuric languages">Wiradhuric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gamilaraay_language" title="Gamilaraay language">Gamilaraay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngiyambaa_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngiyambaa language">Ngiyambaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiradjuri_language" title="Wiradjuri language">Wiradjuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Yuin%E2%80%93Kuric_languages" title="Yuin–Kuric languages">Yuin–Kuric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awabakal_language" title="Awabakal language">Awabakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkinjung_language" title="Darkinjung language">Darkinjung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharug_language" title="Dharug language">Dharug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanggati_language" title="Dhanggati language">Dhanggati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngarigo_language" title="Ngarigo language">Ngarigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngunnawal_language" title="Ngunnawal language">Ngunnawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tharawal_languages" title="Tharawal languages">Tharawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worimi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Worimi language">Wormi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Gippsland_languages" title="Gippsland languages">Gippsland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhudhuroa_language" title="Dhudhuroa language">Dhudhuroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunaikurnai_language" title="Gunaikurnai language">Gunaikurnai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallanganmiddang_language" title="Pallanganmiddang language">Pallanganmiddang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anewan_language" title="Anewan language">Anewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugambeh%E2%80%93Bundjalung_languages" title="Yugambeh–Bundjalung languages">Bandjalang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaw_Lagaw_Ya" title="Kalaw Lagaw Ya">Kalaw Lagaw Ya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yidiny_language" title="Yidiny language">Yidiny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Southern_Pama–Nyungan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Australia" title="Southern Australia">Southern</a> <a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Yotayotic_languages" title="Yotayotic languages">Yotayotic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yabula-Yabula_language" title="Yabula-Yabula language">Yabula-Yabula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorta_Yorta_language" title="Yorta Yorta language">Yotayota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Kulinic_languages" title="Kulinic languages">Kulinic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gulidjan_language" title="Gulidjan language">Kolakngat</a> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kulin_languages" title="Kulin languages">Kulin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boonwurrung_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Boonwurrung language">Bunurong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djadjawurrung_language" title="Djadjawurrung language">Dja Dja Wurrung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latji-Latji_language" title="Latji-Latji language">Ledji-Ledji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhi_Madhi_language" title="Madhi Madhi language">Madhi-Madhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Wadi_language" title="Wadi Wadi language">Wadi-Wadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadawurrung_language" title="Wadawurrung language">Wathaurong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wemba_Wemba_language" title="Wemba Wemba language">Wemba Wemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woiwurrung%E2%80%93Taungurung_language" title="Woiwurrung–Taungurung language">Woiwurrung–Taungurung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drual_languages" title="Drual languages">Drual</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bungandidj_language" title="Bungandidj language">Bungandidj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhauwurd_Wurrung_language" title="Dhauwurd Wurrung language">Dhauwurd Wurrung</a> <ul><li>Kuurn Kopan Noot</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaran_language" title="Yaran language">Yaran</a> (Bindjali)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Murray_languages" title="Lower Murray languages">Lower Murray</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kureinji_language" title="Kureinji language">Keramin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngayawung_language" title="Ngayawung language">Ngayawung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngarrindjeri_language" title="Ngarrindjeri language">Yaralde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitha_Yitha_language" title="Yitha Yitha language">Yitha-Yitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuyu_language" title="Yuyu language">Yuyu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Thura-Yura_languages" title="Thura-Yura languages">Thura-Yura</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adnyamathanha_language" title="Adnyamathanha language">Adnyamathanha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barngarla_language" title="Barngarla language">Barngarla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaurna_language" title="Kaurna language">Kaurna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnyamathanha_language" title="Adnyamathanha language">Kuyani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narungga_language" title="Narungga language">Narungga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauo_language" title="Nauo language">Nauo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngadjuri_language" title="Ngadjuri language">Ngadjuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nukunu_language" title="Nukunu language">Nukunu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wirangu_language" title="Wirangu language">Wirangu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Mirning_languages" title="Mirning languages">Mirniny</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mirning_language" title="Mirning language">Mirning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngadjunmaya_language" title="Ngadjunmaya language">Ngadjunmaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Nyungic_languages" title="Nyungic languages">Nyungic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galaagu_language" title="Galaagu language">Galaagu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaamaya_language" title="Kalaamaya language">Kalaamaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natingero_language" title="Natingero language">Natingero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noongar_language" title="Noongar language">Nyungar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Western_Pama–Nyungan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western</a> <a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Kartu_languages" title="Kartu languages">Kartu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badimaya_language" title="Badimaya language">Badimaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malgana_language" title="Malgana language">Malgana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thaagurda_language" title="Thaagurda language">Thaagurda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nhanda_language" title="Nhanda language">Nhanda</a>–<a href="/wiki/Nhanhagardi_language" title="Nhanhagardi language">Nhanhagardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wajarri_language" title="Wajarri language">Wajarri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yinggarda_language" title="Yinggarda language">Yinggarda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Kanyara%E2%80%93Mantharta_languages" title="Kanyara–Mantharta languages">Kanyara–Mantharta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanyara_languages" title="Kanyara languages">Kanyara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burduna_language" title="Burduna language">Burduna</a>–Baiyungu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalanyji_language" title="Thalanyji language">Thalanyji</a>–Pinikura</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantharta_language" title="Mantharta language">Mantharta</a> <ul><li>Tharrgari</li> <li>Warriyangka</li> <li>Thiin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiwarli_dialect" title="Jiwarli dialect">Jiwarli</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Ngayarda_languages" title="Ngayarda languages">Ngayarta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jurruru_language" title="Jurruru language">Jurruru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurrama_language" title="Kurrama language">Kurrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martuthunira_language" title="Martuthunira language">Martuthunira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngarla_language" title="Ngarla language">Ngarla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngarluma_language" title="Ngarluma language">Ngarluma-Kariyarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nhuwala_language" title="Nhuwala language">Nhuwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyamal_language" title="Nyamal language">Nyamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyiyaparli_language" title="Nyiyaparli language">Nyiyaparli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panyjima_language" title="Panyjima language">Panyjima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yinjibarndi_language" title="Yinjibarndi language">Yindjibarndi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yinhawangka_language" title="Yinhawangka language">Yinhawangka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Marrngu_languages" title="Marrngu languages">Marrngu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garadjari_language" title="Garadjari language">Karajarri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangarla_language" title="Mangarla language">Mangala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyangumarta_language" title="Nyangumarta language">Nyangumarta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Northern_Pama–Nyungan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Australia" title="Northern Australia">Northern</a> <a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Ngumpin%E2%80%93Yapa_languages" title="Ngumpin–Yapa languages">Ngumpin–Yapa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngarrkic_languages" title="Ngarrkic languages">Ngarrga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngumbin_languages" title="Ngumbin languages">Ngumbin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Warumungu_language" title="Warumungu language">Warumungu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warumungu_language" title="Warumungu language">Warumungu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Ngarna_languages" title="Ngarna languages">Warluwaric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wagaya_language" title="Wagaya language">Wagaya</a> <ul><li>Bularnu</li> <li>Yindjilandji</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warluwarra_language" title="Warluwarra language">Warluwarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanyuwa_language" title="Yanyuwa language">Yanyuwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Kalkatungic_languages" title="Kalkatungic languages">Kalkatungic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalkatungu_language" title="Kalkatungu language">Kalkatungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalarnnga_language" title="Yalarnnga language">Yalarnnga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Mayabic_languages" title="Mayabic languages">Mayi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayi-Kulan_language" title="Mayi-Kulan language">Mayi-Kulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayi-Kutuna_language" title="Mayi-Kutuna language">Mayi-Kutuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngawun_language" title="Ngawun language">Ngawun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Central_Pama–Nyungan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_Australia" title="Central Australia">Central</a> <a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Wati_languages" title="Wati languages">Wati</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngardi_language" title="Ngardi language">Ngardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warnman_language" title="Warnman language">Wanman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Desert_language" title="Western Desert language">Western Desert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Arandic_languages" title="Arandic languages">Arandic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrernte_language" title="Arrernte language">Arrernte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaytetye_language" title="Kaytetye language">Kaytetye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Arrernte_language" title="Lower Arrernte language">Lower Arrernte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertame_language" title="Pertame language">Pertame</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Karnic_languages" title="Karnic languages">Karnic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabana_language" title="Arabana language">Arabana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diyari_language" title="Diyari language">Diyari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithaka_language" title="Mithaka language">Mithaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngamini_language" title="Ngamini language">Ngamini</a> <ul><li>Yarluyandi</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngura_languages" title="Ngura languages">Ngura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitta_Pitta_language" title="Pitta Pitta language">Pitta Pitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanggamala_language" title="Wanggamala language">Wanggamala</a> <ul><li>Wangka-Yutjurru</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_River_language" title="Wilson River language">Wilson River</a> <ul><li>Bundhamara</li> <li>new Wangkumara/Garlali</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yandruwandha_language" title="Yandruwandha language">Yandruwandha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paakantyi_language" title="Paakantyi language">Baagandji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalali_language" title="Kalali language">Bulloo River</a> <ul><li>old Wangkumara/Garlali</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muruwari_language" title="Muruwari language">Muruwari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barranbinja_language" title="Barranbinja language">Barranbinja</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarli_language" title="Yarli language">Yardli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Other_Pama–Nyungan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other <a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Yol%C5%8Bu_languages" title="Yolŋu languages">Yolŋu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhangu-Djangu_language" title="Dhangu-Djangu language">Dhaŋu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhuwal_language" title="Dhuwal language">Dhuwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhangu-Djangu_language" title="Dhangu-Djangu language">Djaŋu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djinba_language" title="Djinba language">Djinba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djinang_language" title="Djinang language">Djinaŋ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritharrngu_language" title="Ritharrngu language">Ritharrŋu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nhangu_language" title="Nhangu language">Nhaŋu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Burdekin_languages" title="Lower Burdekin languages">Lower Burdekin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindal_language" title="Bindal language">Bindal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal;"><div id="Macro-Pama–Nyungan?" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Macro-Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Macro-Pama–Nyungan languages">Macro-Pama–Nyungan?</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macro-Gunwinyguan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maningrida_languages" title="Maningrida languages">Maningrida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burarra_language" title="Burarra language">Burarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndj%C3%A9bbana_language" title="Ndjébbana language">Ndjébbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurr-Goni_language" title="Gurr-Goni language">Gurr-goni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakkara_language" title="Nakkara language">Nakkara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mangarrayi-Marran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alawa_language" title="Alawa language">Alawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangarrayi_language" title="Mangarrayi language">Mangarrayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marra_language" title="Marra language">Marra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warndarrang_language" title="Warndarrang language">Warndarrang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugul_language" title="Yugul language">Yugul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gunwinyguan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jawoyn_language" title="Jawoyn language">Jawoyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwinymil_language" title="Uwinymil language">Uwinymil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warray_language" title="Warray language">Waray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwinjku_dialect" title="Kunwinjku dialect">Kunwinjku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalabon_language" title="Dalabon language">Dalabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunbarlang_language" title="Gunbarlang language">Kunbarlang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngalakgan_language" title="Ngalakgan language">Ngalakgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rembarrnga_language" title="Rembarrnga language">Rembarrnga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngandi_language" title="Ngandi language">Ngandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunggubuyu_language" title="Nunggubuyu language">Nunggubuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anindilyakwa_language" title="Anindilyakwa language">Anindilyakwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaagudju_language" title="Gaagudju language">Gaagudju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kungarakany_language" title="Kungarakany language">Kungarakany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardaman_language" title="Wardaman language">Wardaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagiman_language" title="Wagiman language">Wagiman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Tangkic_languages" title="Tangkic languages">Tangkic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kayardild_language" title="Kayardild language">Kayardild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lardil_language" title="Lardil language">Lardil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mingginda_language" title="Mingginda language">Minkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukulta_language" title="Yukulta language">Gangalidda (Yukulta)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Garawan_languages" title="Garawan languages">Garrwan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garrwa_language" title="Garrwa language">Garrwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunindiri_language" title="Gunindiri language">Gunindiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waanyi_language" title="Waanyi language">Waanyi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Australian_Aboriginal_and_Tasmanian_languages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Template:Australian Aboriginal languages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Template talk:Australian Aboriginal languages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Australian Aboriginal languages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Australian_Aboriginal_and_Tasmanian_languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Australian Aboriginal languages">Australian Aboriginal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_languages" title="Tasmanian languages">Tasmanian</a> languages</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a> <br />subgroups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Victorian P–N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Murray_languages" title="Lower Murray languages">Lower Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yotayotic_languages" title="Yotayotic languages">Yotayotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gippsland_languages" title="Gippsland languages">Gippsland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulin_languages" title="Kulin languages">Kulin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bungandidj_language" title="Bungandidj language">Bungandidj</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New South Wales P–N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuin%E2%80%93Kuric_languages" title="Yuin–Kuric languages">Yuin–Kuric</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhanggati_language" title="Dhanggati language">Dhanggati</a></i> ?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anewan_language" title="Anewan language">Anewan (Nganyaywana)</a></i> ?</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_New_South_Wales_languages" title="Central New South Wales languages">Central New South Wales</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiradhuric_languages" title="Wiradhuric languages">Wiradhuric</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barranbinja_language" title="Barranbinja language">Barranbinja</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muruwari_language" title="Muruwari language">Muruwari</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Coast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durubalic_languages" title="Durubalic languages">Durubalic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugambeh%E2%80%93Bundjalung_languages" title="Yugambeh–Bundjalung languages">Bandjalangic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumbaynggiric_languages" title="Gumbaynggiric languages">Gumbaynggiric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka%E2%80%93Kabic_languages" title="Waka–Kabic languages">Waka–Kabic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Torres_Strait_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Torres Strait language">Western Torres Strait</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalaw_Lagaw_Ya" title="Kalaw Lagaw Ya">Kalaw Lagaw Ya</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paman_languages" title="Paman languages">Paman</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Cape_York_Paman_languages" title="North Cape York Paman languages">Northern Paman</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Uradhi_language" title="Uradhi language">Uradhi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wik_languages" title="Wik languages">Wik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paman_languages" title="Paman languages">Middle Paman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umpila_language" title="Umpila language">Umpilaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umpithamu_language" title="Umpithamu language">Umbindhamuic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamalamic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamalamic languages">Lamalamic</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Umbuygamu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Umbuygamu language">Umbuygamu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lamalama_language" title="Lamalama language">Mbarrumbathama</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Paman_languages" title="Southwestern Paman languages">Southwest Paman</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuuk_Thayorre_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuuk Thayorre language">Kuuk Thayorre</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Paman_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Paman languages">Southern Paman</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mbabaram_language" title="Mbabaram language">Mbabaram</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flinders_Island_language" title="Flinders Island language">Flinders Island</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maric_languages" title="Maric languages">Maric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Northern <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Warrongo_language" title="Warrongo language">Warrongo</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Eastern <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Biri_language" title="Biri language">Biri</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Southern <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bidyara_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidyara language">Bidyara–Gungabula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Margany_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Margany language">Margany–Gunya</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bindal_language" title="Bindal language">Bindal</a></i> ?</li> <li>Guwa–Yanda ? <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Guwa_language" title="Guwa language">Guwa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yanda_language" title="Yanda language">Yanda</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingkel_languages" title="Kingkel languages">Kingkel</a> ? <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dharumbal_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharumbal language">Dharumbal</a></i> ?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bayali_language" title="Bayali language">Bayali</a></i> ?</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Burdekin_languages" title="Lower Burdekin languages">Lower Burdekin</a> ?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dyirbalic_languages" title="Dyirbalic languages">Dyirbalic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dyirbal_language" title="Dyirbal language">Dyirbal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Warrgamay_language" title="Warrgamay language">Warrgamay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nyawaygi_language" title="Nyawaygi language">Nyawaygi</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Burdekin_languages" title="Lower Burdekin languages">Lower Burdekin</a> ?</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yimidhirr–Yalanji–Yidinic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Guugu_Yimidhirr_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Guugu Yimidhirr language">Guugu Yimidihirr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuku_Yalanji_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuku Yalanji language">Kuku Yalanji</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yidiny_language" title="Yidiny language">Yidiny</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gulf</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalkatungic_languages" title="Kalkatungic languages">Kalkatungic</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalkatungu_language" title="Kalkatungu language">Kalkatungu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yalarnnga_language" title="Yalarnnga language">Yalarnnga</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayabic_languages" title="Mayabic languages">Mayi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arandic–Thura–Yura</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arandic_languages" title="Arandic languages">Arandic</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arrernte_language" title="Arrernte language">Arrernte</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaytetye_language" title="Kaytetye language">Kaytetye</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thura%E2%80%93Yura_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Thura–Yura languages">Thura–Yura</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Wirangu_language" title="Wirangu language">Wirangu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaurna_language" title="Kaurna language">Kaurna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adnyamathanha_language" title="Adnyamathanha language">Adnyamathanha</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Karnic_languages" title="Karnic languages">Karnic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Northern (Palku) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pitta-Pitta_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitta-Pitta language">Pitta-Pitta</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Western <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arabana_language" title="Arabana language">Arabana–Wangkangurru</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Central <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Diyari_language" title="Diyari language">Diyari</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yandruwandha_language" title="Yandruwandha language">Yandruwandha</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Eastern <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Wilson_River_language" title="Wilson River language">Wilson River (Wangkumara)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulloo_River_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulloo River language">Bulloo River (Galali)</a></i> ?</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yarli_language" title="Yarli language">Yarli</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paakantyi_(Darling_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paakantyi (Darling language)">Paakantyi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yol%C5%8Bu_languages" title="Yolŋu languages">Yolŋu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhangu-Djangu_language" title="Dhangu-Djangu language">Dhaŋu–Djaŋu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ritharngu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritharngu language">Ritharrŋu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nhangu_language" title="Nhangu language">Nhaŋu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhuwal_language" title="Dhuwal language">Dhuwal–Dhuwala</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Djambarrpuyngu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Djambarrpuyngu language">Djambarrpuyŋu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gupapuyngu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gupapuyngu language">Gupapuyŋu</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Djinang_language" title="Djinang language">Djinaŋ</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Djinba_language" title="Djinba language">Djinba</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ganalbingu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganalbingu language">Ganhalpuyŋu</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ngarna_languages" title="Ngarna languages">Ngarna/Warluwarric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yanyuwa_language" title="Yanyuwa language">Yanyuwa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngarna_languages" title="Ngarna languages">Southern</a> <ul><li>Ngarru</li> <li>Thawa</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desert Nyungic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marrngu_languages" title="Marrngu languages">Marrngu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngumpin%E2%80%93Yapa_languages" title="Ngumpin–Yapa languages">Ngumpin–Yapa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngumpin_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngumpin languages">Ngumpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yapa_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Yapa languages">Yapa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Warumungu_language" title="Warumungu language">Warumungu</a></i> ?</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wati_languages" title="Wati languages">Wati</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South-West P–N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pilbara <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngayarda_languages" title="Ngayarda languages">Ngayarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanyara%E2%80%93Mantharta_languages" title="Kanyara–Mantharta languages">Kanyara–Mantharta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartu%E2%80%93Nhanda_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartu–Nhanda languages">Kartu–Nhanda</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yinggarda_language" title="Yinggarda language">Yinggarda</a></i> ?</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirning_languages" title="Mirning languages">Mirning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyungic_languages" title="Nyungic languages">Nyunga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_language" title="Proto-Pama–Nyungan language">Proto-Pama–Nyungan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tangkic_languages" title="Tangkic languages">Tangkic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lardil_language" title="Lardil language">Lardil</a> (register: <a href="/wiki/Damin" title="Damin">Damin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayardild_language" title="Kayardild language">Kayardild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukulta_language" title="Yukulta language">Yukulta</a> (Ganggalida, Nyangga)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mingginda_language" title="Mingginda language">Mingginda</a> (Minkin)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Garawan_languages" title="Garawan languages">Garrwan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garawa_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Garawa language">Garawa</a> (Garrwa, north)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waanyi_language" title="Waanyi language">Waanyi</a> (Wanji, south)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunindiri_language" title="Gunindiri language">Gunindiri</a> (Kurnindirri, southwest)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macro-Gunwinyguan</a> ?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maningrida_languages" title="Maningrida languages">Maningrida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burarra_language" title="Burarra language">Burarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurr-goni_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurr-goni language">Gurr-goni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndj%C3%A9bbana_language" title="Ndjébbana language">Ndjébbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakkara_language" title="Nakkara language">Nakkara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marra_language" title="Marra language">Marra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warndarang_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Warndarang language">Warndarang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugul_language" title="Yugul language">Yugul</a> ?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alawa_language" title="Alawa language">Alawa</a> ?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangarrayi_language" title="Mangarrayi language">Mangarrayi</a> ?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gunwinyguan proper</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jawoyn_language" title="Jawoyn language">Jawoyn</a> (Djauan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warray_language" title="Warray language">Waray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwinymil_language" title="Uwinymil language">Uwinymil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bininj_Gun-Wok_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bininj Gun-Wok language">Bininj Kunwok</a> (Kunwinjku, Gunwinggu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunbarlang_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kunbarlang language">Kunbarlang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalabon_language" title="Dalabon language">Dalabon</a> (Ngalkbun)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rembarrnga_language" title="Rembarrnga language">Rembarrnga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngalakgan_language" title="Ngalakgan language">Ngalakgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngandi_language" title="Ngandi language">Ngandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunggubuyu_language" title="Nunggubuyu language">Nunggubuyu</a> (Wubuy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enindhilyagwa_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Enindhilyagwa language">Anindilyakwa</a> (Enindhilyagwa)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wardaman_language" title="Wardaman language">Yangmanic</a>–<a href="/wiki/Wagiman_language" title="Wagiman language">Wagiman</a>?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wardaman_language" title="Wardaman language">Wardaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagiman_language" title="Wagiman language">Wagiman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kungarakany_language" title="Kungarakany language">Kungarakany (Koongurrukuñ)</a> ?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaagudju_language" title="Gaagudju language">Gaagudju</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iwaidjan_languages" title="Iwaidjan languages">Iwaidjan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central (Warrkbi)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iwaidja_language" title="Iwaidja language">Iwaidja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilgar_language" title="Ilgar language">Garig–Ilgar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garig_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Garig dialect">Garig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilgar_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilgar dialect">Ilgar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern (Goulburn Island)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maung_language" title="Maung language">Maung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manangkari_language" title="Manangkari language">Manangkari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amurdag_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Amurdag language">Amurdag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Marrku%E2%80%93Wurrugu_languages" title="Marrku–Wurrugu languages">Marrku–Wurrugu</a> ?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wurrugu_language" title="Wurrugu language">Wurrugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marrgu_language" title="Marrgu language">Marrgu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Darwin_Region_languages" title="Darwin Region languages">Darwin Region</a> ?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laragiya_language" title="Laragiya language">Gulumoerrgin (Larrakia)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Limilngan–Wulna?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limilngan_language" title="Limilngan language">Limilngan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulna_language" title="Wulna language">Wulna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umbugarlic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umbugarla_language" title="Umbugarla language">Umbugarla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngomburr_language" title="Ngomburr language">Ngurmbur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugurnidja_language" title="Bugurnidja language">Bugurnidja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Daly_languages" title="Daly languages">Daly River Sprachbund</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wagaydyic_languages" title="Wagaydyic languages">Wagaydyic (Anson Bay)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wadjiginy_language" title="Wadjiginy language">Batjamalh (Wadjiginy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandjerramalh_language" title="Kandjerramalh language">Pungu Pungu (Kandjerramalh)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malak-Malak_language" title="Malak-Malak language">Northern Daly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malak-Malak_language" title="Malak-Malak language">Malak-Malak (Nguluk Wanggar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malak-Malak_language" title="Malak-Malak language">Tyerraty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Daly_languages" title="Western Daly languages">Western Daly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marringarr_language" title="Marringarr language">Marri Ngarr</a> <ul><li>Magati Ke</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marranj_language" title="Marranj language">Merranunggu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marrithiyel_language" title="Marrithiyel language">Marrithiyel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marrithiyel_language" title="Marrithiyel language">Marramaninjsji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daly_languages" title="Eastern Daly languages">Eastern Daly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matngala_language" title="Matngala language">Matngele (Werret/Dakayu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamu_language" title="Kamu language">Kamu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Daly_languages" title="Southern Daly languages">Southern Daly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murrinh-patha_language" title="Murrinh-patha language">Murrinh-patha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngan%27gityemerri_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngan'gityemerri language">Ngan’gityemerri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mirndi_languages" title="Mirndi languages">Mirndi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jingulu_language" title="Jingulu language">Jingulu</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yirram_languages" title="Yirram languages">Yirram</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nungali_language" title="Nungali language">Nungali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaminjung_language" title="Jaminjung language">Jaminjung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ngurlun_languages" title="Ngurlun languages">Ngurlun</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngarnka_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngarnka language">Ngarnka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wambaya_language" title="Wambaya language">Wambaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jarrakan_languages" title="Jarrakan languages">Jarrakan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kija_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kija language">Kija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriwoong_language" title="Miriwoong language">Miriwoong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajirrawoong_dialect" title="Gajirrawoong dialect">Gajirrawoong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bunuban_languages" title="Bunuban languages">Bunuban</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunuba_language" title="Bunuba language">Bunuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gooniyandi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gooniyandi language">Gooniyandi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Worrorran_languages" title="Worrorran languages">Worrorran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wunambal_language" title="Wunambal language">Wunambal</a> (Northern)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngarinyin_language" title="Ngarinyin language">Ngarinyin</a> (Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worrorra_language" title="Worrorra language">Worrorra</a> (Western)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nyulnyulan_languages" title="Nyulnyulan languages">Nyulnyulan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western (Nyulnyulic)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nyulnyul_language" title="Nyulnyul language">Nyulnyul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardi_language" title="Bardi language">Bardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawi_dialect" title="Jawi dialect">Jawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djabirr-Djabirr_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Djabirr-Djabirr language">Djabirr-Djabirr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimanburru_language" title="Nimanburru language">Nimanburru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern (Dyukun)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yawuru_language" title="Yawuru language">Yawuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyugun_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyugun language">Dyugun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrwa_language" title="Warrwa language">Warrwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyigina_language" title="Nyigina language">Nyigina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngumbarl_language" title="Ngumbarl language">Ngumbarl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giimbiyu_language" title="Giimbiyu language">Giimbiyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwi_language" title="Tiwi language">Tiwi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_languages" title="Tasmanian languages">Tasmanian</a> <br />family-level groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Tasmanian_languages" title="Western Tasmanian languages">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peerapper_language" title="Peerapper language">Northwestern Tasmanian</a> (Peerapper)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toogee_language" title="Toogee language">Southwestern Tasmanian</a> (Toogee) ?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Tasmanian_languages" title="Northern Tasmanian languages">Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommeginne_language" title="Tommeginne language">Northern Tasmanian</a> (Tommeginne)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Sorell_language" title="Port Sorell language">Port Sorell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Tasmanian_languages" title="Northeastern Tasmanian languages">Northeastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyemmairre_language" title="Pyemmairre language">Pyemmairre</a> (Northeastern)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyerrernotepanner_language" title="Tyerrernotepanner language">Tyerrernotepanner</a> (North Midland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhotsky/Blackhouse_Tasmanian_language" title="Lhotsky/Blackhouse Tasmanian language">Lhotsky/Blackhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Tasmanian_language" title="Norman Tasmanian language">Norman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Tasmanian_languages" title="Eastern Tasmanian languages">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paredarerme_language" title="Paredarerme language">Oyster Bay</a> (Paredarerme)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Swanport_language" title="Little Swanport language">Little Swanport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuenonne_language" title="Nuenonne language">Southeast Tasmanian</a> (Nuenonne)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruny_Island_Tasmanian_language" title="Bruny Island Tasmanian language">Bruny Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Indigenous <br />languages and <br /><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_English" title="Australian Aboriginal English">Aboriginal Englishes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English-based_creole_languages" title="English-based creole languages">Creoles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Kriol" title="Australian Kriol">Australian Kriol</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Roper River Kriol (<a href="/wiki/Ngukurr" title="Ngukurr">Ngukurr</a>)</li> <li>Bamyili Kriol (<a href="/wiki/Barunga,_Northern_Territory" title="Barunga, Northern Territory">Barunga</a>)</li> <li>Kimberley Kriol (<a href="/wiki/Fitzroy_Crossing" class="mw-redirect" title="Fitzroy Crossing">Fitzroy Valley</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daly_River,_Northern_Territory" title="Daly River, Northern Territory">Daly River</a> Kriol</li> <li>Westside Kriol (<a href="/wiki/Victoria_River,_Northern_Territory" title="Victoria River, Northern Territory">Victoria River</a>)</li> <li>Barkly Kriol</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mornington_Island" title="Mornington Island">Mornington Island</a> Creole</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kowanyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Kowanyama">Kowanyama</a> Creole</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northeastern <br />creoles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torres_Strait_Creole" title="Torres Strait Creole">Torres Strait Creole</a> (Yumplatok)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Peninsula_Area_Region#Language" title="Northern Peninsula Area Region">Cape York Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockhart_River,_Queensland" title="Lockhart River, Queensland">Lockhart River</a> Creole</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napranum" class="mw-redirect" title="Napranum">Napranum</a> Creole</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_English-based_pidgins" title="List of English-based pidgins">Pidgins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_Jackson_Pidgin_English" title="Port Jackson Pidgin English">Port Jackson Pidgin English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broome_Pearling_Lugger_Pidgin" title="Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin">Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Pidgin_English" title="South Australian Pidgin English">South Australian Pidgin English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngarluma_language#dialects" title="Ngarluma language">Pidgin Ngarluma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mixed_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed languages">Mixed languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Light_Warlpiri" title="Light Warlpiri">Light Warlpiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurindji_Kriol" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurindji Kriol">Gurindji Kriol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwi_language#Modern_Tiwi" title="Tiwi language">Modern Tiwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warumungu" title="Warumungu">Wumpurrarni</a> English (<a href="/wiki/Tennant_Creek" title="Tennant Creek">Tennant Creek</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyawarr" class="mw-redirect" title="Alyawarr">Alyawarr</a> English</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nyungar" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Nyungar">Neo-Nyungar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunga_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Nunga English">Nunga English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarrabah,_Queensland" title="Yarrabah, Queensland">Yarrie</a> Lingo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Island,_Queensland" title="Palm Island, Queensland">Palm</a> Talk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woorabinda" class="mw-redirect" title="Woorabinda">Woorie</a> Talk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherbourg,_Queensland" title="Cherbourg, Queensland">Cherbourg</a> Talk</li> <li>Murdi Language</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primary_language_families" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Language_families" title="Template:Language families"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Language_families" title="Template talk:Language families"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Language_families" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Language families"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Primary_language_families" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_language_families" title="List of language families">Primary language families</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Africa" title="Languages of Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afroasiatic</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoe%E2%80%93Kwadi_languages" title="Khoe–Kwadi languages">Khoe–Kwadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kx%CA%BCa_languages" title="Kxʼa languages">Kx'a</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nilo-Saharan_languages" title="Nilo-Saharan languages">Nilo-Saharan</a></b>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuu_languages" title="Tuu languages">Tuu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mande_languages" title="Mande languages">Mande</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songhay_languages" title="Songhay languages">Songhay</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijaw_languages" title="Ijaw languages">Ijaw</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubangian_languages" title="Ubangian languages">Ubangian</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadu_languages" title="Kadu languages">Kadu</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangime_language" title="Bangime language">Bangime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadza_language" title="Hadza language">Hadza</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jalaa_language" title="Jalaa language">Jalaa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandawe_language" title="Sandawe language">Sandawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laal_language" title="Laal language">Laal</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabo_language" title="Shabo language">Shabo</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eurasia<br />(<a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Europe" title="Languages of Europe">Europe</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asia</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afroasiatic</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_languages" title="Ainu languages">Ainu</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages" title="Austroasiatic languages">Austroasiatic</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukotko-Kamchatkan_languages" title="Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages">Chukotko-Kamchatkan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_languages" title="Dravidian languages">Dravidian</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskaleut_languages" title="Eskaleut languages">Eskaleut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Andamanese_languages" title="Great Andamanese languages">Great Andamanese</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hmong%E2%80%93Mien_languages" title="Hmong–Mien languages">Hmong–Mien</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hurro-Urartian_languages" title="Hurro-Urartian languages">Hurro-Urartian</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japonic_languages" title="Japonic languages">Japonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartvelian_languages" title="Kartvelian languages">Kartvelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreanic_languages" title="Koreanic languages">Koreanic</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kra%E2%80%93Dai_languages" title="Kra–Dai languages">Kra–Dai</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolic_languages" title="Mongolic languages">Mongolic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nivkh_languages" title="Nivkh languages">Nivkh</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Caucasian_languages" title="Northwest Caucasian languages">Northwest Caucasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ongan_languages" title="Ongan languages">Ongan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_languages" title="Sino-Tibetan languages">Sino-Tibetan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungusic_languages" title="Tungusic languages">Tungusic</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Turkic</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tyrsenian_languages" title="Tyrsenian languages">Tyrsenian</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Uralic_languages" title="Uralic languages">Uralic</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeniseian_languages" title="Yeniseian languages">Yeniseian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukaghir_languages" title="Yukaghir languages">Yukaghir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digaro_languages" title="Digaro languages">Digaro</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrusish_languages" title="Hrusish languages">Hrusish</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kho-Bwa_languages" title="Kho-Bwa languages">Kho-Bwa</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mijiic_languages" title="Mijiic languages">Mijiic</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miju_languages" title="Miju languages">Miju</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siangic_languages" title="Siangic languages">Siangic</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_language" title="Basque language">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burushaski" title="Burushaski">Burushaski</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elamite_language" title="Elamite language">Elamite</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hattic_language" title="Hattic language">Hattic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kenaboi_language" title="Kenaboi language">Kenaboi</a>?</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kusunda_language" title="Kusunda language">Kusunda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minoan_language" title="Minoan language">Minoan</a>?</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihali_language" title="Nihali language">Nihali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shompen_language" title="Shompen language">Shompen</a>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sumerian_language" title="Sumerian language">Sumerian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tambora_language" title="Tambora language">Tambora</a>?</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papuan_languages" title="Papuan languages">New Guinea</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">the Pacific</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arai%E2%80%93Samaia_languages" title="Arai–Samaia languages">Arai–Samaia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binanderean%E2%80%93Goilalan_languages" title="Binanderean–Goilalan languages">Binanderean–Goilalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_languages_(New_Guinea)" title="Border languages (New Guinea)">Border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulaka_River_languages" title="Bulaka River languages">Bulaka River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Solomon_languages" title="Central Solomon languages">Central Solomons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimbu%E2%80%93Wahgi_languages" title="Chimbu–Wahgi languages">Chimbu–Wahgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demta%E2%80%93Sentani_languages" title="Demta–Sentani languages">Demta–Sentani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doso%E2%80%93Turumsa_languages" title="Doso–Turumsa languages">Doso–Turumsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Geelvink_Bay_languages" title="East Geelvink Bay languages">East Geelvink Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_New_Britain_languages" title="East New Britain languages">East New Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Strickland_languages" title="East Strickland languages">East Strickland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleman_languages" title="Eleman languages">Eleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engan_languages" title="Engan languages">Engan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fas_languages" title="Fas languages">Fas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foja_Range_languages" title="Foja Range languages">Foja Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaure%E2%80%93Kosare_languages" title="Kaure–Kosare languages">Kaure–Kosare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiwaian_languages" title="Kiwaian languages">Kiwaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutubuan_languages" title="Kutubuan languages">Kutubuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakes_Plain_languages" title="Lakes Plain languages">Lakes Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Mamberamo_languages" title="Lower Mamberamo languages">Lower Mamberamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Sepik_languages" title="Lower Sepik languages">Lower Sepik</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Madang_languages" title="Madang languages">Madang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mairasi_languages" title="Mairasi languages">Mairasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bougainville_languages" title="North Bougainville languages">North Bougainville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauwasi_languages" title="Pauwasi languages">Pauwasi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ramu_languages" title="Ramu languages">Ramu</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senagi_languages" title="Senagi languages">Senagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senu_River_languages" title="Senu River languages">Senu River</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sepik_languages" title="Sepik languages">Sepik</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skou_languages" title="Skou languages">Skou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bougainville_languages" title="South Bougainville languages">South Bougainville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teberan_languages" title="Teberan languages">Teberan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Torricelli_languages" title="Torricelli languages">Torricelli</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Fly_languages" title="Trans-Fly languages">Trans-Fly</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Trans%E2%80%93New_Guinea_languages" title="Trans–New Guinea languages">Trans–New Guinea</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turama%E2%80%93Kikorian_languages" title="Turama–Kikorian languages">Turama–Kikorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Yuat_languages" title="Upper Yuat languages">Upper Yuat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Papuan_languages" title="West Papuan languages">West Papuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yam_languages" title="Yam languages">Yam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawa_languages" title="Yawa languages">Yawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuat_languages" title="Yuat languages">Yuat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Papuan_languages" title="Northwest Papuan languages">Northwest Papuan</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papuan_Gulf_languages" title="Papuan Gulf languages">Papuan Gulf</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abinomn_language" title="Abinomn language">Abinomn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abun_language" title="Abun language">Abun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C3%AAm_language" title="Anêm language">Anêm</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ata_language" title="Ata language">Ata</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kol_language_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Kol language (Papua New Guinea)">Kol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuot_language" title="Kuot language">Kuot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maybrat_language" title="Maybrat language">Maybrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpur_language" title="Mpur language">Mpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawaia_language" title="Pawaia language">Pawaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porome_language" title="Porome language">Porome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulka_language" title="Sulka language">Sulka</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayap_language" title="Tayap language">Taiap</a>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tambora_language" title="Tambora language">Tambora</a>?</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiru_language" title="Wiru language">Wiru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_languages" title="Australian Aboriginal languages">Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arnhem/Macro-Gunwinyguan</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunuban_languages" title="Bunuban languages">Bunuban</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darwin_Region_languages" title="Darwin Region languages">Darwin Region</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daly_languages" title="Eastern Daly languages">Eastern Daly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Tasmanian_languages" title="Eastern Tasmanian languages">Eastern Tasmanian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garawan_languages" title="Garawan languages">Garawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaidjan_languages" title="Iwaidjan languages">Iwaidjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarrakan_languages" title="Jarrakan languages">Jarrakan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marrku%E2%80%93Wurrugu_languages" title="Marrku–Wurrugu languages">Marrku–Wurrugu</a></i>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirndi_languages" title="Mirndi languages">Mirndi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Tasmanian_languages" title="Northern Tasmanian languages">Northern Tasmanian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Tasmanian_languages" title="Northeastern Tasmanian languages">Northeastern Tasmanian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyulnyulan_languages" title="Nyulnyulan languages">Nyulnyulan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pama%E2%80%93Nyungan_languages" title="Pama–Nyungan languages">Pama–Nyungan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Daly_languages" title="Southern Daly languages">Southern Daly</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangkic_languages" title="Tangkic languages">Tangkic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagaydyic_languages" title="Wagaydyic languages">Wagaydyic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Daly_languages" title="Western Daly languages">Western Daly</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Western_Tasmanian_languages" title="Western Tasmanian languages">Western Tasmanian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worrorran_languages" title="Worrorran languages">Worrorran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardaman_language" title="Wardaman language">Yangmanic</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/Wagiman_language" title="Wagiman language">Wagiman</a>)?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Giimbiyu_language" title="Giimbiyu language">Giimbiyu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malak-Malak_language" title="Malak-Malak language">Malak-Malak</a> (Northern Daly?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwi_language" title="Tiwi language">Tiwi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">North<br />America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Algic_languages" title="Algic languages">Algic</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alsea_language" title="Alsea language">Alsea</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caddoan_languages" title="Caddoan languages">Caddoan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chimakuan_languages" title="Chimakuan languages">Chimakuan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chinookan_languages" title="Chinookan languages">Chinookan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chumashan_languages" title="Chumashan languages">Chumashan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Comecrudan_languages" title="Comecrudan languages">Comecrudan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coosan_languages" title="Coosan languages">Coosan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskaleut_languages" title="Eskaleut languages">Eskaleut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iroquoian_languages" title="Iroquoian languages">Iroquoian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalapuyan_languages" title="Kalapuyan languages">Kalapuyan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keres_language" title="Keres language">Keres</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maiduan_languages" title="Maiduan languages">Maiduan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskogean_languages" title="Muskogean languages">Muskogean</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Na-Dene_languages" title="Na-Dene languages">Na-Dene</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palaihnihan_languages" title="Palaihnihan languages">Palaihnihan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plateau_Penutian_languages" title="Plateau Penutian languages">Plateau Penutian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomoan_languages" title="Pomoan languages">Pomoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salishan_languages" title="Salishan languages">Salishan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shastan_languages" title="Shastan languages">Shastan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siouan_languages" title="Siouan languages">Siouan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanoan_languages" title="Tanoan languages">Tanoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsimshianic_languages" title="Tsimshianic languages">Tsimshianic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utian_languages" title="Utian languages">Utian</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Uto-Aztecan_languages" title="Uto-Aztecan languages">Uto-Aztecan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakashan_languages" title="Wakashan languages">Wakashan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wintuan_languages" title="Wintuan languages">Wintuan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yuki%E2%80%93Wappo_languages" title="Yuki–Wappo languages">Yukian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuman%E2%80%93Cochim%C3%AD_languages" title="Yuman–Cochimí languages">Yuman–Cochimí</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chimariko_language" title="Chimariko language">Chimariko</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Esselen_language" title="Esselen language">Esselen</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haida_language" title="Haida language">Haida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karuk_language" title="Karuk language">Karuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutenai_language" title="Kutenai language">Kutenai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seri_language" title="Seri language">Seri</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siuslaw_language" title="Siuslaw language">Siuslaw</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Takelma_language" title="Takelma language">Takelma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Timucua_language" title="Timucua language">Timucua</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tonkawa_language" title="Tonkawa language">Tonkawa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waikuri_language" title="Waikuri language">Waikuri</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washo_language" title="Washo language">Washo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yana_language" title="Yana language">Yana</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokuts_language" title="Yokuts language">Yokuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuchi_language" title="Yuchi language">Yuchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuni_language" title="Zuni language">Zuni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_languages" title="Mesoamerican languages">Mesoamerica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chibchan_languages" title="Chibchan languages">Chibchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jicaquean_languages" title="Jicaquean languages">Jicaquean</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lencan_languages" title="Lencan languages">Lencan</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mayan_languages" title="Mayan languages">Mayan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misumalpan_languages" title="Misumalpan languages">Misumalpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixe%E2%80%93Zoque_languages" title="Mixe–Zoque languages">Mixe–Zoque</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oto-Manguean_languages" title="Oto-Manguean languages">Oto-Manguean</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequistlatecan_languages" title="Tequistlatecan languages">Tequistlatecan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totonacan_languages" title="Totonacan languages">Totonacan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Uto-Aztecan_languages" title="Uto-Aztecan languages">Uto-Aztecan</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xincan_languages" title="Xincan languages">Xincan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cuitlatec_language" title="Cuitlatec language">Cuitlatec</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huave_language" title="Huave language">Huave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur%C3%A9pecha_language" title="Purépecha language">Tarascan/Purépecha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">South<br />America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andoque%E2%80%93Urequena_languages" title="Andoque–Urequena languages">Andoque–Urequena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arawan_languages" title="Arawan languages">Arauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Araucanian_languages" title="Araucanian languages">Araucanian</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arawakan_languages" title="Arawakan languages">Arawakan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arutani%E2%80%93Sape_languages" title="Arutani–Sape languages">Arutani–Sape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aymaran_languages" title="Aymaran languages">Aymaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbacoan_languages" title="Barbacoan languages">Barbacoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boran_languages" title="Boran languages">Boran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahuapanan_languages" title="Cahuapanan languages">Cahuapanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cariban_languages" title="Cariban languages">Cariban</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catacaoan_languages" title="Catacaoan languages">Catacaoan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapacuran_languages" title="Chapacuran languages">Chapacuran</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charruan_languages" title="Charruan languages">Charruan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibchan_languages" title="Chibchan languages">Chibchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choco_languages" title="Choco languages">Choco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonan_languages" title="Chonan languages">Chonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guaicuruan_languages" title="Guaicuruan languages">Guaicuruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guajiboan_languages" title="Guajiboan languages">Guajiboan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har%C3%A1kmbut%E2%80%93Katukinan_languages" title="Harákmbut–Katukinan languages">Harákmbut–Katukinan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jirajaran_languages" title="Jirajaran languages">Jirajaran</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicham_languages" title="Chicham languages">Jivaroan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katembri%E2%80%93Taruma_languages" title="Katembri–Taruma languages">Katembri–Taruma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mascoian_languages" title="Mascoian languages">Mascoian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matacoan_languages" title="Matacoan languages">Matacoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadahup_languages" title="Nadahup languages">Nadahup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nambikwaran_languages" title="Nambikwaran languages">Nambikwaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otom%C3%A1koan_languages" title="Otomákoan languages">Otomákoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pano-Tacanan_languages" title="Pano-Tacanan languages">Pano-Tacanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peba%E2%80%93Yaguan_languages" title="Peba–Yaguan languages">Peba–Yaguan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Quechuan_languages" title="Quechuan languages">Quechuan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piaroa%E2%80%93Saliban_languages" title="Piaroa–Saliban languages">Piaroa–Saliban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticuna%E2%80%93Yuri_languages" title="Ticuna–Yuri languages">Ticuna–Yuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timotean_languages" title="Timotean languages">Timotean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiniguan_languages" title="Tiniguan languages">Tiniguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucanoan_languages" title="Tucanoan languages">Tucanoan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tupian_languages" title="Tupian languages">Tupian</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uru%E2%80%93Chipaya_languages" title="Uru–Chipaya languages">Uru–Chipaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witotoan_languages" title="Witotoan languages">Witotoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanomaman_languages" title="Yanomaman languages">Yanomaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamucoan_languages" title="Zamucoan languages">Zamucoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaparoan_languages" title="Zaparoan languages">Zaparoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bora%E2%80%93Witoto_languages" title="Bora–Witoto languages">Bora-Witoto</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimuan_languages" title="Chimuan languages">Chimuan</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esmeralda%E2%80%93Yaruroan_languages" title="Esmeralda–Yaruroan languages">Esmeralda–Yaruro</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibito%E2%80%93Cholon_languages" title="Hibito–Cholon languages">Hibito–Cholón</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lule%E2%80%93Vilela_languages" title="Lule–Vilela languages">Lule–Vilela</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macro-J%C3%AA_languages" title="Macro-Jê languages">Macro-Jê</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequiraca%E2%80%93Canichana_languages" title="Tequiraca–Canichana languages">Tequiraca–Canichana</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates <br />(extant in 2000)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikan%C3%A3_language" title="Aikanã language">Aikanã</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alacalufan_languages" title="Alacalufan languages">Alacalufan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cams%C3%A1_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Camsá language">Camsá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candoshi-Shapra_language" title="Candoshi-Shapra language">Candoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimane_language" title="Chimane language">Chimane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiquitano_language" title="Chiquitano language">Chiquitano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cof%C3%A1n_language" title="Cofán language">Cofán</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulni%C3%B4_language" title="Fulniô language">Fulniô</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guat%C3%B3_language" title="Guató language">Guató</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hod%C3%AF_language" title="Hodï language">Hodï/Joti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irantxe_language" title="Irantxe language">Irantxe</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itonama_language" title="Itonama language">Itonama</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kunza_language" title="Kunza language">Kunza</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leco_language" title="Leco language">Leco</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maku_language_of_Auari" title="Maku language of Auari">Maku</a> (Maku-Auari/Jukude)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movima_language" title="Movima language">Movima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mura_language" title="Mura language">Mura-Pirahã</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nukak_language" title="Nukak language">Nukak</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1ez_language" title="Páez language">Páez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puinave_language" title="Puinave language">Puinave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waorani_language" title="Waorani language">Huaorani/Waorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumai_language" title="Trumai language">Trumai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urarina_language" title="Urarina language">Urarina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warao_language" title="Warao language">Warao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahgan_language" title="Yahgan language">Yamana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuracar%C3%A9_language" title="Yuracaré language">Yuracaré</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">Sign<br />languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_sign-language_family" title="Arab sign-language family">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BANZSL" title="BANZSL">BANZSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Sign_Language" title="Chinese Sign Language">Chinese</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_Sign_Language_family" title="French Sign Language family">Francosign</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Sign_Language_family" title="German Sign Language family">Germanosign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_Sign_Language" title="Indo-Pakistani Sign Language">Indo-Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Sign_Language_family" title="Japanese Sign Language family">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Chiangmai%E2%80%93Bangkok_Sign_Language_family" title="Old Chiangmai–Bangkok Sign Language family">Original Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Sign_Language_family" title="Swedish Sign Language family">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_sign_languages" title="Tanzanian sign languages">Tanzanian</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isolates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>See <a href="/wiki/List_of_sign_languages" title="List of sign languages">list of sign languages</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constructed_language" title="Constructed language">Constructed languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">Creoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_isolate" title="Language isolate">Language isolates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_language" title="Mixed language">Mixed languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pidgin" title="Pidgin">Pidgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unclassified_language" title="Unclassified language">Unclassified languages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Families with question marks (?) are disputed or controversial.</li><li>Families in <i>italics</i> have no living members.</li><li>Families with more than 30 languages are in <b>bold</b>.</li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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