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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Indledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kronostratigrafi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kronostratigrafi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kronostratigrafi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kronostratigrafi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geokronologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geokronologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geokronologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geokronologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Livsformer_i_Ordovicium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Livsformer_i_Ordovicium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Livsformer i Ordovicium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Livsformer_i_Ordovicium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jorden_i_Ordovicium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jorden_i_Ordovicium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Jorden i Ordovicium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jorden_i_Ordovicium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordoviciske_aflejringer_i_Danmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordoviciske_aflejringer_i_Danmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ordoviciske aflejringer i Danmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordoviciske_aflejringer_i_Danmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ordovicium</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 84 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisium" title="Ordovisium – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ordovisium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – schweizertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="العصر الأوردوفيشي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العصر الأوردوفيشي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcicu" title="Ordovícicu – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ordovícicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik_d%C3%B6vr%C3%BC" title="Ordovik dövrü – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ordovik dövrü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Ардовікскі перыяд – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ардовікскі перыяд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Ардовік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ардовік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ордовик – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ордовик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="অর্ডোভিশিয়ান – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অর্ডোভিশিয়ান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisian" title="Ordovisian – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ordovisian" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovici%C3%A0" title="Ordovicià – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ordovicià" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93%CC%A4-d%C3%B2%CC%A4-g%C4%AB" title="Ó̤-dò̤-gī – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ó̤-dò̤-gī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik" title="Ordovik – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ordovik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordofigaidd" title="Ordofigaidd – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ordofigaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ορδοβίκια περίοδος – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ορδοβίκια περίοδος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicio" title="Ordovicio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ordovicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcico" title="Ordovícico – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ordovícico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviitsium" title="Ordoviitsium – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ordoviitsium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviziar" title="Ordoviziar – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ordoviziar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اردویسین – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اردویسین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovikikausi" title="Ordovikikausi – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ordovikikausi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicien" title="Ordovicien – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ordovicien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcico" title="Ordovícico – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ordovícico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A7" title="אורדוביק – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אורדוביק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="ओर्डोविशी कल्प – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ओर्डोविशी कल्प" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordov%C3%ADcium" title="Ordovícium – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ordovícium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B7%D6%80%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Օրդովիկի ժամանակաշրջան – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օրդովիկի ժամանակաշրջան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisium" title="Ordovisium – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ordovisium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ord%C3%B3vis%C3%ADumt%C3%ADmabili%C3%B0" title="Ordóvisíumtímabilið – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ordóvisíumtímabilið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviciano" title="Ordoviciano – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ordoviciano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9%E7%B4%80" title="オルドビス紀 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オルドビス紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ორდოვიციული სისტემა – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ორდოვიციული სისტემა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96" title="Ордовик кезеңі – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ордовик кезеңі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%EB%8F%84%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%EA%B8%B0" title="오르도비스기 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오르도비스기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Ордовик мезгили – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ордовик мезгили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovizium" title="Ordovizium – luxembourgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ordovizium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovikas" title="Ordovikas – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ordovikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviks" title="Ordoviks – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ordoviks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ордовик – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ордовик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisi" title="Ordovisi – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ordovisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوردویسین – mazenisk" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اوردویسین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97" title="अवरप्रवाल युग – nepalesisk" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अवरप्रवाल युग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – occitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordowik" title="Ordowik – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ordowik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اورڈوویشین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اورڈوویشین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordoviciano" title="Ordoviciano – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ordoviciano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ордовикский период – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ордовикский период" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik" title="Ordovik – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ordovik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicij" title="Ordovicij – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ordovicij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordofisiyaan" title="Ordofisiyaan – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ordofisiyaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Ордовицијум – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ордовицијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovicium" title="Ordovicium – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ordovicium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஓர்டோவிசியக் காலம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஓர்டோவிசியக் காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ยุคออร์โดวิเชียน – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุคออร์โดวิเชียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovisiyen" title="Ordovisiyen – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ordovisiyen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ордовицький період – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ордовицький період" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="آردو ویسی دور – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آردو ویسی دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovik_sistemasi" title="Ordovik sistemasi – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ordovik sistemasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BB%B7_Ordovic" title="Kỷ Ordovic – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kỷ Ordovic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordovig" title="Lordovig – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lordovig" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ordovician" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="奥陶纪 – wu-kinesisk" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奥陶纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cgb%C3%A0_%E1%BB%8C%CC%80rd%C3%B2f%C3%ADs%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Ìgbà Ọ̀rdòfísíà – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìgbà Ọ̀rdòfísíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="奥陶纪 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥陶纪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%99%B6%E7%B4%80" title="奧陶紀 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="奧陶紀" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordovices-k%C3%AD" title="Ordovices-kí – min-kinesisk" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ordovices-kí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%99%B6%E7%B4%80" title="奧陶紀 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="奧陶紀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62100#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigér sproglinks" class="wbc-editpage">Redigér links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerum"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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dir="ltr"><table cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; margin:5px; border:3px solid;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border-bottom:3px solid; background:#efefef;"><small>Denne tidsperiode er en del af<br /><a href="/wiki/Jordens_historie" title="Jordens historie">jordens historie</a>.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#efefef;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%86on" title="Æon">Æon</a>: <a href="/wiki/Phanerozoikum" title="Phanerozoikum">Phanerozoikum</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%C3%86ra_(geologi)" title="Æra (geologi)">Æra</a>: <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A6nozoikum" title="Kænozoikum">Kænozoikum</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Neogen" title="Neogen">Neogen</a> (nutid)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A6ogen" title="Palæogen">Palæogen</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Æra: <a href="/wiki/Mesozoikum" title="Mesozoikum">Mesozoikum</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Kridt_(geologisk_periode)" title="Kridt (geologisk periode)">Kridt</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jura_(geologi)" title="Jura (geologi)">Jura</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Trias" title="Trias">Trias</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Æra: Palæozoikum <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Perm_(geologi)" title="Perm (geologi)">Perm</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Karbon_(geologisk_periode)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karbon (geologisk periode)">Karbon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Devon_(geologi)" title="Devon (geologi)">Devon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Silur" title="Silur">Silur</a></dd> <dd><b>Ordovicium</b> <dl><dd>Sen Ordovicium</dd> <dd>Mellem Ordovicium</dd> <dd>Tidlig Ordovicium</dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kambrium" title="Kambrium">Kambrium</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Superæon: <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A6kambrium" title="Prækambrium">Prækambrium</a> <dl><dd>Æon: <a href="/wiki/Proterozoikum" title="Proterozoikum">Proterozoikum</a></dd> <dd>Æon: <a href="/wiki/Ark%C3%A6ikum" title="Arkæikum">Arkæikum</a></dd> <dd>Æon: <a href="/wiki/Hadal" title="Hadal">Hadal</a></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Periode_(geologi)" title="Periode (geologi)">Perioden</a> <b>Ordovicium</b> ligger i <a href="/wiki/%C3%86ra_(geologi)" title="Æra (geologi)">æraen</a> <a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A6ozoikum" title="Palæozoikum">Palæozoikum</a>, efter <a href="/wiki/Kambrium" title="Kambrium">Kambrium</a> og før <a href="/wiki/Silur" title="Silur">Silur</a>. Ordovicium er opkaldt efter en <a href="/wiki/Walisisk" title="Walisisk">walisisk</a> stamme, som <a href="/wiki/Romer" class="mw-redirect" title="Romer">romerne</a> kaldte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicerne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordovicerne (ikke skrevet endnu)">ordovicerne</a>. </p><p>Perioden er et kompromis efter et skænderi mellem to engelske <i>naturfilosoffer</i> (det hed ikke geologer dengang), Adam Sedgwick (1785-1873) og Sir Roderick Murchison (1792-1871). Kort fortalt samarbejdede de to herrer om i 1831 at kortlægge et område af <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>' geologi. </p><p>Sedgwick startede i en sekvens i Nordwales, vi i dag ved er af kambrisk alder og arbejdede sig op gennem lagserien. Fossilerne var sjældne, så han bestemte sine sekvenser ud fra deres <a href="/w/index.php?title=Litologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litologi (ikke skrevet endnu)">litologiske</a> karakteristika. Området var kraftigt foldet og gennemskåret af forkastninger, så Sedgwick brugte megen tid på at 'rette' lagene ud på papiret. </p><p>Murchison startede i <i>Old Red Sandstone</i>-formationen (<a href="/wiki/Devon_(geologi)" title="Devon (geologi)">devonisk</a> alder) i Sydøstwales og arbejdede sig ned gennem lagserien. Hans kone var yderst interesseret i fossiler og var en dygtig tegner. Ved hendes hjælp fik Roderick Murchison bestemt sekvenserne vha. faunaen. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/1834" title="1834">1834</a> præsenterede de deres resultater, og Sedgwick kaldte sine sekvenser for Kambrium og Murchison kaldte sine sekvenser for Silur. Problemet var dog, at grænseområdet var blevet beskrevet af dem begge. Murchison havde opdelt Silur i fire serier efter ledefossilerne. Sedgwick havde delt Kambrium op efter litologien. </p><p>Da ledefossilerne også kunne findes i resten af Europa, bredte Silur sig ned og overtog næsten Kambrium. Det udløste et bittert fjendskab, men problemet løstes i 1879 af Charles Lapworth, der i Skotland havde inddelt formationer efter <a href="/wiki/Trilobit" title="Trilobit">trilobit</a>- og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Graptolit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graptolit (ikke skrevet endnu)">graptolit</a>-faunaer. Han omdøbte Sedgwicks <i>Øvre Kambrium</i>, der var identisk med Murchisons <i>Nedre Silur</i>, Ordovicium.<br /> Starten på Ordovicium defineres ved første optræden af planktoniske graptolitter, <i>Rhabdinopora praeparabola</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kronostratigrafi">Kronostratigrafi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Kronostratigrafi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Kronostratigrafi"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg/250px-OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg/375px-OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg/500px-OilShaleFossilsEstonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>Bryozoer fra <a href="/wiki/Estland" title="Estland">Estland</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Rent <a href="/wiki/Kronostratigrafi" title="Kronostratigrafi">kronostratigrafisk</a> opdeles systemet Ordovicium i tre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serie_(geologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serie (geologi) (ikke skrevet endnu)">serier</a> og seks <a href="/w/index.php?title=Etage_(geologi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etage (geologi) (ikke skrevet endnu)">etager</a>: </p> <ul><li>Øvre Ordovicium med etagerne; <ul><li>Ashgill</li> <li>Caradoc</li></ul></li> <li>Mellem Ordovicium med etagerne; <ul><li>Llandeilo</li> <li>Llanvirn</li></ul></li> <li>Nedre Ordovicium med etagerne; <ul><li>Arenig</li> <li>Tremadoc</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geokronologi">Geokronologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Geokronologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Geokronologi"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:TetragraptusfruticosusBendigonian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/TetragraptusfruticosusBendigonian.jpg/250px-TetragraptusfruticosusBendigonian.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/TetragraptusfruticosusBendigonian.jpg/375px-TetragraptusfruticosusBendigonian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/TetragraptusfruticosusBendigonian.jpg/500px-TetragraptusfruticosusBendigonian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2784" data-file-height="2130" /></a><figcaption>Graptolitten <i>Tetragraptus fruticosus</i> fra Victoria, <a href="/wiki/Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Perioden Ordovicium opdeles <a href="/wiki/Geokronologi" title="Geokronologi">geokronologisk</a> i tre epoker<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: </p> <ul><li>Sen Ordovicium – 443,7 til 460,9 Ma (millioner år siden).</li> <li>Mellem Ordovicium – 460,9 til 471,8 Ma.</li> <li>Tidlig Ordovicium – 471,8 til 488,3 Ma.</li></ul> <p><i>Tallene er bestemt <b>absolut</b> ud fra radioaktive <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotoper</a> i f.eks askelag, mens epokerne er opdelt <b>relativt</b> efter ledefossiler i de tilsvarende serier. Nye fund af fossiler og askelag vil jævnligt ændre ovennævnte tal.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Livsformer_i_Ordovicium">Livsformer i Ordovicium</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Livsformer i Ordovicium" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Livsformer i Ordovicium"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Asaphus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Asaphus.jpg/150px-Asaphus.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Asaphus.jpg/225px-Asaphus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Asaphus.jpg/300px-Asaphus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="873" /></a><figcaption>Den <a href="/wiki/Forstenede" class="mw-redirect" title="Forstenede">forstenede</a> <a href="/wiki/Trilobit" title="Trilobit">trilobit</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asaphus_lepidurus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asaphus lepidurus (ikke skrevet endnu)">Asaphus lepidurus</a></i> fra <a href="/wiki/Sankt_Petersborg" title="Sankt Petersborg">Sankt Petersborgområdet</a></figcaption></figure> <p>I det meste af Ordovicium var vandstanden i <a href="/wiki/Ocean" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocean">oceanerne</a> højere end i dag, og der var lavvandede epikontinentale have. Disse epikontinentale have var rige på livsformer, mens den tørre jord allerhøjst havde bakterielle livsformer. Det manglende liv på landjorden skyldtes formentlig, at der ikke var <a href="/wiki/Ozon" title="Ozon">ozon</a> nok i <a href="/wiki/Stratosf%C3%A6re" title="Stratosfære">stratosfæren</a> til at beskytte mod Solens <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolette_str%C3%A5ling" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultraviolette stråling">ultraviolette stråling</a>, eller at planterne ikke havde udviklet <a href="/wiki/Voks" title="Voks">voks</a> til at beskytte sig mod udtørring (<a href="/wiki/Olie" title="Olie">Olien</a> fra ordoviciske felter mangler helt type III kerogen – vitrinit). </p><p>I Ordovicium dukkede nye hvirvelløse dyr op: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bryozo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bryozo (ikke skrevet endnu)">Bryozoer</a> (mosdyr) er bundlevende kolonidyr, der filtrerer havvandet for <a href="/wiki/Plankton" title="Plankton">plankton</a>. I Ordovicium var bryozokolonierne grenformede.</li> <li>Graptolitter er nu uddøde, fritflydende (nogle bundlevende) kolonidyr med <a href="/wiki/Kitin" title="Kitin">kitinpanser</a>, der filtrerede havvandet for plankton.</li> <li>Kollektive <a href="/wiki/Koral_(dyr)" class="mw-redirect" title="Koral (dyr)">koraller</a> er bundlevende kolonidyr, der ernærer sig som rovdyr. I Ordovicium var der to nu uddøde ordener: <i>rugose</i> med firetalssymmetri og <i>tabulate</i>, som kædekoraller.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8t%C3%A6nder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Søtænder (ikke skrevet endnu)">Søtænder</a> er slamædende <a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%B8ddyr" title="Bløddyr">bløddyr</a>, ret uforandrede siden Ordovicium.</li> <li>Regelmæssige <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8pindsvin" title="Søpindsvin">søpindsvin</a> er græssende <a href="/wiki/Pighud" class="mw-redirect" title="Pighud">pighude</a> med pigge til forsvar.</li> <li><i>Crateraster</i>, en pighud der senere udviklede sig til <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8stjerne" class="mw-redirect" title="Søstjerne">søstjerner</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slangestjerne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slangestjerne (ikke skrevet endnu)">slangestjerner</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blastoide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blastoide (ikke skrevet endnu)">Blastoider</a> var nu uddøde pighude, der med en stilk sad fast på en hård bund. De filtrerede havvandet for plankton.</li> <li>De første <a href="/w/index.php?title=Havskorpion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Havskorpion (ikke skrevet endnu)">havskorpioner</a> dukkede op. Havskorpioner var uddøde <a href="/wiki/Chelicerata" title="Chelicerata">chelicerater</a> der først slog an i Silur. De ordoviciske havskorpioner var små i forhold til Silurtidens.</li></ul> <p>Dannelsen af <a href="/wiki/Rev" title="Rev">rev</a> blev i Ordovicium overtaget af kalkdannende <a href="/wiki/Alge" class="mw-redirect" title="Alge">alger</a> og koraller, i modsætning til Kambriums <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arch%C3%A6ocyathider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archæocyathider (ikke skrevet endnu)">archæocyathider</a>. </p><p>Hvirvelløse dyr, der overlevede Kambrium/Ordoviciumgrænsen: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foraminifere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foraminifere (ikke skrevet endnu)">Foraminiferer</a> – encellede dyr i kalkskallede huse, en del kan ses med det blotte øje.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orm" title="Orm">Orme</a> afsætter gravegange (sporfossiler) eller udsondrer kalkrør. Ellers er de umulige at finde fossilt. I <a href="/w/index.php?title=Burgess_Shale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burgess Shale (ikke skrevet endnu)">Burgess Shale</a> fra Kambrium er der usædvanligt velbevarede aftryk af bløddele fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Priapulide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Priapulide (ikke skrevet endnu)">priapulider</a> (rovorme), svære at skelne fra nulevende priapulider. Ergo må de også have fandtes i Ordovicium.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Svamp">Svampe</a> er bundlevende dyr der filtrerer havvand for plankton.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trilobitter" class="mw-redirect" title="Trilobitter">Trilobitter</a> var mobile slamædere og rovdyr. Efter blæksprutternes entré udviklede trilobitterne øjne og kunne rulle sig sammen som nutidens <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A6nkebider" class="mw-redirect" title="Bænkebider">bænkebidere</a>. Nærmeste slægtninge er <a href="/wiki/Dolkhale" title="Dolkhale">dolkhaler</a>. Udbredt som ledefossil. Ordoviciske trilobitter udviklede imponerende "horn" i panden, på kinder og kropsled.</li> <li>Hjelmrejer er fritsvømmende <a href="/wiki/Krebsdyr" title="Krebsdyr">krebsdyr</a>, der jager plankton.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachiopoder" class="mw-redirect" title="Brachiopoder">Brachiopoder</a> (armfødder) er toskallede dyr, der i dag er næsten udkonkurreret af muslinger. <i>Lingula</i> er levende fossiler, der graver sig ned i havbunden. De fleste brachiopoder sidder fast på en stilk og filtrerer havvandet for plankton.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyolit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyolit (ikke skrevet endnu)">Hyolitter</a> – uddøde slamædende dyr i kalkkræmmerhuse af usikkert slægtskab.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musling" class="mw-redirect" title="Musling">Muslinger</a> – toskallede bløddyr, der filtrerer havvandet for plankton og sidder fast med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Byssus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byssus (ikke skrevet endnu)">byssustråde</a>. Muslinger var ikke særlig udbredt i Ordovicium. Ordoviciske muslingers lukkesystem var primitivt.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snegl" class="mw-redirect" title="Snegl">Snegle</a> havde deres nuværende udseende i Ordovicium (land- og nøgensnegle undtaget).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautil" title="Nautil">Nautiler</a> er primitive, skalbærende blæksprutter. I Ordovicium var de top-rovdyrene og kunne blive op til 4,5 meter lange. De havde et ukendt antal arme og deres skaller var lige (orthoceratitter), krumme eller sammenrullede. Ud fra kamrene i de ordoviciske orthoceratitter har man udledt, at Månen kun var 12 døgn om ét jordkredsløb, og derfor var tættere på Jorden. Det betyder, at døgnet på Jorden var kortere dengang.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8lilje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sølilje (ikke skrevet endnu)">Søliljer</a> dominerede faunaen, og hele kalkstenslag består af resterne af disse. Søliljer sidder fast på havbunden med krystallinske stilke opbygget af segmenter. Med "armene" indsamler de plankton, og når de dør, falder de fra hinanden til stilkled, armled og kropsplader. Hele søliljer fra Ordovicium er sjældne. Nulevende søliljer kan også være fritsvømmende.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cystoide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cystoide (ikke skrevet endnu)">Cystoider</a> (stenæbler) var populært sagt søliljer uden arme. De var sjældne, men dannede i en kort periode et dominerende tyndt lag.</li></ul> <p>Hvirveldyr: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conodont&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conodont (ikke skrevet endnu)">Conodonter</a> er de velbevarede tænder fra nogle uddøde dyr. Conodonterne ligner tænder fra orme, men er lavet af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apatit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apatit (ikke skrevet endnu)">apatit</a>, hvirveldyrs tandemalje. Tilsyneladende var conodontdyr en slags slimål (kæbeløse fisk).</li></ul> <p>Planter: </p> <ul><li>Planter er notorisk svære at bevare fossilt, men de, der danner strukturer med kisel eller kalk, kan bevares. De eneste planter i Ordovicium var alger og nogle voksede i klynger. Eksempler er alger (<i>Mastopora</i> og skorpedannende <i>Acanthochonia</i>) og fra midten af perioden også primitive <a href="/wiki/Levermosser" title="Levermosser">Levermosser</a> (<i>Marchantiophyta</i>).</li></ul> <p>Bakterier: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stromatolit" title="Stromatolit">Stromatolitter</a> er måtter af <a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5gr%C3%B8nalge" class="mw-redirect" title="Blågrønalge">blågrønalger</a> og <a href="/wiki/Silt" title="Silt">silt</a> og findes som 2 milliarder år gamle fossiler. Stromatolitter dannes også i nutiden og har derfor også fandtes i Ordovicium.</li></ul> <p>Ordovicium sluttede af med den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirnantia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirnantia (ikke skrevet endnu)">Hirnantiske Istid</a> der dækkede det nuværende <a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Sahara</a> og <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_regnskov" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazonas regnskov">Amazonas</a>. Havniveauet faldt drastisk (50-100 m), og kontinentalhavene blev tørlagte. Det førte til den næststørste masseuddøen og ansporede silurtidens livsformer til at erobre den tørre landjord. Istiden varede 2 millioner år. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jorden_i_Ordovicium">Jorden i Ordovicium</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Jorden i Ordovicium" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Jorden i Ordovicium"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sydamerika" title="Sydamerika">Sydamerika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antarktis" title="Antarktis">Antarktis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Den_Arabiske_Halv%C3%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Den Arabiske Halvø">Den Arabiske Halvø</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien">Indien</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kina" title="Kina">Kina</a> var samlet i kontinentet <a href="/wiki/Gondwana" class="mw-redirect" title="Gondwana">Gondwana</a>, der i løbet af Ordovicium kravlede sydpå og blev til Sydpolen. <a href="/wiki/Nordamerika" title="Nordamerika">Nordamerika</a>, også kaldet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurentia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurentia (ikke skrevet endnu)">Laurentia</a>, var forbundet med <a href="/wiki/Sibirien" title="Sibirien">Sibirien</a> og lå på <a href="/wiki/%C3%86kvator" title="Ækvator">Ækvator</a>. Danmark, bortset fra Sønderjylland og Lolland-Falster, lå på mikrokontinentet <b>Baltica</b> sammen med <a href="/wiki/Norge" title="Norge">Norge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sverige" title="Sverige">Sverige</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, de baltiske lande, Nordvest<a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">rusland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hviderusland" title="Hviderusland">Hviderusland</a> og det nordlige <a href="/wiki/Polen" title="Polen">Polen</a>. Baltica lå isoleret på omkring 30° S og var drejet 45° mod uret. <a href="/wiki/Avalonia" title="Avalonia">Avalonia</a> var et mindre mikrokontinent med det sydlige Danmark, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, Nord<a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">tyskland</a> mm., der lå sydligere. </p><p>Mellem Laurentia og Baltica lå det 2.000 km brede <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iapetus_Oceanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iapetus Oceanet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Iapetus Oceanet</a>, der lukkede sig, kulminerende med den kaledoniske bjergkædedannelse i Silur. Syd for Baltica lå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tornquist_Oceanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tornquist Oceanet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Tornquist Oceanet</a>, der i slutningen af Ordovicium blev lukket, da <a href="/wiki/Avalonia" title="Avalonia">Avalonia</a> kolliderede med Baltica og forenede Sønderjylland og Lolland-Falster med rest-Danmark. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ordoviciske_aflejringer_i_Danmark">Ordoviciske aflejringer i Danmark</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Ordoviciske aflejringer i Danmark" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Ordoviciske aflejringer i Danmark"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De ordoviciske aflejringer ligger begravet under kilometertykke aflejringer i det meste af Danmark, men på Syd<a href="/wiki/Bornholm" title="Bornholm">bornholm</a> er de blottede. </p> <ul><li>Øvre Ordovicium. <ul><li><b>Dalmanitina<a href="/wiki/Skifer" title="Skifer">skifer</a></b> – opkaldt efter en trilobit.</li> <li><b>Tretaspisskifer</b> – opkaldt efter en trilobit.</li> <li><b>Dicellograptusskifer</b> – opkaldt efter en graptolit.</li></ul></li> <li>Mellem Ordovicium <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakune" title="Lakune">Lakune</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nedre Ordovicium <ul><li><b>Komstadkalk / Orthoceratitkalk / Skelbrokalk</b> – <a href="/wiki/Kalksten" title="Kalksten">Kalksten</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakune" title="Lakune">Lakune</a>.</li> <li><b>Dictyonemaskifer</b> – Opkaldt efter <i>Rhabdinopora</i> (graptolit), toppen af Alunskiferen fra Kambrium.</li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /> Ovennævnte lagpakker er også blottede i Oslo-området, Sydsverige, Estland mm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordovicium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Litteratur"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Briggs, E.G. et al: <i>Palaeobiology – a synthesis</i>, 1990, Blackwell, <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/0-632-03311-8" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/0-632-03311-8">0-632-03311-8</a></li> <li>Prothero, D.R.: <i>Interpreting the Stratigraphic Record</i>, 1990, Freeman, <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/0-7167-1854-5" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/0-7167-1854-5">0-7167-1854-5</a></li> <li>Jackson, J.A.: <i>Glossary of Geology</i>, 1997, American Geological Institute, <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/0-922152-34-9" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/0-922152-34-9">0-922152-34-9</a></li> <li>Evans, D. et al: <i>The Millennium Atlas of the North Sea</i>, 2003, Millennium Atlas Co., <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/1-86239-119-X" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/1-86239-119-X">1-86239-119-X</a></li> <li>Graversen, P.: <i>Fossiler i Farver</i>, 1994, Politikens Forlag, <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/87-567-5424-8" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/87-567-5424-8">87-567-5424-8</a></li> <li>Lambert, D.: <i>Förhistoriska Växter och Djur</i>, 1990, Forum, <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/91-37-09190-5" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/91-37-09190-5">91-37-09190-5</a></li> <li>Thorshøj, A. et al: <i>Bornholms Geologi II – Palæozoikum</i>, 1988, Varv # 3, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0105-6301">0105-6301</a></li> <li>Smith, P.J.: <i>Jordens Udvikling – Bind 6 i Videnskabens Verden</i>, 1987, Bonniers Bøger, <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/87-427-0257-7" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/87-427-0257-7">87-427-0257-7</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotese.com/newpage1.htm">Kort over Jorden i Ordovicium (458 Ma)</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11780210">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points</i>, 2004 (ICS)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Geologisk Nyt nr. 3/10, Geologisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet: side 19 (Geologisk tidsskala)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="infobox sisterproject"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50px; height:67px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" 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