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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55215612]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_55215612").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_55215612").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="55215612"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy">Democracy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17123" type="text/json">{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51907" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_Constitucional">Direito Constitucional</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51907" type="text/json">{"id":51907,"name":"Direito Constitucional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_Constitucional?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52222" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constituent_Power">Constituent Power</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="52222" type="text/json">{"id":52222,"name":"Constituent Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constituent_Power?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55215612]'), work: {"id":55215612,"title":"Constitucionalismo e democracia: soberania e poder constituinte","created_at":"2021-10-03T12:24:19.211-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/55215612/Constitucionalismo_e_democracia_soberania_e_poder_constituinte?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_55215612","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71192204,"asset_id":55215612,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40220806,"first_name":"Vera Karam de","last_name":"Chueiri","domain_name":"ufpr","page_name":"VeraKaramdeChueiri","display_name":"Vera Karam de Chueiri","profile_url":"https://ufpr.academia.edu/VeraKaramdeChueiri?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40220806/16133774/36993202/s65_vera_karam_de.chueiri.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":51907,"name":"Direito Constitucional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito_Constitucional?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":52222,"name":"Constituent Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constituent_Power?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":408066,"name":"Constitucionalismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitucionalismo?f_ri=3661"},{"id":412987,"name":"Soberania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soberania?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_149149" data-work_id="149149" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/149149/ASEAN_Intervention_in_Cambodia_From_Cold_War_to_Conditionality">ASEAN Intervention in Cambodia: From Cold War to Conditionality</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Despite their other theoretical differences, virtually all scholars of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) agree that the organization's members share an almost religious commitment to the norm of non-intervention. This... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_149149" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Despite their other theoretical differences, virtually all scholars of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) agree that the organization's members share an almost religious commitment to the norm of non-intervention. This article disrupts this consensus, arguing that ASEAN repeatedly intervened in Cambodia's internal political conflicts from 1979 to 1999, often with powerful and destructive effects. ASEAN's role in maintaining Khmer Rouge occupancy of Cambodia's UN seat, constructing a new coalition government in exile, manipulating Khmer refugee camps and informing the content of the Cambodian peace process will be explored, before turning to the 'creeping conditionality' for ASEAN membership imposed after the 1997 'coup' in Phnom Penh. The article argues for an analysis recognizing the political nature of intervention, and seeks to explain both the creation of non-intervention norms and specific violations of them as attempts by ASEAN elites to maintain their own illiberal, capitalist regimes against domestic and international political threats. <br />[the full version is available via my website, <a href="http://www.leejones.tk" rel="nofollow">http://www.leejones.tk</a>]</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/149149" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8e52ad15f365bed5bdfb593f1fe792aa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38051551,"asset_id":149149,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38051551/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="184" href="https://qmul.academia.edu/LeeJones">Lee Jones</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"first_name":"Lee","last_name":"Jones","domain_name":"qmul","page_name":"LeeJones","display_name":"Lee Jones","profile_url":"https://qmul.academia.edu/LeeJones?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184/258/35535110/s65_lee.jones.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_149149 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="149149"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 149149, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_149149", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=149149]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_149149").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_149149").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="149149"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="797" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations">International Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="797" type="text/json">{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1031" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies">Southeast Asian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1031" type="text/json">{"id":1031,"name":"Southeast Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5214" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_War">Cold War</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5214" type="text/json">{"id":5214,"name":"Cold War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_War?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=149149]'), work: {"id":149149,"title":"ASEAN Intervention in Cambodia: From Cold War to Conditionality","created_at":"2008-07-12T04:22:59.411-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/149149/ASEAN_Intervention_in_Cambodia_From_Cold_War_to_Conditionality?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_149149","summary":"Despite their other theoretical differences, virtually all scholars of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) agree that the organization's members share an almost religious commitment to the norm of non-intervention. This article disrupts this consensus, arguing that ASEAN repeatedly intervened in Cambodia's internal political conflicts from 1979 to 1999, often with powerful and destructive effects. ASEAN's role in maintaining Khmer Rouge occupancy of Cambodia's UN seat, constructing a new coalition government in exile, manipulating Khmer refugee camps and informing the content of the Cambodian peace process will be explored, before turning to the 'creeping conditionality' for ASEAN membership imposed after the 1997 'coup' in Phnom Penh. The article argues for an analysis recognizing the political nature of intervention, and seeks to explain both the creation of non-intervention norms and specific violations of them as attempts by ASEAN elites to maintain their own illiberal, capitalist regimes against domestic and international political threats.\r\n[the full version is available via my website, http://www.leejones.tk]","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38051551,"asset_id":149149,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":184,"first_name":"Lee","last_name":"Jones","domain_name":"qmul","page_name":"LeeJones","display_name":"Lee Jones","profile_url":"https://qmul.academia.edu/LeeJones?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184/258/35535110/s65_lee.jones.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":1031,"name":"Southeast Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":5214,"name":"Cold War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_War?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":6746,"name":"Southeast Asia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asia?f_ri=3661"},{"id":6814,"name":"Cambodia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cambodia?f_ri=3661"},{"id":7443,"name":"Communism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":25845,"name":"Southeast Asian Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Politics?f_ri=3661"},{"id":26274,"name":"Cambodian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cambodian_History?f_ri=3661"},{"id":28981,"name":"Ethnic Conflict and Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Conflict_and_Civil_War?f_ri=3661"},{"id":97450,"name":"Intervention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intervention?f_ri=3661"},{"id":347292,"name":"State sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":607652,"name":"Norms in International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norms_in_International_Relations?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37579728" data-work_id="37579728" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37579728/Encounters_Interactions_and_a_Shared_Cultural_Sphere_The_Assyrian_Empire_and_the_Syro_Hittite_States_of_the_Iron_Age">Encounters, Interactions, and a Shared Cultural Sphere: The Assyrian Empire and the Syro-Hittite States of the Iron Age</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The nature of the relationship between the Assyrian state and the Syro-Hittite states is often represented in the writings of archaeologists and ancient historians under the rubric of imperialism, Assyrian sovereignty, and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37579728" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The nature of the relationship between the Assyrian state and the Syro-Hittite states is often represented in the writings of archaeologists and ancient historians under the rubric of imperialism, Assyrian sovereignty, and the Syro-Hittite resistance, an unchanging formula largely based on center-periphery models. This structuralist model of fixed relationships is thus characterized as a firmly-set trajectory of power relations and a teleological narrative of conquest, ending without exception with the eventual and complete submission and subjugation of Syro-Hittite states to Assyrian military power. While Syro-Hittite states are represented as vulnerable and politically weak entities, the Assyrian state is referred as an “expansionistic imperial power” or “superior invading force”. Had they escaped direct Assyrian sovereignty, these peripheral communities were at least deemed “Assyrianizing” in their material culture. This a priori qualification of Syro-Hittite-Assyrian relationships as an imbalanced power distribution is an outcome of the preponderance of studies of Assyrian sovereignty with an obsession with the (cosmic) image of the sovereign in his visual and verbal manifestations. Secondly it is often assumed that the study of Assyrian imperialism has always operated through coercion and military violence. Alternative forms of engagement between the Neo-Assyrian state and the Syro-Hittite kingdoms such as diplomacy, political negotiation, trade, exchange of ideas, politics of settlement, land management, taxation or traveling craftsmen and circulation of technology and knowledge are much more rarely discussed. In this paper, I suggest that historical perspectives on the unchallenged Assyrian imperialism are often driven by the alluring, yet biased perspectives offered by the sumptuous, if not excessive corpus of Assyrian annalistic accounts, state sponsored texts, and imperial monuments. Therefore such perspectives prioritize short-term political histories of conquest and domination over other longer term and more horizontally distributed aspects of the past such as cultural practices, ecological histories, political landscapes, socialization, or material worlds. The historicist accounts of the Near Eastern past can be challenged and perhaps balanced by evidence offered by archaeological, material, and environmental research, which present alternative and often contrasting perspectives on these particular histories. Prioritizing textual evidence often leaves out the material flows, delicate negotiations of power, dynamics of trade and exchange and the politics of resource extraction. Attending to other forms of evidence allows us to reflect on the complexity of the relationships between Assyria and the Syro-Hittite states. In this article, I pay particular attention to such interactions and encounters that are other than military in nature, and give priority to material evidence that challenge standard imperialist narratives of Assyrian textual accounts.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37579728" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="88a9e493489cfe9ebebe07c1fd387999" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63590245,"asset_id":37579728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63590245/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61796" href="https://uic.academia.edu/%C3%96m%C3%BCrHarmansah">Ömür Harmansah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61796" type="text/json">{"id":61796,"first_name":"Ömür","last_name":"Harmansah","domain_name":"uic","page_name":"ÖmürHarmansah","display_name":"Ömür Harmansah","profile_url":"https://uic.academia.edu/%C3%96m%C3%BCrHarmansah?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61796/17598/156287684/s65__m_r.harmansah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37579728 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37579728"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37579728, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37579728", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37579728]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37579728").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37579728").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37579728"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37579728]'), work: {"id":37579728,"title":"Encounters, Interactions, and a Shared Cultural Sphere: The Assyrian Empire and the Syro-Hittite States of the Iron Age","created_at":"2018-10-13T16:33:33.967-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37579728/Encounters_Interactions_and_a_Shared_Cultural_Sphere_The_Assyrian_Empire_and_the_Syro_Hittite_States_of_the_Iron_Age?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_37579728","summary":"The nature of the relationship between the Assyrian state and the Syro-Hittite states is often represented in the writings of archaeologists and ancient historians under the rubric of imperialism, Assyrian sovereignty, and the Syro-Hittite resistance, an unchanging formula largely based on center-periphery models. This structuralist model of fixed relationships is thus characterized as a firmly-set trajectory of power relations and a teleological narrative of conquest, ending without exception with the eventual and complete submission and subjugation of Syro-Hittite states to Assyrian military power. While Syro-Hittite states are represented as vulnerable and politically weak entities, the Assyrian state is referred as an “expansionistic imperial power” or “superior invading force”. Had they escaped direct Assyrian sovereignty, these peripheral communities were at least deemed “Assyrianizing” in their material culture. This a priori qualification of Syro-Hittite-Assyrian relationships as an imbalanced power distribution is an outcome of the preponderance of studies of Assyrian sovereignty with an obsession with the (cosmic) image of the sovereign in his visual and verbal manifestations. Secondly it is often assumed that the study of Assyrian imperialism has always operated through coercion and military violence. Alternative forms of engagement between the Neo-Assyrian state and the Syro-Hittite kingdoms such as diplomacy, political negotiation, trade, exchange of ideas, politics of settlement, land management, taxation or traveling craftsmen and circulation of technology and knowledge are much more rarely discussed. In this paper, I suggest that historical perspectives on the unchallenged Assyrian imperialism are often driven by the alluring, yet biased perspectives offered by the sumptuous, if not excessive corpus of Assyrian annalistic accounts, state sponsored texts, and imperial monuments. Therefore such perspectives prioritize short-term political histories of conquest and domination over other longer term and more horizontally distributed aspects of the past such as cultural practices, ecological histories, political landscapes, socialization, or material worlds. The historicist accounts of the Near Eastern past can be challenged and perhaps balanced by evidence offered by archaeological, material, and environmental research, which present alternative and often contrasting perspectives on these particular histories. Prioritizing textual evidence often leaves out the material flows, delicate negotiations of power, dynamics of trade and exchange and the politics of resource extraction. Attending to other forms of evidence allows us to reflect on the complexity of the relationships between Assyria and the Syro-Hittite states. In this article, I pay particular attention to such interactions and encounters that are other than military in nature, and give priority to material evidence that challenge standard imperialist narratives of Assyrian textual accounts. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63590245,"asset_id":37579728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61796,"first_name":"Ömür","last_name":"Harmansah","domain_name":"uic","page_name":"ÖmürHarmansah","display_name":"Ömür Harmansah","profile_url":"https://uic.academia.edu/%C3%96m%C3%BCrHarmansah?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61796/17598/156287684/s65__m_r.harmansah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1956,"name":"Anatolian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anatolian_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3790,"name":"Anatolian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anatolian_Archaeology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":7125,"name":"Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture?f_ri=3661"},{"id":7655,"name":"Architectural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_History?f_ri=3661"},{"id":10966,"name":"Turkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkey?f_ri=3661"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=3661"},{"id":30010,"name":"Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empire?f_ri=3661"},{"id":36417,"name":"Assyrian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyrian_Empire?f_ri=3661"},{"id":56908,"name":"Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperialism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":70706,"name":"Neo-Hittite Art and Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-Hittite_Art_and_Architecture?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24632331" data-work_id="24632331" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24632331/_The_Irrevocable_Tension_between_Sovereign_and_Biopower_Torture_as_a_Technology_of_Rule_in_Colonial_India_in_Deana_Heath_and_Stephen_Legg_eds_South_Asian_Governmentalities_Michel_Foucault_and_the_Question_of_the_Postcoloinal_Cambridge_University_Press_forthcoming_">“The Irrevocable Tension between Sovereign and Biopower: Torture as a Technology of Rule in Colonial India", in Deana Heath and Stephen Legg (eds), South Asian Governmentalities: Michel Foucault and the Question of the Postcoloinal (Cambridge University Press, forthcoming)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31034628" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/DeanaHeath">Deana Heath</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31034628" type="text/json">{"id":31034628,"first_name":"Deana","last_name":"Heath","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"DeanaHeath","display_name":"Deana Heath","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/DeanaHeath?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31034628/9888079/29154568/s65_deana.heath.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24632331 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24632331"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24632331, container: 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type="text/json">{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3024" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_India">History of India</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3024" type="text/json">{"id":3024,"name":"History of India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_India?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6256" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necropolitics">Necropolitics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6256" type="text/json">{"id":6256,"name":"Necropolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necropolitics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24632331]'), work: {"id":24632331,"title":"“The Irrevocable Tension between Sovereign and Biopower: Torture as a Technology of Rule in Colonial India\", in Deana Heath and Stephen Legg (eds), South Asian Governmentalities: Michel Foucault and the Question of the Postcoloinal (Cambridge University Press, forthcoming)","created_at":"2016-04-21T09:28:04.798-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24632331/_The_Irrevocable_Tension_between_Sovereign_and_Biopower_Torture_as_a_Technology_of_Rule_in_Colonial_India_in_Deana_Heath_and_Stephen_Legg_eds_South_Asian_Governmentalities_Michel_Foucault_and_the_Question_of_the_Postcoloinal_Cambridge_University_Press_forthcoming_?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_24632331","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44959227,"asset_id":24632331,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31034628,"first_name":"Deana","last_name":"Heath","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"DeanaHeath","display_name":"Deana Heath","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/DeanaHeath?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31034628/9888079/29154568/s65_deana.heath.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3024,"name":"History of India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_India?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":6256,"name":"Necropolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necropolitics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":9939,"name":"Torture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Torture?f_ri=3661"},{"id":16323,"name":"Biopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biopolitics?f_ri=3661"},{"id":43838,"name":"India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42769237" data-work_id="42769237" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42769237/Sovereignty_A_Play_In_Three_Acts">Sovereignty - A Play In Three Acts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nine characters are cast into a set of circumstances that cannot be explained but with which those individuals must engage. The fate of humanity rides on what they do. Their task is to come to grips with the issue of self-governance.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42769237" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nine characters are cast into a set of circumstances that cannot be explained but with which those individuals must engage. The fate of humanity rides on what they do. <br /><br />Their task is to come to grips with the issue of self-governance. With no resources on which to draw except their own ideas, intelligence, moral integrity, and understanding, they must try to work out the essential principles of sovereignty. <br /><br />The challenge is time-limited, but they do not how much time is left before the final buzzer is sounded. In addition, there is a war, of some kind, that is raging all around them, and the explosions are coming closer and closer to their location. <br /><br />The discussions which ensue are far-reaching. They range from: the Philadelphia Convention of 1787, to: issues of ratification, the Preamble to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, constitutionality, the rule of law, judicial interpretation, sovereignty, the nature of power, education, cults, the scientific problem of origins, militarism, and more. <br /><br />Finally, a number of the characters are suspected of terrorism and treason. As a result, they must face an investigation into their activities. The truth might not be enough to save those individuals, but an unexpected decision is rendered leading to ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42769237" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c34c19f9cab355670d017b5ec6124959" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62992213,"asset_id":42769237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62992213/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47805256" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/AnabWhitehouse">Anab Whitehouse</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47805256" type="text/json">{"id":47805256,"first_name":"Anab","last_name":"Whitehouse","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"AnabWhitehouse","display_name":"Anab Whitehouse","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/AnabWhitehouse?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47805256/33085536/29631101/s65_william.whitehouse.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42769237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42769237"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42769237, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42769237", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42769237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42769237; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42769237"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42769237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42769237"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42769237; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42769237]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42769237").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42769237").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42769237"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="547" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law">Constitutional Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="547" type="text/json">{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="813" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy">Political Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="813" type="text/json">{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42769237]'), work: {"id":42769237,"title":"Sovereignty - A Play In Three Acts","created_at":"2020-04-17T14:24:42.660-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42769237/Sovereignty_A_Play_In_Three_Acts?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_42769237","summary":"Nine characters are cast into a set of circumstances that cannot be explained but with which those individuals must engage. The fate of humanity rides on what they do. \n\nTheir task is to come to grips with the issue of self-governance. With no resources on which to draw except their own ideas, intelligence, moral integrity, and understanding, they must try to work out the essential principles of sovereignty. \n\nThe challenge is time-limited, but they do not how much time is left before the final buzzer is sounded. In addition, there is a war, of some kind, that is raging all around them, and the explosions are coming closer and closer to their location. \n\nThe discussions which ensue are far-reaching. They range from: the Philadelphia Convention of 1787, to: issues of ratification, the Preamble to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, constitutionality, the rule of law, judicial interpretation, sovereignty, the nature of power, education, cults, the scientific problem of origins, militarism, and more. \n\nFinally, a number of the characters are suspected of terrorism and treason. As a result, they must face an investigation into their activities. The truth might not be enough to save those individuals, but an unexpected decision is rendered leading to ... \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62992213,"asset_id":42769237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47805256,"first_name":"Anab","last_name":"Whitehouse","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"AnabWhitehouse","display_name":"Anab Whitehouse","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/AnabWhitehouse?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47805256/33085536/29631101/s65_william.whitehouse.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":18373,"name":"Moral Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral_Philosophy?f_ri=3661"},{"id":27982,"name":"Theories of Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":67703,"name":"Federalism, Self-Determination and Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Federalism_Self-Determination_and_Governance?f_ri=3661"},{"id":264350,"name":"Self Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Governance?f_ri=3661"},{"id":334612,"name":"Duties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Duties?f_ri=3661"},{"id":810660,"name":"Obligations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obligations?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44796741" data-work_id="44796741" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44796741/_Neither_Completely_Guilty_nor_Completely_Innocent_Representing_Injustice_in_Jean_Racine_s_Ph%C3%A8dre">‘Neither Completely Guilty nor Completely Innocent’: Representing Injustice in Jean Racine’s Phèdre</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The eponymous protagonist of Phèdre emerges as a true tragic heroine by exercising her own free will to commit wrong instead of being a mere victim of fate. Criticism focusing on injustice has tended to shine light on Thésée, denying... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44796741" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The eponymous protagonist of Phèdre emerges as a true tragic heroine by exercising her own free will to commit wrong instead of being a mere victim of fate. Criticism focusing on injustice has tended to shine light on Thésée, denying Phèdre royal sovereignty just as French Salic law did to queens. By shifting the spotlight from Thésée to Phèdre, and from the idea of judgment as a means of redressing injustice to injustice resulting from the challenges of governance and self-governance in royal leaders, we will see that Phèdre’s gender has tended to obscure the important connection suggested between injustice and the exercise of monarchical power. The gender of the eponymous heroine of the play operates as a cover: by associating wrongdoing with a female monarch, a literal impossibility in France, Racine is able to delve into particularly controversial aspects of unjust governance as experienced in his day and age.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44796741" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="333460b51484076c7f54f34b8ac3c0e8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66094292,"asset_id":44796741,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66094292/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27826" href="https://utexas.academia.edu/MarcBizer">Marc Bizer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27826" type="text/json">{"id":27826,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bizer","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"MarcBizer","display_name":"Marc Bizer","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/MarcBizer?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27826/9092/66412529/s65_marc.bizer.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44796741 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44796741"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44796741, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44796741", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44796741 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44796741; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44796741"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44796741 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44796741"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44796741; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44796741]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44796741").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44796741").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44796741"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7024" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender">Gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7024" type="text/json">{"id":7024,"name":"Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25820" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nicomachean_Ethics">Nicomachean Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25820" type="text/json">{"id":25820,"name":"Nicomachean Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nicomachean_Ethics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="174010" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Injustice">Injustice</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="174010" type="text/json">{"id":174010,"name":"Injustice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Injustice?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44796741]'), work: {"id":44796741,"title":"‘Neither Completely Guilty nor Completely Innocent’: Representing Injustice in Jean Racine’s Phèdre","created_at":"2020-12-29T13:26:35.801-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44796741/_Neither_Completely_Guilty_nor_Completely_Innocent_Representing_Injustice_in_Jean_Racine_s_Ph%C3%A8dre?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_44796741","summary":"The eponymous protagonist of Phèdre emerges as a true tragic heroine by exercising her own free will to commit wrong instead of being a mere victim of fate. Criticism focusing on injustice has tended to shine light on Thésée, denying Phèdre royal sovereignty just as French Salic law did to queens. By shifting the spotlight from Thésée to Phèdre, and from the idea of judgment as a means of redressing injustice to injustice resulting from the challenges of governance and self-governance in royal leaders, we will see that Phèdre’s gender has tended to obscure the important connection suggested between injustice and the exercise of monarchical power. The gender of the eponymous heroine of the play operates as a cover: by associating wrongdoing with a female monarch, a literal impossibility in France, Racine is able to delve into particularly controversial aspects of unjust governance as experienced in his day and age.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66094292,"asset_id":44796741,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27826,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bizer","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"MarcBizer","display_name":"Marc Bizer","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/MarcBizer?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27826/9092/66412529/s65_marc.bizer.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":7024,"name":"Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":25820,"name":"Nicomachean Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nicomachean_Ethics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":174010,"name":"Injustice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Injustice?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":885252,"name":"Classical French Tragedy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_French_Tragedy?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37285183" data-work_id="37285183" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37285183/Repr%C3%A4sentation_einer_Leerstelle_oder_Auszug_ins_Reale_Zur_politischen_Bedeutung_des_biblischen_Exodus_der_historisch_nicht_stattgefunden_hat">Repräsentation einer Leerstelle, oder: Auszug ins Reale. Zur politischen Bedeutung des biblischen Exodus, der historisch nicht stattgefunden hat</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article reads the invention of the Exodus-Narrative in its historical context of the religious and political system of the Ancient Near East. It reconstructs the revolutionary different approach to political power and theological... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37285183" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article reads the invention of the Exodus-Narrative in its historical context of the religious and political system of the Ancient Near East. It reconstructs the revolutionary different approach to political power and theological foundation in the development of the Mose- and Exodus-Narrative and its innerbiblical Fortschreibung. For this development it is most decisive that the Exodus-Narrative is not based on a historical migration-movement "from point A to point B", but on a historical confrontation with the political powers at that time. The foundation of a strict monotheistic understanding of theology and the invention of “textual authority” that diverged from the status of scripture in the Ancient Near East and which can be reconstructed through the structure of the Exodus-Narrative and its canonical form as the Tora of Mose, has laid the foundation for the identity of Israel and the basis for the three Monotheistic Religions. The article's argument is strictly developed in correspondence with contemporary exegetical and historical research (esp. E. Otto and Chr. Dohmen) and is brought together with contemporary accounts to political thought from poststructuralist and deconstructive philosophers like Derrida, Levinas, Badiou and Agamben. The outcome of this study is articulated as a contribution to an affirmative reading of the so-called »crisis of representation«.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37285183" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="250f5450f1c6a84731ecae56a72d74c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58202769,"asset_id":37285183,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58202769/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3469147" href="https://univie.academia.edu/PeterZeillinger">Peter A . Zeillinger</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3469147" type="text/json">{"id":3469147,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Zeillinger","domain_name":"univie","page_name":"PeterZeillinger","display_name":"Peter A . Zeillinger","profile_url":"https://univie.academia.edu/PeterZeillinger?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3469147/9952988/11098670/s65_peter.zeillinger.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37285183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37285183"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37285183, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37285183", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37285183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37285183; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37285183"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37285183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37285183"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37285183; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37285183]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37285183").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37285183").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37285183"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1696" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory">Political Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1696" type="text/json">{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3354" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poststructuralism">Poststructuralism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3354" type="text/json">{"id":3354,"name":"Poststructuralism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poststructuralism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6528" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies">Biblical Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6528" type="text/json">{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37285183]'), work: {"id":37285183,"title":"Repräsentation einer Leerstelle, oder: Auszug ins Reale. Zur politischen Bedeutung des biblischen Exodus, der historisch nicht stattgefunden hat","created_at":"2018-08-24T04:36:53.693-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37285183/Repr%C3%A4sentation_einer_Leerstelle_oder_Auszug_ins_Reale_Zur_politischen_Bedeutung_des_biblischen_Exodus_der_historisch_nicht_stattgefunden_hat?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_37285183","summary":"The article reads the invention of the Exodus-Narrative in its historical context of the religious and political system of the Ancient Near East. It reconstructs the revolutionary different approach to political power and theological foundation in the development of the Mose- and Exodus-Narrative and its innerbiblical Fortschreibung. For this development it is most decisive that the Exodus-Narrative is not based on a historical migration-movement \"from point A to point B\", but on a historical confrontation with the political powers at that time. The foundation of a strict monotheistic understanding of theology and the invention of “textual authority” that diverged from the status of scripture in the Ancient Near East and which can be reconstructed through the structure of the Exodus-Narrative and its canonical form as the Tora of Mose, has laid the foundation for the identity of Israel and the basis for the three Monotheistic Religions. The article's argument is strictly developed in correspondence with contemporary exegetical and historical research (esp. E. Otto and Chr. Dohmen) and is brought together with contemporary accounts to political thought from poststructuralist and deconstructive philosophers like Derrida, Levinas, Badiou and Agamben. The outcome of this study is articulated as a contribution to an affirmative reading of the so-called »crisis of representation«.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58202769,"asset_id":37285183,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3469147,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Zeillinger","domain_name":"univie","page_name":"PeterZeillinger","display_name":"Peter A . Zeillinger","profile_url":"https://univie.academia.edu/PeterZeillinger?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3469147/9952988/11098670/s65_peter.zeillinger.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3354,"name":"Poststructuralism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poststructuralism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":8411,"name":"Émmanuel Lévinas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C3%89mmanuel_L%C3%A9vinas?f_ri=3661"},{"id":10946,"name":"Biblical Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Theology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":12040,"name":"Jacques Derrida","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jacques_Derrida?f_ri=3661"},{"id":14104,"name":"Political Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":16209,"name":"Alain Badiou","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alain_Badiou?f_ri=3661"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=3661"},{"id":25833,"name":"Deuteronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deuteronomy?f_ri=3661"},{"id":28771,"name":"Contemporary Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Political_Philosophy?f_ri=3661"},{"id":46519,"name":"Future","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future?f_ri=3661"},{"id":46618,"name":"Exodus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exodus?f_ri=3661"},{"id":49335,"name":"Textuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Textuality?f_ri=3661"},{"id":50118,"name":"Representation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representation?f_ri=3661"},{"id":81822,"name":"Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolution?f_ri=3661"},{"id":164587,"name":"Moses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moses?f_ri=3661"},{"id":199302,"name":"Book of Exodus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Exodus?f_ri=3661"},{"id":347292,"name":"State sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44503635" data-work_id="44503635" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44503635/Sovereignty_as_Responsibility_at_the_International_Criminal_Court_The_Frontiers_of_International_Judicial_Intervention_doctoral_dissertation_thesis_Faculty_of_Social_Sciences_Series_University_of_Helsinki_Helsinki_Unigrafia_2020_">Sovereignty as Responsibility at the International Criminal Court. The “Frontiers” of International Judicial Intervention (doctoral dissertation thesis), Faculty of Social Sciences Series University of Helsinki (Helsinki: Unigrafia, 2020)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This doctoral dissertation investigates the development of the norm of sovereignty as responsibility by focusing on its institutionalization in the framework of the International Criminal Court (ICC). Prominent observers have regarded the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44503635" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This doctoral dissertation investigates the development of the norm of sovereignty as responsibility by focusing on its institutionalization in the framework of the International Criminal Court (ICC). Prominent observers have regarded the emergence of a new norm of sovereignty as responsibility as one of the most significant normative shifts in international society since the aftermath of World War II. Against this backdrop, accounts have proliferated situating the ICC at the cutting edge of normative change. The present study critically engages with the whole set of theoretical foundations underlying this view, including the conventional constructivist understanding of norm development upon which the latter is premised. This, on the one hand, emphasizes the importance of norm institutionalization within “tangible” sets of rules or organizations. On the other, it understands institutionalization itself as a moment of clarity and stabilization, thus largely reducing it to an end-point of the norm emergence process. In other words, norm institutionalization is confined to a positivist view in which institutions fall back to the role of neutral fora. The result is a linear, static, and largely depoliticized account of norm content, which, while yielding to the traditional lack of communication between normative and empirical studies, ends up reiterating a dichotomic and simplistic view in which norms are scripts of emancipation, and power a practice of domination. The dissertation aims to unravel this dilemma altogether by offering a step forward in the development of a post-positivist constructivist approach. In other words, it takes a genuinely trans-disciplinary perspective and delves into the configuration of normativity as part of institutional practice, paying special attention to how the relative power of relevant actors reconstitutes norms during norm negotiation and implementation. Hence, the study  unfolds from an unusual location – at the intersection between normative international theory and the politics of international criminal law; and from there, it seeks to revive discussions about the power-laden nature of the normative fabric of international society, its own dis-symmetries, and its outright hierarchies. To this end, the dissertation asks two major sequential questions: how the overarching system negotiated by states at the Rome Conference affects the selection of situations and cases before the ICC and their outcomes; and how the selection of situations and cases and their outcomes, in turn, “feeds back” to the norm of sovereignty institutionalized through the Court’s practice. The resulting analysis shows the following. While the Rome Statute reflects the persistence of the state as the primary site of political authority and coercion, it also cuts against the normative aspirations of sovereignty as responsibility by leaving the Court specifically ill-equipped to break with a notorious pattern of hyper-protected sovereignty. Outstanding issues such as the ICC’s selectivity and African bias, as well as the Court’s future prospects, are then reconsidered under this light. Those findings are then discussed in the final part of the study. Focusing on questions of delegation to international institutions, this ends with a note of caution. It concludes that the prospects of sovereignty as responsibility, as well as the broader discussion about cosmopolitan governance, lie more with the re-politicization of the debate than a straightforward invocation of greater forms of supranationalism.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44503635" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="afd70cbc42509264f8d4de635ca6f980" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64940812,"asset_id":44503635,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64940812/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="506741" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/EmanuelaPiccolo">Emanuela Piccolo Koskimies, PhD</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="506741" type="text/json">{"id":506741,"first_name":"Emanuela","last_name":"Piccolo Koskimies, PhD","domain_name":"helsinki","page_name":"EmanuelaPiccolo","display_name":"Emanuela Piccolo Koskimies, PhD","profile_url":"https://helsinki.academia.edu/EmanuelaPiccolo?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/506741/175605/57116263/s65_emanuela.piccolo_koskimies_phd.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44503635 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44503635"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44503635, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44503635", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44503635 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44503635; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44503635"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44503635 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44503635"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44503635; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44503635]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44503635").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44503635").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44503635"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postcolonial_Studies">Postcolonial Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2860" type="text/json">{"id":2860,"name":"Postcolonial Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postcolonial_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3660" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance">Global Governance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3660" type="text/json">{"id":3660,"name":"Global Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Governance?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44503635]'), work: {"id":44503635,"title":"Sovereignty as Responsibility at the International Criminal Court. The “Frontiers” of International Judicial Intervention (doctoral dissertation thesis), Faculty of Social Sciences Series University of Helsinki (Helsinki: Unigrafia, 2020)","created_at":"2020-11-15T03:51:33.066-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44503635/Sovereignty_as_Responsibility_at_the_International_Criminal_Court_The_Frontiers_of_International_Judicial_Intervention_doctoral_dissertation_thesis_Faculty_of_Social_Sciences_Series_University_of_Helsinki_Helsinki_Unigrafia_2020_?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_44503635","summary":"This doctoral dissertation investigates the development of the norm of sovereignty as responsibility by focusing on its institutionalization in the framework of the International Criminal Court (ICC). Prominent observers have regarded the emergence of a new norm of sovereignty as responsibility as one of the most significant normative shifts in international society since the aftermath of World War II. Against this backdrop, accounts have proliferated situating the ICC at the cutting edge of normative change. The present study critically engages with the whole set of theoretical foundations underlying this view, including the conventional constructivist understanding of norm development upon which the latter is premised. This, on the one hand, emphasizes the importance of norm institutionalization within “tangible” sets of rules or organizations. On the other, it understands institutionalization itself as a moment of clarity and stabilization, thus largely reducing it to an end-point of the norm emergence process. In other words, norm institutionalization is confined to a positivist view in which institutions fall back to the role of neutral fora. The result is a linear, static, and largely depoliticized account of norm content, which, while yielding to the traditional lack of communication between normative and empirical studies, ends up reiterating a dichotomic and simplistic view in which norms are scripts of emancipation, and power a practice of domination. The dissertation aims to unravel this dilemma altogether by offering a step forward in the development of a post-positivist constructivist approach. In other words, it takes a genuinely trans-disciplinary perspective and delves into the configuration of normativity as part of institutional practice, paying special attention to how the relative power of relevant actors reconstitutes norms during norm negotiation and implementation. Hence, the study unfolds from an unusual location – at the intersection between normative international theory and the politics of international criminal law; and from there, it seeks to revive discussions about the power-laden nature of the normative fabric of international society, its own dis-symmetries, and its outright hierarchies. To this end, the dissertation asks two major sequential questions: how the overarching system negotiated by states at the Rome Conference affects the selection of situations and cases before the ICC and their outcomes; and how the selection of situations and cases and their outcomes, in turn, “feeds back” to the norm of sovereignty institutionalized through the Court’s practice. The resulting analysis shows the following. While the Rome Statute reflects the persistence of the state as the primary site of political authority and coercion, it also cuts against the normative aspirations of sovereignty as responsibility by leaving the Court specifically ill-equipped to break with a notorious pattern of hyper-protected sovereignty. Outstanding issues such as the ICC’s selectivity and African bias, as well as the Court’s future prospects, are then reconsidered under this light. Those findings are then discussed in the final part of the study. Focusing on questions of delegation to international institutions, this ends with a note of caution. 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class="summarized">“Power is war, the continuation of war by other means”: Foucault’s reversal of Clausewitz’s formula has become a staple of critical theory — but it remains highly problematic on a conceptual level. Elaborated during Foucault’s 1976... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11958275" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">“Power is war, the continuation of war by other means”: Foucault’s reversal of Clausewitz’s formula has become a staple of critical theory — but it remains highly problematic on a conceptual level. Elaborated during Foucault’s 1976 lectures (“Society Must Be Defended”), this work-hypothesis theorises “basic warfare” [la guerre fondamentale] as the teleological horizon of socio-political relations. Following Boulainvilliers, Foucault champions this polemological approach, conceived as a purely descriptive discourse on “real” politics and war, against the philosophico-juridical conceptuality attached to liberal society (Hobbes’s Leviathan being here the prime example). <br />However, in doing so, Foucault did not interrogate the conceptual validity of notions such as power and war, therefore interlinking them without questioning their ontological status. This problematic conflation was partly rectified in 1982, as Foucault proposed a more dynamic definition of power relations: “actions over potential actions”. <br />I argue, somewhat polemically, that Foucault’s hermeneutics of power still involves a teleological violence, dependent on a polemological representation of human relations as essentially instrumental: this resembles what Derrida names, in “Heidegger’s Ear”, an “anthropolemology”. However, I show that all conceptualisation of power implies its self-deconstruction. This self-deconstructive (or autoimmune) structure supposes an archi-originary unpower prior to power: power presupposes an excess within power, an excessive force, another violence making it both possible and impossible. There is something within power located “beyond the power principle” (Derrida). This (self-)excess signifies a limitless resistantiality co-extensive with power-relationality. It also allows the reversal of pólemos into its opposite, as unpower opens politics and warfare to the messianic call of a pre-political, pre-ontological disruption: the archi-originary force of différance. This force, unconditional, challenges Foucault’s conceptualisations of power, suggesting an originary performativity located before or beyond hermeneutics of power-knowledge, disrupting theoreticity as well as empiricity by pointing to their ontological complicity.<br />The bulk of this essay is dedicated to sketching the theoretical implications of this deconstructive reading of Foucault with respect to the methodology and conceptuality of political science and social theory.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11958275" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0492e036b830968b88732870c5dad9bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63286010,"asset_id":11958275,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63286010/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2357791" href="https://uai.academia.edu/T_C_Mercier">Thomas Clément MERCIER</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2357791" type="text/json">{"id":2357791,"first_name":"Thomas Clément","last_name":"MERCIER","domain_name":"uai","page_name":"T_C_Mercier","display_name":"Thomas Clément MERCIER","profile_url":"https://uai.academia.edu/T_C_Mercier?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2357791/743316/55133078/s65_thomas_cl_ment.mercier.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11958275 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11958275"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11958275, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11958275", }); 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Elaborated during Foucault’s 1976 lectures (“Society Must Be Defended”), this work-hypothesis theorises “basic warfare” [la guerre fondamentale] as the teleological horizon of socio-political relations. Following Boulainvilliers, Foucault champions this polemological approach, conceived as a purely descriptive discourse on “real” politics and war, against the philosophico-juridical conceptuality attached to liberal society (Hobbes’s Leviathan being here the prime example). \nHowever, in doing so, Foucault did not interrogate the conceptual validity of notions such as power and war, therefore interlinking them without questioning their ontological status. This problematic conflation was partly rectified in 1982, as Foucault proposed a more dynamic definition of power relations: “actions over potential actions”. \nI argue, somewhat polemically, that Foucault’s hermeneutics of power still involves a teleological violence, dependent on a polemological representation of human relations as essentially instrumental: this resembles what Derrida names, in “Heidegger’s Ear”, an “anthropolemology”. However, I show that all conceptualisation of power implies its self-deconstruction. This self-deconstructive (or autoimmune) structure supposes an archi-originary unpower prior to power: power presupposes an excess within power, an excessive force, another violence making it both possible and impossible. There is something within power located “beyond the power principle” (Derrida). This (self-)excess signifies a limitless resistantiality co-extensive with power-relationality. It also allows the reversal of pólemos into its opposite, as unpower opens politics and warfare to the messianic call of a pre-political, pre-ontological disruption: the archi-originary force of différance. This force, unconditional, challenges Foucault’s conceptualisations of power, suggesting an originary performativity located before or beyond hermeneutics of power-knowledge, disrupting theoreticity as well as empiricity by pointing to their ontological complicity.\nThe bulk of this essay is dedicated to sketching the theoretical implications of this deconstructive reading of Foucault with respect to the methodology and conceptuality of political science and social theory.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63286010,"asset_id":11958275,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2357791,"first_name":"Thomas Clément","last_name":"MERCIER","domain_name":"uai","page_name":"T_C_Mercier","display_name":"Thomas Clément MERCIER","profile_url":"https://uai.academia.edu/T_C_Mercier?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2357791/743316/55133078/s65_thomas_cl_ment.mercier.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8,"name":"Critical 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Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence_and_Power?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1745337,"name":"Derrida Hauntology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derrida_Hauntology?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1150127" data-work_id="1150127" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1150127/Cyberspace_and_the_State_Toward_a_Strategy_for_Cyber_Power">Cyberspace and the State: Toward a Strategy for Cyber-Power</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"The so-called cyber-threat commands the attention of multinational corporations, governments and the strategic community, keen as they are to harness the power of digital communications yet anxious to protect their interests. Attacks... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1150127" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"The so-called cyber-threat commands the attention of multinational corporations, governments and the strategic community, keen as they are to harness the power of digital communications yet anxious to protect their interests. Attacks such as those which disrupted on-line banking in Estonia and defaced government websites in Georgia, as well as the infamous Stuxnet worm that temporarily shut down Iran’s nuclear programme, are vivid examples of what may be possible within this new strategic domain. But are our networked societies really vulnerable, as some have suggested, to a knock-out blow, perpetrated by state-sponsored hackers or terrorists? And what can be done to defend the state from this and from the encroachment of external networks that transcend its borders and breach its laws? <br /> <br />This Adelphi tackles the range of issues raised by our dependence on digital networks. It considers how instantaneous, global communications are challenging national and social orders and what shape those challenges may take as the net is cast ever wider. Comparing the transformations of the Information Age with those of previous generations, when new technologies and emerging transnational threats spread panic in political and strategic circles, the authors examine the real implications for states and statehood."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1150127" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="03517bdd3beb5015efa71651c3df93e4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31280417,"asset_id":1150127,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31280417/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="409774" href="https://kcl.academia.edu/TimStevens">Tim Stevens</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="409774" type="text/json">{"id":409774,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Stevens","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"TimStevens","display_name":"Tim Stevens","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/TimStevens?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/409774/360375/6249293/s65_tim.stevens.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1150127 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1150127"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1150127, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1150127", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1150127 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1150127; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1150127"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1150127 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1150127"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1150127; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1150127]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1150127").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1150127").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1150127"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="579" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy_Military_Science_">Strategy (Military Science)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="579" type="text/json">{"id":579,"name":"Strategy (Military Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy_Military_Science_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="797" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations">International Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="797" type="text/json">{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2825" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_social_">Power (social)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2825" type="text/json">{"id":2825,"name":"Power (social)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_social_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1150127]'), work: {"id":1150127,"title":"Cyberspace and the State: Toward a Strategy for Cyber-Power","created_at":"2011-12-11T16:24:04.007-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1150127/Cyberspace_and_the_State_Toward_a_Strategy_for_Cyber_Power?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_1150127","summary":"\"The so-called cyber-threat commands the attention of multinational corporations, governments and the strategic community, keen as they are to harness the power of digital communications yet anxious to protect their interests. Attacks such as those which disrupted on-line banking in Estonia and defaced government websites in Georgia, as well as the infamous Stuxnet worm that temporarily shut down Iran’s nuclear programme, are vivid examples of what may be possible within this new strategic domain. But are our networked societies really vulnerable, as some have suggested, to a knock-out blow, perpetrated by state-sponsored hackers or terrorists? And what can be done to defend the state from this and from the encroachment of external networks that transcend its borders and breach its laws? \r\n\r\nThis Adelphi tackles the range of issues raised by our dependence on digital networks. It considers how instantaneous, global communications are challenging national and social orders and what shape those challenges may take as the net is cast ever wider. Comparing the transformations of the Information Age with those of previous generations, when new technologies and emerging transnational threats spread panic in political and strategic circles, the authors examine the real implications for states and statehood.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31280417,"asset_id":1150127,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":409774,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Stevens","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"TimStevens","display_name":"Tim Stevens","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/TimStevens?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/409774/360375/6249293/s65_tim.stevens.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":579,"name":"Strategy (Military Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy_Military_Science_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":2825,"name":"Power (social)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_social_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3872,"name":"War Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/War_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3873,"name":"Strategic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":30945,"name":"Cyberspace","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberspace?f_ri=3661"},{"id":220464,"name":"Politics and International relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics_and_International_relations?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43786860 coauthored" data-work_id="43786860" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43786860/THE_THEORY_OF_ENCRYPTION_OF_POWER_Itinerary_of_an_idea">THE THEORY OF ENCRYPTION OF POWER: Itinerary of an idea</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Allow us to test a first and still very abstract and ad-hoc hypothesis of the what the encryption of power means. It is the imposition of institutional simulations of difference that condition, neutralize or prohibit political agency,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43786860" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Allow us to test a first and still very abstract and ad-hoc hypothesis of the what the<br />encryption of power means. It is the imposition of institutional simulations of difference that condition,<br />neutralize or prohibit political agency, reducing difference to static and solid models of identity that pose as the only<br />form of power. As any abstraction this one may be difficult to grasp, but it contains many of the<br />building blocks of a definition.<br />We could choose another set of words and yet another angle: to encrypt (power) is to<br />simulate power (democratic, constituent) and to prohibit or condition being while collapsing<br />political agency (constituent power, resistance) into fixed, final, transcendent and solid structures<br />(constituted power, law).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43786860" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6623aeb55ae4293de512c4a858f32bf2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64102223,"asset_id":43786860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64102223/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29321166" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RicardoSan%C3%ADnRestrepo">Ricardo Sanín-Restrepo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29321166" type="text/json">{"id":29321166,"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Sanín-Restrepo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RicardoSanínRestrepo","display_name":"Ricardo Sanín-Restrepo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RicardoSan%C3%ADnRestrepo?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29321166/8385505/162100562/s65_ricardo.san_n-restrepo.jpeg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-43786860">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-43786860"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarinellaAraujo">Marinella Araujo</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-43786860'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-43786860').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43786860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43786860"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43786860, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43786860", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43786860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43786860; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43786860"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43786860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43786860"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43786860; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43786860]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43786860").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43786860").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43786860"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5748" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_System">Power System</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5748" type="text/json">{"id":5748,"name":"Power System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_System?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6556" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism">Colonialism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6556" type="text/json">{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8330" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_Benjamin">Walter Benjamin</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8330" type="text/json">{"id":8330,"name":"Walter Benjamin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_Benjamin?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43786860]'), work: {"id":43786860,"title":"THE THEORY OF ENCRYPTION OF POWER: Itinerary of an idea","created_at":"2020-08-05T03:27:07.875-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43786860/THE_THEORY_OF_ENCRYPTION_OF_POWER_Itinerary_of_an_idea?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_43786860","summary":"Allow us to test a first and still very abstract and ad-hoc hypothesis of the what the\nencryption of power means. It is the imposition of institutional simulations of difference that condition,\nneutralize or prohibit political agency, reducing difference to static and solid models of identity that pose as the only\nform of power. As any abstraction this one may be difficult to grasp, but it contains many of the\nbuilding blocks of a definition.\nWe could choose another set of words and yet another angle: to encrypt (power) is to\nsimulate power (democratic, constituent) and to prohibit or condition being while collapsing\npolitical agency (constituent power, resistance) into fixed, final, transcendent and solid structures\n(constituted power, law).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64102223,"asset_id":43786860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29321166,"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Sanín-Restrepo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RicardoSanínRestrepo","display_name":"Ricardo Sanín-Restrepo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RicardoSan%C3%ADnRestrepo?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29321166/8385505/162100562/s65_ricardo.san_n-restrepo.jpeg"},{"id":166323445,"first_name":"Marinella","last_name":"Araujo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MarinellaAraujo","display_name":"Marinella Araujo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MarinellaAraujo?f_ri=3661","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":5748,"name":"Power System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_System?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":8330,"name":"Walter Benjamin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_Benjamin?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":10492,"name":"Thomas Hobbes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thomas_Hobbes?f_ri=3661"},{"id":52222,"name":"Constituent Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constituent_Power?f_ri=3661"},{"id":134693,"name":"Refugees and Forced Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refugees_and_Forced_Migration_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2512501,"name":"The Hidden People","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Hidden_People?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3050660,"name":"Theory of Encryption of Power (TEP)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_Encryption_of_Power_TEP_?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42848124" data-work_id="42848124" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42848124/Italexit_Trasformazione_del_vincolo_europeo_e_sovranit%C3%A0_condizionata">Italexit. Trasformazione del vincolo europeo e sovranità condizionata</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Italexit. The transformation of the European constraint and the conditioned sovereignty-The Maastricht Treaty has Europeanized the German economic constitution, making the sovereignty of the Member States conditional on the dogma of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42848124" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Italexit. The transformation of the European constraint and the conditioned sovereignty-The Maastricht Treaty has Europeanized the German economic constitution, making the sovereignty of the Member States conditional on the dogma of competitive austerity. The legitimacy of the European trade state is, however, weakened by the remerging of protectionism of which Trumpism and Brexit are exemplary manifestations. This essay, after analysing the Italexit hypothesis in both the European and constitutional legal system, stresses the need to find a new form of reconciliation between the values of supranational integration and of social-democratic constitutionalism.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42848124" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fe435b6e11d48520f7f2e9e5d2b65bfd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63084282,"asset_id":42848124,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63084282/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3503432" href="https://uniurb.academia.edu/FedericoLosurdo">Federico Losurdo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3503432" type="text/json">{"id":3503432,"first_name":"Federico","last_name":"Losurdo","domain_name":"uniurb","page_name":"FedericoLosurdo","display_name":"Federico Losurdo","profile_url":"https://uniurb.academia.edu/FedericoLosurdo?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3503432/3311080/3896436/s65_federico.losurdo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42848124 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42848124"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42848124, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42848124", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42848124]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42848124").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42848124").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42848124"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1218" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration">European integration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1218" type="text/json">{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1425002" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brexit">Brexit</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1425002" type="text/json">{"id":1425002,"name":"Brexit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brexit?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3141152" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/italexit">italexit</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3141152" type="text/json">{"id":3141152,"name":"italexit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/italexit?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42848124]'), work: {"id":42848124,"title":"Italexit. Trasformazione del vincolo europeo e sovranità condizionata","created_at":"2020-04-25T01:40:05.303-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42848124/Italexit_Trasformazione_del_vincolo_europeo_e_sovranit%C3%A0_condizionata?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_42848124","summary":"Italexit. The transformation of the European constraint and the conditioned sovereignty-The Maastricht Treaty has Europeanized the German economic constitution, making the sovereignty of the Member States conditional on the dogma of competitive austerity. The legitimacy of the European trade state is, however, weakened by the remerging of protectionism of which Trumpism and Brexit are exemplary manifestations. This essay, after analysing the Italexit hypothesis in both the European and constitutional legal system, stresses the need to find a new form of reconciliation between the values of supranational integration and of social-democratic constitutionalism.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63084282,"asset_id":42848124,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3503432,"first_name":"Federico","last_name":"Losurdo","domain_name":"uniurb","page_name":"FedericoLosurdo","display_name":"Federico Losurdo","profile_url":"https://uniurb.academia.edu/FedericoLosurdo?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3503432/3311080/3896436/s65_federico.losurdo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":1425002,"name":"Brexit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brexit?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3141152,"name":"italexit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/italexit?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78558361" data-work_id="78558361" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78558361/Sexuate_Difference_Sovereignty_and_Colonialism_Reading_Luce_Irigaray_with_Irene_Watson">Sexuate Difference, Sovereignty and Colonialism: Reading Luce Irigaray with Irene Watson</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78558361" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cdac0bb2820eb3556fce81fe333d2242" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85565346,"asset_id":78558361,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85565346/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="654778" href="https://flinders.academia.edu/lauraroberts">laura roberts</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="654778" type="text/json">{"id":654778,"first_name":"laura","last_name":"roberts","domain_name":"flinders","page_name":"lauraroberts","display_name":"laura roberts","profile_url":"https://flinders.academia.edu/lauraroberts?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/654778/227028/265601/s65_laura.roberts.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78558361 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78558361"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78558361, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78558361", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=78558361]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_78558361").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_78558361").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="78558361"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7265" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Luce_Irigaray">Luce Irigaray</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7265" type="text/json">{"id":7265,"name":"Luce Irigaray","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Luce_Irigaray?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57344" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_difference_theory">Sexual difference theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57344" type="text/json">{"id":57344,"name":"Sexual difference theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_difference_theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="626410" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernity_coloniality_decoloniality">Modernity/coloniality/decoloniality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="626410" type="text/json">{"id":626410,"name":"Modernity/coloniality/decoloniality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernity_coloniality_decoloniality?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=78558361]'), work: {"id":78558361,"title":"Sexuate Difference, Sovereignty and Colonialism: Reading Luce Irigaray with Irene Watson","created_at":"2022-05-05T18:58:42.426-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/78558361/Sexuate_Difference_Sovereignty_and_Colonialism_Reading_Luce_Irigaray_with_Irene_Watson?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_78558361","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85565346,"asset_id":78558361,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":654778,"first_name":"laura","last_name":"roberts","domain_name":"flinders","page_name":"lauraroberts","display_name":"laura roberts","profile_url":"https://flinders.academia.edu/lauraroberts?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/654778/227028/265601/s65_laura.roberts.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":7265,"name":"Luce Irigaray","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Luce_Irigaray?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":57344,"name":"Sexual difference theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_difference_theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":626410,"name":"Modernity/coloniality/decoloniality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernity_coloniality_decoloniality?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45588705" data-work_id="45588705" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45588705/Data_Sovereignty_of_Whom_Limits_and_Suitability_of_Sovereignty_Frameworks_for_Data_in_India">Data Sovereignty, of Whom? Limits and Suitability of Sovereignty Frameworks for Data in India</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The concept of sovereignty has come to frame a number of data governance proposals by the Indian government. To understand the scope, import and consequences of these reassertions of sovereignty, it is, however, important to unpack the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45588705" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The concept of sovereignty has come to frame a number of data governance proposals by the Indian government. To understand the scope, import and consequences of these reassertions of sovereignty, it is, however, important to unpack the nature of the claims that have been put forward. In particular, to what extent do these promote the exercise of autonomy and choice by the Indian people? In order to benefit the people of India, assertions of sovereignty in the face of data colonialism will need to take into account that data is not merely a resource “out there”, but increasingly functions as an extension of our bodies. As this analysis will show, current conceptualisations of data sovereignty fail to do so; for now, they therefore merely entail a transfer of power to domestic elites while doing little to return sovereignty to the people of India.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45588705" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1b40ec941ec890ac23c0a486e8ade901" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66067991,"asset_id":45588705,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66067991/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27783231" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnjaKovacs">Anja Kovacs</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27783231" type="text/json">{"id":27783231,"first_name":"Anja","last_name":"Kovacs","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnjaKovacs","display_name":"Anja Kovacs","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnjaKovacs?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27783231/19768124/19611212/s65_anja.kovacs.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45588705 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45588705"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45588705, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45588705", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45588705]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45588705").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45588705").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45588705"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2009" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining">Data Mining</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2009" type="text/json">{"id":2009,"name":"Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20794" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism">Cyberfeminism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20794" type="text/json">{"id":20794,"name":"Cyberfeminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27982" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty">Theories of Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27982" type="text/json">{"id":27982,"name":"Theories of Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45588705]'), work: {"id":45588705,"title":"Data Sovereignty, of Whom? Limits and Suitability of Sovereignty Frameworks for Data in India","created_at":"2021-03-20T23:04:24.950-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45588705/Data_Sovereignty_of_Whom_Limits_and_Suitability_of_Sovereignty_Frameworks_for_Data_in_India?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_45588705","summary":"The concept of sovereignty has come to frame a number of data governance proposals by the Indian government. To understand the scope, import and consequences of these reassertions of sovereignty, it is, however, important to unpack the nature of the claims that have been put forward. In particular, to what extent do these promote the exercise of autonomy and choice by the Indian people? In order to benefit the people of India, assertions of sovereignty in the face of data colonialism will need to take into account that data is not merely a resource “out there”, but increasingly functions as an extension of our bodies. As this analysis will show, current conceptualisations of data sovereignty fail to do so; for now, they therefore merely entail a transfer of power to domestic elites while doing little to return sovereignty to the people of India.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66067991,"asset_id":45588705,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27783231,"first_name":"Anja","last_name":"Kovacs","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnjaKovacs","display_name":"Anja Kovacs","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnjaKovacs?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27783231/19768124/19611212/s65_anja.kovacs.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2009,"name":"Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":20794,"name":"Cyberfeminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":27982,"name":"Theories of Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":113058,"name":"Data Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Governance?f_ri=3661"},{"id":126300,"name":"Big Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_Data?f_ri=3661"},{"id":302685,"name":"Cyberfeminism, Corporeality, Embodiment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism_Corporeality_Embodiment?f_ri=3661"},{"id":347292,"name":"State sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":993926,"name":"Human Rights and Social Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights_and_Social_Justice-1?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2790161,"name":"Data Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Colonialism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3076225,"name":"Data sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3618397,"name":"data feminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/data_feminism?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39723865" data-work_id="39723865" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39723865/Visual_Narratives_of_Troubled_Times_Mizoram_India_between_1966_and_1986_2019_">Visual Narratives of Troubled Times - Mizoram (India) between 1966 and 1986 (2019)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">in: <br />Lalhlimpuii Pachuau and Rosie Vanlalruati Ralte (eds.), Revisiting Rambuai (Guwahati/Aizawl: LBS Publications/Government Aizawl College, 2019), 242-272.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39723865" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d0f6efa4999741cd3e066216924e8fa" rel="nofollow" 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window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39723865"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39723865 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39723865"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39723865; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39723865]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39723865").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { 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type="text/json">{"id":1589,"name":"Photography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photography?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography">Historiography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3524" type="text/json">{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39723865]'), work: {"id":39723865,"title":"Visual Narratives of Troubled Times - Mizoram 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href="https://www.academia.edu/42711642/Data_Sovereignty_of_Whom_Limits_and_Suitability_of_Sovereignty_Frameworks_for_Data_in_India">Data Sovereignty, of Whom? Limits and Suitability of Sovereignty Frameworks for Data in India</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Sovereignty is seeing renewed relevance in the age of data in India as it has become the framework of choice in a number of data governance proposals by the Indian government. To understand the scope, import and consequences of these... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42711642" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sovereignty is seeing renewed relevance in the age of data in India as it has become the framework of choice in a number of data governance proposals by the Indian government. To understand the scope, import and consequences of these reassertions of sovereignty, however, it is important to unpack the nature of these claims as they have been put forward. In particular, to what extent does this type of sovereignty allow for the exercise of autonomy and choice of the Indian people? This paper will demonstrate that such assessments crucially depend on how we construct the nature of data. In most dominant discourses, data is described as a resource of some sort. However, in practice the line between our physical bodies and our virtual bodies is increasingly becoming irrelevant: data, then, emerges not so much as a resource that is simply out there, but as an extension of our bodies. In order to benefit the people of India, assertions of sovereignty in the face of data colonialism will need to take these shifting realities regarding the nature of data into account. Through an assessment of policy proposals relating to sovereignty in the realm of data and new technologies, we seek to examine to what extent policy in India does indeed recognise these new realities, and what the value of these new assertions of sovereignty for the people of India consequently is.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42711642" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="700e2795cdf38f7b863a9dc364e5c519" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62925560,"asset_id":42711642,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62925560/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27783231" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnjaKovacs">Anja Kovacs</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27783231" type="text/json">{"id":27783231,"first_name":"Anja","last_name":"Kovacs","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnjaKovacs","display_name":"Anja Kovacs","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnjaKovacs?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27783231/19768124/19611212/s65_anja.kovacs.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42711642 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42711642"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42711642, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42711642", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711642]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42711642").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42711642").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42711642"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2009" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining">Data Mining</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2009" type="text/json">{"id":2009,"name":"Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20794" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism">Cyberfeminism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20794" type="text/json">{"id":20794,"name":"Cyberfeminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27982" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty">Theories of Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27982" type="text/json">{"id":27982,"name":"Theories of Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42711642]'), work: {"id":42711642,"title":"Data Sovereignty, of Whom? Limits and Suitability of Sovereignty Frameworks for Data in India","created_at":"2020-04-12T05:35:17.257-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42711642/Data_Sovereignty_of_Whom_Limits_and_Suitability_of_Sovereignty_Frameworks_for_Data_in_India?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_42711642","summary":"Sovereignty is seeing renewed relevance in the age of data in India as it has become the framework of choice in a number of data governance proposals by the Indian government. To understand the scope, import and consequences of these reassertions of sovereignty, however, it is important to unpack the nature of these claims as they have been put forward. In particular, to what extent does this type of sovereignty allow for the exercise of autonomy and choice of the Indian people? This paper will demonstrate that such assessments crucially depend on how we construct the nature of data. In most dominant discourses, data is described as a resource of some sort. However, in practice the line between our physical bodies and our virtual bodies is increasingly becoming irrelevant: data, then, emerges not so much as a resource that is simply out there, but as an extension of our bodies. In order to benefit the people of India, assertions of sovereignty in the face of data colonialism will need to take these shifting realities regarding the nature of data into account. Through an assessment of policy proposals relating to sovereignty in the realm of data and new technologies, we seek to examine to what extent policy in India does indeed recognise these new realities, and what the value of these new assertions of sovereignty for the people of India consequently is.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62925560,"asset_id":42711642,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27783231,"first_name":"Anja","last_name":"Kovacs","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnjaKovacs","display_name":"Anja Kovacs","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnjaKovacs?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27783231/19768124/19611212/s65_anja.kovacs.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2009,"name":"Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Mining?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":20794,"name":"Cyberfeminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":27982,"name":"Theories of Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":113058,"name":"Data Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Governance?f_ri=3661"},{"id":126300,"name":"Big Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_Data?f_ri=3661"},{"id":302685,"name":"Cyberfeminism, Corporeality, Embodiment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyberfeminism_Corporeality_Embodiment?f_ri=3661"},{"id":347292,"name":"State sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":993926,"name":"Human Rights and Social Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights_and_Social_Justice-1?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2790161,"name":"Data Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Colonialism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3076225,"name":"Data sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3618397,"name":"data feminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/data_feminism?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_223404" data-work_id="223404" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/223404/Everything_Was_Forever_Until_It_Was_No_More_The_last_Soviet_generation">Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More: The last Soviet generation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Wayne Vucinic Book Prize 2007, "for the most important contribution to Russian, Eurasian, and East European studies in any discipline of the humanities or social sciences." Endorsement by Slavoj Zizek: "Alexei Yurchak's Everything... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_223404" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Wayne Vucinic Book Prize 2007, "for the most important contribution to Russian, Eurasian, and East European studies in any discipline of the humanities or social sciences."  <br /><br />Endorsement by Slavoj Zizek: <br /><br />"Alexei Yurchak's Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More immediately seduced me by its very title with a profound philosophical implication that eternity is a historical category--things can be eternal for some time. The same spirit of paradox runs through the entire book--it renders in wonderful details the gradual disintegration of the Soviet system from within its ideological and cultural space, making visible all the hypocrisy and misery of this process. I consider Yurchak's book by far the best work about the late epoch of the Soviet Union--it is not just history, but a pleasure to read, a true work of art." (Slavoj Zizek, author of In Defense of Lost Causes)<br /><br />Abstract:<br /><br />Soviet socialism was based on paradoxes that were revealed by the peculiar experience of its collapse. To the people who lived in that system the collapse seemed both completely unexpected and completely unsurprising. At the moment of collapse it suddenly became obvious that Soviet life had always seemed simultaneously eternal and stagnating, vigorous and ailing, bleak and full of promise. Although these characteristics may appear mutually exclusive, in fact they were mutually constitutive. This book explores the paradoxes of Soviet life during the period of "late socialism" (1960s-1980s) through the eyes of the last Soviet generation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/223404" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a79b03851f352e734b9f19338c2e83c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":112356480,"asset_id":223404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/112356480/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="149969" href="https://master-sciences-du-vegetal.academia.edu/NicoleMichel">Nicole Michel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="149969" type="text/json">{"id":149969,"first_name":"Nicole","last_name":"Michel","domain_name":"master-sciences-du-vegetal","page_name":"NicoleMichel","display_name":"Nicole Michel","profile_url":"https://master-sciences-du-vegetal.academia.edu/NicoleMichel?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149969/39594/162178447/s65_nicole.michel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_223404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="223404"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 223404, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_223404", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_223404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 223404; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_223404"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_223404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="223404"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 223404; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=223404]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_223404").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_223404").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="223404"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">156</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="94" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis">Discourse Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="94" type="text/json">{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics">Semiotics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98" type="text/json">{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="206" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Change">Social Change</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="206" type="text/json">{"id":206,"name":"Social Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Change?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=223404]'), work: {"id":223404,"title":"Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More: The last Soviet generation","created_at":"2010-03-25T11:08:17.330-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/223404/Everything_Was_Forever_Until_It_Was_No_More_The_last_Soviet_generation?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_223404","summary":"Wayne Vucinic Book Prize 2007, \"for the most important contribution to Russian, Eurasian, and East European studies in any discipline of the humanities or social sciences.\" \n\nEndorsement by Slavoj Zizek: \n\n\"Alexei Yurchak's Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More immediately seduced me by its very title with a profound philosophical implication that eternity is a historical category--things can be eternal for some time. The same spirit of paradox runs through the entire book--it renders in wonderful details the gradual disintegration of the Soviet system from within its ideological and cultural space, making visible all the hypocrisy and misery of this process. I consider Yurchak's book by far the best work about the late epoch of the Soviet Union--it is not just history, but a pleasure to read, a true work of art.\" (Slavoj Zizek, author of In Defense of Lost Causes)\n\nAbstract:\n\nSoviet socialism was based on paradoxes that were revealed by the peculiar experience of its collapse. To the people who lived in that system the collapse seemed both completely unexpected and completely unsurprising. At the moment of collapse it suddenly became obvious that Soviet life had always seemed simultaneously eternal and stagnating, vigorous and ailing, bleak and full of promise. Although these characteristics may appear mutually exclusive, in fact they were mutually constitutive. This book explores the paradoxes of Soviet life during the period of \"late socialism\" (1960s-1980s) through the eyes of the last Soviet generation.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":112356480,"asset_id":223404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":149969,"first_name":"Nicole","last_name":"Michel","domain_name":"master-sciences-du-vegetal","page_name":"NicoleMichel","display_name":"Nicole Michel","profile_url":"https://master-sciences-du-vegetal.academia.edu/NicoleMichel?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149969/39594/162178447/s65_nicole.michel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural 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u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40384580/Private_Military_and_Security_Companies_A_Theoretical_overview">Private Military and Security Companies A Theoretical overview</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article overviews the phenomenon of private military and security companies (PMSCs) through the prism of various theoretical concepts. The paper explores the heterogeneous nature of PMSCs, the reasons for their present-day increased... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40384580" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article overviews the phenomenon of private military and security companies (PMSCs) through the prism of various theoretical concepts. The paper explores the heterogeneous nature of PMSCs, the reasons for their present-day increased activity, and interaction with state and non-state participants in global processes. The phenomenon manifests itself amid the change in the attitude towards traditional forms of violence, which allows states to partly outsource their security and law-enforcement functions. At the same time, some countries maintain their monopoly on violence and are even expanding the arsenal of mechanisms for consolidating their geopolitical influence through PMSCs. The study shows that PMSCs' activities in "weak" countries may impair the inviolability of their statehood. The article also discusses the possibility of democratic control of PMSCs' activities. Keywords: non-state actors, private military and security companies (PMSCs), sovereignty, asymmetric conflicts, new types of war, privatization and outsourcing in the security field, democratic control, state monopoly on legitimate violence</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40384580" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="05784bb074976f61ceb17cd5ceb5ad40" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60634835,"asset_id":40384580,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60634835/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2603810" href="https://mgimo.academia.edu/MariaNebolsina">Maria Nebolsina</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2603810" type="text/json">{"id":2603810,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Nebolsina","domain_name":"mgimo","page_name":"MariaNebolsina","display_name":"Maria Nebolsina","profile_url":"https://mgimo.academia.edu/MariaNebolsina?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2603810/821408/15737178/s65_maria.nebolsina.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40384580 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40384580"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40384580, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40384580", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40384580]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40384580").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40384580").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40384580"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50182" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-state_actors">Non-state actors</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50182" type="text/json">{"id":50182,"name":"Non-state actors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-state_actors?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privatization_of_Security">Privatization of Security</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="132524" type="text/json">{"id":132524,"name":"Privatization of Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privatization_of_Security?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="138247" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asymmetric_Warfare">Asymmetric Warfare</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="138247" type="text/json">{"id":138247,"name":"Asymmetric Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asymmetric_Warfare?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40384580]'), work: {"id":40384580,"title":"Private Military and Security Companies A Theoretical overview","created_at":"2019-09-18T08:53:52.248-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40384580/Private_Military_and_Security_Companies_A_Theoretical_overview?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_40384580","summary":"This article overviews the phenomenon of private military and security companies (PMSCs) through the prism of various theoretical concepts. The paper explores the heterogeneous nature of PMSCs, the reasons for their present-day increased activity, and interaction with state and non-state participants in global processes. The phenomenon manifests itself amid the change in the attitude towards traditional forms of violence, which allows states to partly outsource their security and law-enforcement functions. At the same time, some countries maintain their monopoly on violence and are even expanding the arsenal of mechanisms for consolidating their geopolitical influence through PMSCs. The study shows that PMSCs' activities in \"weak\" countries may impair the inviolability of their statehood. The article also discusses the possibility of democratic control of PMSCs' activities. Keywords: non-state actors, private military and security companies (PMSCs), sovereignty, asymmetric conflicts, new types of war, privatization and outsourcing in the security field, democratic control, state monopoly on legitimate violence","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60634835,"asset_id":40384580,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2603810,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Nebolsina","domain_name":"mgimo","page_name":"MariaNebolsina","display_name":"Maria Nebolsina","profile_url":"https://mgimo.academia.edu/MariaNebolsina?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2603810/821408/15737178/s65_maria.nebolsina.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":50182,"name":"Non-state actors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non-state_actors?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":132524,"name":"Privatization of Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Privatization_of_Security?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":138247,"name":"Asymmetric Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asymmetric_Warfare?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":400153,"name":"Private Military and Security Companies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Private_Military_and_Security_Companies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":986996,"name":"Asymmetric Conflict","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asymmetric_Conflict?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2969026,"name":"Outsourcing and Privatization of State Functions in Security Sphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Outsourcing_and_Privatization_of_State_Functions_in_Security_Sphere?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3382449,"name":"state monopoly on legitimate violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/state_monopoly_on_legitimate_violence?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67402747" data-work_id="67402747" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67402747/The_energy_crises_revealed_by_COVID_Intersections_of_Indigeneity_inequity_and_health">The energy crises revealed by COVID: Intersections of Indigeneity, inequity, and health</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The global COVID-19 pandemic is a health crisis, an economic crisis, and a justice crisis. It also brings to light multiple ongoing, underlying social crises. The COVID-19 crisis is actively revealing crises of energy sovereignty in at... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67402747" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The global COVID-19 pandemic is a health crisis, an economic crisis, and a justice crisis. It also brings to light multiple ongoing, underlying social crises. The COVID-19 crisis is actively revealing crises of energy sovereignty in at least four ways. First, there are many whose access to basic health services is compromised because of the lack of energy services necessary to provide these services. Second, some people are more vulnerable to COVID-19 because of exposure to environmental pollution associated with energy production. Third, energy services are vital to human wellbeing, yet access to energy services is largely organized as a consumer good. The loss of stable income precipitated by COVID-19 may therefore mean that many lose reliable access to essential energy services. Fourth, the COVID-19 crisis has created a window of opportunity for corporate interests to engage in aggressive pursuit of energy agendas that perpetuate carbon intensive and corporate controlled energy s...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67402747" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40720458" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KristinArola">Kristin Arola</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40720458" type="text/json">{"id":40720458,"first_name":"Kristin","last_name":"Arola","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KristinArola","display_name":"Kristin Arola","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KristinArola?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40720458/18795799/18756115/s65_kristin.arola.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67402747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67402747"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67402747, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67402747", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67402747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67402747; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67402747"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67402747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67402747"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67402747; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67402747]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67402747").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67402747").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67402747"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences">Social Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1237" type="text/json">{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2707" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_policy">Environmental policy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2707" type="text/json">{"id":2707,"name":"Environmental policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_policy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2738" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy">Renewable Energy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2738" type="text/json">{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67402747]'), work: {"id":67402747,"title":"The energy crises revealed by COVID: Intersections of Indigeneity, inequity, and health","created_at":"2022-01-06T09:26:37.692-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67402747/The_energy_crises_revealed_by_COVID_Intersections_of_Indigeneity_inequity_and_health?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_67402747","summary":"The global COVID-19 pandemic is a health crisis, an economic crisis, and a justice crisis. It also brings to light multiple ongoing, underlying social crises. The COVID-19 crisis is actively revealing crises of energy sovereignty in at least four ways. First, there are many whose access to basic health services is compromised because of the lack of energy services necessary to provide these services. Second, some people are more vulnerable to COVID-19 because of exposure to environmental pollution associated with energy production. Third, energy services are vital to human wellbeing, yet access to energy services is largely organized as a consumer good. The loss of stable income precipitated by COVID-19 may therefore mean that many lose reliable access to essential energy services. Fourth, the COVID-19 crisis has created a window of opportunity for corporate interests to engage in aggressive pursuit of energy agendas that perpetuate carbon intensive and corporate controlled energy s...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40720458,"first_name":"Kristin","last_name":"Arola","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KristinArola","display_name":"Kristin Arola","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KristinArola?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40720458/18795799/18756115/s65_kristin.arola.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":2707,"name":"Environmental policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_policy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=3661"},{"id":5609,"name":"Energy Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Policy?f_ri=3661"},{"id":5792,"name":"Social Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":9251,"name":"Transitional Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transitional_Justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":9488,"name":"Restorative Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Restorative_Justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":9787,"name":"Environmental Policy and Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Policy_and_Governance?f_ri=3661"},{"id":10191,"name":"Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":14084,"name":"Energy and Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_and_Environment?f_ri=3661"},{"id":18590,"name":"Environmental Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=3661"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=3661"},{"id":408687,"name":"Law and Social Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Social_Justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":508988,"name":"Energy justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1197942,"name":"Social Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3587215,"name":"CoVid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CoVid?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62750202" data-work_id="62750202" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62750202/Francisca_van_Luxemburg_in_de_bres_voor_het_Prinsdom_Gavere_Soevereiniteitsconflict_in_Zottegem_1543_1561_">Francisca van Luxemburg in de bres voor het Prinsdom Gavere. Soevereiniteitsconflict in Zottegem (1543-1561)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In 1540, Emperor Charles V elevated the seigniory of Zottegem, together with the county of Gavere to a principality. The title then belonged to Francisca of Luxembourg-Fiennes, the mother of the famous count Lamoral d'Egmont. When a lady... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62750202" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In 1540, Emperor Charles V elevated the seigniory of Zottegem, together with the county of Gavere to a principality. The title then belonged to Francisca of Luxembourg-Fiennes, the mother of the famous count Lamoral d'Egmont.<br />When a lady of foreign birth dies in the new principality, the amman of Zottegem sequesters the property. This leads to a protest of the aldermen of the land of Aalst, who claim to be empowered to collect the goods of the deceased. After 3 warnings, they come to the principality and arrest the amman, seriously angering her ladyship. A 12 years long legal conflict follows, in which we can distinguish 3 dimensions. On the pure inter-human level, the amman, and after his premature death his widow, backed by her ladyship request reparation from the Aalst council. On the seigniorial level, her ladyship defends her ancestral privileges against the claims of the Aalst council. Most interesting though, is the third dimension, in which her ladyship claims full sovereignty over her domain, denying any rights, not only to those of Aalst, claiming to be her superior institution, but even to the emperor himself, who cannot have any claims on the same domain as her, "as there cannot be two lordships at the same time in the same place".<br />A hard time for the Emperor's judges, a genuine sovereignty conflict in the center of the principality!</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62750202" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1be0bea4afd2c4fc0f6c3ae4dbaf3643" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75420012,"asset_id":62750202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75420012/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26135188" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OlivierVanRode">Olivier Van Rode</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26135188" type="text/json">{"id":26135188,"first_name":"Olivier","last_name":"Van Rode","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OlivierVanRode","display_name":"Olivier Van Rode","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OlivierVanRode?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26135188/7181452/8086729/s65_olivier.van_rode.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62750202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62750202"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62750202, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62750202", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62750202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62750202; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62750202"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62750202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62750202"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62750202; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62750202]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62750202").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62750202").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62750202"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1198" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies">Peace and Conflict Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1198" type="text/json">{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10588" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/16th_Century_History_">16th Century (History)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10588" type="text/json">{"id":10588,"name":"16th Century (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/16th_Century_History_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62750202]'), work: {"id":62750202,"title":"Francisca van Luxemburg in de bres voor het Prinsdom Gavere. Soevereiniteitsconflict in Zottegem (1543-1561)","created_at":"2021-11-30T09:48:00.398-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62750202/Francisca_van_Luxemburg_in_de_bres_voor_het_Prinsdom_Gavere_Soevereiniteitsconflict_in_Zottegem_1543_1561_?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_62750202","summary":"In 1540, Emperor Charles V elevated the seigniory of Zottegem, together with the county of Gavere to a principality. The title then belonged to Francisca of Luxembourg-Fiennes, the mother of the famous count Lamoral d'Egmont.\nWhen a lady of foreign birth dies in the new principality, the amman of Zottegem sequesters the property. This leads to a protest of the aldermen of the land of Aalst, who claim to be empowered to collect the goods of the deceased. After 3 warnings, they come to the principality and arrest the amman, seriously angering her ladyship. A 12 years long legal conflict follows, in which we can distinguish 3 dimensions. On the pure inter-human level, the amman, and after his premature death his widow, backed by her ladyship request reparation from the Aalst council. On the seigniorial level, her ladyship defends her ancestral privileges against the claims of the Aalst council. Most interesting though, is the third dimension, in which her ladyship claims full sovereignty over her domain, denying any rights, not only to those of Aalst, claiming to be her superior institution, but even to the emperor himself, who cannot have any claims on the same domain as her, \"as there cannot be two lordships at the same time in the same place\".\nA hard time for the Emperor's judges, a genuine sovereignty conflict in the center of the principality!","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75420012,"asset_id":62750202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26135188,"first_name":"Olivier","last_name":"Van Rode","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OlivierVanRode","display_name":"Olivier Van Rode","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OlivierVanRode?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26135188/7181452/8086729/s65_olivier.van_rode.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":10588,"name":"16th Century (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/16th_Century_History_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37617125" data-work_id="37617125" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37617125/The_State_and_the_Citizen">The State and the Citizen</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The State fit to represent the interests of society, seeking to harmonize interests and give a global response to the different conflicts. The performance of the State connects, in this area, above all, the Fundamental objective of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37617125" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The State fit to represent the interests of society, seeking to harmonize interests and give a global response to the different conflicts. <br />The performance of the State connects, in this area, above all, the Fundamental objective of Social peace.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37617125" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2749767155b035b8f7bec72fd46411e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57600070,"asset_id":37617125,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57600070/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13276633" href="https://ual-pt.academia.edu/ArturVictoria">Artur Victoria</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13276633" type="text/json">{"id":13276633,"first_name":"Artur","last_name":"Victoria","domain_name":"ual-pt","page_name":"ArturVictoria","display_name":"Artur Victoria","profile_url":"https://ual-pt.academia.edu/ArturVictoria?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13276633/6698221/31872235/s65_artur.victoria.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37617125 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37617125"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37617125, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37617125", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37617125 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37617125; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37617125"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37617125 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37617125"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37617125; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37617125]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37617125").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37617125").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37617125"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="547" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law">Constitutional Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="547" type="text/json">{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37617125]'), work: {"id":37617125,"title":"The State and the Citizen","created_at":"2018-10-20T09:19:40.986-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37617125/The_State_and_the_Citizen?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_37617125","summary":"The State fit to represent the interests of society, seeking to harmonize interests and give a global response to the different conflicts. \nThe performance of the State connects, in this area, above all, the Fundamental objective of Social peace.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57600070,"asset_id":37617125,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13276633,"first_name":"Artur","last_name":"Victoria","domain_name":"ual-pt","page_name":"ArturVictoria","display_name":"Artur Victoria","profile_url":"https://ual-pt.academia.edu/ArturVictoria?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13276633/6698221/31872235/s65_artur.victoria.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":547,"name":"Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constitutional_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":10422,"name":"National Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Identity?f_ri=3661"},{"id":294517,"name":"Defense and Strategic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Defense_and_Strategic_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37161592" data-work_id="37161592" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37161592/Liberia_s_Governance_and_Economic_Management_Assistance_Programme_A_New_Model_of_Shared_Sovereignty">Liberia' s Governance and Economic Management Assistance Programme – A New Model of Shared Sovereignty</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Relying on the example of the Governance and Economic Management Assistance Programme for Liberia (GEMAP) this article analyses whether and under which conditions a shared sovereignty arrangement can serve as a veritable tool of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37161592" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Relying on the example of the Governance and Economic Management<br />Assistance Programme for Liberia (GEMAP) this article analyses whether<br />and under which conditions a shared sovereignty arrangement can serve as a veritable tool of international involvement to create a sustainable<br />(socio)economic development in a state emerging from conflict. The article<br />outlines milestones and obstacles of the Liberian peace process and economic<br />transformation after the signing of the Accra Peace Agreement in<br />2003. Focusing on (socio)economic and fiscal problems as a threat to the<br />peace process the article analyses the GEMAP Agreement of 2005 which<br />was negotiated between the National Transitional Government of Liberia<br />(NTGL) and international donor organisations. The paper argues that GEMAP is an example of a far-reaching shared sovereignty arrangement that could serve as a (role)model for future co-operations between external donors and post-conflict countries. Furthermore, the article concludes that the continued endorsement of the Accra Peace Agreement and GEMAP by the United Nations Security Council can be considered as a supporting legitimisation of the shared sovereignty arrangement. The conclusion and outlook reflect GEMAP’s potential role as a playbook for future shared sovereignty arrangements and the continuing need to carefully balance national sovereignty and international involvement in post-conflict situations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37161592" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0dbdd2d831740d8a676d61b67340c599" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57112602,"asset_id":37161592,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57112602/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61097036" href="https://ios-regensburg.academia.edu/CindyWittke">Cindy Wittke (former Daase)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61097036" type="text/json">{"id":61097036,"first_name":"Cindy","last_name":"Wittke (former Daase)","domain_name":"ios-regensburg","page_name":"CindyWittke","display_name":"Cindy Wittke (former Daase)","profile_url":"https://ios-regensburg.academia.edu/CindyWittke?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61097036/19895104/19706052/s65_cindy.wittke.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37161592 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37161592"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37161592, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37161592", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37161592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37161592").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37161592").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37161592"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1198" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies">Peace and Conflict Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1198" type="text/json">{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2575" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law">International Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2575" type="text/json">{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2585" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development">International Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2585" type="text/json">{"id":2585,"name":"International Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37161592]'), work: {"id":37161592,"title":"Liberia' s Governance and Economic Management Assistance Programme – A New Model of Shared Sovereignty","created_at":"2018-08-01T03:50:43.715-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37161592/Liberia_s_Governance_and_Economic_Management_Assistance_Programme_A_New_Model_of_Shared_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_37161592","summary":"Relying on the example of the Governance and Economic Management\nAssistance Programme for Liberia (GEMAP) this article analyses whether\nand under which conditions a shared sovereignty arrangement can serve as a veritable tool of international involvement to create a sustainable\n(socio)economic development in a state emerging from conflict. The article\noutlines milestones and obstacles of the Liberian peace process and economic\ntransformation after the signing of the Accra Peace Agreement in\n2003. Focusing on (socio)economic and fiscal problems as a threat to the\npeace process the article analyses the GEMAP Agreement of 2005 which\nwas negotiated between the National Transitional Government of Liberia\n(NTGL) and international donor organisations. The paper argues that GEMAP is an example of a far-reaching shared sovereignty arrangement that could serve as a (role)model for future co-operations between external donors and post-conflict countries. Furthermore, the article concludes that the continued endorsement of the Accra Peace Agreement and GEMAP by the United Nations Security Council can be considered as a supporting legitimisation of the shared sovereignty arrangement. The conclusion and outlook reflect GEMAP’s potential role as a playbook for future shared sovereignty arrangements and the continuing need to carefully balance national sovereignty and international involvement in post-conflict situations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57112602,"asset_id":37161592,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61097036,"first_name":"Cindy","last_name":"Wittke (former Daase)","domain_name":"ios-regensburg","page_name":"CindyWittke","display_name":"Cindy Wittke (former Daase)","profile_url":"https://ios-regensburg.academia.edu/CindyWittke?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61097036/19895104/19706052/s65_cindy.wittke.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":2585,"name":"International Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":21633,"name":"Liberia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberia?f_ri=3661"},{"id":27982,"name":"Theories of Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":49398,"name":"Peace agreements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_agreements?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48159510" data-work_id="48159510" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48159510/The_question_of_self_determination_in_international_democracy_promotion">The question of self-determination in international democracy promotion</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48159510" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15061c909b68888cf4b31c4e9c730c72" rel="nofollow" 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$(".js-view-count-work_48159510").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48159510"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5321" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Human_Rights_Law">International Human Rights Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5321" type="text/json">{"id":5321,"name":"International Human Rights Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Human_Rights_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27077" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_and_Human_Rights">International Relations and Human Rights</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27077" type="text/json">{"id":27077,"name":"International Relations and Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_and_Human_Rights?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48159510]'), work: {"id":48159510,"title":"The question of self-determination in international democracy promotion","created_at":"2021-05-04T02:48:28.914-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48159510/The_question_of_self_determination_in_international_democracy_promotion?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_48159510","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66916425,"asset_id":48159510,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3240093,"first_name":"Jonas","last_name":"Wolff","domain_name":"hsfk","page_name":"JonasWolff","display_name":"Jonas Wolff","profile_url":"https://hsfk.academia.edu/JonasWolff?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3240093/1069041/1334366/s65_jonas.wolff.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":5321,"name":"International Human Rights Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Human_Rights_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":27077,"name":"International Relations and Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_and_Human_Rights?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":34540,"name":"Democracy Promotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_Promotion?f_ri=3661"},{"id":94173,"name":"Democracy Assistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_Assistance?f_ri=3661"},{"id":106264,"name":"International Norms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Norms?f_ri=3661"},{"id":137917,"name":"Self Determination Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Determination_Theory?f_ri=3661"},{"id":175257,"name":"Popular sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":181420,"name":"Normative International Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normative_International_Theory?f_ri=3661"},{"id":192660,"name":"Self Determination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Determination?f_ri=3661"},{"id":201282,"name":"Support for democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Support_for_democracy?f_ri=3661"},{"id":395193,"name":"Democracy aid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_aid?f_ri=3661"},{"id":607652,"name":"Norms in International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norms_in_International_Relations?f_ri=3661"},{"id":951236,"name":"Non intervention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_intervention?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2762938,"name":"promotion of democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/promotion_of_democracy-1?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31401032" data-work_id="31401032" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31401032/Priorities_in_the_location_of_multiple_public_facilities">Priorities in the location of multiple public facilities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31401032" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f750fddf0648343962553d99f1fead13" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51770927,"asset_id":31401032,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51770927/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/69963302/Destituent_democracy_an_afterlife_of_popular_government">Destituent democracy: an afterlife of popular government</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In recent years there has been a marked effort in American democracy to make engaging the formal democratic process more difficult. Laws have been passed that restrict constituents’ ability to vote by mail, that reduce the number of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69963302" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In recent years there has been a marked effort in American democracy to make engaging the formal democratic process more difficult. Laws have been passed that restrict constituents’ ability to vote by mail, that reduce the number of polling places and shorten their hours, that require strict forms of identification to cast a ballot, that limit early voting, and ban imbibing snacks and beverages in line at polling locations. Similarly, the judiciary at both the state and federal level has issued decisions signaling its reticence to embrace a deeper and more egalitarian vision of what American democracy could be. In this paper I will argue that these practices might usefully be understood as an expression of destituent power to both complement and contest that concepts understanding and growing body of literature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69963302" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6c84155acaa0cea5487eba1227ab0ff2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":91982026,"asset_id":69963302,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91982026/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="133916567" href="https://new.academia.edu/PaulLondrigan">Paul Londrigan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="133916567" type="text/json">{"id":133916567,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Londrigan","domain_name":"new","page_name":"PaulLondrigan","display_name":"Paul Londrigan","profile_url":"https://new.academia.edu/PaulLondrigan?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/133916567/47655920/83777768/s65_paul.londrigan.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69963302 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69963302"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69963302, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69963302", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69963302]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69963302").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69963302").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69963302"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1696" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory">Political Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1696" type="text/json">{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2933" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratic_Theory">Democratic Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2933" type="text/json">{"id":2933,"name":"Democratic Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratic_Theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12624" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Political_Thought">History of Political Thought</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12624" type="text/json">{"id":12624,"name":"History of Political Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Political_Thought?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69963302]'), work: {"id":69963302,"title":"Destituent democracy: an afterlife of popular government","created_at":"2022-01-29T13:59:37.698-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69963302/Destituent_democracy_an_afterlife_of_popular_government?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_69963302","summary":"In recent years there has been a marked effort in American democracy to make engaging the formal democratic process more difficult. Laws have been passed that restrict constituents’ ability to vote by mail, that reduce the number of polling places and shorten their hours, that require strict forms of identification to cast a ballot, that limit early voting, and ban imbibing snacks and beverages in line at polling locations. Similarly, the judiciary at both the state and federal level has issued decisions signaling its reticence to embrace a deeper and more egalitarian vision of what American democracy could be. In this paper I will argue that these practices might usefully be understood as an expression of destituent power to both complement and contest that concepts understanding and growing body of literature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":91982026,"asset_id":69963302,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":133916567,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Londrigan","domain_name":"new","page_name":"PaulLondrigan","display_name":"Paul Londrigan","profile_url":"https://new.academia.edu/PaulLondrigan?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/133916567/47655920/83777768/s65_paul.londrigan.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":2933,"name":"Democratic Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratic_Theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":12624,"name":"History of Political Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Political_Thought?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":31860,"name":"Jean Jaques Rousseau","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jean_Jaques_Rousseau?f_ri=3661"},{"id":52222,"name":"Constituent Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constituent_Power?f_ri=3661"},{"id":201920,"name":"Disenfranchisement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disenfranchisement?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1983320,"name":"Destituent Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Destituent_Power?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64729547" data-work_id="64729547" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64729547/Bakonyi_2021_Modular_Sovereignty_Security_Dialogue">Bakonyi 2021 Modular Sovereignty Security Dialogue</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article uses the example of the Mogadishu International Airport zone and takes a spatio-temporal lens to explore how (sovereign) power unfolds in international interventions that aim at building a sovereign state. I show that the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_64729547" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article uses the example of the Mogadishu International Airport zone and takes a spatio-temporal lens to explore how (sovereign) power unfolds in international interventions that aim at building a sovereign state. I show that the Mogadishu International Airport zone emerges as an elastic frontier zone that contradicts the sovereign imaginary intervenors aim to project and undermines many of the taken-for-granted boundaries that states tend to produce. The Mogadishu International Airport and similar zones emphasize the centrality of logistics and circulation in interventions, but also point towards their temporal and liminal character. Modularity became the material answer to the demand to secure circulation while adapting to the rapid rhythm and short timeframes of statebuilding. Modular designs enable the constant adaptation of the intervention terrain, allow intervenors to deny their power and imprint and facilitate the commercialization of supply chains and intervention materials. Sovereign power that operates through such zones becomes modular itself. It is exercised as an adaptable, in parts exchangeable, and highly mobile form of power that operates through crises and emergencies. The spaces and materials created by modular forms of sovereign power remain elusive, but nonetheless stratify experiences of power and security.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64729547" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df4ad6ec517f1040163f238270260094" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76630231,"asset_id":64729547,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76630231/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58511288" href="https://durham.academia.edu/JuttaBakonyi">Jutta Bakonyi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58511288" type="text/json">{"id":58511288,"first_name":"Jutta","last_name":"Bakonyi","domain_name":"durham","page_name":"JuttaBakonyi","display_name":"Jutta Bakonyi","profile_url":"https://durham.academia.edu/JuttaBakonyi?f_ri=3661","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64729547 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64729547"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64729547, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64729547", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_64729547 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64729547; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_64729547"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_64729547 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64729547"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64729547; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64729547]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_64729547").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_64729547").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="64729547"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2593" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanitarianism">Humanitarianism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2593" type="text/json">{"id":2593,"name":"Humanitarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanitarianism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25177" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modular_Systems_Architecture_">Modular Systems (Architecture)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25177" type="text/json">{"id":25177,"name":"Modular Systems (Architecture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modular_Systems_Architecture_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="77342" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrastructure">Infrastructure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="77342" type="text/json">{"id":77342,"name":"Infrastructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrastructure?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=64729547]'), work: {"id":64729547,"title":"Bakonyi 2021 Modular Sovereignty Security Dialogue","created_at":"2021-12-17T00:03:31.906-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/64729547/Bakonyi_2021_Modular_Sovereignty_Security_Dialogue?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_64729547","summary":"This article uses the example of the Mogadishu International Airport zone and takes a spatio-temporal lens to explore how (sovereign) power unfolds in international interventions that aim at building a sovereign state. I show that the Mogadishu International Airport zone emerges as an elastic frontier zone that contradicts the sovereign imaginary intervenors aim to project and undermines many of the taken-for-granted boundaries that states tend to produce. The Mogadishu International Airport and similar zones emphasize the centrality of logistics and circulation in interventions, but also point towards their temporal and liminal character. Modularity became the material answer to the demand to secure circulation while adapting to the rapid rhythm and short timeframes of statebuilding. Modular designs enable the constant adaptation of the intervention terrain, allow intervenors to deny their power and imprint and facilitate the commercialization of supply chains and intervention materials. Sovereign power that operates through such zones becomes modular itself. It is exercised as an adaptable, in parts exchangeable, and highly mobile form of power that operates through crises and emergencies. The spaces and materials created by modular forms of sovereign power remain elusive, but nonetheless stratify experiences of power and security.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76630231,"asset_id":64729547,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58511288,"first_name":"Jutta","last_name":"Bakonyi","domain_name":"durham","page_name":"JuttaBakonyi","display_name":"Jutta Bakonyi","profile_url":"https://durham.academia.edu/JuttaBakonyi?f_ri=3661","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2593,"name":"Humanitarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanitarianism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":25177,"name":"Modular Systems (Architecture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modular_Systems_Architecture_?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":77342,"name":"Infrastructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrastructure?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":97792,"name":"Statebuilding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statebuilding?f_ri=3661"},{"id":154234,"name":"Modularity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modularity?f_ri=3661"},{"id":157036,"name":"Urban Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Space?f_ri=3661"},{"id":170414,"name":"Military Intervention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intervention?f_ri=3661"},{"id":515070,"name":"Circulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Circulation?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49812298" data-work_id="49812298" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49812298/When_States_Need_Refugees_Iraqi_Kurdistan_and_the_Security_Alibi">When States Need Refugees: Iraqi Kurdistan and the Security Alibi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">While nation-states often claim that refugees threaten their political and territorial integrity, this chapter shows how the opposite can be true: sometimes states need refugees. In late 2014 and early 2015, when parts of Iraq... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49812298" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">While  nation-states  often  claim  that  refugees  threaten  their  political  and  territorial integrity, this chapter shows how the opposite can be true: sometimes states need refugees. In late 2014 and early 2015, when parts of Iraq and Syria were overtaken by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), people seeking refuge in semiautonomous Iraqi Kurdistan became central to the public story told about Kurdish sovereignty. Their ethnic or regional group affiliation determined their integration or rejection by the Kurdish authorities. For example, on the one hand, Anbari people were suspected of being ISIS supporters because of their regional origin. They found themselves the target of suspicion, even as they were provided with refugee status and aid. On the other hand, minorities such as Yazidi and Kurds were brought into camps that looked more like planned cities.Ultimately, refugee presence in Kurdistan reinforced a garrisoned security state. In the name of protecting refugees, Kurdistan received international humanitarian support, but also a major thrust of military expertise and supplies by which to enforce its borders. By 2017, the Pentagon signed an agreement to give the Kurdish army, known as the Peshmerga, US$415 million (Al Jazeera 2016), along with part of the US$13 billion it was spending in the fight against ISIS. Defining and placing refugees became a core alibi to the construction of a security state that held the potential of becoming a U.S.-backed independent Kurdistan.  This  was  ultimately  not  the  case,  and  the  United  States  quickly  withdrew its support for Kurdistan after ISIS was officially defeated. Nevertheless, the centrality of refugees in the story of a weak nation-state reveals insights about the political role of refugees more broadly, even for states whose status is less tenuous or less obviously linked to refugee protection.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49812298" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="174ef310748259a1c13296e1c4c70dc3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68033846,"asset_id":49812298,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68033846/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6161036" href="https://purdue.academia.edu/KaliRubaii">Kali Rubaii</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6161036" type="text/json">{"id":6161036,"first_name":"Kali","last_name":"Rubaii","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"KaliRubaii","display_name":"Kali Rubaii","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/KaliRubaii?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6161036/2558227/27054870/s65_kali.rubaii.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49812298 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49812298"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49812298, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49812298", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49812298 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49812298; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49812298"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49812298 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49812298"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49812298; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49812298]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49812298").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49812298").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49812298"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2015" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies">Middle East Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2015" type="text/json">{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5213" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Militarism">Militarism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5213" type="text/json">{"id":5213,"name":"Militarism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Militarism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5535" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Security_Studies">Critical Security Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5535" type="text/json">{"id":5535,"name":"Critical Security Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Security_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49812298]'), work: {"id":49812298,"title":"When States Need Refugees: Iraqi Kurdistan and the Security Alibi","created_at":"2021-07-12T10:12:13.981-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49812298/When_States_Need_Refugees_Iraqi_Kurdistan_and_the_Security_Alibi?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_49812298","summary":"While nation-states often claim that refugees threaten their political and territorial integrity, this chapter shows how the opposite can be true: sometimes states need refugees. In late 2014 and early 2015, when parts of Iraq and Syria were overtaken by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), people seeking refuge in semiautonomous Iraqi Kurdistan became central to the public story told about Kurdish sovereignty. Their ethnic or regional group affiliation determined their integration or rejection by the Kurdish authorities. For example, on the one hand, Anbari people were suspected of being ISIS supporters because of their regional origin. They found themselves the target of suspicion, even as they were provided with refugee status and aid. On the other hand, minorities such as Yazidi and Kurds were brought into camps that looked more like planned cities.Ultimately, refugee presence in Kurdistan reinforced a garrisoned security state. In the name of protecting refugees, Kurdistan received international humanitarian support, but also a major thrust of military expertise and supplies by which to enforce its borders. By 2017, the Pentagon signed an agreement to give the Kurdish army, known as the Peshmerga, US$415 million (Al Jazeera 2016), along with part of the US$13 billion it was spending in the fight against ISIS. Defining and placing refugees became a core alibi to the construction of a security state that held the potential of becoming a U.S.-backed independent Kurdistan. This was ultimately not the case, and the United States quickly withdrew its support for Kurdistan after ISIS was officially defeated. Nevertheless, the centrality of refugees in the story of a weak nation-state reveals insights about the political role of refugees more broadly, even for states whose status is less tenuous or less obviously linked to refugee protection.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68033846,"asset_id":49812298,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6161036,"first_name":"Kali","last_name":"Rubaii","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"KaliRubaii","display_name":"Kali Rubaii","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/KaliRubaii?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6161036/2558227/27054870/s65_kali.rubaii.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":5213,"name":"Militarism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Militarism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":5535,"name":"Critical Security Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Security_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":30456,"name":"War on Terror","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/War_on_Terror?f_ri=3661"},{"id":39474,"name":"Kurdistan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kurdistan?f_ri=3661"},{"id":39869,"name":"Refugees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refugees?f_ri=3661"},{"id":74580,"name":"Iraq War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iraq_War?f_ri=3661"},{"id":134693,"name":"Refugees and Forced Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refugees_and_Forced_Migration_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":161968,"name":"Displacement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Displacement?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1231865,"name":"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40003393" data-work_id="40003393" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40003393/TONGUE_IN_CHEEK_MICRONATIONS_AND_ALTERNATE_POLITICAL_REALITIES">TONGUE-IN-CHEEK: MICRONATIONS AND ALTERNATE POLITICAL REALITIES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40003393" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d664f19f44bb6908c31e4c0e4c6adb5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60195285,"asset_id":40003393,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60195285/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66811158" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SujatoDatta">Sujato Datta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66811158" type="text/json">{"id":66811158,"first_name":"Sujato","last_name":"Datta","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SujatoDatta","display_name":"Sujato Datta","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SujatoDatta?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/95a366aba0e66811fd9a74f88ca2ded6?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40003393 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40003393"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40003393, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40003393", }); 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On one hand, the vast majority of states... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8202169" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An examination of the international community's response to the crisis in Darfur between 2004 and 2007 reveals two contradictory developments regarding the responsibilities of sovereign statehood. On one hand, the vast majority of states within the Security Council readily endorse the notion that sovereignty entails a responsibility to protect populations. On the other hand, a few states, including two of the permanent-five, continue to insist that the international community cannot legitimately intervene in the affairs of a functioning state, even when the sovereign has manifestly failed to carry out its responsibilities, unless sovereign consent is granted. While important developments have been made in holding sovereigns to account over the last two decades, this continued assertion of the necessity of consent strikes at the heart of the notion that sovereignty entails responsibility. If consent is required before the international community can act, the notion that the sovereign state is responsible and accountable not only to its own people but also to the international community loses much of its meaning. The enjoyment of sovereign rights can only be understood to be truly conditional upon the observance of sovereign responsibilities if the international community can legitimately breach these rights in the absence of sovereign consent.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8202169" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15404106" href="https://anu-au.academia.edu/LukeGlanville">Luke Glanville</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15404106" type="text/json">{"id":15404106,"first_name":"Luke","last_name":"Glanville","domain_name":"anu-au","page_name":"LukeGlanville","display_name":"Luke Glanville","profile_url":"https://anu-au.academia.edu/LukeGlanville?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15404106/17341328/17443721/s65_luke.glanville.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8202169 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8202169"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8202169, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8202169", }); 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On one hand, the vast majority of states within the Security Council readily endorse the notion that sovereignty entails a responsibility to protect populations. On the other hand, a few states, including two of the permanent-five, continue to insist that the international community cannot legitimately intervene in the affairs of a functioning state, even when the sovereign has manifestly failed to carry out its responsibilities, unless sovereign consent is granted. While important developments have been made in holding sovereigns to account over the last two decades, this continued assertion of the necessity of consent strikes at the heart of the notion that sovereignty entails responsibility. If consent is required before the international community can act, the notion that the sovereign state is responsible and accountable not only to its own people but also to the international community loses much of its meaning. The enjoyment of sovereign rights can only be understood to be truly conditional upon the observance of sovereign responsibilities if the international community can legitimately breach these rights in the absence of sovereign consent.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15404106,"first_name":"Luke","last_name":"Glanville","domain_name":"anu-au","page_name":"LukeGlanville","display_name":"Luke Glanville","profile_url":"https://anu-au.academia.edu/LukeGlanville?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15404106/17341328/17443721/s65_luke.glanville.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":9814,"name":"Security Council","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Council?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":9817,"name":"Humanitarian Intervention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanitarian_Intervention?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":9818,"name":"Responsibility to Protect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Responsibility_to_Protect?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":49397,"name":"Darfur","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Darfur?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31303120" data-work_id="31303120" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31303120/Habermas_J_2015_The_Lure_of_Technocracy_Original_title_Im_Sog_der_Technocratie_trans_from_German_C_Cronin_Cambridge_Malden_Polity_Press_pp_XI_176">Habermas, J. (2015). The Lure of Technocracy (Original title: Im Sog der Technocratie; trans. from German C. Cronin). Cambridge–Malden: Polity Press, pp. XI + 176.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31303120" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="73d2fac53b716a059197d4f88526bfc6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51698054,"asset_id":31303120,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51698054/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40456078" href="https://ecmi.academia.edu/SergiuszBober">Sergiusz Bober</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40456078" type="text/json">{"id":40456078,"first_name":"Sergiusz","last_name":"Bober","domain_name":"ecmi","page_name":"SergiuszBober","display_name":"Sergiusz Bober","profile_url":"https://ecmi.academia.edu/SergiuszBober?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40456078/11353913/13799545/s65_sergiusz.bober.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31303120 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31303120"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31303120, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31303120", }); 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(2015). The Lure of Technocracy (Original title: Im Sog der Technocratie; trans. from German C. Cronin). Cambridge–Malden: Polity Press, pp. XI + 176.","created_at":"2017-02-08T05:40:38.874-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31303120/Habermas_J_2015_The_Lure_of_Technocracy_Original_title_Im_Sog_der_Technocratie_trans_from_German_C_Cronin_Cambridge_Malden_Polity_Press_pp_XI_176?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_31303120","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51698054,"asset_id":31303120,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40456078,"first_name":"Sergiusz","last_name":"Bober","domain_name":"ecmi","page_name":"SergiuszBober","display_name":"Sergiusz Bober","profile_url":"https://ecmi.academia.edu/SergiuszBober?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40456078/11353913/13799545/s65_sergiusz.bober.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":5340,"name":"Jurgen Habermas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurgen_Habermas?f_ri=3661"},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=3661"},{"id":16928,"name":"European Union (International Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union_International_Studies_?f_ri=3661"},{"id":26995,"name":"Habermas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Habermas?f_ri=3661"},{"id":27137,"name":"European Union Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union_Politics?f_ri=3661"},{"id":98376,"name":"Jürgen Habermas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas?f_ri=3661"},{"id":145063,"name":"Democracy in the European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_in_the_European_Union?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61329653" data-work_id="61329653" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61329653/Charles_Wyke_y_su_misi%C3%B3n_en_el_M%C3%A9xico_Juarista">Charles Wyke y su misión en el México Juarista</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">LA JUSTIFICACIÓN DEL TRABAJO DIPLOMÁTICO DESARROLLADO EN MÉXICO POR CHARLES WYKE DURANTE DOS AÑOS SE BASÓ EN LAS INSTRUCCIONES DIPLOAMÁTICAS REALIZADAS POR EL FOREING OFFICE. ESTE DOCUMENTO OFICIAL ES IMPORTANTE PORQUE INCLUYE ASPECTOS... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61329653" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">LA JUSTIFICACIÓN DEL TRABAJO DIPLOMÁTICO DESARROLLADO EN MÉXICO POR CHARLES WYKE DURANTE DOS AÑOS SE BASÓ EN LAS INSTRUCCIONES DIPLOAMÁTICAS REALIZADAS POR EL FOREING OFFICE. ESTE DOCUMENTO OFICIAL ES IMPORTANTE PORQUE INCLUYE ASPECTOS QUE DETERMINARON LAS RELACIONES BILATERALES, ADEMÁS DE ESTAR BASADAS EN PATRONES BRITÁNICOS Y EN PRINCIPIOS DEL DERECHO INTERNACIONAL. LA MORATORIA POR ESOS DOS AÑOS EN EL SERVICIO DE LA DEUDA, ORDENADA POR JUÁREZ EN JULIO DE 1861, CONVENCIÓ A LOS GOBIERNOS DE LA GRAN BRETAÑA, FRANCIA Y ESPAÑA PARA INTERVENIR EN MÉXICO. ESTE ARTÍCULO ANALIZA LA SUSPENSIÓN DEL PAGO QUE ANTES NINGÚN GOBIERNO MEXICANO HABÍA REPUDIADO CUMPLIR. SE ARGUMENTA QUE LA INTERVENCIÓN FUE DISEÑADA PARA ESTABLECER UN RÉGIMEN CAPAZZ DE HONRAR SUS OBLIGACIONES EN TORNO A LA DEUDA Y PREPARAR AL PAÍS PARA RECIBIR IMPORTANTES INVERSIONES.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61329653" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="489083ed8b8110d55d67acca012587bd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74390964,"asset_id":61329653,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74390964/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="172308581" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RevueltasSilvestre">Silvestre V I L L E G A S Revueltas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="172308581" type="text/json">{"id":172308581,"first_name":"Silvestre","last_name":"Revueltas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RevueltasSilvestre","display_name":"Silvestre V I L L E G A S Revueltas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RevueltasSilvestre?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/172308581/117317872/106619610/s65_silvestre.revueltas.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61329653 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61329653"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61329653, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61329653", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61329653]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61329653").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61329653").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61329653"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7982" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legitimacy">Legitimacy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7982" type="text/json">{"id":7982,"name":"Legitimacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legitimacy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="235753" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Debt">Debt</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="235753" type="text/json">{"id":235753,"name":"Debt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Debt?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="357814" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Default">Default</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="357814" type="text/json">{"id":357814,"name":"Default","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Default?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61329653]'), work: {"id":61329653,"title":"Charles Wyke y su misión en el México Juarista","created_at":"2021-11-08T08:56:14.600-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61329653/Charles_Wyke_y_su_misi%C3%B3n_en_el_M%C3%A9xico_Juarista?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_61329653","summary":"LA JUSTIFICACIÓN DEL TRABAJO DIPLOMÁTICO DESARROLLADO EN MÉXICO POR CHARLES WYKE DURANTE DOS AÑOS SE BASÓ EN LAS INSTRUCCIONES DIPLOAMÁTICAS REALIZADAS POR EL FOREING OFFICE. ESTE DOCUMENTO OFICIAL ES IMPORTANTE PORQUE INCLUYE ASPECTOS QUE DETERMINARON LAS RELACIONES BILATERALES, ADEMÁS DE ESTAR BASADAS EN PATRONES BRITÁNICOS Y EN PRINCIPIOS DEL DERECHO INTERNACIONAL. LA MORATORIA POR ESOS DOS AÑOS EN EL SERVICIO DE LA DEUDA, ORDENADA POR JUÁREZ EN JULIO DE 1861, CONVENCIÓ A LOS GOBIERNOS DE LA GRAN BRETAÑA, FRANCIA Y ESPAÑA PARA INTERVENIR EN MÉXICO. ESTE ARTÍCULO ANALIZA LA SUSPENSIÓN DEL PAGO QUE ANTES NINGÚN GOBIERNO MEXICANO HABÍA REPUDIADO CUMPLIR. SE ARGUMENTA QUE LA INTERVENCIÓN FUE DISEÑADA PARA ESTABLECER UN RÉGIMEN CAPAZZ DE HONRAR SUS OBLIGACIONES EN TORNO A LA DEUDA Y PREPARAR AL PAÍS PARA RECIBIR IMPORTANTES INVERSIONES.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74390964,"asset_id":61329653,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":172308581,"first_name":"Silvestre","last_name":"Revueltas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RevueltasSilvestre","display_name":"Silvestre V I L L E G A S Revueltas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RevueltasSilvestre?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/172308581/117317872/106619610/s65_silvestre.revueltas.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":7982,"name":"Legitimacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legitimacy?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":235753,"name":"Debt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Debt?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":357814,"name":"Default","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Default?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45510350" data-work_id="45510350" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45510350/On_the_Touch_event_Theopolitical_Encounters_on_Pope_Francis_">On the Touch-event: Theopolitical Encounters ( on Pope Francis)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract: This article addresses the ‘touch-event’ as a mediated affective encounter that pivots around a tension between intimacy and distance, seduction and sovereignty, investment and withdrawal. Through a rereading of the Pauline... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45510350" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract: This article addresses the ‘touch-event’ as a mediated affective encounter that pivots around a tension between intimacy and distance, seduction and sovereignty, investment and withdrawal. Through a rereading of the Pauline event of conversion to Christianity, it argues that an analysis of the evolving significance of touch-events for Catholic liturgy and a religious congregation shows the theopolitical as always already constituted within an economy of enfleshed virtues. Focusing on contemporary examples of touch-events from the life of Francis, the first pope from the Americas, as well as from fieldwork among a group of female Latin American Catholic migrants in Rome, I argue for a closer examination of touch-events in order to grasp some of their theopolitical, radical, emancipatory, and, in some contexts, subjugating effects.<br />Keywords: Atlantic Return, economies of virtues, incarnation, Pauline event, Pope Francis, sovereignty, theopolitics, touch-event</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45510350" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aec8411de3813e6b587049e546ea67ff" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66000953,"asset_id":45510350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66000953/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="988235" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/VNapolitano">Valentina Napolitano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="988235" type="text/json">{"id":988235,"first_name":"Valentina","last_name":"Napolitano","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"VNapolitano","display_name":"Valentina Napolitano","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/VNapolitano?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/988235/691129/9331983/s65_valentina.napolitano.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45510350 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45510350"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45510350, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45510350", }); 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Through a rereading of the Pauline event of conversion to Christianity, it argues that an analysis of the evolving significance of touch-events for Catholic liturgy and a religious congregation shows the theopolitical as always already constituted within an economy of enfleshed virtues. Focusing on contemporary examples of touch-events from the life of Francis, the first pope from the Americas, as well as from fieldwork among a group of female Latin American Catholic migrants in Rome, I argue for a closer examination of touch-events in order to grasp some of their theopolitical, radical, emancipatory, and, in some contexts, subjugating effects.\nKeywords: Atlantic Return, economies of virtues, incarnation, Pauline event, Pope Francis, sovereignty, theopolitics, touch-event\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66000953,"asset_id":45510350,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":988235,"first_name":"Valentina","last_name":"Napolitano","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"VNapolitano","display_name":"Valentina Napolitano","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/VNapolitano?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/988235/691129/9331983/s65_valentina.napolitano.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3472,"name":"Political Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":8330,"name":"Walter Benjamin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_Benjamin?f_ri=3661"},{"id":14104,"name":"Political Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":23342,"name":"Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":27903,"name":"Affect (Cultural Theory)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affect_Cultural_Theory_?f_ri=3661"},{"id":38261,"name":"Pauline Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pauline_Theology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":54812,"name":"Theopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theopolitics?f_ri=3661"},{"id":103130,"name":"Catholic Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church?f_ri=3661"},{"id":738024,"name":"Pope Francis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pope_Francis?f_ri=3661"},{"id":780967,"name":"Incarnational Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incarnational_Theology?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37577339" data-work_id="37577339" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37577339/Euro_mercati_democrazia_2018_Sovrano_sar%C3%A0_lei_Prove_tecniche_di_autodeterminazione_Conferenza_internazionale_organizzata_da_a_simmetrie_Associazione_italiana_per_lo_studio_delle_asimmetrie_economiche_Montesilvano_Pescara_10_11_novembre_2018">Euro, mercati, democrazia 2018 - Sovrano sarà lei! Prove tecniche di autodeterminazione, Conferenza internazionale organizzata da a/simmetrie, Associazione italiana per lo studio delle asimmetrie economiche, Montesilvano (Pescara), 10-11 novembre 2018.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Presentazione di "Alessandro Somma, Sovranismi. Stato popolo e conflitto sociale (DeriveApprodi 2018)"</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37577339" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7754f517f227b7e4693a7571dd4fbb5f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57556738,"asset_id":37577339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57556738/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="266026" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/AlessandroSomma">Alessandro Somma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="266026" type="text/json">{"id":266026,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Somma","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"AlessandroSomma","display_name":"Alessandro Somma","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/AlessandroSomma?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/266026/15195886/26301657/s65_alessandro.somma.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37577339 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37577339"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37577339, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37577339", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37577339]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37577339").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37577339").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37577339"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="738" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monetary_Economics">Monetary Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="738" type="text/json">{"id":738,"name":"Monetary Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monetary_Economics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10347" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union">European Union</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10347" type="text/json">{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="165251" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eurozone">Eurozone</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="165251" type="text/json">{"id":165251,"name":"Eurozone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eurozone?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37577339]'), work: {"id":37577339,"title":"Euro, mercati, democrazia 2018 - Sovrano sarà lei!\nProve tecniche di autodeterminazione, Conferenza internazionale organizzata da a/simmetrie, Associazione italiana per lo studio delle asimmetrie economiche, Montesilvano (Pescara), 10-11 novembre 2018.","created_at":"2018-10-13T05:24:17.445-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37577339/Euro_mercati_democrazia_2018_Sovrano_sar%C3%A0_lei_Prove_tecniche_di_autodeterminazione_Conferenza_internazionale_organizzata_da_a_simmetrie_Associazione_italiana_per_lo_studio_delle_asimmetrie_economiche_Montesilvano_Pescara_10_11_novembre_2018?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_37577339","summary":"Presentazione di \"Alessandro Somma, Sovranismi. Stato popolo e conflitto sociale (DeriveApprodi 2018)\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57556738,"asset_id":37577339,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":266026,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Somma","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"AlessandroSomma","display_name":"Alessandro Somma","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/AlessandroSomma?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/266026/15195886/26301657/s65_alessandro.somma.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":738,"name":"Monetary Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monetary_Economics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":165251,"name":"Eurozone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eurozone?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":328695,"name":"Unione Europea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Unione_Europea?f_ri=3661"},{"id":347292,"name":"State sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1633392,"name":"Sovranismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovranismo?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36993006" data-work_id="36993006" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36993006/Revisitar_la_soberan%C3%ADa_ind%C3%ADgena_los_desaf%C3%ADos_de_una_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_excluida">Revisitar la soberanía indígena: los desafíos de una reivindicación excluida</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Clavé-Mercier, V. (2018), "Revisitar la soberanía indígena: los desafíos de una reivindicación excluida", Relaciones Internacionales, nº38, Junio 2018, pp.99-119</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36993006" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a283a81a96bca6e12f1a7b81fc391be0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56942061,"asset_id":36993006,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56942061/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20950536" href="https://ucm.academia.edu/ValentinClav%C3%A9Mercier">Valentin Clavé-Mercier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20950536" type="text/json">{"id":20950536,"first_name":"Valentin","last_name":"Clavé-Mercier","domain_name":"ucm","page_name":"ValentinClavéMercier","display_name":"Valentin Clavé-Mercier","profile_url":"https://ucm.academia.edu/ValentinClav%C3%A9Mercier?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20950536/5795961/8916696/s65_valentin.clav_-mercier.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36993006 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36993006"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36993006, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36993006", }); 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Wild","created_at":"2015-02-03T15:12:36.619-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10493652/Against_the_Master_Narrative_The_Practice_of_the_Wild?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_10493652","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36506268,"asset_id":10493652,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5407912,"first_name":"Sam","last_name":"Law","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"SamLaw","display_name":"Sam Law","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/SamLaw?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5407912/2375735/2767312/s65_sam.law.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":342365,"name":"Insurrectionary Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Insurrectionary_Theory?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58356957" data-work_id="58356957" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58356957/Exogenous_state_building">Exogenous state-building</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58356957" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34487213" href="https://cmi-norway.academia.edu/astriSuhrke">astri Suhrke</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34487213" type="text/json">{"id":34487213,"first_name":"astri","last_name":"Suhrke","domain_name":"cmi-norway","page_name":"astriSuhrke","display_name":"astri Suhrke","profile_url":"https://cmi-norway.academia.edu/astriSuhrke?f_ri=3661","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58356957 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58356957"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58356957, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58356957", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_58356957 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58356957; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_58356957"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_58356957 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="58356957"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58356957; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58356957]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58356957").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58356957").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58356957"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2592" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights">Human Rights</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2592" type="text/json">{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2969" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership">Leadership</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2969" type="text/json">{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7560" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_International_Law">Public International Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7560" type="text/json">{"id":7560,"name":"Public International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_International_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58356957]'), work: {"id":58356957,"title":"Exogenous state-building","created_at":"2021-10-16T04:16:04.708-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58356957/Exogenous_state_building?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_58356957","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34487213,"first_name":"astri","last_name":"Suhrke","domain_name":"cmi-norway","page_name":"astriSuhrke","display_name":"astri Suhrke","profile_url":"https://cmi-norway.academia.edu/astriSuhrke?f_ri=3661","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":7560,"name":"Public International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_International_Law?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":8326,"name":"Political Legitimacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Legitimacy?f_ri=3661"},{"id":12108,"name":"China","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China?f_ri=3661"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=3661"},{"id":135164,"name":"Capital","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capital?f_ri=3661"},{"id":251641,"name":"Incentives","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incentives?f_ri=3661"},{"id":989497,"name":"Meiji Restoration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meiji_Restoration?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1227220,"name":"Surge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surge?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80194830" data-work_id="80194830" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80194830/_You_Cant_Say_Youre_Sovereign_if_You_Cant_Feed_Yourself_Defining_and_Enacting_Food_Sovereignty_in_American_Indian_Community_Gardening">“You Can't Say You're Sovereign if You Can't Feed Yourself”: Defining and Enacting Food Sovereignty in American Indian Community Gardening</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Within the context of the broader food sovereignty literature, and with a specific focus on notions of America Indian sovereignty, this article explores how members of thirty-nine different Native American community farming and gardening... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80194830" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Within the context of the broader food sovereignty literature, and with a specific focus on notions of America Indian sovereignty, this article explores how members of thirty-nine different Native American community farming and gardening projects in the United States describe and define food sovereignty, as both concept and method. This article further distinguishes how principles of food sovereignty are being operationalized in the broader goals of promoting community health, sustainability, and local economic systems, and of reclaiming and maintaining tribal culture.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80194830" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f7dfaa59121fa4f9313d33e7033999a7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86657706,"asset_id":80194830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86657706/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="89811" href="https://berkeley.academia.edu/ElizabethHoover">Elizabeth Hoover</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="89811" type="text/json">{"id":89811,"first_name":"Elizabeth","last_name":"Hoover","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"ElizabethHoover","display_name":"Elizabeth Hoover","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/ElizabethHoover?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/89811/24986/37490466/s65_elizabeth.hoover.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80194830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80194830"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80194830, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80194830", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_80194830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80194830; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_80194830"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_80194830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80194830"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80194830; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80194830]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_80194830").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_80194830").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="80194830"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="299" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies">Native American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="299" type="text/json">{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22251" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture_and_Food_Studies">Agriculture and Food Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22251" type="text/json">{"id":22251,"name":"Agriculture and Food Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture_and_Food_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25635" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sovereignty">Food Sovereignty</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25635" type="text/json">{"id":25635,"name":"Food Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=80194830]'), work: {"id":80194830,"title":"“You Can't Say You're Sovereign if You Can't Feed Yourself”: Defining and Enacting Food Sovereignty in American Indian Community Gardening","created_at":"2022-05-29T09:25:17.111-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/80194830/_You_Cant_Say_Youre_Sovereign_if_You_Cant_Feed_Yourself_Defining_and_Enacting_Food_Sovereignty_in_American_Indian_Community_Gardening?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_80194830","summary":"Within the context of the broader food sovereignty literature, and with a specific focus on notions of America Indian sovereignty, this article explores how members of thirty-nine different Native American community farming and gardening projects in the United States describe and define food sovereignty, as both concept and method. This article further distinguishes how principles of food sovereignty are being operationalized in the broader goals of promoting community health, sustainability, and local economic systems, and of reclaiming and maintaining tribal culture.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86657706,"asset_id":80194830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":89811,"first_name":"Elizabeth","last_name":"Hoover","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"ElizabethHoover","display_name":"Elizabeth Hoover","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/ElizabethHoover?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/89811/24986/37490466/s65_elizabeth.hoover.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":22251,"name":"Agriculture and Food Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agriculture_and_Food_Studies?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":25635,"name":"Food Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=3661"},{"id":43678,"name":"Food Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":57080,"name":"Local Food Movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_Food_Movement?f_ri=3661"},{"id":69505,"name":"Seed Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seed_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":99642,"name":"Food Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Justice?f_ri=3661"},{"id":527382,"name":"Native American and Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_and_Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":1859525,"name":"Native American Foodways","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Foodways?f_ri=3661"},{"id":2560862,"name":"Indigenous Food Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Food_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70123309" data-work_id="70123309" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70123309/Sovereignty_and_Human_Security_contesting_or_complementing_concepts_A_case_study_of_the_European_Security_Strategy">Sovereignty and Human Security - contesting or complementing concepts? A case study of the European Security Strategy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The sovereignty concept is facing a challenge. In the postmodern world order European member states share a common security strategy and human security has become the guiding principle for European security thinking. The aim of this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70123309" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The sovereignty concept is facing a challenge. In the postmodern world order European member states share a common security strategy and human security has become the guiding principle for European security thinking. The aim of this thesis is to develop conceptualizations of the sovereignty concept that incorporates elements of both state sovereignty and human security. In addition my aim is to analyze how state sovereignty is conceptualized and expressed in the European Security Strategy (ESS). Based on traditional sovereignty theories and critical human security studies I have developed three postmodern definitions of sovereignty: statehood sovereignty, responsibility sovereignty and privilege sovereignty. These sovereignty conceptualizations were used as my ideal types when conducting a text analysis of the ESS. My analysis demonstrates that all three sovereignty conceptualizations are expressed in the ESS. My analysis demonstrates a conditional relationship between responsibilit...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70123309" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5921b55eed4f95a4a230bd7d45811d96" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79985089,"asset_id":70123309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79985089/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39050340" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SundbergL">Louise Sundberg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39050340" type="text/json">{"id":39050340,"first_name":"Louise","last_name":"Sundberg","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SundbergL","display_name":"Louise Sundberg","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SundbergL?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39050340/14063378/15080970/s65_louise.sundberg.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70123309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70123309"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70123309, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70123309", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70123309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70123309; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70123309"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70123309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70123309"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70123309; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70123309]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70123309").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70123309").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70123309"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70123309]'), work: {"id":70123309,"title":"Sovereignty and Human Security - contesting or complementing concepts? A case study of the European Security Strategy","created_at":"2022-01-31T01:40:05.123-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70123309/Sovereignty_and_Human_Security_contesting_or_complementing_concepts_A_case_study_of_the_European_Security_Strategy?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_70123309","summary":"The sovereignty concept is facing a challenge. In the postmodern world order European member states share a common security strategy and human security has become the guiding principle for European security thinking. The aim of this thesis is to develop conceptualizations of the sovereignty concept that incorporates elements of both state sovereignty and human security. In addition my aim is to analyze how state sovereignty is conceptualized and expressed in the European Security Strategy (ESS). Based on traditional sovereignty theories and critical human security studies I have developed three postmodern definitions of sovereignty: statehood sovereignty, responsibility sovereignty and privilege sovereignty. These sovereignty conceptualizations were used as my ideal types when conducting a text analysis of the ESS. My analysis demonstrates that all three sovereignty conceptualizations are expressed in the ESS. My analysis demonstrates a conditional relationship between responsibilit...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79985089,"asset_id":70123309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39050340,"first_name":"Louise","last_name":"Sundberg","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SundbergL","display_name":"Louise Sundberg","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SundbergL?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39050340/14063378/15080970/s65_louise.sundberg.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38038274" data-work_id="38038274" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38038274/State_of_exception_the_legal_form_of_neoliberalism">State of exception: the legal form of neoliberalism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38038274" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea23d7221568b66ccf8bb2db2c55fdf9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58062177,"asset_id":38038274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58062177/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49534730" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/RafaelValim">Rafael Valim</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49534730" type="text/json">{"id":49534730,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Valim","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"RafaelValim","display_name":"Rafael Valim","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/RafaelValim?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49534730/19777121/38224395/s65_rafael.valim.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38038274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38038274"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38038274, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38038274", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38038274]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38038274").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38038274").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38038274"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6256" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necropolitics">Necropolitics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6256" type="text/json">{"id":6256,"name":"Necropolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necropolitics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12420" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoliberalism">Neoliberalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12420" type="text/json">{"id":12420,"name":"Neoliberalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoliberalism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80845" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_of_exception">State of exception</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="80845" type="text/json">{"id":80845,"name":"State of exception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_of_exception?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38038274]'), work: {"id":38038274,"title":"State of exception: the legal form of neoliberalism","created_at":"2018-12-25T12:37:57.530-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38038274/State_of_exception_the_legal_form_of_neoliberalism?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_38038274","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58062177,"asset_id":38038274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49534730,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Valim","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"RafaelValim","display_name":"Rafael Valim","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/RafaelValim?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49534730/19777121/38224395/s65_rafael.valim.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":6256,"name":"Necropolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necropolitics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":12420,"name":"Neoliberalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoliberalism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":80845,"name":"State of exception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_of_exception?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":613505,"name":"Neoliberalismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoliberalismo?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50783639" data-work_id="50783639" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50783639/Imperial_Mettle_Ancient_Numismatics_and_the_Malleable_Conditions_of_Sovereignty">Imperial Mettle: Ancient Numismatics and the Malleable Conditions of Sovereignty</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This undergraduate senior honors thesis investigates how imperial sovereignty is reproduced in politically contested regions. Centering on the politically volatile region of ancient Armenia, I use disparate assemblages of imperial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50783639" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This undergraduate senior honors thesis investigates how imperial sovereignty is reproduced in politically contested regions. Centering on the politically volatile region of ancient Armenia, I use disparate assemblages of imperial Parthian, Roman, and Armenian coins in order to understand how each competing polity established claims to legitimate sovereignty by mobilizing coins as a shared medium of their political and economic systems. I turn to new materialist archaeology to move beyond standard symbolic or metallurgical coinage analysis and towards a more holistic and contextual view of coins and their malleable roles in antiquity in both shaping and being shaped by tenuous imperial claims to sovereignty.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50783639" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f0a6b3ea85fb3afcaf19eb54c48fa675" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68651343,"asset_id":50783639,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68651343/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="72220911" href="https://stanford.academia.edu/SophiaColello">Sophia Colello</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="72220911" type="text/json">{"id":72220911,"first_name":"Sophia","last_name":"Colello","domain_name":"stanford","page_name":"SophiaColello","display_name":"Sophia Colello","profile_url":"https://stanford.academia.edu/SophiaColello?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/72220911/63418957/51724757/s65_sophia.colello.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50783639 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50783639"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50783639, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50783639", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50783639]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50783639").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50783639").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50783639"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Numismatics">Ancient Roman Numismatics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29392" type="text/json">{"id":29392,"name":"Ancient Roman Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Numismatics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56908" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperialism">Imperialism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="56908" type="text/json">{"id":56908,"name":"Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperialism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50783639]'), work: {"id":50783639,"title":"Imperial Mettle: Ancient Numismatics and the Malleable Conditions of Sovereignty","created_at":"2021-08-07T14:35:54.490-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50783639/Imperial_Mettle_Ancient_Numismatics_and_the_Malleable_Conditions_of_Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_50783639","summary":"This undergraduate senior honors thesis investigates how imperial sovereignty is reproduced in politically contested regions. Centering on the politically volatile region of ancient Armenia, I use disparate assemblages of imperial Parthian, Roman, and Armenian coins in order to understand how each competing polity established claims to legitimate sovereignty by mobilizing coins as a shared medium of their political and economic systems. I turn to new materialist archaeology to move beyond standard symbolic or metallurgical coinage analysis and towards a more holistic and contextual view of coins and their malleable roles in antiquity in both shaping and being shaped by tenuous imperial claims to sovereignty.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68651343,"asset_id":50783639,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":72220911,"first_name":"Sophia","last_name":"Colello","domain_name":"stanford","page_name":"SophiaColello","display_name":"Sophia Colello","profile_url":"https://stanford.academia.edu/SophiaColello?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/72220911/63418957/51724757/s65_sophia.colello.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":29392,"name":"Ancient Roman Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Numismatics?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":56908,"name":"Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperialism?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":67062,"name":"Ancient Parthian Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Parthian_Numismatics?f_ri=3661"},{"id":76626,"name":"New Materialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Materialism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":83436,"name":"Archaeology of Ancient Armenia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Ancient_Armenia?f_ri=3661"},{"id":170633,"name":"Armenian numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armenian_numismatics?f_ri=3661"},{"id":813938,"name":"Ancient Armenian coins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Armenian_coins?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44216140" data-work_id="44216140" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44216140/Geographies_of_Capital_Punishment_New_Directions_and_Interventions">Geographies of Capital Punishment: New Directions and Interventions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A thorough analysis of capital punishment from a political-geographical perspective is lacking in the discipline of geography. This is despite the fact that capital punishment overlaps with numerous geographic approaches, concepts, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44216140" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A thorough analysis of capital punishment from a political-geographical perspective is lacking in the discipline of geography. This is despite the fact that capital punishment overlaps with numerous geographic approaches, concepts, and areas of study. This study serves as a call to geographers to begin considering capital punishment's wide interaction and interrelation with developed areas of knowledge in the discipline. Specifically, political geographers stand to contribute in novel ways to wider discussions about capital punishment by analyzing executions relative to contemporary work in geography on violent, legal, and carceral spaces. I first introduce the need for geography's engagement with this pressing issue. Then, I clarify several terms needed to understand this violent practice. A third section highlights several pathways of development in the critical geographies of capital punishment. It is organized around four broad themes-critically mapping capital punishment, bodies in motion, politics of access, and executing the "other"-connecting capital punishment to developing concepts, literatures, and sub-disciplines in geography. The final two sections outline an epistemological approach to the geographies of capital punishment and how legal and carceral geographies might contribute.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44216140" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b07fdf29282712274160254e8631b62" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64582447,"asset_id":44216140,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64582447/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10805691" href="https://kentstate.academia.edu/AlexColucci">Alex R . Colucci</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10805691" type="text/json">{"id":10805691,"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Colucci","domain_name":"kentstate","page_name":"AlexColucci","display_name":"Alex R . Colucci","profile_url":"https://kentstate.academia.edu/AlexColucci?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10805691/3241735/3815080/s65_alex.colucci.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44216140 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44216140"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44216140, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44216140", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44216140 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44216140; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44216140"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44216140 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44216140"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44216140; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44216140]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44216140").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44216140").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44216140"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="189" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminology">Criminology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="189" type="text/json">{"id":189,"name":"Criminology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="815" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology">Epistemology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="815" type="text/json">{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1697" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence">Violence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1697" type="text/json">{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44216140]'), work: {"id":44216140,"title":"Geographies of Capital Punishment: New Directions and Interventions","created_at":"2020-10-02T09:41:05.327-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44216140/Geographies_of_Capital_Punishment_New_Directions_and_Interventions?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_44216140","summary":"A thorough analysis of capital punishment from a political-geographical perspective is lacking in the discipline of geography. This is despite the fact that capital punishment overlaps with numerous geographic approaches, concepts, and areas of study. This study serves as a call to geographers to begin considering capital punishment's wide interaction and interrelation with developed areas of knowledge in the discipline. Specifically, political geographers stand to contribute in novel ways to wider discussions about capital punishment by analyzing executions relative to contemporary work in geography on violent, legal, and carceral spaces. I first introduce the need for geography's engagement with this pressing issue. Then, I clarify several terms needed to understand this violent practice. A third section highlights several pathways of development in the critical geographies of capital punishment. It is organized around four broad themes-critically mapping capital punishment, bodies in motion, politics of access, and executing the \"other\"-connecting capital punishment to developing concepts, literatures, and sub-disciplines in geography. The final two sections outline an epistemological approach to the geographies of capital punishment and how legal and carceral geographies might contribute.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64582447,"asset_id":44216140,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10805691,"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Colucci","domain_name":"kentstate","page_name":"AlexColucci","display_name":"Alex R . Colucci","profile_url":"https://kentstate.academia.edu/AlexColucci?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10805691/3241735/3815080/s65_alex.colucci.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":189,"name":"Criminology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Criminology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":3277,"name":"Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":7216,"name":"The Body","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Body?f_ri=3661"},{"id":7229,"name":"Critical Criminology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Criminology?f_ri=3661"},{"id":12194,"name":"Critical Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Geography?f_ri=3661"},{"id":19030,"name":"Political Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Geography?f_ri=3661"},{"id":33614,"name":"Capital Punishment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capital_Punishment?f_ri=3661"},{"id":36393,"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Settler_Colonial_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":44944,"name":"Death Penalty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_Penalty?f_ri=3661"},{"id":46741,"name":"Legal Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Geography?f_ri=3661"},{"id":57214,"name":"Mass Incarceration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Incarceration?f_ri=3661"},{"id":78079,"name":"Lynching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lynching?f_ri=3661"},{"id":397241,"name":"Legal Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_Studies?f_ri=3661"},{"id":467994,"name":"Carceral Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carceral_Geography?f_ri=3661"},{"id":700358,"name":"Racial capitalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Racial_capitalism?f_ri=3661"},{"id":959768,"name":"Execution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Execution?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41121495" data-work_id="41121495" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41121495/Het_trans_Atlantische_Koninkrijk_een_koloniale_erfenis_met_hedendaagse_uitdagingen">'Het trans-Atlantische Koninkrijk: een koloniale erfenis met hedendaagse uitdagingen</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">De cynische vraag ‘Wat hebben wij aan de Antillen?’ wordt vaak gesteld, met weinig begrip en respect voor een eeuwenlange koloniale geschiedenis. Het is met de zes Caribische eilanden niet anders dan met de Waddeneilanden: zij horen er... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41121495" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">De cynische vraag ‘Wat hebben wij aan de Antillen?’ wordt vaak gesteld, met weinig begrip en respect voor een eeuwenlange koloniale  geschiedenis. Het is met de zes Caribische eilanden niet anders dan met de Waddeneilanden: zij horen er nu eenmaal bij, en de relevante vraag is wat ‘wij’ maken van dit trans-Atlantische verband dat, inderdaad, vaak knelt, maar dat wij hoe dan ook delen.  Dat ‘wij’ betreft niet alleen de Nederlanders aan de Noordzee, maar ook de Nederlanders aan de overzijde van de Atlantische oceaan, in de Cariben. Daarover gaat dit artikel. Allereerst bespreek ik de historische achtergrond, vervolgens de dekolonisatie met het Statuut van 1954 en de spanningen die dit complexe arrangement van non-soevereiniteit onvermijdelijk blijft oproepen, om te eindigen met een pleidooi voor een bredere Koninkrijksagenda.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41121495" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="08e0a7391b3b7dcc2d5d423d56477508" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61375239,"asset_id":41121495,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61375239/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="117875" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/GertOostindie">Gert Oostindie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="117875" type="text/json">{"id":117875,"first_name":"Gert","last_name":"Oostindie","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"GertOostindie","display_name":"Gert Oostindie","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/GertOostindie?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/117875/31673/73040112/s65_gert.oostindie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41121495 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41121495"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41121495, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41121495", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41121495 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41121495; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41121495"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41121495 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41121495"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41121495; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41121495]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41121495").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41121495").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41121495"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="77281" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decolonization">Decolonization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="77281" type="text/json">{"id":77281,"name":"Decolonization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decolonization?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="157892" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="157892" type="text/json">{"id":157892,"name":"Netherlands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Netherlands?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="218722" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dutch_overseas_history">Dutch overseas history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="218722" type="text/json">{"id":218722,"name":"Dutch overseas history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dutch_overseas_history?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41121495]'), work: {"id":41121495,"title":"'Het trans-Atlantische Koninkrijk: een koloniale erfenis met hedendaagse uitdagingen","created_at":"2019-11-29T06:30:44.987-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41121495/Het_trans_Atlantische_Koninkrijk_een_koloniale_erfenis_met_hedendaagse_uitdagingen?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_41121495","summary":"De cynische vraag ‘Wat hebben wij aan de Antillen?’ wordt vaak gesteld, met weinig begrip en respect voor een eeuwenlange koloniale geschiedenis. Het is met de zes Caribische eilanden niet anders dan met de Waddeneilanden: zij horen er nu eenmaal bij, en de relevante vraag is wat ‘wij’ maken van dit trans-Atlantische verband dat, inderdaad, vaak knelt, maar dat wij hoe dan ook delen. Dat ‘wij’ betreft niet alleen de Nederlanders aan de Noordzee, maar ook de Nederlanders aan de overzijde van de Atlantische oceaan, in de Cariben. Daarover gaat dit artikel. Allereerst bespreek ik de historische achtergrond, vervolgens de dekolonisatie met het Statuut van 1954 en de spanningen die dit complexe arrangement van non-soevereiniteit onvermijdelijk blijft oproepen, om te eindigen met een pleidooi voor een bredere Koninkrijksagenda.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61375239,"asset_id":41121495,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":117875,"first_name":"Gert","last_name":"Oostindie","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"GertOostindie","display_name":"Gert Oostindie","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/GertOostindie?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/117875/31673/73040112/s65_gert.oostindie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":77281,"name":"Decolonization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decolonization?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":157892,"name":"Netherlands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Netherlands?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":218722,"name":"Dutch overseas history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dutch_overseas_history?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":518647,"name":"Dutch Caribbean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dutch_Caribbean?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38579544" data-work_id="38579544" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38579544/Still_Alone_European_Human_Rights_consequences_for_Italy_as_a_Result_of_Migration_Crisis_Nadal_sami_Europejskie_zobowi%C4%85zania_praw_cz%C5%82owieka_W%C5%82och_w_konfrontacji_z_kryzysem_migracyjnym_">Still Alone? – European Human Rights consequences for Italy as a Result of Migration Crisis [Nadal sami? Europejskie zobowiązania praw człowieka Włoch w konfrontacji z kryzysem migracyjnym]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">// - - - With link to full text / Abstract in Polish is included below This article explores legal consequences arising from Italy’s European human rights legal commitments in confrontation with the migration crisis. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38579544" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">// - - - With link to full text / Abstract in Polish is included below <br />This  article  explores  legal  consequences  arising  from  Italy’s  European human rights legal commitments in confrontation with the migration crisis. The so-called  Arab  Spring  resulted  in  a  great  influx  of  illegal  migrants  who,  from  obvious  reasons,  chose  mainly  the  territory  of  Italy  as  the  first  safe  space  for  their  living  or  as  a transit country. At the beginning the process did not seem to become such a disaster and  human  rights  drama.  The  main  purpose  of  the  Authors’  analysis  is  to  present  the  attitude  of  two  main  human  rights  organs  of  the  Council  of  Europe,  namely  the  European  Court  of  Human  Rights  as  well  as  the  Committee  on  the  Prevention  of  Torture,  Inhuman  or  Degrading  Treatment  or  Punishment.  Against  the  background  of  the  analysed  documents  the  Authors  try  not  only  to  present  the  above-mentioned  legal  consequences,  but  also  discuss  the  further  role  of  Italy  in  the  ongoing  migration  crisis.  It  is more than sure, that in the present day state of affairs Italy cannot be longer left alone  as  this  is  in  strong  contravention  with  the  overwhelming  idea  of  solidarity  which  has  been  a  foundation  of  the  European  integration,  including  the  collaboration  within the European Union. <br /> <br />// - - - Abstarct (in Polish) <br />Autorzy koncentrują swoją uwagę na konsekwencjach prawnych, wynikających z europejskich zobowiązań praw człowieka Włoch w konfrontacji z kryzysem migracyjnym. Słynna Arabska Wiosna spowodowała ogromny napływ migrantów, którzy – ze zrozumiałych przyczyn – wybierali terytorium Włoch jako pierwsze bezpieczne miejsce do życia lub kraj tranzytu w poszukiwaniu nowego miejsca przeznaczenia. Proces ten początkowo nie zapowiadał tak wielkiej katastrofy ani dramatu praw człowieka dla obu konfrontujących się stron. Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie stanowiska dwóch najważniejszych organów ochrony praw człowieka Rady Europy, tj. Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka oraz Komitetu Zapobiegania Torturom, Nieludzkiemu bądź Poniżającemu Traktowaniu lub Karaniu. Na podstawie analizowanych dokumentów Autorzy prezentują europejskie konsekwencje prawne dotykające Włoch, jak również podejmują dyskusję nad dalszą rolą tego kraju w postępującym kryzysie migracyjnym. W obecnym stanie rzeczy jest więcej niż pewne, że Włochy nie mogą dłużej być osamotnione, gdyż pozostaje to w silnej sprzeczności z wiodącą ideą solidarności, która legła u podstaw europejskiej integracji, w tym w ramach Unii Europejskiej.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38579544" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e9d2bca6f281b8020bf201aa2f04efd4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63108107,"asset_id":38579544,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63108107/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23888551" href="https://torun-pl.academia.edu/PiotrSadowski">Piotr Sadowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23888551" type="text/json">{"id":23888551,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"Sadowski","domain_name":"torun-pl","page_name":"PiotrSadowski","display_name":"Piotr Sadowski","profile_url":"https://torun-pl.academia.edu/PiotrSadowski?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23888551/14564072/15429986/s65_piotr.sadowski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38579544 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38579544"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38579544, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38579544", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38579544 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38579544; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38579544"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38579544 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38579544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38579544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38579544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38579544").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38579544").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38579544"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3661" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3661" type="text/json">{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9939" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Torture">Torture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9939" type="text/json">{"id":9939,"name":"Torture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Torture?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10347" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union">European Union</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10347" type="text/json">{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39869" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refugees">Refugees</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="39869" type="text/json">{"id":39869,"name":"Refugees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refugees?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38579544]'), work: {"id":38579544,"title":"Still Alone? – European Human Rights consequences for Italy as a Result of Migration Crisis [Nadal sami? Europejskie zobowiązania praw człowieka Włoch w konfrontacji z kryzysem migracyjnym]","created_at":"2019-03-19T01:24:24.422-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38579544/Still_Alone_European_Human_Rights_consequences_for_Italy_as_a_Result_of_Migration_Crisis_Nadal_sami_Europejskie_zobowi%C4%85zania_praw_cz%C5%82owieka_W%C5%82och_w_konfrontacji_z_kryzysem_migracyjnym_?f_ri=3661","dom_id":"work_38579544","summary":"// - - - With link to full text / Abstract in Polish is included below\r\nThis article explores legal consequences arising from Italy’s European human rights legal commitments in confrontation with the migration crisis. The so-called Arab Spring resulted in a great influx of illegal migrants who, from obvious reasons, chose mainly the territory of Italy as the first safe space for their living or as a transit country. At the beginning the process did not seem to become such a disaster and human rights drama. The main purpose of the Authors’ analysis is to present the attitude of two main human rights organs of the Council of Europe, namely the European Court of Human Rights as well as the Committee on the Prevention of Torture, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. Against the background of the analysed documents the Authors try not only to present the above-mentioned legal consequences, but also discuss the further role of Italy in the ongoing migration crisis. It is more than sure, that in the present day state of affairs Italy cannot be longer left alone as this is in strong contravention with the overwhelming idea of solidarity which has been a foundation of the European integration, including the collaboration within the European Union.\r\n\r\n// - - - Abstarct (in Polish)\r\nAutorzy koncentrują swoją uwagę na konsekwencjach prawnych, wynikających z europejskich zobowiązań praw człowieka Włoch w konfrontacji z kryzysem migracyjnym. Słynna Arabska Wiosna spowodowała ogromny napływ migrantów, którzy – ze zrozumiałych przyczyn – wybierali terytorium Włoch jako pierwsze bezpieczne miejsce do życia lub kraj tranzytu w poszukiwaniu nowego miejsca przeznaczenia. Proces ten początkowo nie zapowiadał tak wielkiej katastrofy ani dramatu praw człowieka dla obu konfrontujących się stron. Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie stanowiska dwóch najważniejszych organów ochrony praw człowieka Rady Europy, tj. Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka oraz Komitetu Zapobiegania Torturom, Nieludzkiemu bądź Poniżającemu Traktowaniu lub Karaniu. Na podstawie analizowanych dokumentów Autorzy prezentują europejskie konsekwencje prawne dotykające Włoch, jak również podejmują dyskusję nad dalszą rolą tego kraju w postępującym kryzysie migracyjnym. W obecnym stanie rzeczy jest więcej niż pewne, że Włochy nie mogą dłużej być osamotnione, gdyż pozostaje to w silnej sprzeczności z wiodącą ideą solidarności, która legła u podstaw europejskiej integracji, w tym w ramach Unii Europejskiej.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63108107,"asset_id":38579544,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23888551,"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"Sadowski","domain_name":"torun-pl","page_name":"PiotrSadowski","display_name":"Piotr Sadowski","profile_url":"https://torun-pl.academia.edu/PiotrSadowski?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23888551/14564072/15429986/s65_piotr.sadowski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3661,"name":"Sovereignty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sovereignty?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":9939,"name":"Torture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Torture?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":39869,"name":"Refugees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refugees?f_ri=3661","nofollow":false},{"id":43580,"name":"Council of Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Council_of_Europe?f_ri=3661"},{"id":111098,"name":"Search and Rescue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Search_and_Rescue?f_ri=3661"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37064924" data-work_id="37064924" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37064924/Administering_populations_through_exceptionalism_and_governmentality_a_case_for_indistinctness_or_an_aporetic_relation">Administering populations through exceptionalism and governmentality: a case for indistinctness or an aporetic relation?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study aims to answer where normality ends and where exception begins in politics. This distinction is crucial to understand not only the management of populations and subjects but also the very nature of political power. To do that,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37064924" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study aims to answer where normality ends and where exception begins in politics. This distinction is crucial to understand not only the management of populations and subjects but also the very nature of political power. To do that, I readdress concepts such as governmentality and exceptionalism using examples from the late European context: the management of “normal” data subjects and the administration of “exceptional” groups such as refugees. In light of this, the paper argues that the borderline which traditionally has separated exceptionality and governmentality is not blurred. It simply does not exist anymore. Due to the impossibility to separate those dimensions, the result is that exceptionalism can be expanded through governmentality whereas normalization seems to give an orientation to this dual phenomenon in every political decision.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37064924" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8c3e5b819b85395e0052dd510b9d1645" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57015752,"asset_id":37064924,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57015752/download_file?st=MTczMjQwMjk1Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="512239" href="https://deusto.academia.edu/JaseffRazielYauriMiranda">Jaseff Raziel Yauri-Miranda</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="512239" type="text/json">{"id":512239,"first_name":"Jaseff Raziel","last_name":"Yauri-Miranda","domain_name":"deusto","page_name":"JaseffRazielYauriMiranda","display_name":"Jaseff Raziel Yauri-Miranda","profile_url":"https://deusto.academia.edu/JaseffRazielYauriMiranda?f_ri=3661","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/512239/178581/47865908/s65_jaseff_raziel.yauri-miranda.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37064924 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37064924"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37064924, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37064924", }); 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